Newspaper Page Text
the accused ia out of office, to commence their
prosecution.
In connexion with this euhjcct, I invite the
attention of Congress to a general and minin'
iniquity into the coinlitton of the tint ernment;
with n view to nsceriain whut officers can he
dispensed with, what expenses retrenched, and
what improvements may lie made in the oritan
ization of its various parts, to secure the proper
responsibility of public agents, and promote ef
ficiency and justice in all its operations.
The report of the Secretary of War will
make yen acquainted with the condition of our
Army,Fortifications, Arsenals, and Indian At'
fairs. Tho proper discipline of the Anrmy, the
training and equipment of the Militia, the edit
cation hestowed at We.-t Point, and the nceu
tmilation of the means of defence, applicable to
the Naval force, will ten 1 to prolong the peace
we now enjoy and which every good citizen
more especially those who have felt the miser
ies of even a siieccissftil tvarefaro—must ardent
ly desire to perpetuate.
The returns from the subordinate branches
of ibis service exhibit a regu iiritv and order
highly creditable to its character : liiitli nrti -er-
and soldiers seem imbued ivilha proper -cose
of duty, and conform to the restraints of exact
discipline with that cheerfulness which becomes
the profession of arms. There is need, howe
ver, of furl her legislation, to olivinte the ineou
vemences specified in the report under consul
oration, to some of which it it proper that I
should call your particular attention.
The act of Congress of the 2 I March, 1821,
to reduce anti fix tlm military est ibltslimant, re
maining unexecuted its it regards the command
State, always asset ting her clnitu to certain
limits ; which, having been originally defin
ed in her colonial charter, and subsequently
recognised in the treaty of peace, site has
ever since continued to enjoy, except us they
have been circumscribed lit her own volunta
ry transfer of a portion of her territory to
the United Slates, in the articles of cession
of 1802. Alabama was a limited into the
Union on (ltd same footing with the original
Slates, with boundaries which were prescrib
ed by Congress. There is no constitutional,
conventional, or legnl provision, which allows
them less power over the Indians within their
borders, than is possessed by Maine or New-
Yorlt. Would the people of Maine permit
the Penobscot tribe to erect an Independent
Government within their Statol and unless
they did, wmilil it not lie the duty of the Gen
eral Government In support thorn in resisting
such a measure I Would the people of N.
York permit each remnant of the six Na
tions within her borders, in declare itself an
independent people, under the protection of
the United States ? Could the Indians es
tablish a senarate republic on each of their
reservations tit Ohio t And if they were so
disposed, would it bo the duty of this Gov
ernment to protect them in the attempt 1 If
the principle involved in the obvious answer
to these questions be abandoned, it will fol
low that Hie objects of this Government arc
j reversed ; and that it has become a part of
of|ouc of the regiments of artillery, cannot now | its duty to aid in destroying the States which
be deemed a guide to the Executive in making it was established to protect.
the proper appointment. An explanatory act
designating the class of officers out of which
this grade is to be filled — whether from the
military list, ns existing prior to the act of 1821,
or from it, as u has been fixed liv that net —
would roil ovp this diffienlty. It is also impor
turn dial the.laws regulating tiro pay and <-moln
Actuated by this view of the subject, I in
formed the Indians inhabiting parts of Geor
gia and Alahdma, that their attempt to estab
lish an independent government would not
be countenanced by tho Executive of the IT.
States, and ifdviscd them to emigrate beyond
incuts of officers generally slnm'ld iio more spe j tho Mississippi, or submit to the inws of those
rific ill ill they now are. Those for example,
in relation *o die Paymaster and Surgeon (Jen
oral, assign to them nn annual salary of two
thousand five hundred dollars (tint urn silent as
to allowances which, m certain exigencies of
the service, may he deemed indispensable to the
discharge of ihcir dunes. This circumstance
lias been the authority for extending in lliem va
rionsntlowonc.es, ai d-lfcreiit times, under f>r
liter administrations ; Inn no uniform rule has
been observed on I lie subject. Huuilar inconven
iences exist in other cases ; in which the eon
sxrtiction put upon die laws Uy dm public no
c.mintan's may operate, unequally, produce con
fusion, and expose officers to the odium ol
claiming what is not their due.
I recommend to yoar fostering rare, as one
of our safes moans of national defence, the
Military Academy This inutiutinn ling nlrea
dy ex'-rcised the happiest iifl lence upon the
moral -nod inielleetmil clinracier of our army ;
end such of die graduates ns, from various call
eus, may not pursue the professien of arms, will
be scarcely less useful a* citizens. Their know
ledge of die military art will he advantageously
employed in die mifitix service ; and,-in it mea
sure, secare to the* class of troops the advanta
ges which, ill lids respect, lo-long to suinding
nr mica.
I would also suggest a review of the pens'
sioil law, fur the purpose of extending its
benefits to every Revolutionary soldier who
aided in establishing our liliertios, and who is
unable to inaintnin himself in comfort.—
These rcli' ks of the War of Independence
have strong claims upon their e.onntry’s grat
itude and homily. The law is defective, in
not embracing within its provisions all those
who were, during tho last war, disabled from
supporting themselves hv manual lnbor.—
Such an amendment would odd but little to
the umount of pensions, and is called for by
the sympathies of the |icople, ns well ns by
considerations of sound policy. It will be
perceived that u large addition to the list of
pensioners bus been occasioned by nn order
of the late administration, departing materi
ally front the rules which had previously
prevailed. Considering it an act of legis
lation, I suspended its ope atio: s as soon
ns I was informed that it hail commenced.
Before this period, however, applications un
der the new regulations had been preferred to
the number of aim hundred and fifty-four;
of which, on the 27lhof March, the date of
its revocation, eighty-seVcn were admitted.
For tho amount, there was neither estimate
nor appropriation ; and besides this defi-
cicnev, the regular allowances, according to
the rules which have heretofor governed the
Department, exceed the estimate of its late
Secretary, by about fifty thousand dollars, for
which an appropriation is asked.
Your particular attention is requested to
that part of the report of the Secretaiy of
AVar, which relates to the money held in
trust for the Seneca tribe of Indians. It will
he perceived that, without legislative aid, the
Executive cannot obviate the embarrass
incuts occasioned by tbe dinv-.nution of the
dividends on that fund, which originally n
mounted to one hundred thousand dollars,
and has recently teen invested in United
States’ three per cent, stock.
The condition and ulterior destiny of the
Indian trihes within the limits of some of
our States, have become objects of much in
terest and importance. It It.is long been the
policy of Government to introduce among
them the arts of civilization, in the hope of
grn litally reclaiming them from a wander
ing life. This policy Ims, however, been
coupled with another, wholly incompatible
with its success. Professing a desire to civ
ilize and settle them, we have, at same time,
lost no opportunity to purchase their lands dr
_>-4hrust them further into the wilderness. Bv
ibis means they have not only been kept in
a wandering state, but been led to look upon
ns ns unjust and indifferent to their fate.—
Thus, though lavish in its expenditures upon
the subject. Government has constantly de
feated its own policy ; and tlm Indians in
general recoiling further and further to the
West, have retained their snv.gc habits. A
portion, however, of the Southern trib
having mingled much with the whites, and
made some progress in the nils «.f civilized
life, have lately attempted to erect an inde
pendent government within tbe limits of
Georgia nnd Alabama. These States, claim
ing to he the only Sovereigns within their
territories, extended their laws over the In
dians, which induced the latter to call upon
the United States for protection.
Under these circumstances, the question
^plrescnted was, whether the General Govern
ment had a right to sustain those peoplg in
their pretensions! The constitution declares,
that “ no new State slinll be formed or erect
ed within the jurisdiction of any other State,”
without the consent of its Legislature. If
the General Government is not permitted to
tolerate the erection of a confederate State
within the territory of one of the members of
this Union, against her consent, much less
could it allow a foreign nnd independent gov
ernment to establish itself there. Georgia
beenme n member of the Confederacy which
eventuated in our federal union, ns a sovereign
States
Our conduct towards the?e people is deep
ly interesting to our national character.—
Their'presaut condition,contrasted with wlmt
they once were, makes a most powerful ap-
neal to our sympathies. Out ancestors found
them the uncontrolled possessors of these
vast regions. By persuasion nnd force, they
have been made to retire front river to river,
and from mountain to mountain, until some
of the tribes have become extinct, and others
Imre left but rent nuts to- preserve, for a
while, their once terrible names Surround
ed by the whites, with their arts of Civiliza
tion, which, hy destroying the resources of
tile savage, doom him to weakness nnd de
cay, the fate of the Molv-gan, the Nntragnn-
seit, and the D-j-nv «r*», is fast overtaking the
Uhoclaw, ilte Cherokee, and the Creek.—
That this fate surely nwails them, if they re-
iiiam within tin- limits of the States, does not
admit of a doubt. Humanity and national
honor demand that every eil’ort should be
made to uvert so great a calamity. Ii is too
late to inquire whether it was just in the U.
States to include them and their territory
within the bounds o' new States whose limits
they could control. That step cannot be re
traced. .4 State cannat be dismembered hy
Congrcgs, or restricted in the exercise of her
constitutional power. But the people of
these Stales, and of every State actuated by
feelings of justice and regard for our national
honor, submit to you the interestlngqiiestion,
whether sojnething cannot he done, consis
tently with the rights of the States, to pre
serve this much injured race ?
As a means of effecting this end, I sug
gest, for your consideration, the propriety of
setting apart an ample district West «f the
Mississippi, and without the limits of any
State or Territory, now formed, to be guar
antied to the Indian tribes, ns long as they
shall occupy it: each tribe having a distinct
control oyer tho portion designated for its
use. There they inay be secured in the en
joyment of governments of their o' n choice,
subject to no oilier control from the United
States, than such as may be necessary to pre
serve peace on the frontier, and between the
several tribes. There the benevolent may
endeavour to teach them the arts of civiliza
tion ; and by promoting union and hiirmony
among them, to raise up an interesting com
monwealth, destined to perpetuate the race,
and to attest the humanity nnd justice of this
Government.,
Ttiiv emigration shoubMie voluntary! for it
would he,ii* cruel as unjust to compel the abo
rigines to abandon the graves of their lathers,
nnd seek a liomt in a distant land. Hilt they
should be distinctly informed that, if they re
main within die limits of the States, they must
l.e subject to their laws. In return for their
obedience as individuals, they will, without
doubt, be protected in tho enjoyment of those
possessions which the.y have improved hy their
industry. But it seems to me visionary to sup
pose that, in this state of things, claims can he
allowed on trains of country on which they
have mother dwelt rior made improvements
merely Irecause they have seen them from the
mountain, or passed them in the chase. Sub
milling to the laws of the States and receiving,
like other citizens, protection in their persons
arid property, the. will, ere in;.g,become trier
god tit tlm mass of our population.
The accompanying report of the Secretary
of the Navy will make you acquainted with the
condition and useful employment of that branch
of our service, during llie present year. Con
stituting, as it docs, the hu-t standing security
of this country against foreign aggression, it
claims the especial attention of Government
In this spirit, the measures whirl), since the
termination of the last war, have been in oper
ation lor its gradual enlargement, were mlop
led ; and it should continue to he cherished ««
the offspring of our nnlioiwtl experience. It
will he seen, however, that, notwithstanding
the great solicitude which has been manifested
for the perfect organization of this arm, and
the liberality of the appropriations which that
solicitude bus suggested, this object has, in m»
uy important respects, not been secured.
In tiinn peace, we have need of no more
ships of war than are. requisite to rhe protec
tion of our commerce. Those not wanted for
flus object, must lav in tho harbours, where,
without 'proper covering, they rapidly decay;
and, even under tlm host precautions for their
preservation, must Boon become useless. Such
is already tho case with many of our finest ves
sels ;• which, though 'unfinished, will now re
quire immeuso sums of money to he restored
to the condition in which they were, when
committed to their proper clement. On this
euhjcct there can he hut littlo doubt that our
heat policy would he, to discontinue tlio buil
ding of ships of lIio first and second class; and
look rather to the possession of nmple materi
als, prepared for the emergencies of war, than
to tho nnmber of vessnlg which we can float in
a season of peace, as the index of our naval
phwer. Judicious deposites in Navy yards,
of limber nnd other materials, fashioned under
the hand; of skilful workmen, and fitted fur
prompt application to tlipir various purposes,
would enable os, at nil timcs.'io construct ves
sels as fast ns they can he manned, and save
ilie he.avy expense of repairs, except to ntcli
vessels as must he employed in gnnrding our
emnmerre. The proper points for the estab
lishment of these yards are indicated with so
much force, in the roport of the Navy Board,
that, in recommending it to your attention, I
deem it unnecessary to do more than express
my hearty roniurrenre in their views. Tin-
Yard in this District, being already furnished
w ith most of the machinery m-cesttai v for ship
building, will lie competent to the supply of tin-
two selected hy the Heard ns the best for the
concentration of materials ; and from tho fa
cility anil certainty of communication between
tin lit, it will lie useless to incur at these dc-
pats, the ex(ieitse of similar machinaly, espe
cially that us'-d in preparing the usual metalin
and wooden furniture of vessels.
Another improvement would lie effected by
dispensing altogether with the Navy Hoard, ns
now constituted ; nnd sithsiitirtiug, in its stead,
bureaus, similar to those already existing in the
War Department. Each member of the Hoard,
transferred to the lu-ud of a separate hurt-ail
charged with specific, duties, would feel, ill its
highest degree, that wlndc-moM responsibility
winch cumuli lie divided without a far more
Until proporiionale diminution of its force. —
Their ruhmltle services would heroine still
more so when separately appropriated to th*
tinct portions of the great inter-su of iIn* N i
vy, to the prosperity of which t u b would he
impelled lu ilcvote hun-vll l-y t e *■ n-ugi-si mo
tives. Under such nn nt i-niigeme.ut, every
hrnnehof this important service would assume
a more simple and precise, clt-usel-ir ; ils nlB
ciency wool I he increased, ami scriiinil-riis
economy in ih» expenditure of the public in--
ili-V promoted,
I would also rccmumrml tlial tlm marine
corpshe merged in tint artillery or infantry, as
the best mode of curing the in my d feels in'it-
nrganizaiitm. But little exceeding in number
any of the regunoms of infantry, lint corps
lias, besides its Lieutenant Gnluiiel CmiMi-iii
ilnnl. five Hrcyel Lieutenant Celem-ls, who re
ceive tl-e full pay anti cmoliitucbls of ihcir bre
vet rank, without rendering proportinuitc set.
vice. Details for in irine service enul.I as well
he made from the infantry or artillery, titer •
being no peculiar training requisite for it.
With tlo-se improvements, and such others
nsz’-al iti:> watchfulness ami mature considers
lion may suggest, there can he little doubt that
under an energetic Htluiinistraiimi of its iilVoirs,
the Navy may soon he made every thing that
the nation wishes it '.-the. Us cfiii-ienry in tin-
suppression of piracy in the West India seas,
and wherever ils squadrons have been employ
ed in securing the interests iff ilia country, will
appear from the report of tho Secretary, to
w hich I refer you, for other interesting detail-*.
Among these I would hesp'-ak iIip attention ofj
Congress Iio-the * ietvs presented in relation tit
tho inequality between the army and navy as to
the pay of officers. No such ini-quality should
prevail hat-veeu these hravo defenders of their
cnttmi v ; ami where it does exist, it is submit
ted to Congress w-hethe' it might not to ho rec
tified.
The report e,f (lie Postmaster G merul is |-c
ferred to its exhibiting u highly satisfneiury ad
ministration of that i|i‘inrtm-iit.. Abuses have
been reformed; im reused expedition in tlm
transportation f the mail secured ; nnd ils rev
enue much improved. Ill a political point of
view this Department is chiefly important as
affording the means of diffusing knowledge. —
It is to the hody politic, what the veins and ar
teries arc to the. natural, convoying rapidly nnd
regularly, to the remotest parts of the system,
correct information of the operations of the Go
vermiu-m, anil bringing hack to it the wishes
and feelings of the People. Through its agen
cy, we have secured to n -rsulvcs the. full enjoy
ment of the blessings of a free press.
In this general survey of our affairs, a sub
jeet of high importance presents itself in the
present organization of the Judiciary. An un
iform operation of tin* Federal Government in
the different Slates is certainly desirable • and,
existing us they do in the Union, on the basis of
perfect equality, each State has a right to ex
poet that the benefits conferred on the citizens
of others should he ex-ended to hers. The ju
dicial system of the U. 8. exists in all its ef
ficiency in only fifteen members of tlm Union :
to three others, the Circuit Courts, which con
stitute an important part ofth.it system, have
been imperfectly exien-lcil: and, to ihe remain
mg six, altogether denied- The effect has linen
to withhold from the inhabitants of the lat
ter, the advantages afforded (try the Supreme
Court) Ip their fellow-citizens in other States
in the whole extent of tho criminal, and much
of the civil authority of the Federal Judiciary
Thai this state of things ought to ho remedied,
if it can lie done consistently with the public
welfare, is not to be doubled ; neither is it to lie
disguised that tiie organization of our judicial
system is at once a difficult and delicate ta**k. -
I’o extend the Circuit Courts equally through
out tile different parts of the Union, nnd at the
same lime, to avoid such a multiplication of
members as would encumber the Supreme Ap
peltate Tribunal, is tins object desired. P--r
Imps it might he accomplished hy dividing the
Circuit Judges into two classes, ami providing
that tlm Supreme Court slioultl lie held by Ihos.t
classes alternately—the Chief Justice always
presiding.
If an extension of the Circuit Court -system
to ihosn States which tlo not miw e.ojoy its
benefits should lie tleterinineiliipon.it wAnithl,
of course, be necessary to revise the ort-sem
arrangement of the circuit* ; and even if tiiai
system slioultl not ho enlarged, such a revision
is recommended.
A provision for inking the census of the Peo
ple of the United Htates, will, to ensure tlm
completion of thnt Work within a convenient
time, claim the early attention of Congress.
The great ami constant increase of business
in the Department of Hinte, forced itself, at n r
early period, upon the attention of the Exeen
live. Thirteen years ago, it was, in Mr. M idi
soil’d last message tit Congress, made the sub
jecl of nn earnest restitnuinnilaifiin, which h.x-
hcim repeated hy both of his successors ; nnd
my comparatively limited experience has satis
lied in« of its justness. It lias arisen from mn
ny causes, not the least of which is tho large
addition that has been made to the family of in
dependent nations, nnd the prnpnrtionnto t-x
tension of our foreign relations. Tlm rernedv
proposed w as the establishment of n Home Do
pnrtrnent—n measure which does not appear
to have met tbe views of Congress, on urcoum
of its supposed tendency to increase gra lmillv
anil imperceptibly the already too strong bias
of the fetl«rnl system tower-la the exercise id
authority not delegated to it. I am not, there
fore, disposed la revive the recommendation ;
Imt am not the less impressed with the impor
lance of so organizing (hot Department, that
its Secretary may devote more of bis time to
our foreign relations. Clearly satisfied iltnt the
public good would he promoted by soma suirn
tile provision on the subject, I respectfully in
vite your attention to it.
The charter of tho Bank of the U. S. expires in
18ttti, anil ils stockholders will uniat probably ap
ply for a renewal of their privileges. In order
to avoid tho evils resulting from precipitancy in
a measure involving such important principles
ami such deep pecuniary interests, 1 feet tlint I
cannot, in justice to tiie parties interested, too
soon present it to tlm deliberate consideration
ofthe Legislature and the People. Both the
cuustitutionnlitv and the expediency oftlrn law
creating this Bank, arc wcli questioned hy n
large portion of our fellow citizens ; nnd it
must lie admitted hy all, that it has fnileil in the
grent end of establishing a uniform olid snuml
currency.
Under these circumstances, if such nn insti
tution ia deemed essential to the fiscal opera
lions of the Government, I submit to the vris
dom of the Legislature, whether n nntinnnl mu
st the same time, secure nil tho advantages to
the Government nnd country that wore expect
e-l to result from tho present Bank.
I cannot close this rninmtinit-ntinti without
bringing to your view tin- just claim of the re
presentativi-s of Uomtnoilore Decatur, hisnffi
cers anil cr- vv, arising from the recapture of
the frigate Philadelphia, tieiler the heavy butte-
rtes of Tripoli, Although sensible, ns a gener
al rule, of the impropriety of E.vt-rntivo inter
ference unitor n Government like ours, where
every ioillvidll.il enjoys 11 • r* right of directly pc
liti.tiling Congress, vet, viewing ibis ease as one
of a very peculiar ehnracter, I deem .t my duty
to ret-ommi'iiil it to your fuvnrnlile c-.tisi lcni
lion, lb-sidgs the justice of this claim, ns ror
responding to tlm-o- which have been since
Moogiii-ied and satisfied, it is the fruit of a deed
iff pa'riotic and chivalrous daring, mine'll info
sc I life nnd Confidemio ill our infant Navy, mid
i-nnlrihtiind as much ns any exploit in its history,
to elevate our national rh-irnru-r. Public, grati
tude, therefore, stamps her seal upon it; ami
tint meed should net l.e vvithhei I which may
hereafter operate as a stimulus to nor gallant
tar--.
I non- commend you. f. il ov citizens, to the
guidance of Almighty (loti, wit It n full n lionet!
on his tn-reifitl providence for tlm maintenance
uf our It ee institutions ; and with an enrin-s-
supplication, that, whatever emirs it may I"-
lie my lot to commit, in iliseharging the arduous
duties which have devolved on ma, will find a
i-eineily iu the linrinonv and wisdom of your
counsels. ANDREW JACKSON.
this occasion to return the thanks of the so*
ciety, to those who hnvc contributed to aid
their benevolent intentions.
They regret to be obliged to etnlc that n sil
ver scent box with gold lining, was purloined
from one of the tnbles, hy some person un
known, supposed to be iiy n servnut, nnd if
the nrftele should lie detected, the thanks of
the ladies will be tl to the person who will
deliver it to the first directress.
E* EMALE EDUCATION.-
M. term of ,li. SPA RTA FKMAV.K AC,
-Tfc«
term of Hi* SPARTA FEMALE ACADEMY, «
‘ - * r tW c
MARRIED—In *pnrtn,(Gi«i.) nn Thursday th*- rid ii>t.
* . Mr. ibnvnrd, Mnj. JOHN F. PLOY’D, ol Camden county. I rlent nf'tl:
* * N\ II. A LST-IN, second iltU|llfit ul Ouh flu-
• Mi«* MAI5Y
•ft W.A!<’.«m,»r Ov 1
In H arrnt county, V
t it. coi. AircrsTi’s
JAflY If. IIAWKINS,
s. turolinn.
menceon the 2d Mondny (IUhl of January,
Ic mien re t»f Mr. nnd Mm. TwISH.
Instruction will be given in the diffcreflt twnrehe* nt i
studies—in the French mid Spanish Lanfuegufi— .1* NfMle*
In* anti Dmwlnjr.
Termsol Tuition nnd Hoard will be moderate, i»JM low
enn possibly Ite afforded.
Tbe (‘l inrtiinlavnit'liiir.iiclf rf (his opinM ttinity to **!>«**•
ri'Mleht) nil.now l(V cuter It* io tbe pntrnr* ami ffVhd* of Ihl* I
stltution for fheir liberr.l suppoi i,nnd for their roiiftnned ordffii
wftunrd excifiotm t*.| r , Ikcntteof Fcn-nfo fcihwHilof.
Iti h not itronrnntthiu insinuation! nn*l report* bee®
tinsti'inti-Ay circulated ftl>« oml by tin* *ecret nnd ItffiilUott*
inie» nf the Institution, ’ Tbnf the Frm«> ArndeiPf would
t.iiidy be disctMilliuied-lliHl jt inuft goduM n—Ilmf if
to support itself on nct-mtul of in inciensin* expense*,** ke, .
it« fl'Mti ialiitej rutidiiion nnd the liberal encouragement
reived ir(-;n mi Pitlij;hlened pnli'ic ditrit’f (hepr«t jreaf,nr* MHT-
vs-a, eten were there no other proof*, to WWW
. .1 rr.luuiidous t.sserlion*.
Tiie Prineipnl d-em» it an net of justice to cor)nutlet throe rr-
OFITCIAL PRIZE LIST
Oftne First Drawing ol the
MILLEDGEVIUiFi
W B ttf 1
toTTEsnr.
On Fridaij Ihi. 11 th Drrrmher, 1S20.
Ertraclsfrom the Mrssagc nf Got:. Mtu.r.n,
of South Carolina.
\Vo live under n government, theoreti
cally the most perfect on earth : whether ils
uctti.il benefits slinll correspond with its theo
ry, or give rise to tyranny, distt-iion nnd civil
w if, depends upon an honest and fair expo
sition of ils powers. It is in vain to supposi
tion a country so extensive, embracing such
n variety of interest us ours, can be governed
exclusively hy Congress, without destroying
its institutions. That is the best government,
which interferes least with tlie interest nnd
property of its citizens. If (lie pretension
lately set up Ity Congress, to pass laws to
bind tho states “ in all cases whatever,” or,
what is the same thing, to do whatever the
general welfare requires, be sustained, then,
this government instead of being one in which
liberty, is enjoyed nnd the right «f property
protected, is n hateful despotism. Let the
consequences be what they may, those must
litswer for them, who present the alterna
tive of servile submission, or constitutional ro
stsiai-.ee, to ti-nrpc.l power. It might hotter
com|M>rt with timid women nnd cowardly
men lo pay black mail to freebooters, than to
arm and repel them. But an intelligent and
bryve people, will not look to tbe possible
pieures involved in the defence of their
dearest and most invaluable rights. An
honorable man, for his own purposes, never
discussed the difference between beggary and
rohhci-y, nnd yet it is difficult to imagine
how an able-bodied individual can Imng upon
the skirts of society for support, without ■ar
ranging himself among the oncor tho other of
these classes.
The Manufacturers press their claims upon
tiie bounty of Government in n manner un
paralleled in tlm history of legislation. The
direct interest of individuals or of partical tr
sections of country, is made the basis of n
system, sapping the foundation of the hon
est labor and constitutional rights of other
sections. It is entirely obvio is that those
States owning Slaves, have a distinct and
separate inter -st from such ns have none.—
With this d fference in our institutions, we
jointly achieved the Revolution; with this
difference we formed our present C nstitu-
tion; vve came into the Union with our
slaves, nnd now the selfish sons of chival
rous parents, would cither directly, or in direct
ly, deprive us of the use of them. Whether
this shall he so, ib the issue, which is now ma
king up, between the friends of the Constitu
tion and the ndvoentes of General Welfare.
Slavery is not n national evil; on the contra
ry, it ts a national benefit. The ugricnllur
til wealth ol the country is found in those
States owning Slaves, and a greet proportion
ofthe revenue of the Government is derived
from the products of Sieve labor. Slnvery
exists in some form every where, and it i«
not nf much consequence in a philosophical
'pniiit of view, whether it be voluntarily or in-
Voluptary. In a political point of view in
voluntary slavery lias the advantage, since
nil who enjoy political liberty are then in
fact free. Wealth gives no influence nt the
polls ; it decs, where white men perform the
menial st-tvices which alnvesdn here. Upon
this subject il does not beenm.- us to speak
iii n whisper, betray fear, or ft-ign philanthro
py. The late law of Ohio, imposing re
strictions upon llu-ir free colored population,
is a sensible commentary on the sentimental
Resolutions, heretofore transmitted to us by
that State. From this it seems, that their
benevolence, nnd devotion to the equal right-.
of man, h- nr nn inverse proportion to the in
terest they have in this mutter.
The pledge made in 1818, to appropriate
tone million <>f dollars to objects of internal
improvement has been redeemed, and another
million Ii \s almost been expended. The ob
jects tv.thin the contemplation ofthe Legisla
ture are nearly completed. Tho benefits re
sulting from these appropriations arc now
successfully developing themselves. The
intercourse between Columbia and Charles
ton, by the state road, bus been much facili
tated, and great improvement in the naviga
tion of the rivers below their falls, lias be
realiz'd. The Rocky Mount Canal will
soon lie completed, which will open n com
muntculion to one of tbe best bodies of land
in the southern country. How far the. im
provement of this fine river will be extended
beyond our line, will depend upon the enter
prise of the cit zeus of North Carolina.'
Every motive will operate on them which can
urge nn interior, abounding in vegetable and
nineral wealth, to avail itself of the lionn
ties of nature, lo bring its products into
the commercial world. Slioultl York, Ches
ter and Lancaster, in this state—Mecklcn
burg, Lincoln nnd Ircdcl, in Norlh Carolina,
alone, semi through this channel their pro
duce to market, n full equivalent will soon be
'realized for the immense sums lavished on
this river. The difficulties which hnv- hith
erto obstructed the navigation of the Saluda,
may by proper attention, he obviated. This
river runs through an extensive body of fer
tile land. The miserable roads throngh
which its products nrc transported, ought to
stimulate both individual and public exertion
to change the mode of commercial inter
course from land to water carriage.”
N-. 34
270
nn
0*21
150
43
294
1 Hf»
!)4i5
108—20
1311
301-
20
227-2011058
373
140
332
334
94
449
175
317
364-50
245
519
247
378
421
427
750
314
430
514
511-20
838
408
453
G('»8
545
843
40!)
00(1
801
OOC
957
431
574
904
0!)G
097
48rt
012
830
r.H
054
8909
893 - 2010105
r,-i
753
31-20
—
007
701
20
01
12008
277
07!)
007
140
3!)
327 - 20
721
103—20
53—20
335
732
4030
l!l!l
144
449
1)48
150
221
150
470 - 20
—
205
2*25
1!) •
503
ll)«()
397
359
2u9
708
1 It
035
450
231
728
180
939
432
454
757
211
a
550
47(1.-20
700
208
990
S
024
Oil
823- 20
313-20
02!)
001
!2)2
325
031
f j(J()
445
5043-
too
(Mil
705—20
17021
521
245
093
87!)
149
014
247
709 -
8-03
222
718
219
823
953
275—20
7.40
300
891
285
711
312
949
13007
-155
83!!—20
397-
-20
972
410
002
87 J
443
429
II s
021
452
9072
444
925
4! 18
191
531
941
930 - 20
5"0
218
502
984 — 20
014
355
570
987
2 128- 20
072
478
575
130-80
713
495
033
18050
15(1
717
541
05!)
98-20
170
800
20
092
772
111
230
930
70(i
915
375
372
987
734
903
380
!187
834
440
413
0001
839
14077
450
589- 29
21
850
113
002
048
49
890
210
730
C>!)0
174
—
231
771-20
720
218
10047
231
810
798
259
-20
73
383
841
840-20
340
124
399
840
930
392
150
410
991
393
193
415
100G5
994
409
197
531
90
997
448
258
008 - 2!
131
—
498
2*9
050
321
3014-20
501
350
812
535
102
C01
392
803
539
105
042
403
881
552
109
925
031
973
501
143-20
942
708
580
198
944
783
15000
610
200
891
132
909
Spit
P
x hi* «i|t-uro rr.lglit imply tkfct th*T® 1
iilfttimtfi.r il>.th.
() W E LION A CAD F, M Y.—Thut the
tr'«-r, l<t».T*ttix nD<: t-Apt-iicni-rr.f Mr. H. In Ihe nrt uf
iD-tinz, i* inn \% •-!! ki'.own in our country in admit of cont-
'I li*> Hoard ol TriMor* flutter liirmM'lve* with tbesan-
i* ••xpociMtion. tlmt tlicircxfi'iinn* will, nt on former orca-
i'll- tc'.lif ntnfdy r.. . jn-nsnud Ly the free Hud Hbewl
••tr*xf•• of :t g--< t i t-tis pnltlir. -
r**ion of tin* School will open on the first Monday in
* perfectly accommodating Os in
J. W. WILSON, Secretary.
cj _?—!
[OTICE.—(Jit thullth day of January
I nest,« :il lie sold to l!io highest bidder, nt the late re«l-
“i Harris, dt-c'd, on Sbntdderbone, allth* perUb-
pri.j.crtv of so id der'd. to wit: Froht ICO to 500 head of ent-
•l nil drsrripiims, 1*1 mules, aud n consjd^rnhle number of
-, m«»«t of " hi* N i»re ef the first blood in this section of th»\
il;->, ii punt. I* of J. r ,0 Lend of sliren, seveml hundred Iifftd «•
.rvviMMiir.' nf rititmiiig hogs, nnd tbe remainder shunts, mum
!>tg.. 1 >H0 bniTeljof corn, about IDO Stacks of fodder, 25 ot*
•re, wheat, all hinds of jdatiln-
•*nnx, two ox cnits,au ele-
vsaRfOM wheels,not Ironed,
■' r arti-
ojd*. No properly tube delivered uutii the terms o/isi*
C r tthU'/alc ir.ttst come
Pi«*| need to give good n
Known on Ihe dny nf sale
\i the »• mic lime and |i
cr», will bo Irl fotlio highest bidder, for
. ... •^oioitih., n ».»lu;dde trnclof Imid,kuownns the .\ber-
cro »]?»*•> Tract, ndjninltuc lands of Samuel Turner. Marshall and
•.flu !■>. Also, n ton i Know it ns the Mill Trrtct, whereon Peter*
son II *rn> lon-t.*r!y lived. Kachof these tract* Is now in good
order for Mi ming. WM. I*. FORD, l
I Inn cork county, Dec 32 M. CJ. H All HIS, j or •
IVOTICE—On Friday the 22(1 nf January
w next, will be soli! at the Into residency of Stef-ben Too*
ley, ilcc’il. iii.In.n s rnttniy, nil the personal properly ol saiude-
censcd. Terms made known on the day.
dec IJ S AH All COOLEY, Adm*«.
EORGIA. In the Superior Court of
-"W Fnrly (Lninty, November T«-rm, 1820.
CO PI KM.
Recelvc.l of A. H. Ridley his small notes f
• II. i
cli of the Darien Itimk ia Mllledteville, t
(•going JUtof iiuidIh
tlRKKN II. JORDAN,
LKHOY M. WILEY.
d’'/'Person* hnldinc Prixe-will call nnd ri reive Ihe Ct
renew theirTfrkets.'r.he First Day’s Draw ing willbvcoocUidcdon
Hie -lilt December. The great popularity which the Lottery
joys having produced n input sale of tickets, (hose who yet v
a chance of the splendid Capitals of 1 of 50,000, 1 of 15,000, 2 of
10,000, 1 of 5000, 4 of 1000, 4ic. are ndvfrcd lo address their orders
immediately, to WYATT FOARD.
MiH.'dxevitlv, Dee \ \ Secretary to tho Commissioners.
3-V The fortunate holders of Ticket No.4J!W, which drew tbe
prize of .'.000, are inforined Unit the cash is ready for them.
ARVER.
Received of A. It. hitHey. through the hands of Jeremiah If.
\ opp, three thousand dollars.
dlh March. 1821V (Signed) fl. 11. TARVER.
OBORHI t, Pulaski county—Personally appeared, Archibald
IL Ilidlny, who being duly sworn, saitli lie was lately possessed
• t?bi«l receipts, hi* own right and property : that tBfo
same are stolen, lust, or so mislnid, that he rnnnot find them or
eltli. r of them, end tint the foregoing are coido^of said receipt*,
rus he can recollect. A. H. RIDLEY,
rntoandnibseribed before me till* Ifith day of October,
1A2J. D. CORNWALL, J. P.
Ii appearing to the Court, from the atlidnvit of Archibald I).
Ridley, that lie was lately possessed ofthe original receipts of
which the foregoing are copies, and thnt the same has been sto
len, lust, or mi mislaid, thnt lie cannot Ami them, or either of
them,anil behaving petitioned said court fur an order to estab
lish xnld copies tu lieu of said originals.
It ix therefore, on motion for rtaid'Arr.hibnld II. Ridlev. Ordered
That unless good and sufficient cause be shewn to this court, at
»e next term,ensuing hereof, why said copies should not be so
ilnhlislicd.tlinl the petition of said Archibald 11. Ridley be grnnt-
periur court, lids 17th November, 1329.
dec I2—ui3iii
JAMES HUSH, CIV.
COSNARD’S OFFICE.
A1ILLEDG EVJLLE.
DAM IVIKG~U<ECE/ VED.
D rawn Ntnub.-rs or the grand con-
SOLI DATED I.OTTERY, Class No Hi, viz.
-2—8—-‘24—‘27—12—10—30—39.
1-*' Holders ef Rrir.es nreinvited to call and receive the Cash,
>r tenew their Tickets, nt
II. COSNARD’S
Lottery Exchange Office.
Drew Yesterday,
THE VIRGINIA STATE LOTTERY,
For the benefit of the Richmond Dock Company, t Mass No 4.
HIGHEST PRIZE $15,000.
Tiikt» $5 -‘Shares in prnjtot tion.
(L /' Orders received at
II. COSNARD’S
decl2 Lottery (*y- Exchange, Office.
AN ELECTION will he field at
• < '°. u, ' , 'tb»use on Saturday the 2«l day ef January
, ***®' r h»ran luiendnnt nnd four Commissioners for
,he town of MUU*dgc 4 vllle for the year H 3'i.
persons having demnnds against the Coi poration are requested
;o present them without delay. It. IC. IIINF.S, lutendaiit.
r&flj OltGAN Slicrin* , 8 Sale Postponed—On
if A the first Tuesday in JANUARY next, will he sold at the
court lentv in the town of Madison, Morgan county, within the
usual hours of sale, the following property, to Wit:
Otic negro woman by the nnrncof Mariab,
levied on ns tin- property of Benjamin Brown to satisfy sundry &
fas In Invur of Cl,title* Smith, guardian, kc. ; levy made hy «
constable. REUBEN MANN, Sk'iT
At the same time and place,
20 negroes, llnchaul, Lydia, Siller, Nan-
cy, Peter, Bill, Harrison. Boston, Washington, Judith, Frank,
-Susan, Iten, Senley,Charily, Betty, Rachael, Willington, Jim unit
Christopher, all levied upon ax ihe property of Matt new Mitchell
to ‘tufriy a h f.t in flavor ol Edward Quinn It Co. vs Thomas R.
Mitchell, Adm’r. nnd Benjamin S.Ogletree, Adni'r. de bonis nou
.. . ... Ii fas *• Thomas
l property point-
-RKS,
At the same time and place,
Tbe lot in tbe town of Madison, with the
improvements tlmreon, whereon Win. Handy lived when In life,
adjoining the lot of Dr. Walker on one side, on the other side
hounded by the main street.levied upou «s the property,of said
William Handy luMttisfya n lu in Ihvor of William K. Joiner vp
Win. Ilamly and James Bandy, ex’ors. of Lewis Bandy, dec’d.
202 1 2 acres of land, tying in the 5th di*t
originally Baldwin now Morgan coiimy, niQoining lands of Alex
ander Elliott, Mr*. Few and others, better known as the place
tormerly bohiiiging to Henjnniin Williams, levied upon a* the pro-
uerty of Thomas Uruenc lo^aiisfy a fl fa In favor of Jas. White,
bearer.
One pine slab, 1 sword, I work stand, 2
decanters, I crewel, I glas . dish, I salt seller.I looking glass, 1 mi-
gur tiox, I bulk case coiiUtlniiir 2«t hooks, 12 tdiiaU, 2 tumblers, I
rolVe*- mill,5 vlmirs, 1 chest, 1 jmlr lire dogs, i thresbini machine,
and a bo saw cotton gin, levied upon as the property of Augustus
IliUsmun to batisfy u n fa in favor of Moss k OiUvpIL
MARTIN P. SPARKS, D. Sl.’ff
O N Wcdnesdny the 20lli January, will be
sold nt the late residence of John Dickson.dec’d. In Jones
county, ali the perishable property of said dec’d. consisting of «
(|uanmy of cotton, corn ami fodder, S horses, 2 mules, a Urge,
stock of r.title, bacon hogs R stock hogs, plantation tools, house-
hold and kitchen furniture, I waggon nnd gear, nnd many other
art icles too tedious to mention. Also the kind to be rented and 9
negroes hired on the same dny. Terms made know n on tbe day.
Sale to be continued from dny to tiny until all is sold.
THOMAS DICKSON, \ Wwtismm
dec9—* BENJAMIN DICKSON, { Blor1 ’
O N tbe first Tuesday in March next, wilt
l>e sold in Ncwnan, Coweta county, lot No 24J, In ihe Sth
distof said conniy. .Sold hy the benefit ol the heirs ol Champ
Terry, dec’d. by order of the Court of Ordinary of snid count*.
JOHN C. TERRY, Adm'r.
doc 9 JI’DITII TERRY, Adm’*.
imn; store,
Next Norlh of the State Until;, Milledgeville.
R ecently received nt the above estab
ment h large and very general assortment of
Drugs, Medical Preparations, and Family
ami Patent Medicines,
Warranted fresh, and of ihe best quality—Also,
Paints, Oils, Paint, Oil, Varnish b Draining Brush-
*5, DijC’ijtujfs, Svic.es fy Perfumery.
For stile ns above. 150 kegs of Paint in Oil, White Lead,Spanish
nrow n,Ochre, Extra Fine Verdigris, Putty by the < wl. Chloride
of Lime, Pot and Pearl Ash, Double (Refill.-d English Salt Pet re,
Copperas, kc.
Th* above articles were carefully selected and lnidinon the
best terms, nnd will be sold very low for CHshor bankable Paper
Physicians mid Country Denier* supplied at us lair prices a.
anywhere in the State.
Also foi salt,a selection of Standard
LAW AND MEDICAL BOOKS,
A latt-o cuilocticin of MISCELLANEOUS WORKS,
Books of Devotion,
Family k. Pocket Bibles, pin
ami gilt,
Hymn Hooks plain nnd fill
P ERSONS mtli btcd to the i-state of Tho-
nns Fulton, late of Twiggs county, dec’d. are requested
to make immediate payment, am. 1 those having demnndsagainst
snid estate will render them in properly authenticated within the
time prescribed bylaw.
E7. F.KIEL WIMBERLY, j
NIMROD W. LONG, \ mVOTi.
dec J SARAH FULTON, Ex’rx.
T O tbe Inferior court of 1’utnum county,
when sitting for ordinary purposes, application will bw
mad**, four mouth* alter date, for leave to sell the real estate ol
William Jemisnn, Lite of Alabama, dec’d. lying iu in the State ot
Georgia. THO. HARDEMAN, Adm’r.
dec 0.
»W> tiie Inferior court of Wilkinson coun-
B. ty, whensitting for ordinary purposes, application will
lie made, four months utter date, for leave to sell the personal
plain and embossed, tor Ln
dies work,
of Greek, Reeves’superfine Water Colors
, *’Hmel Hair. Fitch, **’ * *
and Slate Pencils,
rmiiienmt 1“
I vet Paints,
I Carmine mid Blue Saucer*,
School Books,
Writing Paper,
Cap, Demi, and Medium size . . .... .
Letter Paper, plain, gilt edg- j Visiting and Blank Cards,
ed and tinted, I tJunlcr’s Scales,
Note Paper, einbos>cd L tinted, j Dividers,
Drawing Paper, I M.itliematical Instrument*, in
Pith Paper, | Cases, Itc.Jtc.
Atlantic Souvenir for lIKlfl, nn*l other American nnd f.oitdoc An
nuals—Splendid Albums - \ collection of plain and colored Lo
ri livings, among wltk-h is the celebrated portrait of the Rev
A large stock ot lavlgei
S litSSOLUTION. Tbe co-jinrlnerakip
3L ” he retofore existing lietween the subscribers iu the nrac-
LADIES FAIR.
_ __ The Managers of the Lndic-s Fair ac'
fuumled upon the credit of the Gnveriunent knowlegc the receipt of the sum of $(i00, ns
and its revenues, might not be devised, which | the proceeds of the Fair, held by them on
would avoid all constitutional difficulties, ami, 1 tbe 1 st and 2d December instant. They take
tice uftlic law, was dis.solv cd
Their united attention will be given to the inili
their clients. Jl. »|. L. BUCHANAN.
Milhdgcvillc, Dec 12-21 Al.F’llo.Nso HM.AI’NAY.
in the |i
mil emv
hed bu«i:»essof
1 AW.—1 will continue the Practice ofthe
A 1 j»\v, and may be found at my office nn W llkinsou Street,
l nt my office
ALPIIONKO DELAUNAY.
the Inferior court of Newton county,
JL when Hitting for ordinary purpose*, application will be
made, four months alter dale, for leave to sell the real estate of
of Wm. Lane,late of Morgun county, dec’d
‘ ft 5—2t* ALLEN LANE, Adm’r*
f|10 the Inferior court of Putnam county,
JL when sitting for ordinary nurposes, application will be
:nmic,fiiur months after dnte, for leave to sell the negroes be
longing to tlict State of Dixon llall, late of said county, dec’d.
dec >ALLEN LAWRENCE, Adm’r.
S IX months after date, application will be
made to the Inferior court of Greene county, when sitting
" r "r letters of dismission from the exeeu-
ickson, dec’ll.
D. K. JACKSON. F.x'or.
S IX niontbs after dale application will lie
made t«» the Inferior court of Putnam county, when sluing
lor ordinary purposes, for letters dismistory from the adminis-
D AVID It. ADAMS, is « candidate for
Clerk of the Inferior court of Putnnm ’county, at tlieen-
SOUTHERN REVIEW. Contents of
” Nn. VIII. for NOV KAMI Ell, 132*.
I. Sismondi’s Political Economy.
*’ ’ ipes il’Econoitde Politique ou dej la Rtchesse
r J. C. L. Simunde de
Tar Alexandre de llbfff-
HOUSES AND LOTS
T O R «nt I lie ensuing yenr, two very com-! Memoirr* *
tortable Dwelling Houses. Also several valuable N K* Sainte I alnye
*’ * » « them so -- - 11 w **’
pply to
Nouvcaux Pi
dnns res Rapports aver in Popiila
Sismomli.
II. Culm.
1. F.'sni Politique sur l’llede Cub?
l«>i»lt.
2. Apcrcu Stntistiquci’.f I'llrde Cuba, precede de qocqules Let-
iron sur la llavane. I’ar B.liubir.
J. Annies de tHcnviai', Agricultutn, CcP*ercloy Artes. Por D.
Ramon dc Ih Sugru.
III. Hall’s Travels in North America.
Travels in North America, in the years 1827 and 1828. By Cap
tain Basil Hull, Ro>«l Navy.
IV. Novels—Devereux.
| Devereux. A Tale. lSy the Author of “PuUaani," and the
| “ Di*mvr.ed.”
V. Influence of Chivalry upon Literature.
Mir I’Anciennc Clu vulerie. Par M. de la Curne de
dec 12— w3t<>
A GREEAHI.E to the last will nnd testu-
ment o| William Lunsford, late of Taliaferro county, de
ceased, will be sold on the first Tuesday in February next, at the
court-house in Butts county, one lot of laml, in said couuty,
known hy lot No 199, in tbe .id dist originally Henry county, be
longing totlie estate of said dec’d.
Also will Ih* sold on the first Tuesday *n March next, nt the
court house in Henry county, agreeably to the lain will him! testa
ment of Wm Lunstbrd, dec’d. one lot of land, in said county,
known by lolNo 282, nitheItJlhdist ofsaidcounty, belonging totlie
estate of »ni<ldec’d. Sold for the benefit of the heirs and ere
ditors. Terms made known on the dny of sale.
I’ETER LUNSFORD.)
dec 12 WM. LUNSFORD. I r.'oiq.
VI. Sir Walter Knleigh.
2. Cohhelfs .
Sir Waiter Raleigh, Knt. at Winchester, for high treason.
VII. Classification of Plants.
Prodi otnus Hystcmails naturnlis Regtd Vcgetabilis.sive rmime-
rutlo contract a ordiuum, genet urn spcck-ruinque plaututuio hu-
cinque cognitnruin, juxta metliodica naturalis normas digest*.
Aclore Aug. Pyratr.o de Candolle.
VIII. Atine of Geierstcin,
Anna of Geierstrin ; or the Maiden of the Mist. By the Author
of •’ Waverly.”
AGENTS IN GEORGIA.
Savannah—YyUlium T. Williams, tor the State of GrorgltR
Augusta—ThoroasJ. Wray, II. Ely.
Minedgeville—Thomas F, Green.