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the Western or Pacific Ocean were oertainly no‘
comi'riaed within the cession, but already the
l/. States have possession of them.
When Jl.de Morbois gave the First Consul
an account nfthis conference, &■ pointed out tlio
obscurity of the article and the inconvenience
which might result from a stipulation so uncer
tain, the latter observed—“ if lliore were no
obscurity in it, perhaps it would he good policy
to introduce some."
According to the second article, " the vacant
lands, the grounds, the public squares anil
buildings, llm fort9 and fortifications, ami other
edifices which arc not the property of any indi
viduol were comprised within the cession. The
archives, papers and documents, directly rein
live to the domain and the sovereignty of Lou
isiana, were to bo left to the United States, mid
copies in a good form of all these necessary pa
pors and documents were remitted to the legal
magistrates and ailininistrators."
The stipulations of the 3d article founded
tipon a perfect equality among the inhabitants
ofllio province, were easily acceded to by the
negotiators, all three plehians. "They insure
to ell incorporation into the Union, ns soon ns
possible, according to the principles of the fiul-
• r.tl constitution, Se in the interim, mointninnnee
und protection in the enjoyment of their liber
ties and property and in the, exercise of the re
ligion which they profess.” This nrtielo was
prepared by the first Consul himself. The
words lie used on this occasion, recorded in the
journal of tlio negotiation, nro worthy of being
preserved. “ May the Louisianians know that
we separato ourselves from them with regret,
and that we stipulate in their favour nil that
they can desire, and may they reeollert that
tney have been FrenelmiUn, and that France
in g,t ing them up, lias secured for them advan
tages which they never would have obtained
under tlio government, however kind, of an
1 European mother country. May they cherish
for us, them S' litiineiits.of affection, and tnny a
common origin, parentage, language, ns well
us common custom, perpetuato our friendship.
The (illi article contained n stipulation in lii
M r ofllio Indians, “ which,” said Mr. Monroe,
‘ it heroines us to make, though this people will
ever remain ignorant ol’tho core wo take of
their interests." It runs thus : “ The United
Slntcs promise tn execute the treaties and urti
vies which may have been agreed upon between
Spain and the indigenous nations.”
The 7tli nrtielo expressed a reservation which
was then deemed important for the commerce
of Franco ami Spain. It was of “ the faculty
of carrying from the ports of those two king
doms, or from those of their colonies, into the
ports of Louisiana, their niereliundizc and pro-
duets during tlio space of twelve years, with
out being subjected to other or heuvier duties,
Ilian iliD&tufthirli urn imposed mi the inhabi
tants of
not a si
tlio tcri 1
usa.jgl,ii-
» ■flUfrc
ri^^Wth
nited Stoles.” It is believed that
leneli vessel lias ever profited by
this article, in consequence of
(lie rupture oftlie pence of Amicus, which
ettrred at the epoch when the treaty of cession
Was signed. The war lasted for nearly twelve
years, during which time the commerce of Lou
isians, which had hitherto been enjoyed exclu
sively by the French under the Spanish flag,
passed into the hands of tlio Englmli and the
Americans, and the loss of St. Domingo comple
ted ihe separation.
The fitli article, which secures for the French
sassets tlio treatment usually extended to tli
of the most favoured nation, has engendered
discussions, of which it would he useleJS to an
ticipnlc the issue. '•
Such nro the principal stipulations of the trea
ty of cession-
Two important conventions which wore sign
«d the same day as the treaty, were thereto an
nexed, and rcrogni.wd ns possessing the suilin
force, and entitled l^lio same performance, as
if they had been inserted in it. The first was
relative to tiio piiymcutrof the price of the e.es
tsion. This matter hndTormed the subject of
an act distinct |from the truuty, hoeause ember
rassinont had been experienced a 1 the idea of
an oom)i»i/, K that tho sovereignly oftlie riomuin
tvns abandoned at the same time that tho bene
3 t derived from its possession was bartered for
an equivalent in money. For tho rest, the tie
ecssity ot the cession being acknowledged, it
was easy to justify its conditions. The motives
which occasioned it, had been indicated by the
First Consul himaelf, and are hero assigned.
During the space of a century, the establish-
incut and administration of Louisiana, exacted
advances from tho French and Spanish govern
ments, for which they never received uny in
demnity from its commerce. The churches, the
fortifications, the forts constructed upon tlio
Lanksof the Mississippi and of other rivers, and
u considerable number of public edifices, were
erected at the expense oftlie two powers.
Magazines und arsenals had been built ; funds
Itad been advanced for the nronintiou of com
merce and of agriculture ; and a mass of other
expenditures had been incurred for tho uilvan
tago oftlie colony. The documents of the ces
eion made to Hpnin in 17(il, contninnd arrange
ments, relniivo to the niovonhlo property that
was ceded. What follows is extracted f.-niii a
a letter of Louis XV. to M. D’Almilie. "My
wish is especially (hut an inventory doubly sign
ed by you and the commissary of his Catholic
Majesty, he made of all the artillery, etfects,
magazines, hospituls, vessels, &r. which belong
to me i n the aforesaid colony, in order that af
ter having surrendered the possession of the
vessels nod edifices to the aforesaid eommissa
ry, u process verbid may he made to estimato all
the effects which will remain in those places,
the price of which will he reimbursed by his
Catholic. Majesty on the footing of tlio afore-
said estimation. ’ The same reimbursement is
exacted in a letter written on the 1.1th Oetuher,
ISO 1 *, hv the King of Spain to tho Captain Gen-
eral, for the pupose of ordering hint to deliver
the province of Louisiana to the commissary of
the Fiencli Govoruineut, These reservations
were inconsiderable, it must lie confessed ;
besides, they were, nothing more than a stipu
lation of form. Dot the First Consul reirar-
ded the mutter of remuneration in a differ
cut point of view. This valuation in mon
ey of a sovereign right, which was formerly
so familiar to the princes of Europe, being a
necessary clause in ttic proceeding, he was uux-
• ous that tho burden ofcomplyiug with it should
not be imposed on the country which was cod
ed. A price, whatever it might be, could not
be stipulated fot a blessing such ns indepen
denee, und would Imvo tarnished its lustre.
A sum wus paid by the United States, not aim
ply as in the proceeding cessions and retro-ces
sions, for moveable property, hut ns the price of
the vast territories they were about to acquire,
and the great increase of power which would
accrue in consequence to the general union. —
The cession occasioned no injury to France,
hut was of immense udvuutage to the United
Flutes.
The First Consul thought that he had nindo
a high valiialii
millions of francs. Hot the French plenipoten
tiary, without consulting hint, judged ibises
lunation too moderate, ami as soon as the price
became the object of a conference, said that he
had fi.xed-it tit eighty millions, and that it would
he useless to propose a reduction.
The American plenipotentiaries in first ob
jected to this sunt, us they were not invested
with special powers to consent to the payment
oftlie price demanded. " Our fellow citizens."
said Mr. Livingston, "entertain a great uver-
fcinn to public debts ; how thru shall we, with
out incurring their displeasure, impose upon
tuftit the enormous contribution of fifteen mill
ions of dollars r” Jiut M, do Mat hois persisted
' i l..s demand, and supported it by various at -
numuits, lending to show that this sum was fur
* .'(Jill Lcili •• Uil ntlMIlllulft l , illt 'l)PIIKijlillM liir llio
would he to the United Flatus. The two pleni
potentiaries finally aequiesced, on condition
that twenty millions of frana should ho deduct
ed from the eighty, anil employed in paying
what was due from France to the inhabitants
oftlie United States for captures illegally made.
The proposal meeting wiih no opposition, this
matter wnscompletely settled.
Tho mode of proceeding to payment at first
presented some difficulties. It was, however,
finally performed through the medium of hank
ing houses estiihlished in London and Amster
dam, (the French Imnkers having refused to en
gage in apeeuniary affair of such importance,)
with the greatest punctually and good-faith.
When it wns announced to the First < 'omul,
who had watched with lively interest tho pro
gress of the negotiation, that the 80 millions of
francs had been reduced to sixty, by the deduc
tion which Imd been made for the purpose of
liquidating the debt ofFrance towurds the
Americans, lie said, with sharpness to the
French minister, forgetting or feigning to for
get that he him«elf had fixed upon only 50 mill
ions : " I desire tlmt those 20 millions he res
tored to tlio trcnsitry. Who lias authorised
you to dispose of the funds of theState? The
rights of tli» claimants should follow ours.”—
But this little ebullition was (non calmed by
enlling to his recollection that he had previous
ly consented to treat fur a smaller sum even
than (lie treasury had gained, without inelud
ing the twenty millions reserved for indemnify
ing the Americans. " It is true,” he cried, “ the
negociation leaves tne nothing to desire: sixty
Ulilliolisfurnpnssessionwhic.h perhaps would
not lint a day ! It is my wish that France
should enjoy this expected cnpital, and that she
may do so by means from which her navy shall
derive benefit."
The following words convey a good idea of
the sentiments winch then nrtiinled the First
Consul. “ Tiiis accession,” said he, “ ha
strengthened however the power of the United
Stutes, and I have just given to England it mari
time rival, who sooner or later will humble her
pride.”
The original instruments were drawn up in
French. They were afterwards translated in
to English, a labour which ocrupiud three days,
and this circumstance was the case why the
treaties concluded on the .301 It of April, 1803,
and hearing that date, were not in fact signed
until four days after. Outlie 22d of May, the
day on which hostilities commenced between
England ami France, Bonaparte gave his rati
fication to the treuty of cession, without wait
ing for that of the United States, which, how
ever was soon after accorded. It wns uecessa-
ry for Inm to do sy, in order tlmt the ur.com-
lilislimcnt ofevery formality on the part of
France, might leave no room to consider the
colony ns appertaining still to that country, so
that uny attempt nf the British upon Louis
mini, would lie directed agniust nil American
province, and give occasion forjust complaints
outlie part of the Union.
Tlio object of Mr. Monroe's mission wns on
ly known at Lotidihi by means of the tenor of
the resolutions of Congress. Ilis arrival ut Par
is had excited the utteiitiun oftlie English Am
Imssndor- But the secret oftlie conferences
wus so well kept, that Lord Whitworth hud
not tlio slightest suspicion that the result of
them was the cession ofLouisiana. When this
ufftiir was terminated, the French cabinet ecus
cd to temporise. II. M. W.
In the icCent expression of the will of the
people of the Union, with regard t..the gener
at Administration, it lias been consolatory to
me to observe the large and respectable por
tion nfthent, who, though not composing a tna
jnrity of tho whole, yet comprised upwards of
half a million of suffrages, and proclaimed liv
those suffrages their npprohntiun of my hum
hie hilt faithful efforts to sorve my country, it
tins been peculiarly so to mo to perceive, that
the support nf those who had extended to me
their confidence in ndvnnce, has in a very few
instances been withdrawn, while that of whole
states which had judged less favourable before,
has been generously yielded to mo now. Of
these New Jersey herself is one; and permit
mo tonvnil myself of this occasion to extend
to the whole of her pure, unsophisticated truly
linpuhlicnn and intelligent population, my
heart felt thanks for that support. Let me add
that in one ofher native sons, I have found as
an assistant in the arduous duties to mv station,
a man with a heart ns pure as it is given to ho
man nnture to possess, with a mind capable of
those conceptions which lead nations to the
paths nf glory, with n promptitude and enercy
nf union, which disappointment cannot discour
age, nor the infirmities of disease depress.—
The navy of this Uriio-t will remember him
long. Nor is it, I trust, within the eompnss ol
that I shall cherish tlio n9surance of your ap
probation extended to them.
With regard to those apprehensions of fo
luro evil whi' li your Solicitude for tin welfare
of our country has inspired, in looking forward
to the administration of my successor, it be
comes mo perhaps only tn say, tlini I hope tliej
may prove unfounded. To a President of the
United Slates, the favor of the people is an in
sirument of beneficient power, more potent
than nil imperial sceptre Bui it is in the for
tunes of nations, and especially in the improve
ment of their condition, tliut the history of their
benefactors must he traced. It is in the ages
of posterity this history must he read. If in the
reform of abuses which have escaped tho vigi
lance of my observation, the President of the
United States shall introduce none of deeper
consequence, nnd of more alarming magnitude,
1 shall, myself he ready to mingle in the voice of
graitilatinn at the deeper penetration or more
efficient energy which shall disrern the latent
defect nnd apply the corrective remedy.—
Should the promise of reform itself he wasted
upon trifles, ttndiscernihle to the eye of poster
ity, or lie spent upon the palpitations of heart
between the incumbent and tho expectant of
official emoluments, the nation will enjoy lutle
hrnelii and suffer little injury by the change. —
That is not a plant, the root nf which will strike
political vicissitude, to withhold him long from to the centre, or the stem of winch will asceii
To John Quitter Adams, late President of the
United Mutes.
Sir—-A number of your fellow citizens of the
counties of Essex und Middlesex, in tho state of
New Jersey, grateful for your past services
to the Republic, and believing that the purest
motives and most patriotic principles have go
verned your conduct through a long course of
public life, cunitot consent to let you pass into
retirement without some puMioexpression oftlie
kind feelings they entertain towards yen, find
the hope that tlio eveningofyour days may he
passed in tho enjoyment of that trniiquili“ - liicli
is the only lot of the good ; und that you may
continue to witness your country in the posses
sion of that rational liberty, nnd that prosperi
ty, public and private, which yourself nnd your
father, in conjunction with u numerous band
of patriots nnd sages, have contributed so greut-
ly to establish.
In thus conveying to you our assurances of
respoct, nnd our regret tlmt you could not have
been continued in offico another term, wo beg
leave to say that our approbation extends equal-
ly to nil your Cabinet olficers. lit them we
hud entire confidence!, and much regret tlmt
our country must loose the services of such
uhle and patriotic, citizens.
Although wo regret on account of the Re
public that you could not continue in thepresi
dential office another term, yet, no doubt, an
exemption from the cures ofoffice, nnd tlio en
joyment of the tranquility of private life, are
infinitely desirable. We regret, too, the man
lier in which tho change lias been effected, ns
boiling no good, either to the well government
nr duration of the Republic. May Heaven it)
mercy avert anticipated evils!
In thus expressing oura-egrot tlmt you have
not been continued in office another term, nnd
our regret at the manner in which the clmn„
has been effected ; wo would not he understood
as condemning the administration of General
Jackson, before it Ims commenced ; on the
contrary, wo know we best express your senti
moots and reciprocate your feelings when we
say, we hope his administration will disapoiut
all our fears, and realize more than the best
hopes of his friends, and tlmt every means of
promoting our national prosperity und glory,
every means of increasing and securing individ
ual happiness and comfort, within the consti
tutional power of tho President, will be put in
requisition by him.
With the best wishes for your individual
happiness and that of your family, we beg
lea e respectfully to subscribe os.-selves, Your
fellow-citizens,
ROBERT LEE, )
JEREMIAH ( . GARTIIWAITE, ' 9 om '
JOHN SHOTWELL, ^ nmtoe.
Rahway, N. Jersey, March *lth, 182ft-
participation in tlio highest councils of our
country. I need not sny it is one of those to
whom your enclosed letters were addressed.
Tim other is equally worthy nf the honor in
which you have associated him with ni" by
your letter. Upon him the foulest slanders
Itnve been showered. Long known and appro
dated, as successively a member ofbotli hoe .-
of your National Legislature, ns the mvtivnll I
speaker, nnd tit the same time must efficient lea
tier ofdebntes in one of the;,,; as an able nml
successful negotiator fur your interests, in war
and pence, with foreign powers, and ns a p m-
et fill candidate for the highest of your trusts
the Department of State itself was a stuti m,
I which, hy its bestowal, could confer neither
’ profit nor honor upon him ; hut upon which h
has shed unfading honor hy tie ninuiu-
in which lie discharged the duties. Prejudice
and passion Imvo charged him with ohtn n.ug
that offico by bargain und corruption. K -f r>
you, my fellow citizens, in the presence of our
couutrv und of Heaven, I pronounce thu
clmrgo totally unfounded. This tribute of Jus
ties is due from me to him, mid I seize wiih
pleasure the opportunity aftovded me hy your
letter of discharging the obligation.
Of my motives fur tendering to hitn the l)>-
partment of State when I did, let tlmt man who
questions them eomo forward. Let him I ink
round among the Statesmen and I. -gislators of
this nation and of that day. Let him then se
lect & niutii! the man whom by his pre-eminent
talents, hy his splendid services,hy his ardent
patriotism, hy his till embracing public spirit,
by his fervid eloqiinncu in hulinir of the right-
and liberties of mankind, hy his long experience
in the affairs of the Union, foreign and dmu -
tie, u President of tile United Slates, intent on
ly upon the honor and welfare of his country
ought to have preferred 11cury Clay. Let
him name the man, and then judge you, my
follow-citizens, of my motives.
Nor can I pass over this opportunity, with
out offering a congenial tribute of justice and
of gratitude to those other eminent and virtu
ous citizens who have been united with iiu- in
the performance of tuy painful, but 1 will not
sny thankless, labors. 1 look not one of them
from the circle, though I leave every one of
them among the denrest of my personal friends.
Amidst all tho difficulties, discouragements,
ami troubles which have attended my ailmin-
istration, it bus been a never failing source of
consolation to me. that its internal harmony
has been more perfect than that of any other
administration, which this country Inis ever
witnessed. Of the qualifications of tlm Secre
tary oftlie Treasury, let his annual reports
upon the !inances, compared with those of all
his predecessors; let the payment of thirty throe
millions of tlio public debt, during the four years
of his agency ; let his indefatigable industry
and assiduity in the discharge of nil the duties
of an office, liurthciioil with them almost beyond
the ability of human endurance; let tlio urban
ity of his maimers ami the courtesy of his i|e
portment, to the innumerable claimants upon
the treasury, who have approached him in die
successive years through which, hut for the in
tervention of disease, he has been absent
from his office not a single day ; • let these be
tho decisive tests. Descended from parent-
ofwhose character, both public and private,
Pcnsylvatiia and New Jersey have equal reason
to he proud, well Ims he sustained am! does
sustain the honor of his name. His services
and his friendship to inn, have been inestima
ble ; and in tinning from him I confidently
trust that his future services will not he lost to
the sngurity of his native state, or of the Union.
In tlio Department of War alone, did a
change take place oftlie person at its head, dti
ring the progress of my administration. It
was at first conferred upon a citizen of Virgin
in, long possessed oftlie highest confidence of
that great anil honorable Commonwealth.- —
Her Governor, in the days ofdunger and of in
vaslon, during the late war, her Senator at the
time when 1 invited him tn preside over that
department, lie had been a warm supporter of
one of my competitors at tlio election ; hut hi-
opposition to me had been iliat of a liberal nnd
Immirnhlo mind. His fulfilment of tho duties
oftlie Department fully justified the confidence
I Imd reposed in him ; und ho recently h it it
only for the most important of our missions
abroad, in which he is now uhly and faithfully
maintaining the honor mid interests ofutu- couu
try.
His successor was a citizen of New York, nl
so highly distinguished hy (lie honors of his im
live State nnd oftlie Union, one oftlie memb'-rs
of that (’ongress which vindicated the trade
to the skies With you, my countrymen, I am
disposed to hope uml pruy for the best; to ex
tend io the ndoiiuistratioii every reasonable
indulgence which tlmy may need; and to give
them credit for every good deed they may
perform for the promotion of the generol wel-
‘‘irc.
Accept, gentlemen, for yourselves nnd those
whom \ou represent, the r-spectful salutations
"f your friend and fellow eitiz- u.
JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.
Washington, lit). March. 182ft.
Messrs, Roiikiit Let:, Jerkmiaii C. Garth
waits, and John Shot-well, a Committee
of u numerous meeting of citizeug in Essex
an ! Middlesex,in New Jersey.
Fellow citizens: I have received your very
kind letter of the -Itli imtt, written in behalf of
the citizens whose comitiilto you arc, and ten
der to you and to tliern my grateful thunks for
the sentiments you have been pleased to ex
press with regard to myself etui to the citizens
associated with me, in tho late administration
of the general government. The letters to Mr.
Clay and Mr. Southard enclosed in yours to
me, have been deliien d to them.
Ilia Iree Republic, t,;e first wish of every
man, invested with a public trust, should he, by
the faithful di-charge ot los duty to his coustit-
wlien he insisted on filly j uems, to deserve, nnd the second to obtain, their
approbation. For the first, depending as ii
does upon his own will, lie is responsible to
God mid his country. For the second, de
pending as it does upon the will of others, lie
enn he tto farther responsible than by the pei-
fprtnsnee of his dunes. \s the re-election of a
President of the United States, after one term,
of service, is theonlv inanifestution ot' public'
opinion, by which the approbation of his fel
low citizens, upon his services, can lie ascer
tained, it is un object nflnudable ambition,' an.'
of blameless desire. if it earnest he obtained
by public service alone, the duty oftlie servant
who has thus failed to obtain tho approbation
of his master is cheerfully to acquiesce m that
expression of their wish hy which it is denied:
ami calmly to await that filial judgement upon
his public labors and aspirations which ro-jhs
:ti the impartial voice clVtcr ages.
Eoiti being un adequate compensation for the
* ! si! valued' wfetch Druse i.uxs.-ij-j regions
I
honor & spirit nf tlio nation, hy the dei-luraiion ol
War, in 1812; one of die wari iors whose gallant
nehievpmonta during the war, lias been record
ed in the solemn legislative thanks of his coun
try; since entrusted with tin arduous commis
sion for the settlement of her boundaries ; and
when invited hy tne to a share in the cotim-i
of thu Union, a member oftlie Legislature ot'
New York. Ills services in the D-partmeni of
War have also been satisfactory and effective,
and lie leaves .to his successor ail olfirial repu
intion which it will lie praise enough to him to
maintain unimpaired.
The Attorney General wns also an udopte.l
citizen of Virginia, not less distinguished !i_v the
classical elegance of his taste in literuturc,
tiiau hy his profound learning in the laws, and
his commanding eloquence at the l!,u-. The
biographer of Patrick Henry; the painter of
manners and instructor of morals ; at an early
period ol his life, appointed and commissioned
by my predecessor, I deemed myself and the
country fortunate hy his continuance in the
same rapacity during lily term of service. Ed-
mated and inclining to a rigorous construction
FOKF.IUN.
IMPORT y,VI' FROM the MEDITERRANEAN
Nryv Yokk. April 13—We have it freon a source
wllirii is ciitidcii tn tlio fullest confidence, that in tin
c .rlv purl of Docomhcr, D .vid Ofll.-y, Esq Amorir-ui
Eon-Ill at rhmrna, proceeded i" Constantinople, to
nogeetate a passage for the U 8. «loop of war F
fluid. Capi Parkar, to dial city, having a gentler
un hoard vvh - was the bearer of a Treaty to he en
din'" between the American Governin'nt and the
Porte It- purport was noi Un vvn ; hul ill** invert
ance i inched to it by C-umnodoTe Ctane. may b»- in
fi-rr d from the fact, that, though in feehlu health, lie
left lii- dug slop and went on hoard, for the purpose
of I'-'-ainpanving the embassy to ConstatUtnoplu -
Oa die 14th Dei the Fairfield was at tlm mouth of
th'- D.iidenelles; and as soon as permission was re-
eeived, would go up to ilia " famous city '
This explains die rumours which have boon circu
lating ihr -ugh the English and French papers, relative
to negotiations between the American Government
and Turkey One report Bays that tho Unite were
endeavoring io secure tho co-operation ol the Amen
can Navy in the war agam-t Russia; and another that
die basm if the Tioaly Siih'ni ed hy M Oflli-y, was
the free navigation of the Dardanelles to >il nations.
Those repoiis may ho true ; but vve shall hotter knn
tho nature and reauha of the Treaty, when they are
nflicitilly announced, 'flint a Treaty of some kind
lus been to the process of negociation, is beyond a
doubt.
[ From the .Yew- York American]
Tie Lie dun Morning Journal, a cmnuuation
oftlie New Tulles, of tin- 2d of March, is filled
with prose, nnd poetry about Mr. I'eel and the
Catholics. " Boh Peel’s Lament.” “ The Apos
tate’s Cliiitint ” &e. &c. are the titles ul the po
etical squibs. Blackwood thus speaks of Imo
“ Excuses then there are. and palliations,
many mid grent on the side oftlie Duke
Wellington. But for Mr. Peel, hound—if ever
man were hound—hy ties irrevocable, nnd of
religious sanctity, to the great cause which he
Ims deserted, it is our sincere belief that he is the
object of n more unmitigated abhorrence than
enn have attended any political renegade in any
history, not excepting Sir Thomas Wentworth
in the age of Charles I ”
In like manner, the Duke of Clarence, pre
suinptive heir to the throne, who had declared
his concurrence with ministers, relative to the
Catholics, is tints addressed hy u correspondent
of the Morning Journal:
" My Lord Duke.—If your forty years ofnc
giytive uml useless existence to the state, of
which you make your boast, hail been prudent
ly persevered in ; or if even now you had been
contented, with the ministerial herd, to vote
away your country’s great charter in silenc
your highness might have remained in that oh
scurity for which your natural abilities seems
to have formed you.”
But in no way, perhaps, ran we gi'-c a more
distinct notion of the zeal wliieh Ibis question
cxcit'-s in England, Ilian hy the annexed detail
of proceedings in tho House of Lords, on the
23d of Feluuiry, subsequent upon tlie Duke of
Clarence's declaration of opinion, in favor of
the Catholic claims, and of hi- disapprobation
oftlie “ unjust nnd infamous” course hereto
fore pursued hy the opponents of those claims.
'l'lic Duke of Cumberland expressed liis as
tonishment at hearing the words "unjust and
infamous” applied to the conduct of himself and
of those who, with him, felt it their duty to op
pose his Majesty’s Ministers in this instance.—
He t'oiisci'-ntiotisly opposed these measures,
hut lie put it to his noble relative, nnd to the
House whether in so doing he had acted basely
nr infamously.
The Duke ol'Sussex said, that Ins illustrious
relative w ho had just sat down had taken (lie
expression employed by his other nohlo broth
er not in the sense in which it had been meant.
In his opinion it tvas merely applied to the gen
eral outcry which had been raised against the
Administration on tins qivsitnn. If Ins illustri
ous relative chose to take the expression to
hint-elf, it was tilt aftitir of taste with him to do
so. It should not lie forgotten, that hut a few
evening-ago, it had been stated in that House
tlmt ilo- question was, whether this was to lie
any longer a Popi-li ora I'rotustunt Parliament
Tlmt was a most utieonstitutional and unfair
way of putting the question, and of endeavor
ing to influence the public mind.
The Duke of Clarence, said, that lie had cer
tainly used the words " infamous ami base,’ 1
nor would lie retract them. But he would
deny that llie-e words were applied, or ever
could he applied, to hi.- noble relative opposite.
Indeed, lie could not help sitpecting that his il-
lu.-ti'iotis relative had been so long abroad tlmt
lie had almost forgotten the freedom of debate.
(A laugh. nnd cries of" heur\)
Fite Earl of Eldon expressed his concurrence
ing, and from which they have been praying al
most for centuries, to be released? \V> dial
state them a* they stood hi 1812, since which
lime, we believe, few or no changes have been
made.
A Catholic Peer cannot sit and vote in the
House ofPeers.
Nora Catholic Commoner in tho House of
Commons.
A Catholic Priest cannot celebrate marriage
between two Proteslnuls, or between a Protes
tant and Catholic, unless already married liy a
Protestant, tinder penalty of £500.
A Catholic cannot he Lord High Chancellor,
or Keeper or Commissioner of the Great Seal.
Nor Muster or Keeper oftlie Rolls
Nor a Ju-tiee oftlie King’s Bench, or ofthe
Common Pleas.
Nor a Baron of the Exchequer.
Nor Attorney or Solicitor General.
Nor King’s Sergennt nt Law.
Nurn Member ofthe King’s Council.
Nor a Master in Chancery,
Nor Chairman of Sessions for the county of
Dublin.
Nor Counsel to the Commissioners ol'Reven-
Nor the Recorder of a City or Town.
Nor an Advocate in Spiritual Courts.
Nor a Sheriff of a County, City or Tow n.
Nor 8tilt. Sheriff.
lie cannot he Lord Lieutenant, Lord Deputy,
or other Governor of Ireland.
I, *rd High Treasurer, or Lord of Treasury
Governor of a County, or Privy Counsellor.
Post Master General, Chancellor of thu Ex
chequer, or Secretary of State.
Vice-Treasurer, Teller or Cashier of the
-lx -lu-quer.
Keeper ofthe Privy Seal, or Auditor Gener
al.
Provost nr Fellow of Dublin University.
Lord Mayor or Alderman of a corporate city
or 'own
He cannot ho n member of a p irisli Vestry.
Nor bequeath any sum of money, or any
lands, for the mnintenniire nf a clergyman, the
uppnrt nf a Chapel or School.
In corporate towns, Catholics are uniformly
excluded from Grand Juries.
It would perhap-he tedious to recite the
whole list of offices of trust, emolument, or
dignity. Iron, which the Catholics are excltl
d d, either bv the expr ss letter ofthe In).or
hy the application of oaths and tests Suffice
it to say. that the learned author nfViiidirio;
IlideruietB computes the number of stations in
land alone, whi h these offices embrace,
a' three thousand seven hundred and forty eight '
It is not strange that a people gr. lining under
such oppres-inn, should h" importunate : that
they should have followed up tli.'ir petitions
year alter year and generation after generation;
anil that between hope and fear, they should
sometimes have overstepped the hounds of ol
der and law If England would heal the wound
winch weakens tho body politic ; ifshe would
engage the real sympathies of Ireland, in Her
behalf, nnd make one nation of land- which
“ nldior each other ; the course is a plain one
-Ireland must lie admitted to the privileges ot
Englishmen. We know there are some, chief
ly connected with the Established Church,
who forebode the most disastrous etmseqneti
ees, should Cnthslie Eiiiaiieipiitinri he grant- d.
Hut why should ihey fear? In the United
States the experiment has been fairly tried, of
granting a free and lull toleration to all reli
giotts, nnd the result is such ns to ennvinct
every American ofthe safety noil wisdom of
the principle. Make men happy, nml they will
he loyal ; oppress them, nnd their loyalty will
he only u cloak to conceal the hand ofnn as
sassin.
quently to indemnify themselves against tho
evils which would be consequent upon their
dt-missal. I hope no sueli practice will prevail
among those who have come into power to re
form abuses.”
DOMESTIC.
From the U. S. Gazette.
LETTER FROM WASHINGTON.
Washington, April 10. 182ft.
“ Gentlemen,—Yesterday, commissions were
made out at the Treasury Department for John
1\ Decatur ns Collector of Portsmouth, N II. in
the room of Timothy Uphnrn, and for Judge
Thrustnn nf Kentucky, ns Collector of Key
West, in the room of William Pinkney ; nnd
also for John P. Boy d for some situation in the
Custom House ofNew York, it is said Naval
Officer, hut this is probably a mistake. Some
changes have also been made in the I’u-t Office
Department, the Post master nt Mavsville,
Kentucky, having been removed, and also the
Post Master at Portland, Maine. Although Mr
Ingham enuuot carry his notions of proserip
tion into nil the departments, lie seems deter
mined to act upon them pretty generally in his
own. There wns recently a pretty warm tils
mission in the cabinet on the subject of this)
proscriptive policy, which wns urged with much
vehemence by Mr. Ingham. Mr Van Biireu is
understood to have taken ground directly in
opposition to Mr. luglinin, and to have main
tained the impolicy of such a system, nnd point
ed out with great force the injurious const quen-
ces which would result from it, if attempted, in
the stoppage of the wheels ofthe government.
From this circumstance, it is n fair presu nipt ion
that in the Department of State (here will he
very few, if any, removals merely on account of
opinions formerly expressed on the subject of
the Presidential election. M.-. Van Bonn,
probably, looks forward to his future cxpecta
lions, and shapes his opinion in reference to
them. At any rate,the mere rumor that tie
Ims taken this course has greatly increased Ids
popularity here.
Mr. Barry, according to the current rumour
of the day, has determined on a course some
what similar to that ofMr. Van Buren. His
standing and resolution, perhaps, may not be
sufficient to carry him through, even should
he have innile such a demonstration of his wish
es. It is said that soon aft- r his arrival, lie re
ceived an intimation ofthe manner in which the
Jackson central committee of this place, desired
to dispose of certain profitable Offices in his de
partment, among which wus the post office of
this city, which was intended fora member
of the committee, lie is reported to have
turned a deaf ear to tho suggestion, to Imvc
refussed to recognise a committee taking such
powers, and pretending to deeido on the
wants and wishes of the pcopls of remote states
ofthe union ; and further, to have declared Ins
intention to make no changes lint such ns have
n reference to i.!,e public interest. Should he
persevere in tins course, the probability is, tlmt
From the Columbia Telescope, April 17.
The follow ing letter wo received from .1/;
Gales, immediately subsequent to our last pub
lication. Now we assert, that we should scorn
tn take the slightest unfair advantage of Jlr.
Gales, and very readily publish his letter. In
the very face of it, however we declare ouren-
tire conviction that he littered what was attri
buted to hint hy our informant—for we know
that getleinau too well to allow that he would
voluntarily make misrepresentation for any pur
pose whatever; and we pledge ourselves that
we have not wilfully varied in the slightest de
gree. from the communication made to us
We reported from recollection—but Imvo ad
dressed to our informant a letter, enclosing
our statement nnd the reply of Mr. Gales; and
although we cannot ascertain Ins proper post
office, yet we hope it will reach him, nod the
" Intelligencer” shall have whulever benefit
tnny be derived from the answer.
Office ofthe .Yational Intelligencer )
April 3, 182ft. J
Si a : I ohser e, in your paper of the 27th ul
timo n statement imputing to tne a sweeping
calumny m>' ,n »he people of the stnte of Geor- -
gia in com'iex,' 0 ” H R,orv w hirh is strange-
ly clisrolorei) in it* tjf ««7 “
ever occurred. I per* deny ever ha
ving Raid, or intimated, n\'r'* r, '.v or indirectly,
to any body,that >ur.Southern juih-ertber “ne
ver paid” os, I never coneelv’ B, l °* sueli ,?
stnteinent, nod I never utters*! it. 0. 1 the con
trary, I ant glad of this opportunity to acknowl
edge the liberal anil generous support which
this establishment has always received from thq
planting interest.
During the whole of the excitement of the-
year lc young ill March 1827 and eliding in
M rel 1828, w-e lost bin Jlfleen siibsi-riheits iu tho
stale of Georgia, and nine ill the state South
Carolina. Of the former, wfiltd, upon exam
ination, that one was a member of Congress,
who Imd been a subscriber for something more
than ihe term of time stated hy you. On look
ing over the neennuts at the same pust office,
nnd on the same page as his, we discover that,
for the number of them, imich was due to us.
If tile fuel wns riieoiiolit d to tlmt A1 -tuber of
Congress, i was nanyt ing tin n eusntory
spirit. Iliavenurei Ileetion of mentioning tt ""
n- nil; hut it is not unusual for tm to ask of a
gentleman,railing for Ills own account, infor
mation ns to such subscribers as may he his
neighbors, &r.—as, whether they he dead or
alive Ac. and it is possible that the fact so occur
red. There can, at least, he no other founda
tion for the story, as published hy you than
w lmt l have stated.
I am, Sir, with due respect your obedient
servant. JO. GALES, Jr.
Editor of the Columbia Telescope.
RB M A It K A B LE I’ll ENOM ENON.
Louisville, Ky March 28.
We have just conversed with n gentleman
from Cumberland comity, who informs us that,
in boring through rock for salt water, n foun
tain of Petroleum, or volatile oil was struck, nt
the depth of about 130 feet. When the au
ger was withdrawn, the oil rushed up 12 nr 14
feet above the surface nf the earth, and it wns r
believed that about 75 gallons were diselmrgcdlft'.o''
per minute, forming quite a hold stream from J *» . A
the place to the Cumberland River, into which J
it discharged itself. The foiintdin or stream £
wns struck four or five days previous to tho * j 'Zy
departure of our inforinnnt, at which time the
quantity of Petroleum discharged had not por-V '
reptihly diminished. Falling into Cumberland V
River, the volatile oil, covered a considerable
portion of the surface of the stream, for ma
ny miles below. If ignited, it would present
a magnificent, if not an appalling spectacle.
British (lil, wliieh is extensively used OS a
medicine, is manufactured of Petroleum.
Wc have seen a specimen of 'hisoil -it ig
nites freely, and produces a flame ns brilliant
as gns light.
Our informant states, that, in the same neigh
borhood in which this immense fountain of
Petroleum has been discovered, Dr. JohnCro-
ghan has succeeded, hy boring, in obtaining
an abundant supply of salt water, at a depth of
more than 200 feet, which now rises about 25
feet above tho ordinary level of the Cumber
land River The works, we are assured, will
prove highly beneficial to the surrounding
country, and profitable to the enterprising pro
prietor.
From the .Veto Orleans Trice Current, MnjchT
SUGAR.—Wo mentioned in our Inst, that denlcra
we.ro of the opinion llio crop iIub season would not
prove so nliundnni as was generally anticipated ot the
commencement of grinding. A 'different idea lias
gone abroad ; for instance, an old and experienced
grocer of this place, showed us a letter dated ThiU
dolphin, February 6th, from a respoc-aMo merchant
there nod recently a planter in this State, who writes
that the impression was tho l ist crop would be fully
1110,000 iihds which would of course tin an increase
ol 30,000 Iihds Upon examination, wo find the opin-
thuM who ought to know ami are deeply in
terested in every respect agree that tile last crop will
not much exeeud the former.
MLSCA I t.L GRAPE - Wo are informed hy Mr
Alexander AlcLoml, nf Adainsville, s. C. that tlio
Muscatel (nape Vino has been nised in the neighbor
hood of that village from the seed of the laisin Ho
suites that the vinos ore apparently thrifty and tlou-
nshmg and bid lliir lo produce fruit llns sous in Wo
sincerely hope that tile attempt to naturalize tins deli
cious exotic may be crowned with success, nnd at ihe
same tune recommend tn our agricultural readers a
furthni trial of the experiments ■ [JV C Journal.
[The present is the appropriate season for nitenipt-
mg ilu- abuvu experiment, and we hope it will not be
neglected by those in Geotgui, who are endeavorin'’
to cultivate the vine Wo have recently, iu morn
than one mslauce, seen vines Irom the seed ofllio
raisin, bui none of sulihient maturitv to produce fruit,
Wc believe that manv kinds of'vnliisble foreign
grapes could bn obtained in this way. 8n far as wo
have le-on the experiment tried, it warr,inn iindo'ibtod
hop/s of success ] [Mesemgcr.
INDIGO -—A Mr Slanpey, of Crawford cottnlv,
raised Iasi year, from aboiu 2(1 acres of land, tlmii n
the leusun wasunusustly dry und unfavorable, 120!)
weight of Indigo This dye, of u good quality, will
at all times readily bring 75 cents in the Augusta
market; arid may ho raised, with but little cultivation,
:n h . i c . , on the poorest land. The process of extracting tho
_ , v , il less a favorite with General J.i'-kson, ! dj 0 from the plant is somewhat ddfii ult; but it is said
and the ultra party who dictate to General Jack-1 not more
with the Duke of Cumberland iu his hostility j sou, than wns anticipated,
tn the Catholic claims, hut said that thu Duke' The house and property
Wirt in this city, uro said to have been pnri-has I lllc P r ' ,,,, “hoi
I hy Duff Green; the house lately Occupied by! bundled doll
I Jlr. St. Clair Clarita lias been also purclinsvil j lll ' l| y s antl I"-' wise
id'ilie extent uf constitutional power, h,s pro-1 umciilionor, with a pareioiic'zenT'fW'ti.e'^intc^
tessional advice has been more readily eouti. od | Mls ofthe cm...try, \ w ul, an effect that must he
(if \V« lliii^ioii sIumiM find liim a nt*n**rous
niy. Il»?* conduct Imd not deserved to bo
lionised ns factious.
Karl Grey Raid i( wus factious to state in tliut Gy him : and lie has also bought a large hou>e,
H use, that*the Sovereign would forfeit his Guilt and iccupiod by the Uev. O. If Grown
diadem it he should consent lo this measure
He complimented the Duke of Clarence
having delivered an opinion that did him so!'' ,a y’ a Mniquejirintitipf establishment, n ompris
than that of picking, ginning and pack-
) mg cotton. From acroa of cotton, ,^200 is ennsi-
essed hy Mr. dered a good icturn, while fiom XiO acres of Indigo, at
‘he pr'ce above stated, the proceeds would be nine
Planters should consider theso
jJKORGIA, Greene Countv-
M Wii
-Tlmmus
and an extensive lot of ground nd joining, upon Wimton, of the ll9'.h Militia tliHrict’ loll# before .lames
« prupuses to erect a most splemlhl- ! Jjj? ”,elcU'*ppm!:
mg a range of lious^.s, stores, &c. Here at oneej
is an expenditure of perhaps 50 nr 00.000 dollars ' oincSK hi“i!\m nw
•illiy L-MtwickAIiorU an J Winston Evans to 40 dollars, 9th Fc*
. i t . tii in*.- lwiiiiu >, w wiiii on eui'i'i mat iiium iiu , •** u|reut/"Miw.uutMiuinur
" > ' p 1 m,e " ne 1 8 1,1 ' v, -' rc I fiilhnveil hy uupurlaut coiuequences through-! ''i 1 """ '"“‘l", ami ifit he maile in the exnec
to the limitation than to the enlargement uf its ()Ul ,j u » empire. tntion tliut the printing of the next Congress wil
xorciso; for, iu the whole course of mv ad
ministration, I ha\e deemed it lafer to abstain
from the use of any questionable authority than
to ha/.ard the encroachment of power, by ns-
miug, unnecessarily, the decision of disputed
point*:
Such, follow-eiti/.nn8, have beep the nssoci-
atesofiny official duties in the conduct of mv
udmiuistfutiou. I liable to bestow upon them
any other re vnrd for their faithful nrd zealous
service to their country than this testimonial
ot my gratitude und esteem ; it is with a pleas
me, not inferior to that which I receive from
f friendly estimate of my own endeovers,
empire
j The Duke of Wellington said that lie would
never consider the noble Karl (Kldon)in any
s use an enemy, hut always ns a friend.
From Ihe .\*.v York Journal of Commerce.
CATHOLIC ms A BlUT IKS.
At a time when the whole population of
Great Britain mid America,—nay, of every
Catholic and every Protestant emp try—are
more or legs excited on the subject of Outholir
Kiuniicipntion, :t may be interesting to inquire
what are the disabilities under winch so Inrg#
a portion of Ilis .Majesty’s subjects arc Jabqr
. . i ,!
be Hitrtnent \o furnish, out of the profits, the
menus to mret these draughts, I cannot help
thinking that there will he some embarrassment
w hen the times for payment shall come round.
IJut he may have much better reasons for
bis conduct, and far greater means for bis rjhic
illative schemes, than I know any thing uUmt.
Gen. Jnckson is President ofthe U. States,
Detf Green is Raid to dictate, to him pretty holdlv
;pid successfully; and the public treasury j s a
source of supply, which is not likely to bo very
speedily exhausted. Tho fir-t object of men
who have the command of public money, and
exj'ce* U' hold it but n sk«?rf time, by not Vnfre-
tlolUr», lilt day of April, I#?*.
Abo, W11 mot E. Urti ris, of Onpt- James M. Porter’s district,
tolls Before John C. llall. Esq. one bright sorrel Horse CoU, ~
years olil, with a star in ins forehead,ami Hpiirniseti lo £> dollars
by Murk Inrkoonnnd Andrew Campbell, Htfiday of April, 1820.
A true extract from the Esiray Book.
npril-7 JOHN GILBERT, C. I. C.
Head-Quarters, 1st Hrig.3d Uiv G. IU.
EATONToN, 1st March, IN*.
T he resignation of lingmU* .Major Mark
A.Coopei, i> nrrepied—Cupt. JAMES A. MEIUWE-
TlIEK.of the Puma'll Cnvni v. is appointed Brigade Inspector,
with the rank of Mojor—SA UPSON llARKIS # appointed Aitl-
de-Camp, with tli ruuhoi C,.plain, in the place of Jefferson J.
l.-iniar, removed i omilie B'igndr, nnd JAMES NICHOLSON*,
Esq. Itrifiide Qu.. ter Matter, with the rank of Captain. They
are to be obeyed and respected ncrordinuly. _
cj-rfr THOMAS IIOXEY, Brtf- Cfr