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.nnJn-t Veins' thus transferred to ;n mstrununts by which it iseffected, ml thereby rendered punishable, & then-tort- rcBtric table, in its means, 11 not immediately in its origin. Tin- taxes was six times the first amount. 1 inst. and contain very' lavorable re- K. itig can do no wrong in himself, but hi- may through his advisers—He is not cognizable in his own person but in those of his guardians—his coun sellors, his ministers. Now, as very little can he done without agents and assistants, and advice, so very little can | ossibly be done which the con- •titutiota cannot reach, whilst in pos session of this ministerial responsi bility. The constitution requires nothing but to know the adviser, and to see the influence. It is a necessary deduction from this principle, that all advice given to the king, .should be w-ithin the reach of Parliament, and that the constitution should not be defrauded oi ministerial responsibility by not knowing where to go for it. The responsibility might as well not ex- ht, as not to be w ithin the- rt-ach of the country. To what end would the H ouse have the right of punish ing had advisers, if it had no means of ascertaining who those advisers were—if the crown could interpose its prerogative to shield or shelter them ? In truth, however it is not the direct opposition of the crown, which is most to he feared upon this head. What is most to he dreaded is the secret efeeping, the back stairs crowd of men, the crawling in of a favorite or party of favorites, who, stealing to the royal tar, may pom- in their deadly influence, and corrupt it entirely to themselves. The Parliament ami the country, and even the ministry, seeing its ef fects, and not understanding its ori gin, are in amaze.—The Parliament call on the ministers-—the ministers, perhaps, proclaim their innocence, aful like the father of this Lord Chat ham, acknowledge that there is power behind the crown which they cannot withstand...which alternately ad v ances them or pulls them back...al ternate lv flows with them as a favoring] tide, & secretly works against them as an under current. What are the Parliament and the constitution to do, tinder these circumstances ? It is true, that by the principles of the constitution, they may impute even this work to ministers ; but can they do it by the principles of fairness and of common sense ? Can they in fairness impute to ministers, what they know does not originate in mi ttisters ? Can they, in common sense, punish ministers, where the ministers themselves are one of the' parties ag grieved ? Can they in any reason hold those as responsible, whom they set* so totally without control ? Isa legal or constitutional fiction ever thus pressed into a practical hard ship?—The common sense of man kind, & all the sentiments of fair-play and fellow-feeling, are against it— What then is the nccssarv conse quence ? Why, that the effect of this secret agency—this closet ad vice—this attempt at favoritism - th is privy dealing—would tend to! deprive the constitution of its first principle and its best security—the ministerial responsibility—and to leave the Throne uncontrolled, ministers avoiding the responsibility as not having advised the obnoxious measures, aud those who advised them avoidiug all account by not being seen, and there being no con stitutional way of reaching them. In 10 years - - four times In 1 taxes had doubled. Direct taxes since 1793 had been carried to nine times the rate of that period! The military waggon train amoun ted to 6000 men and 6000 horses. The expedition to Walcheren, which by the secret instructions contemplated' the capture of Ant werp by siege or coup de main, what is truly admirable* it was undertaken without t-Ven a'plan of Antwerp, or oi the-additional works at Flushing. The British .appear to be about on a parrallel with the Portuguese and Spaniards, in military knowledge. C Aurora.) FOREIGN. Trade is out of the question here thcr of every kind and in every shape, just now, and God knows when we with an aid of capital, and perhaps a shall sec it on gain The English papers received by recent arrivals, furnish a variety of minute particulars which illustrate the actual condition of things in a ve ry striking manner. Mr. Huskis- son in the house of commons, on 1st March, stated the following facts: The expenditure of 1809. was, /'4Q,500,000 The taxes to meet it - 19,000,000 Deficient - • - 21,500,000 or - Si 07,5000,000 At the commencement of the war the extraordinary expenditures over and above former cxpcnces, and interest of public debt, amounted to .£20,009,001 1 n 1806, it increased to ’ 32,900,000 In 1809, - - 47,000,00G l'he following is the proportion of the cm rrase and progress of the economical measures of that most stupendous fabric ot human wisdom, the B: itisli government. Amount of taxation hi 17«* 17‘J2 lbJl > 60 J Phu £io ooo.ooo 10 IKK) OOO 31,000, (HX 00,000,000 years the increase of ’ New-York, May 16. The British Packet Pi •incess A melia, Captain Moorsoon, arrived at this port'yesterday afternoon in thirty five days from Falmouth, by way of Halifax, nine days from the latter port with the March mail, which was made up at the general post-office on the 30th of March, from which the editors of the Mer cantile Advertiser have copied the most interesting articles. Indeed the papers are principally filled with debates in the Imperial Parliament on subjects wholly uninteresting to an American reader, and with de tails of the journey of the German Archduchess from Vienna to Paris. One circumstance has occasioned considerable sensation in England —Sir Frances Burdett has been committed to the Tower for pub lishing a letter to his constituents in Cobbett’s Register, under his own name, in which he denies the power ol the House of Commons to impri son the people of England. The United States frigate John Adams sailed from Cowes for France on the 26th of March, with des patches from Mr. Pinknev. from Londonpapers to April 6!h,re ceived at the Office of the Mercan tile Advertiser by the British pack et. London, March 26. The despatches from Mr. Pink ney to the American government were, we understand, sent from town on Saturday last to the American frigate John Adams, lying at Cow es. They were taken by Lieutenant Elliot of that ship, which was to pro ceed to obtain the dispatches from General Armstrong. It is not, how ever improbable that Gen. Arm strong will demand passports, & re turn himself to America in the John Adams, as the French Government has recently adopted measures so hos tile to the American government that it would lose all respect in the eyes of mankind if it were to submit to them.—Private letters, from Pa ris, indeed, dated the 18th inst. state, that General Armstrong had actual ly demanded passports, as the French government had issued an order for the seizure and sale of American vessels and property. Intelligence of the same nature, it is said, has been received by Mr. Pinkney and by our ministers. The conduct of Bonaparte towards America has been so strange, capricious and im politic, that such an order might na turally be expected from him ; and if so, we trust it will dispose the A- ipericun government to be more sensible of the w isdom of being up on good terms with the only power that can guard their commercial in terests, and enable them to support their independence. The Court of Denmark, it is said, has seized and ordered for sale all A- merican vessels in its ports, and di rected the proceeds to be paid into the royal treasury. March 28.—-The following letter has been received from Holland, but we are by no means disposed to pledge ourselves for the truth of its contents « “ Banks oj ths Scheldt, March 22. All matters of apprehended differ ence between the courts of Russia and France are finally and amicably ad justed, So that there is not the smal lest chance of a disagreement between these two powers. “ Pacific proposals have been madt or will be immediately commenced, to Great Britain by France, upon tht iccasnm ot the august matrimonial tlliancc between France and Aus tria.” Man Cl——We yesterday receiv ed some more Portuguese papers— they are ot so late a date as the 18th presentations of the state of the ar mies in Spain and Portugal. Th. British head quarters continued a Vizcn on the 15th, w hen an expec tation appeared to be entertained that a battle would very shortly take place. A harrassing warfare, the best which the Spaniards could wage, ap pears to be maintained all over the Pininsula. The French were re pulsed in an attack upon Astorga It was reported that marshal Victor (Duke ofBclluno) had fallen inano ther affair; but neither date nor place is mentioned. Letters from Cadiz mention, that the French have ordered an enroll ment to take place immediately in Xcres, Port St. Marv, San Lucar, Rota, and the adjacent towns, of all men capable of bearing arms, who are to be ready at a moment’s notice. It is added, that in consequence of this order, 1500 young men belonging to the tow* of Xeres fled from it, and went to the Sierra of Ronda, to join the armed Patriots, who arc constant ly cutting off supplies destined for the enemy’s camp. Several sail of the line are assem- ledat Yarmouth, and are to be joined by a fleet of stransports, with troops, destined upon a secret expe dition. April 5. Wc yesterday received additional sets ot foreign papers, but their con tents are unimportant. Their princi pal features continue to be the details ot the journey of the new Empress of France. At Strasburg, where she arrived on the 23d, she every where shewed hcrselt to the people, and is stated to have been much admired ; aud on the following morningshe pro ceeded on her journey to Compeigne, at which city (says Berthier) she was very anxious to arrive. At that place she was received by Bonaparte ; and t>n the 30th they were to reach Si. Cloud ; and the 31st was the day appointed for the formal solemn zation of the Imperial nuptials. This event, our readers already know, was announced by a general firing along the coast a few days since. Bv a neutral vessel arrived at Harwich, we learn that great re joicings have also taken place in Holland on the same occasion, the oppressed people of that country indulging in the fend hope that the event may lead to a general peace. April. 6 This day arrived a Mail from Ca diz & one from Lisbon, brought to Falmouth by the Princess Mary pack et, in twelve days from the former port The Portuguese papers are princi pally occupied with idle rumours from Spain, detailed with their usual gravity, altogther unworthy of no tice. The proceedings of the House of Commons' last night, on Sir Francis Burdctt’s case, cannot fail to be read with considerable interest by persons of evejy description, whatever may be their political opinions. At the: early hour of ten o’clock yesterday morning at the avenues to the House were blocked up by crowds of people, eager for admission. On the doors being opened all the usual hour, the gallery was instantly crowd ed, almost to suffocation. The press was the most excessive we have ever witnessed, but we are happy to add that no accident happened. The lob- bres remained crowded during the whole of the night. An extraordinary number of con stables were on duty to preserve or der ; and if we are rightly informed, the Horse guards had received or ders to hold themselves in readiness to be called out in case of any neces sity. The debate lasted till past seven o’clock this morning. In the course of the debate Lord Folkstone con cluded a speech in opposition to the Resolutions, by moving that the House do proceed to the other or ders of the day. After a long, and in some respects a very animated discussion, this motion was negativ ed, on a vote of 271 to 80. The Resolutions ikere then adopted ; af ter which, sir Robert Salisbury mov ed, “ That Sir Francis Burdett be committed to the Tower.” Upon this motion Mr. Sheridan moved, as *n amendmet, “ That the House do now adjourn,” but,on a division, the amendment was lost and the motion for the commitment was carried, the umbers being 190 to 152. I Sir Francis, who was at his House times exported, which ought to be in Piccadilly, was immediately in-prohibited if practicable. 1 m.ie formed of the decision by his bro-jknown, and I believe it not uncon - ther, Mr. Jones Burdett, who had been in the gallery during the whole of the debate. The sergeant at Arms arrived at Piccadilly with the Speaker’s warrant nearly at the same time with the Baronet’s brother, an !, proceeding to the Tower, after Sir mon, that quantities of hides and bark have been exported to England, and the leather made from these hides imported and used in this coin - try. The manufacture of leather in the middle states is far in advance, beyond the northern or southern Francis had taken leave of his fami-istates. A heavy duty on green or lv, he and his brother left the housejslattghtered hides, if constitutional, with the Sergeant at Arms. |and a small duty, say one cent pi r ]lb. on the exportation of foreign Rotterdam, march 26. jhides—a heavy impost duty on lea- a regular footing a- bounty on improvements, made pub lic, would have a tendency to encou rage the manufacture of leatht..-.— Also a law appointing inspectors of slaughter hides, to guard against the AMSTERDAM, MARCH 27. At Tonningen I believe it must!: be very bad; 13 American shipslgreat injury they now in many places have oflate arrived here again, and bv the last Danish decree they are not even allowed to transport the goods from there to Altona. In the Prussian dominons vigorous men sures are likewise taken against the import, and it seems that Russia will likewise be very sharp in regard to the vessels coming there, so that the navigation to the north and to the Baltic will this year probablv be sub ject to vast dangers and difficulties. It is to be hoped that things may soon take a more favorable turn, for as it is now situated, it is almost im possible to undertake any thing. DOMESTIC. Extract of a letter from William Edwards of Northampton, to the Postmaster at that place, dated November 29th, 1809. “ Having been regularly bred to the business of tanning, and this hav ing been my sole occupation for twenty-five years, I have been led to reflect with much regret to the gene ral inferiority of American leather, compared with most European, and particularly English manufactured. A want of capital has been the great cause of the depressed state of the manufacture. The hide in its natu ral state is a mass of fibres ; the in terstices between the fibres is filled with a fleshy substance, to expel sustain by the carelessness or wan tonness of the butchers in hacking and cutting them. In the City of New-York, there is a loss from this source of twenty per cent at leas., without a particle of gain. Also a law appointing inspectors of leather, to prevent tanners troin using an im proper quantity of lime in the pro- ces, and offering their leather in mar ket, when only partially tanm d, would be v cry useful. The tanners in bos ton and its neighbourhood practice this method, much to the injury of the article, and in that way to the public. The same hide well manu factured, will assuredly be worth double to the consumer than if poor ly manufactured. Yet mankind are. \ so much the creatures of habit, md surh the nature of the business, the difference will not be readily disco- . vered by a superficial observer. One] third of the hides tanned in the U- nited States are imported hides.' These come from the Spanish colo-., nies almost wholly. Hides in Eng-, land are uniformly higher than in this country—4s. 6d. per stone is the,, least price I have seen stated, that is something more than seven cents per pound.—Their bark in England cost more than their hides. My slaugh ter hides cost me five and a half cents per pound, and my bark costs me one thirteenth as much as the hide. Leather would be an important artl- I these without injuring the fibres, and cle of exportation even to England, then to fill the vacaum completely if it could be admitted there by pay- and entirely with what the chymistsjing no more dutv than their manu. call Tannin, contained in bark, is theifactured articles pay in this country. whole art of tanning. To do this ef- The manufacture of leather is by no fectually, years of time is necessary, and repeated applications of fresh bark to the hide at proper periods, The establishment which I have made in this county, will receive six teen thousand full grown hides, am requires a capital of one hundred thousand dollars. We have three tanneries, for the conveniency of col lecting bark, rather than do all our business at one place, which would necessarily soon produce a scarcity of bark, we use such a quantity— say one cord to six hides ; we have six hundred and seventy two vats, three bark mills which grind our bark by water, between two stones as corn is ground.—We have the same number of hide mills tvhich go by water for softening foreign hides, taking off the hair and working the hides. Also, three rolling machines, which also go by water. These pro duce a very advantageous effect in perfectly extending and consolidat ing the soal leather after it is tanned, & supersedes the necessity of the shoe makers hammering the leather; saves entirely the labor and waste attend ing that part of the shoemaker’s bu siness, and gives the leather a close ness of texture by far beyond ham mering or any other plan now prac tised- Also I have found much ad vantage by applying heat, by means of a copper cylinder, adapted to the purpose, passing through vats, we call leeches, in which we make the last effort to extract the Tannin from the bark, after the bark with a de coction, has been for from thirtv to ninety dajs applied to the hide. Most of the above methods I have originated, and from long experience and the success attending them has abundantly equalled my expectations. Much saving of labor and hark is gained by these improvements, as must be obvious to any person wh has a sligth knowledge either prac tical or theoretical of business. Our forests abound with bark: Our beeves afford many hides, and large quantities are imported from the Spanish dominions, part of which means completed when it goes from the hands of the tanner. The curri er, the shoemaker, sadler, harness- maker and several other tradesmen fit it for various uses after the tan ner has performed his operation.”. From the N.T. Commercial Advertiser. TO THE EDITORS. Gentlemen—The experiments on sub-marine explosion about to be made bv the government of the U- nited States, appear to me to be of such very great importance to the happiness, security and independence of this country, that I hope they will not be set about till after the matu- rest deliberation, and then prosecu ted with a care and atention equal to to the immense consequences tlutf will probably result from them. Mr. Fulton, with a liberality and patriotism worthy of imitation, has made this new mode of maritime de fence as public as possible ; and it is becoming in his fellow citizens to respect him and to investigate his system with the same generous cam dor he had it promulged. I have read and studied his “torpedo war.” On sub marine explosion I have had , conversation w ith some of our navy officers, (men of respectable princi ples & information) and they confess that it is repugnant to the sentipjents of all seamen ; the part of the system depending on boat attacks they seem to think the most likely to "fail.—- What,” say they, “ can torpedo boats do in a fresh gale,, or heavy- rain ? and in a calm and dark nigh* we can send our borts to look out; and have night-glasses, which ena ble us to discover them before thev could discover us ?” 1 ° r ‘ Fulton we are indebted for tile knowledge of the fact, that gun powder can be ignited under water at any accessible depth. This is a new and most important discovery. An experienced and able officer (capt. Talbot) has told me, that at j Rhode Island, in the revolutionary war, the destruction of some British are manufactured and part are rc-ex-.ships was meditated ; but that-all the poited. Slaughter hides arc some- preparatory experiments to fire gun-