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I IHMI i:sru\
I 'ZrLEGARE'S speech.
I iti , not only as a Southern man,
I h* l’ protest against the tariff law—
■nV loctrinecf Free Trade, .• a great
■? bmer.nl doctrine of civilization—
■l n e world must come to it at last, if
| vision, of improvement in which we
B le t- inJulKe are ever to he realized;
■ las been justly remarked that most
Br he wan which have for the last two
B’ mmies. desolated Europe and s-a.ned
■ ‘ l, ni | and the sea with blood, origma
■ H i„ t|,e lust of colonial empire, or
BLnercMl monopoly. Great nations
WUnnotbehdd together under a United
Mfilorernment by any thing short of des-
Bone power, if one part of a country is
H lie arraved against another in a per
il Lull scramble for privilege and prefer
-8,,;e under a system of protection—
B), ey must fall to pieces, and if the
B iin e blind selfishness and rapacity ani-
Bute the fragments which had occasion-
V, lhe disunion of the whole, there will
Be no end to strife of conflicting inter-
BM t; When yoo add to the calamities
Bf public wars and civil dissension, the
Brinies created by tvranical revenue
B s. and the bloody penalties nceessa-
B v to enforce tb m, the injustice done
Bo many branches of industry, to pro-
Bnoie the success of others, the pauper
■,n. i,;e misery, die discontent, the des
■',ir and the thousand social disorders
such a violation of die laws of
jtmc never fails to engender, vou w ill
BiJ nit. I think, that the cause ofFree-
is the great cause of human im
provement. Sir, I can never snffi-
deplore the infatuation which
broua,l>t such a scourge upon this
mired land —which lias entailed, so
speak die curse of an original sin up-
a new woild, and upon die continu-
Bllv multiplying millions that ..rote in -
it. Most heartily shall I co-ope
any measure, not revolutionary, I
da away with the system which is al- j
lv bccO.'ie and fountain of bitter tva- I
Be sio us-ahi:-.’; tin “utens to become ,
another generation a sv-uicT of blood
tears—and I heartily rejoice at .*)>*]
Hj.ii ol hope which has opened npo,:
B, jn the proposed Convention at Phila
■ and , ,h,a. Not that I am sanguine as to
immediate results of such a meeting; j
But if it be tilled as it ought to he, with
and enlightened men from all
of die country, which think as we ]
B. upon this great subject, it w ill awak- |
Bn the attention of the people, it will
B.ul to geneial discussion, it will give
i! 1 may so express it, tor the op
anon of those momentous truths on j
we rely, and 1 cannot and will
despair ol die Keptib ic, as it catne !
I down to u* from die venerable baud of;
■tige* and heroes that ever laid tile foiin-
great einpiic, until I become
by much better evidence than
Buy I Intvc yet seen, that It is vain to >
to the good sense and the kindly
Bfemmgs of the American people.
I I Meanwhile, to the measure which is
under consideration, and which, by
■ whatever name it may be called, is in j
opinion essentially revolutionary, 1 j
B'n, as 1 ever have been, decidedly op- j
I tegarded it when it first men j
in ll'£3, as an ill omened and ;
project—calculated to divide !
aiming ourselyes, to alienate from us |
minds of our natural allies in such a
the agricultural States in our
and to involve us in dis-
fiom which we should not lie
to retreat without dishonor, and in j
we could not persevere without j
and irretrieveable ruin—l I
I (light have been wrong, but I acted up- j
I ei deep and solemn conviction; and I |
God, from the bottom of my <
art. for being permitted to indulge in
consoling persuasion that my liuni-
labors on that memorable occasion
Bd contribute in some degree to avert
I II ese calamities.
II Sir. this is no occasion for going into
analysis of the doctrine of
a doctrine, which as
I taught in ‘the exposition,’ I undertake
I to say involves just as many parodoxes
B> l contradictions as there are topics
on to maintain it—but I cannot
fioin presenting a single view of
! which is itself entirely conclusive,—
on will observe Mr. President, that
e difference between us and the advo
of this doctrine, is noi as Is tin
bow far a Slate is bound to ac-
in an Unconstitutional act of
or (which is the same tiling)
B>w far it lias a right *to interpose to
I •rest t lie progress,’ of such legislation,
admit this right in the most iinquali-
Bw'! ‘uanner; for if the law be unconsti-
BBtional it is no law at all. So far there
no diflerence and can be no and ffer
ce between us. The question is not
to the right, nor even us to the rente-
bm as io what shall ensue upon the
of the right, nr the application
M the remedy. The advocates of Nul-
insist uuon it, that the ioter-
of the States in such a case
Bold be a peaceabe act—we say it
■< dd lie, even upon their ownshowing,
■< act of war—a revolutionary measure
1 remedy derived from asourceabove
■P! l<". ami an authority which hows to
■o arbiter but the sword—and tliis is
■iwepiible of as rigorous demonstration
■*‘">y point within the whole compass
public law.
B for the sake of argument, I concede
■” that the most extravagant writers in
■"r newspapers have ever assumed, and
■ treat deal more than the most able
gr them can prove —1 will grant that the
of the United States is no
at all—that it is not only u
■'impact between independent States,
■"t that it is a compact of no peculiar
■"lemnity or efficacy— conveying no
■"'• not usually granted by interna -
B 1 ’"'d treaties, establishing no intmriitn
■latioos between the different parts of
■"! country, not subjecting the citizen,
■’ flic least, to the jurisdiction of the
Bcdcial Courts, not binding upon his
■ [miKiiMicr, lint imposing upon him the
I ►'•••Ration* of not making
I liable in any cate to the penalties
I trt’ i'Min. I will put iliium at strong
v .11 possible for the advocate* of the
. ‘ “’trine. I will suppose that thin con
■ Mitutinn, ol which we have been boast
■ ‘"2 o much for near half a century, it
r ll " 1 ' ,MI * l'i he a league between foreign
■"’"fM. and that every question ifr.it can
W!"* under it, it m the strictest sense of
K** or ' t * merely political qtiest'on.—
S’ then, Hir fDo you ever of
one party to a league having a right—
not to judge for himself of its meaning,
mark the distinction —but to bind the
other party by his judgment f —l admit
that there is no common aibiler—that
each of the parties is to judge for him
self—does that mean that he shall judge
for the others too ? A compact be
tween Individuals—it creates what is
called by text-writers ‘ a perfect obliga
tion’—there is no doubt but that a sove
reignty is obliged before God and man
scrupulously to fulfil the conditions of
its agreements. But sovereignties with
regard to each other are in a state of
nature—they have no common superior
to enforce Compliance with their coven
ants—and if any difference arise as to
(licit rights and liabilities under them,
what says the law of nature and nations?
Why what can it say, but that each shall
do as he pleases—oi that force shall de
cide the controversy ? Is there any
imaginable alternative between the law
and the sword—between the judgment
of some regularly constituted empire—
chosen bes ore hand by the common con
sent of the contracting parties; and the
ultima ratio regum f Sir, we have been
told that Stale Sovereignty is and ought
to be governed by nothing but its own
‘ feelings ofhonorable justice’—it comes
up in tire declamation of the day , to the
description of that irascible, imperious
and reckless hero whose wrath and the
woes it brought upon his country are an
admirable theme for an epic or a tiagic
sung, but would not, 1 suppose he re
commended as the very highest of all
possible examples in morality,
lmpigt-r, iracundus, inexorabdis, neer
J lira ncg'ul sib; nuta, nihil non arrogal ar
mia.
Yet strange lo say, the very men who
paint to us me soveieignty ol the Slates
in such colours; and would cavil about
the ninth pait of a hair where their own
rights and interests are concerned, for
get entirely that there are any other
parties to the compact but South Ca‘o
lina, or that those parties have any right
to exercise or any interests to maintain !
*\Ve have a right to judge for ourselves,’
say they, ‘ how far we are bound by the
Constitution, or how far we shall com.
oly with it,’ Grant it. But what of
iSe o.'l'er S3 parties? Are they bound
by our uw**-' on • they not think
lor themselves, bemuse we say that an
act, which they have *.'l defeated (or the
great majority of them) to id w i,. I ’**! the
meaning of the treaty and binding >.’, r)0 '-’
us, is nut so? If our opinion is just wc
are not hound. Admit it. But if their’s
is just we are hound. Now the whole
fallacy of the argument on the other
side consists in coolly taking for grant
ed the very matter in dispute —in blot
ting out this if—in denying to others
the very light of judging which we
claim lor ourselves—and in expecting
them, exacting it of them, to act upon
our convictions instead of their own.
Sir, it may be that they will do so
Instances upon instances have been la
boriously compiled of late by a writer
in one of the leading journals of the
country, to show how olten lhe Govern
ment has been forced, right or wrong,
to yield to the resistance of the States.
1 shall say nothing of these examples
except that some of them have never
been mentioned until recently but with
scorn and indignation. But 1 maintain
that not one ol them—no, not one—
goes lo show that the other parties to
the compact might not, if they had been
so minded, have rightfully insisted upon
enforcing their construction of the con
tract. 1 will only remark as to Georgia
and the Cheiokees. that as that State
was clearly right in her pretensions from
first to last, so she maintained her rights
by open force, and made no scruple a
buut professing to do so.
Mr. President, the argument which I
now advance is too clear for controver
sy. ii addresses itself to the common
sense of mankind, and the bare stating
of it is sufficient to show how incongru
ous and absurd the doctrine of the veto
is so far as it rests upon the general rea
sonings, and the law of nature—the on
ly law acknowledged by sovereigns.—
But if any authority he wanted to con
firm it, then is ahumidance of it at hand.
Look into the wmings of publicists—
they are ail full ofit. By the establish
ed law of nations, each party construes
a treaty for itself—hut then it allows the
other lo do lire same, and if the differ
ence between them be deemed import
ant enough that the other lias the op
tion either of rescinding the whole trea
ty, (in the case before us, putting the
Vitale out of (he Union) or making war
to enforce it. *lf one of the allies fails
in hi* engagements, says Valtel, the oth
er may constrain him to fulfil them :
this is the right derived from a perfect
promise. Hut if he has no other way
hut that of arms to constrain an ally to
keep his word, it is sometimes more ex
pedient to disengage himself from his
promise* and breuk the treaty. He has
undoubtedly a right to do this ; having
promised only on condition that his ally
slia II accomplish or. his side, every thing
he is obliged to perfoiiii The ally of
fended or iujttied in what relates to the
treaty, may then choose either to oblige
the perfidious ally to fulfil Ins engage
ments or declare the treaty broken, by
the violation.’— Eatl. See. 1 00. This
civilian then proceeds to lay down the
rule, that the violation of one article of
I treaty is a violation ofthe whole, lie
admits that this ought not to he rashly
done, mid says that the sovereign deem
ing himself aggrieved ‘is permitted to
threaten lhe other to renounce the en
tire treaty— a menace that may be lawful
ly put in execution if it be despised. —
Buell is doubtless the conduct which
prudence, moderation, the love of peace
and charity would commonly prescribe
to trillions. Who will deny this and
madly advance that sovereigns are allow
ed suddmly to haw recourse to arms or
only to break every treaty of alliance for
the least subject of complaint ! But the
case hero is about a right, and not about
the steps that ought lo he taken besides
llie principle upon which such a Iron
tiary] decision is founded, is absolutely
unsupportable,’ Sic. and he goes on to
demonstrate this more ut large—lie
quotes Grotius to show that this clause
is sometimes inserted, ‘that a violation
of someone of the articles shall net
break the whole, in order that one of
the parties should not get rid ol lhe en
gagement on account of a small offence,’
See See. iOg.
Now it would he mere ravelling lo
say, that Vatlel allows of this appeal to
a rms only, where the party that has re
course to such measures is, in fact, in
jured ; for the question recurs who is to
judge of that ? Each party judges for
itself at its peril, and war alone can
“ arbitrate the event,” or if a peaceful
course be prefened, the whole compact
is at an end.
Shall I lie (old; in answer to this rea
soning and the concurring opinions of
all publicists of respectability, that Mr.
Madison and Mr. Jefferson ilid not think
so in ‘37? Sir, if they taught any other
doctrine, 1 leave it to those who have
better understanding than mine, to ex
plain what was then meant. But if it
he affirmed that the purport of their re
solutions was, that the inherent attribute
or Sovereignty of any single party of
the federal compact may interpose iu
order to prevent the execution of a law
passed by all the rest, and (hat the others
may not maintain their construction of
the constitution, either by coercing that
single State into acquiescence, or shut
ting her out of the Union altogether, at
their option, then I have no hesitation
in declaring it as my opinion, that they
advanced a proposition, inconsistent
with eveiy principle of public law, with
out a shadow of foundation in the Con
stitution of the United States, and ut
terly repugnant to the common sense of
mankind. Ami what, if they did ad
vance such a paradox, so novel, so sin
gular, so incomprehensible? Are the
opinions of two men—however respec
table and distinguished—speculative o
pinions too, for neither Virginia nor
Kentucky made a case by acting upon
these notions—are the adventurous and
speculative opinions of two individuals,
conceived and put forth in a time of
ureat excitement, to settle the public
law of this country, every thing in our
constitution, and our Common sense to
the contrary, notwithstanding? Why,
sir, even under the feudal system—a
scheme of organized anarchy, if I may
use the expression—the most that an
injured feudatory ever claimed, was the
right to make war upon his lord, who
denied him justice, without incurring
the penalties of treason. But it was
reserved lor the nineteenth century to
discover that great secret of internation
al law—and to deduce it, too, by abstract
reasoning, upon the fitness of things—a
right of war in one party out of twenty
four, whenever the mood prompts, or of
doing what amounts to an act of war,
accompanied by the duty of implicit
gequ: p scence in all the rest! But the
truth is, tiit’ neither Mr. Jefferson nor
Mi. Madison J.’.’Ui a,, y sneh wild and
! chimerical conceits; as, * think per
fectly demonstrable from the very *r xts
cited, to maintain the opposite opinion, j
1 hive had occasion, fiequentlv, to ex
amine this subject, and 1 speak with
confidence upon it. And, assuredly,
that confidence is not diminished by the
emphatic declaration of Mr. Madison
himself—by the contemporaneous ex
position of the resolutions in the Vir
ginia Assembly—by the disavowal of
the doctrine by all the leading members
of the democratic party, with Mr. Liv
ingston at their head—and by (he un
feigned surprise which the whole coun
try, Virginia and Kentucky included,
expressed upon the first propounding of
this extraordinary proposition; in IB£B.
The Virginia resolutions talk of the
right to interpose—do they say what is
to ensue upon the exercise of that right?
No, sir, they thought that iutelligihle
enough—they were asserting no more
than what has hern so expressively and
pointedly designated as the “ right to
fight,” and they meant, if they meant
any thing more than a declaration of
opinion, to back their declarations by
100,000 militia, as I understand the
phrase of the day to have been. This
is the plain English of the matter—
and .ie ground of objection to the
“ Carolina doctrine,” as it has been
called, (though I doubt, not very accu
rately,) is, that it is not put it) plain
English—that the people mat be led by
a fatal deception, to do what they have
never seriously contemplated, and wlinf
no people ought to do without a solemn
self-examination, and a deliberate view
to consequences.
Sir; We have heard of “nursery tales
of raw head and bloody hones.” lam
sorry that such an expression escaped
tlie lips of the distinguished person who
uttered it, and 1 lament still more that
he gave it to the world in print. lam
sure when he conics to reconsider* lie
cannot approve it—unless, indeed, lie
means to declare that the rest of the
State* are too cowardly or too feeble
even to attempt to enforce their con
struction of the compact. This may he
so, but for my part, I cannot consent to
act upon such a calculation. If we do
what we firmly believe it is our duty to
do, let us make up our minds to meet all
consequences. If there is any feature
of the American Revolution more ad
mirable than another, it is that otlr la
thers had fully counted the costs before
they took a single step. The leaders of
the people were at great pains to mfoim
them of the perils and privations which
they were about to encounter. They
put them upon their guard against pre
cipitate det rininmiont. They impres
sed it upon their minds that a period
was at hand which called lor “patience
and heroic martyrdom”—they had not
as yet a country to save, or a govern
ment worthy lo be transmitted to poste
lily, or how touch more anxious would
their deliberation* have been! The lan
guage of a great popular leader at Bos
ton, before the first overt-act of resis
tance, h*s made a deep impiession up
on my mind, and deserves to be repeat
ed here. ‘* It is nor the spirit that va
pouis within these walls, (said Mr.
fjoiucy) that must stand u instead
The exertions of this day will call forth
events which will make a very different
spirit necessary lor our salvation.—
Look lo file end. Whoever supposes
tli it shouts and hosannas will terminate
the trials of this day, entertains a child
ish fancy. We must he grossly igno
rant ol the importance and the value of
the ptizn we are contending for—we
must he equally ignorant of the power
of those who are contending against us
—we must he blind to that malice , invet
eracy, and insatiable revenge which ac
tuate our enemies, to hope that we shall
end tins controversy, without the sharp
est, sharpest conflicts—lo flatter our
selves that popular resolves, popular
hiiiangues, popular acclamations and
popular vapor, will vanquish our foes
Let us const'!*) ths issue. Let ns teeigh
j and consider before w e advaucg to those
. measures which must bring on the most
’ trying and terrible struggle this country
ever saw.”
To this complexion it must come at
last, and the only question now submit
ted to the people of’ South-Carofina, is
—Are you ready to absolve yourselves
from your allegiance to the Govern
ment ol the United States, and to take
and maintain your station, as a separate
commonwealth among the nations of
the earth ?
1 have confined myself, in the discus
sion of this subject, to a single point in
one branch of it* J have said nothing
about the extent of onr grievances, so
enormously exagerated “ Exposition.”
Even in regard to the pfoposed remedy
of Nullification, I have chosen to take
up the question as it is presented by the
warmest advocates of that doctrine—
and I submit that I have made it plain,
that even on their own shewing, it is ne
cessarily an act of war—a revolutionary
measure. But in doing so, 1 have con
ceded a great deal too much—l have
allowed them to treat our elaborate and
peculiar polity, which we have been
taught to regard as one of the master
pieces of human invention—as if it
were the coarsest and loosest of those
occasional expedients, to preserve peace
among foreign powers, leagues, offensive
and defensive. If their argument is
wholly inconclusive, and indeed mani
festly incongruous and absmd even in
this point of view, what shall he said of
it, w hen it is thoroughly and critically
examined with reference to a true state
of the case? Sir, 1 have no language
to express fnv astonishment, that such
a doctrine should have found any coun
tenance from the able and enlightened
men who have given in their adhesion
to it.
Wc have been taunted as submission
ists—l am not afraid of a nickname—
“ ’Tis ihe eye of childhood that fears a
painted devil.” It would be easy—ve
ry, very easy to retort—but 1 prefer'ac
cepting our own denomination and pot
ting my own interpretation upon it.—
I give you, Sir, the Submission men of
South Carolina—
“ They dare do all that may become e
man
Who dares do more, is none.”
Coiuiiiiiiiication.
Air. Editor. —It will he recollected
that Congiess passed an act on the Sd
of March, 1826, appropriating twenty
thousand dollars, and directed a survey
of the Peninsula of Florida, with a view
of ascertaining the practicability of
“utting a National Canal across the
1 stliinu', bet"**! l th e Gulf of Mexico
and tnC Atlantic.
Two brigades of United States En
gineers were dei.wM the summer fol
lowing, agreeable i C direciions horn
Brigadier General I’ERrA.’ ,D ’ re(;on ’
noier and mike preliminary surveys,
for the purpose of ascertaining the CZ~
pahilitv of the Isthmus for a canal, and
of what size.
Such weie the laborious duties and
national importance of the surveys,
that the Board of Internal Improve
ment at Washington, could not prepare
themselves to make an official report up
on the subject, Until February 1829
when they reported that they had found
it practicable to construct a Steam-Boat
Canal, fiom the Suwannee to tne St.
John’s river, by way of the Santa-Fe
and Black Creek—tile distance for ex
cavation from 46 to 48 miles.
It was desirable on the part of Con
gress to have had a ship canal, but the
Isthmus was found incapable, upon the
summit level, cl furnishing a sufficient
supply of water for a Canal of such large
dimensions.
During the last session of Congress,
another act was pissed, appropriating
810,409 SO, for the puipose of making
the definite survey, and an estimate of
the cost of the work.
In pursuance of this last act Engin
eers nave been detailed to locate lhe ex
act route of the Canal —to bore the
earth and sink shafts upon the summit
level, and to make minute experiments
us the extent of the practicability, and
to report to the ensuing session of Con
gress. the measurement and estimated
cost of the work, to complete the said
canal, to connect the Steam Boat waters
of the Gulf of Mexico and the At
lantic.
In the rounds of my present tour thro’
the Southern and Western paitsof the
State, 1 met with the llom Joseph M.
White, a few days ago, at Marion,
Twiggs county, riirect from Florida.—
lie informed me that it had been ascer
tained by the Engineers, who have by
this time nearly completed their final
suivey, that they had found more
water io supply the C anal, upon the
summit level Ilian was discovered in the
former suivey; and that, in sinking
shafts, they had met with no subterra
neous passage; but found the materi
als of which the earth is composed be
neath, highly favorable for the excava
tion, being clay and stratum* of hard
mixed earth, mterspersed with quarries
of lime stone rock, which will easily
yield to art and labor.
As tliis information is important to
the country, and was not communicated
as a secret, 1 trust it will not he deemed
improper for me lo notice it through the
public journals.
We may now expect that the subject
will be uflicially repotted lo Congress,
al the ensuing session, as preparatory to
the passage ol an act, appropriating the
amount ol money which may be requi
red lo carry this gieat national woik in
to complete and suecesstul operation,
with as little delay as the nature of it*
importance will admit; which will pro
duce an era, ol no less magnitude lo lhe
agiiculiuial and commercial piospenty
ol die Noriliem and Western (Bales, as
lo the Middle and Southern Slate*upon
the Atlantic. A Hieutu Boat may then
leave Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, or the
Mandan Villages, in the extreme North
western Territory, with a full cargo, and
land the same at Charleston, South Ca
rolina. or any other of the intermediate
ports, and tetiirn to the place Irom
wlienre she may start, laden with mer
chandise for the consumption ol tlie vast
intciior ol lhe United States, and Ter
ritories, The Island of Cuba, will no
longer be considered a key so the Mis
sissmni and the Gulf of Mexico.
1 * W. U. DAVIS.
Clinton, July <4, ISSI.
MACON,
Saturday, July 30.
07*’ We are authorised to announce
the following ticket, for State Legisla
ture, from Bibb county :
for senate
AMBROSE BABER.
FOR REPRESENTATIVE
TARPLEY HOLT,
Much’ dissatisfaction hns been felt and
expressed by the citizens of our County,
at the course recently pursued by the
Central Bank. Availing themselves of a
clause (and a strange one it is) in their
charter, of requiring additional security
upon paper running to maturity—they
have made calls upon many of our citi
zens, whose responsibility is unquestion
able, and moreover whose nbility to pay
their debts has not been impaired since
the inception of their contracts, to
strengthen their paper; where the dc
mund has not been complied with, suit
has been instituted. Oppressive and no
vel as the rule may be, if its application
has been made unirtrial by the directors,
we cannot complain ; but it is said, the
operation of this rule has been local, and
that the citizens of Bibb county have been
the principal sufferers. Our Town has
been visited by commercial misfortunes,
it is true, and from this circumstance, the
credit of the mercantile purt of the com
munity perhaps, has been impaired in the
estimation of those at a distance, who
are not conversant with the situation of
their affairs. But there are others of our
citizens who are in no wise interested in
these losses, that have been ngrieved by
these visitations. The question has been
frequently put to us, why is it so? We
have answered and still believe it may be
so, that the Directors adopted some par
ticular criterion to judge of the credit of
their debtors, which was intended to be
general in its application. The people,
however, have n wish and a right to be
satisfied upon the subject.
Wc coiild not better fill n portion of our
paper, than with a part of the very able
speech of Mr. Legare, delivered at the
Dinner of the Union and State ltights par
ty in Charleston, on the 4th iust. We
would have wished to have given also,
the speech of Gov. Hamilton, or some
other distinguished gentleman of the op
posite party, in order to place their res
pective doctrines in bold relief, and
thus enable such of our renders ns are
loth to dive in the mysticisms and sophistries
of Nullification, to observe at a glance,
why, how and wherefore, the people of
Bouth-Ciirolinn, are agitating the country, j
Mr. Legare repels indignantly the impu
tation that the Union party entertain a
sham hostility to the Tariff acts :—the
people of M. Carolinn ofnll parties arc nenr
ly unanimous in their opposition to the
Tariff, ns an unconstitutional, unjust and
inexpedient measure. There is no differ
ence of opinion between them on this
point; the imposition ofthe burthen is too
onerous, too pressing, for the oppressed to
be unconscious of the weight which is I
I bearing them down. But how is it with I
Ge.;r‘rin ’ Strange ns it may seem, there I
arc many, Very runny in this State, who j
entertain a di/ler. .' 1 ? opinion, eredat Jude- j
us, 4 c. who are not, o’ ’'cetenif not to be, i
sensible of the burthen oi this partial j
system of taxation—The forbearance of
those who thus kiss the rod which scourg
es them, manifests at least in a moral
point ot view, a eharituble and pacific
deposition. We are not disposed to
regard the operation of the Tariff in
the same light with a part of South-Ca
rolina, i. e. to consider it as the immediate
and exclusive ca- ‘ of the j,resent misfor
tunes which oppress the South, whether
they be in the fail of our produce, or the
depreciation of property, nor do we alto
gether subscribe to the novel theories of
Mr. McDufiie, in his details ot the ratio
of burthen upon the producer and consu
mer; still less are we disposed to adopt
revolutionary measure* as a corrective.—
We knotv of very few in this State, who
are disposed to go to this ultima thule of
despair. We know nnd feel that these
restrictions upon Free Trade are tanta
mount to the encouragement of tnonopo- ,
lies—and that these monopolies arc ,
• ibiersive ofthe peace, happiness and j
prosperity of the country, hut we are !
not prepared to soy that we ore ein- I
powered to remove these grievances
in as summary a manner a* we would
abate a common nuisance. The >ore
reignly of the Slates is 11 valuable and pre
cious reservation, which our forefathers
who cemented with their wisdom and
their blood this happy Union, left us for
very tar dilierent purposes, than the pro
motion or sanction of devolution.—Wc
would follow to the lust gap of loyal
ty, in seeking redress for w hat we believe
real grievances, “ but thus fur would we
go nnd no farther;” at the threshold of
revolution we would stop, ns we would
arrest our steps at the brink of a preci
pice, nnd calculate the value ofthe stuke,
and the chance of salvation, before we
precipitated ourselves in the abyss.—
Neither do we tliiuk that our friends if
Mouth Carolina are disposed to proceed to
such extremities; they Luxe winced much
under the galling yoke—they have spoken
of their grievances in hyperbolic lan
guage, and demagogues, wbo are to be
found every where, have in their tempes
tuous moments of feeling, suggested re
medies, which smack of revolution, but
this patriotic and chivalrous state enter
tain no designs against the Union, they
have repelled all such imputations, and
at a large meeting comjtosed of the prin
cipal men of their party, passed a resolu
tion, “ that the imputation upon the State
Rights nnd Free Trade party, of their en
tertaining any design against the Union
of these States, come from what quarter
it may, is a base dnluinny.” But be
“their intents wicked or charitable,”
Georgia is not implicated with any
selieines at variance with an ardent devo
tion to the Union. Shr is ns tenacious
us the most sensitive Nullitirr can he, of
her sovereignty, and will wnteh, yea and
resist too, in a constitutional mode, any
transgressions upon her reserved rights.
An impression would fein he mult’ by
many in the Hate, that the Troup party
are. not only disposed to give their sy mpa*
(hies to their Mouth Carolina brethren,
but are anxiously waiting for a demonstra
tion on their part, to second their efforts
ofresisia-ici—lha tey are mi the ? tie t ire,
with ears erect, listening for the watch
cry of sedition. But this is not .so, we
would pour oil upon the troubled wsters,
4 preach forbearance under injuries re
ceived, rather than urge them on to re
sistance. Mtrrnuous eHbrts have lieen
made, the object of which is apparent, to
identity Georgia in this contest. The
insinuation is daily thrown out, nay the
direct charge iiindr, that wo (the Troup
party ) are nuilitiers. This is a base cal
umny —a mere trick of party, used for
sinistrr purposes, by disingenuous can
didates. With as equally s logical pro
cess of ratiocination ns our adversaries
pursue to Hx the stigma of Nullification
upon us, we might retaliate the charge
Upon ilieui. Tlie leader of their party,
(we adjudge him to be so, as he is fheir
candidate for Governor,) is the personal
and intimate friend of Mr. Calhoun, & Mr.
Calhoun it is thought is strongly tinged
with this heterodoxy —the accusation lias
been made against him of being the au
thor of n certain report, which contains
any thing else but pacific doctrines, and
he has not denied it. Mr. Lumpkin him
self has been suspected of being influ
enced by these opinions of his friend,
nnd been openly charged with it; if the
doctrines be so obnoxious as these gen
tlemen seem to thiuu they are, the op
portunity of repelling these imputations
would have been seized with avidity.—
But they have been us sifent ns the grave,
and iftiilenre gives consent, Mr. Calhoun
and Mr. Liifnpkiu, the former the quon
dam idol, and the latter the candidate for
Governor of the Clark party, have both
acknowledged the truth and justice of the
charge.
We have extended our remarks much
farther than we intended, our object was
more purtielllHrly to invite the attention
of our renders to Mr. Legnre’s speech.
The Mouth Carolina doctrines are handled
with singular ability, and the reader will
be thrice repaid for his time and trouble,
in getting a perspicuous exposition of
what is now of general inU-reSt.
Accounts have been received in Charles
ton from Liverpool, to the 18th ult. in
clusive.
The cotton market was in a depressed
state. Imports during the week were
56,898 bags, sales in the same time 14,-
790—quotations from fat. to G 5-Sd.
Parliament met on the 14th ult. Mr.
Munners Mutton was chosen speaker.—
Nothing had yet been done on the reform
question. The session it was supposed
would be a very short one, all tears ofthe
result of the discussion on the bill hud
vanished.
Don Pedro, whose abdication of the
throne of Brazil has been before announ
ced, arrived with the Ex-Empress ut Ply -
mouth. It is a subject of some specula
tion, what will be his future course.—
Whether he will attempt to expel his bro
ther from the throne of Portugal, or sit
dowu quietly in retirement.
The Poles still continue to be .success
ful, notwithstanding all the difficulties
they have bod to encounter. The late
news is very encouraging, there have
been frequent engagements, in all of
which the Poles have been triumphant.
In the provinces of Lithuania und Volhy
nin, the *p rlt of patriotism is active, nnd
the number of insurgents were increas
ing daily'.
The politicul exeitemrnt in France was
very great. The puvties for and against
the ministry, were about equally divided,
and the consequences ot the issue it was
apprehended would be serious. The mi
nistry, particularly the Premier, M. Cusi
mir Perrier, was prosecuting a foreign
policy at variance with the revolutionary
mind, and the King who wishes to ac
commodate all parties had lost much of
his popularity.
At the instance of our mutual friends,
a desire expressed by many ofthe read
ers of our respective papers, and in
consonance with.our individual feelings,
j we have come to a tree understanding,
! and reciprocal arrangement, in relation
I to the “controversy” which tins existed
, between us. In making 1 this known to
I our readers respectively, existing facts
render it unnecessary to recapitulate our
agreement. It is believed, that the ex
citement produced by the remarks of each
of us, are without interest to our readers.
’.These considerations have induced us to
discontinue un unprofitable controversy.
M. I). J. BLADE,
M. ROME.
COMMUNICATED.
Mr. Editor,
As I expected, Mr. Slade finds it rasi
ei to make assertions than to prove them.
It is a most miserable shift for an editor,
to refuse to substantiate positions which
he has assumed, because he is called up
on by an unknown individual, to verify
what he has said. If he were at all te
nacious of Character, the bare reflection
upon his veracity would make him soli
citous to confirm by tacts, what he has
stated to be true. I have made no direct
charges against Mr. Blade. I have not
said that his assertion ‘• that the Banks
are rotten borough corporations,” Ac.
Sue. are or are not true. I have only asked
him to prove his statements and convince
a large portion ot the community who are
interested in the subject, and Who will
thank him for the information, it is ask
ing too much ot his readers to regard hitn
as oracular upon all subjects. lam now
convinced of what 1 before suspected,
that he is about As well informed upon this
subject as any other. 04UF.R1MT.
Married.
In this place, on"thc 88th ult. bv 11. B.
Hill, Esq. Mr. Wm. Mobley, to Miss I.c
vi II in Clark.
In Twiggs county, on the 14th inst by
Wm. 11. Perkins, Esq. Mr. Isunc An
drews, (son of Robins Andrews, Esq.) to
Miss ■■ —— ” Jones. On the succeeding
day, a splendid inn-fare wan given to a
large eoileetion ot relatives and friendsat
the house of the venerable and patriotic
father ofthe bridegroom.—lli accustom
ed eeleoration ofthe 4th of July having
been suspended in consequence of antici
pating the festivities of this occasion ul
his hntlse, his address and the proceed
ings on the anniversary previous, wen
read to an attculive audience by Young
Johnston, Esq. After which on elegant
and substantial dinner was served up,
and the evening was concluded with mu
sic und dancing.
Communicated by a Curst-
Died,
In Twiggs County, on the 21th instant,
Mr. James Ouerry. lie was a good man
and an excellent citizen, possessing the
esteem snd good will ofnll whoknew him.
In this place, on the 25th inst. Oliver f
inlnnt soli of Mr. Oliver Mage, aged 10
months.
GEORGIA, Hibb county.
WIILKLAS A. It. Freeman ap
plies to me lor letters of dis
mission from the estate of Josiah Free
man, deceased.
These are therefore to cite and ad
monish all and singular, the kindred
and creditors of said deceased, to be
and appear at roy office within the time
prescribed by law, to shew cause, if any
they hare, why said letters should not
be granted.
Given tinder my hand and seal of
office, this SOtlt dv of July, 1891.
M. BIMMONS, c. c. o.
July 90
,4 DM IN {STRATUM'S b.4 I.KS.
WILL be aolil at the court-house in
Campbell county on the first Tues
day in October <•'• lot No. lit in i!
third district of Carroll now Campbell
I county, containing 202 1 2 Acres, In-long -
J ing to* the estate of Josiah Freeman de
ceased. Terms made known at the time
ofealr. A. H FREEMAN Adas’ r.
July *>, I*9l. U
uwhje norsE
AND
Commission Business.
JAMES A. BLANTON and
JEREMIAH SMITH,
UND IK THE FIRM OT
IXizAKTOZVT 6l SMITH
Respectfully tender to their
liiends and the public, their ser- 1
vices in the Ware-House and Commis
sion Business, in Macon. They have
taken the large new Ware House and
Wharf, between second and third street,
both ol which are constructed on the
most approved plan and are in fine con
dition. A convenient clove store, for
the reception of Meichandize will no
erected f orth with.
The proximity of the Ware House to
the business part of town, nnd at the
same time iis comparative remoteness
from other buildings, together with tho
advantages ol tlie excellent wharf at
tached to it, render it peculiarly conven
ient, as wdi ns, measurably exempt from
danger by fire.
Liberal advances will be made on
cotton in store or shipped by them, and
every other reasonable accommodations
granted. The personal attention of each
of the firm will be given to the busi
ness, anti their utmost exertions used to
promote the interests of their customers.
July 18, 1 G;sl. 20
ItfßW-YORK
CHEAP WHOLESALE
Cloak , Stock and Clothing ]Varc-
Jfousr , Removed.
THE SUBSCRIBER has removed hi.
establishment from No. 18 1-2 Mai
den Lane, to the spacious Btore, No. 1158,
Pearl Mtreet, over Messrs. Hyde, Cleve
land & Cos. where he will keep constant
ly on hand, u much more extensive as
sortment than formerly. The style; make
und materials of thi- Cloaks, will be
greatly improved, Hnd will be sold ut
übout the same low prices as those ofthe
last Season. He h also on hand n large
assortment of
Low Priced Clothing,
made in good style, expressly for the
Bouthcrnand Western Trade, that will
be sold at about the usual prices of the
most inferior quality—also sn assort
ment of
STOCKS,
with many other desirable articles.—
Those who will take the trouble to ex
amine Inis Slock ot Goods, will probably
satisfy themselves thill they cannot se
lect the same amount from any stock in
the city, that will be u safor or more de
sirable purchase. For sale h v
F. J. CONANT,
No. 138, Pearl-Street, New-York.
Terms —Mix months lor approved notes
payable at Banks in good standing in uny
part of the country Eight months lor
City acceptances, or 5 per cent, discount
tor cash—ln all eases where, the time is
extended, interest will be charged at the
rate ot G per cent, per annum. Any
Goods purchased at this establishment
that do not suit the market for which
they were intended, will be exchanged
fbr others,
Hj ‘l'he H nshington XeWs will please
insert the above weekly for 12 weeks,
inside only, and forward each paper con
taining the insertion.
May 7, JB3J 9-l-2w
Tax (ol let tor'tt Sale.
WILL be sold, at the Court House in
Clinton, Jones county, on the first
Tuesday in October next, within the Us
ual hours ot sale, the following property,
or so much thereof as will satisfy the
1 axes and costs, of the several individu
als returning the same, for their taxes for
the year 1830.
490 Acres of LAND No. 101, in
the 3d district ol Rabun county, levied on
to satisfy the tax of James Peihly for tho
yenr 1830. Tax due $1 loots. fim.
202 1-2 Acres of LAND No 7,
in the 13th district of Dt-Kalb county, al
so, 400 acres of LAND in Wilkes county,
on Seaverdam creek, levied on to satisfy
the tax of Mnrtha Fester, for the year
1830. Tax due #3 30cts. om.
202 1-2 Acres of LAN L>, No. 217,
in the 7th liistriet of Carroll county, le
vied on to satisfy the tax of Samuel Gam
mon, for the veur 1830. Tux due 70cts.
7m.
202 1-2 Acres of Land, No. 229,
in the slh district of Muscogee county,
levied on to satisfy the tax of Henry Pa
trick, for the year 1830. Tax due St 1
40cts. Bm.
400 Acres of Lund, No. 44, in
the 6th district of Irwin county, levied on
t satisfy the tax of Timothy Ledbetter,
for tin- year 1 *3O. Tax due f 1 Diet*, fim.
202 1-2 Acres of Lit ml, No. 268,
in the lGlh district of Pulaski county,
levied oil to satisfy- the tax of Robert Cun
ningham, for the year 1830. Tux due
ijtl G2ets. 3m.
202 1-2 Acres of Land, No. 16,
in the 251 h district of Lee county, levied
on to satisfy the tax ofDwid Mimmons,
for the yenr 1830. Tax duo 70ets. 7m.
202 1-2 Acres of Land, No. 137,
in the Ist district ot l,ce county, und No.
•6, in the 17th district of Decatur coun
ty, levied on to satisfy the tax of Joshua
Fowler, for the year 1830. Tax due SI
I Octs. Om.
202 1-2 Acres of Land, No. 148,
in the 19th district of Harris county, and
No. 183, in the 17lhdist. ofTulbot county,
levied on to sntinty the tax of t Imrlea
Harrison, fi>r the year le3o. Tax due
$3 97ct. 2m.
THOMAS GATES, T. C.
July 30 1831. 21-tds
A JIAROAXXk !
FOR SALE—The Dwcl
-I*lll bughouse ir- which Morti
-lit ttM n,L ‘ r Wallis now resides,
HnK together with the lot, out
houses. and nil tho other improver., eu t s
thereupon situate. The House t.s pleas
antly situated, fronting the Court-House
Mquurr, and is a very desirable residence.
Possession will be given at Christmaa.
For terms which will Im* accommodating
apidv at THIS OFFICE.
July 30, 1831
NOTICB,
Tilt- connect.on heretofore exist
ing hetHcen the subscribers un
der the firm of L. Newcomb, expires
this day, by its nan limitation—all debts
duo to and from the conrern ot L.
Newcomb, will be settled bv L. New
comb. L. NEWCOMB,
JOHN T. LAMAR.
C. A. HIGGINS.
Macon, July 99, 1891 21
Tunwir • „
H ED-TOP, Dutch and Kuta Bags
■ Turnip seed, for sale ntlhe Book-
Store of £_ ROME (V. Cos.
JOB rmTTTXTta
rxict'TiD ATTuu orncg,