Newspaper Page Text
?»js llonnial.
•11L LEDGE VILLD, MAY £1, 18-7.
• ,,ii any government to DnJertak::.
tVt must be content therefore, logo oti in the
old way, or to abolish the system altogether.
it the existence of Banks he an evil, it is
an evil so closely connected with all the
transactions of life, that It is now next to an
impossibility to free ourselves fiom its oper-
wbicb Joes violence .o bom lot ieiier a..(5
the spirit of it.
2. It is an act of partiality and injustice,
to our apprehension, to make a distinction
between claims for property taken away,
and those lor property destroyed.
3. The gentlenx n who were engaged in
fact.” A sentence of acquittal was accor
dingly entered.
George Williams, who was included in
that o! b.eat oat reckless bravery—an to
difference to the means, provided the end can
I he obtained. In 1812, he succeeded in form-
the same indictment, but had not been put on | ing a body of GOO, French soldiers, prison-
Ins trial, because he was sick and absent , ers of war, and making them fight, and des-
when the trial commenced, was then acquit- i perately too, for him, and against their own , , wit5 Know
ted as a matter of course ; lor a single person countrymen. This single trait paints vi- admired by the world, as the able ai d'* 3 '
I mu. L..giiA
bied, March 1, 1823, in Stafford Ho
S , .^2L*J"-c Ann .*« J cl,(re, wife Of W
Radcliffe, Esq. bairistcr-ai law’ and late
anon. Perhaps allthat can now be done, bringing forward these claims at the treaty, cannot be guilty of a conspiracy—Indeed vidly the character of this extraordinary he- nious authoress of some of the b„., " se
, . . .. •- e ' .1. .1 .1. .I... a . .. J I 1 I. ir«n n rw4 elmtur • ./I tL.S cm U . . rO|ll»n,
vii w of the sufiject, Mr. Earle nf I’hiladel-I 1- In audition to this declaration, made ble light than that of the other two traver
pliia, has published a pamphlet, in which he by these gentlemen, since the conclusion of sers, and it is therefore highly probable that
presents a project, that, if < ar'icil into cxe- toe treaty, we have a full and unequivocal had he been pul into his trial with them ite
He is now at the head of 12,000 men, whose country, have been translated into ever - r
manners and way of living resemble more ropcan tongue, and reed every where^ ,
those of banditti than regular troops. With enthusiasm. Her first work was AlhV " Ul
the slender provision for each of these sol- Dumblaine, her second The Romance^'a
cution, would, according to the opinions of j expression of thtir view of the subject, at the would have been satisfaeforiiy acquitted. diers, of a cake of chocolote, a Imnch of Forest, and her third the Sicili,
those who profess to br juHgcs in such tiMt-
uioment when they were mgnged in the There is a peculiarity in these trials which
ters, I.iy prostrate all the noxious privileges i transaction, in their relinquishment to the requires explanation. There is a law of tiie
of cluttered companies and open, at the * Creek Nation of “ all and tvtnj claim, and state passed nine or ten years ago, by which
tiici9y ui ci i fine ui euueuioie, a uimcn oi rvrcsiy aim uer miru tlie Sicilian /?*
garlic, and five or six segars, lie inarches them • which established her fame as an °?f ncp ’
up when occasion requires it to the top of a and original writer. Her next mod °F* Ut
bare and frightful rock, where they remain published in 1793, was the famous ^ U ° n
saute time, an avenue to an augmented cir- < claims, of whatever description^ nature., or persons indicated for any crime whatever, motionless for 30 or 40 hours, until the pa- rics of Udolpho, for which the'llob^ 5 ^
;y, and an increase ; hind the same may he, which the citizens of may on the plea of not guilty, submit the tience of their enemy is tired out, they then gave her £lOUO, and were well reoa'H^r^
dilation of sound currency,
to the mass of active and real capital. These
aie results, of immense impfu lance to socie
ty, and aie to he produced, by permitting a
fite competition in tanking. Mr. Earle
proposes that all who apply to the proper
authority for charters should icceive them,
under the fwlloumg restrictions, viz :
11 Thai responsible suielh ", in a certain amount,
he given die stale tieasnrer, ui other suitable ofh-
• • r, lor the faithful disrliaiire of the debtsot the
hank, and the pcilumiunct ol the duces iccjuiied
ot it.
*' Z. That no director have loans from the hank,
at urn time, to an amount f*realei than one hall the
liar value of hi* Mock; and that no stockholder
have loans exceeding the par value i*f hi" slot k.
‘‘•h I hat the pi ivale propert> of the directors
[stockholders] he liable for the payment of all notes
oft lie bank, oi foi a certain specified pioportion
of them.
“ 4. 1 li.it discounts shall not he made beyond a
certain ratio to the capital, nor any notes issm d
when those alieady in eudilation hear more than
a certain proportion to the specie on hand.
“5. That eight'on per cent, annual interest lx
allowed to the holders of notes on which specie
payment ha* been refused.
<». 'I hat no dividend he made while specie pay
ments are suspended.
il 7 '1 hat no dividend exenedinc the rate of se
ven percent per annum he at any lime made , lint
il tlie profits exceed that rule, a liiud may he ac
cumulated to he divided on the expiiutiun ol tie*
t hai ter
“ U. I hat the direr tors he liilule to fine for any
infraction ol the charter.
“d. 1 ii.it an annual otf'SHiui-annunlstateinent lie
made, by the ollieers o f the hank, under oath or
affirmation, speetl v mt» the amount of notes discoun
ted for dircdoiM, the ainouni lot stockholders, ami
that tor all other persons ; also, how much tttoi k i"
held hv dnectois, what notes are in ciirtiluiiou,
and what specie is mi the vaults; and whether anv
iulractioii ol the charier has conic vO then knowl-
edt»e.”
Mr. E at le anticipates the objections wIn. h
are likely to he urged a gam.si ibis plan.
They aie arranged under the following
heads:
“ I There will be too much money, !>y grnutiag
charters to all.
‘•2. Speculation will he toe much fobtcrctl,and
the value ot property w ill In* unstable.
44 J Persons will obtain loans who ought not to
have them.
44 4. Banks w ill fail, and the. holders of their notes
w ill suffer lot.3.”
Georgia now have, or may have had, prior cause lo the court, instead of the jury. The descend, like famished vultures, into some their speculation, the work being univ n’ r
to the yeai 1802, against said nation.” \ court then proceeds to try the cause on the miserable village, where they regr.le them- sought for, and many large editions ersa y
These considerations aie to us satisfactory | evidence, as a jury would do ; except that it selves with oil soup. You cannot have any sold. Having been incorporated hv MrsR-
that the treaties piior to that of 1821 ought I decides by a majority, instead of requiring idea of the nauseoustiess of this compound, bauld, into her edition of the British
to have nothing to do with these claims; and j unanimity as in case of jury trials. This Yet when the Spanish soldier lias obtained ists, and being, in that or other forms °' e ^'
that every inun who has lost property, law had hitherto been confined in practice, his fill of this horrible potage, be considers cry library, it would be superfluous ’ ln ? V '
whether il may have been futlively or open- to petty offences ; such as assaults, nuisan- himself resiured and nourished for the next place, to enlarge on its transceadant 1° • S
ly taken away, or wantonly destroyed, is ecs, obstructing highways, &tc. Mustpeopln three or four duys. To men so fed, or rath- Hypercriticism alone can detect its
deally entitled to iiideiunifti aliou—piovi have been under the impression that it was er so starved, the sight of tiie French sol- The denouement is not considered bv
ded tlie fact of his loss is ideally established, so confined 111 Us terms. It is, however, gen- tliers, with their well furnished havresacks ny persons as a justification of the Idol, !!!*!
Similar views, we are assured, have been | <
urgently pressed upon the President, but . it, to escape from a jury to the court,
without success, by tlie Governor, whose
zeal in the affair is f ui ly commensurate with
its importance. W'e do him no more than
an act ol simple justice, when
we believe no topics calculated 1 _ _
whole business to a speedy and equitable ail- | which have not been explained, be disappear- they seem to live upon air-
jusliflent, have been Idt, by hint, unagitated. ed when the evidence in the first case was- —[Liverpool Paper.
ters. Besides the pleasure of killing an en- 1 Mrs. Radchllc’s object to show how
super-
It is probable that tlteie will be a full re- enty, and above alia Fiench one, lie will stilious feelings could feed on circuit ’
port of this and the other cases with the evi- find three or four days’feasting in the dai- cos easily explained by the 01 dtnarv
deuce delivered in each. A reporter was ly ration of a French soldier. Such are the of nature. This object she attained th° Ur ’h
we say, that j employed, to take down in short hand tlie steely stomachs and habits of privation oj it disappoints the votaries of sune iq-
i to bring tiie | evidence and arguments; but foi reasons the men—or rather human cameleons, lor and in some degree, iiritates the cm ,Jll ‘
:...ll» ...I lulitol. lv ...A ../Sl lv/, n r. 1.« . I tsMO-i llinu iflam tr. I..IA .I, n . XT ... I. .1 . ~ r _ I • I n I .. expecta-
finished, and has not been seen here since.
* "/i" l ' 10 ' V'* 1 kunim Post | Tiie notes of tlie cuuusel however, and other
I lie following concise report of a late pro- j written docunienls, with the opinions of the
reeding nl a Gouri of Law in the state of ■ J u »|ges t il is believed will supply all the no-
.vl.11yland, contains a perspicuous history ol , C(!Svir y „ lat eiials for a full repo.t.
lacls that cannot lail to excite the astonish
ment and indignation of every honest man
wlio reads it. An indictment was regularly
found by a grand jury, at a previous Couit,
against three persons, viz :—A. Buchanan,
James VV. M’Culluh, and George Williams,
for a tiial todeliautl the Bankal the United
Slates.
BANK TRIALS.
Liiract nf a litter to the Editor of the Hai
ti mu re Full nil Republican, daltil
Bki.ue Am, April 11, 182.1.
“'The opinion of the comt was delivered
to-day by Judge Hanson, in live case of Bitch
•inun and M’Giillull, which has been su long
on ln.il, lie pronounced it to lie (he opinion
of die couit, Judge Ward coucuiring with
him, that the iraveisers were not guilty, “ in
law or in lad.'’ These were his wotds.
Judge Huisey, the chief Judge, then sla
ted dial it was his misfortune, as on a former
occasion, 10 dilfei in opinion fmm Ids asso
ciates; and that he thought it ids duty to
state tiie grounds of his dissent. He then
proceeded 10 state, with gte.it perspicuity,
| iullness and tun e, Ids views of the tacts and
The discussion of these points, is said to I ll,e l ' ,w ol ||,R oase, as they appeared in the
he ably conducted. We Imve not room to
enlur at laige into it ; neither have we
tlni inclination, believing, as we do, that no
uoiupeudiuiii could ho given, that would lie
sdlislactiiiy to the reader. We me content
to copy the lolluwiug observations, in rela
tion tn tlie diidciiliy of piucuring directors
under thepropused resiticinnl, whereby their
pnvate propei ty is made responsible foi the
debts of the baldi,
1 It uni v hr si id (hat Miit.ilile pei sens will not nr
evidence and the indictment, lie shewed
from the indictment that the iraveisers stood
charged with conspiracy, fraudulently, and
by means of false pielenees to cheat and
impoverish the hank, by takirg from its coff
ers, witmun the know ledge of the Uiiectors,
and by indirect imam, fifteen hundred
llioiisaiid dollars, with intent to keep and list'
| it two months, without paying interest, and
| lie shewed by the evidence that on the 12th
i of November, 1813. (hey had actnaliy taken
|)l the office Ul' Director, il ili' ii pm an-property 1 fHieon hundred and forty thousand dollars,
tin ir
aile liable lo be luki n lor the bank debts, m i
ease ol iiiib.ii.in.igeiuent ; but acliiw, with fidelity
would kc'ciiic tbi-iii bum all nsk. Those who are
elected must be uiuii o''property and distortion, mu
KUguged .n lei/iitiloiis enterprises ; and then each J
Dnccioi wilt have j, sulliciciit auaraiitec ol’ ids
s ilciynn the characterand re-sponsihilily in die rest.
Hill even were u otherw ise, still so long as a b.lllk I
was e-onihicled aecouiini; to (lie rules piopnsv I, it
could ne\er lose more limn Us whole cnpital, nnd
il is only a loss ol mure than die w hole w'liii h w ould
involve the private properly ol a Dircelor. Il a
nirinoer ol the iroaul shonid ai any nine tind Ins
lleapues disposed lo tlisi egard me obligations of
barter, he might wuhdiaw hintsi'if, and
evpose ilieir eomlit, l, before the capital could lie
aiiniliilaitd lin* proposed piovisinn, llieief.ire,
I'ouid ileler no liouesi iii.ni bom accepting of the
office.. 1 am informed dial a regulation nl (he him
exisis m Klniile Island, w here no ililtieully is found
in me ohtaiiiiiig ol propci directors.''
Mr. Earle concludes *iih tlie follow ing
observations. Tii« r<»ader will take them,
lordlier "Bh all that wo have alica.l) 1 quo
»«(J lor wh.tt they aie wuiili.
I lion^h I advocutp free conipi tiliori in hank-
1 "4* B»t» ^DMClal 1II t\ |t 1111' 111'\ ot i|lloUI|l« ;;
Ki.it*h* iiiitividu il to i>htn- h.uik ihuvn is ndiminul, lot
tin piiblio has h hcciuitv in the n»so« intion and
J°i*B •“‘ting o! a niiniht’r ol iii'liviiiunls, unit fh.it
rliara' lcis and foitnuvK at stake, whirhit could
not olliciwisc It may often t»«* found that
a person will *innl\ uoiinnil a fraud, hut if i" iai«*h
kiio\Mi that a number of persons, associated, no:
simple ot ilo.ii accord, but b> die election oi otlieis,
will allNominee in act of pal|>able difdionailt}
1 would, liieieloiu, retpiire a ton^ideralde ntimbc
«»l uiicctois to every bank, -iihI would lia\c tiie Ic-
!'i"Umre impose what conditions mav be thon. lit
tit,butt*rant incorpo . lion toah u ltou ili cotnp<<t u iti
tut** co/I"uions. It It he wished to raise a rexenue
from banks, u t a bonus of live, ciyltf, or ten per
cent, be demanded, but ^ive cl.artered piiviicues,
[i/f this case no pricilc"»•',] to all who clioosc to
pay that bonus. Lkt rm. oniot s systkm ok mo-
NOFolnsUI SCOT I’LD IhuM 111K LKg IsL At luK
or A 1 Ki.fc FilOFLlb.'’
VC?* Indian Claim*.—Those,interested i«
ihtx matter are relcited to the advertisement
in relation to it, m auotiier » ulumn. T li«*sc
wba.se claims liavfl not been admitted wilt
find therein specific instructions as to tin
manner in which the deficiency of cviueiioi
is in be made up.
i ne course that has been pm sued bv those {
ompjoyed at Waslnngton 4'tiv m exanunm^
Mini deciding on tnese claims is in it* Miit;n
Ur, and, in uur apprehtnsion, unamliorizerl
by tlie woids ot tlie iiemy conciuiled at tin |
Jndun Springs m January lbwl. \V hatr vet j
ambiguity may be about previous treaties |
tl.ere ceilainlv is none about llut ol lbil. j
Tiie vvoids ot it aie:—
-I he Commidsioncnt of Gi-orc in execuiin? to
the i reek Nation a lull and final reliiii|iiisinu«Mit
ol all the claims of the citizens ol Geoi^ia a^amsi
tlie Creek Nation, lor propeilv taken ordesuoyed,
prior to the act ot Conti ess ol legulaliuu Uic
intercom&e with the Indians.”
Under tins treaty, die ■ laims have been |
tefotred to (tie exuintnutiun of persons ,ip
put tiled by the PreanletiL These pet son' >
have reduced the claims to dillerent classes
according lo me treaty under which they
severalty lull; and lit Some instances, their
validity lias be*n tested by iltese previously
existing treaties. For example: in the no
ttce on nut subject winch wt publi.it to-day,
j :>U0, pan ot il,e claim of Benjamin Huw-
atd, sen. t, rejected, because it is for a house
and itit nuure tlc-sttoytd. V\ e know of ano
ther case wheie pail ol a claim has been te-
jected be. jU'. it w hs lor tKgioes kills <1 by
tlie Indians. Tlie claims lor this propeitv
cannot be allowed, says tlie C'oiintiissiuner,
because lbey tall under the tieuty of Augus
ta, which piovuics lor me restoration only,
ol propcity taken away, and does not con
template indemnification lor llmt destroyed.
We object lo this mode ot pioceoding un
der tlie tieaty uf 1821, becuuse:—
1. I' £!'cs a omauaicn i* litis tre"s’
by their own air.i’oritv, under pietenee nf a
pledge of slock wltir.h did not exist; that the
l whole of the interest, and a very large part
i of tiie principle remained unpaid, and was
j entirely lost to the Bank, by entries calcula
ted to convey the idea that stock to (lie full
) amount at par, was pledged lor tiie re-pay-
I ment, which was absolutely false,* and mat
whentlie mother board began to suspect these
mal-practices, anil called for accounts calcu
lated tn bring (beau to light ; their authors
the Travelsl-is, made a lake entry in the
Bunks uf the Bhiill, and piesented lalse state
ments lo tiie luotiiet Boaid, m older to con
ceal them.
lie then shewed further from the evidence,
rh.it in Januaiy 1813, allot tins allciatum oi
the Books, that at a time when those persons
in conscqnonce uf the fall of Bank stock, in
w hich they had speculated to tlie amount of
linn millions nf dollars, were insolvent lo the
amount of neai ly or quite a million,and miisft
have known themselves lo be so; they took
limn the Biancli Bank under pretence uf a
loan on stock, tlie further sum of thirty one
thousand dollars, lor which they did not in
fact pledge any stock whatever, and had
none, to pledge, and in taking n Inch they ill
recily violated a positive older of the moth
er Ro.trJ, recently made with refei^uco m
dial subjci t.
From all this, Judge Dorsey concluded
that the charges made in the imliamtiit, as
correctly umleistood, were fully suppuited
by tiie proofs; and that conscqiieniiy the
iravnrseis were guilty “in fact and in law.”
Judgn llanson then delivered die opinion
of himself and Judge Ward, or lather the
leasOus lor their opinion, which as they
were a majority, made die judgmeul of the
Court.
fie did not deny or question any ol the
lads stated nr Judge Hoiscv, as having been
proved; lint ne drew from ihem different
conclusions. Tne p.uties he said werecliarg-
ed by me indicluieut, w till having taken till'
money liaudiilendv', with intent to keep it
two months, wiilioiil paying interest. Tins
intent theiel'ore was a material pail nf die
charge, and must be pioved. But as they
had ciia.gcd themselves with die loans, in
me books of die Bank, at die time wnen
diev weie uken, and l.ad then a prospect of
being able to repay puncipul and interest, il
ippeared that they uid then intend to repay
principal and interest; at least du te was
j Homing to prove the contrary ; and their
j subsequent disappointment, bv die failure of
j their speculation, and thtir consequent ruin
could not convert that into a crime, which
was nut one at the tune of doing it.f He
took no notice ot the breach ol trust, express
violation ot duty, or the false pielenees,
which accompanied tlie comg of those acts,
and uy means ol which, indeed, they were
edected ; and so to tiie lalse entries in the
books, fcc tothr lalse statements tnjwhich these
persons resorted afterw ards, for the purpose
ot concealment, he said that they could make
no dillereuce in die case, since toe act w as to
be judged ol by die views and intentions with
winch it was originally done, and not by any
tiling dial happened afterwards.
Of the $31,t)o0 taken hv those persons
fioin the Bank under pretence ot a pledge
of Block, winch they neither made or had
it in their power to make, and at a time when
“I. appeared from the evidctiee .is staled 1 iv Judge
Horsey and admitted on all bands, llmt all the stock
which these persons ever hail in the Brunei) Bank
at Baltimore was 25,a8 shares ; wliieli al 12b per
shale amounted lo $229,7o0, and would ol eourse
cover that sum, al the share : Thai they hud
1Ii,2.j0shares in die Parent Bank, die whole of
which was there pledged al par, and part of it. lo
the number of b2li l siiares, at 2j per cent, above
par: licit consequently there remained but lo,02fi
shares, un which they could lake further loans at
this rale, the bight si that over was allowed by lire 1
regulations of the Parent Bank, to be discounted
on slock, by the Boards ol the Brandies; lo w hich, ,
and uni lo the olTneis, this power was expressly'
given; That 2j above par on these 13,1)28 siiares,
amounted lo no more than $226,GoO ; which being
added in $.129,760, tlie amount of all their stock in
die Baltimore Uiuuek, at $l2u per share, made a
total of onlv $845,000 being die w hole amount of
all die slock in their disposal, at the highest rates of
discountever permitted; is that they had taken un
der pretenre of slock loans by their own authoiuy,
die sum of $1,510,000; being $d94,b(.'U more lliun
they ever had it in their power lo cover, in any
manner, by a pledge of stock, even when rated at '
$126 tiic siiai e, or 25 per cent, above par. I
t II such aground of excuse could be listened lo I
tor one moment, die crime of forgery would scarce- ,
ly find a place in die criiiiiu.il code. The well
known Hr. U.nld earnestly protested he intended
and expected to make provision lor the payuiriil of
die bond he forged against Lord Chester field belore i
it arrived at maluiity; hut no man ever thought |
this, even il true, ought to have saved him from I ne
ignominious deatii which die laws atlixed lo his
ciime. ft was reserved lor die two Judges of
Baltimore In adopt sue.lt a cover lor guilt, and thus
lo establish a precedent dial, il followed, will af- |
ford to all forguiies lierenfler a ‘ '
against punishment and a shield
nulls-Ld B, 1’,
General Jackson—Exit act of a letter from
General Jackson to a gentleman in Missis
sippi, dated March 23.—“From the present
revolutionary state of Mexico, tlie appear
ance ol an American envoy, with credentials
to the tyrant Iturbide, might add to Ins
sliength, and thereby aid him in livening
the chain of despotism upon his country,
which of light ought to be free.—To he tiie
instrument to a tyrant, however innocent on
my part, I could not reconcile to my feelings.
W ith these views, and other reasons, w hich I
have communicated to Mr. Monrue, I have
declined accepting the mission to Mexico.”
From the Boston Patriot.
PP.OGItLSS UF DKMOCKACY AMONG
OIK YOUNG MEN.
The circumstance is no less remarkable
than susceptible ol piocf, that the greater
pot lion of uur ifoung men, who have attained
the age of manhood, since the termination of
uur late righteous war,have ranged themselves
beneath the buniter of democratp. To those
who see with candid and unprejudiced eyes,
that Mina leads, i lions of philosophy! I>e this as It ni?y C [?’
j ken as a whole, it is one of the most extraor-
■ dinar) compositions in the circle of lb e .
ture.
In 1791, Mrs, Radclifife gave to the world
a Narrative of her Travels in Fiance, Ger
many and Italy ; hut ill describing matters uf
fact, her vvriti gs were not iqnally favored
pome years after, Cadell and Davies ca Ve
her £la00 for her ltulians, which, lliouth
generally read, did not increase her reputa
tion. The anonymous criticints which ap
peared upon this w oik, the imitations of her
style and manner by various literary advui-
tureis, the publication ol some othei nuvilc
under a name slightly varied for thu purpose
ol imposing on tlir public, and the flippant
u-e of the term “ Radcliffe school,” by
scribblers ol all classes, tended altogether to
disgust her with (lie world, and cieuic a dr-
pressiun of spi,its, which led for many yea. ,
in a considerable degiee to seclude lief from’
society. It is undeialoud that she had win-
ten other works, whir li, on these accounts she
withheld from publication, in spile of t,i«
solicitude of her friends, and of tempting of-'
| ers made her by various publisher.— Her
this fact is easily explained, and l onclustve- , toss ol spit its vv«s followed by
Iv m*()V(!S tllfi Sillillfl IIP niifl Iturn p nf il.n ' .....1 »l. . ’
ly proves tlie soundness and justice of the
republican cause.
Our youth, al an early age, are conversant
with tne history of our revolution. Their
tender minds are hereby impressed with the
sufferings, the heroism, the constancy, tiio
patriotic devotion of their ancestors, and the
remorseless ciuolly, the grinding oppression,
tlie debasing, paralyzing dominion of Gieat
Biitain. An ardent love of liberty, an in-
, diguant abhorrence of arbitrary power, are
ill huaith
and the only solace of hot latter years vva.t
the unvvcaiied attentions of an affectionate
husband, whose good intelligence enabled
him to appiociate her extraordinary worth
The situation in wliieli they resided, during
the last ten years, is one of the must cheer-
lul round the metropolis; anu here, under u
gradual decay of her mental anu bodily pow
ers, this intellectual ornament of ber sex ex
pired on the 7tli February, in tlie C2d yenrnf
Iter age. In person, Mis. Radcliffe was of
diminutive size; and during the prime oi
her life, when she mixed in company, b«-r
[ conversation was vivacious, and uualloyvd
IMPORTANT FIIOM MEXICO.
The following official communications,
which haw just been received by an extraur
towns, have been grant- d. The liberating
army lias triumphed. The Mexican nation
is now reintegrated in tlie extension and
plenitude ot their sovereign right, freely rep
resented by a constituent Congress. Jiniah-
itams ol Vera Cruz! Days ot prosperity, of
libertv, and ooncoul, begin lo succeed to tiie
calamitous times ol usurpation and despo
tism. Honor and praise to the valiant sol
diers ol ine country ! immortal glory to her
worthy captains! veneration, love,and giat-
Hinle, to me lathers of the country !
Vera Cruz, 7th April, 1823, third of inde
pendence, and second of liberty.
GUAHALOUPE VICTORIA.
Decree So. 1.—The sovereign constituent
Mexican Congress in this cession of the 29ih
tilt, has thought proper to expedite the pies-
tiil decree.
1. It is declared that Congress, having
assembled to the number of 103 deputies,
constituting a majority, is in full and abso
lute liiieity to deliberate, am), consequently,
in a situation to continue its sessions.
2. That tiie executive [rower of Mexico
j has ceased from the \ 'Jth of last March to the
present dale.
ii. That both tiie foregoing resolutions be
transmitted lo tlie supieme executive power
to be iiniucd, in order that they may be com
municated to whom it may concern. We
therefore, 610.
Meu ito, . Ipril 2, 182d.
characterizes the uianneis of literary lad,
MEDICAL NEWSPAPER
.V, ui Soidhern State.— Our readers
will recollect the notice wt lock of tiiis sub
net a wesk or two ago.—E'ght commiss- , .. .. _ ... . . „ tsl
'anus from, the province of Gualamala, have ought to he directed to the limitation of its 1 declare explichy, os we understand, that no the counsel tor the prosecution took occasion ing, and shows the irresistable influence that ces that have ever appeared in the En Ik
arrived al Boston. Tm.tr object is, „s we operation,,to the prevention of its increases ' such distinction w dS contemplated by the to declare, that his case had been viewed by he exercises over those under his command, language; and which, to the honor ol it
stated when wt fit si moiitioiwd the subject, and to its gradual extirpation. Under this , contracting parties. them from the first, in a much more favora- ■'■‘ l 1 * ~ r *“
in 11IL1 die amicxalmn of tiicir new govern
ment, to that ol li.t United Stales.
5/*' Onr Uitircrsily.— You say that the
expenditures for tiie building up and tlie
maintenance of ibis institution have been
immense, and that tiie prospect of an in-
. leasing annual expense from this source is
bright. Theic is a prospect, we readily ad
mit, that dm state will he compelled to pay,
') the act of 1821, somewheie between four
1 ..J e.ght thousand dollais annually. But
w e think we made it very manifest, in our
...st publication, that even supposing the state
ill have to pay, annually the full sum of
eight thousand dollars, theiO will he a clear
gain to the state aiding from that expendi
ture uf about 50 percent. To the exhibi
tion we made on this point, v>e refer with
lull assiirame that the most penurious Icgis-
I itor—even he who will give full operation
and effect 10 the most rigid and unbending
spirit of economy, will be compelled 10 ad
mit the cxpcudituie to be a wise one.
Wliat is tins immense expenditure that has
Keen incurred in building iqi tins institution ?
We have liiqiicndy heatd it spoken of as
some frightful spectre, at wliieli it was dan-
go 1 mis to look—a very tcirible raw-head and
nluu.lv-bones. Let ns for mice approach it,
and ascertain whether in icality its attribute*
ire so frightful as they have been represen-
„d to be. As far as wc know, the following
statement is collect :
A.) endowment in lanJ* which have
been sold for $130,OoO
1’wo collegiate buildings nt $28,000
eacti 50,000
Other building*, apparatus, library,
<2c. sac. value not precisely
k.iuiVll—; y 20,000
$200, ouo
Reader, we know that discussions of this
<u(t are gr in 1 ally dry, let then bn managed
vilh all tiie skill the writer is master uf.
But we hope the feur of encountering a
. t-w figures, div as they may tic, will not de-
;r thee, ill ibis case, Lout proceeding,
i’liy best interests—tlie prospeuly, die char
acter, and the happiness ol thyself, thy chil
dren, and thy > onntiy, am ileuply involved
10 die result. Auii line we give ii.ee fair
nulice that if we arrive sale and sound at the
conclusion we anticipate, we will make on
iliee a demand for thy uuw.iveimg support
of lue measures the friends of the Universi
ty may propose. And when dial demand is
inadi, we will lake no denial on (Ly pail.
The expenditures lor the Univer
sity amount to tiie sum of $200,000
The legal interest on tins sum is 16,080
Would it not he a safe policy that would
rest this slim uf $200,000 in some stock that
would produce annually the legal interest,
$16,0U0 ?
Even that enlightened philosopher and
i gislutor uf the western woods, who, a short
.me »i.ico, made a speech against colleges
...tj nil Hell things, and drew so admirable
.1 iliusliuiion of Ins aigiimenl fiom Ins
svvn pig-stye, would jiiswoi this question in
die affirmative.
There are tmw 130 students at Athens.
If we h.nl no such institution, die patents
1 Iltese young men would send them to
some Goiii gn out of the stale.
We know, from experience and ohseiva-
ion holli, that these young men would, each
J titem, spend, w helher iTtcy went to Col
umbia, ui to Puucelon, or 10 Yale, or even
lo Cainbiidge, not less than $500 per .to.
Eacti spending the sum uf $bni) per an.
vuuld make die elioimuus a.nutinl ut $65,-
1100.
Tins sum would hr taken out of the stati
from a •■King the people of Georgia, and put
into crieul.uiun among die people ol oilier
slates.
But by having a college of our own, this
stini is annually ictained in Hit slate, and put
into circulation amung our own people.
Tims by investing $200,000in 1 ollrge buil
dings, apparatus, library fci. 6tc. we ui iKc a
'tiling lo the people of Geoigia of $65,000
per an. Now it is admitted tli.it the policy
worn J be good that would invest tins capital
.0 ..s in pioduce H preent.—$10,00,). flow
uicouiparabiy better is that iuvnsiiueul
,/liiell produces $65,000—or .32 1 2 pci cent,
attend to the following coinrasi :
I Tiie people pay taxes lo die amount of
$2or),U00.
The people refuse to have it applied to the
.uldisiuneot ot a College.
II lies idle in the Treasury,
Those who wish 10 educate their children,
end dieur alnoad, to the amount of Uo;—
-.chnl which ISO spends $500 per an.
ileie is $6j.0u0 taken, annually, from
..lining lire people of Georgia and pul into
ircuiatiull among the people of ullier slates.
II. The people pay taxes to the amount
f $200,000.
Tne people agiee to have it applied to die
estabnsluiient ol a college,
li is so applied.
Pilose who wish lo educate their children
.end them lo Athens to the amount of 130;
each of wliii h 130 would odierwise take uut
of the state $500 per un.
Hete is $66,000 kept from going among
oilier people, end put into ciicnlation among
phe people of our own state.
Now we ask, with the utmost confidence,
any man of common undersiauiling, winch
vs tne better polo y—that which lioanls up
Oie stale’s lieasme, and sen is young men lo
Ilh'-r states ill sun 1 eh of all education—or
that which furnishes for them tiie means uf
sc pining it at home.
(JJ* Ranks.—Tlie lime is fast approach
ing when men’s minds will bexceiously en
gaged inlhi» Slate indie ciipiny, whether
nese institutions have been u| service lo die
country. I” some other statesttie important
enquiiV has been already cummenced. A
wilier iias been quiblislnng, m a Virginia
Newspaper, asenesol essays pn this subject,
in which aie clearly pointed out the tuiuous
const queuces that have already attended the
esianiisliiiieiit of Banks, and the Mill noire
ruinous e oiiseqiienres that arc vet tn come.
\V« intend to n pubiish them if we cun [no-
cure me senes csinipiele.
1 fiat a paper currency may be made, tin
ier certain resirierions, lo answer all tiie
pinpov.ei.of a circulating medium, vv ithout bu-
mg me Tcpreseutativeuf specie, is abundant
Iv pioved by Mi. Ilicaido. Tlie great diffi
culty is 10 nupuse tfie restitutions necessary
vo produce tins resuit, in theory the scheme
iS excellent;—but wbo sliull tediK.e it to
e acute? l’n<! etpertuicut wculd be t«o ha-
tlieieby kindled in their unsohisdeated hearts,
ompleteprotection | and they enter upon the stage of active life,
convio-j glowing nidi patriotism, and tremblingly
! SKKSS? *• h*-* srx:
j of inriithoud davvued since tlie teriiiinaiimi
I ol our late glorious struggle for national
diuary courier, announce to the tree amUe’ I r !^‘ S ’ h n a ; e , , cu ‘" e <l,,wald u ‘“ Jer . ., T i‘ e f “ st "'"''h' n [ » P*P«r cal
roic inhabitants ol Vera Cruz, that their ,or aie " sl '‘"g ^^lonMedeeal
wishes, in unison w ith those of all die oilier
J. V. C. .Smith, AI. i). vva> published
ami perpetuaiing these ennobling semiimniis. , .c«.
The spirit of pany has abali d, and tiie great Tuesday. Tlie onjecls ui the paper aia 'ihus
body ol our citizens, 110 longer divided by the 1
liiitei aimiiusiiies ol lounei days, can unite,
like brethren ol the same [>iiiici|des, in de-
1 lence 01 tiie same cause. Our youdi, tliere-
I fore, can view without piejudice, examine
| without prepossession, and ritavv fair, correct
j and well founded conclusions. They per-
| ceive their own country to he flourishing,
| prosperous and happy, while other* lire de-
| based and di giaded by aristocracy, and con-
j vulsed by the struggles of tlie many against
I the lew. They perceive democracy prevail
I ing in al! parts ol tlie union, and die mens
| ures and policy ol die general goveianient
| approved anu stippoiled by die great mass
| ol me nation. They perceive dial federal-
| ism is dwindled to a faction ; that the prin
ciples oi its leading members aie not diose
dial inspired die luai ij rs nl Lexington ; that
they have labored loi themselves and not
tneir countiy, and mat when her hour of
peril ban come, and lbs war clouds blacken
ed aiound tier, they cm tne veered ties that
bound them 10 iter bosom, and jollied tlie
standard ol her enemy. They "perceive that
while federalism is die cause of Biitain, ami
is fast sinking into insigtnfn auce, democracy
is the cause ol the revolution, of mankind,
and, with a fiun and steady march, i* un
furling us banner throughout tiie union.
Principle, sentiment, tiue interest, eveiv
thing that cun operate upon an uncoriupteil
heart, speak in a voice of mugic to uui
A umber l.—The supreme executive poiv- | youdi, and call dtein to,me ranks ul deinuc-
er provisionally named by ihe sovereign con-
sliiuent Mexican congress, to all whom
these presents may come, greeting : Know
ye, that the said Congress has decieed as
follows:
The sovereign constitutional Mexican
Congress in session uf the 30lh ult. has de
creed as follows :
1. The executive government shall be
exercised provisionally by a body to he de
nominated the supieme executive power.
2 It shall he composed of three members,
eavhofwhoin shall act alternately for one
month as piesidei.t, aud in tiie order of their
nomination.
3. Tfie supreme executive power shall
have the tide ot excellency in official com
uiuiiicatioiis.
4. Ti.is body shall not lie chosen fiom
among die members of Congress.
No one can deny dint whatever, in uur
own country, is great or good, estimable or
amiable ; Unit whatever meliorations in our
condition have been effected within tlie last
twenty yeais, are the offspring and emana
tion of democracy. In a country whose in
stitutions are founded upon equality of 1 ights
and administered according to their spirit
and imeniiou, die field is open tor honorable
competition, and merit will attain imnurable
distinction in the path of public utility.
Whence flow those bright qualities that pro
cure for Americans such pre-eminent dis
tinction? Whence proceed that hold aud
daring enterprise, that assiduous and perse
vering industry, drat untiring, indefatigable
activity, that distinguish the mind of Ameii-
ca throughout tlie habitable globe ? They
are kindled, matured and sustained by the
5. This body shall he governed bv the ; equality of our institutions ; they are called
last regulation presented by the regency to 1 into I tie, they aie wanned into action, by die
Congress for their approbation, except as ! quickening spirit ol democracy. The Airier
respects the office of die commander in chief,
and until another be foimed in conformity
lo the circumstances of the picsent period.
Mexico, March 31, 1623.
Signed by the President and dep. Secre
taries.
We, therefore, order, &2c\
Mexico, Apul 2, 1823.
ican youth enters upon the theatre of life in
spired and supported by die conciousness of
being able to attain, by the honest employ
ment ol talent the highest marks of confi
dence 111 the’gifl of an intelligent and high-
minded people. No spiing of aristocracy,
whose ' nuble blood' has lor ages ‘ crept
through scoundrels,’ can cross ins path, re-
Yumbrr 3—The sovereign constituent ' press li is ardent efforts, or withhold ins mer-
Congresa, in this day’s session, has thought i ited reward, by asserting hereditary claims
proper 10 name the following individuals for j 10 pernicious distinctions. All start fair
; from tlie goal of equality, and strive .with
1 sound heads and honest heaits, tn the race
of useful exerliou.
Aristocracy is the deadliest fuc of the
American youth, and all his hopes, all his
they knew that they weie utterly and irre- j communicated lo the persons named, that expectations of freedom and happiness, arc
trievahly ruined,and consequently that they j they may repair tn the hall of Congress, to 1 firmly interwoven with democracy. The
1. .- take the corresponding oalli.
[Signed and dated as above.]
the executive power, viz :
Don .Yicolas Rraro.
Don Guaduluupe Victoria.
Don Ped'o Celeslino .Yegrete.
This nomination shall he immediately
weie wholly unable to repay piiucipnl or in
terest, he took no notice whatever.
He thereloie pionuunced again, that in
the opinion ol iumself and Judge Ward,
which was the opinion of the court, the
iidvcrstrs were not g«ii*'y “in law or in
GENERAL MINA.
The true character of this officer (says a
perron attached to his army) appears to he
one is the l r pas, whose pestiferous breath
poisons whatever it lights on ; the other is
the maple of our native hills, ‘Jroni storms a
shelter and from heat a shade,” a monu
ment ofsutngtb, hea"'.y, i)xc f »lpe7 atiddii-
tabil’tr.
stated in the publi'lier’s adveilisemenl :
41 I s the object 01 tiiis p.ipe.i to give r^'.»
porlunity of Cuiuiiuiiin.almg without delay
histuiies ol recent casts, developing me
character of prevalent diseases ; in in,nidi
seasonable information on subjects wbnli
1 egard public heultli; and to piesent the rea
der w ith a variety ol miscellaneous matter,
uii subjects relating to medicine, that many
times is withheld liom the public in gener
al in consequent ejul ihescarciiy of the woiks
Iroin which they are obtained.”
Under an able and erudiie Editor, with
sucli contributions as Will undoubtedly be
luruished, (lie extensive circulation aud uaj>
luiness oi the work-may be auiicpaltd.
FIRE BALL,
Invented by Mr. Dawkins of Philadelphia.
1 he oujecl ol this invention is to pi a v e*
our navy 011 an equal footing (without adur*
lion tothe number of vessels) with the strong
est maritime nation now in existence. Fur
tins purpose, we construct a ball, hollow with-
in, and with grooves all around its ex ter ho I
surface, which isparily cn.ugcd with powder
tiial is insulated, and the remainder of ihe c..*
vily or space wiilnn, is filled will, a liquified
composition, which, vv non cold, becomes hard.
The grooves, on the outside, ate filled with
tiie same composition, so that tlie surface nl
the hall becomes smooth. The insid# eliaruo
passes through a small apeilure led lor that
purpose, in which is inserted a lose, that
regulates tiie explosion oi the hall to any
given number ol seconds nr minutes, that
may he ri qilired. The fuse must crime Ml
contact with tfie powder with which tlge
piece, from which tire hall is to he ihiown,
is charged—which will cause liie fuse to Le
set on fire, and tiie composition, on tlie out
side, at tfie same time ignited. Trie hall
will fie in a complete blaze of lire at tne
time 01 leaving the muzzle of tlie cannon.
Ill passing through tiie rigging or sails ol a
ship, it is moially sure to set lire to them,
as well Iroin (he stream ol lire, which will issue
from the apertuie within, as from tlie rnin-
position in the grooves on the external su> '
lace ol the bail. Il it penetrates tlie hull, 1!
is equally sure of firing the ship—all attempt*
lo extinguish it by water will be unavailing,
as it burns us freely under water as in the
atmosphere; mid while the attention of the
crew is called to extinguish the flames, the
hall expludes and deals out destruction ill ad
diiectious. Bailors will therefore he cau
tious 111 exposing themselves a second time,
w itliin the reach of one of these inflammable
balls, and a few shots, well directed, will
envelope a ship in a total conflagration. 1
should recommend, after firing a lew broad
sides, that one hall or two thirls of the hah.
should be chtrged with Ihe composition
alone, which horns vr jih such an intense heat,
before it becomes exhausted, that it not on
ly leavtys the ball red, but white hut.
Thisinodeuf warfare would be so awful
in its consequences, that five sail of the linn
armed un this plan, would destroy the larg
est fleet that ever floated, equipped in 'l* 0
ordinary manner.
[The inventor complains that tiie Pres:
dgut, Uc. did not answer his oiler of theabov t
discovery.]
A whimsical comparison being made oue-
day between a clock nod a woman, Cliaile-.
Fox gallantly observed, that he thought the
simile had ; “fur,” said he, “a clock server
to point Ihe hours, and a woman to )“ )■'• .*
; foige; :iiepj "