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INDIAN TREATY.
Aoousrl, September 27, 1821.
Mn*n. Camnk f Hines—-As the people of
Georgia, seem to feel a deep interest in eve-
tv tiling relating to the late Indian treaty, I
deem it proper to forward to you for ptiMi
cation, the following documents, from which
it will appoar that whilst I acted as a com
missioner on the part oftheUniled States, I
kept steadily in view, the interests ot the
State of Georgia, with a cautious reserve, ne
cessary to be observed by all public agents,
who feel, as they ought to feel, the ie«punsi- j
bilitv under which, they are called to act. |
My last letter to the Secretary of War, .
contains tnv views of the subject, and my rea
sons for resigning my appointment as a com
missioner. THOMAS ILOLHNOl.
Cop7 of a letter, from Gtn"rah .Hams and
Mlntosh io General Flournoy.
Indi an Springs, August 28, 1820.
Df. vr Sir—Your name being announced
in tile Georgia Journal with general Firkins ,
States (tho- the sac, dice is verv great) and am . sons hut a small supply of the tu -.miOt rrM . who vents hi-. annno>,.y. fit a newsr.*™’
v ... * _ — * — »• * *' i*.••#»».* The productions Lmpty insinuations avail hothina, to the Jid-
M i' ?, gruiilede ia iue r.*<i fd> tvwwM,
iegisltttuie of 11119 lor tin ii donation of ("Ooq'
not, hut this arrangement w ill fully suit your Stales (tho* thesaerifiee is very great) and am sons run a smaii w P ry u, mamif.-iturel who vents hi
views of the subject. w illing to he held responsible lor my oim eon- ond produce ui Europe
It is hii object with the general government duct, hut I am not V' illing t > he responsible | o( every nation w,. e
to exchange lands west of the Mississippi, for the conduct of olliert, who ore not placed , abundance and low
for all their lands within the ultimate lumtt under the s tine obligations with myself. As | they vveie cu.tivu.tcs. - -- ---- . i . . , ■ . ■ . ' t is two stoi-ies htgn ami uu tour tire ptac>. ; ,i
of Georgia. respects the stare commissioners, they are ; all foreign merchandize was scarce and high. ; and .ntatua.ioii of os heart. A man who , vJl p , httd arid ,' urtlIE hcd w,lb permanent tdi/;
As vou are on the frontiers, and io the ha- | certainly gentlemen of rank and respeotabili- I This was the condition ot things in 1- l a. obeys the dictates n a pure fometeftee "iff- , and se!lU .
bits of friendship with many of the chiefs, Sc j ty, with whom 1 have long been in the habits when the capital and enterprise ot the wot Id < hiring his vtev s, when the oh hgatory d tes 'Ihc Collegiate building is about 120 fc. flor,*
' P --- | 'he .leased ,o eel 1 of friendly intercoorse. It u not the men I ( were let loose by a general peace : tins c.r- j of sell and public .merest require tins course, j ^ wilte . u , 0Wailts o 4 rool:>s ; n \ *»
* * . ... cutnstance was sufficient ot itself, but other is invulnerable to silly invective or round as- 1 • ~ ■
ire consequent! .' in great vantage, of hint from whom, they emalirtrs; i which means a toniTuudioua building, M { t( , t
w, in that country whore lint they recoil .with redoubled iinpr tno'ity I ’’J 1 21 > has-been efccted, m v-hiib from 7,» to loo
c, or manufactured ; and upon their author, and expose the malignity P"P‘ l3 ‘j 80 hi-com ortubly necommodmed. it
,.... .i. ' . • . i e t.. i. .. s ..-iff I »* two stories high and has four tire piai-e,.. ,.
particulaiiy gep. M'Jntos
and wide. It t
their pulse on this subject, and let me know J object to but the principle. I cutnstance was sufficient ot itseit, out tuner is invuineranie to s.uy mveem c or rou.n. as- stories. Each room can accommodate, four
,|,c result Resolved’myself to carry the = When I submitted for vour decision the , causes, almost as powerful, assisted m giving sertion, touching t.io stupidity ami eontrac-•; comfortably and not more; as they mus(
•rinnent into effect, i difficulty which presented itself between the impetuosity to the tide of commerce. Men non ot nts mind. It lie is reo^vygnorantof j have space fur their bedding, tables, trunks and
views of the general govei
Men t ion of his mind.
time’to pay strict different commissioner* I hadnothing in view i who had been almost for a generation idle, his s.ibject-if he has advanced ’untenable ar- j books.'
au'd vneraring ii.tM.tio.. to the interest and beyond the correct ascertainment ofthepow- j or occupied in the various employments ol guments, it is an unnecessary protraction of j r«o of the rooms must be Appropriated to re.
claims of the people of this state, I trust I may j ers of each—believing as I have always done, war, suddenly and without experience, enter
he permitted to ask the assistance of iotelli- | that public
gent gentlemen lor the effectuation of these [ its ol their
desirable objects. j may not
As the agent of Indian affairs will he in- duty on the one hand, or transcend their litn-
stntctcd to make a contract for the supply : its on the other—and I assure" you upon my
of provisions, I have sent the name of the j honor, that when I received gen. Adams’ let-
gentleman vmt recommended to him ; he will ; and when I returned the answer, (a copy of j
therefore call upon the agent,
to the Governor, to furnish
names of the Commissioners
le correct ascertainment ui mu pu»- ••• r—j . . • , i .
I, believing as I have alwavs done, war, suddenly and without experience, enter- an irksome controversy, and an insult to pun- , citation, i
ic men should know the precise lint- ed into a new business; the merchants of the lie judgment, to broach accusations of false- suem to
•ir authority to the end, that they world had become little better than specula- hood against him without entering into the , b ; t tw . ,n ‘
fall short of a faithful discharge of i tors amidst the risques, great profits Si heavy minutiw of Ins arguments, and convincing • u “
. . 1 . 1 . II.. al.ilu 'l-.r.fa mi flip iit-nn 1 iil.Tll iflll:i I I l(l»* PVf*TV Slilf* Ot .1 nil^StlOll llt,U “ 11
the Georgia Journal *mi e”" "" * j |, r j nK forward the daimsofthe citizens of thi
South Carolina, as commissioners appoint- ' > | , ijn ^ (!)C ,,,
losses of war. lie] who"duly’rellects on the everv individual (for every side of a question
importance of all these causes, vvill ho prepar- , will liave its advocates) ol their lallaey and
ed to expect the consequences which follow- ! absurdity.
ed. The vears 1815 and ISilli, yielded large j I’t rsottal slander, without an unmerited
I shall write J which you say, has been transmitted to the ] profits ; we were all buyers, and the pmdue- provocation, should always he avotdetl in
ne with the ; Department of State by the governor ofGeor- . tionsefone country were honied to another; j public altercations, when Irut.i is the object,
ppointed to • gia) I did not know thathe was a commission- ; this general exchange was profitably contin- j Moderation should, it possible, be always ob-
•an irksome controversy, and an insult to pub- j citation, and (wo more, to tl e officers who re.
in the College. This arrangement lca\ ,. 3
t twenty rooms for the reception and reside',, v
studems at this time. The consequence is
number of students arc obliged to I ,V S
pul of the College at present, for want of toon, A
for their accommodation within the w alla; whit h
is a aotirce of injury to the pupil and uneauners
to tile officers, ns they cannut know their con
duct whin so fur (coin their inspection,’’
tif_ - .
H by the President of the United St it
tins room of gen. Fluvd and rol. Taylnr, who
declined serving, to join such other commis
sioners as might he appoint? I by \Ur l.nm-
ti?t nf Georgia to treat uith the Crei Indi
ans for pavinent of proj'erty long detained
Pv them from the citizens of tlti' ftate. we
lians,'aiid request his Ivx-
celluney to take sitcli steps as may he deem
ed proper, to have all those claims regularly
laid before the commissioners on the patt of
ill" United States, m due time.
I shall lie in Milledgevillf
gislature adjourns, where I shall he glad
into this
— , ,, .i,,, ,,,.- , ,,,, i meet von, and enter more at large
anxious to get any, and all, the mforma- | -
give us oo this so’j*< h- LTnit.il I In the mean time, I have the honor to be,
your most obedient si rvant.
THOMAS FLOURNOY.
General David Adams.
He pleased to make the contents of this let
ter, known to general M'lntosh. T. F.
(Xo answer was rereivtd to the above).
tion vnn - - - . .
bo desirous to thr government tlic
States as well as the State of Georgia, and
t!i(< eoinmissioners theinselve«, to (aeihtate
as soon aspnssihle the object of their appoint-
vimt. We therefore request you w ill, as soon
ns convenient, give us such information us
e.lof on this head. It appears
von are p „ , , ,.
io ; : s the mu 1 ' eligible spot for holding a eon
vention for said treaty, would he about MX j
miles fmm the Oaktnulgee, at * hat is know n
Iv the Indian or Mineral Sptmgs, whet,
supplies imiv hr procured with the greatest la-
cility and ease, being in the neighborhood ol
tine slocks of cattle, gi ist mills emit i git nils, and
cverv advantage presenting itsell at this spot,
and it is perfectly desirable to ourselves; and
•w » can have no doubt, hut it will he the most
convenient Spot lor yourself and gen. Ptck-
.ins, and the Indians cannut well start an oh-
iection.
We are, dear sir, with great consideration,
respectfully, your most ^ihe die of stuvanp^
J.M’INTOSli.
P. S. You will please direct any informa-
taon volt give gen. Adams 'if myself to Mon-
ticcllo.
Our effusions should teem with severity only
where a sinister or wicked design is apparent
in the adversary. AMICUS.
Sept. 10, 18 21.
J. M.
Copy of a letter from General Mams to
General Flournoy.
J.tsrr.R Cocntv, August 29, 1821.
Dear Ge.nf.bai,—General M'lntosh and
jjjvsclf urnte to you yusu*nl;iv fuuu tin* uliu-
eral Springs ten miles Iront my house on the
subject of the treaty ; 1 have taken the liberty
to write again to give you my pa I tic it 1 a r rea
son why 1 wish the treaty ordered as quick as
possible. 1 expect to he a member ot the
next Legislature. It the. treaty is not fmish-
e 1 by the first Monday in November next, of
course Irmnot attend the Legislature.—
When the instiuctions reaches yonrsell and
col. Pi :kcns, it is my earnest request that
you would cull the I vliuus together as quick
t, nitty suit your convenience. I presume
your-elf and eol. Pickens will liave the pow
er of saving where the treaty may lie laid,
and at what time. It the place pointed out
by gen. M'lntosh and myself meet w ith your
approbation, I will he well pleased, tor it will
ho convenient to all others concerned, both
■white and ted.
tin the Milijeet of a person to furnish the
supplies fur the Indians, 1 also expect your
self and col. Pickens will have the power ot
making that appointment. I will lake the li-
hcity to mention l-lisha M. Hrewcr nf this
count v, who is well qualified for the business,
.„d i' s verv desirous to get the appointment.
1 am, with duo esuem, vour humble serv't.
DAVID ADAMS.
To General Fi.orr.Nov.
Copy of a Idler fnm General Flournoy to
(!i ntral . IJams.
Avouhta, Septcinhcr 7, 1820.
Cju I have tif honor m acknowledge the
receipt of youu to me mi the subject of the
Indian trejtv ; also .i joint letter limn yuttr-
sclf and gen. M'lntosh.
Considering you as a gentleman of the first
Respectability, and as an old friend, it would
aficid me inttcli pleasure, it I could w ith pro
priety give von all the details vmt ask lor.—
lint m th ■ hsoharge ofa public and confiden
tial trust, I deem it irregular to disclose mat
ters, wh'u-n for a while ought to remain in the
bosoms of the commr-senters.
I must, However, at this time, correct a mis
take "dm h yon seem to I thor under. The
commissioners on the patt ol the United
spates arc not instructed to join any commis
sioners on the part of this state. Col. Pick
etu and itty sellWill act alone, (il 1 should dc-
• .mine t i act) with full powers to treat with
the In halts. You may ho assured however,
that so l ir isruiy inllnence may extend, the
interest of Gcorai.i, will not ho overlooked;
and I am authorised to sav, that col. Pickett
M ill he actuated bv similar v tews.
Re plcasr . . ,
M-lnU a n \ accept yonrsell my best wishes
for v our health andhappinc
iiespCcU'ullv.' "trs k
which no answer teas received.
AuursTA, October 22, 11120.
GF.NTir.MRN—I lately m behalt of the
emmmissioncri appointment by the United
Stole
(eoloml Fir/ r ns and my sell) called upon the
r on the part of the state, nor did I know a- , ued during these years ; confidence, enter- j served I he heart should bo a stranger to |
ivione of them. \ prise and capital, real and fictitious, contrilm- | malice, and should abound with the milk ol
' If vou will he tdeased to apply to the Se-! ting to augment the business of the world, | human kindness. A\e should appeal to the
cretary of State for a second sight of mv letter j and producing, at length, the melancholy re- common, sins: ul mankind, not their passions,
to general Adams, you will find that it was ! verse of the summer of 181 j. The markets Resentment should never supercede reason,
intended as an answ er to two letters, one from j of every nation were crowded v. i.h the pro-
hefiire the Le- j general Adams and general M'lntosh jointly, j ductions ot other countries, and loieigti ,IIU -
d to and one from general Adams individually. I ! ehandize was at a lower price, than it would
again declare, upon my honor, that inasmuch j have commanded at hame. Confidence was
as the joint letter was dated at the head qttar- ■ suddenly destroyed, fictitious capital lost us
ters of genet al M'lntosh the Indian Chief, I j power, enterprise was broken in spit it, the
believed that he was the person who had joined j world was in debt, and rum was inevitable,
in the letter, ami I never once thought of our ! In 1817, and 1818, we were all sellers, and
ow n honest and honorable old general M'In- ! prices fell. Still the debts ol the world wee j
tosh of Georgia. Acting under this irnpres- j to he paid, and property ol every description, ,
Sion, I was totallv at a loss to know how to j real estate, ships, inanulactures and produce, t j lV ol - our f, P „ e ral election was
understand general Adams. The respect ] were s .enticed lor the payment ut these dehts; | ontj o( tl|e I110st ..lerssitut we have had during
« •» and tins tall were sunul.aneous , tlieseil , 0 j., consequence of which the pet”
throughout the world, as well ns the bank- generallv lurne ‘ U oat . The nmnl) ^
rupteies ol loin, and 1819; which mgether, | votes given, in the counties from which we
MILLF.DGF.VILLE, OCTOBER 9.
due from one gentleman to another, obliged
tne to return an answ er. I felt it mv duty tn ,
Copy of General Flournoy's circular, to Gen-
reals .Hams, M'lntosh nod Meriwether., to I be reserved, but attlie same time, I intendedto
be respectful.
I afterwards wrote to Governor Clark—;
copy of which letter you have enclosed mark
ed 1. His answer you have in a copy of hi
to hold a treaty with the X?rcek Indians 1 letter marked 2. On the receipt of this I we may congratulate ourselves that the storm
■ 1 circular to the commissioners of j »s over, and we may once more venture a-
Governnr ofOeorgia, to furnish tne w ith the I Georgia, a copy of which you have, marked broad. We are no longer alarmed with tho
s They do not n
relieved mankind from that mass of debt,
which they had been tempted to contract'by
the great profits on Hade in 1815, and 1810.
Tite year 1829, has brought us some relief;
names of the gentlemen appointed hv this
state, to recta
of the Indian
quested, that In
i inifest a disregard of tlie
fear of bankruptcies; confidence has return-
it »*, M reclaim statin property in the hands j intnust of the State of Georgia, nr of the ed tn an nn l u dse to trade, and will,
the Indians—and at the* same time, 1 re- nit.-1 States. Instructions had been previ- through that, operate on industry of every
oiHv given to the agent of Indian Adairs, to i kind in the country.
make a contract for the supply of rations, and | We arc beginning a series of years, proba
te K ive notice to the Indians, to meet us at ! bly the happiest we have experienced since
the Indian Springs, near Monticeilo, on the | *80t5. As the nations in the world are all
-20th Ileeember next. I now ) niore or less, engaged in commerce, vve
I know of nothing that I liave neglected, I cannot expect so large a share of foreign
neswsxarv to advance the interest of the state j trade as we had, when they were fighting the
of Georgia, or that of the United States. j battles of ambitious men ; but our coasting
i have now, most earnestly to request, that trade is increasing rapidly, and will pertna-
I may he informed (and l pray that mv in- j nentlv supply its loss. We shall probably
structions may be clear J* explicit, w he- j too, enjoy as large a foreign trade as any o-
wonld instruct those com*
missioners to have the claims of our citizens
in a state erf preparation, to he laid before
those on the part of the United State*.
I have received his Excellency’s answer
this dav, by which l am informed, that you
ire the eoinmissioners appointed for the ob-
j-ct al'oresnij. His Excellent y also informs
me, that these claims are in a state of pre
paration to he laid before us.
I therefore hasten to inform you, that we
ve fixed upon the Indian Springs, nearly
twenty miles west of Monticeilo, as the.place,
and the 2()lh of lli-cnuher as the time, when
we will meet the Greek Indians, with a view
to extinguish their title to the. lands lying
within the limits of this stale.
We are hopeful, that a restoration of stolen
property, will forma prominent feature in
the treaty. As it is the purpose o(your com
mission to pay attention to this part ot the
subject, we respect full v invite you to meet us
at tlr.* time and place aforesaid, and that you
"i'l aid us with vour iiitlli uice to effectuate
the two objects, so desirable to the people of
Georgia.
I have, the honor to he,gentlemen,your o-
hedieiit servant.
THOM AS FLOURNOY,
In behalf of the Commissioners of the
United States, appointed to held a
treaty with the Creek Indians.
Generals John M'Intosii,
David Adams, Ik
David Meriwether,
Commissioners appointed to reclaim
stolen property in the hands of the
Creek Indians.
Copy of General Flournoy's lost letter to the
Secretary nf I Far.
A FOUST A, November 1, 1820.
Sir—I have tlie honor to acknowledge
the receipt of your two letters, dated 10th ht
2 lilt Oi toher. I am really at a loss to know
by what Distinctions I am to be guided, and 1
must |ujv vour further explanation of the
subject. In those of the 8th of August, you
commissioners have been appointed by
the State of Georgia, to claim stolen proper
ty of that state under the provisions of the
treaties of Xew-York and Coleniin. You will
enrrespond with them, and inform them of
tlie time, and place, of holding the propo
sed treuiy. You Will rentier them every aiM
which may tend to effect the object of tin ir
commission.”
By your letter of 19lh October, I am in
structed, that “the intercourse between the
eoinmissioners of the United States, and Iters
(meaning Georgia) should he of lire freest
rhaiacter. You will accordingly co-operate
w ith them m the fullest manner, in promoting
to the extent of your powers, the interest
and views of the state, consistently with the
instructions you hare received from this de
partment." This mav ho well enough. I
am willing to confer will) them freely, on all
points that may he consistent with the in-
Ar
(Xo,
THOMAS FLOURNOY
i war received to the above.)
Co - ■ of Gi-ur l Flournoy's second 'utter to
C.nnralMa.ni.
At ut sta, October t, 1820.
Or.AR Sin—When l wrote you on the
7i:i ult. in answer to a joint letter trout vvtir-
s-If and General M'lnto h. dated '28th Au
gust, a.id of your separate lettev of -20th, it
was imp iN-ihle for me to give vou anv i ei-
ructions of 8th August, as far as my sense
i to make my respects to general j of propriety dictates to he necessary and pro
per, by which the same may tend to effect the
object offi'idY commission. But when I am
told by vour# of 2lth October, (covering a ro
py of a letter Imni Mr. Adams to the Gover
nor of Georgia) whie.lt copy emanating from
the War Department, l am hound to consid
er as an order, that it is the I’lcsident's" wish
and intention, t hat th a freest and fullest eo-
operohon hetttet t the commissioners of the
United Slates, and those of Georgia, should
he maintained; an I that the niost unrest rvtd
communications in relation to the trv rrv,
should be m He to the commissioners ofGeor*
t gin, by* those of the United States.” I must
... „ . ! he permitted respectfully to object, that this
t.-in inf irmation respecting the contemplate I I is not consistent with yum instiuctions of t'.th
eaiv with the Creek Indians, ami it would j August, nor with those of lttih October.
m .’l , ;1 ) in-eieuly to have 1 izaided opin- 1 Ii is tint coii- i'tent with tin- obligations I aki
ion- t!i t might be subsequently changed, or ! placed under, to the govermnent ol the Utti-
ctteral go- j tod States. It is not consistent w itli the an- I in the full enjoyment of all the Iqessings of a
| thority contaiuvil in toy commissi,m. It t< j system protecting industry with bounties and
not consistent with propriety or expedience, j monopolies.
It is not consistent with a sound construction ! The causes of general distress throughout
ol the provisions eontamod in the tvc.iti-s of the world are however, paiamount to all le-
New-York am! Ooleram. It is not consist ou * gi,lotion. They ate such as ever have, and
with the rank and dignity ot a United States ] ever will agitate and control the industry of
comitiis.iiinet, to be degraded to n level with a
-talc cfMiitnissionei. The commissioners of the
I'nited Stubs art under high responsibility
to the general gntrnuient; tl:o«e of the state | 1815- Europe had just rested from a war of
act under tti> Responsibility, ami arc beyond I twenty-live rears; the United Stales had
the control of the general government. By | passed through eight years of embargo, re*
reclining to the ti. aties «f New-York ami : strietions and we.r. Dining these periods, the
L'nler.im, it «ill he found, tliat il never was | r.ulustiy of nations had been disturbed and
.■ontt-mpl.it. I, to give to the.'/ife commission- j shackled ; the capital of manki.id waited an
rr«, tie.uv making powers.. Tiieir duties are oppoitniuly, wiien it miglit beset in motion
inti tutaniltut'^d to eiaimintf and r. cuefn/c su>- I w ith security. Europe, hv the restrictions
I i rropi.ru ,bLC. ul Hurt time in the hands ot 1 and uncertainty of commerce, had been
the lujt.uis. J prirt'd in a measure, ol the prodll
with mv colleague,
to h ivi: unfolded the v'lews ol the
vi rinnent, so prematurely.
My correspondent'
s-i' eio! r’iekenS, and the Indian Agent, since
I vrote volt,enables me at this time to »ay to
e.t, t.rat we hava l esrdveil to hold the treat v
at the. place vou have recommended, (the In-
,.»; 3 i, FitringM and tin: tim.t lixod un, i* tlw
•do 29tii of Decem'.ier next.
1 fuund that it "as imptssihlc to have it
c ' vd. -fr'I. a, cording to y ittr stig— stioit, hc-
tlt» fust of Novemiicr, as tit- fmlians
* nl 1 not b - got together till after tin y have
t -lire l their ert . %hioh I am told will not
be ■• .fleer tha.l the liist ol November. 1 !
• j r ,. i- o ri-i;. :t s vou would be a member i
*ncx> !,-■ isliittir*, which will in all pto-
tlier 1 am to be governed by my frst or last
instructions.
If by tin*frst I shall not feel hound to con
sult the state commissioners. That must he
left to mv discretion, i shall not (eel bound
to lay before them mv instructions, or unfold
to them the views oftlie general government.
That also must la; left to mv discretion. I
shall feel mvself authorized to act (in ton-
junction with my colleague) upon my own
responsibility, and be accountable alone, to
the government oftlie United States.
li on the other It mil, the last instructions
are. to govern me, I must refuse obedience.—
I must retire from tlte commission.
1 feel reluctantly compelled, from conside
rations of self respect, to pursue this course.
1 regret it exceedingly—I had rather not re
tire. I have labored mue.lt in file cause al
ready, and have heroine wedded to it. But
it I cannot he permitted to act w ithout being
trammelled with state authority, I must give
it up.
As it is to tie calculated thutthe President
will recall nothing that he has ordered, in
this tegard. 1 expect that this will be colisi
dered and accepted as my resignation. Ol
course 1 shall do nothing more ill the busi
ness (officially) till l hear from you.
If another person is appointed in my stead,
he shall liave the benefit of my labors, and
may take copies of my letters of correspon
dence, and of yourinstiuriions to me, ifdesir
ed. I think this will be highly necessary
and useful.
I have the honor to be, sir, vour nb’t serv't.
THOMAS FLOURNOY.
The lion. 3. C. Calhoun, Stcritary of Ifar.
N. B. An after thought has suggested the
propriety of sending you a copy of my second
letter to general Adams. (Neither of my let
ters have been answered.)
From the whole oftlie matters herein con
tained, the President and ministers of the
state, will judge whether fault rests with me,
or whether the Governor and General Adams
are chargeable
Please pay attention to dates. T. F.
ORIGIN OK THE UENKRAI- DISTRESS.
Arrm the storms of thirty years, which
have shaken the very foundations of indus
try, trade and morals, throughout the world,
mankind have a moments pause ; and seem
much astonished at the consequences of a
sudden relief fionttho horrors and uncertain
ties of w ar.
Wu are in a general calm, hut the delirium
of the fever which is just leaving us, still dis
til: l>s out fancy with strange dreams; each
man undertakes to account for the general
distress, and each one seizes on the circum
stances around him, and ascribes all his mis
fortunes to them; one attributes all to Banks ;
another to want of specie capital; a third to
cash duties and lending the government’s mo
ney to Englishmen; and a fourth ascribes
all to a ruinous system of revenue, which
must he “ radically changed.” What will
all these croakers say, when they look around
the world and find all mankind involved in
the same general ruin? They arc driven to
the conclusion, either that they have not dis
covered the cause, or that every nation is af
flicted with similar evils in government. In
answer to those who ascribe our distress to a j practice
want of protection to our domestic industry, i 1
we may say, drat no nation on earth com- '
plains more bitterly and loudly than England, \
tln r nation.
Indeed, if we could but forget old dreams,
we might believe ourselves at this moment, in
a happy condition; we have a surplus of mo
ney, of food, and of clothes. Let us have a
little patience, and we shall have something
better to do than to croak about the times.
If men would but pay more attention to
these, changes in the world, as natural as day
and night; and trouble their brains less for
discoveries ol fanciful causes and new sys
tems, we should all make better farmers, bel
ter merchants, better manufacturers and bet
ter legislators.
(*?* Tlte following brief essay, which ap
peals as a communication m the Philadel
phia Union, contains so much good sense,
and so exactly coincides without' news, that
we beg leave to adopt it asottr own. We re
quest that it may be read with proper atten
tion.—Kd. Jour.
FROM THE PH1LADEPI.HIA UNION.
REFLECTIONS
Upon a fixe and temperate discussion of pub
lic measurts.
The greatest political and moral blessing
which man can enjoy is the freedom of the
press. The greatest weakness inherent in
him, is that abject servility to faction—that
propensity to accede to popular principles or
measures, which will not permit him to lay
aside the mantle of puerile diffidence, and
publish to the world his real sentiments.—
Every man should assume confidence and
independence in declaring his opinions upon
every occasion, and in opposing every act
which concerns him, however violent, and
numerous may he his antagonists. Every
man is bound, by that principle of liberty
which dignifies the citizen of a republican
government, to span and oppose, openly,
every movement, every public sentiment,
every legislative proceeding which does not
accord with his own views.
The variety of our characters, and the va
rious channels through which we receive
education, render it obvious that our concep
tions of tilings must frequently differ, and that
mankind are opposed to each other on all
questions either of momentous or trivial im
port. Since, therefore, the natural {and ha
bitual propensities of man are often indirect
opposition, it is idle to imagine that any pub
lic measure, oftlie most apparent utility to
the general understanding, will induce a per
fect concuircnce of opinion in the individuals
on whom it must operate. Nor is such an u-
naninuty desirable. However important and
beneficial any pdblic measure may appear, a i
have heard, was greater titan it lias been
on any similar occasion: and the whole busi
ness of the day was conducted with uncom
mon order and decorum The voice oftlie
people, was perhaps never expressed in this
state so fully and so clearly. Tims it should
alw ay s he. As long as all elases lake so deep
an interest in the popular elections, the Re
public is safe—Vigiianrc is the condition on
which liberty is grunted to man.
Wc have not been able to ascertain tin-
state of the polls with regard to a convention.
First named member, is Senator—new
Members in Italics.
lialdwin—Searcy—Fort and Watson,
Iturke—Allen—Scruggs, Jones iy 1’homas.
ISryun—Maxwell—Smith.
Chatham—Harden, Jackson, T.X. Morel, k.
M. Sheftall, sen.
Clarke—Mitchell—Gelding, Merriwether, 8y
T. U. Mitchell.
Columbia—Crawford—Carey, Jackson and
Tankersley.
Elbert—Woods, Morrison,Tate, Christian.
Ema mat—Swaine—Walea.
Franklin—Little—Anderson, Adrian, and
Martin.
Greene—Stocks—Wells, Dawson &• Lonrr-
street.
Gwinnett—Reed—Robertson.
Hancock—Brown—Abercrombie,- Birdsong,
and Biouking,
Hell—Garrison—Bates.
Jackson—Martin—Witt, Cochran,Young.
Jasper—Beasley—Adams, Kenan,Robertson,
and Henderson.
Jefferson—Jackson—Wright, If Stapleton.
Jones—Mitchell—Fhilips, Durr ell, Osborne
and Moore.
Laurens—Bluckshear—Thomas f Horne.
Liberty—Stevens—Baker Ik IFalthour.
Madison—Eberhart—Daniel, Gohlson.
McIntosh—Dunham—Powell f Thomas.
Montgomery—Mr.Ci immun—Featlierston.
Morgan—Mitchell—Danner, Campbell, Leo
nard ti Handy.
Oglethorpe—Parks, Cpson, Townsend, and
Luckie,
Putnam—Adams—Branham,Hudson, Shor
ter andjMontfort.
Pulaski—Hawthorn—Wood and Robertson.
Hiclbmoml—Walker—Glascock, Jones and
Watkins.
Telfair—Coffee—Curru.
Tuiggs—Wimberly—Lawson, Glenn and
Mathews.
Walton—James—Steele.
Warn n—Ryan—Bledsoe, Baker Hi Lewis.
Washington—Irwin—Pace, Glenn aiul Cul
lens.
Wilkinson—Deck—Fairchilds, Si Pearson.
H ilkes—Talbot—Wooten, Campbell, Butler
and Pope.
We are happy to state that the ship Fabi-
us, Foote, in which John Forsyth, Esq.
our Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain, took
passage, has arrived at Cadiz, all well..
J; a/iicun Gazette.
The Charleston Courier states, that the
fust article of merchandize landed at the
Prince Regent’s Dock, Liverpool, (which was
opened for tlte first time on the day oftlie
coronation,) was a hag ot Georgia bowed Cot
ton, from ship Dromo, Captain Pollard, from
Savannah. It was marked (diamond) 2,2c.
:!q. 18lb.aml was hailed with three times three
from file surrounding spectator.
(t/^ Amid the confusion that prevails in
discussion of its merits .should he encouraged, ! «''* politics of this state, the genuine patriot
and an exposition of every diminutive objec | , linls " ' J 1 ^ e kght to such a subject as the Coi
tion should he fairly made. I lo ' vin «' II » a s ' J " r , c , c ll >8‘'est gratiltoa-
One individual is as imperatively called | t,on ,u " s V' at our Allege, is going on pros-
upon to promulgate his dissentient opinions j l H ’' n 8 arl< *° b r05 ! ,< ' r '
upon any public act, and the cause winch in- . M °” :B ' h ' 1 ?"»•?«“. w »>o a -
stigatcd them, as another is to manifest his ?" “ JT* “ Uel ’
most cordial approbation. They are boll, in- j alorzo Cuimci,, AM. lVofe.»°Jr of
terested, and their efforts all tend to one
sirable end—the people’s benefit. There are
but few public acts ofa general nature that
are wholly unexceptionable, and an early
knowledge of their defects will afford oppor
tunity to remedy them. The theory should
be well considered, before it is reduced to
man ; and at times, sweep over nations with
the shock of a whirlwind.
Let u- look at the eonditir
1’rofeiior of Mathe
matics and Astronomy.
Rev. Joseph Wallace, Professor of Lan
guage’-
James Tinsley, M. D. Professor of Chemis
try and Natural Philosophy.
Alexander II. \l xbstkii, Tutor and In
structor cl ilie Freshman Class.
In the present Senior Class, there are ten
members.
Foil THE JOURNAL.
The annual meeting ot the Muieptn Mission
Society, commenced its session at Vann’s Creek
Meeting-House in Elbcit county, on Friday the
fid of August instant.
The object of ibis .society in its formation
was to sen-1 the Gospel to the Cherokee Indians,
MisMonaues have been sent toour tronlieti, and
as occasion offered, into the Nation ; which lus
paved tlie way for a school, hi this manner
the prejudices and jealousies of ilie Indians have
been so far overcome, that tiny are not only
willing hut desirous of having a school union.-
them Their consent being thus obtained, ej'-
ertions were made to procure a suitable teacher
wi ha site for the school and the necessary tniil-
dings, nil of winch has liec.ti accomplished, and
the.scbool put into operation about the middle
of last April.
lirolher O’llviant the teacher, is a man of la.
uiily, partially acquainted with die Cuerokee
lunguugt, of iuio.it) e disposition, good m';r;,|
and icligious reputation, and is u licenced
preacher
file school committee reports,—“We have
visited the school consisting of twenty-four nu-
lives. With peculiar pleasure, vve heard them
spell accurately by heart tn different parts ot the
spelling book, and consider tlmt brother O’firt-
uut has ftiitlilully discharge 1 his duly iituung
them. IVut our l»cacts were filled with grief
when vve. saw some of the poor little creatures
wrapped in hunting shiits, without any other
clothing—and vve were uuluctd to believe that
ifour lirethreu and sisters were made acquaint
ed with their situation, and the probability of a
number more attending the school if they had
clothes, their hearts would be warm, and their
hands ready to help.
“ The wile of a quarter-blood Indian, and two
blackvvom.-n, have been buhtiz d upon a pm-
fessit n of their faith. The administration of
this ordinance was solemnly attended to, with
strong inai ks of approbation We ascertained
thaf a number,came nearly twenty miles to meet
ing, having sloped (Indian fashion) in the Wood*
and took tiieir tireckfnst. The word preached,
broke up the fountain of tsars, and caused a
shaking among the dry bones—and vve were all
ready to unite in the solemn petition—“Let the
whole earth be full of thy glory—Amen ajrd A-
uien!
“ l’ermit us dear brethen, before vve close
our report, to offer a tribute of pruine to our a-
dorable Redeemer, who 1ms mercifully support-
ed oa and enablid us to undergo with pleasure,
all that has been laid upon ns, and we confident
ly believe he lias been with us, not only ut our
meetings in the Cherokee Nation; but a door
has thus been opened tn preach Uig unsearchable
riches of Christ, to a great many very destitute
iimnurinls on the frontiers i whose houses have
he.cn opened to us, their tables spread, and thr-r
hearts deeply effected with a sense of their lost
estate. •■ The Lord hath done great things tux
us, "t hereof we are glad.”
Thus it appears that five yeat s of preserving
labor has eventuated in laying a foundaiion lor
future usefulness among our red neighbors.—-
Thi* society has waded through difficulties and
oppositions from within and without: awnut of
faith m manyffo tdive the work practicable, t(H
gi-ther with the pressure of the tunes, has caus
ed tile society heretofore to receive but lit-.ls
pecuniary aid. Having attained to vvlmt we
conceive an important iioiut, we arc encouraged
to jpersevere in the use of all lawful mcaut to
sustain the grouud we have taken. A failure
now will blast all that Iras heretofore been done
—and that too at a time, when the field, “ all
white, ready for harvest” is brought to view.—
We take encouragement from the belief that
the hearts ot all men are in the hands of him with
whom we have to do ; on whom we depend ;
and to whom we look in faith. Surely wlieu tho
held of useful action is brought to the door, the
work so important, and so practicable, a failure
will not he experienced. Let it he remembered
that not one of the human family have any tliirg
hut what they hue received front HIM, who,
“ oj one blood hath mule ad nations"
Articles of clothing ready made or otlie; wi«e,
as well as money, will be thaukfudy received
and faithfully applied We noticed with pecu
liar pleasure in the t reasurer’s account, a dona
tion of b50 dollars from the Female Mite Socie
ty hi the vicinity of Athens May they be e»
warded abundantly in their own souls, in addi
tion to oar grateful acknowledgments for this \e>-
ken of loro.
1 he ollieers of the Board for the current year,
are elder Fham Goss, President; James San
ders Treasurer : Charles J. Jenkins Secretary ;
H Posey, I, Meeks, ,! Sandsdge, J David, J Em-
hree, D Dupree, and U Stamps, Trustees. Any
donations placed in their hands, or in the hands
of J Mercer, M Reeves, E Shackelford, A Sh-r-
wood, J Pentield of Sarannah, Joshua Key of
Augusta, nr Hr. J .1 Jenkins near Louisville, will
be received hy the society with thankfulness,
and will doubtless be a sacrifice well picas tc to
the Lord.
Every institution having for its object the a-
meliqration of the condition oftlie human l ,nii-
ly—it is to .dly hoped, will feel tlie fodinug
hand of an enlightened anil bnppv community.
CHARLES J. JF.NK.INa, Sec'ry.
Every individual is endowed with.an ex
pansible intellect. When this intellect is
improved hv experience and cultivation, he
is capable of lor tiling a reasonable estimation
of the conduct of his fellow-citizens. One
sentiment throws light upon another. Every
man’s ideas, therefore, are of some impor- j o„ my arriva | herc a , it „ e mofe )Un (wo
lance, and are worthy ol being eommumcat- yearsmuce, there were altogetlier, 1 believe se
ed to the world; and, if worthy ot being made | ven students in the College, several of whom
known, they deserve a respect thh reply, should were not attached ta any rt gular class; at pre-
tliey le incorrect, and should any person he j sent, there arc niuety.fi ve, all of whom belong to
I disposed to controvert them. But when the ; the four rt gular Collegiate Classes. In the
f the world in I main argument is passed off with an affected j Grammar School, when 1 came hither, 1 found
sneer of contempt, and the vv riter is condemn- ! pupils and one tutor. In it at present,
ed fur principles he never professed, they ar- ; there are upwards of seventy pupils. F.uene-
in- i ZEU Newton, A. M. and yjr, Mosn
In the Junior Class, there are twenty-eight
members.
In the Sophomore Class, there are twenty two
m< mbers.
I i the Freshman Class, there are thirty-five
members.
L.udiy i lyuirn !u
sl.ai v ijti!self an. 1
jto'dii » i-fi to !--■
-r V;isi'
tl-.i 2itili of Deceit.! - i,
. of fito members " It
t i itv, would h:iv un
\ vii-r bavin; attend-
s legislators. J d - ) iV
Mosi t W. Dun-
ui.xs arc the present able »nd faithful tutors.
I rum the Grammar School or Preparatory A-
FOR TIIE JOURNAL.
To the impartial and unprejudiced Cilizeiis
of Georgia,
la the Republican of the 12th inst. I observe
from extracts made from tbe Georgia Journal
of the 28th inst. “ Elucidates in part the iwste-
pious application of the lo,000 dollars drawn
fenn the Treasury, hy a warrant from Ida ex
cellency, In favor of the State Commissioners
appointed for the purpose of representing m ire
particularly the.rights of our citizens, at the ate
treaty held with the Creek Indians, at the In
dian Springs 'The proof in support of the ad
vancement of the 50u dollars, to Peter Donald
son, hy the State Commissioners, for his servi
ces in watching Gen. D Id. Mitchell, pending
that treaty, coines from so unqueelionab e a
soursc, that scepticism Itself cannot doubt it,
it is no other person than Gen David Adams,
>kc fee.” As Mr. Adams is villificd, lie will
make his own defence. I believe itfilie! For
my own part i pledge my veracity that 1 never
directly or indirectly bad any conversation vvitn
Peter Douablson but in thecapacity foccjpieJ
as a publican, nor did I ever speak to him on
gue strongly that either lie who opposes is in
capable of vindicating his cause, or that the
cause itself is too weak to admit of an nnso- , . , . . . , ,„ ...... —
phisticated defence. j u/’.u . ". lS al,< ? » >lac ,* d und “ r 1 U1 > d,rct - ! *he «uhj t ct of Indian Treaty or any otite.- sub-
Wlteti a writer opi-nfv and sincevelv do- j t'w ru, eeS| l ° u . r ,° * le present: ject that required confidence or secrecy- As 10
dares his opinion to the world upon a point uieucemcut of the "m*. ni T*-,* V, J' 6 coni ' , employing hun to watch Mitoliell, if I ha-J
dbecude- oftlie utmost importance, shook/he bi-Vtig- “ ^ ' S ^ ,eb"s 1^’ llT ° °f ^ k "‘ d
net ion< nf J matized with the epithets ofa fool ami a stu- Lory to tne College mud. rh mloil. ta* . L /w ' feA‘ei.-r«'«'rred wy own observation; 14
i h ii . ■ d enott; b tn’giv.- y on ipv view s of ' A-u and the Attiericas : and, on the other , pid blockhead, because they may not roues- and will be accurately initiated into an acquain-' ”aVl»X'"ff ^bil\dX- L \,'!t C 'tTrr!-el U Vil **•
fin 1 am willing to set > ■; the United li mJ, tlicse epunUies !«fi, h-r the same tea-j uond wifi) those of every petulant quibbler | tat.ee with the Ugmeuts of a datsicol education. 1 ebusei) because hg koo’ws full w«ui did not h*.