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ttti'hj'i aui to independence. Then, di
vided, miserable and weak, we sh ill be
exposed to the pelting of that pitiless
•tonn, which he will soon cause to burst
iu thunder, on our devoted heads, if
this scheme Ahull f .il, his next hope is,
that the people, harrassed hy t!ie war,
rnuy elian^e the administration, and lies*
tow the powers of government, on men
whom ho supposes to he more friendly to
his views. In this hope too he will find
himself deceived! there is no party in
America, which would dare to surrender
to G. Britiun the right to regulate our
trade and to impress even British seamen
from our ships.
Yes, my countrymen, rest assured that
tlio union will be preserved, nml that
our rights will he mauliuncd. 'I'he pen-
pi -of America are well aware of the glori
ous destinies which await their country.
They look forward to that time, which
some here assembled will live to see,
when 5o millions of people in full enjoy
ment of I re.loin mid abundance, w ill occu
py the fruitful plains and mountains ami
va|ey* which extend from the Atlantic to
the head waters of the Missouri—from
the gulf of St Lawrence to the mouth of
the. Mississippi: a people bound together
Ho less by interest than affection. Even
then we shall bo rapidly advancing in
wealth and strength, i'he nations of Eu
rope, exhausted by the calamities which
ihe ambition of Princes never fails to bring
on their subjects, w ill respect our rights,
bcanse (hey w ill fear our power. Tuc <ia
vy of the 17. States will he the guardian
of our repose, and the future Decaturs,
Hulls, Jones'* Lawrences & Bainbridges,
of A merica, will stand centinels over the
rights a ill honor of their country.
The ministers of G. Britan have not
shut their eyes upon this splendid pros
pect. They see a new power rising in
tjtii western world, whose commerce and
whose navy if the States remain United
irrevocably destined to surpass their own.
AVliat then is the course of policy which
0. B. may be expected to pursue ? The
question is already answered. She lias
endeavored to ruin our tmde, and to de-
atroy our union.—-Of these objects rest as
sured, she w ill never lose 'sight. If hy
her machinations in peace or policy in
war, she cun divide the people of Ameri
ca, her object is attained. The victims
q’f faction at home are the predestinated
prey of foreign power. If seduced by the
»pifit of party, we forget the precept of
Washington, and cease to ho one people,
the sun of American glory, just rising in
beauty and splendor above the horizon,
will sink to rise no more.
Fellow citizens ! This is a great cri
sis: important not only to us, but to the
world.—-The war in which we are now en
gaged, ascertains the strength and value
o. oar republican institutions. The po
litical experiment which wo have made
has bceu hitherto successful. Our go
vernment secures our happiness in time ot
weaco and cuunct subvert our liberty.
Let us shew that it is conipelmt to our
defence in time of war. If it be so, our
destiny is fixed nml all the powers of the
Earth cannot disturb it. If it he not thus
competent, if 1 lie measures required for
Common Defence and General Welfare
cun he impeded, bullied by the spirit of
party and clamors of opposition, if in
tract the whole force of the Country can
not be put into operation, for the protec
tion of all, the alternatives are obvious.
\Ve must either, adopt hy ooinnmn con
sent a goreruinet which can afford us
protection in time of war - ; nr, such a
government will be forced upon us, by the
ambitious leader of a victorious faction, or
we shall fall a prey to the arts ami pow-
tr of that nation, which shall first be able
to direct all its euergics against us.—
Thus while we are now engaged in De
fence of our rights, of our persons, and
of the Soil on which we treud, let us main
tain uud invigorate and give character and
credit to that system of Government,
which many have conceived to be tiled
only for tbe season of prosperity and
peuee.
Fellow citizens ! Have patience yet a
moment. You ttill have patience. It is
Washington who speaks. “Citizens by
*. birth or choice says this illustrious
« man, of a Common Country, tlmt Coiin-
i> try has a right to conrcntuite our nttec-
« lions. The name of American, which
“ belongs.to ns in our uational capacity
iV must always exalt the just pride of pat-
« riotism, more than any appellation de-
.< rived from local discriminations. With
■ft slight shades of difference, we have
jX the same religion, habits, manners and
it political principles, with every corn
et mantling motive which interest, can fur-
“ nish for guarding and preserving the
it Union of the whole.”—Let us then
,ny countrymen, hold it to be a sacred du
ty, to regard all the states as one Coun
try, aud all the people which inhabit them
ns’ our lirethen. That narrow and sordid
aud selfish spirit which shall lead the
people of one state, to view with jealousy
or envy the prosperity of another, it is
follv, it is wickedness to indulge. But still
more detestuble, is that feeling which in
duces the inhabitants of one Section of this
Country, to exult at the dangers to which
others are constantly und inevitably cx-
nsed, or at the calamities which inva-
on may produce. Let not your Souls
ness ofI*cr.sylvamn hit;! New-York, ar.din
Die im-rousing power and population of
the Stuffs cn the western waters. The
prosperity of tbe States is tlie glory, &
I heir strength is the strength of the na
tion.
One more remark ami I have done.
The enemy hy his late movements seems
to have selected the state of Virginia, us
the peculiar object of his vengeance. Be
it so. Tli people of this commonwealth
are proud to he thus distinguished. They
have never bv a senatorial resolve, depre
cated his wrath, and so help them God !
they never w ill.—Their fathers met him
iu the field and led lus urmy into cap
tivity. We will emulate their spirit, and
endeavor to follow their great example.
Our officers may want experience, and
our soldiers may be deficient in disci
pline. But they w ill learn their lessons
hi the field of battle 1 , and men who Inuve-
ly fight in defence of their sacred rights
aud of the best and dearest objects of hu
man affection, will soon know how to con
quer iu the service of their Country. JMy
countrymen ! my respected countrymen!
brave and generous Virginians 1 when this
storm shall pass away, when an honor-
able peace shall be required by jour pat
riotism and valor; when yop, or such of
you as may survive the confiict, shall
meet again in the full enjoyment of the
peace and of the rights for which we now
contend, wliatwili be your feelings? Mow
pure will be yourjoy ? how proud your
triumph ? You shutl read jour history iu
a “ nation’s eyes.” Yes I you shall stand
on the right haul of your grateful coun
try, while those who have encouraged
tbe foe and desc:ted her in the hour of
d inger, shall call on the mountains to
•over them!
I:
foieiqn.
\ Jje blackened by such pollution. Tear
from your hearts every root and fibre of
sentiments like these. But w by do I give
this admonition? My Countrymen, 1
know that you need it not. But it may
OWt b»“ wasted in the desert air.” li
wav fall w nei e it will he felt. 1 say
with confidence that you do nut require
f tliis admonition. 1 judge your hearts and
minds by my own, and 1 saj for jou ihu
yjiu rejoice jii the wealth and i idustry m
he Eoaurn States 5 in the rising gr’ a*.
GERMAN ACCOUNTS.
Berlin, [/'rutsia] May ft.
VVe have a report that a battle
has been fought ut Zevenkau. A gen
eral gramk buttle may Le expected to day
or to morrow.
Saxony. May 3. The combined Uuss-
sian aud l'rusciaii army are now in a
strong position along tbe Elbe, where
they await reinforcements.
Rerun, may 8. Orders have been giv-
eu fora levy en nasss of uil the citizens,
to oppose the French.
LATEST FROM FRANCE.
Yesterday afternoon arrived at this
port schr. Whig, Peprice, in 44 days
from Bordeaux, with a valuable cargo.—
»Jy this arrivtl the Editors of the Aler
cuntile Advctiser have received a file ot
Paris papers to the 21st Muv, from which
the following articles were translated.
We learn verbally, by this arrival, it
was reported in Bordeaux, that negotia
tions were opened between the Emperor
Alexander anil Napoleon, lbr a Peace ;
and that great rejoicing had taken place
n Bordeaux in consequence of the sig
nnl victories acheived by the Freuc'li o
ver the Allied Army.
Battle of tAitzen.
FRENCH BULLETIN.
Paris, May a.
Her Imperial Majesty, the Q lt-t-i
and Regent has received the following
news from the army :
The battles of YVtinsenfields and ol
Lutz.en are only preludes of events oi
the highest importance. The Empe
ror Alexander and the King of Prussia
who had arrived at Dresden, with aU
their forces, at the latter end of April
.earning that the French had planted
hemaeives before Thuringe, adopted
the plan to giv? them battle on the
plains of Lutzen, and made a move
ment to take their position ; but were
prevented by the rapid movements ol
the French army—yet they persisted in
their projects, and resolved to attack
the army in order to maintain the po
sition they had taken. The position
of the French army on the 2d of May
at 9 o’clock in the morning, was as
follows. The left wing ot the army
was on the Elsrer. It was formed by
the Vice R >v, having under his com
mand the 5th and tl;h corps. The
center w as commanded by the Prince
of'Moscow, at the village of Kaia—
The Emperor with the old and young
guard, were at Lutztn.
The Duke of Kaguse was in tbe de
file cf the Posen.a nnd iom.cci the
light with his three divisions.
In fine, general Bertrand, command
ing the 4th‘ corps, marched to join ihe
defile. The enemy made a movement
and parsed the Elster, over the bridg-
es ot Zewnkaw, Pagr.n and Reitz—
His majesty, hoping to prevent tha
movement, and thinking he could a-,
tatk only the 3d. ord- red general Lau-
I ton, v,hose corps found the tx rtnrn
tv of the It-1x, to repair to L; ipsic, in
the end to disconcert the projects o>
the enemy, and to place ihe French
a» my in a situation tor the event ofth,
thi d, in a position entittly different
from what the enemy expected to find
it ; (and where it was in fart, on the
2a) and thus cause confusion and dis-
• ndir in the ir columns.
At nine o’clock in the morning, his
Majesty hearing the cannonading near
Leipsic repaired thhtter at full g.dlop.
The enemy defended the little village
< f Listenau ar.d the bridges in advance
r 0 f L-.ifud. His waited only
tor the moment when these places
should be carried, to put his whole ar
my in movement in this direction to
wheel upon Leipsic, pass over the right
of the Eisther, to take the enemy in
fl ick ; but at ten o’clock the enemies’
army moved toward Kaia, in many co
lumns of great depth, which obscured
the sun.
The enemy presented forces which
appeared immense. The emperor im.
mediately made his arrangements.—
ihe Vice K'y received orders to re
pair to the left cf the Prince of Mcs-
coiva, but it took him three hours to
execute this movement. The Prince
of Moscowa, took arms, and with his
five divisions sustained the battle, which
at the end of half an hour became ter-
lible. His Majesty himself, at the
head of the guard, behind the centre ol
the army, sustained the right of the
•Prince of Moscowa. The Duke ol
Kaguse with his three divisions cccu
pi'-d the extreme right. Gtr. Bt-
trand had orders to repair to the rear
of the enemy’s army ; at the moment
when theline w r as most warmly engaged
fortune was pleased to crown with the
most brilliant success all thi se disposi
tiens.
The Duke of Trevise carried with
out firisg a gun, the village of Kaia,
and drove the enemy at the point ol
the bujonet. The cavalry artillery
and inhntry of the enemy fled. Gen.
Bonner, commander of one of the di
visions -t the Duke of R,guse, receiv
ed orders to make a movement on
his left upon Kaia, to succour the cen*
re. He sustained many charges ol
the cavalry, in which the enemy expe
rienced many losses.
In the mean time General Coun.
Betrand advanced upon the liue.—
It was in van that the enemy’s cava!
ry aitempieej to force his squares.
His marth was not impeded—the
emperor ordered a change of the di
rection by ujheeling on Kaia—all tin
light made | chaDge of front, the right
in advance-
The enemy fled—we pursued them
l league anjl a half. We soon after ar
rived at the height that the emperor
Alexander] the king of Prusia, and
he Bnnqenbourg family occupied
during the battle. An officer (a pris
soner whcifi we found there) imformed
us of this circumstance.
~ Wchavti made many thousand pri
soners. The number could not be
greater, considering the inferiority of
our cavalry and the dsire the empe-
ior has shewn to spire it.
exglishTcco &VT&
FOREIGN OFFICE, May 25, ISIS.
DESPATCH.
Lord Catebcart to Viscount Castlerengli.
DRESDEN, May 6,1813.
MY LORI),
My last despatches informed your
Lordship of the arrival of the Ruler of
France and of Ihe concentration of his
forces near Erfurth and towards the
Saule, as also that of the allies upon the
Ulster.
I have now tbe honor of inclosing here
with the official statements which have
been published by the Russian and Prus
sian Governments, of the general action
which took place on the 2d inst hetween
the two armies; and a/ter which the Al
lies remained in possession of the field ol
t(iiltlp,aud of the positions from which in
the course of the day they had dislodged
tbe enemy.
The lust division of Gen. Tormazoff’s
corps having crossed the Elbe, on the
28th ult. the whole of it moved forward
by forced Inarches to the Elster. His im
perial Mijesty and the King of Prussia
arrived at Borna on the mornmg of the
1st inst. with the reserve; and the seve
rul parts of the army were on the saint
day collected in that place.
Maftjuil Prince K0UT0U80FF
3M0LENSK0 wits left ill on the march
at Rcuutzlau, where Ire died ; hut his
death vvaj not published. Count Witt
genstein, at that time at Zwcnkau, was
appointed to coinmnnfl the army.
lie had on that dry reconnoitered the
enemy and ascertained his position ; and
the same evening a disposition was made
for a general attack to take place outlie
following morning at day break.
During the preceding week the tvdvnr.ee
of the enemy's main army towards Naun-
burg and the approach of Beatihaniois
from Quedlinfcui g hud been indicated bj
several skirmishes und partial affairs,
part hoi oily at ami near Dalle und Mer
seburg, w here the Prussians behaved vv itli
gal Loliy.
On the evening of the first the enemy
appeared to have great masses of his force
between Lutzen and AVeisenfeU. and af
ter dusk a strong column was seen mov
ing in the direction of Leinsic, to which
place there was clear evidence that lie
intended to move.
The advance corps of Count Wittgen
stein’s army lmv iug beeu engaged on the
same evening to the East and North of
Lutzen, the cavalry of it remained there
to amuse the enemy in the moruii g, but
with orders to retire gradually. Mean
while the several columns of the army
were ordered to cross the Elster at Pe-
gau, and bear down and to follow the
course of & rivulet which risiug near the
Eliter runs iu a Noitli West direction
folhc Sanle by which movement the
ground favored, it was intended to turn
the enemy’s right between >Veizeniels
and Lutzen, while his attention was di
rected to his left between the latter ^l.tce
and Leipsic.
As soon as their Majesties saw the
troops placed according to the disposition,
the whole was putin motion towards the
enemy.
The country is uncovered and open,
the soil dry and light, but with a very
considerable variety of hill aud valley,
and much intersected by hollow ways
and mill streams, t he former not discerna-
ble till closely approached.
The enemy plueed behind a long ridge
and in a string of villages of which Cor-
sclten is the principal, with a hollow way
in front nnd a stream sufficient to float
timber iu tbe left, vvaite.l the near ap
proachof the allies.
He had an immense quai tity of 12
pounders and larger calibres distributed
throughout the line, and in the viiluges;
the batcrics in the open country were
supported by musses of infantry iu so-
lid squares.
The plan of operation drtcrrr.ined up
on on view of the enemy, was to attack
the village of GrosGrosshcn with artille
ry- ami infantry, and in tlie meanwhile to
pierce the line of the enemy’s right of
the villages, with a strong coinmn of
carali v in order to cut off the troops iu
the villages from support.
Late in ti e evening, Bonupnrte having
called in the troops from Leipsic, and
collected all his reserves, made an at
tack from his left on the right of the Al
lies, supported by the fire of several bat
teries advancing.
I’he vivacity of this movement
made it expedient to change the front
of the nearest brigades on ligh.
an-1 as the whole cavalry from the reft,
was ordered to the right to turn this
attack, and to charge it, I was not with
out hopes of witnessing the destruction
ot Bcnaparte and all his army ; bu.
cfore the cavalry could arrive, it be
came so dark that nothing could b
distinguished but the flashes of th-.
gun*. _ v , ,
The Allies remained in possession
of the disputed villages, and of the
line cn which the enemy had stood.
Orders were given to renew the at
tack in the morning, but the enernv
did not wait for it, audit was judged
expedient, with reference to the gene
ral posture of the cavalry,not to pursue.
The wounded have all been removed
across the Elbe, while the cannon and
prisoners taken, and the ground wrest
ed from the enemy in the action, are ir.
comestible proofs of the success of the
Allies.
Both sovreign' were in the field the
whole day. The king was chiefly near
the village where his troops were en
gaged. The emperor was repeatedly
iu every part of the field where he w
received with the most animating
cheers by every corps he approached—
The fire to which his person was not
unfrequently exposed and the casualtie
which .ouk place near him, did not ap
pear in the least to disturb his atten
tion lrom the objects to which it was
directed, & which he followed withou;
any ostentation. ,
Gen. Wittgenstein, with the army,
is between the Elbe and the Elster,
with the command ol several budges
over the former.
The Russian troops of all arms ful
ly realised the expectations I had for
med of their bravery and steadiness,
and the emulation and spirit of patriot
ism which pervades the Prussian army,
merits the highest encomium. I have
he honor to be,See.
(Sined) CATHCART,
The Lord Viscount Castlereagh, &c.
Situation of the French Army on the
morning nf the 14th of May—Transla
ted from the Journal of Paris of the 21st
of May.
'the army of tbe Elbe bug been din
solved und the two armies of the Elbe aud
of tlie Main, are now united.
The Duke of Bctline was ou the even
ingot"the i3th, Wittembrrg.
TLe Prince ofMoskwaleft Torgtmfor
Lukau.
Count Luuriston oiarcbed frem Tort
gau upon Dobrilugk.
Count Betrand was at Konningsburg.
The Duke of Tarento. with tfio nth
corns was encamped at Bichosgwerda
ana Bautzen. lie had vigorously pursued
the enemy on the litli and I2tb. Gen.
Miloradowich, vitli an after guard of
2,000 men, and 40 peiees of cannon, on
the teth vvittlied to jiold their positions
of Fiseltbaeh, of Capellenburg, and of
Bisrliofswerda, which caused three suc
cessive battles,in which our troops con
ducted themselves with the greatest
intrepidity. The division Charpeutier
distinguished itself in the attack ot. the
right. The enemy was turned in his
position, foiled at every point ; one ol
bis columns cut o|f. We made .Woo pris
oners. He had more than i.loo men kil
led and wounded. The artillery of
the 11tli corps, made a discharge of 200
shot in the combat.
The wreck of the Prusian army com
manded by the King in person, which had
passed at Meissin, directed their course
hy Kceningshruck, to Bautzen, to join the
Russian army.
The corps of the Duke of Reggio, pas-
sed the bridge of Dresden yesterday at
noon.
The j: Emperor has reviewed O r»' pjr
eava.ry ai d of “.beaux cuirassiers'* of
Gen Latour Maubourg.
It si said the Russians have advised lie
Pru-sians to I urn Berlin and Potsdam,
and to lay waste all Prussia. They have
!>■ gtm already to Set the example, nod
l ave burnt the little city Biscbot'swcnln.
The King of Saxoony dined the 13ilx
with the Emperor, said division of the
young guard commanded by gen. Bannois
is expected to-morrow at Dresden.
On Sunday, the 23d the Empress will
go in Slate to the Metropolitan Church
where will be sung Te Deum, in t.om*c»
quenre of the victory gained by the Em
peror and King over the Russian l’rus--
sian army in the ploin of Lutzen. At
H in the morning a dis«havgeof artillery
will annouee the cvrent ny. In the even-.
ning the'Thnillerirs auu pnblifk Edifice*,
will he illuminated
DarsBrN, May 13.
Tt is hellvpil 11 o Russia -s arc rrtirin ty
to the Order. It is proslle the French,
army will be soon ontl-e Vistula.
I’rayne, May 3.
VV were rrir.ny da vs iu doubt ol the re
sult of the sanguinary conflict, in the cm i«
rons f Leiniic, yesterday evening wo
heard that the allied armies were in full
retreat, and that they had evacuated
Dresden. Wc arc Ignorant of the emiso
of such retreat. TheaeeoUuht published
by the Russians at Dresden, 1 mentions ad
vantages gained on nuitiifest contra die-
ton, to the precipitated retreat of the
allied armies, a retreat w hich exposes'
to great danger the citizens of Hamburg
and Berliu Many private letters stato
the losses oftlie Prussians in the battle
of tlie 2d to be immense.
Boston, July to.
LATEST FROM ENGLAND.
Bytlie hrig Fair Trader, York, arrived
at this port,yesterday,[with despatch
es for GovernmentJ London papers to
thezrtli May have been received: Ex
tracts follow—
British tiouse of Commons—May to,
AMERICAN COTTON.'
Mr. Alderman Atkins presented a pe^
tition from the incrch. nts, planters, &o.
iu London, prayin'.' for the exclusion of
American cotton from all the British
ports. He observed, that the meastiro
prayed for would tend to encourage the
cultivation of cotton in our colonies, and
those of our allies ; and be the mean of
preserving our preeious metals at home*
as bullion, und not merchandize, was now
the only medium through which we could
pay for American cotton.
The chancellor of the exchequer, in an
swer to a question put by a member, ob
served, that in any propositions he had or
should make on the subject in debate, he
should not have revenue in view r—- his
object being to press upon the country
which had declared war so prematurely
against us. He thought however, that
the rigid blockade of tue American porta
was more efficacious than a prohibition by
law, as it not only sliut out American com
merce from this, hut from all other coun
tries. He was, lie said, desirous of lay ing
restraints ou the produce of America so
long as we were excluded from lierpr.rts,
and lie was anxious to ascertain the opi
nion of mercantile men upon the subject.
Mr. Baring said, the merchants w an
ted an assurance that if they could qot
obtain American cotton that it should al«"
so be excluded from their rivals in that
manufactures. It is true we can work w ith
other cottons, but if tlie continent can
purchase American cottons at six or ten
pence, while we pay twenty-four pen er
for eettons of an inferior quality, w e can
not enter into any competition with them.
He feared, the blockade w as not effectual 5
as it was not geographical, end want- d
general combination. It was merely «
blockade of tlie Chesapeake, Delaware^
Charleston, Savannah, &e. andnotufail
tlie cotton ports, w hich send out their 1 nm-
moditiextoull Europe. Me believed that
vessels had arrived at 1’lytncuth und Li
verpool since it was instituted. It ap*
peared that tiie government did not ihi-1
the subject so important as it was felt oi.U
of floors, or they wanted concert. Lord
Liverpool bad refused all licenses, v hieh
a few days after were granted hy tha
hoard of trade. Such uncertainty, he said,
was very injurious to mercantile specula- ’
tious.
Mr. Canning was happy to hear tlu%
political and not financial objects, w as the
end of the propositions ol the lit. Hon.
Gentleman. As far as the policy was
hostile to our enemy so far it was wise,
be dcuied the theory, that we ought ta
procure our raw materials wherever the.y
were to he hud at the cheapest rate, with
out considering w hat advantage our pur
chasing from our enemies might confer oa
them. He objected to 1 lie powers given
to the board of trade to grant licences, as
ruinous to colouinl speculations. He a-
greed that the blockade was the most fair,
open and manly system; but tliut it lictl
been sufficiently notified to foreigners ; &
that it left several cotton ports open. Ik
was still more imperfect, us naval or mi
litary purposes might at any time cail off’
the blockading force, at the discretion
of the commanding officer; and then such
a sudden influx of cotton might arrive
from (lie liberated ports, as would be de
structive of all colonial speculations. A
sudden restoration of peace would also
heve tbe same effect. In my opinion, said
Mr. C . our measures ought not to l-e in.ids
contingent on peace ; and to prolong lh«
restraint on American coinniei?c no old
be wise and just, since in this war it uas
universally acknowledged that America
wits the aggressor. \Vc must then pur
sue our measures with vigor aud certain
ty, and pluck from an offensive proceed
ing of our foes the uie&UB ol* augment an,g