Newspaper Page Text
DOMESTIC.
From the Washington Union.
OIIHIA L.
ITkihqi Am r.u* Anwr or Ocolpatio*.
i Isabel, Taxes, May 7,184 b. )
g IR rrippnfu!ly report that I shall march this
tiiv, with the maiit body ot the army, to open a cum
fi.uuicutiun with Majai Blown, and throw forward *up
plies of ©rdifid end proNinons. If the enemy op*
pose iriy much, in wbatsvcr force, I **ha 11 fight him.—
Uci'toioaol tun are heard m the ilireetion of Mala
mar as. •bowing that every thing is right in that quar
ter.
Ye terday the rer.ruila under Lieutenant Mr Phail
arrived hem. After filling up the companies of the
pe mnent garrison, (A li aity. end G 4ch arty.,) tbe
Itmiiiid'r of the detachment, with it* officer*, watt
placed under .Major MoniOc u order* t * atiat in the
defence of the dep.U. The men a<e vet too raw to
t 4 lie the field, theugb effluent for gainaon defence. -
They will he peimantnily aligned as soon a* practi
cable.
The four compani. • of the fust infantry are hourly
expected, and will be a seasonable leintorcement. The
first shipment ot volunteer* from New O*leans may
nlio noDti he looked It. Tlioir arrival will enable in*
lu open the river and free our communications.
J am, Sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
/, TAYLOR,
Brret Urig’r. Gn. U. 8. A. Uuin’g.
Tim Arji'TtNT (i'luiui. of the Aimy,
Washington, If b\
HuntuiuTLM Aumt of Occcfvtion, }
Camp st I’alo Alto, Texas. May fl, IB4bt 3
Sin : I have the honor to repo t that I was met
near this plare yesterday, on my march f r om Point Is
abel, by ihe Mexicali lorres, and after an action of
about five hours (Indulged them frore their position,
and encamped upon the lirld- Uur artillery, ronaut
ing of two 18 pounders and two light lutieries, was ths
a r m rhirfly engaged, and to the excellent manner in
which it was rancruvercd and servid it our success
mainly due.
The strength of the enemy is believed to have been
shout six thousand men, with seven pieces of artillery,
and eight hundred cavalry. ||i 10-s is prohatdy at
least one hundred killed. Our s reng h did not exceed,
nil told, twenty-three hundred, while oui loss was com
paratively trifling—four nun killed, three officers and
thirty-seven men wounded, several rs the Utter mor
tally. I regret to av ih it Major Ringgold. 3d artillery,
nnd U<*pt. Page, 4ih infantry, are severely wounded.—
lieutenant Luther, 3d artillery,slightly so.
The i netny hus fYlen back, and it is believed has re
]as id the river. I have a J'.n. ed pa tl. a now Hirawn
torwaid in hi* direction, anJ anal. move the main body
nnmduu
lu th* haste of ilrs tost report, I can only say that
the officeis and men kx-havtd in the m-si admirable
lii.tnner throughout he action. I ‘-hall have the pleas
ure of msk ng i mu e dcaslt and report wheu those of
the and lien nt commanders shall be received.
I m, •if. very reaper 1 fully,
Your obedient *cn-snr,
Z. TAYLOR,
Ihevet Brigadier General V.S. A. coßiinaAiliQg.
Tbe Awctait Gaxkbal U. • Army,
Washington L>. C.
Aext or OrccFATiev,
Camp at Uifc3 Je. ia Palma,3 miles
from Mflusiorts,
10 o'clock, p.in.. May 9, 1846.
Sin ? I hsvt the honor to report the: I marched
with the mam body c A the army 2 o'clock to-day,
having p mu ly ‘brown forwa and a b* dy of light in
fantry tut. tbe fore*!, which covers the Malamoras
road. When near the spot wher*- lim r.ow encamp
*d. ay advanced guard discovered that i ravine cross
ing tbe *1 had been oc< upied by the enemy w ith ar
tillery. I iimi J* telv oidered a battery of fi*ld artil-
Ury to rw-ri*p the position, flanking and sustaining it
by the 3d. 4th and filh regiments, deployed as skirmish
ers to ho right and ief. A heavy fi eot artillery and
cf musketry w*s kept up fur sonic time, uni finally
the enemy's batteries were carried in u< cet-sion by a
.aquedron us dragoons and the ts of infantry
fhst were on the ground. He was soon driven bom
hi* position, and pursued b* a squadron of ti.agoons.
bditahon ot artillery, 3d infantry, and a tight battery,
to die river. Our victory has been complete. Light
pieces of artillery, with a great q ianti*y of ammuni
tion. three atandards. and someone hundred j rieeners
have lieen taken , among the Inner, lieneral La Vega,
and several other i fFirers. One Gc neral iw understood
to bate been killed. Tbe enemy has crossed the riv
er. and I am sure will not again molest os on this
bank.
The lota of the Ptiraiv in lulled hue been rnott c
---veie. Our own he* hern vrry heavy, and I deeply
ti'g'ft to teport that Lieut. Inge, 3d dragoon*, 1. irut.
Cochrane. 4h infantry, and I,nut. Chad bourne, Bth
infantry, were killed on the field. Ideal. Col. Payne,
4’h artillery, Lieut. Col. Mclnloah. l.ieut. Dobbins. 3d
inUntrv. Capt. Ilooe, and I,u-ut. Dabitia. 3d infantry,
Capt. Hone, and Ideut. Fowler, fitli inb.iiirv, and
Capt, Montgomery, Lieut*, Gate*. Mel Jen. MeClay,
Burbank and Jordan. Blh infantry, wcie wounded.
The eu. nt of our boa in killed and wounded ig not
vrt ascertained, and is reserved fbi a none detailed re
pmt.
The affiir of to-day may be regarded aa a proper
supplement to the ceintonuiide of yesterday ; and the
two tAen together, eshibil the eaolness and galbiniry
of our officers and men in the uni.-l favorable light.—
All have dona their duly, and done it nobly. It will
be my pride, in a more circumstantial report of both
actions, ta Jwcll upon particular instances oi individu
al Jieiinction, •
It aflorda me peculiar pleasure to report that the field
work opposi e Matamonia liaa austainrd itself hand
somely during a eutinonade and bombardment of ICO
hnura. Rut the pleasure is alloyed with profound re
gret at tb* loss of ita itsdo niwale and heroic cam
mander, Major blown, who died to day from the effect
of a shell. His loss would be a severe ono to the
service at any time, but to the army under my orders,
it Is indeed prepayable. Oneoffu-ei and one non-com
missioned officer killed, arid ten wound*]. Comprise
all the casualties incident to this severs bombardment.
I inadvertantly oinited to mention the coptura of a
la-ge number of pa k mules left in the Mexican camp
1 ain, air, scry respectfully,
I our obedient servant,
Z TAVI,OR,
Rrevet Brigadier General I,’. !S. A. commanding.
The Aita'r. liaa'i.. of the army, Washington, B. C. ,
Hi tinaetaTeua Aunt nr On rrvrinw,
tsrsaea de la I'alma, May It, 1816.
Midinr aa Nu. .Vj ,
I. The commanding general congratulate* the army
nnji t hi* command upon the signal am cess wiurhhsa
crowned its i* ml opera'intis again-: the eueiny. The
e.sdnea* slid ateadineaa of she troopsduung Ilia action
of tho Bth, and lha brilliant impetuosity with which
llio enemy's position and ssriiliarry were carried on lha
9ih, have displayed the best qualities of tlio Anteii
can soldier. To eveiy officer sud soldier of his coni-
Uiand. lire general publicly return# hit thetika fur the
noble manner in wtiieli they have sustained the honor
of the service and of the country. While the main
kudy of the army has been thuaac tvely employed, the
garrison left opposite Mstimorav has renders,l no less
distinguished aervira hy sustaining a aeveae cannonade
and bombard uenl fur muny auceeaaivo days. The
army and lha cuuutry, while justly rej .icing in line
triumph of eur arms, will deploia the lues of many
htase officers and men who fell gallantly in the hour
ot combat,
”.*tl being neeeasary f,r the commanding general
to visit Point leal. I on public business, Col. Twiggs
will a-euuit- command of the of anny m ar Matamoraa,
including the garrison of the field work. If* will oc
evt|W the former lines of the army, making such dis
position* fur deloncu end fur the cmnfurt of hi* com*
mend a* he may deem advisa! |e, Ha wilt hold him
self alrietljr on the defensive until the aeturn af the
(ommar.ding nffirar.
By oidar of U.ig.Uvn. Tatlof.
w. W. s BLWS.
Act. Adj. General.
]|>anq.t-**T> aa Anmv nr Oect rariOT,
Burnt Label. Taras, May IJ, fSgf).
• if.— lam making a hasty v,ail to iffi* place for
lha purpose of having .n mtar.iaw with Commodore
C nnar, whose squadron is now *| anchor u(T the hat
bor, sad arranging nifi turn a comhntid uwvaaacut op
•he river, i svofl myself ..f the brief nine at my .
*rnand. to report that the main body of the army is now l
occupying its former portion opposite Mst unoras.- ]
1 he Mexican forces are &lrun*i ilisnigHiiizeJ, and l
shall lone no time in invetinz Matauioras, and open
ing the nivigstion of the river.
1 regret to report dial Major Ringgold died tbn morn
ing of the l Itli inst., of the severe wounds received in
the action of Palo Alto. With the exception of Capt. j
Page, whose wound is the other w-.iundt-d
officers are and ong well. *fn my r. ot the second
engagement,! accidentally oruitt 1 tin’ nfuneol Lieut.
Dobbins, 3.J infsotiy, amotit’ the ofllcer* alijhily
wounded, and desire tb it the omission may bn rupplicd
lin the despatch itself. lam under the painful neces
sity of reporting that Ltsuf. Blake, topograpliic.il en
gineer, after rendering distinguished service in my t i IT
during the affisir ot the iih imt., scr.idfntally shot
himself with a pilol on the f.dlowing day, aid ex
pired before night.
It bus been quite impossible si yet to furnish detail
ed reports of our engagements with the enemy, or
even accurate returns of the killed and wounded. Our
Us* is not fsr from 3 officers and 40 men killed, and
13 officeia and 100 men wuunded ; while that of (he
enemy has in all probability exceeded 300 killed; more
than 200 have been Luiied by us on iLe two fields of’
battle.
I have exchanged a sufficient number of prisoners
to recover the comrmrd of Capt. Thornton. The
wounded prisoners have been a**nt to Mat.imoros the
wounded offi era on their parole. Oeneial la Vega and
a tew other offireis have been sent to New Orleans,
having declined ■ parole, anil will be reported to Mj.
lien, (limes. lam not converss*t with tko usages of
war ia nuih cases, and beg that such provision may he
made for these prisoneis aa may be authorized by law.
Our own prisoners have l een treated with grent kind
no/shy the Mexican officers. Z. TAYLOR.
Brevet Brig. (inn. U. 8. A., commanding.
I The Adjctast (ilm i iial of the army.
Washington, D. U.
1 11C LATE MAJOR RINGGOLD.
The dereased was the eldest ton of the late Gen
eral ‘Samuel Rmggol I, of Washington County, M*-
i rylamJ. Hi* mother was a daughter of Gen. John
I (-’adwalader. of Philadelphia, a distinguished citn n. in
I the days of the h'evolu ion.
Ho entered tbe army, us Lieutenant of Artillery, in
July, 1818, having graduated at Weal Point, with
much honor ; being one of the five whose names were
recorded us the m<>*t dislinganhrd of the class. He
was at once selected by Gen Scott rh one of bis aids ;
and served in that capacity several yea a, and aver en
• J *y*d* tn a very asninent degree, the confidence and
| friendship of that distinguished soldier. Pei.d rig the
dis'Qibancea in South Carolina, and in the year 1832,
‘he tlereased waa there on duty, anti he has frequently
expressed his heartfelt gratification at the peaceful ter
mination of the unhappy diflirultu-s between a portion
of the gallant people of tbit Hlste and the General Gov
ernment. W hen tbe Indian war occurred in Floiida,
te deceased, then a Captain of Artillery, was there on
ilnty ; actively employed, in various services, until the
w,.*!i*g rfTVcts of the climate had so impaired his health
that 1m w*h prostrated by diseuse. For ** meritorious
service*’ in that campaign, he was rewarsded by the
rank of liisvcl Mnjar. He waa afterwards select-d
i y tbe Major (Jenvril Commanding iu-Chief to organ
ize a corf a of h lying Artillery, and he paid every pos
sible attention tathe instruction and discipline of this
• arm of the rervice. How faithful he peiformtd his du
j ty. in this respect, the wonderful performances of hi#
admirable corps at Fort McHenry and other places,
’ and ea the field of Palo Alto —fully attest.
fie never recovered from the rfTecta of bi exposure
during the Florida campaign; and when ordered from
Foit McHenry to join tbe Army in Texas, the expe
rienced Surgeon at this post strongly insia ed upon hia
physical inability to go through with the campaign
But he strengthened himself f.r duty, and as far as
known here, he was never, for un b -ur. unfit fir serv
ice aince he left the Fort. 1L foil in the fierce battle
of the Bth inst.,tlie same ball killing his boras under
him, and woundirg him mortally.
The deceased was an neeompjished gentleman, be
loved by his fiieuds, and truly respected by all who
knew him. lie was devoted to his profession, and
justly appreciated the high responsibilities of an officer
in command. He rigidly enforced discipline, at all
times and in all things; and yet, probably, no officer
had more entirely the respect, the confidence and the
ii fieri ion at a regard of all his officers and men, than the
gallant aoldier of whom thin brief sketch is given.
The deceased, in a letter to his imineu iate friends,
; written j st as the Army was about to march for Gamp
Label, (hut which letter was received only aince the
sad intelligence of his fill) of the axtreme prob
ability of a seriona rencontre with the enemy, and ex
pressed sire confidence in the triumph of our gallant
little Army. But with eiiaracterieiic cooloesa ho also
adverted to the great probability of hi* own fall in bat
tle : and. in anticipation of that even he made a brief
will, which wan enclosed in that letter.
Ilia patiiotic words to the fii ndly officers who came
to bis assistance ought never lo be fmgotten :— *• Don’t
stay with me: you have woik to do: go ahead.”
Buch was the lute Mjor RiKnr.oLn : and many such
brave and gallant men make our Army, small as it is,
an invincible host.—
CAPT. SAMUEL H. WALKER.
I hie officer is one of those rare spirits which a at * t
rt war will bring out from onr cil aen soldiers, if is
l.ite unequalled conflict w ith the Mexicans, in which
be lost nearly every man under liia command, and I. s
dating heroism in culling hi. way to lien. Tsyloi’s
camp, has cxcilfd in the public mind a aPong desire
‘l° know mo-e of him. He is the same gentleman so
, frequently and bonoiable spoken of in Uni. (Feed's
juuiiiil of the Mier expedition. lie is a native of
Washington City, from whence ha went into rhe Flor
ida war, whore in aevtral campaign# he distinguished
himrelf hy his intrep and bravery, In 1842 he went to
Texas and during the invasion of that Republic by lien.
oil, he was marked fur hie bold and daring conduct.
After the Mexican General had retreated from San An
tonio, and when he lay upon the Rio Hondo, Capt.
vV alker and Capt, McCullough ciewled through hie
ctmp one night and spied out Ina position, and the
next dey wiih the gallant Hays, led the attack apon
I hie rear guard. He then joined the celebrated exj*e*
,I it ion again.t Mier, on the morning of that saoguiu *iy
bittle, he, with three other#—taring the ahvance accut
of the i rxanv w.a taken pri.oner and cairiod with
his hand* lied behind b.m lo the head quarter# of Ur n.
Ampiidia, /he Mexican Ucnernl questioned him as
to the Texan forces, and when Walker informed him
lhat the 1 evens haj only three hundred mrn, Atnpu
die pompously replied: •• Lues that audacioui hend
full ol men p esunie lo follow me into thia airung place
and attack me V • Ye-,’ say. W alker, • make yr.U'aelf
content upon that aul-jecl, Uetierel, they will follow i
you into h—l| nd attack you there.’ lie was, with
hi* comrade#, then marched a j riaoner to the city of
Mexico.
At Saladn, with the lamented Capt. Cameron and
Dr, Brenner*, he led the alia- k upon the guard, over
power.d them, and marched fixy Taxaa. when, after
eating up all |h# horses and mule*, surrendered lo tho
Meg iron Generals Mer ter and Oitago. He wa# again
marched to B,dado, where, with hit comrades, ha was
rnirlo to draw in the celebrated black bean lottery, smd
every tenth man wa# shot. Th. ee that remained of
rhe Texan* were ma chej lo the Cs.ilool Penile anj
ihe city of Mexico, Here, while working on the alrerta
in that city, he was struck hy a Mexican corporal for
nut working lister, whan with hi. spade he knocked
down lha rorporal, which cauaed the gurrls to Ia u him
nearly to death. Hie life was a long time despaired
af, sud upon hi* r.eoveiy, he with two companions
ac#led Ihe walla of him prtaon after nightfall, and wade
Ids way to Texaa, over u distance of mors th in a thou
sand miles. Before, however, they got out of lha coon,
try,they were twice imprisoned, and each lime effect
ed th. if escape. When he had reached Tens again
It*joined Capt. Have, who wtth fifteen other#, armed
with Colt's repeating pistols, fought 88 Cumanchee,
•ml d.feated them, leaving 3 killed upon the ground
Hi ie Walker was run through Ihe body with a Com
stir I e sjiear, and lx is life again despaired of,
I o inch men 1 etna is indebted for her emancipa
tion front Molten, Few as they are, they heve won
lisr lib rty, ami have miraculously maintained it for
ten years egainet all tho boasted power of Mexico.—
Glubt,
col. Mclntosh.
It Will he extiemely gratifying m the friends nf Col.
Mclntosh to learn that Ins rase has s.au „ Ia f,.,
tile aspect. Til# eircuinslaucoa ul Ins rencounter wnb
the enemy, nnd l| rescue fruin tupetior number*, it
almost inliaoafcbu*. *wo4iisr that he wa> first,
reported
We hive%o relativo in this
city, w has aullered the
seven st pafti since
two day* loll lor his situation, hut
that on th i IStu instknt ho was quite easy and doing
much belt*Allan was expected.
Col. McflflHßuLound-* were received in the battle
of the leading Ins regiment neainsi
llic enemy’s W hen he had almost reached
it, his horse, u noble animal, waa shot hotu under him.
Bix Mexicans rushed out of a am ill cluster of chappa
rat (for this light was in ilie chapparal) three with
their b.iyoueta poiuti dat his head. Or.f bruised his
nose slightly—the other went in mouth, knock
ed out most of the tieih on the leftside, anJ passed
through his neck ; with the bayonet thus they pinned
him to the giourid. One pul l e rt.uzzG of hia musket
to the Colonel's fenhead and pub and ruu r but the
powder in ihe pan fiiahcd, Ann hri ui t*’- mn-k *
the breast of the alien Colon® . Win e-u *• • I tir
ing, ihe Co'onel pushed t us.ue
into the ground. A bayonet w., a \ ■> hi
lt ft arm and br -ke it. Had nut someone mu m ins
rescue at the moment, Ins l rains would avo t**ia
eu ont with t: eir muskets. The Colonel has aimth* l
slight wound in the leg I’he wound in the neck has
caused him more pain than ten thousand deaths.
In the course of hx weeks, it ia believed that the
Colonel will be able (o travel,and a change Torn Point
Isabel, where there is no comfmt, to New Orleans, will
he of much benefit to the gallant Colonel.
The above particulars will he read with inteiest by
his numerous friends in Georgia.
We desire many—many years of health and happi
ness to one who has ao gallantly borne himself in Itte
hour vs buttle, fir*l as Lieutenant, and now as leader
of a brigade, who in the impetuosity of the charge up
on the enemy’s destructive battery, had no lime to
think of their gallant Chief, hut were borne headlong
upon the foo.— Suvanruih Georgian.
YELLOW FEVER OF MEXICO.
When it ia stated that our military forces will he li- t
able to the uttacks of that scourge of Mexico, the Vo/-
ito% it seems to be forgotten that the Mexican forces ;
drawn from the interior, aie equally susceptible to its
destructive influence,if not more 9*,froin their unclean
ly habit*. The Vomito does not in its range of pow
er extend more than from 30 to 60 miles from the sea
coast. The interior in never invaded by it. The A
merienn army, from its present local position, or its
progress through the interior, could not be subjected
to the attacks of the malaria, engendered by the sw amp*
ol Mexico. Its enemy will not be Vomito, but wide
deserts devoid of the means of sahMsttnce for an army.
Chs. Evening Xtuss .
Summer Quarter* of the U. S, Arm y. — We learn
from a private letter, that Gen. Taylor has expressed
a determination to make his summer quartets at Mon- 1
tsrey, and there is no doubt, that with the force now |
under his command, and the volunteeis that are ha*t- 1
cning to his standaid, that he can establish bis sum- [
mer quarters in any pait of tbe eastern provinces of
Mexico that he desires. The valley of Monterey was
visited by man) of our soldie't, during the Federal
war, and they all describe tl as an earthly paradise,
groves of oranges, lemons, figs, and pmnegranits, sur
round the city ; and the whole valley which is litigat
ed by counties* rivulets of pure and wholesome waters,
is but a continuous ga den producing various kinde of
vegetables, and tropical fruits m abundance. Tke cli
mate however, in summer, is lather too warm to be a
grreable to persons from the Northern States; hut at
a short distance, in the elevated plains along the moun
tains, the climate even in midsummer is as cool and
salubrious a* that of the Catskill mountains. Even
the noithern suits, such as tbe aj pie, pear, etc., are
produced in abundance in these elevated regions.— !
W l.rn our troops once get pleasantly located in that de
lightful region, they will be very unwilling lo forsake
it, and the glowing descriptions they will ciiculale
throughout the Union, will ere long exci e a desire a
mong all classes to annex it to the United Mutes.—
I he ttupend us chain of the Sierra Madre, is a bound
ary meet for a great nation ; but the insignificant Rio
Bravo is only suitable o define the limits of Stales or
counties.— Texas Telegraph,
“San Juan de Ulloa stands in the sea at the dist
ance of only eight hundred yards from tbe city of Ve
ra G’ruz. and consequently has fuU command of it bv
point blank shot. Should the commodore, therefore,
obtain possession of the castle, the city could not hold
out twenty-four hours. Placing a sufficient garrison
in the castle and in tbe city, tbe Americans would
have the high road to tbe capilol of Mexico open be
fore them, and advancing into the interior could foim
a junction with the forces moving fiom the Rio Uiande.
A combined movement of this kind would distiact the
enemy’s attention, and tbe forces in ike most populous
part of the country would be kept from marching to
defend the capitol tor fear of danger to their own homes.
In the midst f theii alarm on account of armies ap
proaching from the north and from the caM, if iwo
thousand troops could land on the western co*>t and
threaten the city of Mexico from that direction, ita t cap
tore would easy and certain. I'erhapa these two
thousand men could be made up from the marines arid
seamen of the fl- et on the Pacific and volunteers from
Urtbforuia and the Handwic'i Islands. Many Ameti
cans are selih-d in tho north west part of Mexico, in
the vicinity of Saota F\ and there are at all times
large bodies of trader* in that region, or on their way
to or from. Ihe first news from that remote pad of
the continent will inform us of a revolution there and
the hoisting of ihe American flag iShoyld this evrnt
he delayed, the e are ihousaiuls ot hardy huriierw in tho
Mistouii region and on the frontier of the Great Prai
ries who will hasten to lend h hand For its accomplish
ment. Before ihe fir*i day of next Jennary the nation
of Mexico will he near it* last gasp—provided our gen
eral government wisely second the energy and spirit of
the people and give their loice the proper direction.—
N. O. Courier .
Front the Bolt!mart American.
MEXICO—B >ine accotuxl, geographical am! slau
tical, ol the Mexican rrpublic miy he ol inteiesi •
llii# time. Our relation* with that country re iki ■
lo render • p'ebniinery knowlrdgeol it* conditiun ac
geography especially use^ti,
Tho nituial fcaiuu-s of Mexico are outline.l with
great boldness. As the peninsula between the (full
and the Pacific narrows towards Ihe i#l!linus, Ihe land
rises into niouniau * and mountain elevaiiun*. all bevr
ing trace* of volcanic origin. The city ol Meiico
aland# 7,400 f< el above the level of the Uulf. Yet the
city itself seems lo ho in a valley; for it is encircled
by mountains and is situated in a vast plain of allu
vial formation,
| The tettilory of the republic extend* from Istituds
fifteen Bouth lo fortv-iwo degree* North. In point of
position uo country is more advantageously situated
lor, it command, both oceans, looking toward. Europe
and A.ia; it is connected hy the fiulf and the Mis
aia*ippi with every part of North America, and to the
Southern portion of the Continent tl ha. eveiy facility
of approach on either coast. Tho route of commerco
Which is one day to unite the Atlantic and Pacific and
to bring Europe end the East into approximation;
which is to leave Cape Horn lo its storms, and eon
.central* the trade ol (he world in central America—
mu.t pats tbiuugh III! territory of the Mexican Ra
i public.
j The configuration of the eoun'ry gives lo Mexico
almost every variety of climate—tiepical on th* coast
i— lempcrals on the elevated labia lands—chiliad with
I perpetual (now oil the mountain summit*. The qu*U
j me* of us soil are equally various. It produce* the
growth* of numelous lailluJe*. and such I* the feililb
, ly of ita vslhas that with industry and skilful sulnva
lion tl could be mad* the richest country hi the world.
Thoee region* which are made barren by rugged moun
tains moie than compensate foi their agricultural po*.
“rty by tha trsaauioa of gold and .liverambeddcxl in
tiifir bofoia. •
J h insulation of Maiico it to range
from eight lo nine million*. Os thr*c mora than two
filths era of tha Indian race. Those ol our Beni* K#
(radar* who have gont into lha interior lewsids tho
ciiy ol Mexico apeak of Urge and populous lowna,
with fin* edifice*, along the route. Chihuahua, Zo
rater**, Hn Lutlia Poioet the** .nd other town*,
*ome having tweuiy thousand inhabitant*, are found
near the mining dial net* or in the rich valley* of lb*
in'mioi. For years past the northern Ininner haa been |
subject to the intoads of tho Comanche*, who, aweep
mg suddanly down on swift horses, de***|*|a the court
try and tuen with their plunder m-ke a speedy retreat,
flic uuwarbko character of tba Mexican, la xbowo by
the >/nj/Ufily wiiti vtfiicb ificM luvatfer* nny on ibeir
foray#—outrages vtUivh ihr-y vJare not~*lt?ni(t on the |
Texan settlements since tho *en*re lessons lury have j
received from Texn rifle*. After passing the frontier
of lUe noithem departments the Mexican country pre
sent* an aspect of good cultivation. Farms, plants
lions. villages ami towns are seen, with all the u*uil
accompaniments of ruial life iu a well peopled dis
trict.
To the city of Mexico the approach is spending
from every direction. The copilot stands, crowning,
as ii who. the magnificent region of which it is the
central and culminating point. It is nearly midway
between Vera (Jru7. on the Gulf and Acapulco on the
Pa iftc. Tiavt tiers speak in glowing terms of iia
splendid and imposing aspect. “ Mexico is undouht
illy on? of the finest citiee ever budt by Europeans in
either t'ein'sphere/’ says Humboldt, ** with the ex* ep
ti *n * f Pttershufg, Berlin, Philadelphia, and some j
1 quarter* ot Westminster.”
Ihr mpoHing Hppearnnce of this Spanish built city
! - ‘
I t*r u i* it more than once. *• From a singular I
•ni in of ircumst .nces,” he says. *• I have seen !
t ly. will in a very short space of time, Lima, i
Meu>* . Phil tiu Iph .r. Washington, Paris, Home, Na-
I'les. and Hie largest c iti* sos Germany. By comparing
•4* lher nnpre. .lioiih winch follow in rapid succession,
*• are enabled to rcit fy any opinion which tvs may
‘■a* em* easily sdopicd. Notwithstanding such una*
•udsblt- aoinparisons, of which aeveial, one would
think. mut have proved disadvantageous for the c*pi
t.d . f Me xico, it has left a recollection ot grandeur
wb'i h 1 pnncipally attribute to the majestic character
Ms situation and to the surrounding scenery.”
I he approach to Mexico when the city fust appears
t* ! traveller, with its magnificent valley, and its
gr ji and rampart of mountains enclosing it like a battlc
menu and wull orseiiesof barriers, is naid to present one
<1 the moot sublime spectacle* in the woild. Our fcl
!.w townsman, Mr. Mayer, who resided in Mexico in
LSI l and 1842, says—•• 1 have a* en the Simplon, the
•■"tplengm. the view fiom Rhiai, the wide and ‘winding
Ulune,’ and ihe p opped from Vesuvius over the love-
K lay of Naples, ns indolent waves sleeping in the
wuirn sunshine of their purple bed —but none of these
scenes Compaq with the valley of Mexico. They
want some of the elements of grandeur, all of which
are gathered he r s.”
The .population of the city of Mexico is estimated
at some two hundred thousand. It has numerous pub
lic edifices, some of which are massive aud msgiiifi
cent, squares, aqueducts, wide and spacious streets. —
Formerly Iheie was great wealth in this city, but the
many revolutions and distractions to which Mexico
has b. en subject, have tended to abate somewhat from
the splendor of living and style in which many used
to indulge. Forced loans by the Government are
sometimes the consequences of too great a dhplay of
individual wealth. The Government, inder and; or ralbei
the want of a Government, is tho greatest misfortune
that afflicts Mexico. Under the visitation of this ca
lamity her natural advantages are of no avail; her vast
teaources are profitless; she pines in poverty amidst
the teeming riches of her mine*.
Without extending this imperfect sketch further at
present, we may take occasion soon to refirto Mexico
in view of the hostile relations now existing between
that country and ours.
[From the Savannah Republican ]
As some of our citizens have in prospect a visit to
this city and the surrounding country, we have token
some trouble te gather a few particulars in regard to it
which w ill he of interest to them, as well *a to the gen
• rial reader. Our informant ia a gentleman of intelli
gence, who resided in the place for f >ui years, from
1834 to 1838. and who, from his connection with the
public press, bad ample means of acquiring informa
tion, as well as strong inducement to Umiliariit* hi ni
sei I with men, manners an I places.
Our informant recognizes the general correctness of
the map* which have recently ben published. The
potilion of the city, of the American Aimy, Ac., are
all correctly represented. The Bluff upon w hich Gen.
Taylor’s Camp ia located, is some ten to twenty feet
higher than the ground on which the city iv built.—
The rurienl of the River at this point is exceedingly
sluggish, an t its courso so tortuous between Mabiiuo
ros and the Gulf, that it hts been found impossible to
atcend it with sailing vp*§r|. When our informant
was there, goods were not landed at Point Isabel, hut
st the mouth of the Rio Grande, and wee thence car
ried to Mat.imoros in carts, drawn by oxen. He is un*
j der the impiession that the Custom House at Point
Isabel, has leen recently established—perhaps since
the loss of ihe steam-boat which was engaged iu the
irade during his residence at Matamoros. Barr it a, tbs
place spoken of as the destination of an ex edition by
hosts on ihe river, ho says is not a village but only a
few indifferent houses at the ferry, which is half way
hetwovn the Gulf and th# city.
The plan of Matamoros is very similar to that of
Bavannah. The streets are not wide, hut lun at right
angle*. and their are several public squares, which give
an airy appea ance to the place. The house* of Mat- 1
amorn* are built mostly of clay an I twig*, there being
in 1838 noi more than twenty or thirty brick buildings
in ttie place. These later are mostly in the vicinity 1
of the squares, and have be* n e e**led by foreigners.
The ground in the rear of the city i* subject to inun
dation during the wet sea-mo, to ihe depth of several
f*el. and the subsidence of ihe waters leaves ihe Lake
RMiked upon ihe maps. It is of considerable depth
and extent, and its waters are used by the washer wo
rn* ii of the place, who congregate there in considerable
iiumhtr*. to ply their vocation. It is also the general
u s >it *-f the citizens, male aud female, who repair thith
er in lit*'at numbers, for the purpose of bathing dining
the spring nnd summer months. This is a peculiarity
wnh the Mexicans, and strange as it may seem to some,
these common ablutions of the sexis. are not regard and
as in the *lighieM degree improper or indelicate. Tbs
only difference between that country and this is, that
the !*etux and hell* make Ihcir pleasure excursions in
and under water, ins'eud of in sail heats aud steamers;
and the one is rega'd *1 and spoken of with tho same
<b Ii a* v -d I menage and purity of purp*>#e, ts the other.
‘* n *t i jol i*. upturn !
’ I d'on of Mitin r. our informant thinks,
I v :i4 *mi aevi n ibouasnd.— Prim to that lime
a e... .hi* irude m dry go a- had been carried on
with lb n rrior towns, Durango, .M .iitcry. &,... and
■* r. ih Indian*. Jo this hu-tueas, several Americans
had ainas'i'il cniiaidriahle fortune*.—Since 1834, the
trade us the place had fvlh-n i.lf, and tho population
diminished. |i is uow mainly anaiaimlhv llie income
from the car.lo, hides, tallow, in::lca. wool, spe
cie, Ac los [M.ip.'a S'e iiidohm. and llie classes of
society aery distinct. Thu heat clss<, the descendants
of the old Spaniards, is *ery limited und exclusive
They nr* tolerably well educated—the men lieine gen
erally in the public offices or the army.and the females
| engaged in light end ploaauralile pursuits a „,| amuse
men’s, such as dancing, wilding, playing the guitar.
Ac. They a.eh ul lirnitedly educated, and many of
them cannot write their nvsn language, though they
•peak it with fluency and elegance. They are fond of
dress, ate generally tastefully strayed and are graceful
and eay in their mannria. Though eh nr* air com
mon in their parlors, our informant says that it is not
uncommon in tho hast circles, to tee the beautiful ilati
j eyed signora sealed upon the carpet and surrounded
I hy a bevy of dark baited, inustschcj admirers.
The women of the lower classes are move homely,
though scarcely lees attractive in their appearance.— !
The domestics are in a st ile us more abject alsvery, in
finitely. than our negroes. They are flagellated un
mercifully. and as lha ultimatum us disgrace ate some
time* compelled lo sol-mu to have th.-ir hair shorn
rloae to their head. As the flowing hair ol lha Mail-
I can women ia regarded as her greatest ornament en is
’ the privation of it consider*d a* the greatest indignity 1
ami punishment.
In regard to the Mevirnn eoldiera, our informant
asya. they are men of small stature, of light muscular
frame, eieeedingly homely in llteir appearance—poor
soldiers, l<ut hold and fearless rider*. They are not
eonalant in their atlachmente—.fight for pay, and will
follow the leader who feed* ami pays them heal. They
have displayed ennir courage in their local fight*, par.
tieulaily when knitn and stilettos were used, but have
a gtral aversion to lire arm*, especially in close (pur
ler*. Acting in large bod tea, they are aaaily confuted
even in their common military displays, and conao. |
quaotly svould auffer greatly f I0 „, * iU( td*n and cigar,
oue attach in a general engagement. Owing to the
uaaattM condition of the country, and ths lose pay in ‘
the army, they are reluctant lo rnlei the service. On 1
this account the schemes ant) dovieee of their officers
ta cheer and encourage ihera are sometimes ridiculous 1
enough. Ihe ptcpatalloni far celebrating a victory
are often made in euilcijwhori, aud ao/nriimet, a* was 1
the ca-e in the Itto gonfint with the Americans, fail.
with the prifourre end munitions of war into the hands I
of the enemy, affording them at once a victoiy and the
facilities for its celebration. Their food consists main
ly of the tortilla or corn cake, baked in ashes, and beat,
with which they use large quantities of thili cofarado,
or Me ican red pepper. They also use extensively for
food a species of small red bean called frijula. Their
horses are small, weakly and badly subsisted, frequent-’
ly so feeble a* to fall prostrate under their hoc cage and
rider, while he ia in ihe act of mounting. Mules are
very ahundjnt at M'ltainnroa. and of a quility superior
to any raided upon the continent. They are used in
the carriages of the rich, and almost the only locomo
tive* in Mexico. A aingle mule will carry three hun
tireil pounds of baggage with ease, un almost incredi
ble distance per day. Good horses and mull's in the
country can be purchased nt from 16 to 2U dollars.
Our informant speaks of the clunitc of Matamoros
most favorably. He thinks it i* quits as healthy su
Nrv*nn ih. if not rnoie so. During his U*ur yeur* res-j
idence there yeTow fever was unknown, sod even chills
and fevers exceedingly rare. In the intenor, inlhedi-!
rection of Monterey, or even Durango, the country is
| high, dry and healthy, Du-anyo is uu old Spunish
town, of front forty-five to sixty thousand inhabitants,
and w ould well repay • Uncle San; V’ troops for a visit,
and besides be u most agreeable summer letrrjt— not
inferior to tho White Sulpher or Saratoga. Upon the \
whole then, we think that volunteers may dispel their
apprehensions in reg >rd to tho uriliealtlilulin-** of the
country on the Rio Giande—they may meet with a
fe*r bloody minded mosquitoes, an occasional arm
puta, or wild Mexican in the chapp-irrals, but in their
inarch fur the ** Hall* of the Montezumas,” they will
soon strike a high, dry, healthful region, where subsist
ence will be easy, and opportunities fur fighting not
unfrequent.
From the Charleston Mercury .
TUB WAR.
Many person* here believe that by making th** wis
est use of the successes ul Gen. ‘Taylor, the war with
Mexico may soon be brought to a dose ; that it re
quires no more than the expulsion ot the enemy be
yond the Rio del Norte, to convince them that the
contest is hopeless and bring them to • temper favora
ble to peace. Firmly convinced that war wiih anv
foreign nation is of necessity a war also against the in
stitutions, the progress and the best good of the peo
ple of the United Btates, we should bud such a result
with lively pleasure. Surely it is worth seeking.—
Moderation with Mexico, under the circumstances,
could only he attributed to a love of peace, while a
fierce persistence in war, is certa:ti to he ronstiued by
the world as a desire for conquest. And it it probable
the world would be right iu such opinion. No symp
tom of moderation shows iieelt in the press, in the
public meeting* or in the Legislative Halls, The pco
pie are becoming deeply excited arid all the elements
of excitement areproluedy pouted out by their leadens.
This river threatens soon to become a resistless toirent.
Nothing is talked of but great armies, a match upon
the city of Mexico, and the u'ter demolition of the
nation that has provnktd our w rath. Success only
increases the vehemence of desire for revenge, bv
showing, or se* ruing to show, that it is w ithin our
gratq*. The editorials of the official p .per at Wash
ington become more and mote truculent and hhody,
indicating that nothing but violence an J conquest ia
thought of by the Administration.
We rejoice as much i any, to see a brave sod de
termined spirit exhibited by cur country men. Under
the circumstance*, eucli s *pi it i* true patriotism and
the want of it would be a di-grace to the country.—
Nor d* we object to the speedy concentration <3 am
ple and efficient means for hr j texecution of the war.
| Sound policy ib rnaiiJ* :t. IT ’ they must be propor
tioned to Ihe object, slid if that object b. rue tly ihe
defence of our country and (he cliusttsearrnt of Mexi
co, ten thousand men are enough. The Navy can do
all els that is needful. The more spirit the Mexicans
have tltovvn tn the commencement, the moie it is evi
dent they had determined to make the Rio del Norte
•he battle ground, and ihe stronger the proof that if
they aie hope Vs* ly worsted there, they will give up
the contest. Nothing should be spared to make *u h
a result inevitable; but beyond that we have no wish
to sec war waged. NVc shrink with dread f.utn li.e
development of a love of conquest among our people.
Such a passion ia th*- enemy of liberty and of law. A
military republic will, in the very mtureof thing*,ever
tend to a dictatorship and thence to • monarchy.—
Whtt’ do we look for, even ill the acquisition of *il
Mexico, to compensate for the corruption and over
throw of the Republic 1 Let u* take caution in time.
Let us not cast away the priceless jewel of our f ee
dom. for the lust of plunder and the pride of conquest.
What can we do with Mexico, if we conquer her 1
Do wo expect we can melt into our population, eight
millions of men, at war with us by race, by langi a;e,
by religion, manners anJ laws? Do we hope tuniuke
citizens of the seven millions of Indians, that are b.g
otted, ignorant, idle, lawless, sluvUh. and yet free?
A more p*6tilent element to let loo*e among our par
ties could not be imagined. We could not exists* a
republic m such copxilne y. What we need, then, is
speedy |ice as the fruit of vtilor and skill, and that
our victory bo siamttd neither by injustice nor ambi
tion.
MEXICAN ACCOUNT OF THE EVENTS ON
Kid GKAN DE FKOM MAY’ Ist TO
drill. BOIU INCI.LSIVE.
Frum Ihe Mutamo a v Engle, Muy 4!h.
The G'l day ot tin* month ai 11 A. M , hi* Excel
lency, Ihe General-in-Chief, left this | lace to join the
army, which had marched a tew hours previous, for the
purpose of passing the rivei at no gieut distance Four
tbe enemy’s camp. In coos, queues nf the ordee given
for the atcomptoliirient of this dangerous operation, |
with proja-r security and conformable to the rules of
military art, on Ihe arrival of our troops at tkc point
drsgnn ed, all the Hoops under ihccommand ol Gin
Torrejon had already oerttpird the left hank. The rn-
thustism of our soldiers to otetcome the ohstucle that
scpa'aled them from the enemy au* so grtat, that they
appeared atrronful at (he delay cauvrd by lha inju
ries received by the flat bouts that In-d necessarily been
conveyed by land on carta, ami were *o much dam
aged that they immediately filled with vv iter on being
put into the liver. Krrcrihth:* uvli was the activity
of the watka, such the stdor and activity of the (ten*
eral-tn-L’hicf, wt.ovc ordet* were fulftled with th< gn at.
cat celerity and eiactnrss, lbs a few hours sufficed to
transport to the opposite liiaigin of the Bravo a strong
rim.too, with ell llit-it artillery and train ol war.—
This rapid and well combined movement ought to have
deiuouatiated l- the invadora, that the Mriicana bavo
not only tnsliuctioa and aptitude for war, but llm
these qualities appear real zed on the present occasion
hv the most pure and refined patriotism. The Divis
ion of the North, encountering fatigues end overcom
ing difficulties, rut ill search of an enemy , who,cov
ered by parapets ami defended by cannon of heavy
cal Ins, can, w uli imJispulattl* advantage, await the at
tack. With deep batra, with a multitude ol foititi
oatinna. the defence were rasy agait at th -ae who pre
sent lo them thru hare breasts. But General Taylor
dared not resist th* valor and enthusiasm of the sons
of Me lieu! Well he frresaw the Intrepidity with
which our soldiers would have rushed upon the usurp
er! of our national territory ; well he knew that those
who heve a> many injuries to avenge, those who have
gtaspril their lists not lo augment llit-ir own properly
| by despoiling other*, but m lasur of Ilia mdep. ndence
of the country j well bs knew, we again repeat, that
Mexicans have no tltesJ sillier of f.irrea, or so. I idea
tions, or heavy artillery. Than it is, lha chief of the
American force*, intimidated the moment he knew oy
the pioitmiiy us the situation of bis camp, that nur
army prepared to pass the river, sallied out precipitate* .
1 Iv fur thu Fronton dc Santa Isabel, with neatly all of i
lna troupe and piece* of sitillery, and sums wagons.—
Tho Ulticll was observed from till* place, during which
his Eicellency Br. Uelieial D. Francisco Mejia sent
an eaprrsa to roinniuntcats me notice to the lie natal
tn-CbuT. Hure wa inuil ittidei to cut hepu e the hon
or they mat it. “J'he eiptrvt vediallv inlormvl soma
soldnra, who hsd not yet readied th* liver.ul the re-
treat ol Ihu enemy ; Urey immediate|y set oil at u tun
spmtaneously the real us the distance. Such was the
ardor and the animus dealt* lo come up with the ene
my. Th* cumplelr II ylit and tenor that these set off
with, from the f sutler, to shut themsrlve m and avada
th* enmuntar, frustrated Ike active measure* of Hi,
Urn. Ariel*, giren with ill* object of ajvincing tho
cava ry on the plain, lo cut oil the irlirsi nf the fugi
tives. But it was tint possible even by a feiccdmatch.
In the night, lien Taykw left hi* cemp at 3 I*. M.,’
und as fear lias wings, hr succeeded in getting into the
Fronton ; for when the cavalry gut u tho punt where
they ought lo have cut ihrio off, they were already
past, and some leagues ahead, (ircsl was the disap
(loiiiloi'ol ul our talwnU 1t..l H,,y coulj noi m *M t h,
rn.mvuc, io l.co ; .b.ir rout, woulj bo.c be ‘ r
t.m. anil lb. Rrcal.Hi p,,t ,f the American ar mv *| (>
thought in cost ilown the Mexican*, would have .
■ •hed in the fuel battle of impo. lance. Uul we J* I
tn tight, and the American- do not know how to u ‘
any a-ma except deceit and perCdv. Why ,|; u
not remain firm at th, foot of their flag i Vt hv and
they leave the land they iniquitmrely pretend In usu „",
la lira- the way lire Ueneral fulfils 1,,* wor ,| of hono |',
Haannt Mr. Taylor a rid in all hi. communicatm,',,
that he wan prepared tn repel iun.c that oil*red to
la. k him 1 Why then did he run „v, ay cowar, l| v „ j
shut hit.ia.lf up in the Fronton 1 The Chief ~f lh
American army hi covered himself with digrare and
ignominy ; eaeiifieing. t aave himaelf. a part of hi
forces that he left in lire fortification*; for it j* certa,’
he would nnt return to succnr them. He ia not j,,,'”
rant of the danger they run. hut he call elutes ih„ |“’
would he giealei if he had the temerity to attempt to
resist on the plain the bayonets and lancet of the Mex.
icam.
We pass on to relate the glorioua attreei, of yri'ar.
day (Sunday, rtl.y 3.1.) At day-break our batterie.
opened Cre on (he fortifications of the enemy, and the
thundering of the Mexican cannon was saluted by the
drums of all the barracks and pointo of the | ln(
the hells of the palish church, and by thacheerx of the
inhabitants of Malatnoras. In a moment the alreeta
were filled, sn I l! were happy that Ibe hour had ar
rived to five a tirdile lesson to the American camp
Whose odb us pri acme ought no longer to he tolsraio-J
The enemy answered, hut were anon convinced th it
•heir arlillerv. although of superior calibre, could not
compete wiih that of this place. Aftei five hottri Ore
our bulwarks lemained immovable from their Mini it v
and the know ledge displayed in the rules of the tit of
their construction ; hut it did not happen to with the
fortification* of our opponent",— for their parapets wer.)
completely demolished, in such a manner that by 1 [
o’clock. A. M. they ceaaeu to play their utillery, and
silenced their fire. For our part, we continued active
ly tho real of the day without the enemy daring to au
swer.— for the parapets which they sliellerod them
selves under, being destroyed, they had not the courage
to load their cannons, that remained entirely uncovered.
The result demonstrates what ia in reality the dagger
ated skill of the American artillery. They have 1R
poundere, and those of our line do not exceed the cali
bre of 8 pounds ; nevertheless the sis all and practice of
the Mexicans sufficed to vanquish those that handled
superior arms. Unfading glory and eternal honor to
■ our valiant artillery ! The enemy, in their impotent
tagr, and previous to hiding their shame behind the
most distant parapets, had the barbarity to direct their
anna on the city, to destroy the eilificea, since it was
nut easy to and stroy the fortifications from whence they
received so much injury. This mean vengeance, that
ran only he in the souls of miserable cowards, fortu
nately did not succeed as they intended. They who
so unworthily ailoin llirinsflvt* with Ihe title of i/fui
tralcit (illustrious 1) philanthropists! But their awk
wardness was equal to llu-ir tm lice, for nearly all i|,„
hulls went over, and those that struck the houses, al
though they were 18 pounders, did no other damage
than mark one or two holes in the walls. If thoae
who conceived the infamous idea of destroying Man
morns, h id seen the smile of contempt that thenwaera
of Ihe houses displayed, and thrir indifference for the
losses they might sustain, they would have admired the
patriotism and unconcern of the Mexicans, who are
ulways ready to make the greatest sacrifices to main
lain their country and independence. The brilliant
till of May is another testimony of this truth. In the
hottest of the fire wo noticed the enlhusiesm of all
(lie inhabitant. A hall scarcely fell before ihe chib
d>en ran in scaich of it. without fear that another, di
rect, and hy the same aim, might strike the same place.
This occurred in our presence in the principal square,
where a great many citizens had collected. The tri.
umph of our arms has been complete, and we have
only to lament the death of one sergeant and two ar
tillerymen. who died gloriously fighinig for their coun
try. The families of these victims will he ptovidej
for hy the supreme government, to whose paternal
gratitude they ha-e been reenmnu-ndtd hy the tiencr
al-in Chief, It will also serve to console us that the
flood of those valiants has been avenged by their
b'nve companions. As the artillery of our bastions
introduced many halls in the enemy’s embrasures, the
loss of the Ame i leans must have been very great;
and although we do not know with certainty the
number of deaths, the most exact information makes
them 56. It is probable it is so—their abandoning
their carmen since 11 A. M. in consequence of two af
them being dismount, and and the rest entirely uccover*
ed, — the terror and pmic with which they retreated to
their farthest entrenchment* at the greatest speed;
their liking every thing away from the reaihof uur
artillery,— tbs destruction which ought tu hsve oeen
ocrasii nvl Iry the grenades, which were ao writ direct
ed that some were scarcely a rnr-a (ysrd ’) distant
from the spot where they ought to have fallen,—all
rnnlii’ me to prove that Ihe enemy baa suffi-rrJ terri
ble injury. If it was not so, why, if they have any
valor left, did ihcv not dare to repair ibcrt fortifications
during Ihe night I It is true that from time to liins
we fired a few cannons in ilia dark, hut the aim could
net lor certain, and nothing hut cowardice hindered
them from answering the fire we openrti on them at
the break of day ; not au American has shown bis
head. Silence reigns in their camp, and for this ma
uve we have suspended our fi e to-day to u ivw shots,
for there is no enemy to present hiiutcll within rearh
ot eur batteries. To eonclitde, wc insert n brilliant
paragraph in the answer given hy Ins Excellency the
(ieneral in-C'hief, to the account which he received of
Ihe p'oecedings of yesterday. He lays, •• Mexico
ought lo ylury. especially the valian division of the
North, that a force inferior in disclplrur, and perhipa
in numbers, and w ho require nearly two month* to re
ceive their necessary supplies linm the Uaj.ittl, an
proudly defying, on an mimonse plum, the army of
the United -States, and all the pow ers of that republic,
who, although they can receive assistance in filly hours,
have not dared to come out of the Fronton and glia
us battle.”
Tht Forty-Mmt h f'aralltl. — Mr. Bus to* has nisur
an elaborate argument in the Senate lo shots that
our title to the whole of Oregon is not -* clear gad
uti(|Ue*iionable 1 and upon the principle of demand
ing nothing hut whet is tight, he contends that Mr
Bulk's position on that point is untenable. Our
claim to the forty-ninth | atillrl he cnnatdcit J>er*
feci, and in his view that line t* the li at boundary that
can be devised in a geographical taped a* well at in
regard to right and jualice. At thu conclusion us Ills
remark* on Tuesday he thus spoke of that parallel;
It ia llie lino w hich parts, mote suitably thin * hut
folluwiug then high lands c u and do n, the valley of the
Columbia and of Frsziei's liver, saving tu us all aht
da overira and aellleirnnts beyond the Rocky Moult -
Inna, and leaving to the British the whole uflbairt-
It is a communion ul the line on this aide us the muUß
tuna —a lin* win. It happens tu conform to the geo
graphical features ol the cunlincnt on (hie tide of l!it
mountains, and equally to on (ho other. On tills tide,
it pails the two systems of water*, one of which lc
---lougs lo the valley of the Misaa.ippi, and the other to
the basin of the Hudson's Bay ; on lha other aide, it
pail* the system of wstrrs which belong to Ih* sailer
ol llm Columbia lioni those which belong to Fun* l *
I rivet, rutting oflTthe heads us a few streams, ol about
| equal value on each hand.
It t* Ih* lute of Utrecht— * line which will now hi
dented hut hy few—and to which le<v> nothing on*
;on this point will ever Its and by me. It t* the Itnvof
aioHT. resulting from Ih* treaty ol Ulioskt j and*•
such always looked to, in Ilia rally stage ol tint colt’
irovetey, both by British and Ante.lean al*iewan. •
the ultimate lute ot settlement aud houtidaiy Marta
the coun'.itrs. It it the lino of right, tetulnng ft"*
ih* aaul treaty of flirt hi, up lo whtc Mr. Ads®*. ®
lilt despatch to Mr, Middleton, of July 18, iN*J. tiled* -
rd an •• unquestionable title” to eglettd ; lot only ‘*l’°°
thul treaty could a line ot O unquestionable Ml*
averted. On *<• ot! -r hada, it could only he * 1,,,f
of rnnvi ntmi, • i ouernlioital Im* us mutual
taetit | and Mr. Adaint was amt a mail to cotifottou
two thing* ao diflc'ftit in their nature.
It i< thu bi et lino for ut; sot it five* u* ill lit® e'ltn
of Fugst'e Wound end Bellingham'* Uay-I donlr
the Wlrsita ofFura; (for thu*e strait*, I'k* *H 1,1 “
great straits in the w.|J, are part of thu high #•*• ■”
Incapable of self appiopnalmn by any ntliuu I ) 11 1""’
u* the so waters, and with them the pirturetqov •“
ferule M|ii*re, us inure then eu hutidrid mile’ •••'J
way, lying lie’.ween the Mlratls ol Kucaaml the
bn. and between tbc I’orific eoatl and *•* V**
range of mnuntauis, and us wbteh Mouut
near tbe ramie, i* the crowning otnawwal- aod , ‘ v ,
wbith tbe wit ‘)* vitalrlet dense* it* clawie It*®*
Utyropfc.