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volume XVI. ,|t $0iitc Count';. ]^uwi> '»»«"*» »»•“* UY M: dTwTN"»LI. ) Elinor mill Proprietor. ROME, GEORGIA, FRIDAY MORNING. FEBRUARY 8, 1861. - Terra, of Subscription, 'll..tliln Six Months, J l l l 2 50 .*11 Tl lln.BoU of llis.Ywr, I i 0 01 Terra, or Adverll.lof. .UrtrtUtmtmtt will Us IsMileil st lbs .i ,,i... JfiKilliutaiu. MouImhu.i. at , „«.» of 10 ll»M or leu, for lhoKir.1, , Helots f«r r»«U Subiequout loMrtlim. I Sauar. Throe Month., i ! I 05 00 S T Six Month.. • i l .l «00 ! Tw.lr. Month., i : 10 00 liberal Diienunt will b. toeJs to thole ,,lr.m..l»r«or amount*. n.Mrir* of moro than llro linn cllsr||«4 . .ante as stWertUsmsats. V,rc0 of yffnltna.ati J&lto, "«[ ex- pji,* Five liinrs In length, ar« publishnl tniuuuily in the Courier. The TrisspUa of .tnUOOO.'* , -O |„ ,1..... „n ,eeoran.oi''0 with a rc*p<m*lblo a I ,h.r will bo published with ploaiura. The I.itw of Newspapers. -S ihoerlb-r. who <lo not clvoexpreu no „ ,H , contrary. are ron.idorod a. wlohln* i.tinne th.ir subscription. If mbwrih.r. order the iliMontlnuaneo ihilr oew.psp.rs th. publliher ran, rentin' I. M.n them until .Us Ire* race. an paid If.nhwrib.ra n.f relor rofu.o to Uki at. newspaper* from the office to which the* ijirartH. they ere h-M rceponsible until ,, kare sittM the bills a ad ordered them pH- ALL & WINTER TRADE ECU,SI) AHHlVAb op r»f SEASON AT fH. M’CLUNa’S Drnad st., Home,TOa. , coxaiiTina or LADIES’ tffiESS GOODS, Cloaks and Shawls, Together with a Urge variety ot WOOLEN GOODS, Fer Miteea'i C'liil tren’e and Bays' Wear. A LAUOEBTOCK OF HOUSE-FURNISHING PLANTERS’ GOODS! Conaiating of ICI1 MEUAMQN. BltUSPELS, I.SO RAIN AND 8TAIU CARPETS. AND CANTON MATTINO. ,ace tV Brocatcllc Curtain Goods Gilt Window Shades, CORNICE BANDS, Ac. blanketsTkerseys, AND BR064NS, Of tha beat Rauthern Mnkca. For tale at low price* l.y •ov3 J. Jt. McCLUNO. D. B. EVE, MANUFACTimnn of And Dealer Extensively in of all Styles. entity, Quality and Price* Challenged. THE FARMERS V HK requeated to examine my Urge na- I'Ttinent of Plantation Brlulca, Collars, ■twhing and Team Gear complete, at the Lowest Possible Cask Prices. *rne«« an I Gear made to order, aud repnired short not ire. Xfr slock will bear loaper- >n. eorae and aee Were purchasing. Advertisement in another column. f*b2tlllft. O, B. KVE. . I« JMJNSAIIO NEW MOORE & DUNNAHOO, GROCERS! A fall Aaaertment of FAMILY SUPPLIES. fNChUDINO Flour, Meal, Sugar o( all 1 kinda, Coffee, Butter, Egga, Fish of dlf- 'rent kimla, Dried Fruits, and Preaervad Pruita. Alt kinds of Nut*, Candiea, Cigara, Tobacco, Fine Liquors, Ac., Ac. "• wish it Distinctly Understood that We will Sell on Credit to . H responsible men, who ero in the habit of paying at the time agreed upon. We wilt duplicate upon time to prompt men ' a "y e* 3 * 1 purchaae made in Give as » call and satisfy yourselves as to wii and prices, frbOwijr.] MOORE A DUNN ATI OO. Hntnrday Monilng, Feli»y 3, isoo. 'Hie^bniliein Congrcai Z ' Tho Representative* of the seceding, Slates who are to meet in Montgomery, Ala., on Monday tho 4th lust., have be fore them n task unequalled in interest and importance by apy ovent that lias transpired since tho adoption of the Fedornl Constitution. Thu spirit, tone, and direction that is given to tho Southorn movement at tlio very start, may fix Its character for all timo to como. In all revolutions or re modelling* of governments, there are sure to arise many crochety men, with new fanglcil notions, uml utopian Irenms, ottering new schemes and re forms in Government which tiikv think indispensably necessary for the perfec tion of the system. -We hope tho Con vention will bo particularly cautions In rcoolving thu suggestions of theso tink ling exporimentors, and beware of any material departure from tho "old land marks" of tho Federal Government. Homo of these proposed innovations look vary pretty, sound charmingly and •ten advantageous; but tho pieco of of meat held in the mouth ought not to bo dropt uulees there is a certainty, at least, of getting that which look* larger in the water,. The simplest kind of a Provisional Confederation that can- lie formed, uml, at the same timo be thor» oughty efficient, will probably be the very best oourso for this Congress to pursue for tho present. Only six States are now in a situation to (larticipato in this Congress, and, ns tho probability is so great, that the otherslaveholding States will speedily secede from tho Federal Union, duo respect and courtesy to them would scorn to demand that no more than is npeessjiry for our imtnedi< ate interest and safety, should now be done. But what, or bow much should be done, depends very much upon the rapidly changing circumstances of the times and the relations of the seceding States to the balance of the South, and also to tho Federal Government. Convention Adjourned to meet in No vnnnnfa. The Georgia State Convention ad« jotirned last Tuesday, to moat again on Ihocull of the President, or, in his death or inability, on tho call of tho Governor, at Savannah. Wo sco .no sufficient good rea son for this- movement. ’ Tho Cotivcn tion, and tjio Legislature too, for thut matter, would lx? nioro likely to best subserve tlio great interests of (lis whole State when farthest removed from spe cial local interests, ami when they be led to see rather than mndo to feel the peculiar heal wants of any cne place however important they may Ik?. •Savannah may be regarded ns the Poi t of Georgia, ami, with the excep tion .of Brunswick, contains the best harbor in thjp State. Now whatever special Legislation as actually needed for th/ft place, ought to be hod with out grudge or hesitation. But would not the Convention sitting at Milledg, vide, add entirely free from tlio win ning Inhuenee* of tho eordiAlnnd gene rous hospitality for which the “city of Parks" is so famous, be more likely to appreciate the wants ol the State it hole and give equal justice to all stdiont t The nioro fact that the Convention w urged to meet there, proves I hat tiny have local interests in Savannah that thoy hopo thereby to promote. With out being over jealous w« must remom l»er that **eternal vigilance is the /trice of Lihcrtg aud that, even small errors, in the beginning of our new Govern ment, may loud to wtongs in the progress of time. |6PTuk Fmivd Superior Court, ad journed on last Thursday evening, after a session of four days. Very few iin portunt cases were tried—mostly ou ac count of the absence of loading coun sel. Tho Rays were sentenced on Thurs day. Stephen, found guilty of “assault with intent to murder" to tho penitcu tiary for five years—Samuel, found guil ty of “misdemeanor," trading with groce, Ac., was sentenced to the county jail for six months and fined $100. England nnd the Southern Con federacy. Tho news from Toronto to-day, that the British Government intends to Rcknowlodgo the independence of the Southern Confederacy ns soon ns it is regularly organised and makes applica tion in duo diplomatic form, creates a profound sensation in the city. Thojournnl which makes this an- nounooment—-tlio Toronto lender—is high otlioial authority, and of its cor rectness, in this case, tho most intelli gent of our people hero do not apiKMir havo any doubt. Tho General Convention of tho cotton States, it will bo remcmWcd. assem bles at Mont/fonwry, Ain., on tha 4th of February, a month iu advance of Lincoln’s inauguration. The pro gramme is, to organise a Provisional Government at once, with President, Vice-President, etc., and then despatch ambassadors to England and France for recognition an an independet power, so ns to bo ready for consequencon, whatever they may be, under the Re publican regime by March 4th. Tho cautious and very diplomatic pecch of tho British Premier, at the Southampton dinner, on tho Oth, strong ly ml verso to “ooorcion"—now unques tionably means much, in this connec tion—-and the meaning may bo inter- venticn—besides recognition—in case wo go to work cutting ono auotlier’s throats, and blowing ono another's brains out. STOVES! A. W. CALDWELL, MANUFACTURER OF Db, Shed Iron t Copper Wares, AND DEALER IN u Stoves, Pumps & House | Furnishing Goods, ft A largo anil well !£ ectod variety of Cooking & Heating Stoves. Always on hand Low for Cash. . all job work »n*i work dono to order Cash on Delivery. Guttering and Roofing Done I’d the Best Style. -til nccounts considered due on tho 1st o '''“7 end 1st January, and settlements must e n **d» at thosa times. may25—wly B bRVETT’8 Flavoring F.xl'nct*. Coeo- aino, Kalluston uud Tooth Wash—r ,re *h •apply at FABELL A YEISJ5B. Accident.—Several days since Mr, L. It. Ulakcmnn, whilo at work in Cen tro, Ala., fell from a two story building, and, besides dislocating his thigh, re ceived other serious injury. He was brought up on tho Chcrokoo on last Thursday. Wo umlojstand ho is doing well and has a prospect of an early re covery. He is one of tho vory best car penters and house joiners in this section of tho country. Dki-aktue of Uunited States Troops, —-Tho Company of troops latolystation ed ot tho Arsenal noar this city, ore preparing to leave for tho North at on early day. Our cituens have found Capt. Ellzey and tho men under bis charge brave, honorable, and goncrous. Wo have reason to believo that a large portion them deeply sympathise with tlioSouth and that it is only a mistaken sonso of duty to tho shattered wreck of tho into Unite States government that impels them to romaiu longer in a snrvico so galling to their high senso of jr- tico. ' Wo hove beon requested by soverol of tho members of tho company to ex press their grateful acknowledgements for tho oourtoous and friendly treat ment received a 4 tho hands of our citi sons.—Augusta Dispatch. Col. W. J. Harder Krsionrd.—-Wo learn that Col. W. J. Hardoo rosigned his commission in the U. S. Army yes terday, and has tendered his sorvico* tc the Governor of Georgia.—Savannah News. Tho Washington corresiiondent of the llichmotid “Examiner, a very reli able source, says: I hoar from reliablo authority that tho Powers of Great Britain, Frunoe and Kussia will recognizo promptly the iiulcpoudeiico of the uewiSoutherii Con federacy. Assurances of this havo been givon in a way which leaves no doubt ns to the result. It may ho counted on with certainty (hat ahy attempt to block up tSouthern trade will lie put down by England nnd France. They must havo tho Cotton. Tho Now York Ilcrahl, which takes a similar view with tho Express, thus con cludes un article on the sul^jcott “The interests of the British govern ment all lie in the .Southern States,— There is tho cotton upon whoso manu facture so many of the English popula tion depend for their lives; and there Great Britain will find her best custo mers for those articles ns woll as her other manufactures, which will proba bly bo admitted duty free. Hero is tlio immense britm held out to the Eng lish government, whose conscience is be found in their iMK'kets; nnd it a sufficient reason why it should inti mate oven now that it will not permit the North to wage war upon tho South ern States merely for asserting their iu- dependence," From the Buvaniinh Itcpuh'iesn. Hnvnuunh nnd its Defences. Fort Pui.aski.—Tho city is guarded i its sea approaches by Fqrt Pulaski, built on Cockopur Island, fourteen miles from Savannah, at tho month of the S.ivaiiu.ih river. The site cf the fortification was selected by Major Babcock, of tlio United States Engi neer cori*, about twenty-six .years ago. but it was not till ls.11 that the worked erecting the present masnive masonry fortification was commenced iu earnest. In that year C'aiitain Mansfield, now Colonel Mansfield, of the Inspector General's Department, took charge of iis couetruction. Tho fort was finished few year* ago, at a cost of $093,000. lie fort is of a pentagonal form, cov : ling sovojnl acres; its walls are forty leot high, and present two luces on tlio tea approach, with ranges of fire radiating at opposite angles. The Tort embrasured on the front and channel r one row of gnus under I tomb proof 'uscmoutM, with an additional tier of guns on en bar Lettc. The salient (mints and Hanking approaches in tho rear of the work have no embrasure r or heavy ■aninpi, but are thoroughly covered by uifiladiiig musket loop holes, which renders n land or est-uluding attack xtra hazardous to un enemy. The full urtnameiU of the fort, when it- shall have been brought within its walls, will consist on the lower <ier of sixty- live thirty-two pounder iron pieces uml the upper tier with fifty-threo twenty-tour nour.ders, four eighteen pounder flanking howitzers, ono thir teen ineli mortar, twelve eight-inch Columbinds, and sotoh ten-inch mor tars—in nil, one hundred nnd fifty guns required for-its full armament are in the fort, and these are dismantled. Tho Columbiads, to which reference has been made, are very destructive weapons, of long range, nnd adapted to uso spherical shot or shtdls. Many of those now in Fort Pulaski can bo mounted to hnvo a horizontal firo of one hundred nnd eighty degrees, and a vertical fire of five degrocs depression to thirty-six degrees elevation. The interior of tho fort is well supplied with massive furnaces for heating shot, officers' quarters, soldiers' barracks, magazines, and u tolerable supply of shot and powder. Tho fort ot present is not on a full war footing; to complete it twenty-six new barbette gun platforms are required to suit the prescribed casement; and the ditches should be clnred of tlio mud nocumulnted throughout their whole extent, the liottoms of tho ditch- os repaired, and the bunks of the feed ing canal refitted. The full war garri son of tho work is eight hundred men, but ono half that number could hold it successfully against any armament the Federal Government can bring against it. Vessels of uny cousideruble size, in beating the channel to Savannah, aro obliged to apnronnoh within seventy yards of tho Fort, and at this point many guns of largo calibre <r “ 1 A Clitinge In tfio Form ol’ Judicial Oaths. . The following circular has boon trans mitted from the Stato Executive De* partmeirt to the Justices of tho Inferior Courts of tho several counties of this State : EXECUTIVE DEPA RTMENT) Mii.udukvii.lr, Jan. 22nd, 1801. j 7\> the lion, the Justice of (he Inferior Omrt. Georgia having seceded from the Union, thereby dissolving the relations heretofore existing between this Stato nnd tho Unitod States, it is no - longer necessary or proper, that officers of Georgia, civil or military, should tnko the oath to support tho Constitution of tho Unitod States. As Commissions havo already been sent to tlio Justice of tho Inferior Court of the various conn- ties in the State, for Tax Collectors, Deceivers of Tax Heturns, ami Justices of tho Inferior Court, (and in some in stances, for Justices of tho Peace,) elec- te l at tho late elections, accompanied by the usual dedimusses nnd official oaths ns heretofore administered, this Is to authorise nnd request you, boforo administering tho official oath, In any ease hereafter, to strike ont that part "to support the Constitution of the United States." All forms of official oaths hereafter sent out from this Department, will bo isuned without that clause. H. II. WATERS. .Secrotary Executive Department. J.ct Moderation Prevail. Now that a Southern Confederacy is a fixed fact, and the soccsslon of all, or neariy all, tho slave .States ju g forego no conclusion, it is of tho veiy first im portance that tho South pursuo such a moderate, nnd even forbearing oourso ns to avert any possiblo excuse for war. Though tho occupancy of military posts in our liordcrs is a hostile menace, still wo would not nse a Minguninory strug gle precipitated until all the arts cf cH- plomncy, and tho influences of reason aro brought to bear. Georgia has peace fully secured possession of all militury posts in her borders. Unfortunatoly, South Carolina nml Florida are still hectored by Federal bnttlcmcntsnt For'* Sumter and Pickens. We know the ea gerness of the people to take possession of those posts. Wo tielieve it would be right for them to do it, as measures of •elf-protection. But wo do not thiiik it jmlitic to shed a drop of blood, until the possionsnml prejudices of the Noi th em people have had time to cool. They do not properly understand the (icsition and spirit of the South. Thoy have been taught by a lying press, a prostitu ted clergy, and a tritie of deimfkogucs, to believo that the respectable portion of the Southern people nro opposed to secession, arid that a show of pluck on their parts will induce tbe .South to ac cept any kiml-of-compromise. A few weeks will dispel the delusion, when Stato after Stato shall havo fallen into thesecession ranks, and the Federal arm is loft powerless, with a distracted ’ poo- pie and a bankrupt treasury, to meet the grave i-r.ie of peace or war. Wo Late News. i-r.ie of peace or war. .. v , ...... ..... - honestly believo that u collision now, | tho Congressmen for mailing WASHINGTON NEWS. Washington, Jan. 30.—The Washing ton Constitution iVill suspend its publi cation licie to-morrow. The editor nn- nounocs that ho will shortly resumo its publication in tho Southern Confedera cy, probably at Monlg< m ry Ala. CONGRESSIONAL. Wasuinuton, Jun. 3Q.-rSenate.—In the Scuuto to day, tho Pacific Railroad bill was passed by a voto of ayes 37, nays 14. Tho Pikes Peak bill was debated and omeuded. llot sE.—In the House, Mr. Cobb, of Alabama, |>rc.wntcd nn official ropy of tha ordifinneo or sesesion of that State, exnressod his regrets at leaving and wit lid row from CongteiA. The select committee of five re- )>orted In fny»r ot authorising the President to call out tho military in certain cases. A minority of two from tho some committee reported against coercion. Tlio Picsldent communicated to tho House the fact that he had signed tho Kansas bill, Tho report of tho Committee of Thir- ty-TLrco was debated. Washington, Jan. 29.—Judge (Troon- wood, or Ark., linr accepted tho Score- trryshipof the Interior. Mr. Colfax of Indiana, has received a letter from Mr. LIucoId, in which he favors a compromise. Senator Douglas' now amendments to the Fugitive Slave latw provides trial by jury and -In tho Stato from which tlio slave oscapcn. It fuithc provides that tlio same shall be paid out of tho Fodernl Treasury in tlio event of a failure to secure the value of the fugitive to the owner, and the Attcrncy-t.encral shall rocoror the amount from the county or State where ho Is lost. In the House to-day, Mr. Reynold's of Now York, from tho Select Com- mittco on Treason, reported a bill RUthorhlng the President, whenever and as often ns In Ids opinion, It shall bcconio necessary to call forth tho militia of nil or any of tho States, or accept volunteers to such an extent os may be required to protect and do- fend the forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yards nnd public building* which hove been or may bn unlawfully seized by (hwsoiih. Another section applies tho act of 1807, leguiuting Naval forces to this bill for tho ^nmc purposes as the Army. Washington, Jan. 29.—The Govern ment bus received nothing definite from Pensacola. Senator Mallory hnwovur, lms telegraphed hero that Fort Pickens will bo taken if the “Brooklyn" enters theharborof Pensa cola. The Postolllco Department has repli ed to Mr. Ashmore of South Carolina, iilisweril g his enquiry wliolhei he could uso the flunking privilcdge allowed fijH r ' * pub- CONGRESSIONAL WashtxnTOjr, Jon. 31.—Sevatk.—Tlio Hon. William H. Sownrd, of New York precepted u j etition with tjiirty-yBigll 1 thousand signers, for a compromise.— Mr. Sewaril stated that' lift wosrequcst- ed to advocate tint petition. ’ A debate ensiled between Messrs., Mason, Seward, C'umeron, Douglas end Halo wuicli occupied tho balnnce of the session. House.—The llouso debated tlio Do* flciulicy bill. ENGLAND WILL RECOGNIZE THE SOUTH ERN Cl)N FEDEll ACY. Toronto, Cauuda, Jun. 31,—The Deader of tills morning reasserts, ns a fact, that England will rcco.nizo tho .Southern Confederacy. Mississim Druruaiion.—The follow ing gentlemen havo been elected by tho Mississippi Stato Convention, to the Southern Congress, .which assembles in Montgomery on next Monday ; Hon. Wiley P. Harris, of Hinds " ’ Walker Itrooke, or Warren. " W„ H. Wilson, of (.'tuition*; “ A, M. Clayton, or Marshall. " W. S. Bam*, of i/iwndes, “ J.T. Harrison, of Lowndes. " J. A. P. Campbell, of Attala. the Man Who won't Fur the Fnnte:* May hobo shod with lightning, and romiHillcd to wander ovrr gunpowder, tvesoro oyes nnd a chestnut burr cye-atone. May ever)* day of Ids life be moi-rt despotic then the IN»y of ot Algiurs. May ho never be (Kirmittod toki*sa pretty woman. Muy lio 1»« Wwl to doath by bonnting School lids sc* (wncticing their first lessons 1n mu- sie, without tho privilege of seeing Ids brought nbmit by the .South—though [ lie documents which lie lms now rea- bo made to concentrate timir fire. Tlio fortifica tion is pronounced by expert army en gineers ono of tho strongest and most perfect of its kind on this continent. It covers more area than Fort Sumier, but has ono tier of guns less than that work. , , Fort Pulaski is now garrisoned by upwards of two hundred Georgia Stato troops, who have put tho place in a complete stato of defence. Tlio garri son is under tho comuiuud of Colonel Alexander It. Lawtcn, a graduate of West Point, and subsequently an offi cer of tho First Regiment of the United States artillory. lie ufterwnrds resign ed, and is at present a practising lawyer in this city. Fort JacksoX.—This is a small Work, built on ft low marsh, four miles from Savannah, ou a sito near the bond of the river, and commanding important points in tlio clmnnol. It is built of heavy brick masonry. Its armament consist of ten twenty-four pounder iron 6 uns, three field pieces, five oight-mch owitzers, ono ten-inch mortar, garrison consists of seventy men. we have ample justification—'would be a fatal mistake, nnd would fire tho North ern heart to a degrcee or enthusiasm in tlio mad project of coercion, which would drench the country in blood, and clog our progress a quarter of a century. Therefore let us wait with patience yet a few days, or weeks, while the urent drama of denationalization goes bravoly on, and star after drops from tlio Federal firmament, to seek a newer nnd brighter lustre in the Southern galaxy.—Augusta Dispatch, Destitution in the Citv.—Our re porters have found a good ileal of diffi culty ill gelling any reliable statistics from the departments iu regard to the condition of tlio city poor. In one place they were denied information on the groud, as stated by tho clerk, that they did not want all the, farts published at the South would find it out! Tills cor- r«»l»orntoH "our former stispiciosn that facts were suppressed by the Republicans for party reasons. They prefer to let white j versons, otir own brothers and sistrrs. starve nnd perish for tlio sake of ••fieedom for tlio negro,’’ who, in plenty laugiis at their silly philanthropy.—Tv. T. Dag Jlook. No Federal Troocs.—No Federal troops sliull ever enter Virginia, to ope rate against the South!" Such was tho solemn declaration of Floyd, of Virgin ia long ago. Yet we see that, contem plating the use of Fodcral troops against tho South, the fortresses of Virginia aro reinforced. Very beautiful, this! Tho Government of tho United States, which left Hurjvor's Ferry to the tender mercies of John Brown, arms it against Virginia herself. These fortresses, thus reinforced, are to bo yielded, in March, to Abrnhnm Lincoln. IIow many John Browr.s are to bo sheltered in Virginia under tho protection of Unitod States troops, is a quostion in |»olitical arith metic, which our sister .Stato must an swer for herself. The was a time, how- over, whon Virginia could snuff truftny in the breeze. Dees she not see it in those bayonets of the Federal Govern ment?—Char. .1 ter. Beware or Imposition.—Tho Atlanta lutciiigonccr of Monday says; “Mr. K. W. Holland, President of tho Bank of Fulton, has shown us a Geor gia Railroad Bank bill, raised from a Jive to a twenty dollar bill, by pasting tho figuro ‘20,’ over the ‘5,’ on tbe right hand end of tho bill. Tho left hand end of the bill had been torn offi Tho hill was at tho Bank of Fulton for $20." General Scott.—Tho Norfolk Ilcrahl says; Wo learn on pretty good authority that Lieut. Gen. Scoot has said that .ill the event of Virginia sccodingitJwus jiD determination to resign his commission in tho army, nnd make Virginia his place of residence for the roiuainder of Lis days. Arrested as a Smr.—W* learn from u latter from one of Capt. O’I Lira’s Com pany, now at Pensacola, to his wife iu this city, says the Mobile Mercury, that tho wile of Lieut. .Slimmer, Command er at Fort Pickens, has been arrested nt Fort Barrancas as a spy. She went to Fort Barrancas without any ostensi ble businoss, nnd tlio reasonable sup position was that she had come hero to take notes of tho position of things and report thorn to her husband. jgyThn Suprme Court Commenced tis January term in Macon, on the 28th instant—Justices Lyon and Jenkins , present. dy. The matter was laid hoforo tlio Uvbi- net, nnd the Administration says it docs not rtcnunlza .South Carolina ns out of the Union, consequently Mr. Ash more, as a member of Congress, is on titled to the lieuefit of the franking privilege, until the first Monday of De cember next. But if Mr. A*liiuoro him self iMilieves that South Carolina is out of the Union, the IW.muster-Gencml •ays it is for Mr. Ashmore then to do- teiminu whether hu \*uii conscientiously u-e tiic franking privilcdge, entertain iug tlint opinion! C donol Knyne has as yet made no formnl demand for tlio surrender of Fort Sumter. Ho will proWhly to so when 1 io receives tlio official csolutioiisof the South Carolina Legis lature. The President lms countermanded tho order for tlio “Brooklyn" to en ter Pensacola, and sent orders to Ma jor Chase, commander of the Florida troops, to that eil’ert, which he will deliver when she heaves in sight. This will, it is presumed, prevent a collis ion. TEXAS NEWS. MoatLE, Jan. 30.—Wo havo rccohcd hilvcston news to the 29th inst. Only seventeen of tlio members of tlio Texas Legislature nro co-opcration- ists. Tho Special Committee reported in (uvor of sanctioning the Conven tion. There was but littlo attention paid to tho Governor's Message, which favors a delay os long os possible. He opposes the People’s Convention, ai d thinks that the Union cause will.be preserved. A resolution delaying secession was twice tabled. Tlio Military CommitteiMvere prepar ing a bill to put tho .State in a com plete defensive (>oMitinn. Thoro were rumors that a body of men wore moving on San Antonio lo take the Arsenul. Gen. Twiggs called in troo|»s to protect the Arsenul. The “Knights of the Uoldqp Circle" otic red their services to assist in protecting tlio place. Gen. Twiggs denies tho rcj>ort that he had resigned, but says that ho in formed tho President that ho would not uso his sword against hi* country men. Ho also say that when the pro per demand is made by. tlio State of Texas, he will hand over tho Arsenal to her authority. NEW JERSEY LEGISLATURE. Trenton, Jan. 31.—A bill was intro duced in tho Senate punishing as felony the sale or doiivosy of arms or muni tions of war to any seceding Stales. For enlisting in the sorvico of a seceding State tlio punishtnont shall he imprison ment in thcpenitentiaiy for seven y tormentors. May his boots leak, hi* gun hung lire, and hi* fishing-line* break. May his colfec he sweetened with flies, nml his teacup seasoned with spider*. May his cattle die of murrain, and the pigs destroy Jiis garden. May a troop of printers' devils, lean, lank, and hungry, do^ his heels each day, And u regiment of oats. • caterwaul un der his .window oach night. May tho famine-stricken ghost ol nn editor's hn- by haunt hi* slumbers, anti ht*s “Mur derer!" iu his dreaming enr. May hi* rows give sour milk, ami his chnrn ran cid butter. In short, may hi* business go to ruin, nnd hu go to—Congress. •QrMr. Toombs, from tho Commit tee on Foreign Affairs, nmdo tho fol lowing report: Thu CouimPtco on Foreign A flairs, to whom was referred tlio duty of recoin mending to tho Convention suitable persons to fill tho office* of Commis sioners to several designated States, have had tlio same under consideration nnd veport^- For V*.j II. L. Bennlng, of Muscogco. Md„ A. it. Wright, of Richmond. ICy11. R. Jackson, of Chatham. Tenn» II. P. Boll, of Forsyth. Mo., L.J. Glenn, of Fulton. Ark., D. P. Hill, of Harris. Del., D. C. Campbell, of Baldwin. N. G\, Samuel Hall, of Macon. Mr.Toombs, from tho Committee, then- asked the Convention to recom mit to the Committee ro much of tho report as related to Kentucky, us. ho had just roccivcd a telegraphic dispatch that Hon. II. R. Jackson could not serve. Agreod to. The Flag of .SonTii Carolina.—Tho Charleston Mercury says: “On Saturday last both Houses of tho General Assembly finally concurred ill' the design of the flag whic|i is hereaf ter to represent the Sovoicign Stato ol South (Airnlina. The field is dark blue. U|K>n the upper inner comer of the flag is the crescent, In white, tho horn* pointing upward. In the middle of the Hag is tin oval, in white, emblazoned with a golden (aduiollo, upright." Cotton Convention.—On tlio 13th of February, a Convention of tlioso in terested in tho development of the Cotton spinning industry of tlio Sauih, will be held nt Atlanta, Georgia. The object of the Convention is to secure such concert of action as will enable tho South to export spun cotton to France, S|»niii, Belgium, Switzeiland, Germany and Russia. and also bo deprived of their citizenship WASHINGTON NEWS. Washington, Juii. 31.—The Secretary of Stato declined to admit that seces sion authorities in possession of u com mercial port has any power to grant clearances or receive payment of du ties. in his lottor to Lord Lyons, he defined tho position of the Government, nml declares that the U. States laws will bo regarded ns In full operation. A private dispatch from Tennessee states that tho Legislature instructed Commissioners to be sent to Washing ton on the 4th of March. This issatd to bo aUnion triumph, as tea of the twelvo Commissioners aro certainly in favor of Union. The lion. T. J. Judgo, Commissioner from Alabama, arrived hero this mor ning. He is in conference with Col. Uayno. Virginia Commissioners.— 1 The Legis lature of Virginia, lias appointed Ex- President John Tyler, lion. William C. Hives, lion. George W.Summer*, Judge John W. Brockeiibrough. and Hon. Juuum A. Seddon, Commissioners of tho Slate, to incut utlici Commissioners from other States nt Washington on the 4th day of February, for the pur pose of devising, if pructiruplo, a plun for settling pending difficulties. TUK independent VAUM**: •Lot sailors sing of tho windy deep, ( Let soldiers praise their armor, »> w»y hoart lids toast I’ll keep, . \»m 1,0 i m tol»*ndenl Farmer; When flta till a rose, iu robe of green, Unfolds iu Qiluuon lining. And round his oottngo porclt is seen Tho honoy-suckle twining, . • When banks of bloom their sweetness yield, To beea that gather honey, lUfUrires his team across the field Where skies are soft and balmy. Tho blackbird oJuckr behind hi*plough, Tho quail pipes loud and clearly Yon orchard hides behind its l>ougli Tho homo he loves so dearly ; Thu gray old barn, whose doois unfold Uis smplo store in measure, More rich of hasps than hoarded*-gold, A precious, blessed treasure t . Hut yonder in their (mrah thoro stand* Uis wife, tho lovely charmer, The swceti at rn*« on all tho lands— The I ndepeudent farmer- To him *he spring comes dnncingly, To him the Summer blushes, f The Autumn smiles with mellow ray,.. IIo sloops, old Winter hushes* He care* not how tho world may move, No. doubts nor fours confound him t Ills little flocks are linked,in love, Aud household ungels rouu I him; Ho trusts in God, and loves his who, . Nor griefs nor ills luuv harm her; lie’s natures nobleman in life— The Independent Farmer. WThe New York Express, iu speak ing of tlio secession of Georgia, says:— “Tlio Republic can 111 • aflord to part with suuli u .State. Uer secession is tlio Worst gap ypt mndo in the,Union. Tho link she has broken Is 6n6 (lint can- pot well bo repaired. * The whole drift of things in Virginia, Mi*ouri. Tenues- see. and Arkansas, tends strongly in the same direction. For that matter, indeed, unless the Crittenden olive- branch bo accepted, we may ns well make up our minds that, by tho timo Mr. Lincoln comes to take tlio oath of office, thnentiro fifteen slave Htntes will standing on common grouhd, out side of tha Union." Address from the fltnto Convention to the People ol (•’corftn. Iu iha Stato Convention, on Tuesduy, the Iasi day of the session, Judge Nfa lx-1, of Bibb,' presented n report setting forth the reasons why tho Ordinance of .Secession by this Stato was adopted.— Judgo Nisbot stated that tho repbrt •was written by the lion. Roht. Toombs, and ho requested that gentleicafi to rend it. Mr. Toombs complied, nnd the following U THE ADDRESS. Thepoople of Georgia, having dis solved tho political connection with the government of tho United Htntes of America, present to her confederates and the world, tho causes which have Jed to the separation. For U/ohnt ten years, wo have liml numerous and seri ous causes of complaint against many our non-slnvoholding confederate States, In reference to the subject of African slavery. They hnvo endeavor ed to weaken our security-toil isturb our domestio peace and tranquility—and nnd persistently refusod to comply with their constitutional obligations to us in reference to that property, and by tlio use of their power in the Federal Gov ernment, have strivon to deprive us ol our equal oijoyment of tho common territories of the Republic. This hos tile policy of our confederates has Ireen pursued with ovory circumstance of aggravation which could arouse the (Missions and oxcito tho hatred of our poonle, and has placed thoiwo sections ortho Union, for many years post, In the condition of virtual oivil war. Our people, htill attached to the Union from habit, and nntionul traditions, andaveisions tot bulge, hop d hit line, reason and argument, would bring, if not redress, nt least exemption from further insults, injuries uml dangers.— Recent oveut* have fully dissipated all such hopes, and demonstrated the ne cessity of separation. Our northern confederates, after a full and culm read ing of ail the facts; after fair warning of our fixed purposes not to submit to the rule of tho author* of all these wrongs and injuries, have, by a largo majority, commuted the government of.the United States into their hands. 1 he people of Georgia, after an equal ly full, and fair, and deliberate hearing of the case, have declared, with oquiu linn ness, that thoy shall not rule over them. A brief history of tho rise, pro gress und policy of anli-slavory, anu of the (>olitical organisation into whose •wyTt « rauti <• sit 1 .*•'•! i JU .-ff i; \«-‘4 >» Km* ' .1fir Ifr-'rad o» - bWnwi tltloh In granted both i Ring acts gave tho buslhcsp to cnclt of theso in(L which they otdoy without diminution to'thin day. Not oontont with theso brent'and ui\Just advantages, they have sought to throw the legitimate burthens of their business as much os possible upon tho public. ' r - Ihcy havo succeeded 1n throwing the costy of lighthouses, buoys, and tbo nintntbnnnoe of their seamen upon the treasury, and the government now pays over two' millions annually for tho sup port of these objects. These Interest* in connection with the commofolal nml manufacturing classes, have also succor- ded, l>y moans of subventions to mail steamers and the reduction of postage, I» relieving thoir business from the-pay- ment of about seven millions of donors annually, and throwing It upon tfe public treasury under the name of pos tal deficiency. Tho manufacturing in terest bhtorod intb (ho Mime sliupulx •arly, and has clamored steadily /<»r vcrnmpnt bcuhtic* aridipcdsl fftvory. ’ tho Eastern it. (Unmnils iv.ro In full lujknWf; Tliomanufnc n<-f« whblv liaaeil thoir demand, npon .(xeihl feet, nml reason., rathor than upon general principles,' nnd thorebr inolliflod much of tne opposition of tlio nppoting interests. * They pleaded in tipir valor tho Infancy'of thoir busings in thia country, tho scarcity of labor nnd capital, tho hostile leglaiation of othor countrioc towards thorn, thogreat nooesslty of thoir fabrics in timo of war, and tlio necessity ot high duties to pay (ho debt incurred in our war for inde- Cim.uid with T»i*»o.v.—Tho IVn.h- ington correspondent of Hi® Charleston i ittrier, telegraph* os follows under d«to 24tli iiistiint“Olio Todwcll, of New York, intend* to fife affidavits, char ging treason against. Messrs. Toombs, Ivfrsou, Wigfall. .Slidell, ami others. Ho hu* been boforo the Judgo of the District (Joint to sco if lie could not get u process issued. Judgo Taney, of the Supremo Court, refused his appli cation after three days’ advisement. Resignation.—Major Earl Van Dorn of tlio Second Regmont of United .Sta to* Dragoons, who has several relatives living in Dorchester county, has ten dered his resignation to tho Wur De partment, and offered Ids services to tho Governor of the “Republic of Miss issippi." lie was brevet ted for gallant services at tlio battles of Corro Gordo, (Jlierubusco and Contreras.—Cambrige (Mass.) Democrat. Brogan Manufactory in New Or leans.—The New Orleans Bulletin, mi- nouncus that Messrs. George II. Uozet and Paul Queyrouse, havo established a brognn manufactory in that city, which, already turns out six hundred pairs per day, and is expected when in full blast, to make sixteen hundred. More Re.-i in ations.—We understand that Richard F. Armstrong, of (in., n uieml>cr of tlio first ol.is*. at the U. .S, Naval Academy, ha* resigned and cen* Uerod his services to tho Governor of Georgia, eitlior in the Army or Naval service of tho oiato. An older brother of Midshipman A., Lieutenant jEnoos Armstrong, resigned his commission in the Navy a few weeks sinco, and mndo a similar tender of his services to the Governor. Pretty good for ouo family.—Savannah Jlepub- (wan, |&»“Do you- believe, sir, that the dead ever walk after death?"—"No doubt of it, madam; I have heard the ‘Dead Maroh in Saul. 1 ” • hands the administration of tlio Feder al Government has been committed, srJII fully justify tlw pronounced ror- diet of the ncoplo of Georgia. Tho par ty of Mr. Lincoln, called tho Republi can party, undor Represent name and organization, is of recent orgin. It is admitted to be an anti-slavery party; whilo it nttracts to itself, by its creed, the scattered advocates of explodod po litical heresies; of condemned theories in political economy; tho advocates of commercial restrictions, of protection,, of special privileges, cf wnsto and cor ruption in-tlio a Juiinistration of gov ernment, utiti-slftve»7 is its mission nnd its puposo. By anti-slavery it is mado a (tower in tho Htuto. Tho question of slavery was tho greatest difficulty In the way of tlio formation of -tho Con stitution. While tho subordination, and the political aud social inequality of tho African race word fully conceded by all, it was plainly apparout that slavery would soon .disappear from what aro tho non-slavoholding States cf tho original thirteen. Tho-opposition to slavery was then, as now, general iu those Htatos, and tho Constitution was made with direct reforcnco to that fact. But a distinct ubolition party «u* not formed in tho United Suites for moro tlmii half a cen tury after tho government went into operation. Tho main reason was, that the North, oven if unitod, could noV control both brandies of tho legisla ture during any portion of Unit time; therefore, such an organization must havo resulted either in litter failure, or tlio total overthrow, of tho govern ment. Tlio material prosperity of tho North wus groutly .dependent on tho Federal Qov.efnmon t—that of tho South not at oil. In tho lirst year, of tho lle- publio tho navigation, commoroial and manufacturing interests of tho North, began to seek profit and aggrandize ment at the oxponzo of tho agricultu ral interests. Even the oirneiy offithing smnoks sought and obtained bounties tot pursuing their own business, which yet^continue, and over half a million of dollars aro now paid (hem annually but of tho Treasury. Tho navigation inter jiciidcnco, Theso reasons prevailed, nnd thoy received for many yoats, enor mous tnunties tiy tho general aequics- conco of tho wholo country. But whon theso reasons ceased, they were no lets clamorous for government protection, but theso clamors were loss heeded. The country tlion put tha principle or. protection upon trial, nnd condemned It. Alter having enjoyed prelection to (ho extent or from fifteen to two hun dred per cent, upon their entire busi ness (or abovo thirty years, tho act of 18-10 wns passed. It kvowod sudden change, hut tho principle" was settled, tnd treo tmdo, low duties, and economy n public expenditures w*» the verdict of (ho American public. - ■ * Tlio South and (he Nbrlh-TVcetom Htntes sustained this polioy. There was hut small hope or its reversal—upon tho direct issue nono at all. All theso clas ses saw this and fait it and cast about for new allies. The anti-slavery senti ment at tbe north offered tho best chanco fbr success. Ah anti-slavery party must neeeesarily look to thenorth alone fnr support, but a united North wm bow stroug onough to control tho government in all ite departments, and n sectional parly waa, therefore, deter mined on. Time and issuea upon sla- vory were neoetsary to ite completion and final triumph. The feeling of anii- •lavoiy which, It was well known, was very general among tho peoplo ni tlio north, had been long dormant or pas sive. It noodod only a question to arouse it Into aggressivo aotivity. This question was before ns.' Wo had ac quired a large territory by successful war with Mexico. Congress had to gov ern it.' How, in relation to slavery, was tho question then demanding solu tion. Tills state of facta garo form and shape to the anti-slavery sentiment throughout the North, and the conflict began? Northern anil-slavery non, of ail parties, asserted the right tooxaludo slavery Trom this territory by Congres sional lcglslatiop. and demahdod the prompt and cfllclont cxcrciso of this power to that ond. This insulting and unconstitutional demand was mot with greut moderation and firmness by tho south. Wo hod shed our blood and J ' uid ourmonoy for ite acquisition—we Icmnn'dad a division of jt, on tho lino of the Missouri restriction, or an equal participation In tho whole of it,’ Theso propositions wore refosed. The agltn- tion became general, and the public danger gf* it. Tho causa of tbo South was impregnable. Tho price of tho ac quisition waa blood and treasure of both sootions—of all—and therefore It be longed to all, upon the principles ot equity nnd justfeo. Tho Constitution delegates no power to Congress to exclude cither party from its free eqfoyment. Therefore, our right was good under tbe Constitu tion. Our rights wore further fortified by the practice of thegovornment from earlier nnd better days. Slavery waa forbidden in tbo country Northwest of tlio Ohio river, hy what is called tho Ordinance of ITBr. ‘Thiit Ordinance waa adopted under the old' Confedera tion, and by tho naAAt or Virginia, who ownod and ceded tho' country, and, therefore, this caso must stand upon its own ■ special circumstances. Tbo. government of the United States claimed territory by virtue of tho treaty ori783withGrent Britain; acquired terri tory by ecaslons from Ooorgla and North Carolina; by treaty from F!.noo; nnd by treaty from' Spain. These ooquisi- lions largely extendod the original limits of tho Republic. In all of theso acquisitions tlio polioy of the govern ment wne uniform. It opened them lo tho settlement of all tho oitixons of all the Statss ot tho Union. Thoy emi grated thither with their propery of ovory kind, including slaves. All wore ous, mid otherwise capable of boaring (bo burthens and performing the du ties of self-government, when they were ndmlttoa into tho Union upon enunl terms with tho other Statos. with whatever republican constitution thoy might adopt for themselves. Undor this equally just and benefi- elent polioy, law and order, stability and progress, power and prosperity, maiked every step of tho progress or these now communitios, until they en tered os great and prosperous common wealths Into the sistorhood of Ameri can Shites. * In 1820, the North endeavored to overthrow this wife and successful poli oy, and domanded that the State of Missouri Bbould.not be admitted into tho Union unlees she first prohibited ilavonrwlthln herlimite, by her con stitution. After ablttor and protract ed struggle, tho North was dofoated in her special object; but her policy and position led to the adoption of a sec tion' in tho law for the sdmiuion of Missouri, prohibiting slavery in ell that portion of the territory acquired from France, lying north of 30 deg. 80 min. north latitude, and outside of Missouri. The venerable Madison, at tha timo of its adoption, declared it uncoils 1 ,Itution.