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15\ 1 -V M.V2v & II AC, Is A W D, STATE&U. STATES PRINTERS
TinJUKDAY, FEUUUAUY 3, 1831.
VOLUME XXJI.—NO. 24.
THE GEORGIA JOURNAL
Minder af the year. ill till- earner ill Wayne
I’pald'l'i
MlVn linrium.. ilHCrtt
UT N. It. Bales of L
tiinnUnns, are required, by law, to be lirld on the fir>t Ti
tiny in the month, between the hours of ten in the forenoon ami
three in tl"» afternoon, at the conrt-hou-e of the rounty in \v It'.oli
day of the month, I* ’tween the itniul limioufi.il.>, at the plat.
,1 f tliis Stull-, anil ul tlie iluur ofllm court-1,ouse, l,ci ,• Mich ml.,
“n.iiIi-c mIo I.r Permnnl Property iml.t lie given In like
n> inner, KOIlTY day, to tin-.! iy „t
..HoVki'iuTv' liny/, nl ciednui. uian cute "nut he publlsli-
Nntiee lInti i. |>plienllnn will lie mmleln the for
I,-live to sell IONII, must In- tmlilishl-ll fur KOI It MONTHS.
retire iir ten, II NKtlltOES iim-i lie nulilitheil for
p-IHIIl'MON TIIS, ■ -
„1, the IHlire tif the tlKOIKU A .lOUIlNAL.
s #■
A DMIXIST GATORS, KXKCIJ-
HIKHIFK3 DKHDS. together with
TOIlS nn l :
l oi HI.AS KS.’ fo'UnJn
JOrilNAL OKKK*K.
WK nrt* authorised to
IV It. !M KIISIIO V,
sol Hie Cherokee Nationol
K«q. n* a candidate lor
of i it i»nine oil* the lands
unof Indians.
if tilt*
i the v. ,
-NOS. <>|, (»l, GO, 71, 8:5, !)>,
e niter .. f.ivo’i on the KJilors, hy in iting then
The AflinhiislralDr’s Manual
~ AND CM! UK’S (*UIDD,
^lOll SAIjK nt this Otlice, nt tho Ulork’s
O.'fiec oft lie Court ti
COTTON.
The Subscriber \v
COT ION (luriliK the se ts
the highest market |>tic<\ ^
NOTICE.
purchase
mid w ill pay
JUST RECEIVED BY
Fginil A UDS & GAN A IIL, lit it,,-;,- Roolt,
«"A'”>" Murks': ^, " let, A "'
*
T
I'nrket “do"
Wyeth V
CARRIAGE making.
MPUL Subscriber having nuiT.lmsetl the
Jfl Shop l.ilflv occupied by Wiilin,,i Fraley, ...gother with
aU H* \* m-;*MlV t i'i'ii 'l 1 Js curry mg mi the above -tusinesii in
KKI’AlltINO done ia n neat and wnrktnnnllUe manner and ut
,, ■ : ; - :
"i 1 "' 1 i.Jhii20—tn6m . ,, , qwLF.9.
Sylvan Hill t Hancock County, Georgia*
T JANUARY 10th, 13J0.
!! L exorcises of the School at this place
M,, t. v,T: , i , .Ti;'r;!N.' 1 •■*
Tin- iiili.,i‘l;irr. u lii. l, tills in.lltnllnn t-ffi-n tolli. frleml.n
‘•Ml,,.- render it Urn'tin o| lit* . i , n< mi nu ! Tl.f i air
wri'i'KS
A Uil ii.st- who I,live subscribed for tlio . P v.
j<^.. N ,;'K^;:^v:,\V:,/;.v:::;ri,U , v , :f,::‘'-.v,:::.';i:.o^.: Vt'YV.iV::: r,::
cf™i
Niagara Kails. OKANUK (JRKEN. i DKIMJ (J|STS are also notified that by an net nf the Lcgisln-
1WO 1’ICK. ’i’ll.* Sheriff, or his Deputy,
i. Nj will.illenilteoul.irlv.it their fltlicp, every Tue-utav and
rrid i.v. ^ Pet sons having hu;.ness in the SlicriliV Olid . , w ill at-
Milledgevllle, Jlnliiyln county, Jon 8ft
DOVKD OF lMlV^lCIANS.
A FFLM AN'l’S for liicenso are hereby
I 1 71. n-dified, that hy n
I e<I i y prr.r ut t > the !>< ..
' a Tin ■' m v.e.i • M- ,! .
\ i i the Ht> ,rd, they
M
All, \IUt.\NtJEMENT nml Post Of-
lire Regulations, .Tnnunrv 1st. 1831.
NOR I II KR N .M All..
Due every day at hall pn-l iloV!eck,r. M.
Closes every da v nl 7 ••‘eloek I*. .M.
SOI I'll KILN ,M Ml..
Due every d.iv at hall p t'l H o’clock, P. M.
Closes eveiydiv ut 7 «.’rh». k. I’. M.
TM.I.Ail \ SSKi: MAIL.
Due evety Wed u-ndny nt ti u'elnek, I*. M.
Closes every rhm».lay at in o’clock, A. M.
VI III.NS M \IL.
Duo every Thursday at II o’clock, A. I
Closes every Thin *.lay at lull pi»-l 11 c
MO\ | O KI.1.0 M ML.
Due every Wednesday at 7 P. ]
OM ’ ! ” ' * ' 1.0K | SVI I.I.K M m'L ’
Duo every Thai s lay at 12 o'clock, M.
Closes every lav nl half j .-l 11 o’c
SALK.M MAIL.
Duo evory Tlmr'da* at !» o eh>fk. A. M.
Ci„.c. ttv«rj Tliur-T,. m lin.r jra-t II ii'clrclt. A. »f.
Duo every Friday nt I o’clock, P. M.
Closes every Thursday nt hull past l2oVle- k,M.
H rTlio Dflice willbeooen every dnv (except ‘•unday) front 7
O’clock A.M to 7.. clock P. M. f.oiMlM March loth. M Novem-
», r . and fmin Sa'-lnck \. M to 7 oYI-.ck P. M. I.nu. l -l Noveiu-
to l«l M iroll. On Sumlny theOtlico w ill l»«> ", - i lai.nB to
jtn’rlo. k \.M.and ilvviltbek. pl open every i iglU. for hall an
Imar. after'the departure of the Northern and Southern Mails,
I i'v iu'im'''miu."' bUt '* ,c *. t r> ^ j o S' /.vs * i*'! ‘ * /11 Kiel);'!'. 1 m.
I ll s P. (JARMN, .M.
B rought m j n
the ‘/Till ult a bright n
.1 OK.and that he h-long* In .In
front Si.nth Car.dlna. > lid :i» i,
part cularinai k '1 heow iter <
iker countv,
i who «nt h Ids "tini
l.ee, id f loridn. lately
lol/reqSMlVaw/om
li. It- ACRF.R, Ult-tr.
GEOttGIA LKGISLATCKC.
LAFAYJi'TTE HALL,
MI LI.K l)tl K\ I I.I.K, (ico.
tiie Subscriber respect fully
inl'.iiiii- his CrK-ndt .ml I In- Pill llc, llmt tin-
tnbllilim.nl in. bwn tut, n b, him,» Tntv.
'‘T&s&P&iSMwr
I’.t;. Henllonion having lui<ines« in the « . . t.al I’aokoi 'I ion
.surv, will lind the Cashier ol the Central Hank and Treasurer at
Lafayette Hall. Jan8-<t
DARIEN MANSION HOUSE.
GEORGE STREET continues this
irtSTSistt:;' hiV'l‘abie"i!i!d''liar'nre ' \ve11
thankful lor past 'avots.nud hopes to hare «
ironn-n. jnn27—3t
NEW STORE
Of Earthen-Ware, China and Glass.
T ill', subscribers nrt: utnv npeiiinjf nt their
Slur,-, a f.-w ilooi'k li.lmv tin- Mcvrlmul,’ nml ]
• 2-J—1t
T WLORA Co.
'THE EABiY’H ISOOK.
Til IC JAMA It V NIMBICR—A NEW VOLUME.
S T mny lie jjrntifyiiijy to our friends, to ho
informed, that anedllionol two lltousand piinted niTnt the
sffttsirtKVMffis Si ."-I Slaws
to wlectevery < I in nl, for h i li nl ne v Itliout refer*
, ire i > > ip. ■ f insuring be It h cr« dll > I ti." work,
sa^s;;;^ K r
BONOITIONS.—Tills w ork is I.siu-il In number., on
-Z-;l ;/ D"-.:/'.',-;
stitched In * curt i ■ Every number will contnlna piece
lit Mu*ic, one Copper-plale IL -taviMC. and at le.t-l lour Wood
Cut,, illu-lrativi ol » on- >l tie c taienl-,aud every three months
o «• PI tie of t - Lett »l Fiuhlonf.
The Mil.- I iplion price i> Tbiee l».*llars per annum, payable in
, is , - el . > v. will he added dull >nl>-
•■ • I-• > >s I I -• i ' - «• I lie 1 work <li .roniinued to
III is" who neglect to fettle up theirarrenrs.
Orent attention will be observed in lorwardinc the w.tjkto
country subscribers, that they may receive it uninjured hy mud
11 Agents! n-c ivint subscriptions, nod . emitting the am
the publisher*, will he allowed riper rent, discount or a |
I innate teiiiiber ol cotue*of the wo
Po.tage imi*l he paid on all or.lct
i* satisfied, fr
lliei, tbere'fore, sol la 1 •> nwlihl request.
? n * , .»L lh
1 * 7 DailyChronicietHr.ee, I . ifadelphia.
li;
LAW.
MtUIS & HOLT are practisingLawin
•onnection. Tliev will attend the Courts ol the Western
' , '""n„^L"k, , :;!v,', l ;k." d
w.„™
Ai.riiKD n. holt.
AW.——The Subscribers have form-
> in the Practice of Law. and will »i
> til-d ot Ihe Klint Cnciiit, and alsothe Coiul-i ol Morgan, .
' v » Uu "’ ,i " inncu ' u " ,ull * n “' : ^L^D , ,::'si , MMs,
JOHN J. FLOYD.
Covington, Newton county, Jan 2*1—U
STOIjEN
yrtROM tlie Stalile of Prcslv- Pritclianl, of
■» ... i'i.eK.'"
SI’KECII OF MR. URAL
OK TWIU03.
Tlio resolutions from tlie sennte, on tlie subjeet of
the'J'nriti', Internal Improvement, unj Nullifica
tion, being under consideration, and immediate
ly utter Air. Me Donald concluded bis remarks,
Mr. DEALT,, of Twiggs, rose and addressed
tiie House as follows:
The feeble state of my health, joined with
other considerations, admonish me not to partici
pate in this discussion ; I would cheerfully oltey
their suggestions, under different circumstances,
but the necessity of my saying something in sup
port of the substitute 1 lmve offered, in lieu of the
original resolutions, is forced on inn bv the course
of remarks indulged in by the gentleman from
Jlibb, (Ma. McDonald.) That gentleman has
avowed sentiments unbecoming a representative
of any portion of the Southern people, (however
small) and which certainly can not correspond
with the sentiments of the people by whom lie
waselccted. In the discussion of the Tariff of
1828, (an act which has filled the whole Southern
country with resentment and dismay,) the gentle
man from Bibb avows openly, that it was a consti
tutional measure; that the adoption of the pro
tecting system has been of no serious disadvantage
to the .Southern interest, as our citizens were pros
pering under its operation. The gentleman ad
mitted, indeed, that the people had complained;
that they had denounced the Tariff ns a system of
usurpation and oppression. And whilst the people,
in one voice, are exclaiming, in petitions, remon
strances, and Complaints, against the most enor
mous oppression and diabolical burthens over en
dured by freemen, the gentleman from Bibb would
say to liiem, “ I’oucc ; all is well and prosperous.”
The gentleman says that the complaints of the peo
ple are founded upon imaginary grievances; that
ihe people would have been silent, contented & hap-
py, hut for the interference of our members in con
gress, who had made it a business tostirthem up to
murmuring-. & complaints against the Tariff This I
am willing to admit might bo true, as to the past.
The people nny have felt the oppression and bur
then of the Tariff, without knowing from whence
it proceeded, and they may now bo indebted to
their delegation in Congress for tlm knowledge,
that the oppression and burthen under which they
are laboring, is Jtho re. ult of that disastrous poli
cy, on the part of the Federal Government, which
brings destruction in its train, and in its consequen
ces dooms them to depcndance, beggary a ihI slave
ry. But would the gentleman insinuate that tlie
delegation of Georgia, in Congress, were dema
gogues, exciting their constituents to insurrection
and treasonable opposition to the Constitutional
laws of the land ?
The gentleman from Bibb, and other parly lea
ders with whom the gentleman acts, would do well
to take a lesson from the exurnplo of our delega
tion in Congress. The people of all parties would
then be more enlightenedthey would he kept
less in the dark in relation to their true interests.
But that is not the policy of the gentleman and his
associated party leaders. Their narrow bigotry
would not atford light to tlie people ; understand
ing how easy it is to mislead an ignorant and be
nighted multitude, they would draw a veil over
the eyes of the people, and retain them in u bond
of Egyptian darkness.”
Sir, the
coived, if
been prompted in their complaints by any person.
They needed no prompter, to complain : their
complaints could not have been stilled even
by any efforts of their own. VVliat less than groans
and agonizing complaints, could the dire inllietion
of the rod of despotism and oppression, produce
from the bosom of freemen ?
The injustice of this system, of which the people
complain, is not a mere theory. Its practical op
pression is felt every where. It is “ a canker worm
preyingupon tbo vitals of the community”, which will
in the end impoverish tlie whole southern country: |
There is no delusion in this; though the gentle
man has been deluded in the course he has pur
sued with regard to that oppressive system. It will
cost n mighty effort to escape it, or the gentleman
will fall the victim of a monstrous delusion, that
hits seized hold on him, and rendered him (as it
lias many other honest men in this Republic) tlie
dupe of stratagems & schemes devised by manufac
turers, whoso plan it is to mislead the understand
ings of those “ from whose pockets & purses they
enrich themselves.”
The discussion on these resolutions has convin
ced me, that they involve the characte r and int
estof the state, iar more deeply, than I at first sus
pected, without noticing the favorite objects,
ported to be accomplished, and which the authors
imagined were effectually veiled in mystery. There
is one object avowed w ith sufficient distinctness,
and of consequence enough to rouse every true
friend of Georgia and the South, to resistance :—
If is that Georgia shall abandon the doctrines she
has so long maintained, in defence of the rights of
the states against tlie usurpations of the Federal
Government.
Georgia, the first to signalize herself, by asser
ting the rights of the states, has to this moment,
waged a steady and uncompromising opposition to
federal encroachments. If Georgia is prepared
to yield passive submission to the strong till*’ of
usurpation, which is r> udy to swallow up the states
and consolidate them in one wide waste of despo
tism, let it he done at once ; there will be no re
lief in putting off the evil day until to-morrow.—
But what will be the price of her submission ?—
What inducements are held out to her to make this
surrender of her sovereignty and independence ?
There is no attempt to heguil** her with the delu
sion, that she will be more free, prosperous and
Imppv. No, sir; Georgia is called upon to make
an unconditional surrender of her rights ns a sove
reign and independent State ; to acknowledge her
Coloninl dependence, and submit patiently to the
burthens and exactions of her despotic oppressor::.
This call is made in the preamble to these resolu
tions, with “ a firm rchance oil the patriotic att uih-
m uit of tlie people to the union.”
In a moment when the people of Georgia arc
most clamorous in their complaints against the
usurpations of the federal government, they me
told in the language of tills preamble “that every
good citizen is bound by those inestimable patriot
ic ties of feeling, to rally round our .Ynlioiutl Go
vernment, which has reflected such lustre over our
political, moral and civil a^sociatidns, ns to elicit the
admiration of the world.” And are not the people
ol Georgia, therefore, called up m to Burrcnclor the
rights and independence of the State? Georgia
is called upon to bo recreant to Tiersclf, to her dour
est interests, to surrender her independence, and
rally around “ a splendid National Government.”
Are these the doctrines of a party in Georgia? of
a party who claim the majority in the other branch
of the Legislature ? Are t!i y willing to yield
their dearest rights ? i > sell the independence
of their Stales ? to purchase whnt, to acquire what,
Sir ? National renown ! National glory ! : —that
delusion which has betrayed so manv nations to
their ruin !
It is too obvious to be deified:—Wo are told
that the parties of “ Whig and Tory are the par
ties of nature”; that they exist in all countries;
They once existed in this country, and wore knd
by those names, but they wero succeeded by the
distinction of “ Republican and Federal Partic
Those names have also become extinct. The To
ry and Federal lenders have abandoned their
names t!trough shunto and mortifienti m. What
pity their principles were not changed with their
names! But we are vow all Republicans—Jeffer
sonian Republicans. Let us enquire int > Mr. Jef
ferson's opinion of tiie line of distinction which
divides the parties of the present day, and gentle
men will discover whether they are followers of
his faith. Those arc his words: “ The line of divis
ion 7ioiv is the preservation of SlY.c rights as reser
ved in (he Constitution, or ip strained const nations
of that instrument, to merge all into a consolidated
government. The 'Rories arc fur strengthening the
executive and general government, the // h igS cher
ish the Representative branch, and the rights reser
ved by the Stales, as the bulicurk against consolida
tion, which must immediate!if generate monarchy.”
This 1ms been the lcauing feature of‘distinc
tion between the parties in tlie State of Georgia,
since tlie year 18<J5, the era r if my political recol
lections. Tim same line of division is yet distinct
ly marked. The Resolutions which ha ve been sent
us from the Senate ; the support they received in
that body, and Mill receive here; is convincing
proof, that there is yet a party in this State, oppo
sed to the State-right party; that there is yet a
party in Georgia, willing {>' surrender tlio rights of
Georgia to the ulm* s of the Union.
I do not wish to speak in terms personally offen
sive to any gentleman ; and in speaking of parties
I wish to bo understood as alluding exclusively to
designing lenders, who make use of their follow
ere “ns tools for electioneering purposes.” And
this explanation 1 give to avoid any misapprehen
sion of tiiy intention in designating that party who
were willing to surrender the rights of Georgia, to
tlie abuses of the Union.
Sir, this party was once called by a name of pow
erful charm, but that name having lost its magic
eo nomine, tin y can do nothing ; it will not servo
their purposes longer os a party catch-word, and
they are now seeking to appropriate to themselves
the more popular name of the “ Union Party.”—
We have never denied to that parly, the credit for
“ much dexterity in management,” and the selection
this “ nnuie” \v
■mild not have boon among the
of this “ name
least of their nets of generalship, if, indeed it. had
been an original invention. Rut it, was not. It is
a borrowed name, and borrowed too from a very
suspicious source. Who arc the original proprie
tors of this name J
Those self-styled Union nu n inhabit a region
North of the Potomac, differing altogether from us
plain Georgians, in habits, manners, customs, and,
what is infinitely more important, in interest. Will
the “ Union party” in Georgia acknowledge an
alliance with the “Union Party” of New England?
I do not export an answer : party secrets are sa
cred ; it would be indelicate to penetrate them.
From one acknowledgement, I am willing to re
lieve them. 1 am very certain they never did con
sult their northern allies, on those resolutions. No
northern critic, f on certain, over passed them under
review. The wh *le credit of their production, I
have no doubt, belonged to tlie party here, to how
many, or to whom, it. was very difficult to determine,
as there wasc- ntrulictiou on that point among them-
But, sir, no matter hew : any claimants there nr y
he now for the honor of this production •, nutwith
standing the warm contention now made
authorship of these precious resolutions
opinion, that
of Georgia will understand, how to appreciate them
properly, when they recollect, that he was once be
fore, openly denounced as a traitor and disuniomst.
for daring, us their chief magistrate, to maintain
their rights, under the treaty of the Indian Springs.
The part which the • entleninu from Bibb acted in
that metnornhlo e-mil ot bet \vien the State and the
Administration of the GVnr: :1 Govenmitlit. is not
I’lvely to he f >rg *tteu very soon hy the people of
Georgia. Tho people will nlv.’a-, s know how to ap
preciate nny ch r -v which may como from that gen
tleman against Governor'Troup.
The gentleman from llibb. was never honored with
the confidence* of Governor Troup. 'The gentleman
did n <t. could not l:n »\v tin* man ho has denounced
as a traitor. “ wanting in faith to tho constitution. 1 *
None know him but the friends who sustained him.
in tho ** stormy passages of his life." They novor,
fi»r a moment, doubled the truth and sincerity of the
declaration, “ that lie was willing to lav down his
life to sustain the Union for a single day."
1 wisluto preserve the Union; not hy surrendering
the lights of the St.it* : . but by eradicating the abu
ses to which the Union has been made subservient.
'Tho bold-.-**, rhanipiou ; tho ablest, defender of the
rights of th" States, ho well liigh at one time fell a
martyr to their cause. But he triumphed; and who,
since the great civil revolution of ’08, lias done so
much as Truttp, in asserting the sovereignty of the
5*t J, tes, and refitting their prostration ? None; no
one. From that time "nil I'.gvptian darkness seem
ed to have fallen on the eyes of the people.” ft had
almost been forgotten that the States had any rights ;
n<> champion appeared in their defence; they ward
about {-I bo hv,allowed up in the golpli of Federal
l aurpation. But ere all was lost, a champion did
n Pi M ’ : ' r i he planted tlie standard of State Bights on
tin b 'Tilers of his nntivu Georgia ; unaided, unsup
ported. v. t’l ut one word of cheering or encourage
ment Irom abroad, lie achieved a great, a glorious, and
enduring vie'.* rv, for the good cause of liberty and
the Constitut on. Tho example of ’Troup, is a
light “ 1o marshal us tho way" 1o liberty and safety.
it is in vain for gentlemen to unit their “ politi-
cut venom ' at. Governor Troup, llis character is
nqt Within their power. 'Tlie friends of Governor
Troup may say of him as Mr Jefferson said of him-
•;eir; “ II ,s character is in the hands of hia fellow
citizens at l u ge, and will ho consigned to honor or
infamy, by the verdict of the republican mass of our
Country, according to what tbemselvt s will have
s ‘••ii. not whnt their enemies ami his sii ill have said.”
The gentleman from Bibb, (.Mr. McDokai.d.) has
also had the kindness to unveil to os the dark and
.inyst.qrb.ms allu.- mils, in this preamble, to events in an
adjoining State, “ which tend to disturb tho peace,
tranquilly nml continuance of the Union ?”
Tho guntleman Ins indicated South (landmans
the St<>te in which these portentous events hnvt
transpired. Why this attack upon Soutli-Garolina,)
(*‘ in every sense our sister ?”) Why this attempt I
to interrupt the friend ly und-reUmlin* existing be
tween Carolina and Georgia? Tlie mine in local
situation, in manners, luihits. customs, institutions,
and interests, they should differ in nothing. Unfor
tunately at one time a jealousy did spring up between
the two states, disgraceful to the character, and inju
rious to the inti rent of both parties. In that differ
ence, Georgia had much reason t » complain. Geor
gia was then engaged in nn agonizing contest for her
rights, against tlie usurpations of the general govern
ment. South Carolina was unwilling to peril any
interest of her own, by n magnuiin us interference
in our behalf. It is true it was asked ; but tlie result
Ins shewn, bow little we needed her aid. But now,
luso for jealously, envy and heartburnings, he-
n the Stales, should cense. They are no longer
rivals for honors and office. 'They cannot bo ene
mies; they iuuut be friends. Their common miafor-
their common sufferings, the.coiinnon oppres-
and tyranny, under which both States are groan-
must unite them in an indissoluble bond of in-
I and friendship. Georgia and Carolina mast be
The cause for which Carolina is now per
illing her all, and which is upheld and supported by
tale filed and patriotic' smis, is the cause
too of Georgia. If, in support of so glorious a cause,
she has transcendended the bounds of “a calcula
ting prudence,” who, in Georgia, but would par
don her ? Who would not “ he to her faults a little
blindAre not gentlemen content with denoun
cing our sister State themselves, but would they also
summons the whole body of the people of Georgia,
to come forward as the accusers of Caroli
charge of sowing tile seeds of disunion, and lighting
tin* torch of civil war ? »Sir. for in* , and my constitu
ents, I protest against it. Wo will not be made the
accusers of Carolina, whatever gentlemen believe
may have been her errors, her *• indiscreet zeal ;”
wo at ill believe the “spirit of liberty” has ulone uni-
mated her in tho contest.
I am done with this misorablo, dirty preamble. 1
shall now bestow soino brief notice on tiie long
string of r.:.LilulioriE, which follow it, and which gen
tlemen iroutil send forth to tho world, as tho declara
tion of Georgia’s sentiment *. In doing which, I
will again have occasion to allude to the “ position"
and “principles" of Smith Carolina, which have
been “ much misunderstood” and *• grossly misrep
resented."
The first of these resolutions, with the alteration
*>f one word, nml the striking out another, would eiii-
hraee the “ true faith" of the State right party. It
is in these words: “ Ilesotrcd. That the present
Federal Constitution is tin* bond of Union between
these United States. With a view therefore, to
make it permanent, and to avoid till cause pf dissen-
tion and complaint, it is essential that the National
(inremmmt. in tlie exercise of its powers, should,
without deviation, adhere to ti strict literal construc
tion of that instrument, and carefully avoid the as
sumption of any power not expressly surrendered
Now, strike out ibis odious word “ National,” and
ins rt *• Federaland strike out that senseless term
“ Literal,” and nothing could he made more perfect,
to suit the taste of the most squeamish stale-right po
litician. But have, not the authors of those resolu
tions, betrayed a tenfal ignorance of their own prin
ciples ? They claim for the General Govorinent an
unlimited supremacy over the State governments,
and deny totho States any check or control over the
conduct of tho general government ; yet in their
first resolution, declare “ t.lial l» make the federal
Constitution permanent, it i . :itial that the Na
tional G* • rnment. in tlie ex-. . *• *»f its functions,
should strictly adhere to a liter 1 construction o''
Hint iiutriK i nt, and carefully nv id the assumption
of any power not clenrlv given ? What, then, Sir r
Suppose tlie Federal Government, or the gentle
man's “National G >vor:i it,” does not “ adhere
to .a strict r ustruetio.i of t* • constitution," and
• . • rs i*>t »l -l* g it*Ml !-y that instrument
bout the j whnt, then, is the c ■ sequ* me? * Why, according to
itlon, the
(' institution is nn ! mg* r tlie bond of Union.*'—
gia should he regarded by tho General Government,
they, (the people of Georgia) therefore now, in the
most emphatic terms, danund its (the Tariff) modifi
cation and better adaptation to the interest of the
whole.”
Let us recollect this is the first moment, (accor
ding i<* these resolution*) when the interest and wish
es of Georgia, are entitled l » respect. This the first
occasion, when tlie voice of the people, exclaiming
against t j 'Tariff, should he heard ami regarded.—
Mow do gentlemen, in the first place, proposq to rid
thomsalves of this grievance? By petitions, by ro-
uionstrnnee, by complaint* ? No, sir; the gentle-
Hit'll would commence the operation, for redress, by
a most solemn “ demand in the most nnphutic terms ”
What will tin* gentlemen do next? Suppose their
“ demand" is disregarded, treated with contempt?—
What, next will they shexrV Why, in force obedience,
to he sure. 'This is “ Nullification” for vou, with a
vengeance ; it out nullifies the »ivlllfters of South-Car
olina themselves. The gentlemen are preparing,
have actually taken the first step, to Nullify a law ot
Congress, which they admit to be censtitiitinnal.—
But though the gentlemen find it a perfectly consti
tutional remedy, in Georgia, tv nullify n constitutional
law. yet, in South Carolina, it would be treason to
nullify an unconstitutional law.
Tills is tlie offence of tin* sovereign State of South
Carolina, for which she is lo be “ arraigned, tried, aud
cnndi:nvcd," by the sovereign Stilts of Georgia.—•
Before “sentence of Fxecution" is pronounced,
gentlemen should produce tho evidence of some
*’overt art.” We have all seen a great deal in the
news papers about nullification, about South t'arotina
Nullification, South Carolina Nall (tiers. Has any
gentleman here, so much disposed to condom Houtli
Carolina for her Nat tif ration doctrines, seen her draft
of Nullification? Many of her enemies had drawn
out the plan sin* intended to pursue. A Mr. Web
ster, of .Massachusetts, submitted a draft for her
consideration. But wliat did South Carolina say to
thi.i "Ajax 'Telamon” nf unlimited government?—
'I’M s. sir: “ Whenever South Carolina chooses to
Nullify, sho will not take Uorprojet from your draft."
'The gentleman from Bibb has treated this subject,
upon the assumption, that Carolina had already Nul
lified tlm Tariff, and armed lu:r court* mid juries with
tin* requisite power, to resist its operation within her
limits.
Well, sir, suppose slui lias ? Will the gentleman,
out of his abundant learning—his extensive research
into the principles of International law, inform us
from wliat author he is able to deduce the doctrine,
that n “ Sor$ reign State can commit either treason or
rebellion r” “ Or, (to use the language of a Carolini
an) that her cilizens, acting under her sovereign will,
can commit treason, in defending her ?" The gen
tleman must reduce Carolina to the condition of a
1 Brovince, A establish an unlimited supremacy for the
I General Government, before he can apply the doc-
trim* lie has contended for on this occasion.
But Smith Carolina ban not vet assumed this po
sition, in relation to the General Government: It is
true, as lias been mentioned in this del
proposition has already been made to call a conven
tion of the people of South Carolina; but will thnt
will bo abandoned tlirougli a conviction, on the part
of our oppressors, of the injustice of their measures.
It will prove u delusive hope, and involve them in a
security fatal to Umir rights and liberties. Yes, sir,
the time is near at hand, when tho South must do
something, eflWunlly to arrest tlie evil, or it will ore
long beoomo irremediable ; it will come home to ev
ery man’s bosom; it will be f
%*.j miuu ii.on be compelled to
other people would do, under like circv
. When that time does come
■ISASE
or tho rights of
very little what maybe any mnn’i
powers of the General G
tlio State. Wo shall all i
vntioii and safety. We sluUl all then, (whether mil-
litiors or nnti-imllifiers now.) consider it one off hose
in which Mr. Randolph thinks“the suggestions
of instinct are worth all the logic in the world." One
of those fow cases in which “our passions should in
struct our reason.” We shall all then agree with that
that the Southern States should look to
their own safety, whatever the inkvr the sheep shin is
made t«> say ; whatever Congress may decree.’*
May this crisis be averted forever ! Rut, may it
not come, sir .' do we not already behold its rapid ap
proach ; and who is there so buoyant i
to believe the thy may shortly’
Southern States must withdraw from the Vrri«JR,cost
wliat it may ?” It will come, it must come, if this
lust effort, by South Carolina, to arrest tho evil,
should prove as vain and
men have supposed in the gloom of their <
it in hope, ns not
ive, when “the
"The Indian Chief declared, that he ’
to war for a single injury, hut 1
his pouch, and when thnt got full, he would th
war.” Tho South will imitate this Indian forbear-
uuce. We will not oppose actual resistance to every
infraction of our rights ; we will continue to breast
with our brethren, and hear with them, under almost
every misfortune, rather than separate from them.—
We will not indulge, even a thought, of separation,
until the dreadful alternative is presented, “separa
tion or submission to n government of unlimited pow-
' When driven to thnt dread alternative, wo
11 not hesitate in the choice of evils We will
'or submit to be treated as slaves. We will not
bo the slaves of a government, which is described ot r
Mr. Jefferson ns claiming its powers “ bv forcing the
meaning of words, hunting idler possible construc
tions, and hanging inference o* inference,
Heaven to earth like
like Jacob’s ladder.’
r ,liU wanton and uujus-
lnims nntl I'norriat’s powers by i
ruction anil inference. 0
nml irill not In* endured limner tluiii while a
hope may he indulged. Hint it will return
to its original anil legitimate principles.
But there is a hope vet ; faint indeed and al
most groundless ; we will yet eling to it, and con
tinue to forbear, until the Inti hope of “ a rctur-
niiiR sense of justice toimr oppressors,” shall be
come desperate. Then, Bir, forbearance will cense
to he a virtue, and submission will he dishonorable;
and whenever thnt awful period shall arrive, whe
ther it will he in tlio day of the present or a future
penerntion, Georgia will he among the foremost of
tho Southern States, in determining measures for
their own preservation nml Halety.
' distressing topics,” tu>d wo
ccs have forced upon us tho
r'pret that circun,stances
nt this time nny allusion
agitating topics,
us to speak and to act, it
the greatest imp,
visahle to pursue ? On that question I have no
difficulty in forming an opinion. Georgia has here
tofore deliberately taken “ a position,” in relation
to certain powers assumed hy tho General Goveyn-
In tlio year 1828, tlio Legislature of Georgia
tained nn eloquent statement of her wrongs, and
All the forms w
tial to its authenticity, previous to its presentation
to ho deposited in'the archives of the I'nited
States Senate. It was engrossed upon parchment,
and perishable ns are the materials upon which that
instrument is inscribed, it may, like the record of
Carolina's wrongs, he destined to 44 outlast the lib
erties of this country.” It will outlast them: It
will endure when the liberties of our country are
swallowed up in despotism, if this system of op
en is continued with the same unrelenting
with which it has commenced and is progre*-
gentlemen who
ijwint'j This
all kn
But
not del
■If tho fed.-
i gentleman from Bibb, is egrcgimisly dc-
‘ ho believes the people of Georgia have
iv mostch’Hirous tonppr
the credit of originating these rosr
lions, will In* most anxious to av< id the re •; x >n.si I»: li-
tv of having either written or supi> »i t.* d them. Let
tho day of accountability arise ; when
of this house shall return hence and meet li
stituents face to face, to render r.n accoun
stewardship. Let the question he put: “ Who F: tte.wmd General G
among you are the .-.uthbrn of this dark » id in.fidi- th men have, by their fourth re: ,]
ous attack :” And v.w shall then k* *■ if there will General G .vcitmerH “with
t* not th" doctrine of the gentle-
lmt tie • have been betrayed hy
l!» .support of this doctrine.
del*'gaL- l to it hy tho con.-.lit
g to tho first resolution of the
titution," then, accor-
> be. the In
who can, with an op n, hold, and er, by r
honest countenance, answer and say, “ tv.'as I did
it."
If there were ouch iv.011, why did not the autlu r*
of this preamble come out nml t( !1 tlie people which
of their public servants were “ visionary and cor
rupt," whore “ expr •■■•• i * of opinion threatened
the peace, tranquillity and happiness of our beloved
country ?’’ They had not tlio hardihood to make
t;u*'li a charge distinctly against, any individual.—j right
They would not put it’on paper. Yet tlie gentle
man from Bibb, in reply to a demand made by the
gentleman from Baldwin, (Mr. Howard,) whilst
he disclaims any ngenev in bringing forward these
resolutions, has informed us that Governor Troup is
mlividuul understood to be alluded to, and reh-r-
I*. a letter written by thnt individual on a recent
, as evidence of the charge.
I have never seen that letter before this morning.
»lv friend Irom Baldwin, (Mr. How mu,) has <h-
fi-ndi'd tho doctrines of that latter, ably and conclu
sively. All that I will say in relation to it, is, that
it furnishes additional evidence of the patriotism and
ability of its distinguished author, who, whatever
■rentlemen inav think, will, in future time, he con
sidered one of the greatest benefactors of mankind.
The friends of th.vernor Troup arc not surprised
at the charges brought against him by the gentle,
man Irom Bibb, (Mr. McDonald ;) and t
fig til*' I
gentlemen, the <
>f union between
Now, air, the gen-
utiou, charged the
laumption of Row-
people to the pur-
Ht* received na an
tifiablo attack ? Tliei
in this House, nenr two months post; and the first
intelligence of a proposition to call a convention in
South Carolina,-was received here through this mor
ning's paper. But, wir, let the gentlemen have nil
the”benefit <»f the admission, that there is* uuw a
distinct proposition before the legislature of South
Carolina, to call a convention of h*:r people, the un
concealed and avowed object of which is to declare
unconstitutional, void a d inoperative, tho Tariff
acts (we will not agree to call it law) now in force
within her limits. Have gentlemen taken the troub
le to investigate the authorities upon whicdi Mouth*
Carolina relies for the exercise of this right ? I fenr
they have not ; else I think she would have escaped
much of the abuse and vituperation heaped upon
her, during this discussion. South Carolina claims
tlie right K. nail n Convention, from tlie plain prnvis-1 1,1 11,0 ' r f r ' “™
inns and obvious nature of the compact which unites . nL l.,pt ,4 il a pmlmt against the nr,
the States ; from the plain interpretation of the Con- j Dun of powers, by tho (.onoral
elitution itself ; not according to her own construe tho several grounds sot forth in that
tion of that intrument. hut relying upon tho author- was a solemn net oftlie State in her
ifi.-H nf Jefferson and Madison, nnnius rendered dear actor, made with tlio calmest deliberation,
to every member of the Republican family through
out Ihe I ninn.
[Mr. Ill a11. here rend p.rlrnrts from tho Kentucky
resolutions, written hy Mr. Jefferson, and Mr. Madi
son's celebrated preamble mid resolutions of 17!W,
in the Virginia Legislature.]
Now. sir. wliat is the question to be determined hy
South Carolina, before sho would he justified in in-
terposingto preserve the Constitution, and provide
for her own safety ? This, xir: “ lias there lice na
ilrllhenitr exercise of vomers, piil/mhhj mithhelil Ini the
Constitution!"' Dr, in other words, is the Tnriffac.t
now in force, 41 un umir/niHon f” Happily for South
Carolina, she is not compelled to rely alone upon her
oirn authority to prnve the Tariff nn 44 usurpation.”
The public sense of the whole South has denounced
it a gross, wanton, and palpable 44 usurpation." Vir
ginia, North Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi and
Georgia, 44 in all the authentic forms by which tin ir
public opinions can ho expressed, ' have declared it
an 4 ' usurpation." Influenced hy an affectionate ro-
spoct for the opinions aud wishes nf her sister Stales,
having tho same rights, and suffering the same
wrongs with herself, South Carolina lias hitherto
been patient, and 44 siillered much under tlie r.onti
deuce that time, ere ii would he too late, would prov
to their oppressors nl the hitter consequences i
which the usurpation would involve us all.” I
mon with her sister Stales, she has petitioned,
stratril arid rmn/tlninnl. These means have proved
ineffectual “to arrest the progress of the evil. '
The exercise of tho unconstitutional power has not
been surrendered by the General *
unconstitutional net is still in force.
Is she to stop here? Is she to submit at this point ?
Is (iaroMia a sovereign State, possessing rights witli-
Duttho means to maintain those rights?
sovereign and inalienable rights be invaded, and is
she powerless to repel the aggression ? Surely
She has not only the power, hut she is under a st
obligation *• tn protect her people from a
la t inn of the compact;” and being bound in
ernev to other States, it is her duly to employ
1 he means necessary to maintain within her own
limits, the nuthnritlrs, rights, .V liberties appertaining
to them all." In discharge of this sacred obligation
which Carolina owes to lie r own citizens, nml her sis
ter States, slip proposes in her highest sovereign ca
pacity, and in the 44 most solemn, deliberate and au-
thoriiative form." Io pronounce the Tariff’ art uncon
stitutional and void, and to absolve her citizens from
all obligation to it ; and this she conceives a constitu
tional and peaceable mode of redress.
Can gentlemen discover nny tiling in this procee
ding, tending to violence, bloodshed and disunion ?
Is this revolution ? Does Carolina employ her courts
of justice and her juries ns the intrumenta to effect
a 44 bloody revolution?” They have always been
consult red the guardians of the liberties of the peo
ple. It will make no revolution ; produce no change
■ alteration in the
ie fundamental principles of ti
may, when all other nieaintfail, 1
p Mt s of ! nnl Improvement.” The gentlemen
!i.tvo inv live 1 th ii '!v<‘k in n dilemma, from which
therein in r. ceding. 'They have called upon tho
people ” i i r lily uround a Government that lia» filled
. - 11me.i lustre on our p'd.Jic il, moral and civil n*so-
*•;: '.on*, as'lo elicit the admiration of the world j
which Government, in the next breath, they l«*ll the
people, Ins violated their constitution, usurped their
nd plundered their property ! Why did not
tlemen, with a patriot's -voice, call upon the peo
ple to rally round their constitution and save it from
violation ?
But, sir, these resolutions go farther to expose the
absurdity of their authors and supporters. It
seemed to he the leading object of all the preceding
resolutions, with the lust, to strangle in its birth “ the
monster” called “ Nullification.” Now, sir, the
gentlemen “condemn what they do not understand;”
and they shew they do not understand it, because
they have exposed themselves ns barefaced “ Nul-
lifiers.” In the conclusion of their second resolu
tion, they “ demand in the most emphatic terms,” tho
repeal hy Congress, of the Tariff act of 1888.—
Were the gentlemen aware of the extent to which they
were going? A party having the right to make u
demand, has the power to enforce obedience. “ ’The
time having at last arrived,” (never before) say them
when the interest and wishes of Goor
save this Union
, for ages yet to
Our interests are identical with Carolina’s; let us
“ not deny tin* right;" but if gentlemen doubt its in
expediency, let them say to Carolinn
remedy awhile longer—we have yet hopes of relief
from less hazardous modes of redress.” But it Car
olina is determined, fttonce, to pursue this remedy ;
if she I lieves the awful crisis has arrived, mention
ed hy Mr. Madison, and beholds in “ threatning exhi
bition a di liberate, rirn isr of powers, palpably withheld
by the Constitution;” if she has lost ull hopes of re
lief from a returning sense of justice in her oppres
sors, let her go on ; let no “ unhind rebukes,” from
hose having the same interest with herself, impede
ter in the contest, for a restoration of theirs and tmr
ong lost rights ; lot her not he discournged in her
efforts to resist the tide of usurpation, which is about
to swallow us up ; let her rally her patriotic sons to
the support of the glorioua cause of Liberty, and the
Constitution ; and let her not cense from the strug
gle, until the burthen of the protecting system is en
tirely thrown off, nml agriculture, commerce and ev
ery class of industry absolutely feed from the shack
les of unconstitutional and tyrannical legislation:—
she will lead the Way to liberty and safety. Georgia,
and the whole South must, in a short time, follow
devoted to a republican form of Gov
ernment; but no former Republic lias endured.—
Ours is now undergoing n fearful trial. The con
flicts which tire daily springing up between the
States and General Government, arising solely
that the result will be fatal to our liberties. The
States groaning under the most egregious on-
pression, plundered and borne down, can never sub
mit ; they must make resistance.
Georgia is among tlie oppressed and plundered
States of this confederacy ; .“he has taken her stand
with n fixed determination to maintain her rights.
Her protest of 1888 sets forth her wrongs and her
determination to redress them. !)<> gentlemen
wish Georgia to recede from the fitand she has ta
ken, in defence of her rights ? She must do so, if
she sends forth these ridiculous resolutions, as tlio
sentiments of her people to the world. But we do
not four it; let not Carolina believe it. Georgia
will never “ tiro tlio political lee gun, and strike
the flag of free trade and State Right*,” No, sir,
Georgia has done every thing which the wannest
attachment to the Union, which the most affection
ate respect for the opinions and wishes of her sis
ter stutes, could require her to do ; she has in for
mer days humbled herself ui the feet of the Gen
eral Government; she has petitioned ; she has re
monstrated in the most affectionate terms ; she has
entreated, that the oppression under which she
groaned might be removed. When tliut boon was
denied her, she has indeed ventured to complain.
What has been the result ? We have been told
that we are seditious, treasonable and rebellious,
for daring to complain of an oppression that i»
grinding iw into dust Is not tins Despotism 1—
Andean it be endured? Do gentlemen wish
Georgia again to resort to tlie measures of memor
ial ami remonstrance ? An well nt nnce yield up
tier rights mil submit patiently to the rod of her
oppressor. But Georgia will not. Her determin
ation is fixed; she will petition no more ; she
remonstrate no more ; she will complain no
But she will maintain tlie ground sho basso
crately taken ; she will act upon the dt
contained in her protest of 1828; and
and decisive measure she may I
Let not gentlemen trust too long to the
hope, that tlie presciTt unjust and oppressive system
NEW YORK CANAL TOLL!
incuts published ie the Albany Argus, it appear*
that the tolls collected on the New ' ° r Ji
during tin' last year, amount to !*
In 1829, 813,138 45
Increase in lRIO. *' 4u >' Ja 7l
jFAV8— To]rratioui—-T\\e Chamber nf Deputies
hm-e decided by 282 votes against ‘211, tliat the 1.W-
i.h rierav like tbe Roman Catholic Clergy and th.
iwSnew" should l.e salaried by the State
The riiarle.tim Courier says, thnt 44 n private let
ter from l’aris states, Hint the Methodists have, of alt
other religious denomination., gained the most by
the Revolution of July last. Availing
of the new freedom of worship, they
npela, with tlie
opened in Paris three Clin pel., 4
seription in French— 44 Protest
salary from she State ; ent-y gratia."
4 following in-
rship, with na
