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VIENNA, April 30.
Since the 6th of April, the Genoefe
territory has been the theatre of the moil
obrtinate and bloody confl fts. Battles
have taken place almost daily from the 6tti
to the 20th, the result of wh ch has been
glorious to the Austrians, whose fir.n cou
rage has ultimately triumphed over the
fury and desperation of the enemy. The
battle of Voltri, on the 18th, has proved
decisive, ami mull be fpecdily followed by
the fall of Genoa.
The Andrians are in pofleifion of all
the heights round Genoa, and of one of
the suburbs of the city. General Melas
conliders himfelf ccrtaiu of taking the
town, as he has dispatched from his army
a considerable body of troops to general
Elfnitz, to aft on the fide of Nice. He
ha 3 likewise sent reinforcements to mount
Cenis, to prevent the French from pene
trating on that fide. There are also nu
merous troops of reserve in Lombardy, of
which general Melas has not yet thought
it necertary to make use.
Before the battle of Voltri, general Maf
fena made the utmost exertions, to efFeft
a junction with the French troops under
general Souchet, near Finale and towards
Nice, but without success. General Ott
is now before the gates of Genoa, in
which city the French have deposited
many valuable effefts.
From the Aufirian head quarters at Se/lri dt
Ponente (a jhoit league from Genoa) Apil
31.
On the Bth infiant, the French were
entirely defeated by a general attack of
the Andrians, under the walls of Genoa.
Our head-quarters were removed the
night following to Voltri, and yefterdav
were transferred hither. The battle was
terrible—the enemy defended themfclves
with the furv of desperation ; but in the
beginning of the aftion their centre was
separated. Even, to day the mountains
round Genoa are covered with dead bo
dies. Mafiena with the remains of his
late powerful army, is (hut up in the
familhed city of Genoa. The 18th of
April decided both his fate and that of
Genoa. Ycfterday he made a proposal to
let at liberty 300 Austrian prisoners, hav
ing no provtfions for them, which was
accepted. As soon as the battering artil
lery shall be landed from the English fliips,
Genoa roust fall, and Mafiena with the
12000 men he (till has with him, surrender.
Yefterdav arrived a courier from field mar-
Ihil Elfnitz, with an account that the
Fr.-ncii had attacked him on the 19th near
Fi sale, but were reported with great loss.
The citadel of Savona must soon surren
der for want of provisions. The greater
part of our cavalry is encamped near A
qui. The English closely blockaded, the
sea coast, and with their gun boats, on the
10th, did great damtge to the French in
their retreat from Varragio to Voltri.
GENOA, April 26.
“ The retreat of the French into Genoa
mav be dated from the 27111 Germinal
(16th April). Before that period they
occupied the strong positions upon the
heights, which command that place—
They maintained the contest with the
greatest ficrcenels againl! the division of
Bi llegarde, upon the Armatta; agamft
the column of Compre de Paley, com
manding in person by the general in chief
Melas, upon the Mount Fevale ; again)!
the corps of General St. Julien, upon the
lummit of Moglie ; again!! general Latter
riaux, upon the heights of Arbizolla; a
gamft general Ott, upon the Dentedel-
Fevale. Mafiena appeared every where
animating his troops by the example of
his intrepidity. It was, beyond every
tiling, upon Mount Fevale, and 011 the
polition of Cabanedi-Voltri, the battle
was terrible ! Overpowered by numbers,
the French were obliged to retreat into
Genoa. Inftantlv the commander in
chief Melas detached count St. Julien to
reinforce the besiegers of Savona, and gave
orders to the brigades of Bantano and
Bellegarde to proceed to the fuccour of
general Elfnitz, towards Saint Giacomo,
when the French, ported on this fide of
Sivona, prefled forward brilkly. A little
before the arrival of these reinforcements,
this corps of French troops, separated
from Mafiena, made immediate efforts to
open a palfige towards Genoa, and to unite
themselves with the commander in chief.
The Austrian general, charged to oppose
them, laid that he could not deferibe the
furv and delpair which animated them.
The following is the position of general
Mein's army before Genoa, since the,bat
tle of Voltri ; —General Gottelbeirm oc
cupies Mount Fafcio; the field imßul
lieutenant Ott, the back of
Guardia; the third brigade of Sockea
Weeber and Barty, are upon (lie heights
which Itretch to rhe lea befote Selbi.
The advanced ports extend on one fide to ,
Bifingno, and the other to Cotnagiiano
and be. Pierra d'Arena.”
CONTINUATION OF
Latest Foreign Intelligence,
Received via New- York.
LEGHORN, April n.
A number of French prisoners of war
are arrived here from Egypt, and have
been conveyed to the military hospital, to
perforin quarantine, and to await the de
cision of their fate. Admiral lord Keith,
uninformed whether his government has
consented to the capitulation concluded
between the Grand Vizier and general
Kleber, has sent a courier to London for
inrtruftions.
English (hips of war are now cruizing
in every part of the Mediterranean, and
make a great many prizes.
STUTGARD, April 23.
Letters from JatTy fav, that a Ruffian
corps of more than 50.000 men is collec
ted on the frontiers of Moldavia, which
will receive reinforcements. The mo
tive for collefting these troops is no>
known ; but it is fuppoied that the sub
lime Porte lias requested succors of the
. emperor of Rullia, againrt Pafwan Oglu
and other European pachas who refufe to
acknowledge the authority of the Grand
Seignior.
HAGUE, April 30.
A camp of 10.000 men is formed be
tween Maertricht and Breda, comnofed of
troops belonging to the armv in Batavia.
They will be in readiness to repair to the
Rhine, or to any parts of the coal! of Bel
gium or Batavia, where their presence may
be deemed necellary.
BOSTON, July 4.
From the frequent mention that Jtffer
fon was the author of the Declaration of
Independence—ignorant people might be
led to doubt whether others, who were
etfeemed patriots, approved of the mea
sure. If Jefferfon penned the Declara
tion, it probably was an accidental honor
in the arrangement of committees, and
every other member of Congress would
have been proud of the talk—The follow
ing letter from the person who is now
Prelident of the United .States, was writ
ten the day after that Declaration was
made.—The fervour of sentiment and
language would authorife a strong presump
tion of the constant fidelity of the writer
to his principles.
“ Philadelphia, July 5, 1776.
“ Yesterday the greatest qtieftion was
decided, which was ever debated in Amer
ica ; and a greater perhaps, never was, or
will be, decided among men. A resolu
tion was parted without one dirtenring
colonv, « THAT THESE UNITED
COLONIES ARE, AND OF RIGHT
OUGHT TO BE FREE AND INDE
PENDENT s T ATES.”
“ The day is parted—The Fourth dav
of July, 1776, will be a memorable epo
cha in the hillorv of America. lam apt
to believe it will be celebrated by fucreed
ing generations as the great anniverjary fef
tival. It ought to be commemorated as the
day of deliverance by foiemn afts of devo
tion to Almighty God. It ought to be
solemnized with pomp, flmws, games,
sports, guns, bells, bonfires, and illumina
tions, from one end of this continent to
the other, from this time forward forever.
You will think me transported with en
thusiasm; but lam not. I am well a
ware of the toil and blood and treasure.
that it will coil us to maintain this deciara
tion, and tupport and defend these Bates ;
yet thiou ,h all the gloom, I can fee the
rays of light and glory—l can fee the er»<
ismore than worth all the means; and that
posterity will triumph although you and
I may rue, which I hope we shall not.
I am, &c.
JOHN ADAMS.
July 9.
Late Foreign Intelligence.
Receivedyefterdesy, by the Franklin. Walker ,
45 days from London.—Englijh dates to the
20 th May.
PARIS, May 6.
General De folks to the Minifler of War.
Head-quarters SchafF.iaufen, May 2
Citizen Minister,
Our continual movements since the
25*h of April having had for their obieft
the uniting of the army on its right, l did
not thick fit to acquaint you with the re
iult until after the operation should be
completely terminated.
The general in chief, in confequencc
of the orders which he had received from
government to commence the campaign,
; determined to manoeuvre in front on the
Rhine, and ir. the rear on the defiles of the
Slack Forest, in order to ur.ite his armv
about SchafFhaufen and Sn etlingen. Jt
aa 3 necessary to continue these operations
so as to avoid any doubtful engagements
m leveral days marching ; which was the
more difficult on account of the defiies
which we had to traverse, on account of
the pafiage of the Rhine which was to be
effected, and of the central pufition of the
enemy at Denauefchingen, which enabled
ihem to bear more quickly than we could,
with all their forces, on any of the points
of the line that we might menace.
The general in chief ordered lieutenant
general bt. Suzanne to commence the ope
ra! ions on the morning of the 25th, by
marching from Kehl again ft OfFenbourg :
and lieus. general St. Cyr w»as ciirefted to
proceed by Old Brifac against Fribourg.—
Gen. St. Suzanne, after a very brilk aftion
repuifed the enemy to OfFenbourg, took a
piece of cannon and about one hundred
prisoners. His right took a position at
B deveyer, Velaflen, and Appenvir, and
his left at Vilftett, Griefen and Landt.—
In this engagement he had to regret the
loss of citizen Dubois-Crance, chief of
brigade of the Ift regiment of Chaffeurs,
a very diftinguithed officer.
Gen. St. Cyr took his position at Fri
bourg, driving every thing he met before
him. The fame day the general in chief
ordered to pass by Bade a division of the
corps of reserve, commanded by general
Rictiepanfe, who took Schel
iingen, and on the Deboiiche de Kanders.
On the 26th, gen. St. Susanne remained
in his position, and general St. Cyr affium
ed a menacing appearance in the valley of
La Kinfig, in order to appear to blend his
operations with those of gen. St. Susanne.
That gen. received orders on the 27th,
to retire to Kehl, in order to return by the
left bank of the Rhine to Brifac, and from
thence to Fribourg, where he fliould have
arrived on the 30th.
Gen. St. Cyr, who hail orders to ad
vance from Fribourg to St. Blaifc by Tot
teneau, and to make rapid marches, com
menced his operations the fame day.
The two divifidns of gen. Delmas and
Leclere set out from Bafle and advanced to
Seckingen without meeting any obstacle.
Gen. Richepanfe had orders to advance to
St. Blaife, by the valley of La VeifTen, to
support the movement of gen. Sr. Cyr, as
well as to cover the right of the division of
Delmas and Leclere.
On the 2g s h, gen. Delmas forced the
position of the enemy, who were entrench
ed on the Alb, taking 2 pieces of cannon
and 200 prisoners. The attack and pur
suit were so rapid, that the enemy, driven
from these works, had not time to destroy
the bridge and form behind the river. Ad
jutant-general Cochorn was one of the firft
to pass the torrent, leaping on the (boul
ders of a grenadier. At the fame time
gen. Richepanfe drove from St. Blafe four
of the enemy’s battalions that occupied if,
and took 150 prisoners.
Gen. St Susanne took a position at Fri
bourg, gen. Cyr at St. B'aife, and the corps
of reserve on the Wutack. In this march
gen. Lerfet was (lightly wounded. The
lame day gen. Richepanfe united himfelf
with tfie corps de reserve.
On the Ift of Mav, general St. Susanne
was to march against Newftad and Leffin
gen. Gen. St. Cyr advanced to Smelin
gen, of which he took pofleffion after a
brisk engagement. He took some prison
ers and a magazine.
The corps de reserve pafTed the Wutack,
pushing the enemy vigorouflv.
General Lecourbe pafTed the Rhine be"
tween Schaft'haulen and Stein. This paf
iage was made with prodigious rapidity.—
General Lecourbe had combined his means
with such precision, that in an hour and
an half ihe bridge was thrown over, and
vithin three hours his whole corps had
trfken its position on the right bank of the
Rhine., The enemy refilled only in the
village of Buffingen. The result of the
engagements on the three points of the pas
sage is between 7 and 800 prisoners, a ma
jor, 8 officers, 3 pieces of cannon, and al
so the occupation of the callle of Hohen
wil, which fiirrencler.d by capitulation.—
The fort is aim ■(! impregnable, and was
urovided with 80 pieces of brass cannon.
Since the commencement of the opera
tions to the present time, the loss of the
enemy on the whole exteat of the line may
amount to about 1 500 prisoners, and 6 pie
ces of cannon.
The enemy appear to be taking poftef
fion of the line of Stockach, and the army
is now marching to engage them. Ir i?,
united, with the exception of the corps
commanded by gen. St. Suzanne.
I fend you a copy’of the capitulation of
of the fort of Hohenwil. All the gene
rals praise the bravery of the foldiefs, and
the zeal and intelligence of the officers.
Health and refpeef,
DSSOLLES. 1
EngiiHi official account of affairs on
the Rhine.
From Mr. Wickham , to lord Grenville.
U.m, May 8, x 8 o.
“ The enemy, by withdrawing their
whole force from the northeast frontier of
Switzerland, were enabled to unite a force
of ico,ooo men. The position of Stock
ach was attacked on the the 3d, with a ve
ry superior force, and carried with foms
loss on the part of the Austrians. At the
fame time the main body of the French,
commanded by general Moreau in person,
made a desperate attack on the Austrian
force under general Kray, at Engen ; but
after a obstinate conttft, and fnenheing
immense numbers of men, they were obli
ged to defilf. In the men time, thearch
duke Ferdinand, who had defeated a body
of the enemy who had attempted to cut
him off, effected his junction with the
main army. .In conlequencr, however
of the loss of Stockach, and the absence
of several confiderabie detachments, g.-ne-*
ral Kray found himfelf under the necefiity
cf withdrawing in a direction towards the
Danube. In the course of this march he
was attacked again on the jrh, in a i.m
porary position al Mofkirch, by the whole
French army, who were again repulsed,
afi«cr an obstinate conflnft and experieiyv
ing a loss much greater than that of the
Auftriaus. The French did not venture
to renew the attack in the night, or the
next morning. On the 6th the Aufirians
took a position behind the Danube, be
tween the Riedlingen and Sigmaringen,
without any opposition from the enemy;
and on the Bth had again repaFed that ri
ver, and were preparing to advance. The
archduke Ferdinand is reported to have
diflinguiflied himfelf particularly.”
It cannot be denied that the masterly
manoeuvres of general Moreau completely
succeeded in diverting the attention of ge
neral Kray from the actual point of attack.
The latter was induced to cpnfuler the
feint made by general Suzanne as the real
operation, and he was concentrating his
forces at D.mauefchingen while the French
were enabled to pass the Rhine without a
ny check, and turn the pofiiions of the
Auflrian army. The country to which
general Kray has retreated is, however,
more favorable to the effedtive djxplay and
evolutions of the Andrian cavalry, against
which, in numbers, difeipiine, and every
other refpedt, it is admitted by all military
men, that the republican cavalry cannot
make head. The French have been much
indebted for their late successes to superio
rity of numbers.
Austrian SticcelTes in Italy.
Admiralty-Ojjice, May 10.
Letters received this morning from ord
Keith, dated April 21st. mention several
important advantages gained by die Au
llrains in the vicinity of the city of Genoa,
under the walls of which place the French
have been obliged to concentrate their
force. In many attacks the fie of the
Englifii {hips was employed with confid
erabie effetff.
Dozening-Facet, May 10.
From the Honorable Mr. Wyndh am, to lord
Grenville.
Florence , April 29, iSco.
41 The latest news arrived this monrog
from the vicinity of Genoa, (fates, that
Maflena having been beat a second time at
Voltri, on the 1 Sth instant, was obiiged
to take refuge, with the remains of his ar
my within the walls of Genoa ; and that
all the strong ports and forts without the
city were in the hands of the combine !
powers, under the command of general
Melas and admiral lord Ke ; t'r O
(Private Cotrefpondehte.) «*T
Bv several couriers lent hither by gene
ral Melas we have received the following
intelligence refpedting the further opera
tions of his army :
From the 13th to the 17th the engage
ments continued without interruption.
General MafiVna made five different at
tacks with the flower of his army A ■ or,.s
of 6000 grenadiers, led by him in perlon,
had killed and 1800 made prisoners.
Madina was also in the hands of an in e
rial chaifeur, whom a French chalfturfii it,
and thus liberated his general. Mafiina
feeing that his troops were beaten in every
quarter, withdrew to Genoa wi>u 18, 00
men, the remainder of his army of 29 000
men, and is now entirely blockaded. He
attempted to eicape by lea, but was forced
by the Engiifh to return, when iie made
proposals to general Melas to capitulate,
demanding the free departure of himfelf
and his army ; his offers were rejected,
and he was informed, that, from the filia
tion of affairs, a capitu'adon could no: be
granted, and that he mu ft surrender at d:f
cretion. A courier is now hourly exceed
ed, with intelligence of the surrender "f
Maftena and the rest of his arm?, w'uch is
1 said to fuffer greatly from want of pro v Turns.