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i. • /O-f 1 T'T “ d- i ^ ?ti ‘ j J . WL- •Id V- M v> S f jK;'; /NlA jtr_ .. A Ef&f ‘ •*• .•■..;■? ij; 4&W& JOURNAL. MU,.. Li oa Tl ririDAY, MARCH 28, 1820. NO. 21. *> 3rc-d Hml i reservation of cei'tu timl’cr lor naval purp ise*,’’ and contingent kx- . c„ Ij-IKKS, |(1 . . Jici-toffh*: tCS.La^Ji) ' Ain:*.M'tr* JKMUkiu '1**1* v V Pr»« Yf.AU. . f'V 'vci«V **1| b'- i:-sr^t- v 'y-l.V t* iU, sU.fl s'.\n - V • »?.| <•>' .J'VIMMiC bx 2^v : •til?' 4 ir.itl‘A i wiii'f C .• *« i fiv? <;ot l r.T3 ", a liaJhis- Litv t'mir c» *»llfir* : j*vlohxI ; • M.icu to (ItOlov» H ca“(ii • i \ i acb.'trm oi one fmutii r : o* <•*•!(!• d f »t b j.oropub- •nVi ivUHi ib) not r.;>;*ear . oMh- c'»»r<utl s* new our*. 7/ .?// iui'cctitin lo thiti ,;rt " i:*('’» art pnitl. GKOitU i X7 * it, if, Excellency J'hn CUik, Governor am! . - * - c ... , ,..„ac.-1., cl.. ,'ufHw A. hit ami Navy *«* otherwue appropriated. ->ic andofth t Militia .hereof. i Approved—January 14, 1820. j; '.tlti.i VI liivovtC'dvedofficLdi.i'oinvfttion j . O').it Hid c dV'.t !'•• ivgi county, hi tliHsUt",'t, it .J \|,c t!. : dilayofM.Hi.il ia*t. a certain JOHN i.iVCUS, «lii « cniuiuiitort to the jml of tnkl j i ,ti, on ac.iargu uf l*ei-j uy,tUJ.Tiakt- ius ..teape i li .vs, there*®'".<h"Utl>t I't’otier to tlnsi''.y Congress assembled, ’I hat the P,,u:lar ’ expense* [tree doth .Vi Mlrr i!.:i For medicine*, I- ant'nl stor>8, uml on u"e im of the inlulintr lho*e. 11 (lie i.nuiri o ros, ei/l.t tiiou»a.id titt.l hundred 1.11J fifty cioll.tr*. 1- w n pair* rf vend*, one hundred and or.u tho'iai.nd two hundred dollar*. For couti. gent expense•, eleven thou*and dulhra, ai.'pXudwderd°e authorityofituinctoi Coo’. no 1;IW * b y w, '' cl ' is declared that principles, let us endeavor to ascertain silent, Confess possesses not authority upon an equal footing with the original |rr*« of the tint Mari h, pne thousand right huu- slaves cannot be made free. in what part of the constitution that to direct citizens or states. These must, j States. ‘‘ : r ~ ‘ ‘ ’ eiuirn, entitled “ An ne t mnlrint; | t'ir, the slaves of die soulh arc held to ; power is nHejpited, which would autho- then, ho controlled by tlieir own inde- — L -i-.c .t-. * .e •- r j ge vou to adopt the amendment pro- pendent governments. Let it be re- h ol been enacted several b'ifore.— It may be proper to remark, rlmt t'.r dia- cuvsion of the bill to admit Mis omi had its commencement at the last Congress, some time after the adjournment of the Georgia Legislatin' 1 the Statute Hook not destroy the golden chain by which constitution ii sile»f, to authorize the of Canada, that acquisition of terrih rv, i.urftderative government is held logo- ■ Congress to speak or to act; for Con- It was in contradiction of the resolution thcr. They would lend to gradual u- gress is the creafure of the constitution, of 1T80, by which the states were aliur- surpntions of power, by which your con-1 and must look to itfor o|ien,declared, & ed to cede their unlocated lands to the le adjournment of the slitution would be made a dead letter, I positive direction. VVliat the constitu- General Government, upon thetimdi- ire. Certain it is, that and your republican institutions exist lion dictates is to be done j what it. pro- tion that these should constitute »ever- of that .State contains only m name. Proceeding upon these hibit;, is to be. avoided ; ittit, when it. is al states, to be admitted into tho Ur.iou put'lio i.in.u to supn.y a service which, unlike that of the ah- A\ ACT for the relief of the lecy.l representa- ; ^ e( | jjy c , )Ur tH. five of Philip Harbour, deceased. 1 - - . any authority their masters:and their rights cf person- ; slavery in any part of the; Union,in any ’ j al security, guaranteed by the constitu- territory, or in any state about to be an-; s i tion and the laws, are vigilently protec 1 ‘ ,T *‘ It is true, they are initted into the Union. The 9th section commences with this power to receive ject, without qualification or condition, a state making application to be admitted into the Union. But there is aconditinn, without which /#- it cnr.etcd by'tii Senate and House <t Nc- °^ en rna< ^ subject to wanton acts of ty- j clause; “ The migration or importation n state cannot J>e admitted into the U- fr-eiiUt'itivcs oj t!>e Untett Sta * ki ‘ ‘ * u ~ : 1 • , i, • . . ....... itata of .imerira, in , tunny; but this is not their peculiar ; of such persons as any of the states now nion ; and it is to be found in the 4th •Av,thnu»li> projiyrtoinw tinsmv vongiest atsemo/rd, 'liiat the RegnUr of the ; misfortune! For, search the catalogue , existing shall think proper to admit,' section of the 3d article : “ The United - h ni.' iirijs » i J o', l'tt 0 lan«l "dice aud.rrc'iver of public njoueys uf the , of crimes, ai d you will find that man— shall not be prohibited prior to the year States shall guarantee to evei v.statc in dV.vtw&n HOl.UUiS i*> any o«.yu U oc per- Lmud states m the state of M>»..*ipp. wmI of, the t y rant —is continually preying upon •to* ho mny niJiiTthur.tl tin- j»H JoKii L(ugfm t an<i IVarl Hive r, be, and lliey are lierehy, autliorm- i . • t ,/ i» , .. J 1 * b • , l " ...f ly <Mr.Vro«l ...It. the custody ofih. 5heriff ' rd nnd directed, within twelve montU alicr (he his fellow man that there arc as many | i .it.-v iif the county of Twigs., Mart-Mid I sod I herein .lim .uni rcpii' e allotlicer paifaee of tl.U act, to report to the Communion of the Cicutn.l Lend Office the value 1808; but a tax or duty may be imposed j the Union a republican form of govern- on such importation, not exceeding ten ' ment.” Now “ guaranty,’’ means, if 1 of fif- | passions and the lost of power! Believe j said, very plausibly, that the words “ ini- j words, “ to undertake that certain stip t*J u ri* ' me, air, I am not tlie panegyrist of slay-j gration’^ and “importation” are here ] ulations shall ( shall be performed.” These ry.^ It is an unnatural state; a dark i used synonymously ; but let us give to ( stipulations can only be found in the i) ii .n.l ami tin print Sti ll of ih. t.l3(-,i ..t Jic au.tc-Ho li: in .MlJcdgt- jlc, J’.io t.Ui lny uf M;r eh, in the J. ar of mr ' • d,..ii;hU-( i llun.Ht lu...Hweu‘tr,aiid , il. t .. ty-1i)ii. (h yoni'oflhv liideju udance Uh. iJuitul SckIoi uf Aiuerit'O. John Clark. * iV d and •».ti , n > •• •*-* 11 l,,l J ‘ i teeo hundred acres of land, situated on the li- ! mf t-" 1 --fi.-ivel...- <«« *- .......ami.., hv.It.. , j at Hle mouth of His «!.«*, ; • if m ihe iJ(o. Li onlej’ Hint nc mnv ututtreo , 1 , . •. . . . Ui' » . * lUo Crit .1 Ufalnci. h- .sol,.,—commonly culled the (srand Gulnh. pntnuh d m ,■ tl.e year one tru uHand sevoa uuikiii-u null neven- : “lori.lo, to Phil- | 0,1 1 register fend \ evi eMiumte, a due ; we called upon to emancipate our slaves r whence mighty effects of evil are to 1 rnnent oftl'e 1 * tnswer » < ' ,eir welfare—the safely of: upon the country ! Certainly, the ft »ai.Wommis , our citizens forbid it. Can we incorpo- : et s of the constitution desired to dcs Uiey. ar one truusanci seven ouwiiej nutmeveu- i —* u ® which obscures half the lustra of j every word iii the clause an appropriate constitutions of the states, where they ty, by tllu government of Wu«t Florida, to Phil-| 0UI free institutions ! But it is a fixed meaning, and then we will see whether I must constitute “a republican form of ij. tnrhour, de.cael; the uni.l register fend 1 evil, which wc can only alleviate. Ate the word “migration” is the jittle source | government.” If this be so; then, at receiver ha.intr, in making such t*>timnt.f, a due reifurd to the time wh< u tiie said par' of it, wa* sold by the gov tinned States : whereupon the At ircr Hammond, a- «Vv of state. /. tl.ichs lia u.aii of middling slnmre, ..lesior, itiirhsic, «iui blue eyrt.tW" .4' his •wvitlioutand iffert of one ot hl'caisolV. I j U if : a Sf.vvtosYltv’.—~.li:hu ■ Qtm ii ■ m Cw tifs, buvi'.g entered inov c .part- ilie liusiuew in fun.re ..ill be coa.luct d of LINN K CUU'l'lS—*l.o ..fl'er llow . the moment a new state is admitted, the am-1 same guarantee which applies to the ori- dcstroy i gin&l states, extends fo her also. She the which certificate shall be receivable in [ of any debt which may Imve atcrunl, hciTa.'ter accrue, >o the United States snle of any of the public lands : J‘ trr cled hmc v r. That, before the said C.iinmimiontr of the *or lVm.Il. ,,ven those who clamor most loudly for ' 18'JH of such persons as any iff the slates , ous to imagine that to be guaranteed of , mi t!,e ! th® sublime doctrines of our Declaration then existing thought proper to admit,” which bite f-. wild ., ill"'" rccentl. rjoelvcd, i re the folic. ).... jt’ni‘"d Slav.-s, 5 vol». (new edition j I'lulty’s Crlmii.nl Law, 4 *o!i. lio. on I*!«.-»•'ii g, J do. ieon'.i'B Law lilirtiriiur/, 6 do. "a'lle’s Iii /."lex, 3 do. Fariiford M.u rjisi s l?« j...rt«, 8 do, U.-inch'd ilo. 9ilo. doifeu^ict fend Uullcr’s, do. 5 <lo. Ciinijibell’s do. 2 do. C.lin'd do. 3 do. Md.ldock’s Chancery, do. 2 do. Monre’i Judex, 2 do. ddLcLuotie's C ,iur.rent:U v ics, 4 do, V*Ud’s ! jiv. Nntio>u. Couslituli'Mi Ua’ted ylim’t St»ii. annfeUoflhc U.Guits xX'lute'i Lcttcison England, 2 veil*. Mi-iaoir. ol Oio'l Lee, by C.-Idwcll—Plates Peter's Letters to his tvi. -tc ik. C»ue.sbaw's lb,hod o'atrs lvaiil.ee, 2 vols i.t>. Iv }H‘>MING—Ginn Jt Curtis, rcipcct. v u hir.N i l.ci,* li icin’. and ihe p.ild’O in jener'.l, St. , have in finiiH.'ciion wills liia^lli.olrsdli’ii; lln- j - e»a, iMmlilislit.l a ltin.li n. sn.l plcdgo liu-Tn- sclvc. to cxv. ute bin g in its Various branch s . .t-i nentm-xs and dispatch N. Ji. Hbc.K h).,ol i, nis.ia to nrikr tit tl.s slim', test noli. oiileiw b\ni the cent.try, will bo piv.m.'lly uxecule.l, Li.ow.ics and \cr.den.iej juipplnd on the h.oji liberal. terms ; Catalogues ftiinishfed gratis. yyy* Pusons indebted to Arthur (iinn, sre rc- n.ii-st' 1 locall and pc tho sa.oe ; those haii. g uc- • •• unis:ieai..It him, will ) b ase p:\ient (hem. Vlihed^otille, Ali.rch 21 23——It >vaT %;■ iV. s'Tk w ixkYbi si l V vnrs i • t )<Tns . f US’P received nml lor sale At tho .ubsoribars she;., Watches, Jewelry and Silver Spoons— .1.1 at the lowest rates, and iSridgc Hills uls. a at ar. r. HEIn. Mille.lgcville, March 10 2w iSOTICE; rnflK uudorsicned respectfully inform (he pub- .L lie that they h.ne purchased from Mtiera. ( re n si law and ll-fror, - , their entire Slock ol •iooiis, tui.l will continue the biisia-.si in the H ouse lately occupied by them under the l.Pu "f BRADFOHU, HF.i BURN . l c DA NELLY. r i hey now offer an-J will constantly keep fer sale on ti.e beat terms, a ureal va' .ely , i feliVCi 1.I9IJ, FRENCH, CKKMAN, E.tS i -INDIA k. 1)0- ii L8 l IC (4O0DS. 'J be former customers of ri.is House, t ur IHends and the public gen&ral- fy,"ure bcsit«d to ^ivc us their custom. THOMAt) M. BRADFORD, BURTON I IF BLUR Nr, IY.M. J. DANF.Ll.Y. MillctlgtviUe, January 2’- tf O N It.tj nr.3 UalarcUy in May uc.xt, wiii lit. sold at the court-jiouse. in Miltcilgiwiile, the moa- tre Jat», With the itnnio. -melils, whereon Jet. Ilium.a died, nyretsble lo an order ol'ilio houor- »Uc c.,ait c.l it t.lvrin oouuty, having comp. lent feaihority iu uusli cases. Jp.r.ra Tho’mis, nilni’r. Chimb, ri.—Ordcre.l, tt.ul the above sale be on flBst 4'ucStU.y iu Mnv next, a;rre. uD’e to law. James I 'leir.ing, a Justices ot j /1. jitter., >the Inferior .i'.ta E. .Yrchols, ) Cotir'. A true so .y from the Mii.ut.i, 1st March, IS 0. T/w/a.J H. Ac mn, Clerk. Marti. I '.j ills Laws o? thk united states. [hr Mhiiunni.] AN ACT making a partial appropriation for the military tt-rvic" if tho United htutes (or the >ear eighteen hundred anti twenty. he it nun led by the. -V, nate and House rf He- f rf< itf,lives oj t\e I'inlr.I Slates of. Inurica, ill t 'crrrj assembled, That the followin'' min» t", arid a-e hereby appropriated to tho oh|ects b ;i-ein specified, to wit : 1 .. juLsi-tcuce of.the Army of tho United two hundred woi tweaty tlu>u*.tnd dul- hi». Por ti e rational arn.oties, tifly-six tliouiaud dblUn. Fcrarrnaragot, on ' •» eettlenient of outstand- ii..: clvn.r, fifty thousand dollars. pre poster • lanteeff of „ . ......... o UB was not posaedflct)—that lobe 4 Independence, who shout in yimr it was intended lo convey a power to ! secured to Iter, which, in fact,had no e*- ars “ all men are by nature equal !” ; prevent the. introduction of Africans in-1 istence. It results, then, that without an lofin of government,” a l come into the confederacy; the necessity to possess it a to which wc are obliged to submit r jit appears lo me, still refers to Af- j sine qua u»a t or condition, without which Would it be fair ; would it br. manly ; | riems—and.I express this opinion with ; the new slate cannot be admitted ? .Sir, would it be generous; would it be just; deference and humility—may it not have | this condition being expressedfoperates to offer contumely and contempt to the'been intended the more effectually to | to the exclusion ot every other. “ Ex- ICS ACT supplementary to the act, entitled "“fortunate 1"“" ' vl '" wears a cancer in t provide again.ff evasions of the laws’ in- i pressio uuins eti ere (us to alter ius,' 1 ' is a “ An act toreculate mid fix (lw rpnqifitiatiun ' ^' s hosom, because he will not submit to j terdictuig jtUe importation of slaves ?— sound maxim, both of common law and i of the Clerk* in Ihe diJhrer.t Ofl'ui s,” parsed j cautery at the hazard of his existence ? ■ The object was to prevent the accun.u- : common sense. tl e twi ti t it tli "f April one dmuiaud eight J Fur my own part, surrounded by slavery j latum of this species of property. It was j But, it is objected, slavery is, i hundred *ad eighteen. | from my cradle to the present moment, I well known to t! « founders of our gov-' palible with that “ republican fr ? dc at the »'.'.n<i occnpu d by Arthur (iinn, General Land CiRee shall is-ue the ceriitkale, | would turn with abhorrence and disgust | to the United Slates. Bv inhibit-, a republic.*) .. . .;i„- l)»ri::a Hraicli ll'i’ik, on l. synu «treetl the saidilcgal retiicsi ntulivu iliall fde in his of- i m...n • ., „ . .. n . “ .o.,o r ,, ...’tier.I unci’.uitt t of HOURS fc, STA BLJN A- I tic.eaa written r4a«c, under hi* hand and ..ml, ! I,0, “ a ?‘ U ?' COlo . r ® (l l’ ro f ^ t!,e “ , aftc r 1808 of, State cannot ;/,Milie Nv.w.Y"ik and Phil. d. iphi:. pri«»;, w jm all thefeolemnUie. neocary to make it va- we then be blamed tor a state ol things | stick persons—tor the constitution,: and is not ti I_. ■ j tlioin recently rio.dv<-d, ire the folloaii.g : , ;;j Bn j operative .whereby he.ball releine to to which we are obliged to submit t ; it appears lo me. still refers to Af-nine qua non lid and operative, whereby he shall release to the United Slate* all his claim to the eaid fifteen hundred acres of land. Approved—January 14, lti'JO B ■ it a noted by Ih Semite ami House n f He- p r .ciiti: fives tj the L’n ted States of jhnerica in Congress astern bl if, I'hat the authority given in the eighth section of the above recited act, to the Secretary ol the 1 rramiy, to employ nine addition,d dork* in *he office of the Vl.iid Audit or, u:id three ud iJtinnal di.rks in the ■ Mice of ihe second Ccmp.rolii.r < ftho Treasure, he, -nd die same ii hereto, c uitinucd, until tiie thirty- fiMt day of Deicin'*, r, one thousand eight hun dred and twery, amino longerand that the sum necessary to carry into«(feet the provision, ol H;is net, bp, and the ismn i* I- reby appropri ated, and shall be paid our of any mom y in the Treasury,not other/, ic apprepriaud. Appmvul— Janiiuy 14, lf!20. IJKBATR OuV\\eZSUssGvvr\ Q.v\taUon tV THK HOUSE or RE I’I! E SE jY T1TIVE S. id it/, January 28. Mr. Br.ii), of Georgia, next atldressH the House. That tiffs was a question deeply interesting to that quarter of the Union whence he had the honor to come, was the only apologv he urged for offer ing his opinion., lo the committee. The subject, (he continued,) is said to be delicate and embarrassing. It is so : and parlicuiarly in one point of view.— ’ The sentiments, to which the heat and ardor of debate give expression, will not expire here, like the broken echoes of our Hall ! They will penetrate to the remotest corners of the nation, and may make an imnresgion upon the black po pulation ol tne south, as fatal, in its ef fects to the slave, as mischievous to our citizens. This is not mere idle surmise. In a professional capacity, I was recent ly concerned for several unhappy beings w ho were tried and convicted for a vio lation of tilts laws, by attempted insur rection. They had held conversations, as the testimony developed, with certain itinerai t Ivadtrs, who not only poisoned their minds, but incited them to rebellion by proffered assistance. Such influence have the opinions of even the most de praved and ignorant white men unon this unfortunate race of people. But the subject is neither delicate nor em barrassing, as it is considered to imply teproaeh, or a high offence airainst the moral law—tho violation of the liberty of our fellow man. Such imputations yet “ Mule 'he touch ofm m ile hand. | “ 1 leu lie the tlttvc* whosi'uigu around,'* and I would hail that day, as the most f ;lorious iu its daw ning, w hich should bo- told, with safety to themselves and our citizens, the black populalion of the U- niletl Stales placed upon the high emi nence of equal rights, and clothed in the privileges and immunities of American citizens ! But. this is a dream of philan thropy which can never be fulfilled ; and whoever shall act, in tiffs country, upon such wild theories, shall cease to bo a benefactor, and become a Uuvtroyer ot the human family. It is said, l-nvcver,1obe high time to cheek the progress of this evil ; and that this may best be done by inhibiting slav ery beyond the Mhj.issippi,atui particu ttioom form of crnmr.tt, that so soon as the importa- government” which the state admitted tion was declared to be illegal, the slave must possess. We must rccieve words merchant would resort to every artifice accord”'''to the intention of those who which ingenuity ur.d avarice cuultl tie- 1 fitter them. And we mustgiveconstruc- vise, for the purpose ol effecting a viola- tion to the constitution, by consiileiift^ tion of the laws. Suppose him to place all the parts «f that instrupuint together, his slaws upon a foreign territory, ad- South Carolina and Georgia were slave- jacenttothe United States. They are holding states at the time the constitution permitted or instructed to pass the boun-1 was framed and adopted, and yet, in its darv,and, *.rhen, within our limits,an us- eve, these were considered to possess *oclntf’''m viiUiay is ready to receive republican forms uf government. 15e- totm. In the possession of this person sides, the right of th.o citizen to possess they are found, and he is put upon his. slaves, is expwssly jccognized by the trial for importing contrary to law. Ife instrument of which we speak. I need defends himself by proving mulibi—by scarcely advert I a the 2d suction of the shewing, as far as negative proof can 1 1st article, wherein tha representation is .... . . ' ‘ * * ... t of jected, that the fact of possession, with the 1st article ; and to the 2d section <,f shew, that lie had in no wise been con- j determined : to the permissv<m to impor cerned in the imporlalion. But it is .ib- until a given period, in the 9ih section o constitution, in tbe capacity of sovereign —i v — -y-. a case bv which it shall appear that tho , »e*v and independent states, and the constr- victjms £ fhig iait 80u $ t a protcc- eminent.’* tutmu is the instrument by which they t|on wWch hc co ' um ' ot wU hhoUl-that 1 T they migrated and were not imported ? What, tlien, is the effect of the United conveyed certain powers to a general government. This is evident, not only from the nature of the government form ed, and in every line of the constitution, but it is a doctrine distinctly asserted in the 9th ami 10th articles ot the amend ments. “ The enumeration in the con stitution of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or dispaiage others retained by the people ; Hnd, “the v il which the legislature was endeavor- powers not delegated to the United in to dest(W - **m H v it not have been to he constitution of the United States is plain and simple ; it requires no su periority of intellect to comprehend its States’ statute, which only prohibits im- dictates ; it is addressed to every under- construction ofi standing; “lie who runs may read.” It pnrtation ? The strict a penal law, will not permit it to reach the case. The result must be, that the luckless Africans are left to the operation of the state laws, and, in all probability, sold as slaves, thereby advancing the e-i “ ■ - - I'ux* by ui “ k* iti • i.'.le wind, which wc reflect not.’* They are “ barbless af rows shot from the bows unstrung 1” The sla states have not brought tills caln on themselves. They have not volun tarily assumed this burthen. Lt v'as fas- j tetied upon them bv the mother country, j notwithstanding ti>e nnv,t earnest en treaties and expostulations. And, if gentlemen were well acquainted with . , the true state of slavery in tlie south, (1 •* - j >j. | speak particularly ot Georgia, tor mv in states !>y the constitution, nor prohibit ed by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to tiie people.”— Hence, it will follow, that tbe several states retain every power not delegated by the constitution to the general gov ernment ; or, in other words, that iu all enumerated cases, the veral states are left in the full enjoyment of tl cii sover eign and independent jurisdictions.— The author of the Federalist, (which work is admitted to contain a correct exposition of the principles of the con stitution,) has said “ that, with respect to the extent of its powers* the government cannot be deemed national, since its ju risdiction extends to certain enumerated objects only, and leaves to the several states a residuary and inviolable sover- ln aid of ere neces- citcd, as a maxim of sound national law, that sov (stray. May guard against such frauds, shifts, and artifices, that the word “ migration” was for which all contend, may la* brought inserted in the constitution ? But the | into existence. And it is perfectly na- meaning of this word is fixed and limit- ‘ tural that this effect should be produced, ed by the express words of the clause in j A search for die philosopher’s stone which it occurs. “ The migration of all mightas soon be expected to end in cer- sttcli persons as any of die states now ' taiuty. existing think proper to admit.” To But it is argued, that Congress has what description of personsdoes the con-' ever imposed restrictions upon new Slitution allude ? But one of two an- states, and no objection has been urged swers ccn.it seems to me, be rationally until this moment. If it be true, tliat returned to this question. The allusion only one condition can constitutionally is either to Africans, who were the nro-, be imposed, itwould seem that anv otli- per subjects of die slave trade, or white er is uuil and void, and may be thrown persons coming from foreign lands. It off’by the state at pleasure. And then this be so, how can the constitutional! this argument, the strength of which is provision be so far wrested from its pur pose, as to be made lo apply to tbe rrmo- cant .unit be paid out uf uny motley in tiie T «nry, not otherwise appropriated.’ Approved—J nmiR i y 14,1820. AN ICTin addition to the “ act making ap propriations for the-kup,>ort oftheNavy < f ihe Lnit'.d (.tali-*, Fr tk'i itarou. thousand eight hundred «ni nineteen.” he il eiu:cted bV t ■'snta'e and Hour.• oj He- a ito'irvT if the United Stu'er of . I ic i a, in t te.fiess mu..hied, Tnat, tiie ndlowmj tan., in » iditioa 1J (l.oie appropriated hv tho art lo v “'- h tl.it U a kjpplemwit, b», ulid Uie luine ':j hereby af., r .printed : 4 or p: y and * u ! f ' f tlxi r ffi i r«, * rl •V of d. v t>'e uen, .wo kundi 8.1 a.,4 * H.ny- >* ro' Lbootfeud die n.i .Hied (l"llhr . ! ' • re k..Hi>, f. rib yr.c tltoniaud f.j.» Suiv- formHlion extends l.ttle tnrther,) 1 am very sure their understandings *\«,t*!• t ac quit us of lim charge wiiieli their imagi nations prefer. An horio:. Sir gentleman from Virgin ia, (Mr. Huiyth.) tcniarked yeslertfay, incidentally, that the debate ot tiie hist session, 11)1011 this subject, occasioned Georgia to inierdirt eiuancipaiiun by .ui act of her Legislature. The honorable genfloinau hao been misinlormcd. The act of 181H, lo vvlii. It he has hIIumoii, v. j-, designed mere compleitly to tarty into eff et theptoticim « "I n law prescribing 'bemaauer A mn .ui'.iitii 4, and vvii'uk I , .. eignly over all other objects.” r’.'T. I this conclusion, if any thing w L H l‘ , L : !.. U L"i^ r yto sustainit.it may be c maxim of sound national law, ereign states can only he deprived of | longer then- rights by yo untwry consent, or by | or> if it rcs ^ L _ cont|tiua‘. it nould seem, i. en, that Jte cause its responses arc involved in Joubt constitution r.iu-t he construetl stnctly,, am | 0 Jjscuritv. whenever the rights of the slate, stiver-1 , , ’ .. , . 1 eignties become !he subject of dispute ;! ' fin ‘ nothl "2 ' nn r re , 0 nft,,nl c \ n n | IZ anti strictly, where t!ie right of personal co'oi^ijle pretext for the proposed res- JP liberty, personal security, or private tnctson. until w. cotne to these words : ^ , . ■’ .. “ Nevv states may be admitted into the *. x pi'op. rty are questioned.' Because the citizen of the United States is the citi zen also ol another independent govern ment, wlmse laws lie is bound to obey, unless, where tnis duty iias been trap - ferred to the general vovernnieiit, by tiie expiesa words ot die . oil. (ituloni use)!'. It it wereolhcr^fije, we should lind the United (Staiescoutitiually cngageii in a struggle with the stutes, to cnlurce die obedience U die citizen. >juch cotiiea'.s, it is tn.-v to perceive, would tiiriiish, ii * / ‘sit i'urfctr > ..... ..... Union.” The single word "may’' is supposed to ba the depository of the ptover so anxiously sought; and, it is said, if Congress cun admit a new state, the constitution being silent as In the condition to be imposed, (he state about to be admitted may be fastened with any condition not specially interdicted by tiie constitution itself. This is a non i.’ju;ttii‘. It is a conclusion moailatne and impotent the f”tiT, as Cgusl. ation ! in direct hostility with) li n'd to It is in fraud of the arts of ee •ion, by which the states conveyed ter ritory 111 faith of the rcwWion of ’SO. And. when recognized by ac(s of I'm,. ‘ ’applied to the f'atc-sformed y beyond the Ohio, h i , the coMtiti'tinb of die V. uqh for tho etliracy of t!’u pfecedant, which, although biu'diiig here, 13 not, it would seem, of obligation upon OI\io,Indiana,or Illinois, or if vou im pose it, upon Missouri. It is not the force of your legal provisions which at taches the restrictive 6'h article of the ordinance to the stales I have mention ed. It is the moral sentiments of tlai inhabitants. Impose it apon Missouri, and she will indignantly throw oft - tin- yoke, and laugh you to scoru ! Vofi will then discover ihr.t you have gumm ed a weapon that you cannot wield——the bow of Ulysses, vvlfich all your efforts catmotbend. The open nr.d voluntary exposuie of your weakness, will make you not only tiie ol ject of dgrihiou at liome, but a bye-word among naliops.—* Can there be a power in Congress to d-j that which the object of the potter ni«y rightfully destroy ? Are the rights iff Missouri and of the Union, in ophnsiffuT to each other ? Can it be possible that Congress ha* authority to impose a rut- triction which Miswiuri, by an aiteraviou of her constitution, uiay almlidi? tii, the course we at e pursuing reminds me of the urchin, who, vt ith gicat o»i« and anxiety, constructshtscard edifice,wlimli tiie slightest toucii may damobsli—tii^ gentlest breath dissolve. But let us stand together upon Ihf basis of precedent, ni:rt upon that ground you cannot extend this rest tic tier. < M Missouri. You have imposed it in _ !lQ ji territory beyond the Ohio, ^kV*n. have never applied it eisewhr^£ * (j;,n 8 ^ c< . Vermont, Kentucky, Lnuijiana,Mix - isV ippi, and Alithtfinr, have come into i| t . Union, wj^rlout -being required <0 m 1 mitto condition inhibiting slavery - navyrfhenever the ordinance of ’87 ha^ berfn applied to any of these states*-tin operation of the fitli article has been sus pended or destroyed. According, tin n, to the uniform tenor of the precedent, let the stales to be formed ot the torrid*- ry without the boundaries of the territix.- ry north-west of the Ohio, »-main un restricted, and in the enjoyment of th# fullness of tlieir rights. Thus, it appears to me, the* poweV you seek lo u-a.inne, is not to be found in the constitution, or to he derived lion; precedents. Shall it, then, without a- v known process of generation, sprit a spontaneously from your councils,' Jj>.^ the armed Minerva from th^-braianf Ju piter ? The Goddess, sir, although of wisdom, was also the invent)ess of w sr ; and the power of your crestiou, al(S:ou< h extensive in - i\« t!imen»ior,s, and ing. i i. ous m its organizavLio, IDtty produce tl e most terrible anti depio*vbi e t-fTrct». \ — sure yourselves,you have i.*t antlidity to bind a state coming into th. f , with a single hair! If ymi hit. I may rivet a chain upon every limb, a4 u ’ ter’ upon every joint! Where then, l ask, is the independence of y«.er sta'e governments ? Do they not fall proMrati, debased, covered with sackcloth an i crowned with ashes bef.ite the gigantic power of the Unfon f They will fro lor. - , wer, sir, resemble planets, tnovjng in or der, around a solar centre, receiving and imparting lustre. They will dwindle to mere satellites, or, thrown from their or- bits, they will wander “like atais cor., detuned, the w iecks of worlds demolis'-v ed !” "I'lie ordinance of ’87 has been call.- 4, an«l is called, in your laws, jin iiTevoo ble contract with the good people be yond the Ohio. Fir, there is a compact ecjually irrevocable, as I think, more so. which governs the destinies of the ex tensive region beyond the Mississippi. 1 mean the treaty of 1803.. hv w hich Lou. isiana was ceded to the United Stale-. This if,, indeed, a compact formed by two independent nations, parties able to con' tract. The ordinance of’t7. was a p;i*iu legislative provision, by which you board your vassal, who could not oppose >oi*v wishes, who was in your pev seanefr'-ufr- ject to your authority. It possesses in*- the force and effect of a solemn treat). The 3d article of the treaty dorian that "theinhabitants of the ceded terri, tory shall be incorporated into the Un ion of the United suites, and admitted as soon as possible, according (o the prin ciples of tiie federal constitution, to the enjoyment of all the rights, advantages and immunities, of citizens of the Uni ted States. * llow are the inhabitants to ho' 1 incor porated in the Union of the United Stales ?’’ Certainly by admitting the territory to which tiiey belong as a state or states into the Union “according to by the Cth section of the ordinance ot’87, j the principles of the federal constitu- inhibited riavery in the territory north- j tion.” 1 confess myself so dull as to be west of Ihe Ohio, and that the states of' able to give no other construction to the Illinois, Ohio, and Indiana, have been 1 words of tbe treaty. Argument is tf introduced into the Uuiou, under this none effect when il attempts to nukr. renrictiou. that which isself-crjder.t still more ap- Sir, tiie ordinance of ’87 had an origin parent, lhese inhabit!... * are to be p!a- perfectly worthy of the end it seems des* ced, loo, iu a political »ita^,.oo, in al ti.led to .. . ..mulish. It had no author- 1 respects euu.it with tint of mr o’..net* several states a republican form of gov- is, tlien, a proof of the absence of" all au thority for the proposed measure—when its advocates, and some, too, of great names, 11 v from clause to scctiou, anil from section to article, without hxing " rest for the soal of the foot;” without finding or agreeing upon any one line, phra/.e, or section, whence this power in precedent, cannot avail. Uniform ity of decision for hundreds of years can- val of slaves from one state to another, not make that right, which at fust was or to a territory—slaves, who are recog- wrong. If it be otherwise, in vain would hized as the objects of property by tbe scienco and the arts pursue their march constitution itself ? Iflhe solemn cove- towards perfection; in vain the con- nant of our liberties can be thus abused, stant progress of truth; in vain the new to be esteemed oracular—, and bright lights which arc daily finding csemble m oracS, it is only be-! (heir way to the human mind, like the rays of the distant stars, which, passing onward from the creation of time, are said to be continually retching our pherc. JUalus units alolendu* e*t. When rur appears, let her be detected and exposed, and let evil precedents be abo- l j lulled. It ri true, that the old confederation, 11 il is the spirit of tl; jt eucueh, that tl .•t; in th Iplisl .. tides of confederation, which .'!'.vvi’iphu*“, wi f h the exception liens. it follows, then, that Hiten. Uie United tiUles l^iinj; Ut; p >wer 4 > •