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Uffouick and liftieite,
EDITED
BY JOSEPH VALLENCE BEVAN.
FCBLISnSD EVERT
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From the Gporgiaiournal Extra.
OoyexnoT’a Message*
Exkcdtjvk Department, Deo. )■
Milleilgevillc, 6th Nov. JB2l. )
£tllov>~Cituens of the Senate
anil House of Representatives:
. You have again convened as the
representatives ofthe people, cloth--
ad with the authority of legislating
for the general good. Regarding
the period as auspicious, I. indulge
the hope that it will be zealously
improved in giving strength and
durability to those institutions which
it is the pnde and the duly eff every
patriot and philanthropist tocherish.
You have intrusted to you the des
tinies of a rich and rising stale ; rich
in her genius and resources, and
rising-in her consequence and im
portance as a member ofthe Union.
The constitution, in distributing
its requirements, has made it the
duly of the Executive to “give to
the General Assembly from time to
time, information of the state ofthe
republic, and recommend to their
consideration such measures as he
may deem necessary and expedi
ent.” In obedience to this com
mand, 1 proceed to Jay before you
such subjects as present themselves,
to. my mind, as being proper Tor
legislative consideration. In a slate
like ours, undergoing continual
changes on account ofthe extension
of its limits, much local legislation is
onidc necessary, which might other
wise be avoided. The leading
points to which your attention ought
to he more particularly turned at
this time, appear to me, to be 1 üb-,
lie Education and Internal linprove
mtnt. To define the objects, and
to trace the effects of these, would
be an unnecessary labor, because
they arc already obvious to every
attentive and observing mind. Hut
that the first should not he over
looked or forgotten, those who
have gone before us, have directed
in the 13th section of the 4th arti
cle ofthe constitution, that “the
arts and sciences shall ho promoted
in one or more seminaries of learn
ing and the legislature shall as soon
ns conveniently may be, give such
lurther donations and privileges to
, 1. ,I.Ul’ -U-.1 L
necessary to secure the objects of
their institution.” Here an obliga
tion is imposed, the wisdom of which
becomes the more manifest, when
we consider (he characters of those
who (bunded our republic, and the
concurring opinions ol distinguished
statesmen of the present day. But
a still higher sanction is derived
from the father of our republic,
who has said, “ that in proportion
as lite structure of government gives
weight to public opinion, it is essen
tial that public opinion should be
enlightened.” Under the influence
of principles like these, the endow
ment of a University and of County
Academies, has at different periods,
been attempted by the legislature.
It is a fact however, much to be
lamented, that our literary institu
tions have not as yet answered the
expectations of their benevolent
founders. The reason perhaps
may be found in a want of age and
experience, and in a disproportion
between the means furnished and
the ends intended. We have now,
1 consider, passed beyond the em
barrassments of the first, and our
increasing resources are sufficient
to obviate the last. The legislature
of 1817, acting under this belief,
appropriated the sum of 250 thou
sand dollars for the future establish
ment and support of Free Schools
throughout the state. This fund
has been increased by the addition
of lands designated in an act of 1818.
The system of free schools seems
to have been ingrafled on the ori
ginal scheme as suggested in the
constitution. While 1 consider it
more benevolent in design, 1 fear it
will be more difficult to be carried
into effect. With a view to a fur
thergnee of the plan, a committee
was appointed at the last annual
session, to prepare, arrange, and
digest a system for free schools, and
to report the same to the House of
Representatives on or before the
10th'day of the present month.—
Looking to this committee for an
examination of the subject iq detail,
I indulg the hope that such result
will be furnished as will operate to
the general diffusion of knowledge
amongst the destitute part of our
population. The resources of the
state when reduced to our control
will be sufficient to support the
most liberal encouragement of the
University, County Academies, Pri
vate Schools, and Internal Improve
ment. For the advancement of
these objects, resources were ere
#
ated and to these they 'ought to he i
applied.
You will discover from a report
ofthe Surveyor General herewith
transmitted, that fifty lots subject to
be drawn for in the last lottery, re
main undisposed of. toge
ther with districts 12 and 13, in Ap
pling county, and the very valuable
fractions and reserves furnished by
the lands lately acquired, form a
fund with which the Legislature may
conduct an extensive enterprise of
any description for the respectabili
ty of the State and the good ol the
community.
In connexion with this subject,
and in compliance with the request
of the Legislatures of the State of
Maryland and New-Hampshirc, I
lay before you resolutions of those
Legislatures relating to the appro
priations made by Congress for the
purposes of education. —These pro
ceedings arc so sound in principle,
and so ably supported, that I con
sider them entitled to particular
consideration.
Resolutions have been passed
heretofore in 1817 and 1819 direct
ing an investment of the Free
School fund, and the fund for inter
nal improvement in safe and profita
ble stock.—These resolutions have
not been carried fully into effect.—
The omssion has arisen in part from
the difficulty of finding a sufficient
amount in market which could be
considered both “ safe and profita
ble.” Although the resolution did
not so direct, yet I considered it
good policy to make the investment
in stock of the banks of our own
State. In looking to the condition
of those institutions, a great differ
ence is found to exist in the price
of their stock ; some at so great an
advance beyond par value, and
others so much below it, as to ren
der it equally imprudent to pur
chase either. If individuals re
markable for the prudent manage
ment of their funds, have well
founded reasons to curtail their stock
property, those reasons become
stronger when applied to this impor
tant appropriation. But the present
and future generations being deeply
interested in the product of the
Free School fund, it becomes matter
of concern that it should be so man
aged, as to be safe and productive.
How this is to be effected will he for
the Legislature to determine. By
an examination of the charters of
the different banks, it will be easily
ascertained which affords the most
security, and experience will settle
the question as to profit. I would
suggest it as matter of proper in
vestigation, whether the capital
stock of such bank, could not be so
of such funds as the state might wish
to dispose of in that way.
The Internal Improvement ofthe
State, I consider as an object which
well deserves and will no doubt
meet your serious consideration. —
The state has certainly acquired
that strength and maturity which
enables her to take efficient mea
sures upon a subject so immediately
connected with her future growth
and prosperity. The extent of our
territory, the amount and value of
its productions, its capacity to afford
a market for other States, render it
a matter of the first consequence,
that the facilities of intercourse and
transportation should be as exten
sive as possible.—The improvement
of our highways through the agency
of road laws, has had a fair expe
riment. This has been a fruitful
subject of legislation, and but little
benefit has resulted to the commu
nity. In fact, the difference be
tween the effect produced by the
present road laws, and no laws at all,
would not, 1 consider be very strik
ing. Whether the defect be ia the
law, or in the want of its execution,
the consequence to the community is
the same. Other states have made ad
vances in this department, highly to
their credit, but more conspicuous
ly to their convenience. Difficul
ties seemingly insurmountable have
been overcome, and points original
ly remote have been brought in
near connection. These great and
desirable objects have been effect
ed by the means of Turnpikes and
Navigation. In the first Georgia
has made no experiment, and in the
latter her experiments have in a
great degree been unsuccessful.—
These lessons however ia the
school of experience, will be pro
fitable, and we shall be able to pro
ceed more advantageously for the
future by avoiding the enors ofthe
past. There are great and leading
market roads in the State, which
might be subjected to the Turnpike
system, much to the|convcnience of
the community, and perhaps to the
individual profit of those who might
feel disposed to embark in such an
enterprise. 1 am of opinion that
such a work would succeed best by
the incorporation of companies, and
by uniting the funds and exertions
of individuals with those of the
State. In any plan of internal im
provement, much aid was anticipat
ed by the Legislature from the ap
pointment of an Engineer. No ap
pointment, however, has yet beenj
made. I lay before yon tbe corres
pondence which has been had upon
the subject, by which you will be
the better enabled to determine
whether the office should have been
conferred, or for the present with
held. For the past year no satis
factory survey could have been
made, of any of our rivers on ac
count of the continual rains by which
they have been flooded, The law
creating this office provides a com
petent salary, to attract the atten
tion of one of competent genius and
practical information, and none
other ought to be selected. Upon
his draughts, reports and estimates,
it is probable much legislation would
be founded. It is therefore the
more important, that they should
be such as to form a safe reliance.
A wasteful use of the public trea
sure has already occurred by large
expenditures on useless or imprac
ticable works, founded on loose and
erroneous calculations. The im
provements which are progressing
upon the Savannah, Tugalo, and
Oconee rivers, will be more fully
explained to you by the documents
herewith transmitted containing a
correspondence with His Excellen
cy the Governor of South Carolina,
and the reports of different boards
of commissioners. The policy of
that state seems to be liberal and
energetic, and I should hope that
none other will be adopted by
Georgia.
Proceedings are still pending in
the district court of the United
States, in relation to certain Africans
introduced into the state in violation
©flaw. For a time these proceed
ings were delayed by claims inter
posed by William Bowen and Miguel
De Castro. —Upon the dismissal of
these claims, it was hoped that no
further obstacle to a speedy decision
would have presented itself. But
while an allegation was in progress,
at the instance of the state, for the
purpose of a condemnation of the
property, a new and unexpected
claim has made its appearance in
the name of John Madrazo, seeking
a recovery of the negroes on hand,
and the proceeds of those that have
been sold. For want of such con
demnation, the resolution of the last
Legislature, directing a disposition
of the Africans, has not 'been com
plied with. This last claim having
been represented to me by the
counsel employed, as being prose
cuted by counsel, able and numer
ous, to wit: Messrs. Harris, Charl
ton, Bulloch, Wayne and Wilde, 1
have engaged the services of assist
ant counsel, Messrs. Davies and
Law, and directed an early deter
mination of the case. From a late
inUrviotv with Jiijge Davies,! have
reason to expect a decision on-the
second Tuesday of the present
month. But from the invention of
those claiming to be interested it
may be protracted still longer.
I communicate to you the pro
ceedings of the Legislature of the
state of Ohio upon the subject of a
contest between the Bank of the U.
States and certain officers of that
state.
The fund arising from the sale of
fractions in the years 1806 and
1807, has been so delayed in its
collection, as that considerable loss
is expected. For further informa
tion, 1 refer you to a correspond
ence with the Solicitor-General, of
this circuit, and with John W. Bur
ney, Esquire, a copy of which is
communicated.
Soon after the adjournment of the
extra session of the Legislature in
May last, as directed by resolution,
I wrote to the Secretary of War,
with a view to obtain an enlarge
ment of the instructions issued to
James P. Preston, Esquire, the
commissioner appointed by the
President to settle the claims ofour
citizens against the Creek Nation,
under the late Treaty made at the
Indian Springs. I transmit you a
copy of the letter and the reply.—
The commissioner proceeding un
der the enlarged instructions, has
been for some time at Athens, and
as I am informed, has acted on a
large amount of citizens’claims.—
Claimants are still presenting them
selves, and I consider it proper
that the commission should continue
open in this state or elsewhere, to
meet the exigencies of those who
have not come in, either from want
of information, or from the difficulty
of procuring testimony. It is mat
ter of congratulation that these de
mands, so just and so old, are about
to be ascertained and satisfied.
The Governors of Alabama and
Tennessee have been written to
upon tbe subject of a further ac
quisition of territory. ’ The sub
ject is deeply interesting to the
state, and to tbe individuals who
compose it. Until we stand upon
the whole of the territory which
we own and carry our settlements to
our ultimate limits, any general and
permanent system of public im
provement will be attended with
difficulties and measurably retard
ed.—Copies of the letters above al
luded to are laid before you.
A statement of warrants drawn on
the Treasurer, during the political
year eighteen hundred and twenty
one, and a list of Executive appoint
ments accompany this message.
Two statements, one by the Pre
sident of the State Bank, and the
other by the President of the Da
rien Bank, as required by resolu
tion, are in the Executive Office,
subject to your examination.
The printing of the Digest com
piled by L. Q. C. Lamar, Esquire,
under the authority of the state, has
been contracted to be performed by
T. S. Hannon. By the contract,
the delivery of the requisite num
ber of copies, was to take place by
the first day of March next, yet I
have assurances that the books will
be ready for distribution in the
course of your present session.
By the copy of a letter herewith
communicated, you will be inform
ed, that the Hon. Freeman Walker,
has resigned bis seat in the Senate
ofthe United States. This resig
nation is to be regretted, that gentle
man having been enabled by his ta
lents, and disposed from principle to
be serviceable to his country, and
to give efficient opposition to some
great and leading measures, by the
success of which, it is believed, the
southern interests would have been
materially affected. The appoint
ment of a successor will devolve on
you, and it is desirable that it
should be made as early as con
venient.
A question of some magnitude has
lately been submitted by the Legis
lature to the decision ofthe people.
A statement of the result you will
find annexed, by which it appears
that a large majority are opposed
to a convention.
Tbe constitution under which we
live has been in operation near
twenty four years.—lt was formed
it is true, when the state of our
country was comparatively rude and
uncultivated, yet partaking of the
republicanism for which our fathers
fought, it has led us to an elevation
from which we have a full view of
our growing prosperity. In these
i times of public excitement, I am of
opinion that the people have deci
ded rightly in not committing their
safety to the storm. It cannot be
supposed that this public excite
ment has escaped my attention, and
no man more than myself regrets its
: extent, and the painful feuds which
it has produced. This regret
would be greatly heightened, if, up
on a dispassionate review of the
whole ground, I could believe that
the cause of such dissention, could
be properly attributed to myself.—
The impartial observer must have
discovered the true source, and hav
-1 ing done so, must be prepared to ac
quit me of all accountability. It is
’ no matter of surprize that parties
1 should exist, for they are always to
f be found where the people are free;
and no evil is to be apprehended un
til they degenerate into faction.—
When this occurs, the public good
gives way to the unworthy feelings
1 of disappointed ambition. Amid
the struggles which have taken
place for some time past, we have
an honest difference of opin
ion temperately expressed, we have
seen the warmer conflicts of party,
and we have seen too, some of
the works of faction. The traces
of the latter are to be found in some
of the attempts which have been
made to disparage my administration.
Os this character, I view these pro
ceedings, which, in the pretended
form of legislative privilege, and in
language heated and indecorous,
express a censure of one of my offi
cial acts, as being “ a departure from
the essential limits of the constitu
tion.”—This act may have contain
ed too much of energy, and pro
duced too much good to accord with
the views and wishes of some, yet I
feel that it is consistent “ with the
unalterable principles intended for
all times,” and shall have no fears
in submitting it to tbe decision of
the wise and unprejudiced. I was
a Georgian before the constitution
was formed, and have reason to re
member some of tbe events which
gave it birth. 1 have witnessed its
growth ; and in its maturity was
called to administer it. I have done
so, with a conscientious regard to
its principles and the sanctity of its
character, and with a zealous en
deavor to advance the interest of
the community. That I may have
erred, 1 shall not deny, and from
error there are none exempt. My
constitutional term of service is
about to expire ; I return my grate
fnl acknowledgments for the digni
fied trust so honorably conferred,
and hoping that under the influence
of harmony and good feeling, yon
may legislate to the advancement of
public education, internal improve
ment, good order and virtue,
1 am your fellow-citizen,
JOHN CLARK.
$3“ We are authorized to
announce Capt, 1). BERRV, a candidate
for the Office of Sheriff for Richmond
county at the ensuing election.
Job Printing
Neatly ivxnted at this Office.
——*— 1 1 ——— ,
A Ta\r ol Spectacles 1
For the use of out Legislature, during the
present Session.
Extracts from an Article on “ Basllno,
by David Buchanan, Esq.
' (conclude!! ehom oon kbt )
One great inducement to establish a .
bank for the circulation of paper in place
of specie is, that it provides a cheap
instrument of exchange in place of a more
expensive one, and from the obvious ad
vantage of such an operation, both to the
individual & to the community, paper, af
ter it is once introduced,
to limit, and at last entirely to supersede,
the use of specie in the circulation of a
country. Such has been the progress of
paper in the currency of Britain. Specie
is now entirely excluded from circulation:
all that portion of our currency which
formerly consisted of the precious metals
has either been exported, or is stored up
by the bankers, by whom it is kept in
reserve, to answer occassional demands.
The necessary eff .ctof every system of
paper currency is, to encourage the prin
ciple of commercial credit. This is, in
deed, the foundation on which it is raised,
and the more widely the circulation of
paper is extended, the mote closely will
lire mercantile community be knit toge
ther by the artificial ties of confidence
and J credit. Wherever there is trade,
there must no doubt be credit But where
banks are generally established for the
purpose of circulating paper money, cre
dit must be augmented tenfold, seeing
that, in such circumstances, no one can
receive a payment without becoming a
creditor, it is an evil, therefore, insepa
rable from any system under which a cur
rency of the precious metals is superseded
by one purely conventional, that while a
useless expence is thereby saved to the
community, and while its capital also ac
quires an increased degree of activity,
the trading part of society are brought
into such a state oi general dependence,
that every man may be said, in some de
gree, toK rest upon his neighbour, and
the whole to rest upon the principle of
confidence in each other. The ban
ker’s notes obtain ageneial circulation;
no demand is made upon him for their
payment in cash, because the public be
lieve that he has property to pay them.
The banker, in like manner, discounts
the merchant’s bills, from an opinion of
his solvency, and the merchant, in giving
credit, is guided by the same rule.
Confidence, in short, is the charm which
holds the whole together, and while this
principle prevails, no evil will result
from this complicated system of credit.
Bank notes will circulate freely—there
will be no great demand for specie—and
the merchant will always be enabled tu
convert his bills into cash. In these cir
cumstances, every expedient will be a
dopted to spare the use both of notes and
of specie. The merchant will naturally
be anxious to reduce as low as possible
the stock of cash which he reserves for
occasional demands: in many cases he will
trust to accident for providing funds, such
as to the sale of his goods, or to his cre
dit with his banker; while the banker,
who provides a cheap instrument of ex
change in place ofa more expensive one,
and whose profit consists in lending it on
the same terms, has, in tike manner
a strong inducement to increase the cir
culation of his paper, and, trusting to his
credit, to diminish the specie reserved for
its payment. While the system is in this
manner strained to its utmost pitch, the
merchants managing the commerce of tilt
country with the smallest pos I quaiti
tyof paper, and the hankers circulating
the paper with the smallest pos i'de quan
tity of specie, let us suppose, that
from whatever cause, either from the a
larms of war, or from a succession of ank
ruptcies, the pr'mcitdeof mercantile con
fidence begins to fail, in this case, the
former ties by which merchants were con
nected with each other are now broken ;
the usual channels of circulation, by which
a small quantity of casli rapidly passing
from one hand to another, served for
transacting the payments of the commu
nity, are interrupted, and the money in
circulation is, in consequence, found in
sufficient for the puncuality of mercan
tile payments. The supply of currency,
however,in place of being increased, is still
futher diminished; the bankers, from the
fears natural to their situation, limiting
the circulation of their notes, and refus
ing to accommodate the merchant, as be
fore, by discounting his bills, and the
public, in their turn, discrediting the pa
per of the hanks. This general failure
of confidence immediately produces alai til
ing bankruptcies, many merchants stop
ping payments, not from a want of pro
perty, but from a want of cash; a run
commences on the banks forspecie, ma
ny of whom are, in consequence obliged
to suspend their cash payments.
It is obvious, from the very nature of
banking, that the stock of specie reserv
ed by and for the payment of such de
mands as may be made upon it, cannot
hear any proportion to the amount of its
notes in circulation; and that, if a certain
proportion of these notes should at any
time be suddenly returned for payment,
a suspension of its cash payments must I
be the inevitable consequence. This is
an evil inherent :n the very natuie of pa- i
per currency, against which no caution
can duly provide, since the profit of the
Danker is exactly in proportion to the ex- i
cess of his circulatingjpaper over the spe- (
cie reserved for its payment. 1
A bank, and more especially a national
bank, may be subjected 10 demands for ’
specie from either of the two following .
causes: Ist, From an unfavourable ba
lance of trade; or 2dly, From domestic i
alarm. i
1. When the imports of a nation exceed
its exports, a balance ol debt will remain 1
due to foreign countries; and in the conn- i
try which owes the balance there will be i
a greater demand for money abroad than i
for money at home. If the unfavourable <
balance of trade continues, the demand i
for money abroad, with which the bal- i
ance may be discharged, will increase, I
. and foreign money, or bills on foreign
bankers, will be sold for a premium. In <
3 this case, there arises a temptation to ex
e port the coin of the country, which, from I
j the state of trade, has become more valua- (
ble abroad than at home; and where a na- i
tional bank is established, whose notes :
•re convertible into cash at the will of i
the holder, it may undoubtedly be ex- ;
posed, by an unfavourable balance of ! i
trade, to demands for specie to aconside- |i
rahle amount. But, in the nature c
dungs, the dram of specie f ro n
this cause must be slow and gradual, am
where a bank has ample funds wherewid
to purchase specie, it can hardly ever, i,
tins case, be driven to the exceptional,
measure of suspending its cash payments
In hke manner, though a public bank
from an unfavourable balance of trade o
from a great expenditure abroad, may un
doubtedly be exposed to an inconvenien
drain of its specie, it seems scarcely pos
sible that tins drain cun be so rapid as t;
endanger its credit. It is not in the n*
trade to produce any sudden anc 1
unexpected crisis. The operations ol
trade always leave time fer some previom
arrangement, and they have generally
some respect also to the convenience o
all the parlies concerned. It is we li
known, for example,.that in the case of*
heavy accumulation of foreign debt.froir
whatever cause, the balance is mure fre
quenlly discharged by an exportation o
goods than of specie. The effect off 0
reign debt is to depress the exchange; at
unfavourable exchange, or, in otliei
words, the high price of money abroad
operates as an inducement to expor
goods; Vbe_ exporter, besides his usu'a
profit, gakfing an adilionalprofit equal
die difference of the exchange. It wB
always be übatr.ed, therefore, that a great
foreign expenditure is very soon follow,
ed by a huge exportation of goals, am
though specie may be partly remitted lb
its discharge, the produce of the country
is found to answer the purpose equally
well. 7
2. The drain cf specie to which a great
national bank may be subjected from di
pt cvalence of a general alarm, is i n ali
respects different from, that which may bt
produced by a great foreign expenditure
or by the fluctuations of traae. The im'
pulse given by panic is, in its very nature
sudden and instantaneous It general
ly terminates also, and that speedily, i n
some siulent crisis, If we suppose, there •
fore, that a bank, which circulate ;n
notes extensively, suddenly falls into d'.J
credit, that from some unknown cause,
sudden suspencicn of its solvency seize
all the holders of its notes, it is obj'mr
that all these persons, under the violet
impulse of tin ir fears, will rush at one
to the bank with notes in exchange h
specie; audit is equally certain, that alia
ever funds a bank may ultimately pi.ssesi
its stock of specie must be speedily «
hausted by such a sudden inundation of it
discredited notes. In this case itscas
payments must be suspended for a firm
until the alarm of its creditors be dissip;
led by a full disclosure of its affairs.
We have already endeavoured toshov
that the drain of specie to which an in
favorable balance of trade may subjei
<he bank, can never be such as to endai
ger its credit, because, in such cases, th
demand is neither so rapid ror so cons
deiable as to preclude the bank from prt
aiding the necessary supply of gob
Where trade is in such a state, imieei
the bank will be exposed to a cons der;
ble annual expence in procuring sped
The punctual and honourable discliarg
of its obligations to the public will fn
quently be found to be both inconveniei
and expensive, and its Directors will ni
turally be desirous to be free from tb
which increases responsibility, and dim
uisbes profit. But, unless in the cate of
general alarm, and discredit of banknote
it does not seem that a suspension of cai
paymentscan ever be necessary tot
safety of a bank. It deserves to be cam
dered also, that an unfavourable balani
of trade, accompanied by an unfavourab
exchange, is in its own nature of sho
duration. It is an evil which tends to r
cress itself; a large importation ofgood
necessarily leading to an exportation i
the same propoition.
■MnHnMMMBaHUUIU
Foreign Intelligence.
NEW YORK, November 1
LATEST FROM LIVERPOOL
The ship Orion which arrived yesterdaj
sare-1 from Liverpool; September 21st
Captain Davis brought no papers excep
Myev’s Liverpool Price Current h Ship
ping List of the 17th, and w e do not lean
that there was any political news. A fc\
letters from Liverpool as late as the 20*.h
are received. Tha subjoined extract!
will give a view of the market atthatdate
It appeals the weather had been such as
to encourage# hope that the harvest
would not be so much Injured as was fear
ed when the Heicules sailed.— Mer. Mv.
Foreign. —We stated yesterday, this
the Orion brought no papers. Since then
a London paper of the Ifiih Sept, and :
Liverpool of the 17th, have found their
way into the city; they, however, con
tain little information. The letters which
we give, state the prospects of the crops.
Com . Adv,
The king on account of adverse winds
had landed at Milford Haven, and travell
ed across the country to London.
The Rev. Blacnu, had been tried on an
indictment for a lible on the late Queen,
and found guilty
The Court of Common Council es Lon
don, are to give a public entertainment in
honor of the Coronation, to w lich the
king isjto be invited. Thai ks were voted
by lb# common council to Hr. Sheriff
Waithman, for his endeavors to preserve
the peace at the funeral of Francis and
Honey.
Prosecutions have been commenced by
order of the Lord Mayor, against the Lon
don Gas Company, whose establishments
have been declared a nuisance.
ft is stated that the water of the rivei
Thames has become unfit for use, aw
even poisonous,ffrom the effect ofthe fpi
water discharged into it. The river it
contaminated to a visible extent of W
yards from the gas stream-
The New Castle gas company, I' l ' 3
been fined four hundred and fifty P 0
sterling of damages, besides costs, and tn®
amount of the surgeon’s bill, for the inju
ry sustained by a female in the accident*
explosion of the pas works of the deten -
ants, by which a house was blown up, 8
a child killed, and the plaintifi’s wife ma
terially injured.
Three boys, mere children, were con
demned for theft in London —two ot the
were sentenced to transportation ■ 1
following is the address of the court to on
of them : “John Brickfield a mere boj
size, you are a giant in wickedness: i
a dreadful thing to see a creature ot.'
age in such a situation. It appears
young as you are, you are actually 1
teacher of a little gang of pickpotae ■
j fact which would require » certifies