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BY CAMAK & RAGLAND, a. $• u.s.printers.
MILLRDGRVILLE, MONDAY, JANUARY 26, 1829.
■MM
VOLUME XX.—NO. 24.
the Georgia journal
Is pubiUbedtwice % week during the session ot the Legislature,
.Ji weekly tor the remainder of the year, at the corner of Wayne
mad Hancock Streets, at THREE DOLLARS per ann. in atU
vance. or FOUR DOLLARS at the end of the year.
The Paper will not be sent to any person out ot the State, until
the subscription money is paid in advance or satisfactory reference
^Advertisements inserted at the usual rates.
N. B. Sales of Land and Negroes,by Administrators, Executors,
or Guardians, are required, by law, to be held on the first Tues
day in the month, between the hours of ten in the lomrotuyntti
three in the afternoon, at the court-house of the county in which
the property is situate.—Notice of these sales must be given in a
public gazette SIXTY days previous to the day of sale.
1 Notice for the sale of Personal Property must be giveu in like
manner, FORTY days previous to the day of sale.
Notice to the debtors and creditors olan estate must be publish
ed for FORTY days.
Notice that application will he made to the Court of Ordinary for
Wave to sell land, must be published for FOUR MONTHS.
Persons interested in those Advertisements which are publislied
Monthly, will find them in the first and fourth page of the first
paper in every month.
All business of this kind continues to receive prompt attention
at the Ottice of the GEORGIA JOURNAL.
> MAJOR JOHN MITCHELL
is a candidate for Colonel of Baldwin county, to sup
ply the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Col.
jun 12—te
•The following
BOOKS have been missed, from
Room No. 7, LA FAYETTE IIALL—Five or six vol*. J,ortt ll>-
rons Works—1 vol. Goldsmith’s Poems—I do. Gray’s Poems— I do.
Goldsmith's Si Beattie- Poems—1 do. Campbell’* Poems— and two
vol a. Scott's works. Besides sever-1 other- -i a miscellane. us
description. The person who took them, will hav • the^oodnei
A PROCLAMATION.
G EGOKtilA—By bis Excellency JOHN
FORSYTH, Governor and t.ommnndrr in Chief ot the
thi * s,Me n,ul of *be Militia thereof
WIILREAS I nave received otlirial information that in Mu-on
gee county, in Hus State,on the evening of the 25th of Novemhe
last, Harry,* 1 negro man. the property of William D Lucas, wn-
killed designedly by JOSEPH SCOTT, who it is represented ha*
Med from justice-- Now, in order that the aforesaid person may be
brought to trial tort he crime with which he is charged, I have
have thought fit to issue this my Proclamation, hereby oflrrinr n
reward of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS to any person or per
sons who shall apprehend and deliver to the Sheriff of the raid
county ot Muscogee the said Joseph Scott—And I do moreover
charge nnd require all officers, civil and military, of this State, t.»
aid and assist in appielieiidinS nnd securing the aforesaid person
if to be found within the limits of the State.
Given under my hand, and the Seal of the State, at th- State
I louse in Millcdgeville, this 16th day of January, in the year
of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-nine,
nnd of American Independence the fifty-third.
JOHN FORSYTH.
■ taken away the
ante w ill he lounu vv ritt
WM. M. SMITH
the
lo return them forthwith. They
Legislature adjourned.—The
an tome of them.
MIHedgeville, Jan. 5, 182-1.
Milledgeville Eire Company.
AN ACT to authorise the Corporation of the imvn of Milledge-
ville, to estahlish a Fire Company, and to exempt the members
of said Fire Company from certafiildutics therein specified.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of
the State of Georgia in General Assembly met, and it is hereby
enacted by the authority of the same, That from and immediately
after the passage of this act, the Corporation of the - town ot Mil-
ledgeville, shall have power and authority, and tin*} are hereby
empowered and authorised to nominate, select, and appoint cer
tain individuals, being free white persons, and not exceeding eigh
ty in number, who when so appointed, shall he known as “'I he
Fire Company of the Town of Millcdgeville."
Sec 2. And be It further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
That it shall he the duty of said Company when formed, to take
charge of the Fire Engine, hooks, ladder-, Ate. nnd manage the
same in cases of fire within the town of Millcdgeville.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
Thnt so soon after the passage of this act as a sufficient'number
of individuals may consent to become members nf said Fire Com
pany, as may be necessary to render it efTecttial, it shall lie the du
ty of said Corporation to convene said individuals and to recom
mend the adoption of such constitution, rules, and regulations, ns
said company ora majority of them may deem necessary nnd pro
per for their government and conduct, which, when so adopted by
the company, and approved of by the Corporation afoiesaid,shall
be binding on each member of said company.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
That the said eighty persons when so selected and organised,
shall not be liable, during their continuance as members of said
Fire Company, to perform militia duty, except incase of inva
sion, war, or insurrection.
Assented to by the Governor, 17th December, 1G23
HEAi >"<Y CARTERS, GEORGIA.
Milledgeville, \%th January, 1829.
T HE dentil of Major General JOHN A.
HEARD, having b(fcn announced to the Commander in
Chief— ^
ORDERED, That the Officers nr the Division in which he com
manded, wear ('rape on the left arm for thirty days as a testimo
ny ol respect to the memory of the deceased.
Ry the Commander in Chief,
j ;l » W _ EVERETT II PIERCE, Secretary.
HEAD QUARTERS, GEORGIA.
Millcdgeville, January 10, 1H29.
O RDERS.—The Review and Inspection
of the Militia fur the year 1"29, by Regiments and Batta
lions, will begin on the first Monday in April next.
Th»* Major Generals or Commanders of Division^ will issue
their orm i - to -nit the convenience of the Militia within their
respective tu.imamls, taking care thnt the Reviews ho completed
It) the t'ir-t M »tnlay in July following—They will report to Head
Quarters the time nnd place their reviews will commence.
The Aids of the Commander in Chief vv ill nssist at the Reviews,
and report directly to Head Quarters.
Brigade Inspectors will transmit to the Commander in Chief,
• Returns must be full.
, nnd prorise—all acts of in
... , rintely 1 ' ‘ ‘ • *
'd upon Officers of all grad
grets thnt it will not be practicable
tier their commands.
The Commander in Chief
for him to attend all the Reviews. The Generals of Division and
Brigade will attend personally to the due execution of their
Head-Quarters, Marion, Dee. 27, I828. 1
j|KDF.I,EI). Tlmt Nimrod W. Long be
appointed Division Inspector, in the place of Si
Division Inspe
igi'cd. with the rank of Li
J AMIN IIKY VN. Jr. \id.de-Cnian
berry, removed, with the rank of \|
•d and obeyed accordingly.
E. Wimberly, Cornd'g. 6th Div. G. M.
ul that they lie respect-
fty order of Maj. Ge.i
Pert
tary and
lly order of the Board,
R. B. WASHINGTON, Secretary.
FRESH DRUGS, MEDICINES, tyc.
R ECENTLY received at Dr. GREEN’S
DRUG STORE, next the Post Office, a supply of
PAINTS, WINDOW GLASS,
OILS, PERFUMERY,
DYE-STUFFS. FRESH MEDICINES, &c.
Which with the Stock on hand, constitutes an extensive assort
ment.—As above, may be had
Sulphate of Quinine, Denafcotised Laudanum,
Pills,—Tincture,—Syrup, Croton Oil,
Wine and Solution ot do. Stoughton's, Colombo, an l
Piperinc,
MILLEDGEVILLE BOOK STOKE.
F OR SALE at said Store, St. Valentine’,
Day, a new and capital work, by the author of Waverly.
Also for delivery to subscribers, THE AMERICAN QUAR
TERLY REVIEW,6th No. or whole sets—TIIE SOU THERN
REVIEW, and THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL
SCIENCE, by Dr N.Chapmnn.fcc. kc.
subscriptions will he thankfully received to the above. And to
the Franklin Journal or American Mechanics Magazine—the Mir
ror of the Patent Office—ami the Conversation Lexicon or Popular
Encyclopaedea,all importantly valuable Works. july 14
mVll.LLHAOklUll I 12 UdUNLL BTOHH
dYM, For snle, as above, a general supply of BOOKS AND
STATIONARY.
Medicine, Science k. Divinity.
Novels, Poetry, Voyages, nnd
Travels.
School Books, including every
Book generally used
English, Greek amt 1
i the
partntcuts «f the Seminaries
of this Sta.e.
An entensive collection of Books
A large quantity of Writing and
Letter Paper & Blank Books.
Quills, Black amt Red Pencils.
Crayons—Self-pointing Pencils.
Silver Pencil Cases.
Recently received the following popular
and valuable Works:
Horne’s Introduction to the Stu
dy of the Holy Scriptures.
John’s do. the Old Testament,
Sketches of Persia,
Death-Bed Scenes,by Dr. Whar-
Art of Living Long and Coinfor-
Rogers’ Silver, Steel, and other
Pen and Pocket Knives.
Paper Folders.
Black ami Red Ink k Ink Pow
der.
Mathematical Instruments, i
cases ami single.
Port Folios and Pocket Rooks.
Black Sand amt Sand Boxes.
Pounce and Boxes.
Block and Red Sealing Wax.
Office and other Wafers.
Slates and Slate Pencils.
Gold and Silver Beuf.
Gilded Paper.
Reeves’ W ater Colors in Boxt
and single Cakes.
, Life of Co-
Columbus' owi
first Voyage,
Washington In
lumbus,
Tales of a Grand Father, by
Walter Scott,
Lidy Morgan’s piquant
iMtiul O’Fln
i 12
ROBT. AUG. BEALL. Aid-d-.Uamp.
FOR. !8AL.lt;,
BY WILEY 4- BAXTER,
II. 8, BANK NOTES,
CHECKS & BILLS Of EXCHANGE,
On Acm- York and Philadelphia,
Baltimore and Richmond,
Charleston and Savannah,
Mi lied go v i Re, J a n 5—3t
COAI
O N Thursday the 5th day of February
next,the Inspectors of the Penitentiary will receive sealed
PUBLIC LAND (SALES.
isals i
enltentiary will r
• furnishing the Inst'oition with COAL for the
i* proposals must specify the price per busheldelive
ed at the Penitentiary.
Bond and security will he required for the performance of the
contract,aml the securities must lie named in the proposals.
By order of the Inspectors.
january5 R. H L. BUOIIANAN. Secretary.
NE W ESTABL1 SO MENT.
C ASH AND BARTER STORE—The
undersigned have taken the Store House, lately occupied
by Thos. B. Stubbs, near the Presbyterian Meeting-House, where
they are opening a fine assortment of
Dry Goods, Groceries, Crockery, Sfc.
which they will disposa of for (’ash or Country Produce, at ex
tremely low rates,and will give for Cotton, Wool, Hides, Tallow,
Butter, Lard, Eggs, llees-Wax, Deer-Skins, Furs, Litinon&t Cot
ton (paper) Rags, and Grain of all kinds, the same prices, the
di(Terence of carriage excepted, as would be obtained tor them *n
Augusta or Savannah They will be thankful fora jiortiun of the
H \ts and
I
CLOTHING.—A lnrg.
assortment of Superior Hats,also a few l-ndies and (li
tlemens Cloaks and Pantaloons, Vests, kc. are just opened ant
will be sold very low utdlie New Store of
dec 22 WEED k DEAN.
LAW NOTICES.
L AW NOTICE.—The undersigned will
Practice Law in Copartnership in the counties composing
the Chattahoochee Circuit, and in the counties of Fayette, Pil.e
and Upson, of the Flint. Their office is at La G angc, Trout*
county. S ARMSTRONG BAILEY
doc 29—co3m
WILLIAM DOUGHERTY.
L AW NOTICE.—Persons wishing «>
consult the subscriber professionally, will find him atihe
Office ol L Q. (’. Lamar, Esq iuMilledgeville, every Wednesday
and Thursday, oral his place of residence at any other time.
dec|4—If D. B. MITCHELL.
tably. Novel, the O’lirle
IJde’s French Cook, hertys,
Life of Ledyurd, ^ ^FllrUtion.by Lady Campbell,
The Am. Quarterly Review, * I The American Journal of t
The Southern Review, I MedicalS-mnces.
Arrangements have been made, w hlc.i w ill m f'Jtni e Rect re t t
ubscrihers, lu the up-coiintry, to these valuable periodicals,
•■surly and prompt recepUonjdjthi 1
cal Preparations,
*, Oye-StulL, \Vimlow-(i|a**, Spices
^ ^ ^ unply of finest Winter Strained Lamp
«iU—Fine Tobacco Ynft Mackalmy and Scotch Smift’.
All of which will be sold at very reasonable prices, for (ah or
.utlsfactory paper. Mnn l. lo
^ .
BY his Excellency JOHN FORSYTH,
Governor and Commander In Chief of tlm Array at/ * n *
vyof this Stn">, and of the Militia thereof.
A PROCLAMATION.
W HEREAS I have received official in-
formation that a murder was committed in Crnwford
•County, on the evening of the 24th inst. upon the body of William
•!>. Coley, by LEMU EL MeMIClIAKL.wlio it is represented lias
fleil from Justice--now that the said Lemuel .MeMichael may
•be brought to trial for the crime with which lie i- charge I have
thought proper to issue this my Prorlamtion hereby ofiering a re
ward of TWO HUNDRED DOLLARS to any per-onor per-ons
who may apprehend nnd deliver the accused to tin* sheniTor
Jailor of the (’ounty of Crawford, at the same cime enjoining and
requiring all oflicers, civil and military. of this Stole, to b«* aid
ing and assisting in the arrest and delivery as aloresnul ot the
said Lemuel McMichnel, it to he found within the limits ol the
■same. ,
Given under my hand and the great Seal of the Stnte,
at the State House in Millcdgeville. this UOth day of
December, in the year of our Lord 1828, and of Amer-
Iran Independence the fifty-third
JOHN FORSYTII.
By the Oovarnor,
KVERARD IIAMILTION, S« eretary of State.
SamuelMeMIchaelis about 30 or 32 years ol age, about 6feet
1 or 2 Inches high, dark compaction, light hair, thin visage.
GEORGIA:
BY his Excellency JOHN FORSYTH, Go-
vernor and Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of
this State, and of the Militia thereof:
A PROCLAMATION.
W HERE VS 1 linvc received official in-
formation that a murder was committed in Carrol coun
ty, in this State, nn the evening of the 6th of December last, on
the body of JAMES Y, LONG, by JAMES MAY. vv l.o was aided
-and abetted in the Commission of said crime, by GEORG E MA »
nnd SOLOMON JACKSON, all of whom it isiei'iv-cuictl have
fled front.justice—Now in order that the aforesaid persons may be
brought to trial for the crime
thought fit to issue this my Proclamation, here
wf FOUR HUNDRED DOLLARS to any pe f
nhall apprehend and deliver them to the SnerifT ot Jailor
oaid county,or Two Hundred Dollars lor the suit! James Mtiy, and
One Hundred Dollars each for the sni George May and Solomon
L AW—The subscribe^ Imvinff associated
themselves in the practice of Law, under the firm of BAI
LEY h. GORDON, will attend regularly the Courts In the Chat
tahoochee Circuit; also the Courts of Upson nnd Crawford in (he
Flint, and Bakerund Early in Uic Southern Circuit; and when
executions are to he levied mi finil in the new purchase, will
punctually attend the sheriffs sales and collect the money.
8. T. BAILEY,
j »n i2—iraOra THos. g. Gordon.
L \ VV. The Subscribers Imve united
themselves in the Practice of the taw. They will nttend
I' e Courts of the 0cinulc6r, Twiggs of the Southern, and Bibb
of the Flint Circuit. Any business confided to their management
will receive prompt nnd faithful attention. «
It. H. L. BUCHANAN
Milledgevllle, Jan 12 ALPIIONSO DELAUNAY
H 'TEW ART FLOYD, Attorney at Law,
vv ill practice in the everal counties of the Ocmulgee Cir
cuit,and in the adjav • ... ■ ouulies nf the Western and Flint Cir-
ouiti Madison, Morgan county, Jan li*—7t
J OHN C B A VV FO K D. A ttorney at Law,
will practice in the counties of tlte Ocmulgee Circuit, and
in the adjoining countiesof the Flint Circuit.
Monticcllo, Jim 19—9t
Farmers' Eire Insurance Jj* Loan Company
of New York,
CNqi'lI u Capitol of $500,000, all paid
continue to* take Risks against Fire, on Biddings
Furniture, >fm < ha**<liic» Cotton,k > ; atji inodernte premium, by
.\ugu6ta, Geo. Dt. '• -
HENRY II. FIELD, Agent.
ACADEMES- &<
F EMVI.E EDUCATION—Tl’iC Scotts-
borough Female Academy, under the superintentipnee oj
the Rev. Dr. ROBERT C. BROWN will re-open on the second
Monday in January next; where opporluuity is afTmxled, for
Young LaJies to acciuire every branch of a solid,and polite Kdu-
, presents the much to he valued
ed situation. To meet the pres,
-ure of the times, nnd to ensure •« permanency of arrangement
the price of tuiti mi, (in case the pupils are entered fora year.) i.
reduced much below tic.ml iates. placing within the reach of
thoje whose ;»arents are in moderate cireumstances, thevleligh^
lu! adornment of -cmntific drawing nml painting, the polite ami
now, almost necessary know ledg** «*f the French Language, the
enchanting accomplishment of Music; while the solid branches
of Education will not be neglected, nor the power of thought sac
rifired l>» the shriue of superficial*.
Board (at eighty dollais [»eryenr) can be obtained in the family
of tlie j incipid.or io the net dioorlmod of the \cadcmy, where
tin* pupils v. II lie treated with parental tenderness, nnd every
effort made to regulate their morals, so that the mind may lie ex
panded with propei views of time ; and recreation, tend to pro
mote health an.l impr ivement.
Terms—pupils mitered Lir .i > ear, may study all the solid bran
dies n| Kogbs'i Education, the French Language Colloquially
.m l grammatically, Drawiugjaiid I’ainting, Music, kc.lor sixty
dollars.
English studies alone—Junior class, 20 dollars—Senior class 30
dollars.
In every case, half to be paid in advance, nnd half at the end
sale of reverted lands, «yc.
JN compliance with an Act of the General
-M. Assembly ol the State ol Georgia, passed on the 22d day ol
iJccenihei, lKj7, eutiiled “An Art to dispose of the residue ol
lands heretofore reserved for I he tisr oi the State,” the Commis
sioners appointed under the provisions ol said act, will offer'lor
sale, at public outcry in the town „j Milledgevllle. commencing
V’Vi.*T n * ^kruary next, iniiuedhuely Homing
LAr AY LrlK llALi,, and continue from day to «ln» as herein
alter s|H*cilied,the Fractional parts ol Surveys, Reservations and
Islands, which have reverted to the State by default ol former
purchaser*, also the Fractional parts of Surveys, Reservations,
nnd Islauok, not sold for want of bidder, at firmer »ales, and the
State's half ol the Lots of land condemned as iruQduU idly dm All,
which have been soi l and reverted to die Stnte, viz :
On Mom I ay llie Kith of February, 1829,
Fractions No Hand 33, ana the State’s hail ot lot No 41, in the
6lh district ol Fayette county ; nnd tractions No 145, I lf, 176,180,
183and 186, ill the 7tli district,and Nos Id, II, 29, 30, 49, .50, 70.
116, 141 ami 142, in the Jth district,and 135, 136, 137, 149 lot), 151,
156, 160. 161 and 162,in the 14th district ol tormcrly Fayette now
De Kalb county, and Nos 13 43, in the 1st district ot W alton coun
ty, and313 and 314, in the 1st district formerly W alton now New
ton county, mid 87, 38 and 257, in the 3d distt id Walton courtv,and
52 171, 330, 331, 3-11, 342, 343 and 311, in ; he Ith district, nnd Ha-
State's halt of lots No 126, 150 and 221. in the 1st district ol llenry
• nunty, and the State's halt of lot No 127, in the 4th district, and
the Stute’s half of No 166, in the 5th district.
Ou Tuesday tbe 17th,
Fractions Nos 78, 124, 140, 190, 217, 260, 277, 279, 346, 372, 117,
nnd 432, in the 9t In list rict formerly llenrv now Newton county,
amt Nos 400, 402, 403, 401, 423, 425, 428 anil 129, in the 9th district
formerly llenry now Walton county,and the State’s half of lot No
42, in the 12th district of llcniy county and the State’s half of lot
No 71, In the l.Alh district, and li actions Nos 2ut, 28-5, .109, 810, 338,
334, 335 and356. in the l(ltIt district formerly llcnn now Newton
county, and the State - hail ol |otNn304, in the lath district of
llenry county, and fractions 81, 127, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 2!3,
.«.« nnn 239, In the t7tb district formerly If
nnd Nos 17'. 22vi, W, 382 nnd 3*5 in the
On Wednesday the 18th,
The following Island* atlnelied to Henry county, Nos 1, 2, 3, 4,
5. 6. 7, 8, 9, 10, II, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, I'l 20. 21 and 22,and Nos
19, 8 '. HI, 82, 145 and 146, in the l*t tli*trici ol formerly Monroe
now I* • e county, and Nos.l, 4, 25 A.27, inthe4thdist Monroe, and
traction 147, and lot No 156, ami (Ynrtion N«» 199, in the 5th district,
and the State’s half of lots 156, 105 and 186, in the 6th district,and
•In s..lie’s half of lot No 2, in the tttli district formerly Monroe
now I’ike county, nnd fractions Nos 270and 271 in the 9th district
n^vv Pike, nnd the State’s half of lot No 134, in the 1 Ith district
Monroe, and the State’* half of lot No 146, in the 12th district, and
the State’s half of lots Nos 16, 89, 110, 282, 302, 333 and 342, in the
13th district, and fraction 322, In the same district, and fractions
Nos. 273, 306, 319, 361 and 369, in the same district Monroe now
Bibb county.
On Thursday the 19th,
Fractions Nos SI, 106, 107, 109, 110 and 145, in the 1 tth district
of Monroe county, and the islands attached to Monroe county,
Nos 26, 27 , 38 and 39, and fractions Nos 236, 237 and 272, in the 15th
district Monroe now 1‘ike county, and the islandsattached to Bibb
county, Nos 64 nnd 65. and fractions Nos loo, 227, 268, 307 ami 308,
in the 1st district of Houston now Crawford county, and Nos 274.
275 and 276, in the 4th district of Houston now Bibb county, anu
Nos209, 210, 211, 231 and 232. in the 5th district ol Houston now
Bilib county, nnd Nos 251, 252, 268, 269, 271, 272, 273 and 279, in
the same district Houston comity, nnd Nos 240 and 251, in the 7th
district now Crawford, nnd Nos 116, 147, 148, 149, 160, 151,152 and
171, in the 8th district Houston county.
On Friday the 20th,
Nils 103, 110, III, M3, 114, IIU, 117. MU, 135, 137, 133 nnd ISO,in
the 1 Ith district, ami Nos 63, 61, 147, 148, 189, 231, 232. 238, 239,
210, 24), 212, 243, 261, 262 and 290, in the 12lh dsitrict.nud Nos 127,
168, 169, 210 and 21 l.n the 13th district,nnd Nos 319, 321, 322, 327,
333 and 3U4, in the 14th district,and Nos 183, 190, 191, 192, 196,236;
237 and 238, in the !5th district.
On Saturday the 21st,
Nns 31. 07, 03, 00, 70, 75. 77. 177, 178, 170, 1113, 181 nml 130, In
the lfitli district originally Houston, and Nos 209, 214, 230, 235 and
anti 240, in the same district now Crawford county, and the islands
attached to Houston county, Nos 77, 78 , 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85,
86, 87, HR. 89, !W, 92, 93, 91, 95 nnd 96. and fraction No 177, and lot
179. ami fractions Nos 215, 216, 218 and 219, in the 1st district of
Dooly county.nnd fraction No l.in the 2d district, and fractions
Nos 5. 69, 96, 97 , 98 , 99, 100, 10J, 132, 133, 13-1, lGlaud 105, ’ *
8th district.
On Monday the 23d,
Nos 166, 167, 193, 191, 195, 218, 219, 220, 221, 239, 240, 241, 242,
257, 258, 270, 271, 272, 278, 279, 280, 281, 233 and 285, in the same
district, amt Nos 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 63, 76, 90, 91, 92, 93, 111,
130, 151 and ISO, in the 9th district, and Nos 2, 3, 4 a mi 257, in the
lOtli district, and Nos 262, 300xnd 301 in th« 12thdistrict.
On Tuesday the 24th,
Nos 224 , 226. 254, 255, 256, 257, 304, 306, 307, 323, 324, 325. 341,
149, 350and 357, in the 13th district, nml Nos 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34,
*5, 36, 37, 38 39, 92. 93. 144, 145, 146, 147, 119, 189nnd 190,and lot
191, and tractions Nos 192 nnd 193, and lot 194, nml fractions Nos
195, 196. 197, 198, 199, 229, 230. 248, 249, 252, 258, 2^, 255and 256,
n the 15th district.
On Wednesday the 25th,
Nos 209, 239, 240, 241 ami 242, In tLc Kith district,ami No3C4,tn
ihe 5th district of Gwinnett county, and lot No 10, nmltrartions
Nos 25, 40, 41, 42, 96, 218 nnd 247, in the 6th district, and Nos 278
and 3’>4, in the same tlistrict now De Rail) rounty^md Nos 07, 98
181, 182, 223 nn«i 299, in the7th district Gw innett county, and Not
>2. 74, 95, 115, 133, 134, 151, 166, 167, 179, 190, 191, 199, 208, 218,
223, 225. 226 and 227, in the 1st district of Irw in vountv, nnd Nos
Sk,'S?*ilVWa««ft. ansi ytosVD nail laWC- IKtfer '
On Thursday the 26th,
Nos 196, 197, 23-1, 264 nnd 316, in the 1st district of Fn/ly coun
ty, and Nos338, 389, 394, 398 omi 401, in the 5th district, and Nos
140. 1 11. 174, 175, 176, 177, 17H, 179, 181, 1*5, 186, 259, 260 and 31
in the 8th district, nnd Nos 14, 67 amt 411, in the 9th district, an
Nos 281, 282, 318, 319, 3.53, 354, 355, 356, 382, 395, 396, 397,405,406
110,413, 414 and 415, in the I Ith district.
On Friday the 27th,
Nos 14, 30, 31, .55, 96, 137, 170, 172, 174, 175, 176, t78 r 297 , 298,
299, 300, 385, 409. 110, 411, 412, 413. 414, 115, 416, 417 , 413,422 and
4*21, in the 12th district, and Nos 113, 115, 116, 187, 190, 245, 246,
770, 371, 372 ami 373, in the 14th district,and Nos 164, 165, 166, 192,
212, 213, 214, 215, 216mid 217,in the 15th district.
On Saturday the 28th,
Nos. 213, 228, 239, 240, 241, 243,863, 266, 267 nnd 292; In the
Hstrict.and Nos 321, 358, 391, 393 and 398, in the 20th distriet, nml
Nos 81, 120, 196, 197, 198, 199. 200, 227 , 240, 211, 212. 211. 246, 217,
250, 257, 261. 262, 770, 272. 299, 300, 335, 379 nnd 420, in the 21*1
District, and Nos383nnd 408. in the26th district,and Nos 401, 4-10.
448, 449 and 455, in the 28th district.
On Monday the 2d day of March,
Nos. 353, 401, 418, 429, 430, 434, 435 and 436, in thelstdist form
erly Appling now Telfair county, nnd Nos 624, 625, 626, 627, 642,
644, 648, 654, 655, 656, 657, *59, 660, 661, 662anil663, inthe2ddis
trirtof Appling county, and Nos 25, 26. 27, 78, 79, 130. 131, l* r
186, -291, 339, 381, 419, 449, 450, 498, 499, 500, 509 nnd 510, m ,|
3d district,and Nos 4-59, 460,461, 462, 463 and 495, in the 4th dist.
Ou Tuesday the 3d,
496. .500, 501, .502, .503, .504, 517, 518, 519, 522, 523, 524, 526
and 527, in the same district, and Nos 300, 301, 339, 341, 342, 34-1,
J45, 346, 347, 370, 371, 372, 373, .774 , 375, 376, 377, .T78 , 385, 390and
891, in theAtli district,and Nos I, 19, 50, 94, 169, lHOaml 184,in the
8th district of Hall county, and Nos 1, 13, 25, 37, 48, 49, 59and 66,
r®he 9th district.
On Wednesday the 4th,
Nos 67, 68, 69, 70, 82, *3, 84, 91, 93, 90, 99, 107. 110, 111, 112,113,
115, 116, 117, 121, 128 and 135, nnd the State’s half of lot No 149,
fraction No 176, in the same district, nnd the State’s half of lot No
48, and fraction No 89, in the lOih district, nml lot No 100. in the
11th district,nml Nos90,102 and 125, in the 1st district of Haber
sham county,and lots Nos lOniul 100, in the 3d district, and lot
No 10, nnd fractions Nos 121 128, 129,130, 131, 132, 133 and 134, in
the4lhdistrict, and Nos 1,3,4.6, 7, 8,10,13and 15, in the 5th dik-
On Thursday the 9th,
Nos 16,17,18 and 20, nml hit No 100, in the same district, and frac
tions Nos 6,7,21, 38.39,40, 42, -15, 46, 47 and 48, anti lots Nos III ami
100, in the 6th district, ami fractions Nos 10,30, 178, 204, 205, JOG,
207,208,209,210,211 212.22-1 nml 225,in the loth district, am! No*
20104, 152, 168 and 171. in the 11th district, nml Nos 37. 38,39, 40,
72, 106, 136, 138, 165,1*5,201. 2R5,215and 216. intlic 12thdistii
On Friday the (ith,
Nos 24, 25, 104,105, 108,130, 131,150, 174,183. 184, 1*5. 193 and ISM.
in the 13th district, nml lot No 10, in the Jst district of Rabun coun
ty, ami lot No 10, in the 2d di*trict, and fraction»,.Nos 8, 49 76, 77
and 78, in the 3d district, and Nc s 12. 13, 37, 38, 39, 59,60,70,77.79
and 80 in the -tth district,nnd lot No 10, and fractions Nos 11, 12, 13
83. in the 5th district, and islands Nos 477 and 4*3, in the 2d dist.
of Baldwin county, and fraction No 10, in the 3d district, and Nos
21 and 60 in the 4tli district, and fraction No 259 in the 9th district
and No 252, in the loth district,and No 190. In the 18th district,
Nos 192, 243, 257 nnd *58, in the20th district.
On Saturday the 7th,
Nos 1, 2, 3, 25. 26, 60, 61 and 301, in the Istdistriclof Wilkinson
county, nnd No 321, in the 2d district, and Nos6and 12, in the 4th
district, and Nos 185, 191 and 288, in the 6th district, and No 412, in
the ilili district, and No* 286, 310 and 311, in the 17th district, and
> M3 i,i I he 18th district, nnd No399, in the22d district, and Nos
’67 ann J33, in ti,‘*23d district, and Nos 243, 244 , 24.5 and 246, in the
Kith district,fund letl.“™
TIMBER, LUMBER & FIRE-WOOD.
Friday the 20th day of February next,
the Inspectors of the Penitentiary will receive sealed nro-
lii?«W or !* ,rnish ‘"K tlio Institution with TIMBER AN© LUM-
HMi, foi the present year. The proposals must express the pri-
cev. delivered at the Penitentiary. Bond nnd security will he
requited i-*r the performance of the contract. The Timber and
l.umber vv ;|| he submitted to the inspection of thcOfiiccrs of the
institution,and none will lie received unless it be ol the quality
and kind expressed in the contract.
I he follow ing is a statement of the Timber and Lumber to be
litrnisiied.
200(1 leet Pine PI ink, rough edge, 22 inches wide, 1 1-1 inches
thick, 16 feet long.
2000 feet Gum, Birch or Maple Scantling, 4 incites square, from
n lo | j leet long
.'viral !' ! n 0, ’l° r I’ljHik,5-8inch thick. 14 feet long, rough edge.
*■ 0 " r * '""k, l 6-4 inches thick, 17 inches wide, and
l-» feel long.
2000 feet young tough WhiteOukl’luiik,21-2 inches thick, and
13 leet long.
cords young tough Ilickorv.
50 Waggon Tongues.
>50 do. Axletrces.
50 Go. Boulsters.
50 do llouns.
4 Sills, 28 feel long, and 10 by 11 inches square,) ... . nf
8 do. 19 do. in jn ,|„ $ All to he of
1 do. 32 do. 9 6 do. S ,nirt P,n °'
2 Post Oak Posts, 32 feet long, C Inches squure.to be left round
PENITENTIARY SYSTEM.
Also
3 feet at thelargi .
vuch quantity ot Fire-Wood i
By order of the ln*peetor
hr5.'R. II. I„ UmiANAN, Si-rmnrr
s may be needed for the year.
Merchants and Planters llank,
A * noo. AUGUSTA, January 7, 1829
(iRFhARliY to ji resolution of the Board
of Directors ol this Hank,three instalments of lOpercent.
luiredtobe paid by the Stockholder*, on the foi-
Saturday the 11th day of March. 1
Sale of 144 Half A ere Lots within the town
of Columbus.
I N compliance with an act of the General
A.y-mblrnt ll,f* State of O.oitin, po,„ed un the at il.T of
December, 1827, entitled “ An act to lay out n trading town, and
to dispose of the lands reserved for the use of the State, near the
Coweta halls on the Chattahoochee river, and to name the same"
— 1 ho Commissioners appointed under the provisions of said
act, will otter tor sale at pnblit outcry, In the town of Columbus,
connnmcm ingon Monday, 23d day of March next, nil the unsold
. ( .; oU, , l .V. ,,u !’ r ons,sl| n? "f ONE HUNDRED
Uhill ^OR 1 Y-KM 11. I he Suletocontinucfrouidaytodayun-
• i Oiie-lilth of the purchase money w ill be required in advance,
tlie balance in four equal annual instalments.
ELIAS BEALL,
E L DEG RA FFENREID,
P. II. ALSTON,
,, . , ^ , IGNATIUS A. FEW.
Commissioners for laying off the town of Columbus, aiul the re-
Tve at Coweta Falls.
p- The Editors nf the Charleston Courier, the Tuscaloo*
Lnroniele, and ot all the pulilir vniettes in Georgia will insert
the above advertisement weekly for sixty days, and forward Uicir
accounts to meat Columbus for pnmiont.
Sow EL WOOlFOLK.
Seer'-tary to (lie Board of Commissioners.
lo pe
10 pi ^ ...
By order of the Board,
jnn 19—It
lay the 14th day of Aj»ril; wAd
on Thursday the 1-lth day of May next.
JOHN T. LLOYD, Cashier.
]lf ILL-IKONS, INKS du GUDGEONS
If-IL TJie subscriber hav inf reduced his price* for Mill Iront
"ready money, ami having lieen' several
very low, for the sake »
I persons who want such articles thnt
shop, ati he has suffered very severely by a contrary course, to the
,, , , , - - ijp® cents per pound, by
promising to pay ready cash, and have failed, may expect lo pay
25 cents per pound, agreeable to uiy common rules.
Milledgevllle, Dec 10 I. T. CUSHING.
r B'VO the Citizens of Rutnuio county, Geor-
-H. gia—After returning you my thanks for the many favor*
ug you my lhanks for the many favor*
e.for tho last eight years, permit roe to inform
:ie.ve occurred which make it both to my
conferred upon ..
rou that cireumstances have
nterest and comfort to remove from this county, and in doing so,
the oftice which you have conferrtl upon me becomes vacant; writb
the hope that you may be enabled to supply that vacancy. With
"ime individual qualified to render you more service than my-
If, I subscribe myself under many obligations for your liberal
itronage.
T. B. REES.
CCORDING to ii Bye-Lttw adopted by
L the BOARD OP PHYSICIANS OP OEOUU1A, .1 their
Into session, eneb im-inh.-r.il the Buanl is roquire.1 to forward to
tin Dean, the name and residence of every person to whom they
grant temporary license, immediately after granting it, wilU the
date ol the same, in order that they may he recorded. Appli
cant* are reminded that they are required to write Theses, which
are to lie handed tome, before, or on the first day of the meeting of
the Board. Those who wish their names entered as candidates,
enn have it done by sending me their names, residenre, and title
ol I hesis, and paying the postage ol their letters. Their exam=
seven branches oi the science of Medicine, according to a by
law of the Board. A. JONES, M. D. Dean.
Lexington, Ga. Jan 19—eo3m
C HATTAHOOCHEE FRACTIONS to
Rent—The subscriber will rent on moderate terms, the fol-
• -w ing Fractions, all lying in tae county, and ou the Chattuhod-
cbee River, viz : No**50, 354. 355. 356, 380, 361.in the8thdistrict,
containing upwards of 600 acres, 15(1 to 200 •! w hich are cleared.
Nos34.5, 357, 358. in the 21st district, nil containing over 400
acres, 70 or 80 me cleared.
Nos 287, 288, 289. inthe22d district,first quality land, with some
improvements thereon. Applications be made to the subscriber
living in Eatonton, I'utoni i county,
decomber 29—31
K. MACKENZIE
G
EORGIA M ADE CASTOR OIL, of
nil excellent quality, just manufactured by the subsrr'Vr,
Jasper county, near Monticcllo, which he will sell low, by
the bottle, gallon, or doxcii, and lie solicit* the medical men mid
merchant* of the up-country, to send their orders for the article
to Montieello, nml vvilldelivcr any quantity at their houses. The
Oil has been examined nnd used by physicians, misjudged to be
i 12—It
ny obtained from the
DAVID A. REESE.
KUNA WAY on the 30tli June,
*-ip V from Macon, a MULATTO GIRL naoieil MA-
H Y, 23 years old, has a burn on the right side of her neck ami on
her rigid nrin, that on her neck extends to the ear. it is likely she
ha* gone to Twiggs, as she lias lieen heard from in that vicinity.—
Any person vvlio will apprehend her, nnd deliver her to mo in
Macon,or *ecure her either in any safe Jail,shall receive a reward
H 20 Dollars. SINAH RUSSELL.
Macon, Nov 20
f ASFEK County, Georgia.—Lemuel O.
I.avv i cure, of (Jnpt. Davidson's dist. tolls before E. Dodson,
and Jeremiah Ruth to 40 dollars, 19th Dec. iw2R.
A. R. lUICHANNON, Oik
B OOK BINDING.—The Subscriber hits
on hand a good stock of materials, in his line of business,
with wjiich lie w ill be aide to execute all kinds of work, in a neat
and substantial manner. Tlie public may rely on having orders
executed promptly. Blank Books will be kept on hand of every
description; and will be also made to order, for Cash only, on as
good terms as at any other place in the State.
EDWARD JOHNSON, Book-Binder.
Milledgevllle. March8 tl
fMAO whom it in ay concern. George W.
-B- Dillingham gives notice of Ids intention to close his con
cern* in Jones vountv.—All persons indebted are res]>ertfully re
quested m make enrlv payment, nnd to enable them to do so, he
will give Id* personal attention with his notes, books, Si accounts,
at bis Store in Clinton. He will receive Cotton at the highest
market prices.Clinton. Dec. 29—If
I N consequence of the continued illness of
Mr. COOPER, the firm of CRAFT, COOPER k Co. is this
day di*solved by mutual r
11 pupils <■
and military,of tbi* Slat?, to aid ancl insist in tin- nepn-ln-mlinc
and sffuringthe aforesaid persons, if to be found willtin tlie limit.
^ ' ’(liven under my hand, and tlie Great Seal of the state, at the
State House in Milledgeville, this Bill day of January, in he
year of our Lord eivhteen hundred and twenty-nine, mid ol
American Independence tlie fifty-third.^]^ FOKsyT „
Hy the HAMILTON, Secretary nf Stnte.
jan 12-21
N7IOR SALE OR LEASE.—-I offer niy
WARE-HOL'SES for «ate—tl
ind are so conveniently nrranc
3Sotn t?ie place—att'ai-hed to Un-Ware
•tantial Wharf. The payments will be made eas) t«» tin purclm-
Per—or I will lease them lor three or five ami w^H pn.mise
my aid ami my influence, (or as far as it
inote the lntere*t of tiifi person who bny
Macon, Jan 12—3t
r -iiv» ow. .••• sale they are weft situated 'or husi-
tiers, nnd are’to'coitverdentiy arransed. that fe - -
Tuition.
Junior class per quarter,
Senior class per quarter,
French class per quarter,
Music class per quarter,
Draw ing class per quarter,
year, the follow ing i
December 22—eow2vv.
JOHN T. LAMAR.
NOTICE
ERSOXS indebtPtl to
M ^ are requested to moke
found at hit old .tnnd, now Joe
the Siilist-.nht-r,
dinte payment He will lie
VTONTON AC V DEMY.—The Tms-
tees of Eatonton Academy are desirous to engage the s
vices of a suitable person to take rliargi-of the Female Depn
inent of the Eatonton Academy, lor the
E
.1, anu t*o* >. .-i.)auiu i<i, in me
ul B. and Nos 56. 116, 232, 417, 1:.7an«l
nksof(‘‘
Jl'MEsWilif field, >
ROBERT WhrARNEg, Eon™il»;oner,.
JOHN MERCER, J _
The Editors of tin- ('on*titutionnli*t, Savannah Qeor.rian, Pa
rian Gazette, Macon Messenger,and Athenian, will give tic* alioCe
eight weekly in*ortions in their respective papers, conuneiicing
as early as possible, unles*otherwise, instructed by the Coinmls-
I. r AI,l'ABI.E I’KOI'ER TYT—-^A~(rreat
w Bargnin.—The •■uhscrilier expecting to spend part hi-
time in the low country, offers the'fnllow inir valuable PLANTA
TIONS lor *ale on gooit terms.or on a I. > lea*efor rent
I jii I acres ol land ou the Appalnrlm- R • i M.u berry’s creel,
in one body—about 20*i acre* open lunil, and about l:(>0 acres of tin
remainder good land for cultivation. On the premise* there is n
fine42-aw gin cr.rried by water nnd about 5(,(i bushels of corn.
Tlie land i* *iliiat'*d a limit 10 milesfrom Monroe. Walton county,
and lb mile* from A*hem—said to be a* well watered by fine
spi ings, and as In iRh> a situation as any In Georgia. Tlie premi
ses will be sold low fur cash, negroes,or on a long credit.
Al*o25n acre* of land, 4 mile* from Covington, on tbe road to
Madison, about I 1-2 miles from Jefferson Academy; tlie land lie*
•1|, and about 30 acre* of open land, in a fine neighborhood, a
‘ '• •’ —' *— land to cultivate.
nvingtnii, with a good grist nnd
ry handy to the
III (ill CRAFT,
JOSEPHB GREENE
WfOTlCE.—Tlie po-partnership heretofore
11 existing between the subscribers has been this day dissolv
ed iiy mutual consent. All persons indebted to the firm will call
on Mr. John Pitt, vv Ini is authorised lo settle the debts and to wind
up tlie husinesnof said firm. GEORGE L. McGEIIEE.
janunrv 10,1829—3t— 29 JOHN PITT.
TOTOTICE.—Lost a few days past, in the
jL^ rounty of Oglethorpe, a Promissory Note given hy Joel
for 7(‘dollars—I do forwarn all |n-r
;a£[e
from trading forisnid note.
. A GIIVL'D 1.1. I.
AQIIILLA GREER, his x mark
\\ ONDERFUI, RAIUJAIN.-Thesub-
TT w-rihi-r u-i.li,!.toh?H orront ft STORK HOUSE. Mtua-
WI.NCHKSTER III. MAS.
*N. M. Any (u-rsnn. wishing tn purrlmw tin- sunn- witliii, wi-ll
mil nun t smlnv Hu- nliovp nnini-il pmniios. ns I will takr gooil i
gr.i pi'ojtertjr, or purt cash nml good psp,. r in pa,nu-nt for the
"’Jan 12—(t
"rri-s of oin
, and very fr
v mill, and a quantity of fine pine lumber, ail
/ 27
A TEACHER wanted, to take charge of
J. jL DeKalii county Academy. All applicant*- wilHie expecte*
to furnish *:itisfactory testimonial* nf their qualllic.iimns and go.«i
moral character. Persons wishing to engage, w tlj do
ply at a* early a period as possible,
union should go into operation
next. Byorde “ 1
no v 20—fit
the i
I tlie Trustees
DUCATION.—The Clinton Academy
-A vv ill again be opened, for tlie rerepti »n oi Students tin the
6th of January, 1829, under the direction oi Thomas B. Slade, Esq.
and C ft. Elliott, A. M.
By order of tin* Board of Tr»isiee«.
ian 12—iu3tn
mill, w ith from 69to70acre*of open land ; the place well
ed with fine springs, and *aitl to be very healthy, and a beautiful
ftiluution for a farm, and tlie mill* will always hove vvlial grinding
ami sawing they can do.
Abo, on a long lease, thnt well know n place,(’ED \R SHOALS,
on Yellow River, on tlie road from Covington lo McDomuigli, on
which there i- two grist nnd two saw mill*, a .50 saw gin, threshintr
machine, store-house, -mith-shop and tools, large harn.gooddwel-
ling house, stables, and other out-bidldlng*. There Is 607 acres
of laud in the Irani. ami the pine timber on 1200, all convenient to
I*-** ntiib The gi i't mill* make from into I2oo bushels of grain
«rly grintiing. TheSLoal on the River is said, hy good
ul l.v
nil bar
ifi. re is’oi’i the premi-e* about lOUneresof open la
state for cultivation- Either ot t he above premises
on good terms, and if on a long credit the pi
own security for pnymei
it i*
uld lie s«d.
stand theli
A lease would lie preferred for tin
last described.
The subserilier ha*> n Iso some vnlttablelots in McDonough, !!<•
rv county, nnd 138, in the 7tl» did of *aid count) . a fine lot of Ian
d.out 2 mile* from Mcl)oiiou-h ; w ith other valuable ltd* ol lai.
in Coweta, Cnrroll, Troup, Muscogee, and Lee counties, nil •
»v iiich will be sold a- above. For further particular*
Cellar Shoals, and alter October to tlie Subscriber in f
or Jolin Boston at Cedar Shoals
*cpt ?2
^t*2> REWARD.—Lost on the Flint
Rivei Rond, near Pindcrtown, a mortgage, made
Rowe Harris io Natliuu Maples,on a certain negro man named
Care), for the payment of 25n dollars, 1 note made by Barr ol
county, for about 250 dollar*, ami another made hy James
Lambert, of Decatur t minty, for 50dollars, with a credit of 30 dol
lars, anti 9 dollars in it nn»-y, together with sundry other paper* of
value. The above reward will be given by the subscriber for the
above described papers ; nnd all persons are hereby cautioned
against trading for any of the said papers. I shall apply to the
i to establish the above described pupers according to Jaw
llainhritlge, Geo. Jan 12—1t 3d*
NATHAN MARLES
EORGIA, Futiium county.—Mark A.
H Cooper administrator on tin* estate ol Newton Cooper,
der’d. applies for letter* of dismission—
therefore to cite the kindred ami creditors of said dec’d,
to he ami appeal at my office, within the time prescribed by law,
shew cause, if any they have,
not be granted.
Given under my
august 30—m6m
Iiy said letter* of dismission should
hand this 22d day of August, 1828.
THAI). II. KKES.C. C. O
C ‘1 EORGIA. Wasliiiigton county.—Solo-
W n.o- R Vickery administrator on the estate of William
lur letter* of dismission therefrom—
ite Hie kindred ami creditors ofsaiddet
ithin the time prescrihetl Iiy law , to shew
s therefore tn
anv'they have, w h) *aid letters should liot’be granted,
e- del u ) hum I thi* !*l tla v of September. 1828.
. , 9 FRANCIS T. TKNMLLK. C. C.O
•tMl f.L J BRYAN
P I TN VM Ccmntv, Georgia John R
» tut It, niliniitUtrat.tr on thentato of Jamas Murpltt-y
i iplie* !m letters «>| diiini;*iou Iruro said estate—
'I bis t* ilit - 1 cfoi e io rite the kindred anti creditors of said dec’d
to app< tr a*. m> oflin . wiihir. the tone prescribed by law, to she
I I! VI). B. REES, (.’
LErrEn
From EDWARD LIV NGSTON, E«q. to RO
BERTS VAUX, on the Rd«antan>-a of the
Pemisylvtiia s),iein of Prison D ripline, for
the A|>pli(-alion of which the new Penitentiary
has been constructed near Philadelphia, be
be.
Red Hook, N. Y. Oct 35, I83U.
You are one of the »ery ew, my good friend,
tn whom at this period of general excitement,
I could venture to speak with the hope of being
listened to. on anv other topic then those of the
election or the tariff. Whatever may he our opin
ions nnd preference on these subjects yet there
are others which have so much engrossed out
thoughts, and interested our feelings, thnt we
have never found time lo settle between us tbe
great concerns of tbe nation, mid have conversed
more frequently on reforms in penal law ami
ptison discipline, than on those required in thi
government of the country. Leaving, then, the
majority of tbe people under the direction of
that wise Prttvidence, which speaks through
their voice, to determine In tween tlie candidates
for their favour, let mo endeavour, by this letter,
to supply s<<m« observations 1 was prevented
from offering to you, verbally, by u-.y sudden
departure when lust in your city.
T- t- substitution of labor as a punishment, in-
stead of death und other bodily stiff rings, has at
different periods, entered into the theories of in
genious writers, and in some degree inti the prac
lice of certain nations; hut I think you have suf
ficiently shown, thnt to Pennsylvania, and the wist-
foresight nf its Philanthropic founder, we owe
h. Crst successful experiment to prove that se
lusion and labnroiis habits may be made the
means at once of punishment, reformation and ex
ample. False eronomy, and fatal inattention to
the ptinciples which produced this success, de
stro)ed its effects almost as soon ns they wer*
felt; and in Pennsylvania, as well as in all thi
states which had followed her example, the sys
tem was found tu be inefficient in the exact de
gree in which the seclusion became less strict
ant in which the labor was enforced Iiy chains or
stripes. The promiscouB association uf convicts
produced an enoimous increase both in the num
ber and atrocity of offent-es; and It became evi
dent that no reform could he expected, while it
was suffered to eftist. Classification had been
tried in England, and partially here, hut is was
found tn be an iccomptete remedy—that systi m
could only be perfected by individual seclusion;
because even when the class was reduced to two,
one ol them Wi-ulti generally be found qualified
to corrupt Lh« other; and if the rare case should
occur, of two persons who had arrived at the
same precise point for depravity, and the rarei
circumstance of the keepers discernment being
successfully employed io associating them, tfaeii
ii-prnxinintion would increase the common stock
of guilt. The conviction of this truth, and the
necessity of providing a remedy for the evil ap
-tears lu have suggested different plana, all of
them in different degrees rorrective of the pres
ent abuse. The corrupting influence of promis
ettous association was found to be greatest du
ring the night, when unchecked by the presence
of keepers, unemployed by labur, every ouportu-
tnnity was offered for confirming old offenders,
y- ct'lfei! n *lln e o^vtovliVlll , ^^>»e^nt■oV e ftler^^u^e , ,
was a seperate dormitory for each convict To
continue this seclusion during the day, would be
expensive, because I he accommodations must be
enlarged, and the indemnity to be eapected from
the prisoner's solitary labor would be less if he
were employed, or nothing if he weie kept in
idleness. Economy here again intervened, and
suggested that strict discipline during the day
might supply the place of seclusion, prevent cor
rupting intercourse, and increase the profils of
the estahment hy forced .v,d social labor: This
is Uhe foundation of Mr. Lynds’ plan. It has
been adopted al Auburn and Sing Sing, and with
a partial sucres, which I much fear may arrest the
penitentiary system in its progress to that point
"f perfection at which all its advocates expect it
to arrive.
It may have this effect in two ways—first, by
making us content with a partial improvement,
nnd relaxing our endeavours to perfect it; but
principally by the urror of attributing to the sys
tern effects which are only due to the talent by
which it is conducted ;just as the worst govern
ment may he so administered as to produce more
prosperity than the best, when the power is pla-
eed in had hands. Compared with the discipline
in the prisons of New-Ynrk, Philadelphia, Balti
more, and I may add, most of the otiier peniten
tiaries of the United States, that of Auburn and
Sing Sing is greatly superior; but it due| not
and cannot from the nature of things, over ap
proach perfection, if we allow reformation to en
ter into our views, and if we wish to guard against
the abuse of authority The founder of tbe sys
tern did not expect reformation. lu a letter with
which he favored me aome time ago, on the sub
ject, he considered it as hopeless; and although
by the late returns, it appears (list a portion of the
convicts have shown s gns of amendment after
their discharge, yet they are too few in propor
tion to the whole number: and the time is too
short to give any certainly of the system produ
cing this eff- ct. Where fifty or sixty convicts,
selected for their aptitude for a particular trade
or work, not from any fitness nf moral feeling
are associated in the same shop, it is nextto an im
poeibility that one or two keepers should prevent
their communication with each other, be those
keepers ever so vigilant, even supposing them to
he inaccessible tn corruption, or to a feeling cf
compassion inconsistent with duty. Here again
I have the authority of Mr. Lynds, who tells
me in substance, that his greatest difficulty was tn
find keepers who were not apt to err on the side
nf indulgence. But suppose this difficulty con
quered, and the convicts placed under the imme
dinte inspection nf task masters, willing to en
force the most rigid discipline—one keeper to eve
ry ten would not he sufficient to watch the whis
pers, the looks, the.sig's, hy whieh the association
of ideas and reminiscence of guilt would he kept
up, nnd plans of new arrangements formed to be
executed on their discharge—and were there no
other knowledge gained, that of each other’s per
son is a serious objection to this social labor.
It is not extraordinary that this system should
have admirers, every visiter must admire the
eleanliness, order, laborious exertion, und si
Jence which reign in the shops, and the military
parade of the convicts as they march to and from
their labor is imposing. But the visiter does
not see, nor can tbe keeper see, at all times the
signs of intelligence, or hear the whispers of
eomraunicalinn that are made, and must, from
tlie nature nf things, he made, between the most
abandoned felons, working for years in the same
shop, within a few feet of each other. Strict
discipline, we are told, prevents this—those who
-re detected are instantly punished, and the fear
of a new infliction keeps them silent. It will make
'Item cautious, hut it must change their nature,
nnt only as malefactors, but as men if it does
not increase their desire of communicating
with each other while there is a possibility nf
doing it unobserved ; and that such a possibility
exists it would be vain to deny—not only during
the time of labor, when a word addressed to U
standing within a few feet could not bo heard fur-
iher than was intended, by reason of the clanking
of hammers, and the noise of machinery, hut
along the fine of tho lock march, in going to and re ]
turning from labour, when the lips of each mao ar
placed within a few Inches of the ear of the ool I
who pim-des him, a situation indtfinitely we! I
calculated for passing the word of revolt or eo ,1
tablising conventional signs of intelligence fron I
the rear to the front of tne line almost with elec I
trical rapidity. The endeavor to overcome I
these facilities for communication, although
nan never perfectly succeed must bo sustained b4
placing unlimited power in tbe hands, not only ol
the warden, but of every subordinate keeper
Immediate chastisment by the infliction of stripes
—the whole system is based upon this. Eve
ry under keeper may beat any convict with!
out any kind of restriction. He has only la
suppose an irreverent lot k, or a sign of In
telligence, and it is his duty to apply the whip-
there can be no check. He says he saw a sig
made by one convict to another; the convict de-j
niet-fiaving made or intended it, and he is beaten
—not only to punish him for having made the
sign, but, until he confesses that he did make it..
This is not only whnt may happen, but what has -
happened, and what has recieved the solemn sane--,
tion of a court of justice, as a oecessaiy and I*- I
gal power to he vested, not in the warden or in-f
specters, but in the under keepers. Now, will!
any one say, that this power vested in snbordin-f
ate hands is not liable to he abused, and, it is de-
dared to he discretionary ahust-d with in punity ;s
or that a system which can only he supported hy '
such an investiture of power can be, as it hast
been termed, a perfect model for imitation? Tl. e j
worst portion of it, in my opinion, is not the fa-
c lity it gives to corrupting associations or lo ar-
ranging pi -ns of escape. In both these pai ticu- I
lats it is infiniti-l)' superior to any other exisliog I
institution of (hr kind. But it is in this, that it an-1
ables the Inwest officer of the penitentiary, at hia t
will, to alter the punishment directed hy law, to I
one that the law has discarded as too unequal, j
and demoralizing, and degradii • to be inflicted, jj
and thus to increuse the punishment of a slight]
offence to a degree greater than that designated
for <ine of a deeper dye;—And in this, that a
system of labour carried on h\ stripes is not (for
tne reasons stated in my introductory report to
w. o
the code of prison discipline) calculated to pro-
ducc reformation, which 1 hold to be a most f
senlial object in any planof criminal law.
As opposed lo this system I have ventured to
propose one based upon labour in seclusion ; as a
relief from seclusion without labour ; succvetfrd
gradually by instruction, and Inhour in classified
society ; labour not coerced, hot granted as a fa
vour ; and instruction given as a reward of indus
try and good conduct, not enforced as a laok.
You will have <o-eo the details in my code of
prison discipline. Whether your opinionn St|mine
agree as tn those details I know not, but lam sure
tve do in the utility of seclusion, accmpanietl by
ninral, religious and scientific instruction, and us-
efnl manual labour.
I was myself deceived hy supposing that tbe
report of the Committee of the Senate* had been
adopted as t 1 e groundwork of your penitentiary
discipline, and that absolute solitude, without la-
hour, was to be substituted for your preeent plan.
But your verbal explanation has convinced me of
my error, and I wonder exceedingly that those
in your several instructive publications have not
also convinced others, that the design of the new
Philadelphia Penitentiary is not to inflict the
dreadful punishment of absolute solitude without
1-- f _u *—*, * Tliie has been
improperly assumed io all tbe paralwiu
the Auburn discipline end thnt of your state; and
discarding (as is very properly done) the diacip-
cipline of the old penitentiary, the question hss
la-en argued as if the consequence of not taking
the Auburn plan would be a resort to absolute
oKtiid>- as a punishment. If this were the cese
I should be inclined to adopt the former with all
its inconveniences. But not believing this lo be
s necessary alternative, I cannot but lament tbe
efforts that are making (o induce your legislature
io abandon the experiment which your noble
building is so well calculated for making with
effect Your state has gone to great expense to
-olve, by experiment, (the best of all mesne) tbe
great questions, whether convicts cannot, by a
ill ioua treatment, be reformed as well as pun-
shad hy the same proceeds ; whether thsy may
not be m»d>- examples to follow in their lives al
ter punishment, as they are examples to avoid in
their conduat preceding it. Whether the whip
is (he most proper instrument to inculcate lessons
of religion, morality, industry, and science ; and
whether a man will love labour the belter for
having been forced by the infliction or tba fear
of the lash to perform a certain quantity af it
everyday? Wuulditbe wise tu ubandun this
experiment at the very moment that you have
incurred all the expense it required, and overcome
all the difficulties it at first presented ? Besides,
it seems to me, that if I were a Pennsylvanian,
without the fullest conviction that the plan devised
by Pennsylvania, and so successfully executed in
the state afterwards, was impracticable, I seould
never consent lo abandon it for one founded on
directly opposite principles. I should feel some
state pride (and surely there can be no better
foundation on which to place it) in showing that,
as Pennsylvania was tbe first to propose the sys
tem, so she would have the credit of bringing
it to perfection. I would not be dazzled by the
praise that ha9 been bestowed on the Auburn plan
or debarred hy the erroneous view that has been
taken of your own ; I would closely scrutinize
'he former, to discover to what part its success'
indue ; I would follow that,hut would not copy
those parts which diverge from the principles on
hich all penitentiary punishments ought to be
''ounded. The seclusion by night, which Mr.
Lynds introduced, was a great step towardr per
fection the indiscriminate association hy day was
a retrogade movement, the ill effects of whieh are
partially counteracted hy the severe discipline of
personal chastisement by stripes a practice more
injurious than the evil it purports to correct. I
am not in what I say to you, and have published
to the world On this subject, governed hy any
sickly feeling of compassion for the sufferings of
convicts. If I had the powers, and thought them
necessary to prevent crime, I couid direct pun
ishments as strongly as those who entertain opin
ions diff-rent from mine. But I believe convict*
to be men, had men it is true, but bad from ex
ample, from poverty, from vice, from idleness,
from intemperance, fr< n the indulgence of evil
passions ; that there are not many who, by coun
teracting these causes cannot be reclaimed ; and
that you do more good and save more expense to
the state, and seeure the safety of its citizens in
a greater degree, bv reforming one of them, than
by punishing, and then releasing ten others. The
punishment of these ten acts on their fears, and
on those nf others, as an example, but so does
the punishment which you have reformed the
one ; he will have no inclination to reiume his
inroads on society ; the teo others will recur to
theirs upon every occasion on which they flatter
i llcnn selves that it can be done will) impunity;
and of all calculations of false economy the great
est is that which considers the cost of reforming
a prisoner as a useless expense. Discharging an
onreformed thief, is tantamount to authorizing a
tax of an unlimited amount to he raised on indi
viduals.—Calculate the amount annually lost by
theft alone, besides the property destroyed hy
other offences; and you will find it amounts to a
much larger sum than the interest of all those
which are required for your reformitory establish
ments ; and this expense is borne by a few un
fortunate individuals perhaps tho least able to
sustain it.—Therefore it would he no false estion-