Newspaper Page Text
- '
from thn New York Evening Slur.
COCHRAN’S MANY CHAMBERED
NON-RECOILING RIFLE.
This extraordinary invention ofn young
American!, native of New Hampshire,
and which is now being forlho first time
exhibited to the public, at the Fair of the
American Institute, Niblo’s Garden, do
serves more than a passage notice. There
are circumstances connected with it which
give a peculiar, if not romantic, interest
in the history of the arts in our country.
If any thing were wanting amidst the
multitude of extraordinary inventions which
have, for the last half century, been re
corded in the archives of our patent office,
to illustrate and establish tho pre-eminent
claims of our countrymen to genius of n
high order, it would bo that which forms
the particular subject of our remarks.
Mr. Cochran’s father wns a lawyer,
and afterwards a merchant of eminence in
Enfield, New Hampshire; nnd the son,
John Webster Cochran, was born there,
and who has invented tho species o( firo
arms in question, wns brought up to no
particular business. At the very early
age, however, of sixteen, he discovered 11
strong Issto and passion for mechanical
experiments, and was constantly occupied
in the construction of machinery, which
his father approving of, unlike many other
fathers, encouraged, and to further the
wishes of his son, expended several thou
sand dollars in his behalf, in the cost of the
different kinds of apparatus required.
When only eighteen, ho made the dis
covery in question, but did not perfect it
until three years offer. Ho then wont to
Franco and England, oml exhibited his
model cannon to Louis Phillipe and Wil
liam the IV. While at Paris to 1833-’34,
he wns requested hy tho Turkish Ambas
sador to explain it to the Turkish Minis
ter at London, nnd accordingly went to
Woolwich, nnd performed a series of expe
riments before the latter porsonnge, which
gave so much satisfaction that ho urged
Mr. C. to visit tho Sultan nt Constantino
ple, nnd for that purpose provided him
with the most flattering recommendations
to the Court of tho Sublime Porto. Mr.
Cochran arrived at Constantinople’ Fob
11 tli 1030, wns received with great dis
tinction, nnd introduced to t io Sultan by
the GrundjVigior. Mis Turkish Majesty
was highly pleased with the experiments
made with the model, told Mr. C. ha was
satisfied it would bo generally adopted,
and requested him to cast twelve pounders
on the same principles, lie was provi
ded with elegant apartments in Porn, rais
ed to the dignity of Master ofCunnon, and
furnished with ns many workmen os ho
required for the accomplishment of his
task, —The treatment in fact' which he
received, was equivalent to that of the rank
of an ambassador.
Mr Cochran, however, finding them
wa* no good foundry or mechanics, was
obliged to undertake tho work with his
own hands; and though not brought up to
the business of making machinery of any
kind, by dint of much labor and persever
ance made himself all tho neocssurv im
plements’ the angurs nnd tho wooden np
paratus for boring with horse power, and
the preparations required for procuring tlia
proper casting!. By good fortune he
scucoeded entirely to his wishes, and cast
mid bored throe cannon, two of one pound
each, and the third u twelve, pounde -,
which last was finished in a style ns per
fect as he could have desired- On the
14th September following, ho proved this
lust piece to his entire satisfaction, in the
jiroscnco of all the chief officers of the
Turkish government, who wore delighted
with its execution, and made a highly
Watering report to tho Sultan. He fired it
off in the presence of lljoso officers to their
utter astonishment 100 times in fifteen
minutes. The Sultan when ho hoard of it
would scarcely believe it, nnd directed
Mr. C. to perform the same experiments!
in his presence. Tho most extensive
preparations wore accordingly made for
this important trial, which was to take
place at Tarache, on the Erupean sido ol
the Bosphorus.
No less than 3000 troops were assem
bled nt this spot. The Sultan nt the hour
appointed came over from Ins summer
residence on tho Asiatic shore, rowed in
one of his splendid caiques, and preceded
by a long lino of other bents of tho same
description. The one which announced
the approach of the Sultan was manned
by 40 oarsmen, and came with even more
lightning speed than that which his august
highness himself was seated. As tho lat
ter was seen nearing the wars, Mr. Coch
ran, at the suggestion of Mali Pacha, the
Sultan’s son-in-law, and commander in
chief of the land forces, fired oil* a salute
ol 21 guns (the customary number) with
experimental cannon which consumed less
than 3 minutes, and struck tho assembled
niiltitudo with tho utmost amazement. As
the Sultan nt this moment stepped on the
wharf, Mali, accompanied by tho Grand
Vizier nnd other dignitaries, ran to his
majesty, and the former making the usual
salaam of kissing the Sultan’s foot, an
nounced to him with leclings of exultation
that could scarcely bo repressed, tho
wonderful success of the machine cannon,
as they appropriately named it. The
Sultan arrived at his lent, then sent for tho
master of the camion, tho title which was
given to Mr. Cochran, nnd aflor a short
conference with him, in which Mr. C. con.
versed chiefly in the Turkish language,
which ho had partially acquired, the Sul
tan renewing his expressions of kindness
requested him to perforin the experiment
in his presence. His majesty placed him
self within a few feet of the piece, and Mr.
Gochran commencing rather sooner than
was anticipated, tho Sultan then with his
back towards the cannon was at first some
what startled at hearing the explosions sud
denly succeeding each other with such
inconceivable rapidity. The cannon was
fired 100 times as before in 15 minutes,
during which the barrel acquired 050° of
heat, while the revolving cylinder which
contained the charges was comparatively
cool, being only 250° of temperature. The
Sultan’s exclamation expressive of his de
light was “God save tho Americans—ls
such boys as you are (Mr. C. being then
but 21) cun invent such things, what 6an
your men do !”
Ho then asked him for the bill of expen
ses, and being told by Mr. C. it wns less
to his own plceusure, he wont the next dav
at the request of the Sultan to visit him at
his palace.—The bag of gold he th-rc
received wns truly an imperial present,
and enough to make his fortune. The
amount would scarcely be believed should
we name it, and we do not fuel ourselves
authorized to specify tho sum more distinct
ly, than may bo inferred from what we
have said. -
Mr. Cochran soon after returned to A
merica, with the understanding that he
n contract for supplying a large
i number of cannon of the pattern exhibited,
i whenever it could bo argrceublo for him to'
t execute it.
. These adventures of Mr. Cochran, yet «
: youth, seeking in a foreign land that patron
i ago and encouragement which were the
- proper measure and appreciation justly due
, to his pre-eminent talents, and which it is
t lamentable to be obliged to confess, his
i own countrymen would not have bestowed
s upon him, recall the similar examples of
West, Fulton, Perkins nnd others, and are
, calculated to reflect discredit upon our nn
i lional reputation, inasmuch as Americans
, ought to be tho first to reward those inven
, live powers which arc so emphatically
3 characteristic of, us well ns hunonahle to
s the genius of our people.
f Description of the. Invention, —The in.
1 vention of Mr. Cochran is adapted to every
• species of firo arms. The articles at pro
sent being exhibited by him at the Fair, are
1 model cannon, similar to that experiment
r cd upon before tho Turkish Emperor, and
s a riflo complete, which wo ahull now pro
• coed to describe.—Ho has fired this rifle
B 1200 times, 500 of which discharges were
fired in rapid succession and without pro
diieing any expansion whatever in the
t chambers of the cylinder, or giving to it a
u greater temperature than 100 degrees of
s Fahrenheit. As many us 2000 discharges
- aro required before the rifle will have been
, properly tested after the rule of the war
- department. Mr. C. is ready nt any time
• to fulfil this complement and go beyond
} it.—This afternoon ho will firo it at Niblo
• Garden 500 times in succession. The cy
i linder is a solid piece of iron, revolving in
I the plane of the barrel, and occupying n
- position directly nt tho baso of the barrel
i which it is in close contact with. The
s dimensions of the cylinder aro in diameter
. about 4 inches, and in thickness seven
eighths of an inch. There are in this one’
■ nine open chambers for the charges, which
charges are perforated upon tho periphery,
ami converge like radii upon the centre.
: Iho cone on which the percussion caps
aro placed form another series of radii con
centric and within thp circuit of the cham
bers—n solid metallic partition dividing
all tho caps from each other. Each cone
for the cap communicates with its nppropri
ale chamber, and opens in tho cent re of the
chamber, so that the whole charge of
powder is ignited at once, by which the ex
plosion of all the powder is made in ono
imlf the time of ordinary rifles, and there
fore so much the mure force given if, and
consequently a much less charge is requir
ed —the weight of tho charge being only
one grain and a half. As each chamber
in its revolution comes in an exact line
with the tube of tho barrel, tho cock strikes
the percurssion cap ami the explosion
takes place instantaneously. The cham
bers, as they successively come into a lino
with the barrel in tho revolutions of the cy
linder, arc momentarily retained firm in
this position by the regulating dog connect
ed with tho cylinder where it joins the
breach, and tho pin of which dog catches
in the small perforations made at equal dis
tances for its recaption. Nor can the cock
strike the porsussion onp until it is in exact
position, for if the chamber is not in its pro
pen - place, the socket into which tho hmmmor
: of the cock fulls lias presented to it only the
I metallic partitions between tho cones, and
■ therefore on striking those no explosion can
i take place. Nor can any accident happen
■ from explosions of tho other chambers con
i tiguous to the one in connection with the
barrel. Such an nccioent never did happen
1 with this rifle, and if it should tho direction
i oflhe chambers is such that their charge
■ would do no mischief. Nor can the 11 ash
■ oftho powder in the chamber in a lino with
i the tube of the rifle be communicated to the
I other chambers, as tho joint of the cylinder
where it comes in cotact with the barrel is
■ so close that it ais ir-tiglit, and will not per
• mit of such_e.\tonsion of the ignited powder.
• The charge of one grain and a halfof paw
i dor requires a size of hall of 50 to the
I pound, nnd the force is sufficient to por
i (brute eight boards, each of one inch thick
-1 ness, at tho distance of 00 foot. The
1 arrangement of the bull is another boauti
! ful and ingenious invention. Their dium
l oter is exactly lilted to the chamber, but
. larger than the diameter of the tube of the
. barrel, by an increment equivalent to the
■ depth of the spiral creases flh the inside of
i the tube. So that no patch is required as
j other rifles, for it is forced into the tube
i in tho barrel and exactly fitted to it by
i becoming compressed into a cylindrical
l shape and its sides grooved by the creases
i oftho barrel, whroreby- it is kept firmly in
> its count, and moves steadily and with
I such precision and so closely wedged that
i there is no windage can gel before tho ball
1 and give an irregularity to its motion—a
. serious inconvenience to which all other ri
i Acs are liable. The aim of Mr. Coch
, rail's rifle therefore-is always deadly and
, sure. By this arrangement there is unoth
j cr additional power required, for you have
. tho entire fore ofthc charge behind tho bull
.< until it leaves the muzzle, and in tho same
I proportion is the velocity augmented, and’
. therefore, a less charge required on this ac
, count as well as ou account of tho manner
. in which tho percussion cones communicate
i with the chambers as already stated. The
I creases of the barrel, as wo before said,
. keep tho ball exactly in its place through
out its course to the muzzle, whereas, the
i patch, always used in ordinary rifles, is con
j slantly liable to tear, which causes the
, irregularity of tho ball’s motion and de
, feats the very object for which rifles were
i intended. The manner in which the per
i cession cones communicate with the middle
of the chambers, causes tho powder to c.\-
I - plodo in one half the time it would if tho
i ignition took place at tho end of and posteri
or to the chamber.
As an evidence of tho accuracy and
■ effectiveness of this rifle, Mr. Cochran re
-1 luted a bear-hunt, in which ho took part,
i a few days since, ou the Moose Mountains,
i in his native Slate of Now Hampshire. Ho
fired at thcanimul with the rifle now at the
. Exhibition, and lodged nine balls in his brain
I while he was undei full way, at the dis
• tancc of some four or five rods from him...
l The bear was brought to the ground, and
• the nine bulls recognized and identified from
, the others lodged near them, by the groove
made in them by the creases of the tubes
I and by their cylindrical shape. His bro.
) ther sportsmen, who had until then deem
. ed themselves in possession of good sport -
• ing pieces, expressed themselves in rap
tures at the superiority of their young
. countryman’s magic rifle.
■) Another remarkable property in this
i rifle is, that it has not the least recoil what
, ever, so that there is not the slightest jar
)• or irregularity in the direction,
The rifle will bo fired at Niblo’s 509
i times in succession this afternoon. The
. patent right for the rifle and pistol for’tlie
• United Stales, has been sold by Mr. Cocli
-3 ran to the trustees of a company in this city
s for £5300,000. Richard As Richardson, No.
s 41 South street, are tho agents for the
1 company, nnd have a large manufactory
f at Springfield, Massachusetts, and are scll
> ing tho rifles faster than they can make
. them.
9 Col, Bomford, nt the head oftho ordnance
. department, U. S. Army who was present
f nt the Fair, was so much pleased with Mr.
n Cochran’s rifle, that he ordered him to
make one and bring it to Washington for
experiment.
— '—e
GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
Correspondence of the Couslilulionalht.
Mili.edgbvillis, Dec. 15.
j In the Senate, yesterday afternoon,
(lie Ocmulgee Bank at Macon was passed,
F! withn capital of £5500,000. The privi-
B lege to increase the capital to $1,000,000
was struck out. The kill to incorporate
u a bank at Newnan, Coweta County, was
( rejected ; hut this morning the Senate
p agreed to re consider that bill.
g In the House, this morning, on a mo
' (ion to reconsider the vole of yesterday
r which ordered the bill to organize a
court for the correction of errors, to lie
j on the table until (be next session of the
J legislature, ’the yeas were 87, nays 75.
1 And on a motion to rc-consider the vote of
yesterday which ordered the preamble
1 and resolutions of Mr. Burns to lie on the
j table for the remainder of the session,
the yeas were GB, nays 88.
In the Senate this morning, Mr. Mitch
-1 ell, of Baldwin,* introduced the folio w
j ing reolulions:
Jlesolved , i) - c. That his Excellency (he
1 Governor be and he is hereby authorized
i and required, lo procure the services of
• a competent engineer, whose duly it shall
3 beto survey and lay oft'the course ofn
■ railroad from some convenient point on
the Tennessee line, to some point on
the Chattahoochee river, which shall he
most eligible for the extension of branch
railroads thence to Athens, Milledge
ville, Forsyth, and Columbus.
•find Le it further Jlesolved, That (he
Governor be, and he is hereby authorized
and required, to employ all necessary
assistance in aid of the engineer, in ef
fecting as speedily ns possible, the said
survey: and (hat the said engineer tl<>
make th the Governor a return or state
ment ojiiis progress in the execution of (
said sttEvcy, as oltcn as required by bis i
Excellency. ,
An.Htr. it further Resolved, That on i
the completion ol the said survey; thesaid i
engineer shall furnish to his Excellency i
the Governor, an estimate of the expense i
or cost of making the said railroad. t
find he it further Resolved, That his <
Excellency the Governor he, and he is I
hereby requested to communicate to the I
Governor of Tennessee the intention of i
Georgia to make the said railroad, nnd
endeavor to ascertain upon what terms the
State of Tennessee will be willing that
the line of said road should be extended
to Tennessee river at or near llossville on
said river. *
•lad he it further resolved, That the
1 sum of thousand dollars, ought to be
appropriated for the purpose of defraying
the expenses of said survey.
In the House, yesterday, the following
1 communication was received from the
1 Governor.
Executive Department, Georgia, I
Milledgeville, Dec. 13,183 G. 5
| A bill entitled “An act to incorpo
rate the Merchants Insurance and Trust
Company of the City of Macon, and
to incorporate the Insurance nnd Trust
Company of Chattahoochee, to be lo
cated at Columbus,” which passed
both turn:os of the General Assembly,
has been presented to me for my sanc
tion. lam unwilling to sign tins bill,
and therefore return it to (he House of
' llepr esentativos, in which it orginated,
with the reasons which have induced me
■ to withhold ray name.
• Ihe power vested in the Executive by
the Constitution, of refusing his assent
to acts passed hy both branches of the
I legislature,ought tube exercised,only in
> cases where the Constitution has been dis
' regarded, or some evil is likely to be the
result, which it is presumed did not pre-
I sent itself to (he legislature at the line of
i the passage of the bill. The act now under
i consideration is believed to he one of tins
i latter character, because it is, in part,
t deficient in those guards and limitations
1 which have, heretofore, been considered
i essential provisions in any charter of in
. corporation granted toindviduals form
. dividual benefit ; and, therefore, I am in
-1 duced to believe that the want of these in
. reference to one of the Insurance Com
■ panics incorporated by (his bill, was the
1 result more of oversight than of design in
. the General Assembly, and this opinion
• is strengthened by the fact, that that por
, tion of the bill which incorporates the
“Merchants Insurance and Trust Com
, patty ol Macon,” contains the provisions
, to which 1 have adverted, which might,
in (lie hurried manner in which business
is transacted daring the last week of the
. session, have been supposed to apply to
all the subjects embraced in it. The
j objections to this bill are, the want of a
provision rendering (he private property
' of the corporators liable for the debts of
the company, and the absence of any
• clause limiting the duration of the “Insti
' ranee and Trust Company of Chattahoo
, chee, to be located at Columbus.” The
first objection would not, of itself, have
•been sufficient to induce me to exercise
the veto power; but the last I consider
I so important, that I cannot, consistently
• with my principles, disregard it. Acts
> of incorporation, granting privileges to a
. few, which are not permitted to the many
1 should be granted cautiously, and only
when some public benefit, outweighing
all other considerations, will manifestly
be the result of such act. And they
should contain all the guards, limitations
and other provisions necessary to protect ,
i the community and restrain within safe & ,
■ proper bounds, those who are permitted |
i to exercise franchises denied to the pco- (
pie at large. I
WILLIAM SCHLEY. I
Milledgeville, Dec. 16.
The House was engaged all the morn- i
iug in the discussion of the Supreme
Court Dill, A vote may be taken upon
it this evening. An amendment has
been adopted, reducing the salary of the
Judges from 2900 to $2500. The oppo
tiun to the bill is strong, and may suc
ceed in rejecting it, but I hope yet that
it will pass by a small majority.
The Senate has been engaged since yes
terday, in debate, on the State Railroad
Bill.' The first section is the principal
point of opposition. Yesterday afternoon
several of the members took (he floor ;
and among them Mr. McAllister, who
delivered one of the best speeches I heard
on the subject. It was enough, it seem
ed to me, to convince any one of the
great advantages that would result to
•Georgia, should the plan proposed be
adopted, and prosecuted with energy.
This bill has a strong opposition in the
Senate; but it is to be hoped that the
friends of internal improvements will be
able to carry the measure through, and
to give a vigorous impulse to the resour
ces of Georgia.
The fate of the two bills above men
tioned, may not be decided before to
morrow evening.
Two bills have passed the House, one
to revive the act ol 1804, respecting the
Medical Society of Georgia, and the o
ther repealing penalties against Botanic
Doctors.
MII.LEDOBVII.LF,, Dec. IT.
In the House, yesterday morning, the
bill for the organization ol a court of er
rors, was passed, yeas 80, nays 75. This
morning, on a motion for reconsideration,
the yeas were 78, nays 82. If the Sen
ate concur in the amendments of the
House, the court will be organized, and
the three judges will be elected by the
General Assembly next week. I have
heard the names of Messrs. Cuthbert,
McDonald, Cone, and Baxter, as likely
to be run, by the Union party; Judge
Warner is also spoken of, aswellas Judge
Berrien. The most material amendment
of the House, is in the salary of the Judges,
which has been reduced from 2900 to
$2500. It is my opinion (hat the Senate
will concur in this amendment, in order
to secure the organization of the Court.
Should it not concur, the organization of
(he court would be in danger, owing to
(he strength of the opposition in the
House.
In the Senate, yesterday evening, a
vole was taken on the passage of the
State Railroad Bill. The bill passed,
yeas 46, nays 34, with some material a
mendments. In (he bill, as amended,
the point on the Tennessee line where
the main trunk is to commence, is at or
near Rossville ; the word or was stricken
out, between the words Athens and Ma
dison, so that it reajjs thus: "That a
railroad commucation, as a state work,
and with the funds of the state, shall be
made from some point of the Tennessee
river, commencing at or near Rossville, ,
in the most direct and practicable route ’
to some point on the southwestern bank
of the Chattahoochee river, which shall
be most eligible Via- the extension of
branch railroads thence to Athens, Ma
dison, Milledgeville, Forsyth and C.olum
hu»,” &,c. The senate struck out the
last paragraph, which appropriated two
thirds of the fund to be derived to this
state from the surplus revenue of the
United Stales, and inserted a proviso to
this effect, that no greater sum than $35,-
000 be annually appropriated to the con
struction of the road, unless a future le
gislature should think proper to deter
mine and direct otherwise. Another
section was adopted appropriating $290,-
000 (or the construction, which, with
$60,000 appropriated for the expenses of
the survey, makes $350,000 for the year
1837. With these amendments the bill
passed. This morning a motion for re
consideration was made, but lost, yeas '
32, nays 47. 1 believe that the House
will concur in the amendments of the
Senate.
A bill has passed the House, and is
now before the Senate, to amend the se
veral acts in relation to the city of Au
gusta, and the Court of Common Pleas
of that city. The provisions of this bill
are as follows:
The City Council is authorized to
pass ordinances for the regulation office
persons of colour, and slaves living sepa
rate and apart from their owners.
The City Council is authorized to sub
scribe for stock in any incorporate com
panies of this State.
The jurisdiction of the Court of Com
mon Pleas is extended to SSOO.
The Judge of that Court, the Mayor
and members of the City Council are au
thorized to issue warrants to distrain for
rent, &c.
The sessions of die Court to be quar
terly: on the 2d Monday in February,
May, August, anil November.
The. salary of the Judge is fixed at
SIOOO.
The actof 1 is repealed, which lim
its the price of retail Hcerilea.
The City Council is authorized to re
tain the auction duties, in order to be
enabled to pay the salary of the Judge.
The City Council is prohibited from
appointing one of their body to any office
within the corporate limits of the Citv.
Milledgeville, Dec. 18.
In the Senate, yesterday afternoon, the
following bills were passed :
To incorporate the Bank of St. Mary’s
—yeas 42, nays 24.
To incorporate the Flint and Chatta
hoochee Rail Road Company.
To divide the county of Walker into
two counties, and to form a new county
out of that part of the county lying west
of the Lookout Mountain : the new coun
ty to be named “Coffee.” ,
To lay out and organize a new county i
from the counties of Houston and Marion, I
to be named “ Epps,” and the county site i
“ Kosciusko.” I
The House was engaged yesterday on I
the General Appropriation Bill, which I
passed yesterday afternoon. ,
Correspondence of the Baltimore Chronicle, t
Washington, Dec. 15, 1836. <
The General Post OJice — the City <
Post Office, and the Patent OQtcr, burnt t
Ip the ground. —l was witness this mor- s
ning to a dreadful conflagration. A- t
bout four o'clock I was awakened with f
the thrilling cry of “ fire in the Post Os- i
a
ficc Department.” As soon as possible, J
I hastened to the scene of action. When
1 arrived, I found a thick column ol
smoke issuing from the apertures in the
doors and windows of the ground floor—
the room usually filled with wood and
coal for the use of tho Department.
This was under the City Post Office.
The fire, with ease, might then have
been extinguished, but —aye, but for
what! 1 give you sir, what I saw and
heard ; your readers can draw their own
conclusions. The doors were all lock
ed ; an attempt was made to burst them
open by some public spirited persons, but
they were prevented*—by whom!—the
darkness of the night and the excitement
of the moment, prevented them from re
cognising. The keys were asked for;
but no one produced them. By this
time the flames burst forth from the win
dows of the City Office and this portion
of the Department was entirely consu
med without being entered! The part
of (he building appropriated to the Gen
eral Post Office was open, and (he clerks,
aided by the citizens,- removed most of
the important papers before the flames
had communicated with these rooms.
The Patent Post Office, too, I regret to
say, was consumed, with every single
model. I fear but few of them can be
replaced. It is said (whether as a jeu
d'esprit, or in sober earnestness, I know
not) that Wise’s resolution produced the
catastrophe. For the sake of human na
ture and the honor of the country, I hope
this is not so. It was not, however, the
result of accident.
From th: Columbia Telescope , Dec. 13. ,
Farewell Address of Gov. McDUffl6*
Delivered before the Legislature of South-
Carolina December, 12, 1836.
Fellow-Citizens —As but a few mo
ments will elapse before I shall retire, in
all human probability, forever, from the
stage upon which 1 have so long acted
in the service of South-Carolina, I cannot
permit the occasion to pass without at
tempting to give some feeble utterance
to the emotions it has irrepressibly exci
ted in my bosom. In what manner I
have acted the part which has been as
signed to mein the great drama ol public
affairs, and in some of the most eventful
scenes of that drama, it is not my province
to determine.
It is all that I can desire, and more
than I can hope, that the favorable opin
ion for which I am now indebted to the
partiality and kindness of my fellow-citi
zens, may be ratified by the more stern
and impartial judgment which posterity
will pronounce upon my character and
conduct. One thing I may be permitted
to say, I trust without arrogance, that in
all the stations to which I have been sum
moned—in all the exciting and engrossing
scenes in which I have been called upon
to act—and amidst all those allurements
which habitually beset the path of a pub
lic man—in no solitary instance has any
Selfish purpose of interest or ambition
operated for one single moment to break
the intensity and singleness of my devo
tion, to the interests, the honor, and the
glory of South-Carolina. In the self-de
voting idolatry of my heart, South Caro
lina has had no rival.
But whilst I claim to have brought
these undefiled, but humble offerings to
her altar, I am at the same time deeply
sensible that all those, and reh times
more, would but a poor and inadequate
return for the uniform proofs of her gen
erous and unfailing confidence, by which
1 have been uniformly sustained in all
the trials and m all the vicissitudes
through which it has been my fortune to
pass. •
Whatever may have, been the exclu
siveness of my devotion; and whatever
estimate partiality may have placed upon
my services, 1 still owe her a debt of e
ternal gratitude, the record of which is
deeply inscribed on my heart, and which
neither time, nor change, nor chance,
shall ever obliterate. Wherever I may
go; into whatever distant region of the
earth my destiny may carry me—my
heart will be with you, and my prayers
will be directed, witli an unerring polari
ty, to the home of my affections, and the
land of my allegiance. And if—which
may Heaven forbid—it should so happen,
that in the rapid progress of those inau
spicious events which are even now cast
ing their ill-boding shadows before them.
South Carolina should be constrained to
summon all her chivalry to the defence of
her household gods and domestic altars ;
yielding a prompt obedience to the sacred
call, I will fly to her glorious standard
"swift as the tempest travels o’er the waste
of mighty waters,” prepared and resolved,
in common with every (rue and patriotic
son of her’s, to defend and preserve her
institutions and liberties, or perish in
their ruins.
And now sir, [to the Governor elect,]
it remains that I surrender into your
charge the ensigns of the high trust, to
which you have been summoned. I
trust, sir, you receive them untarnished
from my hands, —I am sure you will
transmit them untarnished to the hands
of rour successor.
Fellow citizens, with ray most ardent
and devout prayers for your prosperity,
individually and collectively, I bid yon
farewell.
Oov. Butler’s Inaugural Address.
Fellow citizens of the Senate, and House
of Representatives ,
1 have been honored by the too partial
voice of my fellow citizens, to succeed a
very eminent and distinguished man, as
Governor of the State of South Carolina.
With deep embarrassment I acknow
ledge this high compliment at your hands.
It cannot be disguised, that l am indebt
ed for the honor, more to the kind par
tiality of personal friendship than to any
merit of my own. Whatever my quali
fications or deficiencies may be, I feel
within me an anxious determination to
discharge, to the best of my power, the
duties assigned me. Asking your kind
forbearance, confidence, and counsel,
rather than presuming to direct your de
liberations, I am prepared to accept the
high and responsible trust; and only
hope I may be able to perform its duties
without disappointing the good opinion
of my friends, or forfeiting my own es- ,
teem. If there is any one fceliim more i
gratifying than all others, it is the time I
ot this summons, when all party distinc- 1
lions and angry discussions that have (or 1
some time past distracted our State and |
people, have happily subsided. But one ‘
feeling now animates the patriot’s breast r
in South Carolina; that of uniting all her «
—i—ok— cguamrinfm. -i im'JO - "waN
resources and energies, all her affections
and people, in the common bond «( in- %
terest and duty, acknowledging no other
distinction, and claiming the high title ol
the South Carolina Parti/, where we
may all gather together under the same
“Vine and Fig Tree,” kneel and bow at
the same shrine, and offer up homage at ,
a common altar. Such, fellow-citizens, i
here, In.the presence of my God, and\t
hearing of my countrymen, shall be my[<
exertions, my highest aspirations to ac- 1
com,dish. ;
The prospect before us, manifestly
calls for much prudent caution, as well i
as much decision and energy of character (
and conduct. It cannot be disguised, <
that questions deeply affecting the happi- 1
ness and safety of South Carolina, arc 1
now habitually agitated in other Slates
having no right to interfere with our do
mestic institutions, which may bind or
sever the Union of this federative repub
lic; and, though we cannot condescend to
discuss our right to maintain those insti
tutions, with any human power, we must
beat all times prepared to defend and
i preserve them. Upon these points it is
. likely we shall not be left to act alone,
i Interests similar to those by which we
; shall be guided will operate all around
; us; and I trust, paying due regard to
( prudent forbearance, we shall be enabled
r to dissipate the clouds (hat obscure our
■ political horizon, and avoid the threaten
. ed tempest that wellmeaning but ill-in
* formed men may otherwise bring on.
; If our republican institutions should
fail in producing the practical good ef
fect we expect from them, it will be from
a neglect of the maxims of morality, (hat
are equally binding upon States as indi
’ viduals; and which can never be thrown
aside without that degradation of char
acter from which no good is to be expect
ed. The happiness, the prosperity of the
, human race, individual and national, is
based on the sacred obligations of con
; tracts deliberately and mutually incur
red. And whenever the pretence of
Religious duty shall be deemed para
mount to the dictates of morality, or the
wild democracy of political majorities
shall be deemed competent to set aside
all that has hitherto been held sacred anil
indissoluble between man and man, and
nation and nation, the reign of confu
sion will commence, and no law will be
considered as binding but the law of
force for the time being.
The maxims of Justice and Equity,
the obligations of morality, faith in the
performance of promises and contracts,
which have hitherto been (he bonds of
Union in every civilized society, will
meet with due honor in South Carolina.
Honestly and punctually fulfilling these
ourselves, we shall exact the due per
formance of them from others, where our
own interests are concerned.
I deem it right and proper to say that,
under all circumstances that include our
Federal relations, I shall hold myself
bound, in theory and practice to follow
the principles of South Carolina, as pro
mulgated in the documents of our late
Convention. Upon one or two of these
points of political principle, (here is
among us a respectable minority of esti
mable citizens, who differ in opinion from
their brethren. The right belonging to
every man, o( thinking for himself and
defending the opinions he has adopted by
every lair mode of argumentation, is a
right that S. Carolina will never encroach
upon. And I trust the majority on
these questions, will he cautious, gener
ous, ami just; not to urge unnecessarily,
any practice upon (hose opinions incon
sistent with that respect, to which a mi
nority composed of honest, honorable,
and_ worthy men, are so justly entitled.
Difference of opinion, like difference of
nature, is the lot of man, and the evils
that might otherwise arise from it, are
only to bo remedied by all of us learning
and practising that useful lesson, *‘fo
bear and forbear.’* I need scarcely say,
that political proscription for opinion’s
sake, will constitute no part of my policy,
while acting as Chief Magistrate of South
Carolina. In making (his declaration, I
am sure I speak in perfect accordance
with the generous and magnanimous sen
timents of this House.
I entirely concur in the views, and
shall endeavor to imitate the example of
my predecessor, in diffusing a decided
military spirit throughout the State. The
best and only means of avoiding dangers
and aggressions of every kind, is a man
ifest preparation to repel them. And
though we all cherish the hope, that an
exertion of the military power of the
State may long be postponed, we should
be voluntarily blind to our true situation,
if, while we hope for the best, we did not
prepare for the worst that may happen.
The persevering machinations of fanati
cism, threatening to trample all human*'
charters in the dust, in their unholy cru
sade against our domestic institutions,
should he an eternal admonition to the
people of this and the neighboring States,
that their only security consists in becom
ing not the semblance only, but the stern
reality of communities of well trained
Citizen Soldiers. It will be my constant
effort to complete the work already com
menced under such encouraging auspices,
by bringing; up (he spirit and the discipline
of our militia to (he highest practical !
point of improvement.
These, fellow-citizens, are some of ,
the leading principles by which my con
duct will be guided when an opportunity i
occurs to act upon them. In meantime, !
I humbly pray for that direction, from 1
the Giver of all good, which shall enable 1
me to perform faithfully and successfully,
die duties I have undertaken, to earn
your honest approbation, and at the same
time die approval of my conscience.
In conclusion, ray sense of gratitude,
deep and sincere as it is, is lost in the '
painful apprehension, that I may not be 1
able to fulfil the just expectations of my '
countrymen. Relying, as I do, upon the
same kindness and partiality which has
thus preferred and distinguished me, 1
humbly invoke Heaven, that my adminis
tration may contribute to the interest, the
honor and glory of South Carolina.
■ ————. r
Santa Anna at Libert;/.— Dy a slip from the e
New Orleans Bulletin Office of Dec 13 we v
learn the flowing By the arrival last night
of thoscht Texas Captain barker, we learn
hat Gen. Antonio Lopez dc Santa Anna, who
has been a prisoner of war to the Tcxians since
he memorable battle of San Jacinto, was set at
liberty on the 27th ultimo, at Columbia, by order j
of the Tenan Government;, and immediately it
proceeded to iNacogdoches, on his way to the citv a;
of W ashinglon. What disposition has been w
made of hts officers and soldiers who were cap
tured with him, wo were unable to learn.” '
FOIt S.IFF.
A valuable House and Lot, in the (own of
JLouhviile, Ga.
The Subscriber oilers for
fftfvil bis HOUSE and LOT in the
\\\\\m Town of Louisville. The Dwcl-
JjesfesiSaL ling House is two story high, and
very convenient; co B taining 7 rooms and five
fire places; a good kitchen, negro house, pan
fry and smoko house, fine stables, carriage house;
corn house and fodder loft, an excellent and ne
ver failing well of water, a rich and large garden
spot, all in good repair. Terms low and'accom
modating.
To a Thyslcian with a family, wishing a situa
tion, it offers many advantages, as it is one of the
finest openings for the practice of medicine in
the State of Georgia. For further information;
apply to the subscriber, No. 232 Broad-st, Au
gustas
Dr. N. B. CLOUD.
Nov. 30 wlf 19
Plantation For Sale.
WILL be sold without re-
SJjiQTrPserve, 1250 acres of Oak and Hickory
Land, in Burke county, whereon the
jgtS?gE£iSuliscriber now lives—3sl acres in its
first slate of cultivation, with it first rate two sto
ry Dwelling and framed kitchen new built, Girt
House and Gin with all other out houses, in com’
plclc order and new.
Also, five likely young Negroes, ail effective’
hands and a good farm Blacksmith, and a young
woman a first rate Seamstress. The land is good
& well watered. I deem it unnecessary to give d
further description of the premises, as no one will
buy without viewing the same, which I partial l
larly invite.
Also, 1500 bushels of Corn, with Fodder, Hor
ses, Mules, Hogs, Cattle, Blacksmith’s Tools;
and other articles too numerous to mention. The
Land and Negroes, will be Sold privately if wish
ed, if not, (he whole of the above will bo sold tel
the highest bidder on the first Thursday in Janu
ary next, on the premises. A liberal indulgence
will bo given.
D. L. HOLLIDAY.
Nov. 23 17
Administrator’s Sales.
On Tuesday, the Hth of February next,
IN conformity to an order of the Court ol Or
dinary of Richmond county, will be sold at
the lower Market House, in the city of Augusta,
the following properly, belonging to the Estate
of Wrn. Bryson, deceased:
Four NEGRO Slaves, naraej i>-
DANIEL, aged about 16 yours,
HENRY, ■■ • •< 14 do
JOSEPHINE, » 10 do
JIM, “ 6 do
JESSE, a Negro child, 12 month*.
ALSO,
Ten Shares of the Capital Stock of the Au
gusta Insurance & Banking Company, 1 Share in
the Augusta Theatre Company, and 1 do Augus
ta Ice Company. Also, a Vacant Lot on Rey
nold street, on which the late Mrs. Murren re
sided. ,
HARPER C. BRYSON, Admr..
Henry and Daniel will he sold on the same
day, at the Market House in the city of Savannah,
December 7 wtd 21
i(linini»trator’s Sale.
On the first Tuesday in February next ,
WILL be sold at the lower Market House,
between the usual hours of sale, a very
valuable Negro Man, aged about thirty years, tho
property of the Estate of James Primrose, de
ceased, to bo sold for the benefit of tho heirs and
creditors of said deceased. He is a very handy Car
penter, Butcher, Ostler, &c. Terms of sale cash,
G. B. MARSHALL, Adtn’r.
MARY PRIMROSE, Adm’rx.
Doc. 7 21
Administrator’s Sale.
On Saturday the 31 st day of December next,
WILL he sold, between the usual hours ol
sole, at the late resilience of John Watts
deceased, all the personal estate of said deceased,
consisting of Horses, Gigs—an undivided half of
the furniture of the Wayncsborough Hotel, be
sides many other articles. Terms of sale on the
day.
MULFORD MARSH, Adm’r
Nov. 8,1333 wtd 15
Administrator’s Sale.
On Saturday, the 24/A day of December next,
WILL be sold at the late residence of Charles
Cavcnah, deceased, all tho perishable
property raid deceased, consisting of Corn, Fod
der, Cattle, Household and Kitchen Furniture,
one Horse & Colt, and Hogs. Terms of sale on
the day.
MICHAEL WIGGINS, Adm’r.
November 8, 1836 wtd 15
lixccutor’s Sale.
On thefirst Tuesday in February next,
WILL bo sold at the lower market house,
in the city of Augusta, between the
usual hours of sale, Fivclots in Springfield, ly
ing between Lary’s pond and the River, and on
the North side of Marbury street, containing six
ty by one hundred and fifty feet, each, and known
by tho Nos. 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26, in the plan
of Springfield; sold as tho property of M. J.
Wood, deceased, for the benefit of the heir*
Terms made known on the day.
JAS. BURROUGHS, Executor,
Nov. 30 wtd 19
•Administrator’s Sale .
On the first Tuesday in January next,
WILL bo sold at the Court House door, in
tho Town of Wayneshorough, within the
usual hours of sale, agreeably to an order of the
Honorable the Justices of the Inferior Court of
Burke County, when sitting for ordinary pur
poses : .
Three negroes, to wit: Halo, Dick, & Martha ;
also, one hundred and fifty-two acres of Land,
adjoining Arthur Bell, John Reddick, & H. V.
Mulkcy, belonging to the Estate of Thomas 8
Burke, deceased; sold for the benefit of said
Estate.
MICHAEL WIGGINS, Adm’r.
Sept. 28th, 1836 2
————— ' - —'■■■' ■ ' ■ i ■ W
Administrator’!* Sale.
On thefirst Tuesday in January next,
BY virtue of an order of tho Honorable the'
Inferior Court of Columbia county, when
sitting for Ordinary purposes, will bo sold at Co
lurabia Court House, the whole of tho Negroes,
belonging to the Estate of Louisa Jane Walker"
deceased, to wit: •
Gabriel, a follow, Betty, an old woman, Lucirt
da, a young woman, and Moses, a boy child.-
Sold for the purpose of distribution among thtf
legatees of said deceased. Terms made known
at tho sale.
MARY WALKER, Admr’»,
Nov. 2nd, 1836 wtd 13
Administrator’s Notice.
ALL persons indebted to the Estate of Wm.
Fletcher, late of Columbia county, deceas
ed, are required to make immediate payment;
and those to whom the estate is indebted, are re
quested to render their demands duly authentica
ted, within the time prescribed by law.
PETER KNOX, Adm’r.
Nov. 30, 1836 6tw 19
Administrator’s Notice.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of John
Walts, deceased, are requested to make im
mediate payment; and those having demands a
gainst said estate will present them, duly attested,
within twelve months from this dale.
MULFORD MARSH, Adm’r.
November Bth, 1836 wtd 15
Administrator’s Notice.
ALL persons indebted to tho estate of Abner
E. Holliday, deceased, are requested to make
immediate payment; and those having demand*
against said estate will present them, duly attested,
within twelve months from this date.
MATTHEW JONEB, Adm’r,
November 7th 1836 wtd 15