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..Jiilosophers have arisen, who seem independence of its territory, *o have left scarcely'any thing to be ‘ l “■ ~ r 1 discovered hereafter. For many a- „ cs astronomers had vibrated from one absurdity to another, which were dl at length swallowed up in the vortices of Descartes ; a greater ab- rdity than all the rest. Newton npeared; recalled the mind from its “England has placed France in devious eccentric track} gave it a a state of blockade. The Emperor projectile impulse, and taught it to'has, in his decree of Berlin, declared * r . iw, trnthL The the British Islands in a st&te of block- of truth* The the British Islands in a state ofblock world has not since produced aade. vfive in the orbit ty The RulTun army of Mohlavh has y lined fame artvsirage* over the Turk 400,000 men are find to remain in Auftr until a general peace. The port of Ant weip ii to be confiderably enlarged. A'.'. ditionaare to be made to the fortification! at Offend. Moravia has been evacuated by the French, and occupied by the Auftrians. ——The cfanng of the porta of Sweeden was publicly announced in handbills at Stockholm, dated ts'h October. John Q. Adams and family have arrived at E'fineur. It appears that in addition to his million to Kuflia, he is charged with a fper.lt 1 million to Copenhagen but not in the Jacksonian 1 he first ol these regulations ftyi e , Inconsequence of the peace between are the property of eyery neutral. A state may transfer itself to another state ; it may destroy the archives of its independence, and pass from Prince to Prince, but the right of so vereignty is indivisible and unalien able ; no one can renounce it. v nll .|nn • but a thousand humble forbid neutral vessels to proceed to Sweden and Rulfia, the price of tea at Co ’ . . . >n .— > I-....! ! penhagen fuddcnly fell from 21 to 17 marks. The national guards of Paris have been difeharged and their places fupplied by the tVoops of the line of the city garri, fan. Mr. Adair, the Englifh miiufter at followers have arisen, who have car-, France \ the second prohibit their cn r ied the science of astronomy beyond tering English harbors* the utmost limits, which eVen his “ England has by her orders of setherial genius could reach. • These council of the 11th of November, ov.imriles are sufficient to establish; 1807, levied an impost on neutral Conftantindple, has demanded of the Oito- tht position, that the first step tn the ships, and obliged them to enter itsj m;,n porte a r « pafTagc to thc B. ck Sra for England and her allies, which has been refufed him, in consequence of which Mr. A. was preparing to leave Confiantinople. Vfollow. I (To be Concluded in our next.) letter of the Minister of Foreign Af fairs of France, M. Champagny, to'‘General Armstrong, Minister of the U. States at Paris. “ ALTENBURG, Allg...22—SlR. His Majesty understanding that you are about to dispatch a ship to the U. States, commands me to make kndwn to you the unalterable prin ciples' which have and will regulate his' conduct in the great question respecting neutrals « France admits the principle, that the flag protects trade. The trading vessel which carries the li cense of its government, may be con sidered as a moving colony : to in still such a vessel by search, pursuit, or any act of arbitrary power, is a , violation of the fundamental law ot is an attack upon ror has decreed, that all such ships be denationalized, which had entered English ports or submitted to be searched. “ In order to ward off the incon veniences with which this state of things threatened her commerce, A merica laid an embargo in all her harbors ; and although France had done nothing more than used the right of retaliation, its wants, and those of its colonies, suffered much from this measure ; yet did the Em peror magnanimously connive at the proceeding, in order rather to endure the privation of commerce than to ac knowledge the authority of the usur per of the seas. “ The embargo was raised, and a system of non-intercourse was substi luted for it. The powers on the continent, in alliance with England, having the same object in view made a common cause with her, that they might derive the same advan •The harbours of Holland, Congte#. House of Representatives. Friday December 1. NAVIGATION LAWS. from time to time theiropinion there - Mr. Macon said he wished early to call the attention of the Hotise to two motions, the subject of which he deemed to be very important. The first of them had been formerly submitted to the House by a gentle man from Georgia- (Mr. Early) but never acted on, and afterwards by a gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. D. R. Williams) ; the other had been presented by Mr. Macon himself at the last session but at so late a period that it had not been acted on. It ap peared to Mr. Macon that these mo- combined with one submitted The following resolutions were then offered by Mr. Troup, from Georgia, and ordered to be printed and to lie on the tabic for the inspec tion of the members. Resolved, That it is expedient to authorise the President by law, to instruct the commanders of the arm ed vessels of the United States to stop and bring into the ports ot the same, all ships or vessels with their cargoes, the property of the subjects of the king of Great Britain, or ot the Emperor of France, bound to ports other than those within the do minions or colonies of either. Resolved', That it is expedient fur^ therto authorise bylaw the detenti- of all ships or vessels with their cargoes, the property of the subjects of the King of Great Britain, until the duties to be regulated and ascer tained by law-, shall be first, levied and collected upon the goods and merchandise whereof the said ships or vessels shall be laden of tariff therein prescribed, and until the said ships rr vessels shall have received due licence to depart. Resolved, That it is expedient further to authorize by law the de tention of all ships and vessels with the property of the subjects of the Emperor of the French, brought within the ports of the United States, there to abide the final decision or order of Government in relation to the same. Resolved, That an ad valorem du ty of be levied and collected, on all goods, wares and merchandize of British produce or manufacture Resolved, That it is expedient fur ther to authorize the President on ted Stfites do hereby solemnly pledger thediselvr — -*■ - » — • ^ es to the American pto 4 le and ’to the world to stand by Sc su <- /ort he '*i*ecutive Government in its refusal/! to receive any further ommuniefrions from the said Fran cis James Jackson, and to call into action the Whole force of the nation if it should become necessary in consequence of the conduct of tho Executive government in this res pect, to repel such insults and to as sert and to maintain th* rights, the honor, and the interests of the U* nited States* THE JOURNAL. TUESDAY, December 26* The Editor of the JourUal haft beCn politely favoured with a letter om New-Orleans of the 20th No vember, which states, that William Brown, Collector of the pottof New- Orleans has absconded, St taken with him about one hutidredandfifty thou sand dollars—.that Government had sent in pursuit of him ; but It was thought he would not be overtaken* as he had departed in one of the fast est sailing Felucca's of that place* A letter from Liverpool, dated October 20th, received by the Her cules, arrived at New-York, says, “ We have just received intelligence* that the Spanish government have ordered the British troops and ves* sels to depart from their territory and harbours immediately. No re a* son is assigned for this measure. taares.- eolonization, and the government of the same. The seas belong to every nation, withoutj of ' the EUjei of the yVeser, „f Italy, exception: they are the common p”o-j an d of Spain, were to enjoy those , ptrty and the domain ot a h man *jbenefits from which France was to kind.. . . be excluded ; and the one and the “ Consistently with this doctrine, were |, c opened or closed Merchant vessels belonging to indi-j t0 commerce as circumstances ren- , vjcluals may pass by inheritance tou cre q expedient, so as France was persons who never exposed them-,b ere f t Q f it. selves to be made prisoners ot war.j ** Thus, sir, in point of principle, Ih all her conquests, France has con-, p rance Recognizes the freedom of sulered sacred private property, c ^ c ",neutral commerce, and the indepen- . posited in the warehouses ol ti lf jj d enceofthe maritime powers ; which vanquished state, and such have had ls j le respected up to the moment - the complete disposal ol matters °f\ v hen the maritime tyranny of Eng- trade ; and at this moment convoys j ai ^ respects nothing, and the by land of merchandize, and especi-^arbitrary proceedings oi its govera- ally cottons, are passing through the inent compelled her to adopt mea- French army and Austria, to procetd sures retaliation, to which she re- «to the destination commerce directs.| snrrp ., w ‘ th rt .. T ,, t . Let England of Fiance, anti ^different “times‘by"a gentleman Payment of the duties authorised to If France had seized the monopoly revo ]- e } u of the seas, she would have aecmmi-'p... U(C .. laud in her territory all the products' rff the earth, and she would have oh-! tained immeasurable wealth. “ Undoubtebiy, if England had blockade ,1 I dockv Of th 11th lan No' ■tree will cal iier declaration oi ^ . England. Let h r Cabinet Orders >7, and the Mi- e spire, ol itself. The ivnen c will then re cte freedom, and he m the harbors of atul protection. But from Connecticut (Mr. Dana) would form something like a system. The object of the first motion he was a bout to submit wtis to prohibit any foreign vessel from coming from a- ny port or place to which the ves sels of the United States could not go. Gentlemen would at once ob serve that there were many places whence vessels came to this country, to which we connot go, and would perceive the extent of the motion. The other motion related to the sea- letter vessels only. Mr. Macon said lie wished to put them out of the na tion, and to have no vessels belong ing to the United states which were not perfectly American. He would have our vessels wholly American, or they should not at all partake ot the character of American vessels. After declaring that he consider ed his motions as calculated for per manent regulations, Mr. Macon sub mitted the following resolutions: be levied and collected on the goods laden on board vessels the property of the subjects of the king of Great- Britain, forthwith to grant a licence to such vessels to depart and to pro ceed to the port of original destina tion without further hindrance or molestation. SENATE. Tuesday, December 5. Mr. Giles from the committee ap pointed on the first inst. reported in part the following resolution ; which was read the first time and passed to the second reading : Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the expressions contained in the official letter of Francis James Jackson, Minister Plenipotentiary of his Britannic Majesty near thi United States, dated the 23d ofOc tober, 1 309, and addressed to Mr jSmith, Secretary of State, conveying Resolved^ That the Committee of ide » cS'Cuti™ govern- ment of the United States had New- Orleans, Nov* 9k Arrived the French schooner of War La Franchise, Lt. Chivalier* captured by the United States’ gutt vessel, No 65, Lieut Commandant Dexter, for a breach of the 3d sec tion of the non-intercourse law, pas* sed March 1st, 1809. La Franchise is said to have a cargo of indigo anti specie, taken from on board two Spanish schooners. tiie dominion of land, which she ha.v American Coi Required on the ocean, her acquisiti-L. over ; t . CO(ll - 6ns wOuld have beeen equally ynor- assUn . cl 0 p a ,., tnous. Sue would as in the tiinesj p rante 1; tvout of barbarism, have sold the conrpu*r-|; t h elon ’ gs to ; h e U. States to attain ed and distributed them as sl.»yts; lhif5 ] ia p pv object bv their firmness. throughout v her land. The avarice| Can a ‘ n ; Uton> resolved to remain ol trade would have absorbed everyby ee ^ hesitate between certain iao- thing, and th Government of an en-j men j ai .y interests, and the great cause lightened tuition, which lias broughtLf maintaining her independence, ijftts ot civilization to perfection, [ jer ], 0 nor* her sovereignty, and her irimld hAVe givcli the earliest instan • uignity : (Signed) “ M. CHAMPAGNY.” EOREI&N. A i ton A, Oilober 27. Extradl of A letter from Pari», dated Odo her IS. ii We are afsured that the Emperor will ces of the return of the savage ages That government is fully impressed ‘with the injustice of its naval code. 'But what has that government to do with justice, which only inquires for profit ? " When France shall have esta blished her naval power, which, with the extent of her coasts and her po pulation, will be soon accomplished, i "then will the Emperor reduce these > Principles to practice, and apply his '• irv:»ftdate to render it universal. 1 he light, or father the usurpation oi blockading rivers and coasts by pro- dlamation, is palpably contrary to rea son and equity. A fight cannot pos- 1 sibly spring irom the will ot an inte- tested, party, but must always be founded on the natural relation oi jthin». Aplace is not properly blocka- W^rutiUss it be besieged by land and . Water. It is blockaded to prevent the Fmme and Tre te are to be he.d by the water, ai is uiutN.iui.u t . i.lprenchand Auftrian troopaconjointly until ^introduction of assistance, by whici. the surrender of the place might be protracted ; and then we have only the right to prevent neutral ships from entering thfc port when the a nluce is thus circumstanced, and the possession of it is matter of doubi between the besiegers and besieged. On this is grounded the right to pre vent neutrals from entering the place. “ The sovereignty St independence • Of iU •flag, like , the sovereignty and Commerce and manufactures be in structed to enquire into the expedi ency of prohibiting the entry of any vessel into the United States from anv port or place to which a vessel of the United States is not admitted by permanent regulation of the go vernment owning such port or place by treaty. Resolved, commerce and manufactures be in structccl to enquire into the expedi ency of authorising the registering a- new of vessels built in the United States, which are owned in whole by citizens of the U. States, any dis ability incurred by such vessel to contrary notwithstanding, and knowledge that the arrangement late ly made by Mr. Erskine, his prede cessor, on behalf of his government, with the Government of the United States, was entered into without competent powers on the part of Mr, Erskine for that purpose, were high ly indecorous anti insolent; that the rh,« X November, 1809, after he w r as ap prized hv the asseveration of the Se cretary of State that the Executive government had no such knowledge, and that if it had possessed such knowledge such an arrangement would not have been entered into on the part of the United States, and after also being officially apprised DUELLING. A Duel took place yesterday he* . tween Mr. John G. Jackson of Vir ginia, and Mr. —— Pearson of North Carolina, both of whom are mem-*' ber* of the Hou?e of representative!* in consequence of a difference which- arose between them during the late extra session of Congress, whilst the subject relative to Myranda’s me& (who have since effected their es* ; cape from their confinement in Car* thagena) was under consideration* They exchanged two fires—Mr. Jackson received the second ball of his antagonist in or near the hip bone* It is supposed it will prove mortal* Mr. Pearson is in no way injured so far as we have been informed* .Mr^ Howard of Kentucky acted as Mr* Jackson’s second, and Mr* Steven son of Virginia as Mr. Pearson’s. On Tuesday last Ml*. PeytOd Smith, son of Gen. John Smith of Frederick county, Virginia* was kil led in a Duel by Mr. Joseph Holinea of Winchester in the satfie state* (Spirit of *76.) Doctor Wilson, Respectfully informs his friend# that he has removed to the house occu pied by the late Governor Irwin* where his usual attention will be paid to their calls* December 26* d—-tf pait far Spain and Portugal. The cattle of Marrac, near Bayonne, U already fitted up for ihe reception of the Emperor. ’ •i It is (aid that the guards, a part of whom have besn -on their march lince the 13ih of October, with the corps of M»rlhal Ou dinot, Marmont and the dukt of Abrantes, will go to Spain Extraft of a letter from Drefden.of the 13th October Auflria cedes Gallicia, France, Triefte, and Iltria, which are to be annexed to the kingdom of Italy. Some letters fay that the conctufion of peace with England. B ivaria extend* her dominions as far a« Linti. The grand duke of Wurtihurg will be declared favereign of Tyrol and the coun- try of Saltzburg. Bivaria in compenfation, wilt obtain a part of Wirtzburg. It is olso faidibat tbefron'iers of the Dutchy of Warsaw will extend to the 8aan. Peace between France and Auftria wa? figned on the t4th OCIober. Bonaparte left S hoenbrunn on the 15:h. The fortificati ons which farrouiid Vienna arc to be entire me also into the expediency of forbid- ing by law sea-letters or anv custom, suc y l intimation was inadmissi- •• we areaisurcu me uiupciu* llolls ^ documents jeing grantee . was gt ;jj mo re insolent and af- remain at the cattle of Fountainbleau until! > essels not registerci oi icense [fronting ; and that in refusing to re- the middle of December, whence will de-cording to law or not owned by ci- ^.^ f urther communications ttens of the Umted State, wth.na: from c ucnce of AeK limited time a ter t e parsing o sue lj ou t ra g eoils a nd premeditated insults, 1 ,t , • , . . the Executive government has mani- Mr. Newton having seconded these fested a just J d to its own dij?ni . motions, Mr. Macon moved to reler them to the committee of commerce and manufactures* Monday, December 4. This day was principally taken up with the presentation and reference of petitions. Mr. Sawyer introduced the fol lowing resolution with so me prefa tory remarks, which was agreed to arid ordered to be printed. Resolved, That a standing com mittee be appointed, to be called the committee of manufactures j whose duty it shall be to take into consider ation all such petitions, matters and tilings touching the manufactures, as shall be presented or shall or may :ome in question, and be referred to them by the House, and to report just regard to its own dign ty and honor as well as to the cha racter and interest of the American people. That the letter signed Francis Jas. Jackson, headed “ Circular,” dated the 13th November, 1809, and pubr lished and circulated through the country, is a still more direct and •aggravated insult and affront to the American people and their govern ment, as it is evidently an insidious attempt to excite their resentments and distrusts against their own go vernment by appealing to them thro* false or fallacious disguises, against some of its acts ; and to excite re sentments and divisions amongst the people themselves which can only be dishonourable to their own charac ters and ruinous to their owrt inter ests j and the Congress of the Uni For Sale, Fresh Philadelphia Poftei*j Playing Cards, Snuff, Tumblers, and 50,000 American Sugars, b^Sfc quality* . PETER MENARD. December 26* fr-**tf Bank Bills or Silver* will be given irt exchange for STATE TROOP Bounty Warrants^ at the Usual market price* Enquire at this Office* December 26. 8—tf Administrator’s Sale. On Wednesday, 7th February, 1810* will be sold, at Thomas Reid’s mill in Putnam County, All the Property, real and personal of the estate of Jd* seph Reid, deceased* Thomas Reid, Adm. December 26.