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teri to send* party of their young
. .-f-.i to accompany Mr.li’s detach-
i*'c-»t to the village—however, when
£ie party was prepared to set out,
*hcy refused to send their escort ; so
:V- affair was abandoned for the pre
en?.
YVe found that the Richarees and
Mantlans were at peace, a party o(
the latter were on a visit at the vil
lage, who were much pleased to see
fneir countryman (Shehckch) return
,afe. In the council, the Kees de
-ir.d Mundans the white bear is firs
seen—from information which I i
eived from the hunters, he is douh.
the size of the black bear and ex
,remedy ferocious, being the despot:
tyrant of the plains and forest.
On the 21st we arrived at the firsi
Mandan village—this tribe had se
parated from the nation and had re
moved 30 miles down the river ;—
Shehekeh prevailed on them to re
turn and become friends ; here we
discovered that he was only the chief
ng privately informed they intended
us mischief, we set out in the night
ordering the men to sleep on board
unfortunately, two of the hands, oni
of the name of Aaron Whitney, a na
tive of M assachusetts, went into the
illage, contrary to order, and was
left behind. We arrived at St. Loui
in 40 days from the Company’s trad
ing house, abovo the Gross Ventre,
without any other accident.
nntmh were similar to the SoucX„ofone village, where we next day ar-
tluy expressed extreme sorrow uljrived—On our approach a salute was
the recollection of their differences
with Lieut. Prior, and their profuse-
hospitality in giving corn fk meat, e-
vinctid their satisfaction at the return
of a friendly intercourse. Two of the
principal Bouex Chiefs having ac
companied us to the villages, also
made peace with the Rees—however
the latter expressed their sentiments
Very freely of the Soucx ; they said
tluy only came to beg presents and
smoke for horses—that they would
pay little attention to their engage
ments, and that tiny would break
the treaty when opportunity ottered :
Slvhekeh appeared perfectly at home
—he handed the calumet round the
council room with all the gravity of
an original statesman and warrior.
The Kithurce towns are built on a
fireri from the barges and answered
by the villages in raising the Ameri
can flag. The barges were soon
crowded with the natives and mutu
al congratulations took place.
The gentlemen being invited to
dine by Sheheken’s brother, we found
a plentiful supply of good provisions ;
the ladies had prepared a large stew
of meat, corn and vegetables, and our
feast was seasoned by genuine hos
pitality. In the afternoon we pre
pared to visit the upper towns ; an
egant horse was presented to their
travelled chief, who had put on hi
full dress uniform suit ; his hors<
was not forgotten—he displayed con-
sidcrable taste in dressing him in
scarlet, andgold laced housings, with
a highly mounted bridle and saddle ;
handsome plane, on the south sideiihus equipped we set out, accompa
about 500 yards apart, having a stnalljmed by 30 or 40 of the natives on
liver between, which puts into tlu
^Ussuuri; tneir lodges ar built some--
wtnt similar to die Malms, with the
horseback—the singularity of our re
ception is worthy of notice ; having
rode to the centre of the village we
additionof having a covered entrance remained sometime before we were
of 8, 10 or 14 yards ; they appear to invited to enter the house of the
live much more comfortable than a-'chief ; I was informed it was the
nv of the other tribes, having their custom on all occasions to stand
huts divided into chambers with a
neatness in their construction which
we had not witnessed before ; theii
corn fie lds which border on the Mis
souri are well fenced and better cul
tivated than many farms on the Iron
tiers of the United States. Corn,
Pumpkins, Simlins, Beans, Peas,
Melons, and a varitety of other vege
tables are raised in abundance. .To
bacco is not forgotten, this plant is
much attended to, so much so as to
form a considerable article of their
trade.
'I*he Rees believe in the existence
of a Supreme Being ; they also be
etle most public place and wait th
invitation oi some of the chiefs, o-
therwise it Would he considered a
gross violation of etiquette to enter
tiie dwelling of any of those people
without a formal invitation.
Siiehekeh’s conduct amused us ve
ry much, his splendid uniform
horse furniture, his fine figure, his
Anxiety to appear to advantage, with
the contrast when compared with his
brother chiefs, who appeared imps
tientfor the presents which they ex
pected to receive from him. Tlies
articles he received from the Ame
rican government, and had rendered
Exfrarfa from the manuscript of the
fourth volume of the History of
Virginia—by Shelton Jones.
“ **#* Patrick Henry was now
the idol of popular adoration. He
was this veur a delegate from the co
lony of Virginia, to the continental
Congress, which was to meet in Phi
ladelphia. Oil the 11th of May, h
commenced his journey from Hano
ver. Upon this occasion, he was es
corted by a number of young gentle
men, from Hanover, King William
and Caroline. They attended him
as far as Hooe’s terry on the Poto
mac. Here they saluted him with a
discharge of musquetry, by platoons,
aud rentthe air with shouts of con
gratulation. A guard attended him
across the river and saw him safelv
landed, on the Maryland shore
thus committing him, by their wish
es and prayers, as it were, with mar
tial and pious formality, to the Al
mighty disposer of all human events.
This must have been a day of proud
triumph to the heart of Henry : H
saw the estimation in which his coun
trymen held him, and it could not
but have inspired grateful feelings,
veil into tile bosom of virtuous am
bition. To the actors in this scene
1 exultation, it must have been a
moment of delicious sensibility, and
exquisite enjoyment——enjoyment
without alloy
with which these can be fairly com- Eastward of Dover, amt a rnessen-
pared; but .he resolutions and ad- ger taken out with i ispu c -• • - •
dresses, drawn up, and published, by :s an Austrian messenger o t : ename
the English parliament Ik the French of Maynz, and as ispa
convention during the periods of their: Prince de Stahrcrti erg.
respective revolutions, would suffer “ Cadiz, Bov. 21.— e me some
>v a comparison with the resolutions thing now to hope from the Spanish
and addresses of the House of Bur- cause. The Archbishop ot l oledo,
jesses of Virginia. They have ajCardinal Bourbon, is appointed Pre-
nerit peculiar to themselves. Com-sident ot the Junta, am ie am is
posed in the tumult of a popular As- supporters seem determined to push
sfembly, highly irritated at the insul-jthe cause on with the vigor which it A
ting deportment of the hateful depu- has hitherto wantec.
ty, and the despotic designs of his ty- “ A levy ol 250,U00 men nas been
runt master—thty possess the pers- ordered in a limited time. lie \m
picuity and precision of the most la-also ordered partol the Junta under
bored productions of the closet poll- arrest, who were known to be m the
lievein the existence of an evil spi-jhim in his opinion the greatest man
jit, whom they worship, in order to in his country } it was expected by
be on good terms with him, as they 1 his people that he would he very li-
Conccive he has power to spoil theirberai in the distribution of some of
hunts and destroy their com and veqhis valuables, however, their hopes
getablcs. Among the multitude of were vain—Shehekeh was as anxious
domestic deities I shall.mention two
kinds—A number of Buffaloe heads
lire fixed on poles in close and regu
lar order, fantastically painted and
decorated with feathers ; the other
consists of a box filled with small
bones, buttons, beads, burnt feathers
and a variety of other trash, which is
generally in possession ot their con-
jure r and doctor, he visits the sick,
perfoinis a number of fantasies, such
as swallowing knives and arrows
blowing on and rubbing the patient
tician.
“ I have omitted the courtly forms
and ceremonies with which these re
solutions and addresses were draught
ed and presented; hut I trust, that
I have retained the substance and
spirit. Most frequently indeed, the
very language itself is preserved.
“ From what causes, the represen
tatives of the people of Virginia be
came'possessed of a spirit so lofty,
•and a genius so commanding, it mat
not perhaps, be unprofitable, briefly,
to enquire : And these causes will
be found, I believe, in the character
of the Virginia people.
Numerous have been the specu
lations as to the causes which produce
a difference in the characters ot na
tions, often separated, with respect
to geographical boundaries, by
mere imaginary line. Perhaps Hume’s
Essay upon National Characters is
superior to any thing, that has been
written on this subject. He seems
inclined to attribute much more to
moral than physical causes while that
of civilized nations depends chiefly
upon moral causes. An examination
ol this quest ion, however, upon ge-
Frencli interest. -
Dutch papers have also arrived to
the 3d inst. The only important ar
ticle in them relates to the operations
in Catalonia. The town of Hostal-
rich, which is situate midway be
tween Gerona and Barcelona, is ta
ken by the French after an obstinate
resistance. It was made a depot by
the Spaniards, for supplying the im»
portant fortress at Gerona & Blake’s
army with provisions.
Liverpool, Dec. 14,1809.
Having received by the Courier
paper of this morning, a copy of ti e
Emperor Napoleon’s Speech to ih<?
Legislative Body, we insert it
oelow, conceiving that it developes
intentions interesting and impor.a? t
to commercial, as well as political
views, and therefore may be accepta
ble to our friends.
“ Gentlemen Deputies cf Departments
to the Legislative Body. ,
“ Since our last session I have re
duced Arragon and Castile to sub
mission, and driven from Madrid
the fallacious government formed by
England. I was marching upon Ca
diz and Lisbon, when I was under
They felt themselves neral principles, is foreign to my
ail animated by one consentaneous 'purpose.— 1 he author just inention-jthe necessity of treading back my
m pulse of patriotism, conducting the 'eel, remarks that in the formation oiisteps, and of planting mv eagles on
Ambassador of Virginian patriotism the characters of nations, those lead-the ramparts of Vienna, f.ireo
and the very genius of eloquence it- ing and important circumstances
self, to a scene more glorious than! wheih influenced their original orga-
Greece or Italy ever witnessed. Ionization into societies, or their e-
was the chosen minister of freedom,migration and settlement in new
approaching, with hallowed steps, thejeountries are indelible, and never
sacred vestibule of liberty, and lay-totally obliterated, but by the enter
ing his credentials on the altar of e-'miuation ot the inhabitants. Thro
observation may be illustrated by ma-
“ Dunmorehad now issued a pro-'j^ inst “> , ancitnt and . * nodc ™-
convening the General As- 1 h “ charact $i 3 stlU vlsl f blt
This was as unexpected as at Marseilles; the Mff^an in Ire
to retain his property, as they were
to receive it—murmur took the place
ot mirth, aud on our departure from
the village his popularity was ou the
decline.
A tew miles above the upper vil
lage the principal trading house was
built, and the hunting parties amount
ing in all to about 100 men, set out
tor the three forks of the Missouri.
Iniprmation was received here that
the Biackioot Indians who reside at
the looi oi the mountains were hostile,
ing
terual truth.
re had now issued a pro-' _ , .
clamation convening the General As- 1 he ° rctk caaractt * 13 3tlU V13lble
sembiy
unhopedfor. The publications of the 1 . . ......
day averred tl* #c Governor had and the en ‘ c [P r f i - a “ d s P ir,t ot ad *
previously beTh deaf to the entrea- Vcnture oi tbe London Company is
ties of the council to assemble the; not « x «»gu»shed in the ancient do-
Legislati.ro, and that “ the summons n ‘ inion - , ln u skctchin S 30 "\ uch ot
came from Lord North.” It was re-. lhe nat,onal charatler ot the Vir & m
I
—.—v ...^ same source,! .... . , - .
hat every member of the House ot, shal hav £ OCLas,on 1 to a PP‘> , tbc
largesses should repair to Williains-! mark ot Hamc ’ and reason 1 bd,eve ’
ans, as belongs to my
months have seen the rise and termi
nation of this fourth Punic war.
Accustomed to the devotedness and
courage of my armies, I must never
theless, under these circumstances,
acknowledge the particular proofs of
affection which my soldiers of Ger
many have given me.
“The genius ot France conducted
the English army-—it has terminated
its projects in the pestilential marsh
es oi Walcheren. In that important
period, I remained 400 leagues dis
tant, certain of the new glory which
my people would acquire, and of tho
grand character they would display.
My hopes have not been deceived-!—
commended from the
thti
Burgesses should repair............. . .......
, , 1 ,, to be satisfied ot its lus.ice
burg “prepared as an American. J
t his intimation has been construed
to mean, that they should assemble
in arms and clad in uniform. Whe
ther this admonition was obeyed, I
tin not prepared to assert, but it will
tppt-ar in the sequel that they did
convene with a truly American spi-
(Further extracts will be given in
our neX t.J
ifc’OR.EIUJN
London, December 1.
Wc announced, on Saturday, the
arrival of the lion. Mr. Erskuie,
while this is performing the miracu- t h at the British had factories all o- rit - 1 h av « heard verbally, hut froinj lrom Amt . ricat in lh ' e At * ncanc tn ’
lous box is hung over the sick ; should
his efforts fail in restoring the pati
ent, he is carried to the margin of
the river in view of the Buttaloi
heads, where stones are heated and
a place erected over them to lay the
diseased ; he is then covered with
Buffaloe skins or blankets, Sc a steam
created bv throwing water on the hot
stones, a violent perspiration is soon
ver the country, and had impelledj authorit y which docs not warrant my
them to cut ott Mr. Manuel Lisa’s ' 1 * U *
party cne of the survivors of the
name ot Coulter, who had accompa
nied Lewis and Clark, says that he
m company ^with another, was fired
on by tlie-se Indians, that his compa
nion (who made resistance) was kil
led, his canoe, clothing, lurs, traps
and arms taken from him, and when
produced, in which state he is thrown expecting to receive the late of his
into the river ; this is their last tri- comrade he was ordered to run off as
al, which if not efficacious, the tor
mentors cease, and the wretched be
ing is left to his late.
'Flic women are rather handsome
than other .v ise, they are treated in
the same manner as among the other!
tribes, all the labours ol the field,
preparing loud, dressing skins lx fur.
making clothes for their brutal mas
ters tall to their lot; they buy theii
wives and consider them as beasts
of burden : the men occupy their
time in hunting, smoking, and tin
care ot their horses. Tho compam
left a small,bout with goods to ex
<;hangc lor horses with these people.
On ihe 14th of September, wc lefi}eompanion ; having
the llces for the Mandan villages, ha parkure of tiie canny
\ mg a succession ol charming wca
tiler ; 1 went on shore in severa
places; the only appearance of fer mine
tility is confined to the low groumb
along the hanks of the river ; on the
nil.* which in many jjl tics approaci.
the tlmre, I observed in several pia-
_ c. s the remains of volcanic mutter-—
™|a mice is touml in abundance, gene
m. j ol a blown mid purple color.—
At wilt hall v, ay he'v.cen ’.bit Meet
last as possible, which he codialiv
comp i d with...observingone of their
young men following at full speed
armed with a spear, lie pushed on to
some distance endeavoring to save
ms hlc—in a few minutes the savage
was near enough to pitch his spear,
which lie poisoned, aud threw with
such violence as to break the handle
and miss the object. Coulter be
came the assailant, turned oil the In
dian and put him to death with the
broken spear; naked and tired lu
crept to a river where he hid in a
Beaver’s dam trom the band who hau
followed to revenge the death ot then
ohsc. - rd the dc-
, lie tele the river
and came to the Gross Ventre,
tribe ot the Mandans, a joutnev oi
lays, without even twoceasoto
to protect him trom the pricklv pear,
which cover d the country, subsist
mg on such beriers a, Frovideua
threw in his wav.
On our return to the Rce village
we lound that the Souex had kmei
some ot their people, which they uii
accountably blamed us for—uni be
hazarding the statement here, that
some were armed with rifles and in
hunting shirts, and that others were
not. This precaution, if it was real
ly taken, is said to have been intend
ed to guard against the seizure, and
transportation ol some of the con
spicuous members of that illustrious
body. But there is no evidence be
lore me that the governor meditated
such a project. Be this as it may
the General Assembly convened on
Fhursday the 1st of June, and the
Governor addressed them in aspeech.
“ Vv ith this speech commenced a
political correspondence, between the
Governor and the House of Burges
es, which notwithstanding itscxireinc
length, I shall give entire. Indepen
dent of its great importance from o
tiler considerations, it has been pre-
termitted bv all preceding historians.
Taking this correspondence in
an abstract point of view, it contains
no weak or inelegant exposition ol
the political privileges of mankind in
general ; and taken in a practical
poim. of view, by lar the most close
mil animated examination, and bv
•ar the most clear and forcible defence
if the rights of what was then term*
J British America, tiiat I have ever
•ad an opportunity of perusing. Th<
ounuest arguments are here clothed
u a language the most chaste and
dimple.
“ There has not reached us, from
antiquity, amongst the various strug
gles for libei ty ui the Republics of
ejivece and Italy, uuy documents Roads.
gate, which sailed from Hampton
Roads on the 29tfi October. Dis
patches from the British Minister,
Mr. Jackson, were received by this
conveyance, but their contents have
not transpired; nor is it liiteiy that
my thing important can be received
from that quarter till after the meet
ing of Congress. Mr. Jackson has
been uniformly treattd with attention
and civility by the officers ol die A-
mencan government.
YY r e mentioned some time ago,
that several inen had deserted from
tile Atricanc after she reached Hamp
ton Roads with Mr. Jackson. YV4
understand that all attempts to reco
ver the men have proved ineffectual.
In consequence of tnis affair the offi
cers had but little communication!
with tile shore. Captain Kagget dm
not go on shore during the 2 mouths
that the frigate lay in the roads.
It was rumored at Hamburgh tha
Napoleon intended to be crovvneu
Emperor of Germany, having carri
ed away from Vienna as a preliuu
nary srep, all the archives relating
to the German empire.
December 11.
H is Excellency Mirza Abdallah
tlassan, tiie ambassador trom tile
court ot Persia, arrived in town ves-
erd.iy se’night; a partol his Excel-
subject, we I owe particular thanks to the citi
zens of the departments of the Pus
dc Calais and the North. French
men ! every one that shall oppose?
you, shall be conquered and reduced
to submission. Your grandeur shall
be increased by the hatred of your 1
enemies. You have before you long
years of glory and prosperity.—Ydu
have the force & energy of the Her
cules of the Antients.
“ I have united Tuscany to the?
Empire. The Tuscan* were worthy
of it by the mildness of their charac
ter, by the attachment their ancestoA
have always shewn us, and by tifc
services they have rendered to Ei*
ropean civilization.
“ History pointed out to me - the
couduct I ou 0 ht to pursue towards
Rome ; the Popes become sovereigns
ot a part ot Italy, have constantly
shewn themselves enemies to every
preponderating power in the Penin
sula—they have employed thejr spi
ritual power to injure it. It was
then demonstrated to me that the spi
ritual influence exercised in iny stages
by a foreign sovereign, was'contrary
to the independence of France, io
the dignity and safety of my throne.
However, as I acknowledge the ne
cessity of the spiritual influence of
the descendants of the first of f,he
pastors, I could not conciliate these
grand i.tnr sts by our annulling the
donative oi the French emperors, my
predecessors, and by uniting the Ro
man states to France.
“ By the treaty of Vienna, all the
kings and sovereigns my allies, who
have given me so manv promises of
the constancy of their friendship, have
acquired and shall acquire fresh in
crease of territory.
The Illyrian Provinces stretch tho
frontiers of rtnv on*rw I<’ t f ic
, c . , tiers ot my great Empire to
0,1 Sunda - V “ Contiguous to the Empire oi
■ U S‘ U * I Constantinople, I shall find mvseli
A flag of truce was seen off Do- j n a situation to watch over the first
ver on Saturday evening, but on ac-.i„ tcr e s ts of my commerce in the Me-
rount ol the unfavorable state cn the.diterranean, of the Adriatic, and the
? m5 l ke , Dov * r 'Levant. I will protect the Porte,if
Sik nas boarded to the.the Porte withdraw herself from tfcc