Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

VOL. I. rrnr.isHF.n by ©baton grant/.and* (vniNTT.R fo THE STATE,) ON JT.F- I'EIUOJjf STREET, OPPOSITE TK J NORTH END OF THE STATE-HOUSE. TERMS.,....THREE DOLLARS PER AN NUM, OWE HALF TO BE PAID IN AD VANCE. , v . ADVERTISEMENTS WlfL BE THANK FULLY RECEIVED, AND PUBLISHED AT THE CUSTOMARY PRICES. POLITIC AIL, still carried on through its interven- ion. In 1801, one hundred vessels were '•employed in that commerce. *ncl goods to the aipouLof 1,004,6JO dollars were exported from this de pot. What more incontestably tlis plays the wretched government, bv which these people have been ground down and the necessity of some im portant innovation ? Every thing was subjected to the gripe of a. most odious monopoly—the merchants of Spain were permitted by law, to he the only usufructuaries of this lucra tive commerce—and ** the merchan dize from the metropolis arrived so overcharged with duties and essen ces, and the colonies of other na tions could furnish* the same articles at such inferior prices, that a profit lie mqnev 'within their respective remained to the contraband trader jurisdictions—but without his con From the Richmond Enquirer. SOUTH AMERICA. W'\ are led to pursue this subject to a greater length than we intend ed, from the general interest excited, and because so few of our Editors have struck ©nthe right track. For the strte and resources of this coup- try, they' appeal to Robertson and. c- ven to Mr-.e—rtheV seem at a loss where u) lorA Cor information—-but the latest arid most' authentic authori ty on this subject is Depons, in .“ A voyage to the Eastern part of Terra, Valencia is in the interior, about Firtna or the Spanish main in Southjhtilf a league to the west of the Lake America, dunny-t He yeRr *.<1801,1802, 1803, and 1804 &c. £<c.” He styles himself t'cr:u,i. at at Cnrruccas- which induced him to defy the fiscal laws and all their agents.” This port, the best in all Terrra Firma, is the deposite of all the Eastern part of the province of Venezuela—rthe whole population is about 7500. agent of the French go- -and was once mi' . r the auspices of Le Clere, when vie. general was at St. I)o- ur, 1801, at the head of the unforuiuare Ex petition to that agi tated Island. From Le Clere he received fi 1000, the most earnest exhortations to continue his labours, and tile assurances that he would in form the minister of the Interior ol his designs, 1 he results of his re searches have since been submitted to the world in 3 Volumes, which have been translated into English, accompanied with an excellent map of the c main-generalship of Carac- cas—I) ports is however to be read, cum g ratio salts, with some particle of allowance—“ from the strong dis position, say the Edingburgh Re viewers, to flatter tl;e Spanish go vernment with which-he evidently cet out ” Tin population of the City of Ca- raccas has been underfated in our public prints. This town is the Ca pitol, not only of the province of Ve MILLEPGEVtLLE, WEDNESDAY,' JUI.Y 25, i.irtacai,... 1 ., in as mfaa mans; Guiana, Maracaibo,, and the lisle of Margaretta have, each thfcu own Governors, who fiave the satin power in civil affairs as the Gover nor of C»racc.is has in his own dis trict. The term of Captain gencralftfiose silly .tricks which were exhfc is for 7 year© ; and their’s 5 years, bited last year.at what #'* called a The aluketnpx.Mzn almost eVerr town Meeting ; but which was ? the union of thfrpiUiple j to shew tin w<J are ready and witling to suppov the government of our choice wit! Our lives and fortunes ; not with, thing submitted ta their jurisdiction and ceiisure-j not only the adminis tration of justice incases of appeal; but even the cognizance of appeals from the sentences of the ecclesiasti cal tribunal. The Intcndant, or comptroller, is supreme in financial matters ; he is in office for five years; under the title of his delegates, the governors of the piovinces administer the pub- currence, they cannot authorise any extraordinary expenditure. * of Valencia its population, 8,000 souls,* most of them Creoles. “E very tfthtg from' the country, shipped at Porto Cavyllo, goes through Valencia, as that which is destined for Laguira passes through Caraccas.” Boro is near the coast, to the West of Porto Cavello, about twen ty four leagues W. of caraccas— .its population 10,000. Qumana, in the government of Cu- mana is near a quarter of a league The Cuhitdcs are a municipal cor poration——they are compared to the municipalities established by the constituent assembly, tlio’ .without a mayor. Their Alcades correspond with the municipal officers ; the re-, gidors form the deliberative body ; a Creoles- “ E Ui/zi^cxorjcsponds I© the: attorney inicrfur^of tfiVoF^tlfe commerce ; and a register. The Alcades are two in number, cho sen by the Regidors, every year ; the regidors by the people, their office is for life ; they vary in number accord ing to the size of the municipality, seldom more than 12, and never less than six We shall reserve for our next, the ecclesiastical and millitary establish ments, the education and manners from the sea and is the seat of of the people : and the probability of government for two provinces ; one atchieving their independence of all properly called Cumana, and the o- European nations : which we most ther Barcelona the population is ardently wish them to attain. These 24,000. Ncw-Rarcclpna has 14,000 souls ■ .—■half whites, half persons of color. It is the entrepot of an extensive contraband trade, with Trinidad, &c. The isle of Magaretta is eight leagues distant from Terra Firma, separated by an arm of the sea, and might, ac cording to Depont, under a system of free commerce, become the entre• pot of Cumana, Barcelona, Carraccas, Laguira and all the cities of the In terior—the whole population is are interesting subjects of apeculati on number without recommending to our readers the 2nd Art in the Edin burg Review for January, 1809, on the Emancipation of Spanish Ame rica ; the title “ Lettre aux Espag- nols Americans ” There is much in formation, cum grmio sails, neZU'.la, where it lies, but also of 14,000—5,500 whites, immense, extent of territory occupi- We shall pass over the cities of eil by the governments of Maracaibo, Maracaibo, on the left bank of the Varir.as, Guiana, Cummana and the Lake of the same name, six leagues island of*Margaretta ; since it is the from the sea Merida, Truxillo, seat as well $ the captain general shi; , whose civil and military autho rity ■ xteiicls over all the provinces, as of the royal audience, the inten dancy and of the consulate, whose limits are the same as those of tl\c captain gene’ll. It is erected in a Valley, about 2000 iaccs square, and 450 feet from the gate of Pastoral 1 on the north, to t|ie river Cluira, which bounds the cilv on the south. According to the Parish certificates of 1802, it con tains 31,234 souls ; but according to the remarks made on these returns by Depone, the re are from 41 to 44,000 persons. Nearly l-4ih of this po pulation are whites, a third slaves, a twentieth, the indians, and the Freed persons the rest. The town' of Laguira is on the seacoast -more frequented than eny other, but least deserving of ruch a preference-—from the expo sure of its harbour, the shallowness l| of its channel, and other causes This town has arisen upon the ruin of Caravalli da which was depopula ted in 1586, by the resolution of the people to abandon their habita tions rather than submit to the im positions of their governor. La Guira is the residence of very few merchants—the cargoes are depo sited here but the mercantile ar rangements are made at Caraccas. The Ordinary Gairicon of the place is a company detached fron\ the re giment of Caraccas—-The population ot the town is GOOD persons ol whom 8003 are in the gunboats, 711 lorm e garrison, forward with some measures io (Ui^ur Spanish brethren antk the other truth a most scandalous abuse of tb‘ public name And feelings. The approaching festival would be a favorable time tq propose* a ^volun teer subscription for the use of the general government, if the public miptl is but prepared for it. There is not a man \rt»o deserves the name of ah American citizen* who will not come forward, accord ing to his circunistances, contribute to the defence of his dearest rights. Such a measure would be produc tive of many advantages. It would give confidence to our government, and prove to the tyrannical govern ments of Europe, that we possess both virtue and ability to maintain our independence. It appears that Ferdinand the Se venth, like all who trust to British Friendships hie already had enough of that kind of fraternity. When the emissary front G. Britain lately wait ed upon him, instead of accompaying him to England, as the British ex pected, he not onjy delivered him in to the hands of the F rench, but ex pressed his desire of being adopted as the son of Napoleon. ■JgA-UJ”!- 1 gg! i feutral and friendly powers. For general information, therefore, it is iiftlered that this ’proclamation he (jbUishc d in handbills and posted up it the list fill nlaces. “10SF.PH DEL AS LI^MOSflAS, * maw Tin Tovar Ponte. _ CASIAN DE BES^RES Secretary A true copu from the original, BESARES. Assembled Hall of Caraccas, May 1st, 1810. Address, To the Inhahitans of Venezuela, written and puhfighttd by Mr. Francis Rivas Galindo, (a young gentleman, of fifteen years of age) son of’ Valentine Rivas, Esq. member of the Supreme Govern ing junta of Caracas. . Citizens of Ventztfela Tht: inhabitants of this metropo lis have just given *a new lustre to FOREIGN PltlLADE LPHIA, July 2. LATEST FROM ENGLAND. Press Office 1 o'clock. We have just received a complete We cannot, however, dosTthis 5? of L ° ndon P 3 ^™ 10 lh 1 c 23d °‘ May. Our view of them lias been ♦he garrison, or are stationed in the Guarda Costas or Gailies. Porto Cavello, an excellent Sea- .cstward, is indebted. iers- p r rt to lor its thes • -i: origin to the smug** ■’irrily shunned the more in t>ort.s, and. clandestinely di s their cargoes this poif A vast extent of contraband trade i 1 Varinas, and San Thomas, the capi tal of the province of guiana—A description of these cities, and o- ther minutice, would swell beyond the limits, which we have assigned to this sketch. Such is the population of the prin cipal cities the numbers and the productions of the Captain general ship itself, were sketched in our last. The government of this extensive country, was partly from the Spanish Court, and pardy municipal. The Viceroys and governors of the Pro vinces, the royol audienza, and the intendants or superintendants of the finances are of the first description. The municipal authorities, are the Cabildos, which, flow more immedi ately from the people. The former must necessarily cease (so far at least as respects their appointment) with their connexion with the mother country——the latter may go on as usual. The Council of Indies, in Spain, has a considerable influence over the officers stowing from the mother country. It has cognizance, by means of appeal,-of causes decided by the- audiences. The presentation to all important stations, civil and ecclesiastical, the police of tribunals, military establishment, finaces, com merce, fkc. have their source in this council. The Captain general, is the king’s viceroy, he is governor and presi dent of the audienza and of all the tribunals, except those which relate to the royal treasures and to com merce. He has complete control o- ver the whole military establishment. As captain general, he arranges the political relations between thecoloni- d governments of foreign powers md his own district. As GoVcr- .ior, his authority is circumscribed .o the -vrovinni ol Venezuela. Cu FROM THE AURORA. UNION OR SHAME. The period is now at hand when the friends of freedom and national liberty are about to commemorate the anniversary of American indepen dence. The greater part of those pa triots who brought about the revolu tion by their wisdom and valor, and finally established a government on pure republican principles, are no more. They have bequeathed to their children a valuable inheritance, and it remains for the present gen eration to preserve it inviolate, or be come like other nations abject slaves of a few ungovernable wills. It the duty as well as the interest of all descriptions of citizens, cordially to unite in support of the national rights, and to prove to the world that they arc and will continue to be indepen dent. That however desirous they may lie of living in peace, they are not afraid of war. Possessing all the resources of nature and art, combin ed with the energies of a free people who have actually experienced and know how to appreciate the inestima ble blessings ofiiberty ; the United very cursory, they however contain some important debates in the house of commons, on the subject of Sir Francis liurdett and parliamentary reform, and also the proceedings at a 1 meeting of the mayor, aldermen and livery men of the city of Loiidor called, on the rejection of the city petition by the house of commons. We shall lay them before our rea ders. Nothing later from Cadiz. Wellesley was retreating in Portu gal ; the French receiving reinforce ments : a battle daily expected an< the English making the necessary preparations (May 7,) to leave -Lis bon at a moment’s notice. A petition from Major Cartwright, was presented by Mr. Whitebrcad to the House of Commons, May 14, and rejected, 32 to 61, the language: being deemed disrespectful. Not a word of the death or indis position of George III. Translated for the Democratic Press. (COMMERCIAL.) PROCLAMATION The supreme Junta of thes provinces installed in the royal name of Fer dinand vii. Among the many important mat ters which occupy their constant at tention for the public wellare, and sincerely inclined to eneburage and States may bid defiance both to Greatjincrease Agriculture and Commerce -fie French wety repairing it, pud the patriotisil), that ha^. constant ly animated them. • A government al- oady unlawful has been deposed and thereupon a supreme authority es tablished, whereby we have begun to breathe the atmospRenc of Indeptn* dcnce ; but union alone can secure a durable happiness; shewing to the na tions of the ,whole universe, that the provinces of Venezuela, joined in one body form a respectable and mighty power and that its citizens, as a band of brothers, actuated by one and the same interest, cheerfully undergo a* ny sacrifice for the welfare of their country.—The adjacent province© if left to' themselves, would present indeed a body without a head, and distracted by factions might defeat the glorious revolution of Caraccas. conceive those inhabitants to be heartily convinced of this truth, and those of the metropolis, far from wishing the germ of division' to sprout have shewn their laudable ea gerness in making tp the supreme governing JurI?* their nath of alle giance, Fcttr not, therefore, friend ly citizens.. EetHRofVoif jtrin us jf i compact inviolable, that may dis own both ambition and tyranny.— Let us form a nation that may know bow to maintain the honor of the Spanish name, and command respect Abroad. All those that are of this opinion, are ourTriertds, and nevyk will be forsaken to the fury of their invaders, faithful to the same determination, all of us will act in concert. The razors shall be punished ; the patri ots called to public functions; and ourn-epresentatives never will bub- icribe to any treaty degrading to onr honqr. Let us then support each other with energy, and face any sa crifice whatever for the commmon cause, swearing to bury ourselves under the ruins of our country, be fore we submit to the least abridge ment of our Liberty. Caraccas, April the 20th, 1810. .Boston, June 28, 1810. FROM CADIZ. By the Arrival at Marblehead of the sch. Johanna, 45 days from Ca diz, we learn, that the French had taken a Fort near Cadiz (frhich had been garrisoned by the English,) with great slaughter; and wi h almost entii ^.^destruction to the garrison— —They have granted that the latter building a bridge, and it was expect- " ed the citv would not hold out one Britain and France.- At no period since the revolution,jbe considered free fo.* neutral and was oblivion of party distinctions friendly nations ; and for the present more necessary than at this moment,;:irrangement of neutral commerce ; and the fourth of July ought to prove|tfie tariff (Aruncel) of the 7th of that we really are “ all federalists and|October, eighteen hundred and eight, all republicans.” Being insulted and shall be observed with the reduction plundered by all the belligerents, however disproportionate in extent; the issue appears not to promise dis- crimmination, and it is absolutely ne cessary to be prepared for the worst. The wise policy of the government which had been devised with so much sagacity, and calculated to keep the resources of the country at home, has been in a great measure defeated by party spirit, and mercantile cupi dity. The revenue has Ireen materi ally injured, without deriving the ad vantage which three months more would have assured for the sacrifice. Aloney is necessary to give energy to the govemofeut id the ^event of a war. We ought, therefore, at this critical period umnhiidusly to come month. The Ertglish men' of war ind other armed vessels had drop ped down some distance below the city. Two vessels arrived the 4th of May with 9,000,000 dolls. The French have privateers out of St. Lu- car, and have captured 5 American vessels, one a ship of 300 tons, load- d with Tobacco. Algerine \essei© are cruifing between St. Mary’s and St. Vincents, and were reported to have captured several Portogucs ves sels. JD Q M lifST-I. € By the latest accounts from Spain, the siege of Cadiz was pressed with unuhating vigor. The English ships had left uieir first stations, and the French made constant approaches to the city.* Tilt French appeared to their of duties and modifications of (gang ing d measurements enjoyed at that time ; untill the royal consulate shall make the report of a regular list of valuations on produce exported ac cording to their kind quality and cir cumstances as then established with respect to the article of Indigo ; and thereupon shall be declared the fixed value of articles on exportation, which is to rcgdlate the duties to be rcceiv d on them ; this being the^expedi- ent best calculated to facilitate the operation of Commerce arid raising the same from jjiat languishing stall m which it is actually plunged. Ac- • uated by these objects, they have ;iven proper orders to the Board of view their present position not so Intendants, for opening the ports to much a post of military danger i s r