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c nsternation as France is now. Tin
Spanish .Monarch, Philip II. wh
nad a most insatiable thirst for con
quest and unlimited dominion, then
owned not only Spain, but also Por
tugal, the 7 United Dutch Provinces
cutely suuated i ranee ; .hat G«-n.
Armstrong advised all to leave the
country as soon as possible. We
have made the following extracts in
haste.
News from Constantinople aboutjthe Duchies of Burgundy and Milan
the last of March state, that there nearly all the West India Islands an<
are a number of British officers in thejtwo vast Empires of Mexico an(
army of the Grand Vizier, who are Peru, extending more than 6000 mile-
particularly odious to the Janissaries, in length, and containing immense
among whom many hateful distinc- mine# of silver. Also
tious have arisen, such as gave me[. j0 ldicrs and their military
to the revolution which broke out un
England cr G. Britain was the life street parallel to the bay about eigh kets>, by negfo women, according t.
and soul of the Confederacy that tv houses, which are pretty equally the Spanish fashion, intermixed wiui
Immbled Louis XIV. and wrested distributed, as there are considerable other more elegant articles of dress,
cm him the dominions he had con- spaces not built upon between the se- Considerable quantities of country
' uered. veral habitations, so that the town cotton have indeed during the last
has a very airy appearance. The o- summer been brought through the
ther two long streets are less popu-wilderness from Tennessee and
lous, one of them having but about XI corgi a, to the Spanish aid Ame-
lements on the waters of
Were a road opened
A SKETCH OF PENSACOLA.
Pensacoli, the capital of West Flo-' 60i t h e other about 70 dwcllingjrican setrlem
la, lies in the latitude ot about 30.houses.—The whole number of fa- the Mobile.
rida
deg;«
der the magnanimous Mustapba Bai-
ractar.
Thu piospects of the farmer in
some of the departments of France
are not very promising : storms,
tempests, rain, hail and floods, have
devastated during the whole month
<>! May the department of Upper
Garonne,spreading throughout seve
ral communes terror and dismay.
SEMLIN, May 11.
The 'l urks, who appear to dread
more and more a rupture with
France, instead of softening the yoke
they have imposed on the Christians
as would sev-tn natural, use them
with greater cruelty than ever. Bo
dies of Turks overrun the Greek vil
lages of Bosnia, plunder and com
mit every kind of excesses, which
increases the emigration of the
Greeks into Illvria.
were then ranked among the bravest i neari y yules S. East from the
and best in the world. American post of Fort Stoddart on
The prodigious Spanish fleet, cal-; tbe Mobile bv the road usually travel
led the Invincible Armada, was fitted|} cd i but probably not seventy miles
out by the Monarch for the conquest!' 11 a ( l ,rc ct line. It is situated *il-
of England, and appeared in thi lniost ia a wilderness.—The woods
British Channel, in the vear 178H,| consist entirely of the long leafed
having on board about 20,000 land|P ine * There are very few families
forces. There were, besides, a vastj' n whole ot the country between
number of flat bottomed vessels, pre dlc ba y Pensacola and the bay ol
~ ■ Mobile, and as to that part of West
a hall North, and in near- !ltt jjj cs - in Pensacola,probably amounts
100. All the buildings are
framed and painted, with
m the Spanish ‘he 10th degree of West longitude llo u i, out 300< All the buildings are
nilitary officersi f, om the city of Washington. It is ( ,f WOOi ^ f ra
Pensacola, as well as the greater part
of E. Florida, it may be considered
brick chimnies : and there is on the
opposite side of the bay a brick yard,
it which not only bricks but excel
lent paving tiles are made. The
houses are for the most part only one
story high, with piazzas ; a modeol
building certainly the most, eligible
in a southern climate.—'There are no
public buildings which merit peculiar
attention. A large capacious two
story house, formerly the residence
Florida, which lies N. and East of 0 f British governor, is now em
ployed as a barrack for the troops, ol
which there is usally, it is said, one-
in
from the former of those states, be
tween the Tombigby and Ai.t’.ama
rivers, and the navigation of the lat
er rendered secure from Indian de
predation ; it is probable that a valua
ble trade both in live stock and agri
cultural productions would take place
with the ELtvannu,through the ports
of Mobile and Pensacola, and the
greater part of such a road would
equally accommodate the citizens of
Kentucky, Virginia and Pennsylva
nia in their intercourse with New-
Orlcans.— The Spanish settlements
of Florida afford but little lor expor
tation from the towns of Mobile and
pared to transport into England an
army of 25,000 men, usemhled in the
Netherlands. This fleet (the Ar
mada) consisted of a hundred and
thirty ships, most of which were vast
ly large ; and when it was first disco
vered in the channel, it appeared W M.V ...... — .....
the form of a halfmoon, stretching at; road from Fort Stoddart, does not. h ouse which formerly received the There is a valuable sawmill, with
the distance ol seven miles front the]P ass a single permanent habitati-,chores of the king of England, now,two saws only, the property in part
extremity of one division to that of® 0, I here are indeed above the ianswers the purpose of a Catholicjuf governor Folca, an a branch of
another. At that time it could hanl-, bnc ^ or four cowpens, or houses L-hm-ch. They have a small, neat ro-lthe Escambia about 16 miles (Yoni
ly have been thought possible thatj near to which the great herdsmen| tunt j 0 f or p u Glic balls, and in the pub-JPensacola, and another belonging t6
Spain, so rich, so gigantic in power,, c °dcct their stock in the summer p IC rooms adjacent, as well as at j some the same proprietors has be
v , , __ Pensacola, and a little tar occasion-
as an uninhabited desert. 1 he roadh n complete regiment in the town, ally and a small quantity of lumber
from the American settlements o;i . in j another at the Barancas, at thejare perhaps the only articles which
the A.abama, which is likewise th^lentrance of the bay. A large ware-igo from thence* to the West Indies.
so insatiable in ambition, would in
season, but from which, on t-‘ rn > n Kjother houses in the town, is exhibiied;comj,!eted. The plank which is^en
VIENNA, May 16
The treaty concluded between our
court and Russia, relative to the ces
sion of 400,000 subjects, stipulated
by the treaty of Vienna, has been
published ht re. The line of clc-inar
kation between the two empires, now
passes by Hiuzdaieu/.e.
There has been formed a consi
derable entrepot of Russian com
merce at Pertyczow, consisting of
immense quantities of sugar and cof
fee, by way of the Black Sea. Tbit
produce has arrived there from O-
dessa, from which it has been
brought from the Levant, where the
merchants have no place to receive
it.
Borders of the Danube, May ID.—
Letters from Trieste state, that they
arc actively fortifying and furnishing
with artillery* all the ports on the
coast of Illvria, wherein Illyrian,
French, Italian and other vesse
will find protection when pressed by
an enemy of superior force. This
measure is very favorable to the na
vigation £< commerce of these coasts,
at least merchant vessels will be af
forded every facility to escape the
English cruizers, who often visit
these seas. Several transports la
den with artillery of large calibre
have sailed from Trieste forUmage,
Pola, Cittanova and other ports
others will follow them to furnish the
coast of Croatia with sufficient art'll
lerv.
Odessa, March 3.—An American
vessel has arrived here from Balti
more. This is the first time that the
American flag has appeared in the
Black Sea. The captain is the bear
er of a letter from our consul-gene
ral and charge d’affairs in America,
Mr. Daschkoff ; as we have now a
diplomatic agent accredited at the
United States, we hope that this mis
sion will produce the establishment
of very advantageous commercial re
lations between both countries.
Bayonne, May 18.—Letters of a
late date from Madrid announce the
different advantages gained over the
rebels in Murcia, by Gen. Sebastia-
ni, and of his entry into its capital.
He found therein fifty cannon and
considerable stores, which were de
stroyed. The Spaniards retired pre
cipitately towards Cat thagena. Their
numbers are few and are totally dis
couraged. General Frazer com
mands in place of general Blake, who
has gone to Carihagcna, from which
he is expected to go to Cadiz. Mar
quis Roiuana during holy week, at
tempted to raise a let y of the peo
ple, but failed. General Regnier
has taken, beat, and dispersed about
GOOO rebels. The capture of a con
voy ol 600 head of cattle, destined
i«>r Badajoz, has thrown that city in
to the greatest consternation.
A popular tumult is said to have
little more than two centuries, be re
duced to its present deplorable con
dition.
In the latter part of the 17lh cen
tury, Louis IV. of France, strove
hard and avowedly for universal em
pire, and it seemed for a while as
though all Christendom would be
foiced to bend to his yoke. He was
like the devouring wolf pursuing the
timid sheep. His conquests were
rapid and extensive Wherever he
turned his arms, his enemies fell or
fieri before him in dismay. Aftei
destroying a million, perhaps, of lives,
and laying waste whole countries, this
devouring wolf was drive I back to hi
den. He was fain like a suppliant
to sue for peace, and passed the re
mainder of his days in the gloom and
chagrin of disappointment.
Afterwards there was disclosed
another aim at universal empire
most formidable combination of
crowned heads which struck with a
panic the nations of Europe. It was
the famous Family Compact establish
ed in the year 1762 ; when the sever
al branches of the Bourbon Family,
namely, the Kings of France and
Spain and the King of the Two Si-
out their calves with the cows andjthat rage for excessive gaming, whichjtirely' of pine is generally sawed 13
other cattle in the field, they retire SQ frequently prevails where leisure) Ex-t long and 10 or 12 inches
. . ||. 1'* - • -«* VI ^ *• **“-*‘vo wide,
to their more permanent dwelling. an j a freedom from the pressure of,and every board (of which it is said
houses near their plantations on the business is not combined with a cul-;diat the two saws will sometimes cut
In whatever direction thcre-
rtver.
fore you approach Pensacola, you
cannot well avoid sleeping in the
woods one night at least, and you arc
also obliged to carry your provisions
for your supply in the day. The
country round Pensacola is remarka
bly poor. For the space of four or
five miles, it is a deep, loose, driving)
sand, which in dry weather it is very
laborious to travel over. Beyond
that, although it is entirely a pine
country, there are frequently consi
derable bodies of land, which, hav
ing a firm foundation, is no doubt ca
pable of being improved with the as
sistance of those immense herds ofj
cattle which the country is capable
of supporting. 'There arc many per
sons above the line who have from
500 to 1000 head ; and one person
residing in Pensacola, it is said, pos
sesses six or seveu thousand. Y'et
the whole seven thousand do not
probably manure one acre of land in
the year.—It is said that there arc-
some skirts of good land upon the
Escambia, near the American line :
but the Seminolee Indians have hi-
ven
ady
and
lias
tivated understanding and a relishj“f00 in 24 hours) sells at thirty s
for the pleasures of learning and olfcnts and a half. It finds a r
taste. Taverns for the entertainment sale at Pensacola, Vera Cruz
of strangers can scarcely be said to the Hdvannn. Some little life
exist in Pensacola. lately been,given to the nominal com-
Travellers after undergoing a mor-| n . ierce Fcmsacola, by the restric-
tifying scrutiny, are sometimes ad-| llons on ■‘American trade. Several
mitted as guests in private houses,| vcisc j s recently come to that
on the same terms as are usual ir.|l }0rt fro*n New-Orleans, for the pur-
professed houses of entertainment :|l ,ose procuring Spanish papers for
and there is one small house kept by| toe coast ot Africa, under the ex-
an American—the sign post of which P cctat ' on that slaves brought front
announces a tavern. Nothing can l ‘ KOCC to Baton Rouge will .readily
be procured for horses but Indian
corn, at a high price. Hay, fodder,
and straw are unknown, and the wri
ter of this is not certain that there is
even a stable in the town. The few
cilies, firmly leagued together to sup
port each other, both in defensive , ,
and offensive wars. 'The object of this fherto resisted any attempts to settle
■ * . ' if. ■ hh H#*rriirlr* tn*» nnn<*nf
league was to enlarge and perpetuate
the power of the Bourbons, and to
bring the surrounding nations to their
leet.—Seethe astonishing issue ! In
less than hall a century from the time
this family compact was made, the
Bourbons were stripped of all their
power and dignities, some of them
cut off by the hand of an executioner,
and the rest either imprisoned or ex
iled, and rendered the most wretched
of mortals.
There is now making another at
tempt at universal empire, more vast
The Perdido, the ancient bounda
ry of Louisiana, which the road cros
ses near the line, does not appear to
have any good bottom lands. The
town ot Pensacola is beautifully si
tuated on the North side of the bav
of that name—which as you stand on
the scite of the old fort at the back of
the town, has the appearance of a
crescent, with the town lying about
midway of the hollow. It is about 5
miles from the town to the opposite
side of the bay, and about six miles
to the apparent termination of the
crescent on the right, where the bay
and formidable than the foregoing“ catcm . uu M,c "gf*. 1 * W "T
ones ; but peradventure it may gjl^mmun.cates with thegulph of Mex-
brought to confusion at last. If Bo
naparte has greater power than anv
other mortal, yet there is a power a-
hove him—a power that perhaps may
suddenly crush him at the moment of
his highest exaltation. If he takes c-
ver so much policy, to give deep and
ico. Its extent to the West appears
to the eye nearly the same : but it
really makes a bend and stretches se
veral miles up into the country. This
bay forms a harbor at once safe,
commodious and delightful.
It is much to be regretted that the
lasting root to his family and relati-j town docs no * en j?y lbe benefit of
ons, if he divides amongst them 20 that commanding view oi the harbor
crowns and diadems, yet they may! wb \ cb w °uld have resulted liom its
soon fall like the family of the Bour-i bav * n 8 been laid out on a plan more
Irons, who Vainly thought that the, natlira ^ and judicious. Instead ol a
Family Compact had rendered their regular row of houses fronting the
power and glory perpetual. 'The b a >’» which would at once have been
Europeans are a brave and hardyi e ^ e S and y situated, and have given
race, and will not, like the Asiatics, 10 tbe itself a magnificent ap-
endure the yoke ol slavery for a very l P carance » ’ s or, ly the backs of the
longtime. * dots of the first street that are open
'The defeat of the Spanish Arma-|t° a v 'ew so captivating ; and there
da, by the English, in the reign ofi b 110 bn e ot buildings commanding
find their way into the territories of
the U. S.
As to manufactures, Pensacola
boast of none. 'There are in the
itown some house enrpenters and -•»
tailor or two. Whether there be any
other mechanics that are residents
of the place, the writer of
cows that are kept there appear to be
in a miserable condition, and there
is nothing near the town which they
seem to browse upon but the hard coun ‘ ,docs not know,
leaves of poor, stunted palmettos. P nnters »
There is no public market. In fact
there is no animal fi*od of which the
people of Pensacola have any regu
ar supply but beef. There are two
this ac-
here are no
potters, tinmen, copper-
watch-makers, hatters, or
: and probably r.o silver
smiths, black-smiths, or boot and
shoemakers. In luct the population
smiths,
saddlers
licensed butchers, one for the town, °* 5 be to ' v . n seen is to consist almost
entirely of the officers of govern
ment and soldiers, and ot such other
persons as either directly 01 indirect
ly find employment from the former
and are indispensably necessary to’
their comfortable existence. Should
the Floridas be ceded to the United
States, Pensacola can only be impor
tant as a military and naval station
lor the southern country,
The healthfulness of its situation
will always render it a place worthy
of the attention of government in
this point of view : and the same
circumstance may possible- at a dis
tant day recommend it as an eligible
scite lor a national university for this
bouthern section of the American
republic. Its freedom from marsh
influence, and the freshness and puri
ty of its sea air, render it both a
Queen Elizabeth, gave a death blow
to the giant power of Spain. Tho’ the
the only handsome prospect which the
situation of the town affords. None
broKcn out at Palma, in Majorca, a-j al ship8 , burnt several <
gainst me trench and Swiss pn«on-|j !spcr8Cl i t } le n . st . whi(
. ,s, which was only appeased by tlu with :i terrible storm, not
English Nav^was greatly inferiorj 0 * tbe streets are paved. All arc
both in number anti size, it boldlvat- incumbered with a deep sand. It is
fatiguing to walk them.
both in number anti size, it boldly at
tacked the Armada, captured sever-
others, and
Thtec of the street
are parallel
i hich meeting to the general course of the bay, and
r , .. -- - - —w...., not one half ofjare probably from 215 to 220 poles
pu suasions o t..e jisi.op and clergy.‘Hicrm returned to Spain, and a still lessjlong. Five other streets cross them
[proportion ofthe soldiers and seamen, jat right angles, and are from eighty
UNIV l.RSAE EMPIRE. {This terrible stroke to their navaljto ninety poles long. The breadth
lk tu ten the middle and end of the power the Spaniards never recover-of the widest streets is about DJ feet,
'A.ih Centurv, Spain was In-held by cd. In the reign of Queen Ann, in but some of them are not more than
the rest c» Europe, with as much the beginning oi the lt\h century,lhalf as wide. There are in the main
and the other for the troops. Thes
usually purchase their beeves in
droves, which are brought down from
the settlements on the Mobile, 'Tom
bigby and Alabama. It is the uni
form plan of the butchers to kill the
poorest first:—and as the remain
der are kept in woods, which affords
but a scanty supply of grass ; the
greater part of them are generally
poor enough before they are killed
to render the aid of French cooking
necessary to their furnishing accep
table dishes. Live hogs are like
wise occasionally driven down by the
American settlers on the 'Tombig
by, and some have even found their
way from the western part of the
state of Tennessee. As to veal and
mutton, they have none : and their
very scanty supply of vegetables . . v „
seems for the most part to dependr ealtll ‘ ul atul pleasant place of refci-
upon the lew that are occasionally lienee even in the hottest season of
dealt out to them front the coasting , tbe ) ear * The w inters are mild,
vessels which trade to this port. | * be weather is seldom more severe^ 1
The number of the stores, consi-| tban was about the middle of De
dering the size of the town, is con- cem herlast. The vegetation of green
siderable. Their stock in trade, ex-:P ca3e .— tben in blossont and even in
elusive of groceries, is generally, it|P od ’ in a small garden in the town,
is said laid in at New-Orleans. Thej was at lbat time suddenly checked
large mercantile house of Messrs.] 1 ^ tbe cold i a »d large cakes of iqt
' John Forbes and Co. which was for-! Wcre , SCe P * n tubs which had been
merly under the firm of Panton,
Lesslie and company, imports its
goods from Great Britain, and has
heretofore enjoyed a most extensive
and lucrative trade with the most
numerous Indian nations lying be
tween the Mississippi and the Atlan
tic ocean. The dwelling house of
the resident partner is the onlv hand
some building whose projector had
taste enough fully to avail himself
ofthe beautiful water prospect which
is afforded by the situation of Pensa
cola. It is a circumstance not a lit
tie gratifying to the friends of Ame
rican manufactures, that our com
mon home made cotton cloth has
found its way into many ofthe stores
of Pensacola, and has even been car
;icd about the streets lor sale in bas-
sunk in the ground for the purpose
ol collecting water. On the lGth
ot that month at nine at night, and
on the next day at nine in the morn-
ing the quicksilver in the thermo
meter stood at 38 and a half. It
had been 41 in the shade at two in
the afternoon, but on being hung in
the sun, it presently rose to 85. Pi-
very one, however, was wiapped ia
warm greatcoats.
We shall conclude this sketch
v. ith a statement ot the ordinary price
°f provisions, bcc. at Pensacola, as
given by a house-keeper in that place.
Beef 8 cents per lb.
Pork, fresh, 12 1-2—salt nork
19 3-4.
Fowls, from 6 to 12 dcllars r r
dozen.