Newspaper Page Text
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ESTABLISHED IN 1843.
M. DWINELL, Proprietor.
JiVO. HIX BASS, Associate Editor,
lted from ?
Rejected Communications we cannot under
take to return unless the postage is sent with
them for that purpose.
Wednesday Morning, Sept. 5,1877
It is said that Ur. N. L. Angier, of
Atlanta, and Gen. Longstreet, of Gaines
ville, have entered the field as appli
cants for the United States marshalship
of Georgia.
Gen. Grant, on receiving the freedom
of the city of .Edinburg, said: “ I am
oo full with emotion to speak.’" They
may call it that in Scotland, but we
have a different name for it in Amer
ica. Emotion is good.
Gov. Tilden iB down in Kent, Eng
land, visiting the home of his ances
tors. He returns to London in a few
days, whence he will go to Paris. He
declines all public or civic courtesies,
and has refused a special train to Do
ver.
Tho Dispatch, of Hawkinsville, tells
of two seven-years old twin girls, chil
dren of James Jones, of Pulaski coun
ty, who were buried in one grave Au
gust 13. Ever since their birth, when
one was attacked with sickness the oth
er would have a similar attack. When
one died, August 12, the other was
sick, and the father said it would surely
die. It lingered until Monday evening
and died.
prefers ngliting the Russians to impris
onment in a London jail. The tele
grams from the East bring the news
that the Colonel has been assigned to
an important command in the Turkish
service. He is now Baker Pasha, and
in a very recent conflict he bore him
self with great prowess and daring, and
during the heated battle with the Rus
sians he had two horses shot from un
der him. Some fear is entertained that
he has been killed. We hope that, if
he still survives, he will reflect more
credit upon his new preferment than
he did upon his honorable position in
the English army. None ever doubted
his courage, but that is only one ele
ment of true manhood.
troops in the pass, but to the possession
of the pass itself. For an invader to be
able to hold the position he has taken
has the positive effect , of victory, and
so differs essentially from the repulse
of an assault made upon an army that
is charged with the duty of driving an
invader out of the country. Its effect
upon the Turkish operations must be
greater than can be immediately appar
ent. It reduces their effective force by
at least ten thousand of their best sol
diers. It wastes the prestige of their
finest force. It is, perhaps, not too
much to say that it has broken the
morale of Suleiman’s army. It is the
calamitous conseqoenoe of the vigorous
move to drive the Russians into the
Danube, which began with the removal
of Abdul Kerim, and it goes very far to
determine that they will not be driven
into the Danube this year. Moreover,
the number of battles like this that the
Turks can fight is not great, and they
could not afford to waste a single
chance. They have now dangerously
lessened the number. It is not percep
tible what there is to prevent the Rus
sians crushing Osman Pasha, already
distressed by their cavalry, and, his
army beaten, the defense of Constanti
nople becomes fatally thin.
iiakuenian to uayes.
Col. Tom Hardeman mounts his pen
and from the side door of his ware
house, in Macon, waves his hat and
bows handsomely to Mr. Hayes, who
immediately steps to the back win dw
of the White House and makes a low
and graceful bow toward the South, in
the direction of Macon.
Leaning his head far northward, in
ift and 5>laintive tones, Thomas says:
"Come, oh c >me, come to the fair !”
With overflowing emotion and regret
Lutherfoid sighs :
“Can't, oh I can’t, can’t bo there !”
The whole thing, however, was nice
ly done, and we feel assured that with
the combined efforts of Atlanta and
Hon. Thomas Hardeman, the fair will
be the great success it deserves to be;
notwithstanding the absence of the
President, whom we would all be glad
to welcome.
THE NEW CONSTITUTION.
It affords U3 pleasure to notico the
unanimity with which the press through
out the State agree upon the adoption of
the new Constitution submitted to the
people. There are many reasons why
this new instrument should be received,
and no reason, so far as we can discover,
why it should be rejected.
The rights of all classes are preserved,
and every man, white or black, is pro
tected thereby in the full enjoyment of
every political privilege.
The canvass upon tho ratification or re
jection of the Constitution can, therefore,
give birth to no real political issue, ex
cept such as may be made by Republicans
solely upon the ground of prejudice
against the work of Democratic hands.
"We hope that all opposition on this par
ticular score will be but small.
If the new Constitution is really a
better one than that under which we now
live it would be but nonsense for Repub
licans to oppose it simply because it was
made by Democrats. Let the work of
tlio Convention stand before the peoplo
on its merits, and by this test alone let it
live or die. It is to be hoped that those
who vote for it s,s well as all who oppose
it, wi” have a more intelligent and man
ly reason for their course than merely the
reason of party and political bias.
The Constitution should be read and
understood by the people and acting
knowingly they will be prepared to act
wisely. It i3 our purpose to notico here
after the provisions of the new Consti
tution in detail, but now will only
prophesy its adoption- by an overwhelm
ing majority.
results of the Russi an victory.
Suleiman Pasha’s despernte attempt
i storm the Schipka pass, and his dis-
. strous failure, says the New York
Herald, is the greatest event of tho war
in Europe, an immeasurable calamity
to the Ottoman cause, and a propor
tionate advantage to the inyaders. It
belittles the battle at Plevna, not be
cause the losses were greater, but be
cause the strategic consequences are in
finitely more important. At Plevna
their victory bad for the Ottomans no
other advantage than the strictly nega
tive one that it enabled them to hold
the ground they held before and con
tinue their defensive attitude. For the
Russians it had no disadvantage save
the actual losses of killed and wounded
in the battle. It did not disturb their
communications, and did not compel
them to abandon any position essential
to their operations. Rather it corrected
their operations by showing that ex
travagant movements were dangerous.
But the defeat of Suleiman Pasha has re
lieved the invaders of an imminent
danger, in regard not merely to the
"Washington Correspondence,
■Washington, D. C., Aug. 31.
The overt act of Mr. Cornell in presid
ing over the deliberations of a recent con
vention, leaves the President no alterna
tive in the premises except to lop off his
mutinous head. At least that is the con
clusion arrived at by the commentators
here, who have watched this quiet con
test between tbe chief and his subordinate
from its inception. Of course Mr. Conk
lins o.o/llln.I n,I«K l,--I— *- 1
the contumacious Naval Officer to thus
throw down the gauntlet; and the Re
publican opponents to the civil service
reform aresupposed to tacitly sympathize,
at least, with Cornell. The Tennre of Of
fice Act makes it the duty of Mr. Hayes
to assign his reasons for suspending him
when he nominates his successor to the
Senate, and it is supposed that the occa
sion will be improved by quite a number
of Senators to express their entire disap
proval of the whole business.
If the reports of yesterday and to-day
are reliable, it would seem that Sitting
Bull had either become tired of waiting
for the Commsssion or had got starved
out and concluded to give us a happy sur
prise by returning home without waiting
for a formal invitation from the “Great
Father.” Whatever the motive, the au
thorities at the War Department appre
hend nothing but trouble from the pres
ence of this implacable savage at this
juncture. It is obvious that his junction
with Joseph would very gravely
complicate the problem that Howard has
been trying to solve. It is feared that
in such an event no means we have at
hand could prevent the rising of the dis
affected tribes all along the frontier, nnd a
general war would result. And those most
familiar with our inadequate means of
meeting such a contingency, view its pos
sible occurrence with distrust and unea-
siucse.
It appears that some of our more prov
ident Custom House officials have taken
advantage of their position to turn a few
honest pennies outside their regular sala
ries, thereby incurring the displeasure of
Secretary Sherman. From investiga
tions very quietly conducted, it appears
that in the case of foreign arrivals wil
ling to come down handsomely in the
way of gratuities, their baggage and
personal effects were allowed to be
landed and carted away without even
the pretence of an inspection ; while that
of those ignorant of this means of evad
ing the law, too poor or too close in their
expenditures, was subject to a most rigid
system of overhauling. It is rumored
that many of those who feel themselves
caught, have solicited the privilege of
quietly resigning, and that they have
boon refused with a view to making ex
amples of them.
A meeting of prominent citizens and
other residents of Washington was held
last night for the purpose of organizing
“labor exchange” to relieve, so far as pos
sible, the unprecedented condition of des
titution prevailing here. Among those
actively participating was the Consul
General of Switzerland, Mr. Le Due,
Bureau of Agriculture, Mr. Bryan, Dis
trict Commissioner, and Dr. Cox, of the
Board of Health.
Agrarian and bread riots were hinted
at as a reason why those of wealth should
at once set about devising means to fore
stall their occurrence. A general willing
ness was expressed to contribute to any
plan, provided its efficacy was assured.
But the general sentiment was decidedly
in favor of a plan that would provide
work at fair rates of compensation, rather
than alms-giving leaving ignorant mass
es to become the creatures of designing
demagogaesand to plot mischief for sheer
lack of occupation. The large number
of discharges from the Departments, and
the general failure of appropriations for
public improvements have left our city
filled with idle, and in many cases, des
perate men and women. The movement
is timely, and it is hoped may result in
relieving hundreds who are involuntary
loafers. Knox.
The Cotton Trade—A New De
parture.
Atlanta Constitution.]
It is rumored that.there is to be quite
an innovation in local cotton trade this
Fall. The present system of street buy
ing will be no little ajjected if the plan
is carried out as it is proposed. It is
said that Mr. C. H. Strong, the well
known cotton buyer, intends to inau
gurate regular auction sales of cotton at
the warehouse of McCandless, Ellis &
Co., the auction to be conduced by Mr.
Ellis, who is an artist in this line. It
is claimed that the best means of find
ing the true market value of any com
modity is to advertise it, and offer it
for sale at public outcry to the highest
bidder. This is practically done now
by the present system of street baying,
for the farmer always inbuires around
and sells to the best bidder on Ms cot
ton. The proposed new Iplan is
the subject of considerable comment in
some quarters, and is regarded as a
good movement. If Judge Strong un
dertakes it he has the vim and energy
to push it through.
(Continued from first page.)
be, a city court, the Judge of said court,
and of the Superior Court, may pre
side in the courts of each other in cases
where the Judge of either court is dis
qualified to preside.
Section VI. Par. 1. The powers of
a court of ordinary, and of probate,
shall be vested in an ordinary for each
county, from whose decision there may
be an appeal (or, by consent of parties,
without a decision) to the Superior
Csurt, under regulations prescribed by
law.
Par. 2. The courts of ordinary shall
have such powers in relation to roads,
bridges, ferries, public buildings, pau
pers, county officers, county funds,
county taxes, and other county matters
as may be conferred on them by law.
Par. 4. The ordinary shall hold his
office for the term of four years, and
until his successor is elected and qual
ified.
Section VII. Paragraph _ 1. There
shall be in each militia district one
Justice of the Peace, whose official
term, except when elected to fill an un
expired term, shall be four years.
Par. 2. Justices of the Peace shall
have jurisdiction in all civil cases aris
ing ex contractu; and in cases of injuries
or damages to personal property when
the principal sum does not exceed one
hundred dollars, and shall sit monthly,
at fixed times and places; but in all
cases there may be an appeal to a
jury in said court, or an appeal to the
Superior Court, under such regulations
as may be prescribed by law.
Par. 3. Justices of the Peace shall be
elected by the legal voters in their re
spective districts, and Bhall be com
missioned by the Governor. They shall
be removable on conviction for mal
practice in office.
Section VIII. Paragraph 1. Com
missioned Notaries Public, not to ex
ceed one for each militia district, may
be appointed by the Judges of the Su
perior Courts in their respective circuits,
upon recommendation of the grand ju
ries of the several counties. They shall
be commissioned by the Governor for
.1-- * „r r...,- . , „a cUU ub
cx officio Justices of the Peace, and shall
be removable on conviction for mal
practice in office.
Section IX. Paragraph 1. The juris
diction, powers, proceedings and prac
tice of all courts or officers invested
with judicial powers (except city courts)
of the same grade or class, so far as
regulated by law, and the force and ef
fect cf the process, judgment and de
cree, by such courts, severally, shall be
uniform. This unformity must be es
tablished by the General Assembly.
Section X. Paragraph 1. There shall
be an Attorney General of this State,
who shall be elected by the people at
the same time, for the same term, and
in the same manner as the Governor.
Par. 2. It shall be the duty of the
Attorney General to act as the legal ad
viser of the Executive Department, to
represent the State in the Supreme
Court in all capital felonies; and in all
civil and criminal cases in any court
when required by the Governor, and to
perform such other services as shall be
required of him by law.
Section XI. Paragraph 1. There
shall be a Solicitor General for each ju
dicial circuit, whose official term, ex
cept when commissioned to fill an un
expired term, shall be four years.
Par. 2. It shall be the duty of the
Solicitor General to represent the State
in all cases in the Superior Courts of
his circuit, and in all cases taken up
from his circuit to the Sumpreme
Court; and to perform such other ser
vices as shall be required of him by
law.
Section XII- Turagrapn l. The
J udges of the Supreme and Superior
courts, and Solicitors General, shall be
elected by the General Assembly in
joint session, on such day, or days, as
shall be fixed by joint resolution of
both Houses. At the session of the
General Assembly which is held next
before the expiration of the terms of
the present incumbents, as provided in
this Constution, their successors shall
be chosen; and the same shall apply
to the election of these who shall suc
ceed them. Vacancies occasioned by
death, resignation or other cause, shall
be filled by appointment of the Gov
ernor, until the General Assembly shall
convene, when an election shall be
held to fill the unexpired portion cf
the vacant terms.
Section XIII. Paragraph 1. The
Judges of the Supreme Court shall
have, out of the tieasury of the State,
salaries not to exceed three thousand
dollars per annum; the Judges of the
Superior Courts shall haye salaries not
to exceed two thousand dollars per an
num ; the Attorney General shall have
a salary not to exceed two thousond
dollars per annum; and the Solicitors
General shall each have salaries not to
exceed two hundred and fifty dollars
per annum; but the Attorney General
shall not have any fee or perquisite in
any cases arising alter the adoption of
this Constitution; but the provisions of
this section shall not affect the salaries
of those now in office.
Pa. 2. The General Assembly may,
at any time, by a two-thirds vote of
each branch, prescribe other and dif
ferent salaries for any, or all, of the
above officers, but no such change shall
affect the officers then in commission.
Section XIV. Paragraph 1. No per
son shall be Judge of th9 Supreme or
Superior Courts, or Attorney General,
unless, at the time of his election, he
shall have attained the age of thirty
years, and shall have been a citizen of
the State three years, and have prac
ticed law for seven years, and no per
son shall be hereafter elected Solicitor
General, unless at the time of his elec
tion he shall have attained twenty-five
years of age, shall have been a citizen
ot the State for three years, and shall
have practiced law for three years next
preceding his election.
Section XV. Paragraph 1. No total
divorce shall be granted, except on the
concurrent verdicts of two juries, at
different terms of the court
Par. 2. When a divorce is granted,
the jury rendering the final verdict
shall determine the righis and disabili
ties of the parties.
Section XVI. Paragraph 1. Divorce
cases shall be brought in the county
where the de'endant resides, if a resi
dent of this State; if the defendant be
not a resident of this State, then in the
county in which the plaintiff resides.
Par. 2. Cases respecting titles to land
shall be tried in the county where the
land lies, except where a single tract is
divided by a county line, in which case
the Superior Court of either county
shall have jurisdiction.
Par. 3. Equity cases shall be tried in
the county where a defendant resides
against whom substantial relief is
prayed.
Par. 4. Suits against joint obligors,
joint promissors, copartners, or joint tres
passers, residing in different counties,may
be tried in either county.
Par. 5. Saits against the maker and en
dorser of promissory notes, or drawer, ac
ceptor and endoiser of foreign or inland
bills of exchange, or like instruments,
residing in different counties, shall he,
brought in the county where the maker
or acceptor resides.
Par. 6. All other civil cases shall be
tried in the county where the defendant
resides, and all criminal cases shall be
tried in the county where the crime was
committed, except cases in the superior,
courts where the judge is satisfied that an
impartial jury cannot be obtained in such
county.
Section XVII. Paragraph 1. The
power to change the venue hi civil and
criminal cases shall be vested in the su
perior courts, to be exercised in such
manner as has been, or shall be, provided
by law.
Section XVIII. Paragraph 1. The
right of trial by jury, except where it ‘
otherwise provided in this constitution,
shall remain inviolate, but the general
assembly may prescribe any number, not
less than five, to constitute a trial or tra
verse jury in courts other than the supe
rior and city courts.
Par. 2. The General Assembly shall
provide by law for the selection of the
most experienced, intelligent and upright
men to serve as grand jurors, and intel
ligent and upright men to serve as traverse
jurors. Nevertheless, the grand jurors
shall be competent to serve as traverse
jurors.
Par. 3. It shall be the duty of the Gen
eral Assembly, by general laws, to pre
scribe the manner of fixing compensation
of jurors in all counties in this State.
Section XIX. Paragraph 1. The
General Assembly shall have power to
provide for the creation of county com
missioners in such counties as may re
quire them, and to define their duties.
Section XX. Paragraph 1. All
courts, not specially mentioned by name,
in the first section of this article, maybe
abolished in any county at the discretion
of the General Assembly.
Section XXI. Paragraph 1. The
costs in the Supreme Court shall not ex
ceed ten dollars, until otherwise provided
by law. Plaintiffs in error shall not he
required to pay costs in said court when
the usual pauper oath is filed in the coart
below.
ARTICLE VII—FINANCE, TAXATION AND
TIIE PUBLIC DEBT.
Section I. Paragraph I. The powers
of taxation over the whole State shall be
exercised by the General Assembly fir
the following purposes only:
For the support of the State government
and the public institutions.
For educational purposes, in instruct
ing children in the elementary branches
of an English education only.
To pay the interest on the public debt
To pay the principal of the public
debt
To suppress insurrection, to repel inva
sion, and defend the State in time of wj-.
To supply the soldiers who lost a lig-.
or limbs, in the military service of i *
Confederate States, with substantial ar.
ficial limbs during life.
Section II. Paragraph I. All taxa
tion shall be uniform upon the same class
of subjects, and ad calorem on all proper
ty subject to be taxed within the territo
rial limits of the authority levying the
tax, and shall be levied and collected
under general laws. The General As
sembly may, however, impose a tax upon
such domestic animals os, from tbeir na
ture and habits, are destructive of other
property.
Par. 2. The General Assembly may,by
law, exempt from taxation all public
property, places of religious worship, or
bnrial, all institutions of purely public
charity, all buildings erected for and used
as a college, incorporated academy, or
other seminary of learning, the real and
personal estate of any public library, and
that of any literary association, used by
or connected with such library, ail books
and philosophical apparatus, and all
paintings and statuary of any company
or association kept in a public hall and
not held as merchandise or for purposes
of sale or gain: Provided, the property
exempted be not used for purposes of
_r m income.
Par. 3. No poll tax shall be lived ex
cept for educational purposes, and such
tax shall not exceed one dollar, annually,
upon each poll.
Par. 4. All laws exempting property
from taxation, other than the property
here enumerated, shall be void.
Par. 5. The power to tax corporations
and corporate property shall not be sur
rendered orsuspended by any contract or
grant to which the State shall be a party.
Section III. Paragraph 1. No debt
shall be contracted by or on behalf of the
State, except to supply casual deficien
cies of revenue, to repel invasion, sup
press insurrection, and defend the State
in time of war, or to pay the existing
public debt; but tho debt created to sup-
deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed,
in the aggregate, two hundred thousand
dollars.
Section IV. Paragraph 1. All laws
authorizing the borrowing of money by
or on behalf of tho State shall specify
the purposes for which the money is to be
used, and the money so obtained shall be
used for the purpose specified and for no
other.
Section V. Paragraph 1. The credit
of the State shall not be pledged or loan
ed to any individual, company, corpora
tion, or association, and the State shall
not become a joint owner or stockholder
in any company, association or corpora
tion.
Section VI. Paragraph 1. The Gen
eral Assembly shall not authorize any
county, municipal corporation, or politi
cal division of this State to become a
stockholder in any company, corporation
or, association, or to appropriate moDev
for or to loan its credit to any corpora
tion, company, association, institution, or
individual, except for purely charitable
purpose. This restriction not operate to
prevent the support of schools by muni
cipal corporations within their respective
limits: Provided, that if any municipal
corporation shall offer to the State any
property for locating or buildmg a capi-
tol, and the State accepts snch offer, the
corportion may comply with such offer.
Par. 2. The General Assembly shall
not have power to delegate to any coun
ty the right to levy a tax for any pur
pose, except for educational purposes in
instructing children in tbe elementary
branches of an English education only ;
to build and repair the public bnildings
and bridges; to maintain and support
j irisoners; to pay jurors and coroners, and
:"or litigation, quarantine, roads, and ex
penses of courts; to support paupers and
pay debts heretofore existing.
Section VII. Paragraph 1. The debt
hereafter incurred by any county, muni
cipal corporation, or political division of
this State, except as in this Constitution
provided for, shall never exceed seven
per centum of the assessed value of all
the taxable property therein, and no such
county, municipality or division shall in
cur any new debt, except for a tempora
ry loan or loans to supply casual defi
ciencies of revenue, not to exceed one-
fifth of one per centum of the assessed
value of taxable property therein, with
out the assent of two-thirds of the quali
fied voters thereof, at an election for that
lurpose, to be held as may be prescribed
iy law; but any city, the debt of which
does not exceed seven per centum of the
assessed valne of the taxable property
at the time of the adoption of this Con
stitution, may be authorized by law to
increase, at any time, the amount of said
debt, three per centum upon Buch assessed
valuation.
Par. 2. Any county, municipal corpo
ration, or political division of this State,
which shall incur any bonded indebted
ness under the provisions of this Consti
tution, shall, at or before the time of so
doing, provide for the assessment and col
lection of an annual tax sufficient in
amount, to pay the principal and interest
of said debt within thirty years from the
date of the incurring of said indebted
ness.
SectionVIH. Paragraghl. TheState
shall not assume the debt nor any part
thereof, of any county, municipal corpo
ration or political division of the State,
unless such debt shall be contracted to
enable the State to repel invasion, sup
press insurrection, or defend itself in time
of war.
Section IX. Paragraghl. The receiv
ing directly or indirectly, by any officer
of State or county, or member or officer
of General Assembly, of any interest,
profits or perquisites, arising from the
use or loan of pnblic funds in his hands,
or moneys to be raised through his agen
cy for State or county purposes, shall be
deemed a felony, and punishable as may
be prescribed by law, a part of which
punishment shall be a disqualification
from holding office.
Section X. Paragraph 1. Municipal
corporations shall not incur any debt un
til provision therefor shall have been
made by the municipal government.
Section XI. Paragraph 1. The Gen
eral Assembly shall have no authority to
appropriate money, either directly or in
directly to pay the whole, or any part, of
the principal, or interest, of the bonds, or
other obligations, which have been pro
nounced illegal, and null and void, by the
general assembly, and the Constitutional
amendments ratified by a vote of the
people on the first day of May, 1877
nor shall the General Assembly have au
thority to pay any of the obligations
created by the State under laws during
the late war between the States, nor any
of the bonds, notes, or obligations made
and entered into during the existence of
said war, the time for the payment of
which was fixed after the ratification of
a treaty of peace between the United
States and tbe Confederate States; nor
shall the General Assembly pass any
law, or the Governor, or other State offi
cial enter into any contract, or agree
ment, whereby the State shall be made a
party to any suit in any court of this
State, or of the United States, instituted
to test the validity of any such bonds or
obligations.
Section XII. Paragraph 1. The bond
ed debt of the State shall never be "
creased except to repel invasion, suppress
insurrection, or defend the State in time
of war.
Section XIII. Paragraph 1. The pro
ceeds of the sale of the Western and At
lantic, Macon and Brunswick, or other
railroads, held by the State, and any
other property owned by tbe State, when
ever the General Assembly may author
ize the sale of whole, or any part thereof
shall be applied to the payment of the
bonded debt of the State, and shall not
be used for any other purpose whatever,
so long as the State has any existing
bonded debt; Provided, that the proceeds
of the sale of the Western and Atlantic
railroad shall be applied to the payment
of the bonds for which said railroad has
been mortgaged, in preference to all other
bonds.
Section XIV. Paragraph 1. The
General Assembly shall raise, by taxa
tion, each year, in addition to the sum
required to pay the public expenses and
interest on the public debt, the sum of
one hundred thousand dollars, which
Bhall be held as a sinking fund, to pay
off and retire the bonds of the State
which have not yet matured, and shall
be applied to no other purpose whatever.
If the bonds cannot at any time be pur
chased at or below par, then the sinking
sinking fund herein provided for may be
loaned by the Governor and Treasurer of
the State; provided, the security which
shall be demanded for said loan shall
consist only of the valid bonds of the
State; but this section shall not take ef-
lect untu me eigiu ,..-r ..uireucy
bonds, issued under the act of February
the 19th, 1873, shall have been paid.
Section XV. Paragraph 1. The Cordp-
troller General and Treasurer shall each
make to the Governor a quarterly report
of the financial condition of the State,
which report shall include a statement*of
the assets, liabilities and income of the
State, and expenditures therefor, for the
three months preceding; and it shall be
the duty of the Governor to carefully
examine the same by himself, or through
competent persons connected with hi3 de
partment, and cause an abstract thereof
to be published for the information of
the people, which abstract shall be en
dorsed by him as having been examined.
Seciion XVI. Paragraph 1. The
General Assembly shall not, by vote, re
solution or order grant any donation, or
gratuity, in favor of any person corpora
tion or association.
Par. 2. The General Assembly shall
not grant or authorize extra compensa
tion to any public officer, agent or con
tractor after the service has been render
ed, or the contract entered into.
Section XVII. Paragraph 1. The
office of the State Printer shall cease
with the expiration of the term of the
present incumbent, and the General Afr
sembly shall provide, by law, for letting
the public printing to the lowest respon
sible bidder, or bidders, who shall give
adequate and satisfatory security for the
faithful performance thereof. No mem
ber of the General Assembly or other
public officer shall be interested, either
directly or indirectly, in any such con
tract.
ARTICLE VIII.—EDUCATION.
Section 1. Paragraph 1. There shall
be a thorough system of common
schools for the education of children in
the elementary branches of an English
education only, as nearly uniform as
practicable, the expenses of which shall
ie provided for by taxation, or other
wise, The schools shall be free to all
children of the State, but separate
schools shall be provided for the white
and colored races.
Section. Paragraph 1. There shall
be a State School Commissioner ap
pointed by the Governor, and confirm
ed by the Senate, whose term of office
shall be two years, and until his suc-
cessoi is appointed and qualified. His
office shall beat the seat of govern
ment, and he shall be paid a salary not
to exceed two thousand dollars per an
num. . The General Assembly may
substitute for the State School Com
missioner such officer or officers as may
be deemed necessary to perfect the sys
tem of public education.
Section III. Paragraph 1. The poll
tax, any educational fund now belong
ing to the State (except the endowment
of the debt due to the University of
Georgia, a special tax on shows and ex
hibitions, and on the sale of spirituous
or malt liquors—which the General
Assembly is hereby authorized to as-
segg — an d the proceeds of any commu
tation tax for military service, and all
taxes that may be assessed on such do
mestic animals as, from their nature
and habits, are destructive to other
property, are hereby set apart and de
voted to the support of common schools.
Section IV. Paragraph 1. Authority
may be granted to counties, upon the
recommendation of two grand juries,
and to municipal corporations, upon
the recommendation of the corporate
authority, to establish and maintain
public schools in their respective limits
>y local taxation; but no such local
laws shall take effect until the same
shall have been submitted to a vote of
the qualified voters in eaoh county or
municipal corporation, and approved
by a two-tMrds vote of persons quali
fied to vote at such election; and the
Genera lAssembly may prescribe who
shall vote on such question.
Section V. Paragraph 1. Existing
local school systems shall not be affect
ed by this Constitution. Nothing con
tained in section first of this article
shall be construed to deprive schools
in this State, not common schools from
participation in the educational fund
of the State, as to all pupils therein
taught in the elementary branches of
an English education.
Section VI. Paragraph 1. The trus
tees of the University of Georgia may
accept bequests, donations and grants
of land, or other property, for the use
of said University. In addition tirthe -n*b or officer?, may hereafter be cre-
pavment of the annual interest on the
debt due by the State to the University,
the General Assemby may, from time
to time, make such donations thereto
the condition of the treasury will au
thorize, and the General Assembly may,
from time to time, make such donation
to any college or university for the ed
ucation of the colored people (not ex
ceeding one) as the condition of the
treasury will authorize.
Par. 2. And the General Assembly
may also, from tinse to time, make
such appropriations^ money as the
condition of the treasury will authorize
to any college or university, not ex
ceeding one in number, now establish
ed, or hereafter to be established, in
this State for the education of persons
of color.
ARTICLE IX.—HOMESTEAD AND EXEMP
TIONS.
Section I. Paragraph 1. ThereEhall
be exempt from levy and sale, by virtue
of any process whatever, under the
laws of this State, except as hereinafter
excepted, of the property of-every head
of a family, or guardian, or trustee of
family of minor children, cr every aged
or infirm person, or person having the
care and support of dependent females
of any age, who is not the head of
family, reslty or personalty, or both, to
the value in the aggregate of sixteen
hundred dollars.
Section II. Paragraph I. No court
or ministerial officer in this State shall
ever have jurisdiction or authority to
enforce nay juJgmont, execution or de
cree against the property set apart for
such purpose, including such improve
ments as may be made thereon, from
time to time, except for taxes, for the
purchase money of the same, for labor
done thereon,' for material furnished
therefor, or for the removal of encum-
berances thereon.
Section III. Par. 1. The debtor shall
have power to waive or renounce fin
writing) his right to the benefit of the
exemption provided for in this article,
except wearing apparel and not exceed
ing three hundred dollars worth of
household and kitchen furniture, and
provisions for one year, to be selected
by himself and wife, if any; and he
shall not, after it is set apart, alienate
or encumber the property so exempted
but it may be sold by the debtor and
his wife, if any, jointly, with the sanc
tion of the Judge of the Superior Court
of the county where the debtor resides
or the land is situated, the proceeds to
be reinyested upon uses.
Section IV. Par. 1. The General As
sembly shall provide, by law, as early
as practicable, for the setting apart and
valuation of said property. But noth
in this article shall be construed to af
fect or repeal the existing laws for ex
emption of property from sale, con
tained in the present code of this State
in paragraphs 2040 to 2049 inclusive
and the acts amendatory thereto. It
may be optional with the applicant to
take either, but not both, of such ex
emptions.
Section V. Paragraph 1. The debtor
uLo)l IlltVP UllllivsiiLjr iv yrairo ut re*
nounce in writing his right to the bene
fit of the exemption provided for in
section four, except as is excepted in
section 3 of this article.
Section VI. 1. Par. The ■ applicant
shall, at any time, have the right to
supplement his exemption by adding
to an amount already set apart which is
less than the whole amount of " exemp
tion herein allowed, a sufficiency to
make his exemption equal to the whole
amount.
Section VII. Paragraph 1. Home
steads and exemptions of personal
property which have been heretofore
set apart by virtue of the provisions of
the existing Constitution of this State,
and in accordance with the laws for the
enforcement thereof, or which may be
hereafter set apart, at -any time, shall
be and remain valid as against all debts
and liabilities existing at the time of
the adoption of this Constitution, to the
same extent that they would have been
had said existing Constitution not been
revised.
Section VIII. Paragraph 1. Rights
which have become vested under pre
viously existing laws shall not be ef
fected by anything herein contained.
In all cases in .which homesteads ffiave
been set apart under the Constitution
of 1868, and the law made in pursu
ance thereof, and a bona fide sale of
such property has been subsequently-
made, and the full purchase price there
of has been paid, all right of exemp
tion in such property by reason of hav
ing been so set apart, ^shall cease in so
far as it effects the right of the pur
chaser.., In all such cases where a part
only of the purchase price has been
paid, such transaction shall be govern
ed by the laws now of force in this
State, in so far as they affect the rights
of the purchaser, as though said prop
erty had not been set apart.
Par. 2. Parties who have taken a
homestead of realty under the Constir.
tution of 1SG8 shall have the right of
said homestead, and reinvest the pro
ceeds of the sale of the home by order
of the Judges of the Superior Courts of
this State.
article x.—MiLrrrA.
Section 1. Paragraph 1. A well regulated
militia being essential to tho peace and secu
rity of the State, the General Assembly shall
have authority to provide, by law, how the
militia of this State shall be organized, offi
cered, trained, armed and equipped; and of
whom it shall consist.
Par. 2. The General Assembly shall have
power to authorize the formation of volunteer
companies, and to provide for their organi
zation into battallions, regiments, brigades,
divisions and corps, with such restrictions
as may be prescribed by law, and shall have
authority to arm and equip the same.
Par. 3. The officers and men of the militia
and volunteer forces shall not be entitle to
receive any pay, rations, or emoluments,
when not in active service by authority of
the State.
ARTICLE XL—COUNTIES AND COl'NTY
OFFICERS,
Section 1. Paragraph 1. Each coun
ty shall be a body corporate, with such
powers and limitations as may be pre
scribed by law. All suits by, or against,
a county, shall be in the name thereof;
and the metes and bounds of the sev
eral counties shall remain as now pre
scribed by law, unless-changed ns here
inafter provided.
Par. 2. No new county shall be
created.
Par. 3. County lines shall not be
changed, unless under thr operation of
a general law for that purpose.
ed or removed exoept by a two-thirds
vote of tho qualified voters of the coun
ty voting at an election held for that
purpose, and a two-thirds vote of the
General Assembly.
M.a»c~>.- jjjsste »— m
Par. -5. Any county may be dissolved
and merged with contiguous counties,
by a’tfwo-thirds vote of the qualified
electors of such county, voting at
election held for that purpoee.
Section II. Paragraph 1. The coun
ty officers shall be elected by the qual
ified voters of their respective counties,
or districts, and shall hold their offices
for-two years. They shall be removed
on conviction for malpractice in office,
and no person Bhall be eligible to any
of the offices referred to in this para
graph, unless he shall have been a resi
dent of the county for two years, and
is a qualified voter.
Section 3. Par. 1. Whatever tribu-
tetrn,
ated by the General Assembly for the
transaction of county matters, shall *
uniform throughout the State, and
the same name, jurisdiction and rem
edies, except that the General Assem
bly may provide for the appointment
of commissioners of roads and revenue
in any county.
ARTICLE XII.—TIIE LAWS OF GENERAL
OPERATION IN FORCE IN THIS STATE.
Paragraph 1. Tbe laws of general
operation in this State are 1 first, as the
supreme law: Ihe Constitution of the
United States, the laws of the United
States in pursuance thereof, and
treaties made under the authority
the United States,
Par. 2. Second. As next in authority
thereto: this Constitution.
Par. 3. Third. In subordination
the foregoing: All laws now of force
in this State, not inconsistent with this
Constitution, and the ordinances
this Convention shall remain of force
until the same are modified or repealed
by the General Assembly. And the
tax and appropriation acts passed
the session of the General Assembly
1877, and approved by the Governor
the State, and not inconsistent with the
Constitution, are continued of force un
til altered by law.
Par. 4. Local and private acts passed
for the benefit of counties, cities, towns,
and private persons or corporations, not
inconsist with the supreme law, or with
this Constitution, and whioh have not
expired nor been repealed, shall have
the force of statute law, subject to judi
cial decision as to their validity when
passed, and to any limitations imposed
by their own terms.
I’ar. 5. All rights, privileges and im
munities which may have vested in,
accrued to, any person or persons
corporation, in his, her, or their own
right, or in any fiduciary capacity, un-
'der, and in virtue of any act of the
General Assembly, or any judgment,
decree, or order, or other proceeding of
any court of common jurisdiction, in
this court, heretofore rendered,"shall be
held inviolate by all courts before
which they may be brought in ques
tion, unless attacked tor fraud.
Par. G. All judgments, decrees, or
ders, and other proceedings of the sev
eral courts of this State, heretofore
made, within the limits of their sev
eral jurisdictions, are hereby ratified
and affirmed, subject only to reversal
by motion for a new trial, appeal, bill
of review, or other proceeding, in con
formity with the law of force when they
were made.
Par. 7. The officers of the govern
ment now existing shall continue in
the exercise of their several functions
until their successors are duly elected,
appointed and qualified. But that
nothing herein is to apply to any offi
cer, whose office may be abolished by
this Constitution.
Par. 8. The ordinances of this Con
vention shall have the force of laws
until otherwise provided by the Gener
al Assembly, except the ordinances in
reference to submitting the homestead
and capital questions to a, vote of the
people, which ordinances, after being
voted on, shall have the eflect of con-
titutioral provisions.
Death of Brighaai^C]
By telegraph to tho New,
Salt Lake, August T 1 ""
Young died this a^’i
A long, checkered and
career has closed in -
ham Young, the recc
Mormon Church, and
remarkable sect.
under the inspiration of
whether coolly and persioS'V
taining what he knew to
fraud, he has succeeded in
mg wonderful feats. He
Whitingham, Vermont, Jun^l
and was, in his early ljf e ^ it
Baptist, being something 0 f,t 6
He joined the Mormons in iJSS
soon rose to be one of tie tw-l’1
ties, having been sent in 1835t *
the doctrine, then taught bvT ;
Smith, among the Eastern L ^
successful was he in this, and ^ •
lar did he become, that a ftp,H
death of Smith, in IS44 he
President. It was under h’ia lL j*
that in 1846 the Mormons mad
almost unprecedented piW ;
Salt Lake. Here Young him
aged the temporal affairs of L
government and himself as ^
both prosperous and flourishing
all was probably immensely wealth
by sheer force of will and i n fl ne * !
trod need the feature of poly Ka »,
the Mormon Church in 1852, i 1
same iron will, tireless vir"’ '
never failing astuteness, heiL, -
fully conducted the affairs of his*
ally constructed community -
converts, kept his people contemn
successfully resisted collisions * j
interference from the United Sto.
many respects he was a wonderfal-
but Heaven only knows what dan)
cankering secrets will be buiried i-
pulseless heart of the mightiest n
‘Latter-Day Saints.”
A Democratic Sonate ini
The Washington Star (Repaij
figures up a Democratic major*
the United States Senate in 1,571
says:
In 1879 one-third of the Senas,
out, and presuming that the po*
representation of the Nsrthen,
Western States will remain untbi
in tbe Senate, and that the pk
the Southern Republican Sm
Messrs. Spencer, Dorsey, Conover k
and Patterson, will be supply
Democrats, the Senate will theca
—Democrats, 38; Republicans, in
dependents, 1. Give the Dense
the Louisiana and South CaroIL*
cancies, and the Senate would sa
Democrats, 41; Republicans, 34:*
pendents, 1. The only way in ti
the Republicans can prevent a
cratic majority in the Senate she;’
is by securing an increased Seas
representation from the North: l
can expect nothing from the Soti
A San Francisco photographs:
taken a photograph of the c "
horse Occident, when he wa31
a speed of thirty-six feet perei__
a mile in two minutes and twenty-?,
seconds. Tho image of the has?
impressed upon the paper in lea
than the one-thousandth part of 1?
ond. The spokes of the sulky aa:
to Occident were taken sepansjj
that they can be counted.
ARTICLE XIII.—AMENDMENTS TO
CONSTITUTION.
Section 1. Paragraph 1. Any amend
ment, or amendments, to this Consti
tution may be proposed in the Senate
or House of Representatives, and if the
same shall be agreed to by two-thirds
of the members elected to each of the
two Houses, such proposed amendment
or amendments shall be entered on
their journals, with the yaas and nays
taken thereon. And the General As
sembly shall ’cause such amendment
or amendments to be published in one
or more newspapers in each Congres
sional District for two months previous
to the time of holding the next general
election, and shall also provide for a
submission of such proposed amend
ment or amendments to the people at
said next general election, and if the
people shall ratify such amendment or
amendments by a majority of the elec
tors qualified to vote- for members of
the General Assembly; voting thereon,
such amendment nr amendments shall
become a part of this > Constitution.
When more than" "one 1 -amendment is
submitted at thesame'time, they shall
be so submitted as to enhble the elec
tors to vote on each amendments sep
arately.
Par. 2. No convention of the people
shall be called by General Assembly to
revise, amend, or change this Constitu
tion, unless by the concurrence of two-
thirdt of all the members of each House
of the General Assembly. The repre-
sentation.in said convention shall be
based on population as near as practi
cable.
Section II. Paragraph 1. This Con
stitution shall be submitted for ratifi
cation or rejection to the electors of the
State, at an election to be held on the
first Wednesday in December, one
" crasand eight hundred and seventy-
seven, in the several election districts
"of this State, at which election eveiy
person shall be entitled to vote who
is entitled to vote for members of the
General Assembly under the Constitu
tion and laws of force at the date of
such election; said election to be held
and conducted as is now provided by
law for holding elections for mem
bers of the General Assembly. All per
sons voting at said election in favor of
adopting this Constitution, shall write or
have printed on their ballots the words
“For Ratification;” and all persons op
posed to the adoption of this Constitution
shall write or have printed on their bal
lots the words “Against Ratification.”
Par 2. The votes cast at said elec
tion shall be consolidated in each of
the counties of this State, (
now required by law in elections for
members of the General Assembly, and
returns thereof made to the Governor;
and should a majority of all the votes
cast at said election be in favor of rati
fication, he shall declare the said Consti-
tion adopted, and make proclamation of
the result of said election by publication
one or more newspapers in each Con
gressional District of thq State, but
should a majority of the votes cast be moBta *
against ratification, he shall in the same
manner proclaim the said Constitution
rejected;
South' Carolina is proceeding steadily
against the infamous ring that plun
dered her for so many years. Indict
ments have been found against a large
number of officials, one of them being
United States Senator Patterson. The
accusations include every orime, from
petit larceny to forgery, stopping short
only at murder.
BUIST’S
FRESH TURNIP
All Varieties, and Warm!
Large stock of
Paints, Oil and "We
dow Glass,
Together with
DRUGS,
Etc., Etc., Etc.
R. T. Hoyt,
Wholesale Druggis
43 Rroad Street. Root, t
janlOtw-wly
CMee Baptist Female I
Home, G a.
T he scholastic year begipJ
September 3, 1877, and ends Jane 21,-“
Two weeks’ vacation at Christmas.
Board and Washing—For 10 scholastic- 1
(40 weeks) $160.00. Boarders required V -
nothing ©xcopt towels, table-rtpkiDJci 51
soap.
Payments—Half in September,
February; or monthly, if preferred.
books, etc., should be left with the Prniafc I
Tuition, per month, $2.00, $4.09
cording to department ontered.
Apply for Circular to , _
R. D. MALLABT.Wj
Or, JOHN W. JANES, See’y of Boui
ag4,tw*»2ra
NOTICE.
N otice is hereby oiven teii3
Advertiaing pertaining to the office
iff of Haralson county will be done in tttV
Courier daring my term of office, uileo 5 ^
published to the contrary. „ . ■
ECWILS05, Sri |
Buchanan, March 29, 1877.
TOT ICE IS HEREBY GIVEN I Hi!*
“ Advertising pertaining to the offi* 6, 'I
nary of Haralson county will he dote > J
Rome Courier during my term of offic*.-
notice is given to the contrary. „
SN DAVENPORT,0r**|
Hatalson County, March 28, 1S77.
NOTICE.
La Fayette, Ga., February jV
HHHE ADVERTISING OF THE SHi
sales of Walker county will be dow
Rove Courier during my term of
notice is given io the contrary.
JOEL WITHERS,*
twwtf
rpHE ADVERTISING PERTAINING!^
Ordinary’s office of Walker county
after be done in tho Rove Cocries
present term of office, unless notice
tbe contrary. MILTON
LaFayette, Ga., February 2* 1S77._
ATLANTA MEDICAL COL
ATLANTA, GA.
rpiIE TWENTIETH ANNUAL OOPS^I
Lectures will commence October 13
and cloee March 1st. 1878.
Faculty—J. G. Westmoreland,
moreland, W. A. tove, V. H.
Thad. Johnson, A. W. Calhoun, J. B*
Banki; Demonstrator of Ansto®/’ |
Nutting. . . . nis
Send for Announoomert, firing-w
tion. JNO. THAD. JOH3S05,»
ang!4,wlm
iff ScM for Boys
-AT-
Cave Spring,
rpHE EXERCISES Of HEABSjjjl
and Female Seminary will be
it 27th, 1S7T. Tuition for the jeerev^I
.... Incidental expenses,$1.00. ®°jT,,i
obtained with the Principals ** ■
PALEMON J.JHS& 1 "
REV. W. C. McCAI>
jylfl,w3m.
Rome Military
THE EXERCISE 0 /.]
Fall Term of
eommenoe MondeJ.** d
— tod continue , 5
Terms. $12, $1* « * ,0 » 1 . ccor :‘°®. piC'
mant. Payable half in Adtsn - f p-
preferred. Dednetion* enly m*d» » r
sickness or remora] from »b« '
angle,tw-wSw E. J- *