Newspaper Page Text
In the Superior Court, Georgia,
Richmond County.
NOVEMBER TERM, 1331,
Present—The Hon. John 11. Montgomery,
Judge.
His Honor the Judge, at the opening of
the Court delivered die following Charge,
to wi* :
Mr. Foreman, and Gentlemen of the j
Grand Inquest, assembled under the laws
< t our country, to administer Justice, ac
cording to those laws, it is the usage of
the Court to address a few words to ihe
Grand Jury on their duties, rights and ob
ligations. The importance in every case
of duly enforcing the perm! law of the
country, can require bat little illustration
front the Court; —We all feei and know
that'a refusal or neglect to eil'ect those
laws, wonldLpe to abandon the lives, liber
ties, and tneproperly of every citizen to
it the attempts of the profligate and aban
doned. Society is constituted, govern
ments organized, and tribunals instituted,
in order to call in the force of community
to vindicate, redress, and prevent the in
juries which Otherwise would be inflicted
by the strong upon the weak; by the
cunning upnn tiie well intentioned, or by
combinations upon individuals. The rights
us men in society arc life, liberty, nroper
• ty and reputation. The rights to the two
f*' iast, arise wholly from the law. The se
curity to the others is guarded by the. bui
lt arks which the law has thrown around
them. They may exist independent of ail
positive enactment; but they exist in a
stafr: of perpetual insecurity and alarm,
dependent on the will of the more pow
erfiil, or the will of the more artful.
Man, deprived of the protection of the
law, can form no reasonable expectation
of the future ; he lives only for the pre
sent moment, and must snatch a tempora
ry enjoyment, trembling, and with appre
hension. Imperfect as human jaws are,
and periiaps necessarily must be, it is to
. them we owe every thing we have, and
y every hope ol the future. Forcible as
•'> these reflections must be, under every
system of government, with how much
more strength are they applicable to a
country, where the laws themselves exist
only by the will of the people ? Here, the
Legislative power is exercised through
the immediate strength of the people, and
no .law can exist one moment contrary to
Ury'ir will Underother systems, the laws
are fastened on the necks of the subjects,
without their assent, and often contrary
to th'etr will. Their only justification
then will be their utility and their coridu
entemess to the happiness of the people
for whom they are framed Here, the
laws ought so he solely framed for their
good, and if they do not contribute to that
end, are repeal dat their will. In other
Countries 1 kewise, a portion of a-bitr «ry
power exists in the government, and
where extensive mischiefs are acted or
plotted, can he exerleu to suppress or
still them, llot in this country no such j
p iwers are, or ought to he entrusted to j
the Balers. Every branch of the govern- j
menl moves in a prescribed course, and
until die law provides a remedy, every
evil must remain remediless. How im
portant then, is it, that the law should Be
supreme, and that it should not only be
repeated, but acted on uniformly and con
stantly, a-sthe fundamental maxim of our
institutions’,trial this is a government of laws
and not of men. The laws for our di
rection are iif three kinds. The Constitu
tion, Laws, and Treaties of the United
States. These are in all cases, where
they apply, the supreme law of the land.
The Cons 1 itution and Statutes of the
. state of Georgia; the Statutes and com
mon law of England, imported with our
ancestors on the first settlement of this
• state, and adopted by our Legislature al
most as soon as the treaty of eighty-three
had enabled us to lay aside the swOf-d and
direct their efforts to the organization of
civil society, 25ili F -biliary, 1734. l!v
this Act of 25 February, 1784, it is enact
ed that tiie common law of England, and
such Statutes as were usually of force, are
declared to be of as full force as if the
same had been made and enacted by the
General Assembly until 'he same had
been repealed or annulled or otherwise
f altered by the Legislature, with the ex
caption of such as are contrary to the Con
sfidVion, Laws and Government, then es
tabk'hetl in this stale. A prejudice is of
ten , ode n oted to be excited against this
po-tiun'of the law, by giving it the name
of English law. Were Jurors invested
witn tiie right of Legislators, arid a propo
sition fnade to repeal anv portion of the
law, the answer to this sophistry would be
immediat -. The question would be not,
whether the law was derived front Eng
land, France or Turkey ; but whether the
law be useful or pre judicial to tiie commu
nity. But before a Judicial tribunal, no
such question c-n arise. It :s not the bit ■
siness of such a tribunal to make or re
pe.d lawsggbut to adjudge cases between
individuals, according to the rigit s arising
from the law prescribed by tne I.egUlu
,tore. 1 ite very first section of the first
ariic’e of the Constitutionrequires that the
Legislative, Executive and Judicial de
paHmentijcliouiii be distinct; each de
partment confided to a separate body of
magistracy ; and no person or collection
cf persons being of on a of those depart
ments, shall exercise any power properly
attached to either of the others, unless
expressly permitted by the Constitution.
Judges and Jurors belong to the Judicial
department. For them to refuse, on any
pretence, to execute the haws adopted or
enacted by the Legislature, is for ti.at case
to np-a! them. Thus they usurp a re- j
pealing power, and tn defiance of the Lon- j
stilulion, do that which can constitution- j
ally only be done by the Legislature. But j
I need no? extend these lemarks before an t
, intelligent Jury. They are obvious to the l
cun n>n se«s; of every individual who !
will taxe trie trouble of drinking upon the |
subject. Tie d uies ot Grand Jurors in j
this itate, relate both to criminal and civil ;
jurisprudence. -Their duties as a Grand i
jury are summarily laid down in their
o*lb. You are sworn as a Giand Jury for
the county of Richmond. You are there
fore confined to such off' neex as are com
mitted within the limits of that county.
You are neither required or authorised by
Jiw to go bey und those limits. Sufficient
unto each county me this evils existing
within those limits, and when you go be
vond them, you lose sh • character of
Grand Jurors, and the opinio..* expressed
are the opinions of a number ofrespectable
and intelligent individuals—opinions tes
pectable in all cases, and authoritative in
many, but not the acts of a Judicial Grand
Jury. You are “diligently to enquire
and true presentment make cf. all such
matters and tilings as shall be given you
in charge, or shad coma to your know
ledge, touching the present service ” In I
order to enable you to fulfil! the first part I
of the duty, ymi are not only to examine
with attention, and weigh with calmness,
the testimony of those witnesses which
may be sent up before you. It is also
vour right, where you know cr hear of
witnesses, whose testimony may tend to
elucidate the case before >ou, to send for
those witnesses and require their atten
dance. Ist Cliitty on Criminal Law, p. 315.
Os what shall be given you in charge, lit
tle dispute exists. But a difference of
opinion has existed wi'h regard to those
things which come within the knowledge
of Grand Jurors. My own opinion, is that
a Grand .1 tiror is bound tt. pres nt such
offences as come to his knowledge after
he is sworn; but that with regard to of
fences which have cotne to his knowledge
before he is sworn, he Stands Only on the
same footing of moral obligation as other
c tizens of community. 1 shall proceed to
lay before you the reasons for that opinion.
The words of the oath are in the future |
tense, and an oath imposing a future ob
ligation, cannot without violating the j
common rules of language relate back to a j
past occurrence. He.is sworn as a Grand j
Juror, and his knowledge is his knowledge
as a Grand Juror, ami not as an individual.
He does not take upon himself the duties
of a Grand Juror'until lie is sworn, and
official duties only commence with the
office. It cannot be tiie policy of the
law to draw from the body of community,
a number ofindmduais connected in tlte
social relations of life, and compel them,
under the most solcirin obligations, to be
come the accusers of their parents, bre
thren, children, and friends. To disclose
things confided Jo them under the strong
est ties of- confidence, and in the course
of the relations of domestic life. Social
confidence is of the fiist importance to the
happiness and well being of society ; and
such a construction of the oath of Grand
Jurors must, ii strictly acted under, break
up social confidence and create a system
of espionage more dreadful than the po
lice of tiie most arbitrary government tip
on earth. There, Spies are generally de
based men; but under such a system, the
more conscientious a man may he, the i
more certain would he he to betray, when |
a Grand Juror. At what time also would 1
this obligation commence*—Last week, j
last year, or does it extend to an huh finite j
length of time. If the obligation relates
Hack to any time before the oath taken,
there is no time fixed at which it is to
commence ; and each Grand Juror would ;
have to look back through the whole i
course of his life, in order to recollect j
whether at any time, by any person, an f
fence had been committed within the j
i limits of the county. The obligation there- |
j fore o! a Grand Juror, win, regard to of- j
! fences committed before lie was a Grand ;
Juror, is the same as the obligation of
other citizens. The Grand Jury, how
ever, as an official body, ate to take care
that tiie Republic receive no detriment.
If therefore, indictable offences are com
mitted, and no voluntary prosecutor comes
forward, they have the pow ,:r to enquire
into such offences—to send for wi’nesses,
ami to make such offences the subject of
presentment. With regard to many in
dictable offences, they arc prejudicial to
the community in general, but aiiiect no
particular individual.—ll.: who is affected
by the crin e, is a participator therein.
Bucli ate tiie off.iices of G miing, Ass. ays,
Trading with Slaves, &c. The laws tnere
fore, prohibiting such offences, depend
for their i ftioucy in a gi c.d measure on
the Grand Juries, '.vim are tiie i nly official
prosecutors —compounding felonies and
crimes punishable with imprisonment in
the Penitentiary, Sic 1) iejiing are crimes
in which the actors being participators,
vvWl not he prosecuted at all in general, I
unless the Grand Jury lake upon them
selves to prosecute. In many ins ances,
likewise, where a crime affects an indi
vidual immediately, iie may be unwilling
or unable to incur the trouble of prosecu
tion. In such cases likewise, it is the
right, and may be the duty of a Grand Jury
to present the criminal tu public justice.
All these cases must he regnlat d by the
sound discretion ol Grand Jurors. Ths j
only general rule the Court can laydown j
is thi3:—Tisai where in the opinion of
the Grand Jury,offences require prosecu
tion, an l no pros.cuter comas forward’, it
is the right and duty ol the Grand lury to
institute proceedings against such est. n
ders. The .Status counsel, your fellows,
and your own, you are to keep secret, un
less called upon to give evidence thereof
in som Court of Law in this .Slate. This j
obligation was I presume, originally im- j
posed on Grand Jurors to protect'them ;
from the resentment cf powerful individu
als. This reason does not exist in this
country. There is no individual in this
country so powerful, but that his resent
ment may be safely braved But there is .
no man safe from tne injuries of private ,
revenge. In Lie administration of crimi
nal justice, we have to incur the resent- j
mentoi the worst class of community. In i
inflicting the penalties of tiie iavv, we ap
pear to tin ir depraved and v.lialcd minds ■
to be guid d by some personal motive
against themselves. They eufertain the
fiercest resentments against those Who
are the mere o-ga'ns of the violated ordi
nances of society. Grand Jurors by tiie
secrecy of their ileiioeraLions, are pro
tected from the vengeance oi such men.
To attack a whole body is beyond tbeir
power; and to strike at individuals would
be often to wound those whose opinions
may have been favorable to the n. But
for each man to make kndwu his,opinion,
wattlJ be to have the opinions ot the whole
known, and frustrate the intent of the
oa h. You are therefore bound, that no.
thing which pastes in the Grand Jury in
the course of their official transactions
shail be made known unless the cause of
justice in a due course ol law roq tires
it to be disclosed.
You are to present no one from envy
hatred or malice, nor are you to leave any
one unpresented from fear, favor or affec
tion, iro n the love of gain or any hope
thereof, from envy, hatre 1, or malice, we
have little to fear. T> the honor of hu
man nature, men discharging an i nuort
aut official duty, ate seldom g tided by
the malvolSnt passions. By favor and af
fection, the beat men are often unconsci
ously guided in feinting their estimate
ot the truth of facts Th .sc affections
cherished in the recesses of the soul,
mingling with the most endearing recol
lections, S' iten the sternness of justice,
as heat liquifies the bard St metals.—A
| doming, beautifying ;"v! humanizing the
! private relations of life, they must be dis
carded when justice cl. mand* their obit
vion.—Acting in belts f of the public, it
is only f r tile public w e are permitted to
feel favor or affection.—The humanity we
are to exorcise, is a long signted, iron
nerved humanity, wiuch culsolf the gan
grened bn.b, to preserve the body which
scatters the fiower to fit' fortlt and ma
ture the ft uit. To be influenced by the
love of gam or atiy hope thereof, would
be the g. js-est corruption, and needs not
one word of reprobation from the Court.
—“ But you are to present ail thin,.* tru
ly as they came to your knowledge, to
the best of your skill and ability.”—To
do tliis requires the c-rimc st and most
deliberate investigation of the testimony j
j —That you betel the whole strength of j
f y»ur understanding to the investigation
I of truth; and that when conviction is
J produced, that you act upon it r.s you
would answer before the unerring tribu
nal of the Supreme Being. What quan
tity or kind of evidence may be necessa
ry to produce conviction on your minds,
j is impossible to prescribe, but in every
| case, conviction must be produced, lit
i the minor offences, as w ell as the major, a
| smaller quantity of evidence may be ne
i cessary in the one, than in the other ;
| but in all, the same belief must be the
j result, in order to enable you to find the
accusation true. In the delineation of
your duties as Grand Jurors, 1 wish I could
stop lure; but lam not ignorant that a
case of homicide may conic under your
cognizance at the present term, —It is
proper therefore for tiie Court to instruct
you as to the Law on that subject. Mur
der, is the killing of a bit man being in
the peace of tile State, with malice afore
thought, either express or implied.
express malice is that del he rut • in
tention, unlawfully to tike to ay tile life
of a fellow creature, which is manifested ,
by external circumstances capable of
proof.
Malice, shall be implied where no con
siderable provocation appears, and where
| all the circumstances of the* ki'ling shew
j an abandoned aid malignant heart.
Manslaughter, is the killing of a hu
| man creature'.without malice express or
implied, and without a . y mix lure of deli
i beration whatever—lt must be voluntary,
upon a sudden heat and ( assion, or invo
luntary in the commission of an unlawful
act ; or a lawful act without due caution
and circumspection.
In all cases of voluntary Manslaughter,
there must be some actual a-suilt upon
line person killing or an a h inpl by the
person killed to com nil a serious person
al injury on the person kitting. Provo
ea i /» by words, threats, menaces, «• cmi
i temptuous gestures, shall be m no case
1 sufficient to free the person killing from
th guilt of Murder.
iuv..Unitary manslaughter shall consist
in the killing of a human being without
any intention to d <s> ; but in tbe com
mission -t an unlawful ant or a lawful art,
which probably might produce such a
cons, qoenci- man unlawful msmner. Hut
j where such involuntary killing shall hap
j put in the commission of an -unlawful act,
which in its consequences naturally tends
to destroy tbe lift* of a human being, or
is committed in the prosecution of a fe
f nious or riotous intent, the ptTence'shril
, be deemed and adjudged Murder.
Justifiable Homicide, istl.e ki ling ofa
human b. ing in self detence, or in defence
of habitation, property or persou, agamst
oue who manifestly intends, or endea
vours by violence or surprise, to commit
a known felony—such a; Murder, Rape,
Mobfreiy, Bui gtary, and the like, upon ei
ther or against auv persons who manifest
ly intend, and endeavour in a riotous and
tumultuous manner to enter the habita
tion of another, for the purpose of as
saulting or offering personal violence to
any person dwelling, or being therein.
If a person kills in his own defence, it
in st appear that the danger was so ur
gent and pressing, that in order to save
ii-; own life, the killing of the other was
absolutely necessary ; and it must also
appear, that the person killed, was the as
sailant ; or that the slayer had realty and
in good faith endeavoured to decline any
further struggle before the mortal blow
was given.
In no case shall a person justify him
self under pretence of necessity, unless
j lie were wholly without fauft, imputable
j by law, in bringing that necessity upon
| himself
Drunkenness shall not be an excuse
for any crime or misdemeanor,' unleis
| such drunkenness was occasioned by die
! fraud, artifice, or contrivance of other
I person or persons, for the purpose of hav
ing a crime perpetrated; and then the
person so cm sing such diunkcnnes , for
j such malignant purpose, shall be consi
l dered as a plincipai.
i I have thus, gentlemen, laid before you
j the iaw on the subject of HSiniciue ; what
I the circumstances are of any particular
! case, t have r.o information. The facts
, are for your investigation. There ire
I likewise two acts of the General Assent
-1 bly which are required to be given j nt
i in charge ai the com neticeraenl of the
j ln*» By the one act it is forbidden to
j any person to keep, have, or maintain by
hitnselfj agent or ser ant, any common,
ill-govei null and disorderly house, to the
encouragement of idleness, gaming,
drinking, or ofhei immorall y. Ii is also
forb.dlen to any person to play or bet
at any game at card., do:, ch icks, or
billiards, or any other game at winch m i
uey has been, or m-y h tre at ter be bet.
Horse racing, foot racing, puchuig wi.h
quoits or dollars, shoot-rig with guns of
any description, used agamst an t-tv-my,
or any pi actable, civil athletic eierci.r;,
are excepted from ihs provisions of the t
act.
By another Act—Receiving of any
slave money, exceeding one dollar, or
any article of value without a lickel from
the owner, overseer, or empi >ycr, which
ticket must set forth the quantity of the
article depos'd of, is toroid ten.—This
tick ;t is n qiiired to be kept by the per.
son receiving the arlich, as the only jus
like uioii. The receiving of brooms, u t*.
keis mats, and such articles r > a. e k iowii
to be manufaetciedr and vended by slaves
for their own use only, is excepted
the provisions of the act.
Selling or delivering to any slave any
goods, wares, or merchandise, except at
the time and in exchange for such arti
cl-s as llie slave may be authorised to
deal in, is forbidden.
Slaves being found in any store-house
or tippling shop, alter the hour on nine
| at night, or before <lar break in tbe
I morning, or on the Sabbath day,-is to be
j belli a- presumptive evidence of the of
| fence lobe rebutted by the accused,
l We will now proceed gentlemen, to
i an examination of your duties rs special
Jurors on the civil side of this Court, and
endeavour to give Mich an exposition ot
them as is consistent with the law and tile
oaih you Ii tve taken.
The first maxim of the s\ stem of Juris
prudence under which we live, is, that
the Court is to declare the law, the jun
to find the facts—the court adjudges
what the legal l ights are of parties liti
gant. ’I he jury according to tbe testi
mony, to find to which of the parties
| those rights appertain,
i A vague muffin ex i ts, that a special
jury released from ail obligation to re
gard the law, decide each e-as, presented
to them accoiding to their ideas of ab
s'ract Equity and Justice—Pernicious as
this notion 1 is, 'and unfouhded as it will
appear upon the slightest examination ;
it has in it something flaterirg to tbe
pride of the human heart, and the love of
power, w hich spurn* all restraints to its
will. Those aspiia:ions after impossible
good, which play aioitml the heart in the
morning of life, and kindle the youthful
imagination, attend us in some degree to
to the close of our existence. We would
willingly have no evil in Society, and in
endeavouring to avoid inflicting individu
al pain, we lose sight of a general ptinci
ple on which the security of social I di
rests. In most cases we have but a choice
between evils; and in this case wo must
clmse between the hardship of individual
cares and general confusion. Suppose tbe
notion corrfct, and what is the. conse
quence? A special jury are bound by no
law. The Acts of the General Assembly,
the Constitution ,of the Stare of Georgij,
the Statutes of the United States, and
even the great compact of our Union, us
well as the Common l.atv, are to be set
at nought,whenever they may conflict wiih
the id--as of Kquity and lust ice of any spe
cial jury Tfiert would be in fact, no law
existing in the state, if a tribunal of the
la-.t resort is not bound to decide accord
ing ;o the f.aw. Bach special jury would
he a Legislature for that individual case
I be rule oy which they W*bre governed,
couiii only lie kuo.ru bv their verdict,
and that would form no rule for any sub
sequent case. 'I bis Would nut only be
exercising Legislative authority, contrary
to the express letter ol the Constitution,
but Legislative authority in the worst
possible wav. The rule ol if eison wouhl*
expire with the case which gave it birth.
The wot-Is of the oalh you have taken,
are Somewhat equivocal, but we must con
suite it iu reference to the duties pre
scribed to you. Vlie duties of Jurors are
to ascertain the troth of the respective
allegations ofPlaintiffand Defendant, and
when so found, to apply the law as laid
down by the Court In those facts.— You
are to decide equitably, justly, impartially,
without bias or prejudice oil either side,
between the partus,, according to your
opinion ot the evidence. Your powers
are derived from tjyc law; vour duties a?e
presetibed by the law; and there is no au
thority existing in this country, from the
President to the lowest police officer,
whose powers are no! bounded, pteset di
ed and regulated by law Within the li
mits laid down, your powers are extensive;
—the weight of conflicting testimony; the
crcdibili y of witnesses; in a word, the
truth or of the issue between
conflicting parties, are exclusively with
you.—These arc folly sufficient to exer
cise the sagacity, the j-.uie.nl attention,
ami'he soundest judgment of jut ora.—
For the due exercise of these duties, you
are. only responsible to God, and y our
own consci s The law has placet!
great trust ip special jurors, and as far as
my experience extends, in no hotly coijld
thaL trust be more" safely platted. I dis
miss you, gentlemen, tti your room, with
the earnest wish that we may ail act in
our respective splu-res in such a manner as
may promote the interest of the county
where we sit, and tin; s-ale whose law#
we are called upon to administer.
11l the Supcrii r Court of Rich
mond County.
NO\ EMBEtI TKIt.M, 1821.
Present—the Hon. John If Montgomery,
Judge
The Grand Jury brought in the follow
ing presentments, to wit:
The Jurors of the Grand Jury, impan
: neled in and for the county of Richmond,
- respectfully lender to the Honorable
1 Court, the assurance of respect and per
: annul esteem; and thank him for Ills able
Charge, at the commencement of the ses
sion.
The accounts t.f Financial concerns of
j of the county have b-cu examined, and
( without having ascertained the particu
■ la.-- manner in whicn all expenditures
have been made, they have much plea
: sure in finding a balance of upwards of
j eighteen hundred and fifty dollars on
hand, after allowing one hundred and
forty three dollars for insolvencies
On examination of the list of defaulters
in the payment of Slate and County
Taxes, the Jury discover, that although
\ in the aggregate, the amoiMt is not large,
yet the number of defaulters is very 7 great;
they therefore, recoin me: id to the Tax
Collector to furnish to tne Inspectors of
Electio is hereafter to be hoiden, an alpba
b 'ical list nf sue!) defaulters, that they
may not whilst in debt to the State, bit
suffered to exercise the iiriportant rigid
j of suffrage.
T'm City and County Goa', has been ex-‘
| amined by a committee from the Jury,
| who unanimously report, that fur cleanii
j nos. and good order, it is not surpassed by
j any in the State, conducing greatly to the
j general health and comfort of the Prison,
j eis §
We congrato te the Court and our
j Follow Citiz-.-ns at large hpon the tppa:
ent diminution of crime; judging f om tin
s i.i iess of the number of complaints
b i -re the Grand Jury upon which bil.s
bare heen found; and the .fury having ii
present.menta to make, of crimes or dis
orders wh.ch have to,tie to their know-
* *
ledge during the Term, other than those
Already before the Cent.
Tile Jury respectfully solicit (rom the
Court a copy of his ('.hares', and reiju st
that it may be publish jd, together with
these presentments, in the Gazettes of
the City.
Samuel h vle, foreman.
JohnS. Coombs, Jo-luta Danfonh,
,I.C. Winter, Joint tV. ilridges,
Twists, K. Bug",
1 tomy Hatcher, <i 15 Marshall,
H C <m.os, Co;h> Dickinson, *
ltiuh’d Tubman, ltslph Kotchum,
.Abr’ n Twiggs, Charles Lalmzan, „
John Casliin, \X.\V Montgomery,
Henry M.-aiiug, 1) Horry,
Jac .in O .nl'oi t i, James It sail.
On the n quest of the Grand Jury.—U
I is Ord rod, that the presen Itnctits oft ho
Grand Jury, and the charge of tile court,
ho pub kited in tho Gazettes of ihe City,
amt that the Clerk t i.uinli copies of the
same
(~Ti.leenfeam the JtFnutrt, )
JOHN H. M t.\'N, 'Clerk.
C-erh'i Office, Ist the. 1321.
a v i'uV Avnv.
ON C who ling by su.! experience
learnt the art ~f DUNNING,
offers his services to Merchants, Phy
sicians, Printers, Tavern keepers,
mill others, who ure pleased to em
ploy him in the unpleasaut, and un
thankful tusk, t* collect and liqui
date their accounts.-—. And in the
I mean time he beg* leave to obs< rve,
; that from iipivhids bf three years in
disposition, he Inis at I nit recovered
his health, and feels adequate to
Iransaet any eomwou business, but
the want of funds, prevents him go
ing into business, having lost live
valuable servants by death nut of
seven. His wife who has been sick
fur upwards of three years and is
now en.lijßid to h r Irnd, and losing
up w 1 1 ds ui i hree ; lionsaml dollars, lit
building and repairs at ll.c Quaker
Springs, wit h ike expenses ol'iravel
ingto the ditto rear Inlands L y Miueral
Springs it ml sustaining inner losses
mid bring poor, has put poor Pn.L
Cl ihmoi in the hark ground, he there
lurt oilers his services ns a l„tk>, to
all those whose feelings are too nice,
or dout like the trouble ■ f collecting
or liquidating th eir account m-mo
derate commission. Pled •. ng him-
Acll ns a Man and a Mason, that eve
ry thing trusted l« Ids care, shall be
, Strictly attended to, with the ut
most punctual, ty, and returns of his
) success be made us often us re
i quested.
lie has already commenced the
j collection for the former I'Milors of
: the Chronicle-Office, and observes,
tic shall call once on nil those iu
! deb ted to said Office, und if they do
nut pay or liquidate their accounts,
they will he called upou.by an offi
cer without further ceremony. He
I wishes farther to observe, that ait
1 those creditors who have not per
j seen ted him in his 1 11! ctinns, will be
! hislirst consideration, ufler obtaining
ti«canty m liiitainance for his family,
anil to those only has he the feelings
| of a grateful heart.
N* Durkee.
December 7 ifj ,
To Hu* Public.
A UKPOII l Ins been circulated
through this country, since the
j death of my friend Lewis 1,. Ham
i mond, who died at the house of
j \1 oody Jackson, hsq in Oglethorpe,
i on Ihe last day of August, on his
j <" Vugusta, that I,had claimed
I tt,, d lakcu away several hundred dol
i lars belonging to him, ns well ns his
; horse, which report originated from
; the false and cruel insinuations of
Mr. Hhulr.ck Hogan of the Hog-
Mouri .iin, to Mr. Jcl, son and others,
nt the time of M jor Hammond's
death, and have since been kept in
motion by Ja n. s Kid of O vinnett
in.iia i v, at il Lewis Elsey of Kdge-
I livid. South Carolina, alter they koevv
th I the report was entirely unfound
ed—The f Mowing certificate will I
hope satisfy the public of my inno
cence, and at (ho same time explain
the motives and principles of the au
j thois und propagators of tho report,
ehiiboru Thorn.
Sr
I At the request and in jus
j l ' Cft 1,1 Mr Seaborn Thorn, Ido f,ere
j by certify, that Major Lewis h. Him
mond, my late Copartner, who died
on sis way from home to Augusta,
in August last, left home as he said
| •“ »"5 alter he hail set out with not
| 111 or e than three or four dollars with
j him, and plso, that his horse was
«ent home by rny order after Ins
death.
H. W. I'ozcnian.
Gwinnett county, Suv. ta
. t 'Ve are authorized to an
j nouriee M jor SAM ILL LA UK., as
: a Candidate for the Office* of Clerk
‘ of the nupirior and Inferior Courts
ofltichmouo ; Out v,ut the upproach
ng riled ion.
N .veil.btr 0 38
t,r We are authorised to sta
tbat A. ljvoc, Ek|. will be A Candidate for
lie Office oc Uecciver of Tax Returns foe
liicljmoml c ounty, at Iht euaumg K>cLuit.
U-.usci i). Si