Newspaper Page Text
MTHU VTi !*v:.
//,
rc
xceptio'.i of tlie paper, to the best
diturs. Tiicv propose to continue the pul>-
ication as lust us the volumes nrc received
roin London, and it is hoped finer enterprise
ill be amply rewarded by the support of the
public.
From the preface by Sir Walter Scott, ofj
he revised edition of \\ overly . v.c extract |
lie follow ing a> vomit of his motives for not
jooncr mknnwledgmg Iiimselt the author of
hose woiks.
‘lam • > 1 ' iu "ive little
ntisfaction to queries on this object. 1
lave already staled idscu here that Iran rim
er little better reason for choosing to rc-
inin anonymous than by paying, with Shy*
ock, that mii)i .v.is mv huniour. It will lie 1
observed tint I had not the u-ua! stimulus for
esiring pt rnou.il rrpul itiou, the desire,
amely, to float amidst the eonveisalion of
‘Yen. Of literary fame, whether merited or
mdeserved, I Imd already as much as might
\avc contented a mind mote ambitious limn
nine; and, m f’l.toring into this new r.on-
est for reputation, I might he -aid rather to
Dtidnngrr wlmt I had, tlrati to have any eon*
ndrrahle chance to ueqnii’c more. I was
atTected, too, hy none of those motive.su Inch
•arher period of life would doubtless
Nave operated upon me. My friends were
grilled—my place in society (i\rd---mv life
ind attained it.- middlecourse. M\ condition
»ocirly w a higher, perhaps, than I de
served. certainly as high n I wished, and
there was scarce any decree of literary mic-
wliich could have greatly ah red nr im
proved iny personal condition, I was not
creibrr, toiiehed hy the spur of ambition,
Visually stimulating on mu h occasion.- ; and
I 1 ought to stand i v uljmt'd from the
charge of .i.igr.icioiiH or uah. coining uidiiFer-
to public apjdat: e. 1 did not the less
fill gratitude for the public favor, although I
did not proclaim it; as the lover who wears
bis misiivs>\s lavor in his bosom, is as proud
mg!i i.ot so vain of possessing it, as mio*
lllii who (Ii-plays the token of her grnc
his bonnet. f ar from such an ungra
cious state of mind, I have* seldom felt more
patisfuctiun than when, returning from ;;
'iistire \oyage, 1 found Wavcrly m the ze-
lith of popularity, and public, curiosity
mil cry after the "name of the author.
r J he know h o-e that I had the public ap
probation, waiii like having the properly of n
liddeti treasure, not less gratifying to tin
Avutr than if all the world new that it w »‘
tis owe. Vitoilu I* advantage was ronneeted
mill the .»eereey which i observed. I could
ippear or-retreat from the fdugd at ..Jcasure,
.vithout utlr.it t..'ig any peixmal notice or at
.•ntion, ot!:er th.an wimt might be founded
suspicion only. In mv own i erson, also,
i sueces.-lul imthor in auolln r ih partnicut
>1 literature, I might have been charged with
00 lioqucnt intrusions on the public pa
lm t the author of w mvitIv wits iu
In-, rcijji ■ i .'i impituible to tho critic ns tin
lio.-t of 11 mild to tlio ii iilisnn of Miirccl-
I’ei li i|is tlin curloMly of ilic putili
itill. iJ liv tlio .'xistcncL* ol a Been*!, ami kept
iloat n\ 11 u• (Iihcussioms \i liich tool, place oil
lie siiliji ct from time |r lime, went a jrno.f
ny to maintain an uiial iilnil interest in llirsc
c.ptcnt piililicniiont. Tlicre nas n mystc-
y comirriiiug tlie nntlior, t\ 11ic11 cacli new
ovel wa* ox|)i'i'ti’il to n.ssist in imrovellin^,
It 1 io11o11 it mislit in other rtsprcisriinl. l.nv-
rthnnits |iri'ili rinsoi'.-. I mil, perhaps lie
loinilii oil liyif nllisctation, slionl.l I mIU-^o
r one n a. on of mv silence, a secret disliko
1 enter on personal iliscnssions concerning'
*y own lit. rnry labors. It is in every ensan
.my. rons intercourse fur an uulhui- to he
wcUnio im.'.'.i'.nially nnmn» those who malic
writings a livqii.nl and fimiliar subject
Econversation, but who must necessarily be
rtii.1 judges of works composed in their
Wll soeielj . I In'h iluts ot sell' iutpnl'tauce
Iticli are thus noquiivil hy authors, are lugli-
injurious, to a well rcguiateil mind ; fur the
ip of fl ittery, if it dues not. like that olj
ir.e, reduce men in the level of hea-ts, e I
re if eagerly drained, to bring the best and j
0 nhle.t down tu tlmtof fools. This risk'
ns in some degree prevented by the mask!
Inch I wore; and Iny own stnn s of self- I
n'eit wcrolelt to their natural eourse, w ith-
heuiff eninlinv.l by the partiality of
mis, or oduhtliou of lluiterers. If i ami
ked farther reasons for the eooduet I Jiave
kg observed, lean qnly resort to the ex-
inaiion supplied by a critic ns friendly ns I
is intelligent; namely, that the mental j
.mUition of the imv. list must lie eliaruo- |
•hte.l, to sp. nl, ciamologic.dlv, hy nncxtia-
linar. devclopcmrnt of the pa.isiou for tie- I
cccucy. 1 the rather itspeel some nut-j
tl .lisposiliim o! ibis kind ; for, from the i n -
at 1 pereriv ed t!ie extreme curiosity tnnui- j
ted .01 the s il.j. . r, I felt n secret i
liatlling it, lor wIn
c is considered, I
count. My desire to n mam concealed, I
the clmract. r of tin aulhor of tlicco not cl» ,
ijeeted meoccnsiomilly to atikwnrd embar- i
■nieiits as it some times Imppeiied that those (
1 were snlUciently nitmated o ilh me wmdd 1
tile .(uestiou in direct terms, la this case
\ one of three courses would he followed,
her I must have surrendered my secret,—
lut e relumed an uue.puvoeal answer,—or
illy , must hat .• stoutly *V linl.Uv deuietl the
. 1 he tiist tt as a’sact dice which I conceit r
>ne had a right to force from mo, since I
no was cimcerned in the matter. Tlie
mat:!c ol retideiiog a doiilitful answer
it Inne left me open to the degrading su
nn tliai | was tint titut illiog t-> nssoioe the
it (if there teas ally I tvlii li I dared not
dutcly lav el aim to . nr those tt ho might
k more justly of me must hat e received
t mi tme.|itivoCal answer as an indirect
|al. I tl ■ fore Irred myself euti-
like an aicuseu per m put up.ni trial,
fuse
I braaelied in these Tales, tV such ns were used
hy then author in the intercourse of private life,
! must have been far too grcnl to permit nay
) of n.v familiar acquaintances to doubt the
identity betwixt their friend and the author of
Wavcrly ; and 1 believe they were all moral
ly convinced of it. lint while I tins myself
silent, their belief could not weigh much
tnorctvith the world tlimi that ol others;
from I hr Xnr 1 c ■/, M
Till’. WAVEUl.Y NOYi LS.
We received from the Messrs, .arper, on
’ednesdny, the two first volmnes of their
vised edition of the M nverly .Notels, which
(United iu a style quite equal, with the i,.,i,t„ «n
• -Jn'dish 1 tbetr opinions und rensontug wen. name to
he taxed with partiality, or confronted with
opposing arguments and opinions; and the
question tvas not so much, whether I should
be gi nerallv acknowledged to lie the author,
in spite of iny own denial, as whether even j
mv own avowal of tho works, if such should
be made, would lie sufficient to put me in
uudi puled posses: ton of thatch tractor. '
“ The volumes, thcicfure, to which the
present pages form n prefare, are rntir. !y the
composition of the author hy whom they are
now acknowledged, with the exception al
ways of avowed quotations, and such unpre
meditated and iiivohmtury plagiarisms as can
tree he guarded against hy any one who
has rend and written a great deal. The nri-
iiial manuscripts are all to existence, and
ntirely written (hooreset) referens) in the im-
sivo is me comment of America, und »o tnucli
of it remains yet unexplored, that many, very
many of nur eilizens lire more thor.nughly no
qnninl.nl With the localities and condition of
Europe, lima will, the climate, foil, vegetable
nail animal productions of eertnin portions ol
theinoivn country. The .Miner’s Journnl gives
some extracts from a work recently published
in french, by a gentleman tvho resided sever
al years West of the Iloeky-.Motintains, which
givo a more ttiimite and interesting account ol
the Territory above mentioned, than we have
before seen published.
During 'ho three years which he spent in the
vicinity of the Columbia or Oregon Itivor, the
cold seldom passed the freezing point, and the
heat tvas never greater than 7a or 7<> drgrecs.
West winds are most frequent in spring and tin;
parly part of Summer - Northwest winds in the
latter part of Hummer and first of Autumn —
ami H lUtlnvcst winds blow almost constantly
from the first of October, till the beginning of
.laimiiry, which is the rainy season, and most
disagreeable part of tlie year.
The result of seveiat experiments saii-tic.l
him that the laud along the (’olumhia is gener
ally unfit for cultivation, though the soil is not
every where the sum”, and there were probably
places which would yield abundant crops. \ a
rious tields of garden seeds tvero planted hy
him iu the month of May, hut though his gul
den had a fine appearance in August, und the
vegetables were suffered to remain in the
*■ The accountant officers of the Treasury of
the United Stntes, nfto, icceiving iliis informs
lion, charged this million with interest against
the claim of linaumehnis, and paid him the ha
lance. Against this charge, lie ami his heirs
have complained, and applied to Congress for
relief.'’
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA.
From tin* AtignMfi Chronit l**.
Ditract of a letter, dated Athens, Jlugvst 7. 1320.
“ The Junior F.xhibitinn look plaru on Tuemkiy,
thr exercises opening vvi'li n 1’iayer by fho Inte I'rc-
sident, tl»« venerable and Reverend Dr. Waudll,
wbic.lt wa* HiiccetMlerl by the following
ORATIONS.
James It'. Harris, D .S. # Our Country.
Wm II Hunt P. K. »S.t—*• Man baa more to dread
from the ponsionii of his fnllow creatures, tlian from
lb*- convulsions of nature.'’
/•’ l) Wimberly, 1) S.—Tlio importance of our
National Union
(inn ere ll T I'uncc, P. K S—Mun is tending
wards perfection
Joseph J. (iriffin, I) S. —Tho present condition and
future projects of nur country
James .I .Yisbit, D S—Ibmaprirto
flubrrt It Houghton, P K i? —The path to glory
is not strewed with flower*
Thomas (iiten flat run, l) S.—'I’lin field for Ame
rican Rlounonco
James M. Saiifth, P K S—Amor Patri.e.
William r IIill, 1) 8 —
“ Who It itlt ‘rn t!ie v|;ir of fgmr
time's otvn li.md, excepting during the years j j, r( , uru | um ,| t | lB c ,„i t) ( December, stdl tiotli-
IH18 and 1HI1), when, being affected by sc-J mg came to maturity but radishes, turnips and
vorc illness, lie was obliged to employ the I potatoes. Tlio turnips were of a I’rodigious
v f it n I,...,..... I ll,;.i,, it,,-..
not bo liarjx ',vnoxertTfry
Imv** it c:nrrie<l into plFcct Tbi** tb»*y mny «b»
successfully by urging upon thp inmds of tbc
next ilelegnte from tlicrr respective counti t *
the Legislature, nml upon the whole collective
ly, the propriety of making u .suitable appropria
tion for that purpose ; for it cannot be believed
that if made properly Kcnstble of tins want tbev
will besitate u moment to make h » pubcious ho
appropriation in behalf of an institution wi-ely
founded by their predecessors ns the eur^ei N of
tin* genius, intelligence, & wisdom of the State.
The institution itself is wholly incapable of ef
feeling this desirubleobj**ct,or it certainly " otibl
not have so long remained neglected---n t ontin
uni source of mortification to the State pride
and literary enterprise of it? inmates.”
Wlihi is it but n ititip <>t lm?y life
MILLEDGEVILLK, AUG. 15.
F.l:
Slit,
assistance of a friciullv amcnticn
I>OMIOST5r.
Vrom t/x Hue Trade . lJuocuU.
SMALL RANK NOTR8.
Shi ale. of Ttnnsylvunid, Dice nber I??, 18*28.
it! 1*0 a r.
Mr. Kerlin, from tho comtnittco on banks,
which was directed by a iCeolulion of tho lOlb
itist. to enipiir*.* into tbe expediency of repeal
ing the law passed on the llfh day of April.
entitled *‘ ntt net concerning small notes,”
for tlio payment of money, and to wliich lin
al.*o bacn referiod tlitcrs memorials up jn the
subject, reported :
'l'ljat the system of policy pursued by the le
gislature tor a number of years, in their endea
vours to restrain the circulation, within this
state, of notes of a lens denomination than live
dollars, ip, in the opinion of your committee,
founded in the soundest principles of political
economy, and if pert-isted in, cannot fail of
producing tin* most beneficial results to the
community. Of this system, your committee
are of opinion, that die act ol* the Inst r.es.mm
form* a moM important feature. Previous to
the passage of this act, the ellmts of tho legis
lature had been alone directed to control cor
porations of their o\\ n creution in their issues
cit* this paper, hut that net strikes ut tlio evil in
a difieient shape, hy rendering penal the use of
this species of circulating medium, wherever,
und by w lo'iuHot \ t r issued. Your committee
are not aware of any change of circumstances
iillecting tlio interests of the community, cal
culated to induce an alteration of the deliber
a tidy expressed opinion of the legislature at
their last session ; on the contrary, this appears
to In the appropriate time , business of ull kinds
continues in a nourishing condition, productive
lai.'.'ujr nnd capital, the great soutees of wealth
and piospcvtty, are lully employed. No mo
ment, therefore, could Do juoro propitcoua than
the present,for the ample re*lornti\;R <*•
rein y of intriuMC value to the timtl! cliddUi.' 4
of cireiilation.
The argument (and it i? tho only plausdd
, olio of the. largest measured Ihirtij the
! inchi3 in circumference, and weighing Jiflrni
j and a half pounds. A dozen of potatoes pro
ditcod ninety, which were planted the succeed
ing Spring, but tin; second season svas so much
i colder than the fust, that these produced noth
t ing at all.
j Cellar, spruce, \\ Lite pine, hemlock, Sic. were
| the most common trees, tlio cedars being gen
erally four or five fat boms in rircumlerenee,
! and the hemlocks from l*i to20 indies in diame
' ter. An unmet)so white pine tree is mentioned,
I which seven men, standing with their arms ex
tended, were not able to encircle, and which
; upon admeasurement was found to he fatly lira
;\fctf in circumference.
Wilil fruits in tihtimlnnco are to he found
from the middle of Juno to the middle of (J.*
loiier. Resides tin* raspberry, tlio niombs ol
July and August funisli a pleasant arid fruit of
a blue color, about the. size of a cherry, nml
another fruit which grows iu clusters on a small
bush like the garden current, which hns a linn
taste, is wholesome, ami may ho oaten in any
ipiantities without injury. Rlackheiries, oher
rics, currents, w ild pears fry crab apples, are also
found ; toget In r v\ itli a great variety of iitltriiiou.-
roots, of w hich thenativus make great urn*.There
is one in particular, which they rodtice to paste
hy pounding, tnaltn into cakes of five or six
pounds weight, ami hake it on fi.it stones heat
ed ii: Lie lire producing a bread nluio'l as pala
table as our ow n.
.Salmon nml Murgcon abound iu the ('
bin River, during certain parts of the year, ami
these constitute tlio principal food of the na
tives. The Salmon lishcry commences in July
and continues until August; in the latter part
of which mouth, and during September, Mur
geou of an excellent ijuality are caught. Somi
of theso are very largo, one of which ho saw
measuring 11 lint, an l weighing fid) pounds
Io October and N ivunhor salrn >n are ag do to
he had, though of a ddiereut species and poorer
«lunlitv* In tlio month of February, a small
species of (is!i of a very line Havor, is taken in
abundance ; but these remain only a short
time.
The fjmuh upeds of this Territory are the elk,
Ivaured hy any of the memorialists) that ! the fallow-deer, the hhick-tailed deer, tho roe
notes are of convenience in facilitating ! deer, toe black boar, the hre
brown hear, the gray
I hear, the wolf, the panter, the tigerent, the rue-
! coon, tho whistler, a species of marmot, the
land ottfr, nbd the otter. The grey bear is re
presented as being extremely fierce nnd car
nivorous.
The most remarkable birds arc the nun eagle,
fore it shall have gone into operation, tho avow- j tlio black eagle, tin*, turkey-huzsard, the hawk,
I dor iileratmn of tin- mnvets of this ompiiry, J the pelican, the cormorant, the swan, the heron,
small
the transmission by mail, of Mtiall sums of iro
noy, however correct in itself, is trivial in com
parison to (lie c\ iltf ai ising from the cimilation
throughout the community, of an unsound me
dium of » xchange.
To repeal this netnt the present moment, be-
would, in ihe opinion id’yotir committee, e\ uu c ; the
, the bustard, a variety of ducks, i
weakness nml vacillation, on tho part of the j oral species of geese. Thu nun englo is M' <’al
legislature, not less derogatory to their high
character than detrimental to the heal interests
of the community.
In their enactment of tUL law, the Icgisla-
tuio were not unmindful that the Mihstitu-
tion of a w holcHome for a spurious currency,
| like all other radical t hanges in human institu
tions, must inetilttbly ho accompanietl with
partial iuconveiiiencetf ; hence the operation of
the law w as postponed, and ample time allbr-
dt»d to prepuro for this event. It is within the
knowledge of your commiitce, that iu many
parts of the eoinmnnwenlth, advantage has
been taken of this eautiomiry provision, to pre
pare for the operation of the law at the np-
r ] pointed time, ami if in believed, that by far the
mote considerable poi tion of the state is thus
prepared. If some sections thereof, resting
upon the faith of successful impoi (unities for a
r. pcul of the law, or on their own determina
tion to disregard it* w holosome prov isions, have
been supinely m glectful of the salutary anti
paten.al voice of the h gisluture, the fault is not
chargeable to the law itself, hut those who ore
hound to obey i’, and furnidn\s no argument
against the w holosoineiicsH of its provision, or
i.'i.si.u for u n<|>e»l If iml.-.nl U.o (in- | r(Mim( , (1 , l)le ir It mkeix. N
-iiion assumed hy some memorialists, that me
inhibition of those small notes will deprive
them altogether of a circulating
correct, in that cast*, the I
he to them a grievance. Rut to thin position,
your coiiimitit n rauimt for one moment assent ;
the fears of the memmialisu on this head art*
entirely groundless. The scarcity of metallic
in lifts been occasioned b>
f these note.i—they have
e id* tho coin w hich was
led, from its having a white bend, though the
rest of its plumage is of a dirty black-
[Dostan Bulletin.
To flic EJilurs of the lliehmond Enquirer
lienltcmen : - As the claim of n-uiuiuarchais
against the l,Hited Htates, has been lately the
subject of .ii-ciission in public prints. I have
been induced to send you the following extract,
thinking it may throw* some light upon this
much agitated afiair, slioul 1 you seo fit to j»iil»-
lish it.—The extract is from “ Pitkin’s political
ami civil history of tho United States”—vol. 1,
j). p. 1*20 1*22. C.
JiLYkM, le-JO.
K XL 11 ACT.
“ Ry a contract or sctilemont between JJr.
Franklin nml tin* Count do Yergonuos, in Feb.
1700, it appeared that three millions of livrea
were furni-hed by France, to the United ritates,
prior to the treaties of 17^8, as “ aids and sub
sidies,” under the title of “ gratnitoii.s assis
tance from tin* free generosity of the King,”—
Two millions of this was paid directly to the
\tnci ican C'oinniis.'innors at Paris, ami was ac-
iniimpnr-
\iin\v how
currency among if
tlio iiitroductioti
either taken the pi.
ut one tii
produce
of country, or having In:
cod there, have since hoc
elusion of a metallic cur
dm n small notes out td*
m original!) inttodu
i used t.* the entire ex
nicy. Let them hut
•irculation, and specie
i«:tion, ami daily to deny nit that could I
ho proved tig tiiM me. A l tin* same tune I
unllv cpnlifud m\ denial Lv
I been t!u* auth r of tl
l l have felt myself »j\)de , j
i ret hy r<Tus.:i;r II1V ,
ii it was usk« 1 for aci ••
mt I ilt jii I m i-
truth t-, that I never expeeieil oi
■guise my emiim.viun with these mwi
utiv one w |;o lived u:» terms of intitnn
r l'Iu* number of cuincideuc
di neeessanlv exists hetwei tt tiurrativ
ui;*.*.d. niodcs't fc.xprcs'siujt. a** I emm:*'
statinir, that, |
• * works, I j
ih tl to pm-
n evidence,
dish a dis-
ccul. Tho
■ d or hoped
had ever aeenmited for the other million, nor
.. , was it known for n long time, to whom it hud
' 'j" * l**/ 11 ’ " ! } H . I been paid. In I7$fi, tlie Secretary of (Congress
t •,! ...m y vvmi , | was di roc tod to make enquiry of L).*. Franklin
on tho subject. Tho lioctor requested the
1'rouch (iovornment to inform him, to w hom
this million had been paid. In niiswvi* to his
enijoirv. In* w as informed that it was paid from
the Royal Treasury on tlio 10th of June, 177b;
hut tlio fount de Vergunues refused to give the
, , i name of the person tu whom it was paid, or to
mil' t n |... .>; ■ t Ml ......i.iit.nK ll.o annual fll ,„f ,1m w ive.i lor it; .to
0.0 lni».J nt" 1 la llml l l,,r l ,°" | rlnrins 11.:«t*t"|iis woul.l lie ..f no mi|.orln..c.
to the (hiiiotl .'hates, as the million was a tree
gift to them, ami no ro-ptiv incut wus expec
ted.
*• Dr. Franklin rrmitntjnicnied to the ricere
tary of (’ongress the result of his entpdri* s, in
a letter of Jan. 1787, in w hich lie says—** H> i
tlie ministers refusing a copy ot* the receipt, I j
conjecture it must he money advanced Jor our
use to Reatimnrcliais, and that it is a '• mystere
da Cabinet,” which, perhaps, should not he fur
ther enquired into, ‘ unless necessary to guard
against more demands thun may he just, (rout
that agont.”
“ For, it mil) well ho supposed,” he subjoins,
that if tlie t’oiiij furnished him with the
means of supplying us, they may nut he willing
to furnish tiulht r lie proof of sueh a transaction,
yj t ill / iu our dispute with (Jreat Rri ain Pray
toll me, has he drnpt hid don unis, or does he
still continue to worry you with them.”
“ Reaumarchais stiil continued to press for
tlie paymmit ot*tho ichitluo of his demands;
and m 1788, his claim was rt fin ed to the Hoard
of Treasury. Tho members o! this hoard, iu
tin* |- report of September of that year, declar
ed that the million in question, if paid to
Rentimarchais, ngiecahly to the suggestion of
Dr. Frunkliu, ought to he charged against Ids
claim.
** That this million was reci*i\ed hy him, res
ted in conjecture until 171)1, when (louverneur
Morris, the Vmericun Munster at Paris, was tli
reeled to apply to the then Government of
France, f u* the name of the person to whom
this million hail been paid. Tho officers of the
Government readily complied with Ins request, »*y
furnished him a copy of Renntnurchais’ receipt
before mentioned, for the million in question,
dated tlio 10th of June, I77<», the original being
found among n set of papers, filed “ UniteJ
>*ta!c?.*‘
lie.)I«* rl.int*
Charles II' lloiraril. R K S —
“Tlu-ri- i -i twili?litilH\vnJnK niitlipwjrld,
Tie - Id-.- tutot a CdM amt tttvv.
W'Ihdi l.il».-rty’. vv •.!•• flat; sltnll hi- iiiifiirlrit
\n.I K iuirv -I. ill bow to Idt lor »;vi.j
Willi am McKinley, I) S—An Old Man-
On Wednesday tlio oxereises of tlm Annual Coin-
ami notes of a larger denoniinutitui,
in proportion tu tlin wants and convenience
of ihu community, vvilUnuYiiuhlv lake place —
The local situation of some portion of tin* state,
will not loim an exception to this theory, if*
the paper in the small channels ot cueulation
cannot he exchanged for specie on demand, it
is most certainly not tho value it purports to
he, and these industrious citizens of the state
are exchanging tin* produce of their laud and
labour for a fictitious, instead of real value.— ! ,,
It is admitted by the memorialists, that if the
law w as general, cudu acing the neighbouring
st iles of Now York, Ohio, Ac., specie wou.M
be forced into circulation. To tins suggestion,
your committee would remaik, that in order
tiiat such a law should become general, a com
menecni-Uit must he made somew here. Mary
land has made this commencement. Pennsyl
vania next came iuiu the uieasutc, anti it is con
Ihlently believed, th »t th«* states bordering on
... nc.oment oprned with a prayer by the President Unitod St«i
which was suCRtioded hy the following
ORATIONS.
Thomas /’ Srolt. — Latin Salutatory.
William J. Cason — Lnglisli Salutatory.
James M Adams Prostitution of (icnius.
* haler (i Hdtyrr—Balance nf Power.
Hie hard I) Marne. — L iliero n Moral in History.
Isaac JY Mart hind—Iinprtidenr o
John ll. Watts- Rattftlogin, alias Shtngwdinngorism
de.orge. C Heard—(io where tliou wilt, sorrow
awaits ih* o !
John A’ //Vo/deJ—Inferiority of American Litcra-
turn
Cringe C t'icrcr—Natural Seicnco
William It' Smyth—'flm cnmpnrntivn inlliicnrc of
tlio Pi ripati tie and Racoui tn Philosophy upon Phy
sical Hcinnco.
Xuthunicl M Crawford—Valkuictouv.
“ In conferring the honors, as usual, the first was
given to Nathaniel M Crawford; tho second to Tho
in is F Scott and Wm J Vusnn ; tlio third to George
I*’ Pn.ico and Wm W Smyth ; tho fourth to James
M Adams, Sluder (i llillyer, Richard D Moore, J
N. Moreland, and John It Watts, and tlio fifth to Goo
F I h ard and J.dm N Wnddi-I ”
“ The exorcises of Imtli exhibitions were generally
very impressive and interesting, and highly credita
ble to tlm institution. Some of the orations were pe
culiarly hrillaint, us well (n their matter as iu iheit
manner, and might have done honor oven to the most
profound scholar or distinguished orator. Few could
have witnessed these ell’.rts without tlm sensation of
delight which such evidences of youthful eloquence
ami learning were well calculated to inspire, o
out a high si use of respect for the institution in which
they were cultivated ’*
Tin* degree of \ R was conferred upon the fid
lowing nnmrd gentleou n
James M Adams, of South Carolina,
William ll Adams, nl do.
<‘Tcu A Chandler, of \\ \irren county,
Xuthanicl M Cranford, nf Oglethorpe county,
John M. Cuiflrr, of Savannah,
Edward J Erwin, ot North Carolina,
Wm E Full wood, of Athens,
Win ll F/oumoy, of Putnam county,
(irorge F Heard of Grccno county,
Shuler (}. Hillytr, of Athens,
Samuel T. Lawrence, of Savannah.
Hichard I) Moore, of Athens,
r one A* Moreland, of Putnam cnunty,
Edward C Paine, of Clark county,
George F Pierce, of Grneno county.
William IV Smyth, nf Wilkes county,
Thomas F Scott, of North Carolina,’
John H Trippc, of Putnam county,
Wm J. Cason, of Morgan county,
John .V IVaddtl, of Athens,
John ll Watts, of Morgan county.
Tlio degree of A M. was conferred on tho follow
ing named gentlemen :
llrubcn V' Reynolds, of Columbia county.
John S San/tcy, of Washington,
l.dwmJ n of Greenesborougli,
Albert P Torrance, of do.
George Graces of Columbia county,
Augustin S Clayton, Jr of Athens,
George ll Clayton, of do.
Leonidas Franklin, of Macon,
Benjamin Franklin, of Crawford county,
Siucart Floyd, of Morgan county
Wm. fl McKignry, of Athens,
Giles Mitchell, of Chirk comity,
Henning G. Moore, of do.
7iuturt A Ware, of Augusta,
Robert Daugherty, of WatUinsvillo,
Wm. I. Mih lull, of Jasper county,
Janus P IV.iddtl. of Augusta,
Geoige White, of rfivannah-
After the degrees had linen conferred, an Address
to the graduates was delivered hy tlio President.
On Thursday the Anniversary Oration of *ho Phi
Kappa Society was spoken hy Judge Wayne, of Sa
vannah, and elicited tho warmest interest and admi-
rati m from ouo nl the most crowded, ru-pnctnMn,
and enlightened audiences ever witnessed in the Statu.
Much pluvious interest had been excited iu the occa
sion hy the dis inguishod literary and oratorical abili
ties of tho speaker ; and if one may judge from the
plaudits elicited, and tlio general expression of admi
ration, which succeeded, the favorable anticipations
which had been formed were fully realized. Judge
Wlyoo is n gentleman of peculiarly excellent quali
ties, both of mind und disposition— d< velopjng, as lie
has dor.o from his youth, cither as a politician, a bar-
judge, a happy comlmvjlton nf unwavering
impartiality, careful investigation, indexible firmness
of purpose and Ulaudriess and suavity of manner, sol*
loin (quailed; and which has attained for him the
highest respo< t and esteem of Irs acquaintances and
the unlimited confidence of both parties. The Ora
, I presume, will he published hy the Society,
and though divested of tho beauties of its delivery,
tl will douhlluss he read with great pleasure.
It has been customary heretofore, for each Sucic-
iv* (the Demostheiiinn and Phi Kappa) to appoint an
Orator to deliver an address at every Annual Com
mencement ; but an arrangement Ins been entered
into hy which ihev are to m ike such appointment ai
ternaiely, the 1*10 Kappa having made tlio first ap
pointment under this arrangement, for tho present
We nrc authorized to announce Jorl
Crawford, 1w|. ms a candidate for the otTiro ol
Governor of this State, ut the ensuing election.
I (£jr** \Vc an* authorised to announce Gnniuji:
1 ll Gh.mku, K-q. as n candidate for the otliec of Go-
! Yurrior of this State, ut tlio ensuing ok-ciion.
'J j ‘ We are nnth irisod to announce Col IIF.NUV
(j LAMAR, of llibh county, a candidate to Repre
sent (juorgia m the House of Representatives of tin
, to till Mr Gilmer’s vacancy.
APPOINTMENTS HY THE GOVER
NOR. Al.I.KN G. FAMBHOCUll. <d* CuiTdll
county, to bo Aid de Cninp to the Commandci
in Chief, with tlie rank of Colonel.
Natiiav C. Sayrc, of Sparta, to he Aiil-de-
Cntnp to the Commander in Chief, with tin
rank of Colonel, vice Colonel A. Alston, r«*.
fdguetl.
UNTVFKSITY OF GEORGK V.—The
Trustees have ele< led
The Rev. Alo.nzo Church, President of thi
University,
Mr. McGeiif.e, Professor of Matlien atics
and
Mr. James P. Waddhi., Professor of Laugna
ges.
'Fhe duties id Professor of ReMes LeUter:
and Ethics, are, for tin- present, to he disrliar
geil hy Di. Church.
SM ALL NOTES.—We publish to-day,
the report of a Committee of tin* Legisln
of Pennslyvniiin,at its last session,upon th«
peiliency of repealing tlie law passi-d nt the
preceding session, prohibiting the issue and
eolation of hank hills under five ihdlnrs. 'Fhr
law was not repealed, nnd the people ol’ that
State congratulate themselves now that the le
gislature stood firm. If is to he hoped that n
similar measure will be adopted hy every State
in tin* Union.
■fcecol^cfl gnrifunlly^verted froJwGts old chaii-
io*ls. Sudden changes in the course of nation-
si indiiMry are always nttei ded with evils more
or less serious and extensive. Who, but n mad
man, would think of (‘hanging the course of a
large river, by suddenly throwing a dam across
it, and thus d'duging and devastating the culti
vated fields ; sweeping away, hy irresistible
torrents, the rich surface of the soil ; and ren
dering the wide spread wuters shallow and
uniinvignhle ? A prudent man, on the contra
ry, would first exenvate n new bed, to direct
nud continue the current; would let in the
stream gradually , and would not (dose its an
cient outlet, till the new channel had become
sufficient|y|deep nnd capricious to contain all its
w aters.”
II II
With rrgnrd to a reduction of the revenue, by the
iper;m n . I the Tariff, a writer in the Huston Ga-
z*'U\‘ ‘liuws from odicial documents that the tariff
nets of HI6 nnd 182-1. had, in 10 years, reduced fho
rmni." t' hi fho customs, from $31205,111, to
$18 317.1MM 'Fho same writer, hy reasonable calcu
lating. shows also what will probably lie the revenuo
"t 1.830; which is t!»e first year we shall fool the ef
fects «-f tho act of 1828 upon tin* custom bouse re-
neipt-’, in ruiisoquencoof the credit given on the tfu
ties; for though n portion of the duties that nccruo
\m Inn the year, is receivable within the year, hy far
tho larger p’rtion is receivable the three succeeding
years
The receipts from the customs lor tho year 1820,
are c-timatod l»v -^lr Rush, in his last report, at
$21,500,000 The rccuiiits fur tlio year 1830, will ho
ehicflv fur duties on goods otiti rod subsequent to ihu
art of 182$ ; consequently. 1830 will be tho first year,
in which the rovonuo con he rnatotinlly afiectud hy
the increase of duties in 182$ Tho receipts of 182'.)
will lu» chiefly composed of duties bonded in 1827
and 182$, prior to tlio operation of die act of 182$ —
Ry comparing th« amount of bonds given for duties
this year, with die amount of bonds given last year,
it appears dmt there is a diminution of $2,025,175, in
the first quarter of this year, ill the returns for New-
\ oik and Huston Tho returns fur Philadelphia, fur
the lir*.t quarter of tins year, fall considerably short of
its am »ur;t for the corresponding quarter of last veer.
It is the same case in the returns lor other ports nf on*
try in tIn- United States 15y a na’ural and reason.*!
hie inf- r«uiro, it is calculated tlntt tho lovnn m frn»i»
the customs of 1830, will bo r duced to $11,71)9,718.
The wh de amount of revenue of 1830, may ho esti
mate I m round numbers as lullo
ow n her will full »v\ tlio example of her sister states
of ii Miuilnr policy —it' not ini
certainly til no rninoto period —
1 salutary Effects shall
hy tie tu al experience.—
lore, must earnestly und
u.l the following rosolu-
ndopti
mediately, in
w hen its be ne tic in I i
h ive been d« \ eloped
Your committee, the
unaiiimonsly rccori.n
(ion :
Result it '
the law of the hist sessiol
cei :iing small notes for th
xpedient
i milled
■p««i
eon-
pay ineut of money.
OREGON TERRITORY.
Rut little is known nf this Territnrv. in thin
u imii of our country, and still less of the Ri
fretn w l.ich. ii derives i’s name. ?*•) exten-
Doctor Wapdel having resigned bis late oflieo as
Prcduluiit ul Fiauklin Ckdlege, the Trustees have
evinced ii just regard fur public opinion and tho wcl-
f»ro "f the instiiiitiuii, liv the election of .Mr. Ciiuiilii,
j lain Professor ut Mathematics, to till the vacancy.-—
Air Maukk, of A la bn hi a, h.is been appointed to tlie
vmlmiic) left !»v tlm appouitoicnt of Air (Thurch, und
.Mr Jvmks P \\ \pi*ei., Rector of tlio Uubmond
Academy, to the Professorship of Languages, fur
sometime past vacant
It must have .been a source of deep regret to
all present at this commencement, who haven
just conception of the importance of education
to tin? stability and improvement nf our Repub
lican institutions, to witness the great want
whirl; » lists of a suit able Chapel of the Univer
sity. Tho present one is not only unseemly
and contemptible m i»s aspect, compared with
the. adjacent buddings, hut entirely too contract
ed in its dimensions lor the put poses of annual
exhibition. It is painful in witness tho many
fruitless efforts to obtain seats, and even to
breathe in the crowded ones obtained. Even
tlm holies, too, are necessarily crowded and
jostled about in a manner the most iincoriifortu-
hie and distressing that can In* conceived ; there
being scarcely room to contain them alone, in
addition to the Trustees und students of the
institution ; and to contain tlm whole of those
desirous ot'attending the exhibitions, it would
require n building of at least three, if not four
times the dimensions of the
The vast no
and
h
present one.—
respectable, intelligent
distinguished iudiv idu ils who assemble
e annually, from every section of tlm State,
s the best evidence of the high
individuals cannot hut be deeply sensible
tlm glaring necessity of the improvement sug
gested, it inny be justly hoped that they will
n inostlicniau 9oc.i'*, r * Vb\ K.wo Sodct"
TA RIFF.
• !
Tlio ruinous efforts of the Tarilf begin to devolopc
thetnsnlvoH. nnd to be felt tbiuughuul the country.—
The interest which it was tho design of this Tariff to
promote, hns so seriously suffered in lho eastern
States, that legislative interposition is now expected,
to repair tho losses it has sustained. Nut only d
appear that the manufacturing, agricultural, und
rnerrial interests have suffered, bv tho “ American
System,” but if appears also, that the revenue of tlio
United Stntes will bo nfleeted, and that other means
will have lo be employed, to raise n sufficiency of mo
ney to pay the necessary expenses ofllio government,
and tho interest and principal id’ the public debt, us
it becomes due.
The more enlightened manufacturers perceivo now
the errors of tlio protective system ; they lament the
support they have given to it. They confess that, if
it had not been for thotniilf of IS28, the omharra
merits with which they have been lately v i.dtc.l, would
not hnvn happened. Competition vv.i
incieaaed in a greater ratio than tho population and
'•onsumplion warranted More steady prices would
Iiiivo continued for ihoii manufactures, and the luto
immense importations of foreign manufactures, to
savo the heavy duties of tho Taiilf, would not have
taken pluco The low price of cotton and woollen
goods, must, therefore, bn nsmbod to the largo quan
tities which have been manufactured and imported
and which must now ho sold, at any price, to meet
engagements, either nt home or ahrnnd
We have before us tho evidence nf a manufacturer
who has withstood the shock produced by tlm Taiilf
hecauHO fortunately fur him, tin* framers of that tanll
thought proper to exclude from if, the article he man
ulactured We «liall quote tlm Huston Gazette on (Ic
subject of .Mr. Robinson's Metal Hutton Manufactory
After giving a description of the manufactory, and of
the manner buttons are made, the writer proceeds: -
u It is said tin'll Mr. Robinson iimltmook the
manufacture of button'', without any |irovieu<
experience m* practical knowledge in th** l>u>i
ness. In carrying it to it- present state of per
fection, lie lias reduced every part of the pro-
ces-i to the utmost simplicity of which it is sus
ceptible, and has introduced some very rid van
lagoons improvements not |»r**\iou>ly known
m Europe. His ingenuity and cuti rpris*’ are
fully entitled to the liberal harvest, which I nut
gratified to understand, lie is now r. aping
from his labors. In tin* city of Fliil.ulelphiu
alone, it is said, lie supplies upwards of forty
trading houses with buttons.
The first basis on which tin* success of this
cssnblislmient lias been founded, deserves the
consideration, not only of manufacturers, hut of
our national legislators. This manufacture
has grown up gradually under the wat. hful
eye id* prudence, and the pruning hand of
industry and economy ; and it has tlms become
a hardy plant, able to withstand domestic chan
ges and foreign competition. It i*i not of the
hot house growth, It has not been prema
turely brought forward hy the forcing process
of legislative protection, or hy tlio high tem
perature and tlm imnatmni aidor of its fiimds.
'Fho sirocco blast of the “ American System,”
falsely so called, lias not swept over it with its
scoieliing iiilluencc* ; nor hns its native vigor
been prostrated hy untimely intefcrcnce ol
mercenary schemers, visionary politicians and
‘ancihil experimentalists*.
'Fho rate of duty on this species of imported
buttons when the last inauspicious tarilf hill
was enacted, was fortunately suffered to re
main undisturbed. It was previously, as it is
now, twenty five per cent ad v ilorcm. The
man u fact nrc has thus grown up an! flourished,
under the old duly and old system. To ruin it;
to reduce it to the level of tin; cotton an.I wool
len manufactures; it is not only necessary to
pursue the same course in regard in it, which
has been pursued iti regard to the latter.--
Let not the government inkei; under its special
protection. Let the duly on foreign metal
buttons he enhanced till it amounts to a prohi
bition. Let certain gentlemen, al ways on the!
scent of speculation, he thus tempted and exri ;
ted to embark with others possessing great e.-ip '
itnl and little experience, iu this species of
manufacture. Let them with cuporate pow
ers and under the management of gentlemen
presidents nnd directors, gentlemen
infendeiits, gentlemen agents *Y treasiiri
salaries, purchase piinccly domains, build
cions villages, erect and endow chun he-
Fiiblio Lands,
D.v uk’inL Hank U. Slates,
Other sources,
$1-1.000,000
Tlie expenditure* of 1830, tinder tho economical
ad iiinistraiiun f Goner d J u ks »n, may nut ho morn
tli in $20,000,000. Them will then bn a deficit ut
$<1,000,000, which will have to be supp iad hy direct
lax 111on.
•* Ilf.
Another wr \ r in the Boston (iazo’tc, states, that,
nerurding t»* a -taleinent in the New Voi k Directory,
(• r 1829 and 1830, them aru at present 100 ) vacant
houses in that city. The compiler ol the work ac
counts fur t ii upon the ground tli it tho depression of!j:i
>ine$« hns cumpullcil many fun lots, who used lo oe-
copy whole houses, to he content with n suit of room*,
K iili.it in many iiiHtuncos tliero nrc from three to four
fanulii s to be found occupying tin* same ttmcimiiil —
I In states, niurt.-oN ( r, that in Huston tlinro lire Horr.o
huu I reds of houses and stores without occupants, and
a xtill greater number which do not hi ing their own
ers mure than two or three per cent, per annum —
Ho then proceeds :
‘‘Tin’ll* lias indeed hern n race among our
own politician!*, to sp»* who should devise tho
must effectual means of destroying tho princi
pal .sources of our wealth and subsistence.—
Their immediate aim to he sure was tho des
truction of' commerce nml commercial men, as
standing in tin wav of the manufacturing i;t-
(orests; hut the effect has been lo involve the
whole community in embarrassment or ruin —
Merchant*, mechanics, manufacturers, real es
tate holders, capitalists, vh p owners, utid 11-
borers, all share in lie dreadful effects of a
system forced upon tho country by legisla
tion.”
And in alluding to a spew Ii i.f Mr. Everett in sup
port of tho Tarilf, ho concludes :
“ If was by such misrepresentation and non
sense as this, direeted to the enpi lily of* those
who wore to benefit hy prohibitory duties, and
io the prejudice, and ignorance of those who
were to ho the victims of it, that the existing
anti •commercial and anti-national system has
been fastened upon us; and this is tlm princi
pal source of timt depression iu real estate,
an I every other species of property—and morn
especially the inunuficltiring, is chiefly owing.' 1
" We do not deny that there are other caused
uniting with the effects of the high duty sys
tem, to produce, the present unexampled dis
tress; hut we do contend, that that is its primary
cause, nml that we sh ill never he restored to
our former prosperity, till we obtain a repeal
of the act of 1828.
IV.
Wuidiall enncludo nur remarks with the following
article from tin: Charleston Mercery
” ri.c advocates of tho'Farin'are oiidontfy
alarmed at the prospect id’ tlm struggle which
wi>l soon t ike place iu Congress, mid wliich
will determine the question of its life or death.
\n l well may they apprehend the contest.—
For, vvIhM tho opposition to it in tho South is,
il p-ssihl *, mure routed and universal tli.in be*
ti.re, it has also become unpopular in almost
every other mm-tion of the Union. It is only u
few months since that, in iecoinmonding tlm
l*!«!(: I nnle Advocate to public patronage, wo
complained of ih general devotion of the Nor-
loeiii IS ess to the interests of tlie manufactur
ers, nml of the aim st insuperable difficulty of
procuring a hearing for the South, or of having
Iter complaints or arguments laid In-fore tho
people. Since that period a decided change*
has appeared in the conduct of several leading
tmi very influential p;iuts, which lias only jo
tilted, we conceive, from a previous & corres
ponding revolution in public sentiment nnd
iitig. In .New A ork where formerly there
•s b«.t one, there are now no less than five,
those amongst the principal papers, avowedly
lavor id n repeal or modification of tho
I’arifl, and of the restoration of tho country t<>
rood old principles of free tiado and tin •
•kb*d industry. Roston performs hot* duty
, and contends as manfully against tho
unrighteous impositions of our own govern
ment, as ever she did against the arbitrary ex
actions id a foreign. Tlio people of .Maine,
too, are unremitting j M their hostility .to a sys-
1 ‘ ‘* * *' at the root of* their prosper*!-
construct roads and cauaL on a “ liberal scale J
Let all he done, as has been done in other ca
ses, under the impulse of government, direct
ly or in directly exerted; and the sure ami
certain consequence will he, the ruin of indi
viduals, tlie relrogradatiou of ibis inanufaeture,
,, eftRmiitioii j ;in d the consequent, proportional injuries ol
in nlmh litis institution is licl.l; nml nsil'ese! ,l,e l.cst imerrsts oftl.n emiiili). J
j Our manufactures of every kind, in order m
j he Found and healthy, must hu\e a slow and
j natural growth , must increase ns the trade
with which they are immediately connected
winch sink
ty n«d happiness. Above nil the light of
knowledge is spreading in tlio West. Matty pa
pers of that section, with an in lependene. highly
l.oiiorahie, have not only republished the Le
gislative proceedings <d* tlm Southern Slates,
ati I parliularly the admirable Exposition nfihu
South Fnndnm Legislature, in relation to tho
Tariff, hut have also begun to copy copiouxly
from southern prints, articles best calculated lo
render it mipopular, and eventually to destroy
it. Flic people of that region, like tlioso of
• very oilier, nrc beginning to understand its
true eJiarietur nnd tendency. The scales are
rapid)) bulling hotu their eyes, and they now
begin to perceive & to realize that this” Ameri
can System,” into which they so eagerly rush
ed with the (olid expectation of iliimitnhlo
wealth, was, in fact, only u specious ami dclu-
Hiper- : >ivc scheme, devised by Mr. ('lay for the pro
motion of his own selfish and ambitious views.
They now see and feel that whilst it hns de
press- ! all other itrer* sts and ( lasses who were
thus cruelly subjected to the domination of the
mamd termers, it has also ruined the very in
terest itself winch it designed to aggrandize.
They i.nw soh it iii its true character and co
lon* As regards our national concerns, they
see it de-troy mg our commerce, impairing our
revenue, and leading necessarily to the griev
ous impo'dtmii of direct taxes. As regards the
Mitri mil prosperity of the nation, they sec it
producing embarrassment and distress, failure
upon failure, nnd universal suspicion nnd dis
may. They aKo begin to understand it proper-