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DOMESTIC.
THE V\ Mi WITH MEXICO.
The Washington lnon his an gniclt on thi* ul>
from *hich we ropy the following pafmee? on
r.cco!2:t > f t he inteft which will he attached tu them
*.• coming from the official journal of the AdininuUa
non ■
This ic not. on our putt, h war cf aggression ; but
to batten its conclusion orul to limit the has of iii
and property, the trriitcry ts Mexico must ho reachfii
ly an Atneiican urrnv, po as to dictate those terms
which will secure u* from future injustice and injury,
i he temporary possession of the soil ot Mexico must
and ride the lute of the country, anil our -.twn thnuld
therefore he turned not only to the chastisement of the
hies* vs Aint.i, riol the blockade of h*r porta, hul to,
the hold and epirdy occupation of her atronghold*.
The* Mexican j npulsti* n ran oiler hut a slight rc
oir if to the .North American rare. Its mo,ley char*
actvr and physical structuic are the surest indications
cf and teat— for out if a. veil millions of souls, four aid
lions up Indians, and the remaining three millions,
but ttvHve hundred thousand are whiles.
Whilst thus averting our rights, and vet striiulv
mainta niog our treaty sii( illation* w ith Mexico, w hich
eurviie the comrmncf’tneiit of hostilities, we are bound
f ; pr>!ei't our citizens ot: the ocean from the wanton
grant of letters of marque and repris and to foreigners
and foreign vcpscU sailing under the Mexican flag.
Mexico has litertll) no commercial marine, and her |
navy is a merely nominal urn*. fc*'he has but two or j
three ports on the gulf, tnil no .Mexican i*eU which 1
can he legitimately converted into privateers. The
treaty with Spa n iWelf, as was shown in the last eve- j
fling's Union, treats ail such ♦•seels a piratical, and !
condemns the oil ruling >| anish scanuu to he hung j
up at the yaid-trin * a piiate.
Mr. L> “rrion has shown the proper deg'ee of vigil-’
ancc, by moving yesterday a resolution instructing the I
Ju he jry Colon.;'tl to inquire w hrther any, and what,
legislation l m ,css.ry to give eflect to the l Ith arfi- j
clt of tfe treaty of *7th October, 1795. between the !
United Huh* a* 1 Spun, (by which the euhj eU of
Bpt n are prh>i red fr,*n- taking out IfUer* of msrqe
ogeirstthe Uni*ed States, undci the penalty of being
treated ns praUs,”)snd that they report by hill or
otherwise. M*. Beirien explained the necessity of
locking into l!i> mailer, in consequence of the pas
*,aze of the bill fecogn-zicg ti e existence of . w r with
Mexico, and the probability that privaUe.s might be
fi’tril nut in the island of Cola.
Another con*idrradon also deserves to be noted. A
vessel purporting to s>! under a Mexican flag. can
scarcely pas* into a Mexican port, became it may bt
bWka-.'id. M oat, then, w ill she do with any prize
*he may wile! IShe c nnot carry ihecsp ured vessel
i**u any other port for condemnation; mid if she un
dertake* to condemn the prize ut sea, without going
into on aJuiimity c, ua lor adjudication, she acts Idtc
h pirate, anal would le treat'd a such.
f'.'itm the Wushingtun Union nf Saturday evening
V.ILI LAKY AKKANt.EMi:N I S
During the week ti.e moat active pupaiaiiona have
1 % n made to give eilrd to the measures of Congress
• l>r a vigorous prose* utmn of the war with Mexico.—
\\ e do not doubt tuat the large di rrelien given tojhc
President, will be fund to he in eifa hand-. While
the public may test assured that the utmost care will
be used to cuitouii tCSkomy, anil t* nccu?e force c >tn
jKt-n'.tothe p otretmn of the national hon *. ami to
a s; eedy termination of tlie war, we do nut apprehend
tbs', baif the uuthoryed runnier of troops wil* be irn
oicdis'ely mus'ered into scivice.
True economy and a due regard to the highest na
tional interests, however, mike it indispensable, that n
force shall be at once put Into active service, extraor
dinary for us in point of numbers, and so large that
rjffireis of the highest rank will of necessity bo in
c mmand. From the mixed c har**cer of the corps —
partly of regular troops, and more largely nf volun
teers— it seems na'ural that the general-.a chief of the
army should take the field —and we presume that
General Scull will, us a matter of course, assume the
co rimvnd.
We uiderafand that the volunteer troop* to !** im
tredlstely railed into spruce will he taken f nrn the
Sta'.e ii a r est t<j ihe scene of operation-*, and for them
lh.* n cossary oiders have been issued. Measures have
4UO been t.ifceu to have the icsidue of the authorized
force organized, to be called i it > the seivice of their 1
country at tin* shortest notice, if the public exigencies
require i'. We und, istjnd that portions will In* called
fin from each Mute and Territo.y, so that an oppoitu
nriy vul! be allotded to all tier gallant sous to partici
pate in ihe defence of their cnuntiy.
‘l'he Union, n another article, says—
We are informed by an intelligent phyiTcian. who
was a native of this city, but who resided lor seveial
years lothe wist of the Itio (ir iiulc, whu married a
M e ican !ad), who was an Un ted States consul, prac
tised physic sev ml years in the vicinity of MaUmoros.
and is imiruttlelv acquainted wi h tie climate, as well
a- the habits of the Miiicaris. that ul hough at a cer
tain season of (ho ycir it is unhealthy at Matannxo*
nnd on the immediate hordeis if the river, yet that sev
eral miles from it the a juo and level is unknown. The
climate for several miles beyond, away oil* lu the west
la remarkably healthy.
A Washington letter of the I.s‘h instmt. published
in the Philadelphia North Amu ican, inaka the fol
lowing impoitant stalement:
I rrgrel to furl that tlie views wliii h If It mys* If
compelled to submit to the public in my last latter,
are concurred in by those h se opinions are of much
(treater consequent c at thisjunc ue, and whose actum ,
may deti rraine the future a- stiny f our counhy. It j
ia the belief of the Presidcut. of Af r. Huchanan, of,
the er.tire Cabmeut, and of Mr. Blidell, thaf (best
Uriuiti is ( ti c bottom of this movement on the part
of Mexico, and it ha* been unanintuutly determined,
after the fullnt deliberation, L) prosteuie the uur
with the utmost vigor und expedition , that the re•
eourctn granted by Congress will admit . All the
force I hoi ntonei/ can omnium! will hr brought into
the field at once und terma if settlement will he dic
tated upon Mix can suit, h fore am/foreign co npcra- i
tion ran he procur'd, units, hy /ire.ions understand
ing assistance has already been tent. Ido nut be
lieve it will lent ninely day., for these energetic moas
tues are calculated to crush sny efl'nt that .Mexico
may make, or that her best condition will allow.
Much 1 hnnw to tic ihe purpose of the Piesident and
Cthuii t, after a long consultation, nnd mav lie relied
Upon, even nwutlst the itmus ind repiul. .which are dai
ly spread ft out ihe nuieh tli.lurhed centre. On t small ’
vrescel. have been ordered to cruise us) Porto Rico and
l’ub. to intercept piivurer., and ihe squadron in the
i'acifir, to form at M izvilsn m outer to conrenfaie a
movement upon Vera Cruz, if necer-ury. or wherever
else insv he deter mired’
Mr. Uui'hansn received all the principal Foreign
Minister, aucrraaivelv, at different hours today, in re
ference to ihe existing war with Merieo. I have not
heen able lo gel al Ihe result of these interviews, hut
regsrJ them as of no .perial moment; referring ilouht
loss lo the inieie.ts of their respective governments.
Th* Wsshineton eorteepundent of the New York
Tribune aUo relers to the su.perird irilerfeience of |
European p >w*rs in ourrilation, wtih.Mrxio. 11.
eays—
Afiei nut h Ihnnght I cannot and spnasrss myself es i
llio helief that England u fence.ned in thia movi'm.'iit |
of Meziro. lam in |.nicaslnn nf evidence that the
l ist reiiil.irreinenl* of ihe Mezic.vn snny weie nut ot- ]
dared to he concentrated ot M itzirioro. until about Ihe
middle nf April, alter the rrci ipt of intelligence from
Orest Dm.in, w hich had been so amiou.lv looked for,
and thst not tilt then were Ihe operation, un.lert*ken
With spirit and vigor. J should be glad to tnr deceived
on tills point, hul fear I shall not he again. ‘l'he ie
markable alliance between Fiance und L ngUnd must
base ulterior ofjecli in view ; and miv not th* l.ttef,
10 l lock up the progress of tho United State, and to
rain, s counltr Government on out frontier, have agreed
to eatahli.h a Monarchy in Meiico in the (era nos th,
l>uke Ua Moot pen,or, the young son ill Do uia PbtU
lipp* I Thia suggestion was presented to me from an
important auurrs threa *r more months ago, and seem
ed t afract no little alt. niton when I laid it hefora
•he public. In the priacnt jun-lu e the prubahihty is
Hurt plausible.
rrvot thi Haiti more American,
THE NATIONAD FINANCES-Til 2 TARIFF.
The impression seems to he general—and it is un
doubtedly the common aetieu view .if ih, aubyvet—that
n th* present attitude of our foreign relations the de
gn rs uvsilbrowing iheTariff must I*- rntuely gieen
pp. Should the war with Meiico cunliooe Dr some
tn-Tubs. ind Mexican privauen take tlie eeas in num
; hers, our conunerce would he sensibly curtailed and j
the revenue derivable from the importations of foreign
goods he materially diminish* and, Ti> reduc>* the rates,
of duly under such ciicumstsnces would he to rtduce
utill more the cah rcsourceH of the Cjotsrnmerit.
Speaking on thie subject, a New York paper tiys
•• We differ entirely Iroin the President' * ot2an in
\\ Behcngron, in bclieting that the tsiill should he
modtfird *.r altered during the existeme of the war
with Mexico. ‘I bis opinion pievails among political
men ol wit parties—among th*>se who weie in tavwr of
such an alteration, at the c.rn mm cement of the acs
wion of Congress, qj well a* among thus? who were
opposed to it. It is true the present Tariff* may be
modified in some slight degree, as oil the principles of
equity. &* to increase the revenue cons stent with
tie cind*iirrmerits; but we do not believe that in the
state of our foreign relations any oilier modification
w ill t>- attempt'd. There are twelve millions in the
Trer.sucv. surplus—ten millions of ibis vuui is alitaJy
appropriated by Congress, to begin t'ie operations
against the Mexicans; but we are very much afraid
that this will be a mere hagdrMe to what will bo re
quired b. fort the w*nr is terminated. It is possible that
in the fir<t y*ar of the war. the aggregate expenses of
ihe country may reach fifty millions—thirty-five mil
lions of this sum must tome from ike revenue, and
the remainder Ity the issue of treasury notes. Under
Much h view of things, there is no prospect of any
<har e in the tariff, nor yet of the pasonge of the sub
treasury. AH these matter* must be poatj tned for the
present.'*
UPPER CALIFORNIA.
XXTIIACTS rROM A LBTTXH JHOM CAPA. HF-lIONT, I*.
S ARMT, PATFII
Yerha , Buena. Bay of St. Fran risen,
Upper California, Jan. 24, 184 C. 3
Now. as rapidly as possible, I will tell ysu where I
have been, and where 1 am going. I crossedtha Rocky
Mountains on the main Arkansas, fussing nut at its
very head-water; explored the southern shore cf the
great Halt I.ake, and visited one of it* islands. You
know that on every extant map. manuscript or printe I,
the w hole of the Great lkasin is irpresentcd as a sandy
plain . barren, without water, an*) without 2 r as. Tell
your father that, with a volunteer partv of fifieen men.
I crossed it between the parolles of 38° ami 39°. In
ate*l of i plain. I found it, throughout its whole ex
tent. trivprred by parallel ranges of lofty mountains,
their summit.’ white with snow, (October.) while be-
I>w the vglleys had none. Instead'uf a barren country, 1
the mounUtns were covered with grasses of the best
quality • wooded with several varieties of tiers, and con
taining more deer and mountain sheep than we Ind
teen ir| any previous pait of our voytzf. J**o utterly
at variance with cveiy description, from authentic ‘
sources, or bom rumor or repott, it is fair to consider
this •countrv as wholly unexplored, nnd never before
\>/<J by a white man. I mat my mrjv at the remlez
v rs, a lake southeast of the Pyramid Lake, and again
rri arstfd, sending them along tlie eastern side of the
Great Sierra, three or four hundred miles, in south
efly direction, where they were to cross into the valley
of the Bt. Jooquim, near its head. During all the
lime that I was not with them, Mr. Joseph Walker
was their guide, Mr. Talbott (tell his mother be is we!),
end does well.) in charge, nijd Mr. Kern topographer.
The eleventh day *fter leaving them 1 reached Captain
Putter** crossing tfie Sierra on the 4th Dec., before I le
snow had fallen there.
Now the Sierra is absolutely impassible, nnd the .
place of our passage two yea ago is luminous with
masses f snow. By the route 1 have explored I can
ride in thirty-five days from the Fontaine qui Bouil* I
river to ('apt. Gutter’s; and, for wagons, the road is
1 decidedly far better. I wish (his know nto your father,
as now, that the journey has bun made, it may he
said that thi* 100 was already known. 1 shall make
n short j*urey up the raMeru branch of the fcucra
men to, and go from the Tlamath lake into the Wah- 1
lahmath valley, through a pas< alluded to in my re- |
po.t ; in this way making the road into Oregon far j
shorter, and a got/d r<a*d in place nf the present very
bad one down the Columbia. When l shall have
made thisshoit exploration. I shall base explored fiorn
beginning to end this road to Oregon.
I have j it returned wilh my party of aixleen, from
an exploring jourr.sy In tlie Noire Nevada, from the !
neighhoihnod of Sutter's to the head* of the Lake
, Foik a , We pot among hetvy snows on mountain
summits, there more rugged than I hid elsewhere met
them; suffered again a* in our first passage; got j
among the • horse thi* vc?,* (Indians who lay waste the
California fiontiei,) fought several battles, am! fought
our way down into the plain again,an l back to Suiter’s.
Tall you* father that I have something handsome to
tell him of some exploits of Carson and Dick Owens,
and others.
I am going now on business to xsesome gentium n
on Ihe cua.t, and will then join my people, and com
plete uui survey in thi* part of the world a* rapidly a*
possible. The aroson ia now just ai riving when vege
tation is coming nut in till the beauty 1 have often de
scribed tu yon, and in that part of our labels I shall
giHltfy all my hopes. I And the theory of oui Great
Basin fully coufi.med in having for it. southern boun
dary ranges of I ..fry mountain*. So soon a* the pto
p r season comes, and my animals ate tested, we turn
our laces homeward, aid be suto that grass will not
grow under or feet.
All uur people ate. well, and we have had no sirk
nee* of any kind among u- ; to that I h. pe lo be able
to bring back with me all that I carried out. Many
moi.tha of hardships, clean trial*, and anxieties have
tried me severely, and my hair i. turning gray before
■ its time. But all this passes, rt le bon temps viendra.
* Uniting Spriue riv er in Enclisli. This is the outside
settlement on the Ai kuusas, Hboul seventy miles strove
Item’s Fort, where old retired hunters nnd trader*, w ith
Mexican and In.liun wivrs, and their children, have col
lected into some villages, railed by the Mexican name
lor civilized tnaiuu villages, I‘oeblov, where they raise
gium and stock.
Correspondence of the AVto YmkSun.
IMPORTANT FROM THE PACIFIC OCEAN,
CAUIFORNIA, OREGON, AND MEXICO.
Miihtxrxt, CiLiroitßix, Muith 6th, 1840.
Sir —Since the expulsion ot General Mit bellmen*
from thi* country, lbs native* have managed their af
tails their own way, having the command ur.dcr Com
mandants Grurral Castro, st the North, and Governor
Pico, al the South. In th* mean time Ihe wild Indi
an* are carrying iff for food, aimed all the hort** on
Ihe farms. They prefer horse meat lo tho meat ol
bullocks. Travelling in some purls nf this department
hat become dangerous. Ihe Indians wilh their arrows
having shot several people liny met single and unarm
ed. Month after month, inte.pri.ing tmigrania (wild
Indian* never trouble them) obtain grants ol seveial
leaglies of land on the ivaie aof Ihe •• magnificent”
Day of Pun Francisco; purchase cattle of the native
j farmers, and set up for llirrasclv**. The tSacarrvcnto
at Captain (fuller's new town of New Helvetia, and
uhove there, alteady teem* with the busy hum of set
tins. The soft cedar tivw* (ow n 17 feet in diameter
j and 301) test high) begin to fall undci the New Eng
] land axe* and Ihe Western axemen. I'he caning in
Monterey and Yeibu Buena, is patlly don* by Missou
ri m*n slid oxen. A nihimuer liss heen built by the
I .Americana at Francisco, loaded with California
I produce, and both mid m Max illsn el a high piofi ;
liter pMtutoe* sold at four dollar* per 100 lbs ; beans
1 nve dollar* an Engli.h bushel, paid for in specie.—
More vessels ate now budding; several saw mills on
the river* are al work. At Uodcgaa large steam taw
mill is neaily finished. Over tinea hundred men, wo
men Slid ebildr n arrived la-1 October ut New llelve
t*a, in 63 wagon* ; Gancrsl Caatio, the Commandant
(ieneial, went theie lo are them, and bade them vvel
Come ; bunging down a amall hoy al Monterey to ed
ucate with bis sort. (Annexation, you art, in fntum)
MaxatUn must soon receive her lumber, saint n, ha
eo, grain, potatoes and veaael# from the A mei leans on
the Sacrom me. Th# Oregon enng'ants may well
asy their country i# full of wheat and # Mir, It mini
so ronlmu* nntil *• me new and |*>wftful invention
can remove tbs bat st Ihe Columbia liver, to allow a
vessel tu enter. The FI udeon's Day Company's ships
ha* * bean 36 days from tne Columbia river Ui Hun
Kranciaco, SO of which they were at anchor, waiting
to S’’) oul - 1 think a whale ship never found her way
ttice, and if she did, Iba crew might eonautn* then
supply of refreshment* for Ibetesaim while they were
lying irieMe tha.bsr, waiting for the time and wind lu
go uut. Many whdrr# are yearly supplied si bon
Ersnnaco, hut the Und iiearls mors of the Auie ican
clan of laborers to pros* its utility, Th* Californians
vr* qu'sily looking on, womb ring who, and what will
come next, many nf them bring uncertain whether it
is best for their mlsrsete that die Yankee* vhould take
posses.-don. >l U*'t t f their pali.#ti m that l * M*i
can flag, without her laws, should yet flv over them.
! They are getting U ed to tlie star* and stiipes, how
| ever.
Captain Fremont and hta party are now in Cal for
; nia. In February, ho viailed the U. S. Consul in
; Monterey, While theie Ihe Prefect*# wroie to Mr.
I to enquire what business Cap?. Fremont could 1
have here. He wts ii. fumed, to find out the moat
p*4ic icable route to the Pacific, ami that his party wer®
not L'nitid States soldiers. This latter supposition
had cause*! mu It excitement. Reports have reached ’
ns, that the •• Mormons” have found another leaf of
(heir Bible, that gives them California ns the promised
I ind, ami that th Holy Temple and City in Missouri
are for sale. I suppose H isting’s hiatoy of Califor
nil will bung hunched* of pe* pie here this and the
n* it year. Mr. liastinga arrived at New Helvetia in
January, with eight men from Independence. Capt.
Fremont came 1 bred degrees south of Fort Hull, which
made his route atvul 1900 miles, (it was supposed
ilioui 3 000.) He took a route that vs as supplied to
bo m .desert, and found it a pleasant and del'ghtful
country, ulmoat a level road fro n the Mouth Pass in
t! e Rix ky Mountains to this place. lie is nw pre
paring and fitting his part) for the Oregon, will return
ht-ie in June, and be in the States about r.
Yours, &.c. PAIiANO.
MANIFESTO
Os the President u,J interim ts the Mexican licpub
lc, dated •* National Palace of Mtxico , April 28.
1846.’*
W hen at ihe commencement of tlie present year I •
took upou myself the grave responsibility of drecting,
for a short time, tlie drain e of our nation, I deter
mined with resolute mint) to eu tain and defend its
rights and prerogatives, charging the weak and per
inti.ma policy of teinpoiiz.itiou, which had been ob
served towards tlie Government of the United fehato*
of America —notwithstanding the perfi lious nu‘ans by
which it prepared ihe way for die occupation ot Texan 1
(ho b isen* s r Willi which it \iolaleil the existing !
treutics iliat guarantied to us inviolate* the limit nf this
K< public, and notwithstanding tho improper act by
which it incorporated one of our D. parlu.i n:s into the
riiut.'s of its Confederation.
The Mexican 11 ttion did n*.t achieve her ir depen
dence by the most blo*dy ami heroical sac ificts, nor
| did she take her p ace among the civilized nations of
the wo*ld, in order to be the mockery of a neighbor
ing power, which fomenting our quarrel*, our painful
| disturbances, and exasperating the weakness which 1
they produced, clothed herself with the a| parel **f
1 coi quest, and commenced invading our territory, eon
| suing herbeif in the dream that she might one day
v-stinguiati the manly nee to which we belong, nnd
; by branding our foreheads with the maiking-trori of
S.er tlaveiy us the South, ex inguish our nation .lily, i
and abandon us to the humiliamg misfoitune of being I
no lunger remembered am ong the nation®.
‘i'his mag auimuus people, that, in a struof
eleven year* of blood and extermination, showed ite j
strength and valor ns well os its constancy, hurried with j
impatience to undertake anew w r, to which Ihe most
scandalous aggressions on the part of a g<werninent
wlmh calle*! itself friendly, w. re crnstantly provoking ■
(hern ; and in order to degrade u*. that government 1
reiied *>n its power und forgot tosticnglhm itself on
the titles of justice end tquity.whicn art- respected by
1 nil uati ms, that strengthen the hope- .f j race. and :
; which maintain tlie harmony of the.vhole uoi*e<s*.
I ’his was the reason why the Mexican nation snne- ,
! tinned the movements which I c*mr enced at Ban
, Louis Fofo-i.uot with ihe view of seeking the trouble-
I some exercise of (ower, but that rn 3 country should
| *htne w ith the t tumpli us a cause which is the coti
! seivstive principle <f human society.
I h<* ancient grievanres, tlie constait insults which,
since 1336, the government of the U.iiled btales h.ns ;
liuspcd upon the Mexican people, were crowned by
| the result of sending us a Minister, .n order that ho
should be accredited t y us, as if the relation* between }
the two Republics hid sufleied no iteration in con-j
‘ *umm*ting ihe definitive act of the incorporation of j
Texas into the United Slafeg.
Ai the vciy ; mo that Mr. Slidell present and himself
mon2 u., the troops of the United States occupied 1
! our territory ;is sqaadrorts menac ed our ports, and
| they were preparing to take p*.rs ssion of the Penin
sula of tlie Californios, the Oregon question with Eng
; land being nothing but a prelude to >uch aconsumma
| lion, I did mu admit Mr, Slidell,because the dignity
of the nation repcdle*Lihis new insult.
Meanwhile ihe United Mates army encamped at
Corpus Christi. and occupied the ldnd of Padre j
Vayin ; it marched next tuwaids Point St. Isabel, and i
waved the Banner of the Stars and Stripca over the
right bank of the Rio Bravo of the North opposite the
city of Matatnoroa, arrogating to itself the navigation
■of ‘.he rivor w ith its teasels of war. The village of
Laredo was attached and surprised by a party of U.S.
troops, and some of our soldiers who were there un
prepared, were disarmed by the enemy. Hostilities,
therefore, were commenced by the United Mates, who
have undertaken new conquers upon ihe territory of
demarcation of the Departments of Tamaulip** and
New Leon, at tlie tiirn that tro.ps* of those United
Mates are menacing M<>ntery,in Upper California.
It cannot be doubted upon which of the two Re
publics rests the responsibility of a war, which a feel
ing of equity and justice, undo respect which civiliza
tion accords to the rights nnd property of all nations,
might have prevented. If Mexico hud suffered with
indolence the repealed advances of a power which
already considered itself muster and lord of the Ameri
can Continent, she would not only lose the importance
which her population, her resources, ami her position
had given her, since she has been an independent na
tion, but she would abo have fallen into a despicable
contempt, for having, when called to the c m ut. al
low ed the integral parts of her territory to be taken.—
iSuch numerous and aggravated insults could no longer
be tolerated, and I have ennunnnded the G< nera!-in-
Chief of tho fiontier division of tho North, that he
act hostilely out enemy, that he make war upon
the enemy that is warring against us. and that by in
voking the (tod of Buttles, he may stimulate the valor
of our soldiers, and maintain our unquestionable
righto to our territory. Our General, taking a* a mo
del the established usages, and regulating himself to
the precise rules of our Government, intimated to the
Commander-in-Chief of tlis American forces that hs
must retire to the other side of the river Nueces, the
previous boundary lute of Texas: wbitb intimation
. ha* been disregarded,
‘i'he nations whose interest it is that Ihe peace of so
many years should not be disturbed, and which might
| be prejudiced in their commercial relations v. it Ii ihe
Mexican Republic, have discovered the C'uei Alterna
tive in which the usurping policy of ihe United Ma ea
has placed it and which would immediately have to 1
succumb, if she were not to defend energetically the
critical position of her existence
1 solemnly announce that I do not declare war
against the United States of America, b eaus*? the f
august Congress of the Nation, and not live Liecu
-1 live, must d> dare definitely upon that repaiation which
so many insults call fur. Beanies ih>, the defence of
: (be Mexican territory, which is invaded by troops of
the United Mates, Nos a paramount tiereiitty, nnd
rny responsibility would become great if 1 did not
comniand (list the enemy’s forces should lie repelled.
I have done so. Fiom this day lisa a defensive war
commenced, and evsry point of our territory shall be
strongly defended, whenever it i$ invaded or attacked.
The event which the Mexican Government had en
deavored 10 avoid, has arrived ; and finding that its
111 lea to justice have \*tn trodden under luot, we enter
into an unavouiible contest, which will gum for ua the
sympathy of nations, and of governments which con
demn the usurpations of the mighty, YVe shall also
b’ mighty by th sanction of the purpose, and berau e,
when every thing deal to a nation is st stake. *lli>rt, I
will b mJ ctmv.pontling wub lht> mtoreda ,l inut.
Mi’anwbilv, Ihr Meitcun finttnn, rr.n|\ctj (0 li.k cveiy
thing in nrjor tu g.m nil, will giv* a luhliui* ciample
of p.inotic devotion, which will rerv, to produce thut
glory lo lliii.a mtiun, te.cbi and who ,udined,
in allsgcf, thntr iiidcperKirnce fiocdmn.
I fei l prnuilllut the will of Uivmc Providence hit.
destined me to be the orgsn through which Ihe e,ef. I
gene will of the Meiicsn liepuhlic should ho made 1
known. W* will show in the minimi thst ihe suns of]
Ihe heroes sin! the martyr, of the Irnlopeiiilenc,. will i
h, cusisined wjih th* rrmcnihunec of it, purr glory ,
tnst ihe vator whlclt they Inherited h-t, not drycn* ]
rraled in ilirir riotde hi ess's, ind thst lin y si, deter
mined, if need, he, to iuioiolsto Iheio,elves on the
slur us their country.
Meiirens! I unfurl, thi, memor,t,|(. ( )„y. the stsr d
nnl ot IndrperiUenre. on wh oti you see i j,. ,h< J tho
usiuev us iliJaiga lurbidf. Unite undvr this sivered
emblem if our f.efdom, leaving for iim.'aof l-e• dan
| g<*r quetions us ideal disagreement. I have prominej
’ you that the glory which 1 seek as a reward of my
petilous career, i a not that of the ambitious man who
l considers power *l9 an instrument of rapine. I have
•worn to maintain the rights of the Republic timing
the short epoch of iny government; ami now (hat 1
urge you to the contest, 1 tell you tint great aierifices
are necessary, anti I pmmi-e you that ] wil! abed iny
own blood in the rau*e, if necessary.
Mexicans! Your valiant army is going to fight, and
I will fight with the valor of heroes—give them your
blessing* in anticipation, and prepare to crown Iheir
noble heads with lauicls should they conquer, or to
deck their toomb* with cypress should they fill; in
which event your country will call upon you to fili up
I their ranks.
[Signed] Aaiua.vo Paredes i Aiuullaqa.
* We suppo.se the allusion is to Captain Fremont'*
Company.
THE MEXICAN*HOSTILITIES.
There ran be but one opinion as to the necesity far
j vigorous prosecution of ihe war with Mexico, witb
| °ut tegard to the cost of its prosecution. True econ
■ uny will be found in a liberal expenditure.— Decisive
I r *-ulia will follow a prompt application of the nationtl
i resources, A predatory and pioliacted war is of ail
| others to be deprecated, os wasteful in m n and mon
ey, and diahnrtening in its results, forming no compel)-
Hit ion in ilt small triumphs lor its la ge sacrifices.
Mexico is well adapted in her wide deserts and tangl
ed forests lo defensive hostilities. Let us avoid (be
harruseing arid unfruitful consequences of such a con
test. — There is ulso the highest necessity by vigorous
action for terminating this conflict before it complicates
our relations with European powers. Avery protract
ed, if not doubtful issue, might attend an attempt to
dictate peace in the City of Mexico. The possets* ion
ot one or mote important Mexican provinces or city,
on the sea board, might he the most rfieciual means
of bringing hominies to a speedy termin ition.
The following plan of campaign is sketched in the
Richmond Enqmrer and it appears to promise the
greatest chance of success. •To send attacking forces
by sea to Ttimpicoaiid V ere Cruz.—'These are the two j
great and important points on the Gulf of Mexico.and
tho only points, except the very unimportant one of
J'uzpan, through which Mexico receives any foieign j
supply, Vera Cruz was selected by the French far ;
their a'tick in 1837, when the Cuttle of San Juki de 1
Tllott fell under their bombardment. ‘Tampico was
chosen by the Spaniards for lending of fivo thousand
troops under Gen. L>jmda* in 1829, when they made
their la*t attempt to regain their possessions on tho
American contirn-nt. l.et our force* then he sent to
both Vera Cruz and Tampico, and while G.-n. ‘lavlor
advances from Mitnmoras upon Leona Yicario. filling
upon Zacatecas, let the detachment fiom Tampico
march upon San Louis Tot on. [the key to the rich
treasury of the Mexican mines,] where the two form
ing n union, they may come down by Guanaxuato
and Quer< tiro, while the detachment from Vera Cruz,
having landed at the river Alvarado and attacking the
city in the rear, the squadron at the same moment at
tacking the CiS.lc in the front, may march up through
Ja ups, IVrote and Pueld 1, and join the other detach- 1
merit before the city of Mexico, the capital of tho coun- ,
try and Ihe centrr of It- wealth. M
Now, if this is accomplished in n short time by the
national arms, the oppoitunily woulu he the most glo
rious presented in the history of nat ona of an exam
ple of national magnanimity —of forheaiance of a
strong towards a weak power,—ffsupproving the accu
sation that our people are impelled by a lust of territo
rial conquest. It woul Ihe the highest ol national dis
tinction t * restore t > Mexico all that the chances of war
have thrown into our hands, she paving its expenses
and the indemnity wo hdvp, in vain, so long sought
from her sense of justice. Our conduct would then
l stand in broad contrast to that of European powers
\ whose practice has stood 111 opposiii n to their profess
ed principles.— Chus. Evening New*.
GENERAL ZACHARY TAYLOR,
Thr Command eh of the All2* tof Ui ci T f ctiox.
Recent events have thrown th s gentleman so prom
inently before the public, that we feel disposed to grnt- J
ily the strong drs.re express, and ly many, by giving
some of the incidents of his life.
Gen. ‘Taylor entered the army in 1 808, immediately
after the attack on the Cheas.ipeak, and has hern in
the service of kia country, from that lime to the pres- j
ent. Having rntered the army as a lieutenant of in
fantry, he had risen to the command of a company, at
the begining of the lout war.
For his gallant defence of Fort Harison on the 6th
September, 1812, President Mudison conferred on him
; the brevet rank of Major, and he is now the u Licit
brevet in the army.
In 1632, he became the Colonel of the 6'h Infantry;
with this regiment he went to Florida in 1836, where
lie was always foremost in danger.
On the 15ih December, 1836. Col, Taylor, it the
head of a detachment of sootst 500 men. rrnpoed “f
parts of the Ist. 4th and fi h regiment* of U Infant
ry and some Missouri volunteers, met *lh<ul 700 Indi
, uiis, under Alligator. Sam Jones and t-oa-coc-chee. on
the banks of the Oke-clo-hce. Th.s battle whs nought
by the Induns, for the day before the engagement. Col.
Taylor received a challenge from Alligator, telling him
whereto find him, and hant< rng him to come on,
Col. Taylor desiring nothing better, immediately push
ed on. at a rapid march to the expected battle grurid.
fearful that the wily Indian might change his pu-pose.
The Indians had a st.ong position in a thick swamp,
cov. led in front by a small stream, whose quick aand
rendered it almost impassible, but Col. Taylor pushed
through the quicksands and swamps in ihe lace of a
deadly fi e fiotn a concealed foe, driving ihe Indians
before him. ‘i he action was long and h vere. ‘The
Indians yielding ihe ground inch by inch, and then
only at the point of the bayonet. Afier three houis of
Moody contest, the Indians were routed and pU'sued
with great slaughter, until night. ‘This is the last stand
the Indians ever made In a large body, and the only
instance in which they voluntarily gave battle.—
Though Col. Taylor won the day, it was at the expense
of 139 killed and wounded—more than one-lourth of
hia whole force. Two Colonels (Col. Thompson of
the sib Infantry and Col. Gentry of the Missouri Vol
unteers,) fell at Iho head of the noops. Captain Van
Swearingen, and Lieuta. Brooke und Carter, also fell
in the engng<merit.
During the whole of the engagement, Col. Taylor
t remained on horse-back, passing from point to point,
cheei’ng hia men to the conflict, and exposed to the
Indian lisle at every moment.
F.o ibin hiltle. Mr. Poinsett,Secretary of War, ren
dered merited piaiae In all engaged, in hi* conmrunicti
lion to Con*rasa. The brevet of Hrigadier General
wasconfsrrd on Col. T)lor, und tie wu* given Ihe
chief command in Florida, which he resigned in 1840
after four or five year* arduous and indefatigable sertr
i<e in the svr.impa and hammocks of Florida.
Alter hia retirement from Florida, he was assigned
to the command of the Ist Department of the Army,
including lire States of Louisiana. Mi-aie-ippi, Alabama
&c„ wnh his liead-qoarleis at Fort Jcsup Louisiana.
ilia position gave him the eommand of the-Army of
i Occupation, ’ hut the usage of the service would have
just died the Government in assigning to that command,
either of the six gene-al otiicere of tho Regular Army,
whose rank is higher than hts.
But it may he fairly presumed that the high eha-ac
! ter, gallant service* and great experience of Gen.
! TANARUS., aside from his geographical position, point* J hint
| out as the appropriate comm.', tier of an a'my, which
j was to plant our flag upon the hanks of the Rio del
! Norte.
Gen. Taylor ia shout 50 year* of age: Is a man of
much general information and an excellent and Hied
soldier j a prudent and skilful commander whose traits
of rhataclrr are, a wise precaution in providing for the
hour of trial, and a fearless, reckless courage in hattle, I
He is a Kentuckian by birth, and all that that word
implies. He is an American at heart, and Stamped
with all the clt ru aitt of a hero, by nature.
Under tins coinin.mdcr the flag of the Union will re*
reive no dishonor on the bank# of tho Rio Grand.—
NuahnUe Or! Hope Ulan.
General Taylor in bit. Tent.—A correspondent nf
tho Philadelphia Inquirer, writing from Brasov de San
tiago. says t
On the 29>h a friend of mine visited General Tay
lor rn lha ramp of Point Label, w here lie hail establish
ed Ills depot tor atmee in the army. On landing, the
sceott present and was quite a wild one, ami reminded
I one of the accooe's we bate received of art Arslr Idn*
rump,mill. Th re went three or lour hundred drug
uoti* m lb# ramp, with lheir horses | ickcltd about |
(be side - so immense number us wagons, mule? and oxen,
Oostepping ashore an officer conducted my friend to J
i die General's U:nt.ile was introduced to a very plain
“habily dre>scd old gentleman, of rather small slulure,
j about sixty years of age; and who looked by his hardy !
, appearance, as if he had bsen camping out all his hfr.”
“This was the Commander-in-chief of Ihe army of
occupation. He has been 38 years in service on the
frontiers of our country. One of his officers remarked
that •• old us hn in, he beat* the fatigue* and privations
of the campaign better than any one under him,” He
was iiflahle, dignified, and in excellent spirit*. Hi<
tent wa- no larger and no belter than those of the other
officer*, and hi* table wu his rurep chest, in which he
carried his cooking utensils, &c. Hi* p|*’es were tin
pan* Hud his cups (no sauceis of course) tin pannikins,
A small supply of brown sugar whs kept in a tin can*
tsier, and m-t a piece if crockery was to he seen. A
party of six was thus entertained in homely style, and
they all seemed to enjoy it abundantly.**
GENERAL TAYLOR'S ARMY.
The New York ‘True Nun I as formed a ►tutWtical
table of Gen.'Taylor’s army of occupation, which is
us interest. The force is thus divided :
No. Companies, Officers. Privates. Total.
Army Si iff, 24 24 1
2d Dragoons, 10 41 655 686
Ist Artillery, 4 21 215 236
2-1 do. 4 20 213 233
3d do. 4 19 200 219
4th. do. 4 21 214 533
Total Artillery, 1C 91 842 923
3d Infantry, 10 41 492 633
4'h do. 10 40 471 611
6h d>. 10 40 63 J 672
7th do. 10 40 402 442
1 Bth do. 39 433 477
Total Infantry, 60 300 2336 £567
Grand Total, 316 3737 4979
Sn k and absent, 1 99 015 1111
Effective force, 147 £BIB 2965
This 2965 comprises the whole force of Gen. Taylor,
i ftr) d out ol it he left o small command at Corpus Chris
ti, and another at Point Label He has |o tby deter
. lion, captured and killed, 200 more ; so that the whole
i command by the woiks in front of Mstsmoros cannot
: exceed 2.400. The whole army of the Umtrd Nine*
’ consists as follows :
Staff, Pay Department and General Officers 668
2 regiments Dragoon*, 1204
4 do. Artillery, 2203
8 do. Infantry, 38Sfl
Recruit* unattached, 327
West Point, 100
‘Total, 8349
Almost one half of the whole fore wss, *here!ore, in
Tens, Th© remainder is disposed ns follows :
Officers Men. Total.
Eastern div.. under Gen. Wool, 135 14 f> 1600
Western *• •• Gaines, 183 1735 1906
4th mil’} •* •’ •• Ilrndy, 26 296 256
Aggregate three divisions, 3798
This force us 3,798 men i* stretched over 4000 mile*
of frontier. Gen. Brady** command is in Michigan;
1 that of Gen. Gains stretches from Wisconsin down
th© Mississippi and along the Gulf to Florida; that of
, Wool fiorn Nlagsra down the Bt. Lawrence tu Maine,
and along the Atlantic coast to Floi da.
Chappnral. —'The word Chapporal occurs in the
new* from Texas which we publish this morning. As
that is rather 9 ro w word with our readers, ami as it
may occur again, and is important as illustrating
•• the seat of war,” we think proper to say that a CLap
pora! is a term applied to * species of evergreen thicket,
composed of the mosquito Irtish matted w ith vines. It
genet ally grows about six or seven l’ect high. ‘The
wljnle country between the Nueces River arid tho Rta
Grand* is more or coven and by this c.iapporel. in
terspers'd with salt Idkes. There is very little fresh
water or grass to be had ir any portion of th© whole
inter mediate distance, averaging one hundred and fifty
mile© wide.— -Phila. V. S. Gazette.
• Jjrander at the llio Grande —A letter from Chnr-
I ston gives the following account of the causes that
ltd to the capture of Lieut. Deas.
• It appeare that Lieut. Dean wa* offirer of the and tv,
and it was customary for the American hand to pei form
tbi national air*, when the “Star Spangled Dannei”
was lowered in the evening. This concert of sweet
sounds attracted the attention of the Mexican* on the
opposite side, and crowd* at-'sernbled on the bank* <-f
the liver to listen to the strain* of music; among them
were many ladies. Lieut. Deas became enamoured
with a certain Mexican beauty, and signs and tokens
of affection passed between them ; on that same even
ing. like sooth-r Leander, he plunged into the Mexi
can Hell sp.-nt afier his Hero, and no sooner had he
Undcd *n the other side thHn he was seemed ss a pris
oner. Love—and not valor or friendship, prompted
him to swim across the river,’*
Cot. Hays. —A gentleman who arrived from Gal
veston yesterday, relates to us an anecdote in regard
to tiii* gallant Texas Ranger, the authenticity of winch
w e do not doubt.
Col. Camde*, a Mexican chief, at the head of a Isr-je
body of cavalry, sent word to Uol. Hays, then at San
Antonio, to the efLct that ke. (J|. Camle*. was at.
ihe head of 1200 Mexican cavalry upon tlp Arroyo
Colorado, and should be very happy to receive there
Col. Hay* and the Rangers.
To tliia Col. Hays promptly responded by the same
that it would give him pleasure to pay hi*
respects to Uol. Canales, and that he would according
ly wait upon him for that put pose with 400 Rangers
on Wednesday morning, 6th inst.
Should this interchange of courtesies take place—
and wo have no reason to doubt it, for Hay* is deter
mined to cut hi* way to Gen. Taylor’s camp—we shall
a sail red I v hear of ss-mrr work than any which has
yet been repotted.— [N. (). Tic.
The Climate* on the Itio Grtttidn-
YVe have read in Newspapers, and heard from those
who profess to know all about it, dreadful accounts of
the ravages of lb* vnmito, yellow fever and fever and
ague on tho Kio Grande. Many a brave fallow’s chei k
has blanched at the mere mention of the scourge with
which a poaihihly crusted of hia having tu meet. But
from tho subjoined paragraph iu tho Republican, we
learn that Mexico is not the grave yard it ia represent
ed. YVa publish it for the benefit of those who would
cerlainlv go were it not fir the sickly climate.
I Our informant apeak* of the rlimule of Mataniorne I
most favorably. He thinks ilia quito at healthy as j
Savannah, if net tnoie *o. Duiing hi* Tout years rc- 1
idenca thoie, yellow fever was unknown, and even
chill* and levers exceedingly rare. In the interior, in
I the direction of Monterrey, nr even Durango, the coun
try i* said to he high, dry and healthy. Durango is
an old Hpantvh town, of fiom foity-fivr to sixty thou
sand inhabitants, und would well repay •• Uncle Ham's”
troop* for a visit, and betides he a moat agtccable sum
mer retreat —not infeiioi tu the White Hulpher or Mai
utoga. Upon the whole then, we think that volunteers
muy dispel their apprehensions in regard to the nn
hcillhfulne e of the counity un the Rio Grande—they
1 may meet with a few bloody minded niu-quttoee, an
occasional uarropata, or a wild Mexican In Ihe chap
* porals, hut in Ibeir march for lha -• Hull* of the Monte
rums*,” they will non strike a high, dry, heultliful
region, where auhaiatehro will be easy, and opportuni
ty lor fighting not ur.fiequent.
Thk Msgtci* Wan.—The New Orleans Tropic
sat a: “ We ought to have at least twenty-five thou
eind troop* a* soon a* povaible on the Mexican frontier.
1 if w* cun destroy tho |>r. iuiil Mexican foioo on the
Kio Grande, rut them nir from repealing hick into the
interior, und completely annihilate it. the war will be
at in end. If wo do not purau* a enure* thus energet
ic, it may be continued lor year*. M ij. Gen. Uainr*
ha* shown himself a man ol singular foresight, Hr
has for years laid down thncoßaeipieoceanf u war wilh
Mexico, arid aluled Ihe number of saltlicrs in ceeaary In
prnaecule it with energy. He has been treat das via
l„i,*,y. hut public < pillion and tht exigencies of ihe
timei haaahowobiiu to be u truly wise commander |
and statesman,”
Vox.*T**ni.— The following i* the emolmenl of j
troop* ordered hv tiir Uxeculive in the seirial Hlutts,
and rouste'ing eigbly-stx regiment* and a half. At j
tlf ,-fr.ja of five hund c<i mm in . rf tt irn,r„ .u
H. B ,ve you th. noml*r of 43, SSO. if , h . Com „'‘
j me. are full.thefo.ee will be e„ a | t„ J! P
the filly tboiMantl men Ordered l y Congrc., : >WW ’
hhholmsst.
Xew ‘Umi-hir Inditn, . . . .
.VUsncbuer-lt* ...... 3 Kemueky ...
Maine 3 Ohio
Cunnecncut 2 Wiacon.in
Hll *de Island ------ 1 low* .. . m
Vurk 8 F|,„id 4 ‘ [
NewJereey 8 1. miai.na \ .
P nrisylvarna 6 ‘Texas ...
• L'yland - - Z ‘Tcdnesaee -• . ?
J j' lj ''' ota *. Colmnbia. u',,.
i I'Simn r, 11
No 11. Carolina .... 3 * luo,
.South Uarulmj .... 2 @G rejiment,
M:ant.j |,| 2 43.000
\| kullHiU 2 *,K L \ . , f
* ou Oaif n gimem.
Missouri •>
, rhinuie 3 41,560
LATC.BT WAR ,\E\VS. .
From Iho correajiuridi nco of the N, u. w
make ihe following intereating cxlracla,
Afirr alludiog to the arrival of the American
ron olTilie Im h. r of Braioe Samiago on the morning
of the Bih i...t„ un let the command of Commodore
Limner, ihe vvriler proceed*:
Com. C. therefore, thought verr wi.ely that hie
preaence here would tin eo„ lf good in ,| lO WHy „ f
enforcements. Gladly was ho welcomed. aJ Con Tay.
lor had marched out the tienmg (rrevicua to meet nd
conquor the enemy, taking wilh him twenty-two bun
rlred men, leamalera included, with two hundred and
hliv lea n loarlril with umunniorn. (>ro.i-ions, dec.,
which the Mexican, we.e no douhl appiiaed of, m ilia
i team 1 hurl been loaded evei aince Monday last, await,
ing ihe orders for a march nt u moment*, warning.
Cen. T. left I’oinl I.ahttl wj h little over four hun
d.ed men to defend it. Maj .r Monroe, commanding
here, tent a reqo anion to Com. Conner for as many
men a. he could B|iaie, a. we heard tiring üboul 2 I'.
M. nl the Bth. which continued with hut little inter
mission until dark. Com. C. sent nahoie 260 men.
and on the 9ih 4 or 500 more, whir It makes this place’
strong enough to withstand an attack against 20 000
men.
Believe me when I say there w,s ihe greatest ex
citemenl here all the afiernoon o/thr Bth, a. we could
plainly hear the cannon ailing from iho field ofhanle.
On Ihe evening of ihe B'h, Mr. Murry and Mr. Ba
con volunteered logo and find out ihe lesolt.
On the morning of Ihe 9rh, a hjark hoy came Into
cam, . gave a hjriory of the fight, which was about the
tunc, b n a. he had run away and left his team he was
not believed.
At 3 P. M. or Bth, Messrs. M & B. returned, and
sUlcd as follows :
I li y cot t > G**n. Pay lot’* present ramp, six teen
mile* bum here, s’ 3 A. M., irned that the army
marched until shout 13 miles from here, when ih*y
a.w the Mexicans drawn up in battle array across his
road, he immediately gave his ordeis fo'r tho teams to
hull until ihe 2d 13 gnie had passed. ‘The Mexicans
w ere on the pr.ii re near the edge of the Chtpporal,
when Gen ‘Taylor got within about three-quarter* us
a iniln. they opened upon him with their Flying Artil
| lery, Gen. Taylor arrived with Capt. Duncail and Maj.
Ring Id’* Companies und at it they went until about
‘unset. When the Mexican* had retreated to the edge
ol the Chapporal. and craaed fi ing.
Afi.r which, Gen. ‘Tailor fired ten or fifieen guns
at them, and set to work throwing up hrea*iworks.—
At daylight, the Mexican* were in the dge of th©
Chapporal. A Council >f war was held by Gen. Tay
lor, and it was agreed that one bhould advance
up to ihe Chapporal, in hope* to draw the Mexicans
mio a renewal of tho fight, but the more the Irrwps ad
’ nnerd upon them, the more they war nt there— the
Mexican* haviriki retreated, leaving three piece* of ar
tiHery, any quantity of ammunition—from FOUR to
HUNDRED DEAD upon the field, and God
only knows how many wounded they took sway.
One Mexican who wa* stationed at one of their hater
ies, says every body hut himself at the battery wan kil
j led—say* the gun* be.it any thing they ever dreamed
us. they were so qii k. One of th* Mexican oflicera
m trying to rally his men, found he could not and com
menced to cut them with hi* award, when hiztrmpt
nhot him dead. Wo had < levin killed and about ten
mortally wounded.
Captain Page of the 3.1, bad all the lower part of his
fare ►hot wff wilh a cannon bill —it is thought he will
lecover, though hor ildy mutilated. Major Rmgold
h >d tiie fleshy part of both bis legs shot through, and
hor*.* killed none • f hi* bones broken, which i* won
ile• ful. Lieutenant Hatter slightly wounded. Our in
formant says the ti* l I of hxtile was strewn with the
dei.d. arid they cou and liear ihe groan* of ihe Mexican
wounded a.I night ai Gen. T’s ramp. ‘I he Mexicans
were coui(n*nded by Gan. Mtjia, There is no doubt
they hu\e retreaied *crm>* the river. When the tol
unteeia a>nve, you m ay depend you will hear of them
• revelling m the halls of the Monfizurnas ,*’ or peace
and good will, he whipped into these bombastic Meii
ca s. I i* a mailer of suppris© that so few were lost
on our side.
Th” >ny of h * plic© his be n relieved the
two ili * riy ti*- drilling of *• Uncle &atnuel’t n
•* web fee/ 9 or •• b irnacjc bucks” that c.*me Imre from
th Sq.i.d.on. V*u would ie aupprised to ace wilh
whai dexterny and precod n they f>o through tLeir ev
olutions w iih inusket**. hi I no one could resiai a laugh
t > hear s.nn *oi rh ir hjv *.g*. One old .**|i said this
morning, *i) trn and i*|<i>t itv eye**! here is a ship •-
sho'o, and poo j*k *n hts beam ends.” 7’his sprarh
wa* aildreeseii cr* in■ It when looking on the taut that
Lad been pitch-d, and *;► i aufli* ient dimensions to
hold abtfui fii.y-two.
One third ot iho who numd-r of the men fom the
tquadinn are Marines, ili** h.nlance Tan. I should
( pic u © to myaell * Mold r, ri ling i h irse-b ich or a C*>W
us soon as that I siiou'd mv four n five hundred sail
or* going into w ar w oh inu*Kets on theii shoulders, but
you could not restrain iiwin from going ngsmst the
Mexicans w nh only . knife and to k, if you would onff
show them a chance, lor they are all the
fayl* Yours, & c.
[Correspondence of the Tropic.]
Captain h.cl uU'n Advance — Charge
un l/ie Enemy i Hultcriet, — Haute,— baggage and
Artillery Token — Cupl. ‘lhurntnn, Hardy and
Cumpumunt Safe — Exchanged an Prisoners of
War ! Lieulenunt liras Sot Exchanged For,—
Copt. Walker, — Attack un Mutamurus,,— Mexican
Prisoners, 4 c- ! ! I
BIiAZOS SANTIAGO, May 13.
At the receipt nf ihe first buttle I wrote you a slruit
account; the ru-ult of the second is now on band, sod
|it iv moat decisive. It now appears that the Mexicans
I had only five thousand men in Ihe field at the first lost
tie, rami four thousand-lowed away in the chappoial
near the hattle giound. Il wus their intention to h*v*
me !e but a alight snack Ihe tiivlduy.but being *ocloi* -
! ly pressed ihey were.obliged to fight in onler to make
j good their retreat to where the four thousand were in
the chappoial. in Ihe firs! fight a general olfrcer bad
hi* brad shot off; it is not yet ascertained who It* was,
as hia body wus unly recognised by hi* dies* at he l*T
upon the field.
General Taylor advanced the morning of the fir**
batlle min th* chapporul, then aent 100 pn lied men
under lb* charge of Capt. Met lull to reconnoitre, ha
advanced unmolested unilinear 3 P. M., (the im>y
follow ins at a distance.) when (dipt. McCall sent
to Urn, Tuvi n that lie had received a cbeig* of l r, P*
from the enemy and lost two men. ,
Tie army was then deployed, snd Capt. My
dragoons, otdetsd tu charge the biliary lhai had iliro*®
ihsgrrpe, and take il if h* lout every man, he ok*y
J'oan, look Hie battery of four guna and hwl hel “*’•
nil. Tho batltry was commanded by Gcnersl v* *
Vegs, who was taken prisoner. .
Oui little bend of an ermy then rent the ill with t M
tuiXi.a, slid rushing, shouting and ahooting “I”’" 11
memy.commilling ihe rnnai dreaful havoc among!
eking eight piece# of arldleiy, 166 000 round*” ct ’
Idgca. and 600 parked mulea. Gen. ArlaU*** 1 P
H-ilstrad ronlainad all hi* pnvata and publw
taper* ; which lailer will lie ol gieal valu*. * ’* l ”
hut only have the key to the whole campai*' l ’ *
!*v ill i liable Geo T. to form Ills plans, so ** 111 1
ißsfrst llielf ce-igns.
We took all and every thing ihey had, four 1
‘yuvonei*, and lliearmy ba/gag*. Th# n*tn> ■