Newspaper Page Text
' | federation fi>r wioh it wncsubitilute
Ihe extent of those powers and wliellier they bad I new the renjn of anarchy, and of pic nod private 1 of obedience to the government of the Unun
en exceeded.]
Mr. HIVES continued. It was more probable j
that the honorable Senator, amid th•* diversity
new doctriu
vinch bad been broached, had forgot* ‘•rroni 1
listr. su, wJu.ii attended tlint ill fatiyatem r
There wns another observation
f j colleague, founded, ns it seenis to
j [Mr. Tyler lie
ten all that lie bad said. The Senator from S>>utli
Carolina certainly did not contend that the people.-I
a State might resume the powers \tliich they had)
granted to the General Government, and in tb s. I
am sustained not only hv mv own recollection, hut
kindiie t
of
Hystain frn
and respect, I am compel!
dissent, lie adverted to the instr
the i M* gate*, of the Stntes in (..mv
le* of confederation," not
an id tlint he had not asserted that
fiy honorable I there was no auob thing ns a ciliaan of the United
in tli.» name States. II** hud asked, who had ever Been tt citizen
winch in nil ! of the ffnrcrnmr.nl of the United States ]
Mr Kivi s resumed. My honorable friend will per-
coive that this is but an evasion, a solution of
to express tny
ont giv^n
by the printed report of Ins remarks, which
have been very carefully prepared, uml I presume up
Under his own eve
[Mr. CALHOUN ngain explained. He had con*
tended that if n State should resume the powers
granted to the (iener * Government. such resump
tion would only he a breach of compact for which
the State, ns a community, would be responsible,
and not its citizens individually ]
Mr. RIVES replied If, Ml 1
milted that an attempt on the part « f a Slate, to re
auine the powers granted by it m d the other H it. s
to the General Government would be n breach of
abolish them
a proper guide in determining t! character and
Hut sir, it
urs t o me, that ho liir as the Iru in racier of the
itxtitiiIt -n is concerned, the imp y is not what
I delegates i u con venli
but what they actually did, and win
the Unite J Nt
sequent ratification
1 their
The liieinhc
of the
end
Stats to
compact, then it necessarily follows that no Mate
has a right, under the Constitutn • to make such re
sumption. In other words, no K te can linvearow-
stituhonol right inbreak the Cons’ .'.■//« >» In regard
to the effect of such an iinconstitnlo'ioil art of a
State, in referrence to ilia oldigai ms of its citizens
to the Union, I shall presently F \ that it cannot
ill any manner, disturb Ihe r•• Br action of the
General Government on indtvidu fs
But, before I do so, permit u to remark here
again upon that confoundinf of t .ings entirely dis
tinct in their natures, of wl|i<•!, v •• have had h > mil
ny examples in the course Inf uus (liM.i)** mn. I
could not bill observe the other 'lay. that the bon.
Senator from Kentucky Ir. lain, in developing
the principles of the Senator fr-un South ( arolin
had appealed to the Declaration
in supporl of die right o( a pe
■uine the powers granted t» the Gi-n *1 Govern
ment. Now, Sir, does not lIn* smirre IVoin which
the Honorable Senator derived this right lix its ti ue
character ns Iteing revoliiiionnrv, and m l coo*titu-
lutional. What, sir. u ;i« the Declaration ot Hide
pendence ? Was it not u derhirntion of nnternl
not of conventional rights -ol revolutionary, not ol
constitutional remedies, of remedies imt founded on
or consistent with the c* ntiim.iuce of the (nslitu-
lion, but springing into existence from suc.li u fun
damental violation of its gu iranti. e us t<. amount t •
a virtual dissolution of government ? Sir. I should
be the last man to deny or to impair that sacred
right ot resist inoa to oppn n, whioh is <
te.l by the Declaration of independence the liglit
of everv people, \\ henever their government sluill
prove destructive of these great ends f.■ r which all
government was instituted, *' to throw offsuch gov
ernment, ami to provide new guards l"r their future
security." lint Mr, this is not the gr un.l on which
South Carolina has placed herself Sim Hecks I"
throw off, not the governuienl,but the obligations it
imposes—to enjoy it* protection but to yield it no
obedience—to partieip i!e in nil its i.eneliis, but b. ar
no share of its burthen* Ami all tin- •< rontra.lic-
tionn ure to be reconciled by the tulismanic interpo
eition of Slate sovereignly
Now, sir, let u« see Flow thi* is to be done, 'i'h«•
Stgtktnenl of the gentleman ft m t utb Uarolina, i-.
tins, that as the citizen was originally bound to obe
dience to the General Government by the act of bis
Stale, m ils sovereign capacity, a like act of bis
State may release him from that obligation tlint if
the act of a Stale, absolving its citi/.t iih from obe
dience to a law of the United States should ho a
breach of the compact with the other States, it is
the Stato alone which is responsible, and that there
is, thenceforward, no rig hi on the part of the Gener
al Government, to execute the law hy acting on the
individual citizens of the Stale, Sir. this orgu uenl
is plainly founded on a total misconception of the
nature of our present political sy>tcm, and of the
characteristic differences between it and tin- arli
clesof confederation Urom tha moment of the
adoption of tlio present ronslituli.mi, a direct rela
tion is created between the Government of the Uni
ted States, and the citizen The authorities of the
Union no hmgpr ad through the Slates by requisi
tion, ns under the articles of confederation, hut di
rectly on persons and things by its own lairs Tin-
great object of the change of ay ale
tile government of the Union entirely independent
of liio iw-timi ol Stales, in the performance of ils
high constitutional functions. Tor tins purpose, it
was not only invested with the power ot making
laic*, but of executing them, l*v regular, judicial and
executive organs, and hy the physical force ot the
country also, if need be*; for it will not be forgot
\vu that, among the pn vet expressli vest d n Con
gress, is that of “ providing for calling for the inili
tla to execute t/m lairs of the Union.' To mark still
more unequivocally the iut -nti -n i the new Uon-
otitution to place the.government of ilia Union in
the exercise of its powers, above the control «d' in
dividual M.iIch, it is expreHsljr declared that tin*
11 Constitution and lire laws ol the United States,
which shall in* made hi pur.mauce thereof, A •* shall
be the supreme law of the land, ami thing in thr
Constitution or lairs of any State to t t contrary not
high C< miideralinUH BUgg led by the de-
y, may have
4heir inetruc-
ntly muc«
would not l*»
hmg depend-
min the con
i' ti. If they
l be exact III
mild be of no
h parting from
»y the people,
antecedent ir-
and thus re- the people of this onuntry are under any obligations
,-vise ; the difficulty. Who, sir, lias i
runted
the peaple of
by their sub-
f the enliven
■e as op-
ssessing I tut
withstanding
Now, sir, would ii"t all these clriranterislic fea
tures nf the new (’ mstitution I... utl-rly ell'., ed by
the doctrine of the gentleman f r „ m s .ml. Carolina,
and hIioiiM we not he brought hack by it at once,
to the fatal weakness and inefficiency d the articles
of confederation * \\ mild not the government be
superseded in its direct and authoritative, action on
individuals, Ilia vit .1 principle of tin
tutmn. would not it mere nquisi-
lions, iubisot at any time to be defeated or arrest d
at the Will of a State Would it not in eh irt, 1
every characteristic properly of gavrrnvunt, and
become a mere league, 8iich, sir, are the inevitable
•fleet Slid fatal tendency of the doctrines now
broached—to subvert by it fined roust/ucti.ius, the
present Conslitu:ion of the United Mate*., and to set
•ip again, in its place, the abandoned artu les of con
federation.
Do we not already, M- President, la ar the (’..n-
•Utution of tho l . Stales, in various quarters and in
the gravest m inner dsuomilltU d a
of alliance ami confederation It was u all great re
gret, sir, that I I. ard inv worthy and honorable col-
league, (Mr. Tyler.) the oilier * day, call it in ex
press terms a league, and inaint upon the close re
semblance and identity m many renpects, which he
supposed to exist between it, and tin* ai liel. s of con
federation. Sir, to me, tl
posit.* as light and darkne
federation were a true ho -uc, cniuit itutm;. a common
consultative body for all tlm States, but depending
•ntlreli on 11
State, for the execution of Us measures. Thu pres
• ui Constitution <
went, it Is true, r
States, and limit! d by (
s ill to tho extent of its granted
all the means and organs of efli
plelely as any other government under the nun.
Compare the two instruments, sir. nn.l their very
form admonis of ill radical differ-
ence. The one
by which 11 the States s verally entei into a firm
league of fiim I ship with each other The other
is a Constitution ord lined mid established by the
people of the United Mates." It is true, that you
will find in the articles of confederation an enum
eration of many of the powers which are vest, d b\
the present constitution in the Congress of the Uni
ted Mates. Hut sir, the great p .w.-r, the vital pow
er of carrying these povv. rs into etl'. et
wanting. The measures of the old (
addressed To the States, and depended fur their ef
fect on the action of the States It was t
pie of legislation for j» litieal commenilies, aU( | nol
for the individuals of which they composed, that
constituted the radical vice, and led to the total and
melanchnlly failure ot the articles of confederation
The great obiect of the mw constitution a is 1 coi
reel tost Altai defect, an l t icxten J the aut
the Union directly to the persons of individuals ~
The difference, in this respect alone, between the
two systems, makes a perfect contract running
through all their operations arid resultM
Gentlemen would do well to refresh their historic-
al recollections a little, on this subject. Have they
forgotten that iiielanclmlly picture «»f einburras:.
ment, humiliation and distress every where exhibi
ted in this country, in the interval between the close
of our revolutionary strugglo and the adoption ot
the present constitution, nil resulting from Hie fatal
inefticiency of the articles of confederation* Our
most sacred engagements with foreign nation.*, as
well as with our own citizens, unfulfilled—theirs
with us consequently unperformed—the requisi
tion* of Congress upon the Mat-* regarded “ as the
idle wind"—the nnn-cmnpha .• .me .State an
example for the relus.il ol another commerce par
alyzed for the want of unltoi
public and private extiiigiiitmed - .n.lustr y languish
log—every thing, in short, tending t.* anarchy end
confusion, anil in one part of the Uni in, the banner
of rebellion and defiance t . the laws openly unfurl-
ed ? f rom all these calamities and disasters, we
were happily rescu-d by the adoptijn i.f % our pres
ent constitution Would gentlemen, by cuiistruino
away all its vital energies, •• ii s w.n de const.' ,...,,T.
el vigor," to ose the expi tsi n of Mr J
•onverl it hack into theae iuvfficicnt article* of con-
ranged nml critical stall'
fell themselves justified
turns, and \ et their work, \\ hen Huhlq
tinned by the adoption of the peopj*
the ). hi legitimate and valid, l.vei
ed Upon the voice of the people, to
stitution was submitted for rntifi
should disapprove it, though it mi
pursiinnee of instrucliori*, the work
Hi'. H |f mi the other hand.tlioug
instructions, it should lie approved
that high approval would Id l out ul
regularities /
r ri»e true question always it, notwluit projec t of
n ( mv ..lion may have been origi illy emit,
ted hv this or that .State, or ‘
member of the (’oiivenlion
wmm in tually adopted hy the States! Die that f
stitution, tlif* people's CotiHli'ulikn, t^id Tmt the |
project of Luther .Martin, of Mr l’nl frson, • ' "f \
any other memher of the U *^n,wfiieh we have
sworn to support.
The true character ol that (‘onstilutlon depends
on the sense in wliiHi it was understood and aee.epl
ed hv the people of the Mut» «, at tin* time of its
adoption ; and that a.' iin.u* Mr. J. lierson ho l'.»r-
cihiy remarked in his letter to Mr. Gerry, on the.
>> use in v ! i h it uas explained and eidrocale.d hy ifs
fiends. It is i.~. Huh view, that the papers of the
Uedeiahsts are entitled to greater weight in fixing
the true construction of the Constitution than any
other commentary whatever ; lor it w is, in refer
ence t** the explanations given hy it of tin* new sys
tem of "overniiwnt proposed, that the public mind
throughout the United Mates formed its judgment
in the final adoption of the Constitution
Now, sir, in regard to this matter of instructions,
it was distinctly admitted by the writetsuf the I *‘d-
er .1st and other friends nf the Constitution that the
Convention had, in snnio respects, departed from
their instruct!' ns. Hut still the departure was more
in f.»rin limn Kiihstonce. Their authority, it is true
.viis “ t". re Vi • tin* m tides of Confederation and l>»
propose alterations and further provisions thi roin;’
Imt the purpo e of that ruvision was expressly de-1
dared to be to render “ the Keder.il Constitution a I-
.ooiftte to the - notaries if thr gorirnmnit and tlie\
prcsnreitinn of the Union. Then* were the great
Hijects to h.* kept constantly in view by tl.o Con-
ve’ntmn, and should never be lost sight of 1')' '•** in
our interpretations of their work. If to accomplish
these, objects, it was found necessary to propose an
entirely new system, the departure from the letter
ot the instructions in thin respect, was but a sacri
fice of form to substance—a preference ol the end
to the moans.
U;r, the great end of tho assembling of the Con
vention, lh .t which was called for hy tho universal
voice, was an efficient government—an institution
“ adequate to Um« exigencies of government and the.
presirration of the Union."
Sir, if it w er.i not for the great sensili venes* which
has be. II discovered of Into in regard to lli»* term
national, I might remind gentlemen that in the res-
.»lu!i' n <d tl. ‘ Old Congress under w hich the Con
vention wiu asnemilled, tho nbjeet* of its labors was
expressly stated to he the establishment of “ a firm
national government." I am very far, Mr. President.,
from Haying that the government actually establish
ed m a national one, in the senm which is now gen
erally attached to that term. Hut sir, \ cannot in
compliance with tho temper and lashion of the
limes, > far renounce the ideas and language which
render till lately, w«rouniversally familiar to tin* Ameri
can mind, us to say that this government has no na-
lional features. Sir. though federal in its basis and
principal relations, it does possess sumo national fea
tures, and tlioso of an important character. In tho
very relation involved ill this discussion, the opera-
lion of the government in the execution of its p i*»-
ers, it in national, not federal The fund uu^tal
distinction between a federal and national govern
ment, in this respect, is, that the former operates on
I the State , composing tho confederacy, in their p »-
| litical capo ities ; whilo tho tho latter operate* i-
| redly on the individual citizens. In tins respect,
j no one can deny that tho present govorninoftt ol tho
' 1 'niied Slaton is strictly national. In tho represen-
| latum of the people, in the other branch of the I
gi..hit ure. the government is also clearly nation.I ;
I whilo in the i 'presentation of the States in this
1 branch, and hi other important respect*, particular-
j ly the found l ion on which it stands of compact t
ver seen a citizen of
the gorcrnxncnt of Virginia y 'Fbere is no more a
citr/ i of the g or eminent of \ irginia than there u
a citizen of the government of the United States.
The relation of allegiance, sir, is not .between cit-
i7.cii and government—it is between citizen and
sovereign, it is the whole body of tho community
which is, will; us, the sovereign, and it is to that
* .v. reign that allegiance i* due. Now, sir, 1 hove
already shown that the United States, for certain
purposes, do form one great political community, in
v.!,;. h the. severeignty of the of the Union resides,
■ ust I* lh* sovereignty of ill* respective State* re-
Hide* iii the people of each Stale separately cnniid-
red. It is to the United Mates, then, in their
H"Ve reign character, and nol to the gurernmenC of the
I.’ruled States, thill allegiance is due. That there in
a direct relation of allegiance between the United
■ •ales and the citizens of this country, so Inr as the
j object* of the Union are concerned, is milllciently i
inoriilested, not only hy what is intrinsically irn-
I [died in the term “citizens of the United Slates, j
I which is frequentlg used in the cnn'tilution, hut by
the fact that tha constitution provld**fbr the pun-
I u-Ument of “ Treason against the Lailctl States,
T
nal*. Let Uiose armsbe appended, by General h**r~
trand. to the national column, and confided to the) ^
protection of the people of I’nris ; he who -•
them trout N«|ml«on with h;. I.t.l breath, c.iin-.l
betr.iv his wishes, I.v ilelivenntr them " lllJ
handa of onoiniee of w hatever country they may he
Let ua not demand mure at the present moment
When tbe exllo end dispersion of the family ol _____
Dole till exiel ought not this eddjbn t" rereivei =— ' ’ w ~ r —*
t-,i ,nl l i,"t its eummit be adorned witli xuoUP REPUBUCAN CANDIDATE l'OIl
What iffitUutM ump of t»«**y lite.' (lowpcr.
.initedgerltle, July 8 1. 1SS15J.
his st-Uue ' '1’lie nation will show itselt jnst, "
It shall have become itself by the destruction of the
treaties of 1 ri15, which maintain the anti-national
system imposed upon it hy a lew men wlm have
GOVERNOR.
JOEL CRAWFORD.
It was onr intontion to republish the essays o r
“ Richmond,” in full, but wo havu not boon able
ireieiisum ,„a. . , yot even to commenco them i and have now before
i Thei "only right, asthat’of'aliwiio are oppressed,con-| us much original matter lying over. Whether
' sists hi raising their voice against the oppressors j wo can reprint them or not, we are glad to know
formed a wrong opinion ol the public wishes,
to tlie family of Napoleon, whatever may be said
the contrary by crafty enemies, they have no oilier
pretension than that of serving their country
have not time, nor indeed the opportunity at
t° collate and compare the statistics of each
trict, but we observe that St. John Colleton „ m
an entire population of 10,04.1, and the district of
St. 1 homas, and St. Dennis with 3,055, have sick
three representatives. White population is n „t
the basis, i lie ratio of representation in South
oAv.'.T, la i '; on 'P ll " , "lml of population and o
c T ”0 extract a part of tbe constitution
of that State winch has been overlooked by tin.
rcdcrnl union; inviting: J v
to Ihe passage in italics, to shew that tho combi
nation scheme now before tho people of Georeia
upport (rom that quarter. 81
exclude them from their native country.
Accept, eteC.
JOSEPH NAPOLEON BOXOPARTE.’
tlint they have been already extensively circula
ted.
From the New York American.
K A NDOLPIIf a n a-—No. IV.
Mr. K»sr»oi.Pii wan ns singular in bis dresa whilst
in London as ho us*-d to be nt Washington ; and
whenever we walked the streets together the peopl
would turn about and st
mnnt ; but 111ih never seemed to otfend ollend him ;
the enntrory, if begot upen an interesting topic
We are much disposed to comply with the re
quest of “ One of tne people,” with whom how
ever we request the pleasure of a personal inter
view.
rogemer me p.ap.. W° ^r* ng l y , rccou,me 1 nd , t ' ,at la , r S C cll f’ wcl1
him Will, astonish-! conducted ttsolul paper, tho Ran. Road Joursal
to the patronage ol the people ot Georgia. A lib
eral portion of it is devoted to foreign intelligence
science and general literature, but on the highly
interesting and important subject indicated in its
_ . ?d to term title, the copiousness of its information is beyond
Hu* people of thin country to the United States, ns thorn, and then walk quietly on, without paying the }l |j ol | lCr papers, and ils influence is all lor good.
ih prepntially the breach of the allegiance y f conversation, ho would Homeiimes eto|;
matter how public, until he d-Ji,vered
his “extemporaneous lla*he»," ns I
broughj for tard !>•. any due to the Hovereign power ngninst which it is com- p| nCl . t „„ matter how public, w
hut vykml Const.i milt'd. Then* is then a dir**ctollegiunce due from of - j, ls •‘extemporaneous flash
ivureignty which, for special pnrposes, rejigs Allli
» Union. Wa tire '*» the mine tune, ciliz/»>«
citizens of the l oiled States, and to the extent
the mov
is the
our i**pactWu States nml as such owe allegiance, i
•*n U \ un own Bute, to the full extent the
sovereignty tv. .fi n g \n the States aeverally. 'l’o enHt
power we own ar..7riance, within the limits of their |
respective sovereigities*, to neither beyond. ^
But. hit, it Maid is Uiu allegiance and protection,ore
reciprocal nml that ns >ur protection in all the most
inlet i Ming relutionn ol fife is derived from onr res-
peeli ve Slates, to them >ur allegiance is exclusively
dm* It has been conterded that we derive no pro-
lection from the United Sates, except when we are
on the ocean or in foreig* countries, beyond the
limits of the Slat*-*. If tire were s *, still it would
be something that we are eflciently protected by the
strong arm of the Union, wiiere the Slatei are pow
erless to protect. But sir, is iitrue that w» receive
no protection from the. U riiled Stales, who 1 we re
main within 'lie limits of Ihe country ? In nut l!ie
United Slates on tho contrary, pretect us even
against tlie arbitrary and unjust leginlatiffi «)t our
oivn Slates, in declaring, as Ihe Uonstittion de
clares, tlint “ no ^taie shall pass any lull f attain
der, ex post facto law, or law impairing th oliliga-
ti'»n of cofilracls ?" Is it not the I nitsl States
which, throitgli the medium of the Judic’n power,
secures to tin an impartial administration *f justice
in nil controversies with citizens of ether t iles or |
I foreigners ? Is it not the United States agsn which
j secures to iih the privilege* and mirninities ol
citizens in the other Stales .- What p >w-ris it that
protects us in the enjoyment of our most nestima-
hlo political right*,—which gunrantees t> us the
blessings of a “ republican form of govertinent,"—
which tlefends us against the excesses of“ domes
tic violcnco" and faction,as well as the. fllamities
of liostile “ invasion ?" is it not this sam* despis
ed United Stales. *Sir, wherever wo are, a home or
abroad, on the bosom of the ocean or bv ho tran
quil fireside, whe ther danger threaten us imur civil,
political or international relations,the broai-T.gis of
tho Union is over us and covers us with is ample
protection. Let it not he Haiti, then, that ve derive
no protection from the United Mates, whidi might
merit some small return of allegiance. Sr, proud
as I am of the. title of citizen of Virginia, grateful
as 1 am for tin* unmerited favor which that honored
mother has shown to me, I yet feel with ill father
of tho country that “ the just pride of pal iotisrn is
exalted" hy the more comprehensive title if
of tho United States—that title which gi**
share in the common inheritance of glory which lift*
descended to ns from our revolutionary mjes, pat- ,
riots nml heroes—that title which enables me to j
claim the names of thu Rutledges, the I’ ucluieys
and the .Sumpter* of South Carolina, of t io Han-
cooks, the Adams’ and the Otis’ of Massachusetts,
and ill! the other proud names which have illustra
ted the annals of each and all of these States, as
“ compatriot with my awn."
Concluded in our next.
The Charleston and
least regard to tin* shrugs of tho passing strangers.
Ji it was his first visit to the metropolis, yeti
possessed a thorough knowledge of all the streets, I
lanes, alleys, Ac.; and when we had any great dis * was some time since on
tnnee to walk, he used to tako all the
by-lanes, &n. which 1 had supposed were
to a Londoner
One morning we set out together to pay a visit to
Miss Edgeworth, and he was t« ho tho guide. He
kegan to tell me sorno very interesting
' ihe House nf Representatives shall consi.t „r
one hundred and twenty-four members, to be minor
honed amonir the several election districts of tl
stale, according to the number of while inhabitan t
contained, and the amount of all taxes raised tori
legislature, whether direct or indirect, or nf ukn,..
species, paid in each." J vnatettr
Having sent forward these^ight squadrons ol
light troops, with what fate tho reader has seen
our neighbors ot tho Federal Union lead up their
main heavy armed phalanx—Old Virginia ' Th
it seems is very properly their principal reliance’
being a constitution recently, not made, but amend'
ed t amended too, by a Southern Stnte, and a slave
holding State. It is therefore precisely i n point
and as its influence must bo nil powerful it was’
good tact to reserve it for tbe last. This therefore
deserves a little more attention, more especially as
tho Editors esprossiy tell us that the number of
delegates are assigned to eaclt county “without
any reference to tho slaves which it may contain ”
j Wo ask the reader’s attention to n low facts '
Hamburg Rail Road Stock Pocahontas county lias a,y'g- white inhabitant,
i'ered as low we believe as j and sends one member; Chesterfield with n wl f r
sh"rt"cuts thro'i (30 per cent,- being 40 per cent below par. Within i population of 7,709, semis otto member I oiran
;ru only known a few days says the Ocogia Courier, it has sold at has 3,511; Nicholas 3,‘TJ!); Tyler 3,1)91 • each
105. ! send one member. Louisa has Ci,4G8 •.
and I listened without
efrBets we were trnver
hum’s walking, I ju«t at
we had to go ; ho sudd
und him, exclaimed,
lying any attention to th
. ATHENS RAID ROAD.—We sec it eluted
1 .'.' r ' 1 .V'Vi?.!I editorially m the lant Augusta Chronicle, that, | member nml no more,
“tbe Athens people are full of this entorprize, and
iir. At length, after an, ,, • , . ,, ... •
,l Iiow much farther <’[h ^"»rtcr or no charter.” Wo
bee
very agreeably
guim nlmut a mile out of «'
exercino in good for young
retraced our steps ; but
Edgeworth’s lodgings
lv stopped, and looking
Why, really, sir. we have
.loved, I perceive we have
ur iv ; hut no matter.
.Ve immediately
arrived at Miss
had ll»' 1 misfortune to find
nly two hours before for Ire-
mgeroiH,” said Randolph;
lo re ve t-.'rd.iv, agreeably to
that she had left town
land ! “ Delay* are
“ we should have com
my intention."
After spending .f»nr weeks very delightfully in
London, 1 wa* obli r,*rl l • return lo Ireland, and part
ed with much regret from Mi Rand ph, whom I
did not again nee nntil'niv return I" A 'ii.Tie.i in I ' - l
I arrived here from Europe m May, 1-TL during
the Long Island Races, but w is n» t templed to at
tend them, even hy t ie great attraction of Eclipse
and Henry> who were then to contend for the grand
priz". 1 was glad to find M r. Randolph in town, and
tailed upon him at Mrs. Bradish s lie gave me
glad
to learn that such is the tone of feeling oil this very
interesting subject. There is an union of capital
and talent and enterprise in that quarter that we
hope is to radiate throughout the country. By
there being a committee appointed ** to memorial
ize the legislature” wo infer that they will of course
apply for a charter. It will be granted. And the
best interests of tbe country require that it should
bo liberal—so liberal as to make it decidedly a prof
itable stock. Indeed we see no other wav at pres
ent of arousing and sustaining the feeble enter
prise of the people nf this state. We heartily
commend lh ; enlarged and devoted liberality of the
Conner, an *hfgnstu paper in wishing it success,
and promising to “ second its interest with all their
, each*
_ . If ^ _ 0,408; Orange-
llunover Southampton 0,570 white
inhabitants; and each of them arc intitlcd to one-
member and no more. Is this apportionment
“ without any reference to slaves” or in other
words, according to white population? Thorn
does indeed seem to bo some little difference on \
nice calculation between 3,2‘JB and 0,408; and be
tween 2,297 and 7,709. But perhaps these dis
proportions between the counties were unavoida
ble. Let us tnke then, the four division* into
which the Constitution lays out the State, nml see
if thu same ratio of white population prevails in
each of these divisions; for here was an opportu
nity of exact uniformity if they had intended it.
1. The tide water counties. These contain
105,285 white inhabitants, and send 36 delegates,
0l * f 1 for every 4,591
2. The 29 counties between
Tide water and Blue Ridge.—
These contain 211,354 white in-
energy.” Wo know that capital thus invested habitants, and send 42 delegates
1!* ” .1V U llltr D j . ’
most amusing description of the Race U-mrso, bill t:r 0
contended that the race would have been won by I
Heurv, had he riot bourn frightened bv the immense]
crowd, who rather encroached upon the ground.— j
Not being a sportsman, I was unable to defend
“ Eclipse," which I thought of very litll
quetice, inasmuch as he h
must he profitable, and if every stockholder was
to imho a fortune every fortune so made would be
a public benefit in the encouragement it would ot
hers.
nthe race — pretty!
his favor! After
when the crowd
inaimiox.
The Constitutions of oilier Stales.
In a lute number of the Federal Union are ex
tracts from the Constitutions of no less than nine
ot th" States, on the representation subject. This
formidable array is of course marshalled forth in
ful rider, Uurdv.] support of tho white-basis-project, got up by tho
tpressed grt at |
enL to i
FOREIGN.
good “ priina tacit* evulei
tho termination of this gr
wero loudly applauding t
Mr. Randolph, who had j
confidence in “ Henry." / .ve vent to his disappoint
ment by exclaiming l » 12i** •• nt!n around him—
“ It is u lucky thing that tin* President of the United
States in not elected hy acclamation, otherwise Mr
Tardy would be our next Pres dent beyond a doubt!"
He spent a night with Ruins King nt Jamaica,
nml on his return to town the next morning ho said
to me—“ Ah, sir, only f«»r that unfortunate vote on
the Missouri question, lie is the man of mv choice —
the genuine English geritleni.ui of tho old school—
just the right man, s.r, for these degenerate times—
but Missouri has destroyed his chance for ever!”
In tho spring of I received a letter from him
requesting me to engage passage f..r himself and his
faithful man John on board the Liverpool packet of
/6th May. lie reached town the day before the ves
sel sailed, and I had a busy day with him At night
I told him that I would call upon him the next morn
ing at half past 9 o’clock, A I begged of him to have' population in 1800 was 105,602; black, but 13,584!
all Ihh luggage, Arc. hi readiness to ho taken down 1 And she has now only 142,382 slaves among a to
rn the steamboat, which wouid »t»rt for theshippre- till population of 684,822! What wo have suid of
o Convention; f‘«»r it must have that object if it
has any. We owe an apology to our readers and
to the gentlemen of the Federal Union, for not
having attended to it sooner; but being from homo
wo had not at baud the few books to which it was
necessary to refer.
We cannot see why Missouri should bo pressed
into this service. It lies north of the line of com
promise, and its position renders it distinctly a
nortliurn Stato on this question audit must ever] 3,7^ whucsfsond'inriGdel
remain such. ' °
So of Kentucky. Tho Constitution of that
1 for every 5,032
3. The 14 counties betwerr the
Blue Ridge and Allegany. Here
we find 134,108 of white popula
tion, who send 25 delegates or l for every 5,36-1
1. The 26 counties west of the
Allegany : these have of white
population 183,500, und send 31
delegates, or 1 for every 5920
No two are alike or near alike. The lowest ra
tio of whites being in the Eastern division, where
the proportion of slaves is largest, and rising grad
ually so ms to require more whites wcstwnrdly as
slaves diminish in number. Throwing out tho odd
numbers we sec the ratio rises ns wo go went, in
the progressive proportion of 45, 50, 53, 59.
It we tako the two grand divisions of the Mate
they furnish ratios of whites different lrom all the
others and different from one another.
East of the Blue ridge there are 376,6:19 whites
! sending 78 delegates, or 1 del. for 4,854 peo.
The western half contains
ogntes, or
Tho delegate
1 del. for 5,671 pno..
till representing most whites
the last census the whole population is 688,844 of!
J, which 165,350 only are slaves. Tho Constitution j
. j of Tennessee wna Btill earlier (1796.) Her white
» tin* Staten and tho limited extent of it* power*
for special purposes, it is decidedly I'edoiul. But,
sir, on this tuhjeri 1 will only refer gentlemen t" a
well known number ol the Federalist, [the 3 Uh]
written hy Mr. Madison, where they will find
thorough analysis "t the government ill all its u
(ions, and where it is clearly shown tlint it is neith
er wholly federal nor wholly national, but a compo
sition of both. Sir, no Construction of tho Con.-ai
tution can he a sound one, or lend to results jiut ir
theory • r safe in practice which does not keej
steadily in view this mixed character of the gov
eminent and look .is well lo its national aa lo ila fed
eral features.
1 have been led, Mr. President, into this digr. s
nion on the geneial character of rnir present p' lilic
al svstem as distinguished from tin* article* of <-"ii
federation, to u Inch it is said to hear ho close an af
finite, because 1 do firmly believe that if the doc
trines now contended for shall prevail, as complete
a subvention of our existing institutions will liav*
been cfeetc>l practically, as if the Comtitution ol
the United States were formally abolished, and the I l >ro «
artides of confederation again established ! Is imt
the distinguishing feature, the vital principle of the
present Constitution, the power, which it vests in
ill** government of executing its laws by a direct a
lion mi individuals But it is contended that tin*
government of the Union may, at any time be su
perseded in this direct action on individuals lor the
purpose of executing its laws, by the interposition
of a State declaring a law of the United States In lie
null and void. If tl. si c so, is it not obvious, that
the government of the Union is, at once, reduced
o on the authorities of the
»i performance ol its Uonsli-
to tlint de
idtnl Mutes, in tin
lal functions, which it was n*
object of the present Constitute
[orimuly the
i tu avoid a i,d
That the interp mtion of a State acting in her
sovereign capacity through a convention of the peo
ple, as in the case of South Carolina, is of no more
avail to arrest the « xecutmn nf the laws of the Uni
ted States, than an interposition in her ordinary no-
litical capiu iiy. is apparent from the language of
that clause of the constitution which asserts the fu
premacy of the constitution and laws of the United
Mates, “ any thing m tho constitution of laws of
any Stale to tin* contrary notwithstanding." The
constitution of a State is ill ways tho net ot a State in
holly | her highest sovereign capacity ; and if it can oppose
were , no obstacle to the I uvs of the Union, us is here de-
dared, it fidlnWH tlint neither the sovereign, nor the
legislative interposition of a State is gntlieient, un
der the constitution, to defeat
States.
If any thing farther were wanting to s |,
the interposition of a State, cannot, under the
stitu ion, abio
the l
TUB K i:v.
The account* from Constantinople of April 23,
represent tin* negotiations between the Porte and
Ibrahim Pacha at* likely to produce no favorable re
sult but to be speedily broken off. Indcid one letter
of that date in a Havre paper of the ITtli May, de
clares that tin* deliberation* have been brought loan
abrupt conclusion.
Ibrahim, it is stated demanded imperiously tho
cession of Adana and Tamm, and threatened not
!l I only not to retire from Kiutnia, but even to advance.
' (Iii the other hand, the Sultan supported hy thu Rus-
n i sum troops which were constantly arriving, had de
termined to make no concessions, so that hoetdities
might be anticipated ere long.
RUSSIA.
i \ letter from IVtershurgh of April 25th, says that
Gen. Ot loti'has been ordered to proceed to Constan-
; tinnple to take command of tin* Russian land and
i se a troops there, amf has In en accredited nlso ns ex
traordinary ambassador. Hence it has been natiir-
i ally concluded that the war will be continued. All
1 tin* numerous disposable regiments were coiinentra-
. ted on the Turkish boundaries. Prince Paskewitch
I has prepared a plan of military oper.1tiof.s against
Ibrahim. 11 is stated that time will probably be
j gamed by acting on the defensive, and drawing over
, certain Asiatic Armenians and Greekw, until an ar
my shall he formed hy the Sultan. The unimpeded
f Ibrahim is attributed to his father’s using
imilar intrigues. The Emperor of Russia, it was
rumored, would make a foreign journey in June.
HOLLA N I).
The negotiations continued, hut .M. Cede! show
ed no disposition Jo effect a settlement. The Duke
• •f Orleans is said to have become convinced at
London that tin* Dutch had no disposition t * com-
p'y with the wishes of Belgium, m this respect.—
lie was to return to Paris on the 23d or 21th May.—
Lord Durham was nt Oslend, t<> hold a conference
witli Leopold. Nothing new in Belgium.
S4V1TZEU L A N I).
Austria lias placed troops nu tho Tyrol to watch
tin* Swiss.
’I’ln* Due lies de Berri, it is confidently stated, is to
transported to Palermo, and that a ship was pre
cisely at 10 o’clock
N.'xt morning I accordingly culled . n him at Dun
kor'a, expaotlng to find him In perfnal reading..
but wlial wa» iny astonishment upon entering his
room, to see him in Iris dressimr gown, vvritin■- a let-1 c i i .. V
ter, will a lar-e l.ible open beii.re him, and J.’hn on I ' Por B" , { who _!! P f. nM |. k , S
the floor most busily engaged unpacking a trunk ! i 5,1,3 number* -i/,D0 black* t
What in the world is the matter, Mr. Randnlph 1 —"“*
thn era nml circumstances ol the other constitu
lions would apply with greater force to these two
] lust, if they wore slave States; hut what compari
son is there between their sprinkling nf slaves, and
last United State’s cen
to her 21*!l,0!.7 whites!
nearly equal! But we must quote tho 3d Article
behove it, sir, I have forgotten the exact words ol
quotation lrom the Bible, which I must use; and as
you know 1 always quote correctly, 1 cannot trn on
till I find it. I never was at fault before. " U’lnt
begins, ‘ Dow lutve 1 loved thee, oh Jacob’—hut fr
the life of me I cannot remember the other words
finish the rest of the letter." " .My dear iir," replied
i, " you cannot wait to do this ; hut let us take let
ter, Bible and all nil board the boat, where you will
. v • ; 111 ' ■ '• . '''lio tho white popu-j w || Cr e there arc fewest slaves. And this the Feder-
n mn t as </, >lo, and the slaves bet 43.314. ByJ a | Union says is nn apportionment “ without ai^
reference toslavcs”!
But why fatigue ourselves and tiro the reader.’
with calculations to sitow what is so notorious as
tho adjustment by genera! compromise between
tho conllicting interests of various parts of that
State. Wo all know that the East, tho Lower
Middle, the Upper Middle, and the West, had
eacli their favorite interests that were argued and
contested through a session of more titan three
months. It. was found impossible to square thorn
to any certain rule ; hut bv common consent, they
at last compromi * I, hy allowing to each interest
what was considered on the whole to he its fair
and proper weight. It would now he impossible,
ns it probably was then, so to analyze the whole,
as to shew the agency and weight which oaclt in
terest had in the final result. The slave interest
however seems to shew itself the plainest, in the
striking fact of the gradual and almost regular in
crease nf the white ratio ns slaves proportionally
diminish from the seaboard to the extreme West.
Wo claim the Virginia case as all our own. If
the example of old Virginia can influence tka
good people of-tlenrgkt, they will put down this
attempted usurpation of n nominal minority, who
have dared to outrage even public decency, by on
acknowledged coalition to do those things which
they were not sent to do, and ought not to liavo
done; and to leave undone those things which they
wore most solemnly enjoined to do.
exclaimed I. “ Do you know it is almost It) o’clock I of tho Constitution of Tennessee, to show that tho
and ami the steamboat never waits a minute for any basis there settled vs not tho free white basis in
person ?" "(cannot help it. Kir,", replied lie ; “ I support of which it is adduced by tho Federal
am all confused this morning ; I am just writing a Union. It will bo seen that no person is qualified
farewell letter to rny constituents, nml would pan to vote there unless he is n freeholder. So that
the Convention project has not that State to sup
port it.
§1. Every freeman, of the age of twenty-one
the quotation," 1 asked; "perhaps I can assist years and upwards, possessing afrcchuld in the enun-
timu is precious." "Why," said he, " it tp wherein he map rate, and being an inhabitant of
‘ - - this stale, ami every freeman being an inhabitant of
any one county in the state six months immediately
re, yon take the Bible nud look over it, whilst I preceding the .lay of election, shall he entitled t
vote for
county
Tito Constitutions of Louisiana, Mississippi and
mhers of the general assembly fur the
which lie shall reside.
have ample time to complete your quotation before; Alabama, which arc most to their purpose, would
we reach the ship. I o thu lie agreed ;Uter some have weighed something il they hod not been
hesitation; and then he suddenly aaid, " Well, sir, made under tho mflitotvoo of times nud circuity
i I will not lake John with me.aml vu must get bark
! his p.lssigc money !” “ .Nut lake J,,hn with you !"
t i exclaimed ; " why, this is folly : only recollect
I how mud) you suffered last vnvage for waul of him!”, . .- . . , , ,
I have decided : the ouesliuu is it') 1 ngeropcir to on >’ existing interests that had grown tip and
to discussion. John has disobliged nu—Ik. Ins he prospered as ours liavo, during thirty five-yonrs.—
come sp filed by ymirfree blacks, amt 1 don’t want! There was therefore ill these cases, no rush, high
Then turning to poor Imntied invasion of privnto right and public safety.
stances so widely different from tho present.—
Each of them being tho first Constitution known
to tho history of the State; no violence was done
Mission il) till*
in<r iiiiy |> ir-
ivliich lei! to
clauses of
ui tlie Em
paring to laUe her.
FRANCK.
'Flirt departmental la«v was under tl
Clumber of lYer^ but without produc
tioular interest This is the subject i
tin* Revolution of July.
The Tribune states that, by one of tl
the Convention between the Sultan i
\iorer of Russia, the latter agrees to furnish a
of auxi tliary troops to the Forte for five veai
It is .-aid that the Government has already order
ed three ships to he prepared for conveying and es
corting the Dutches of Berry to the coast ol Italy
Fount Hector de Loochesi Falli, smile years ujro,
was Envoy at the Brazil*, whence he returned nt t ie
1 the l mted time when Don Fedio was expelled, lie was after-
| wards attached to the Embassy in Spain, and there
that {Taint'd tho confidence of (Ineen Cliristinn, sister to
con- j tlie Duchess of Berry The favor shown him by
, ;it s ■*. \ e the citizen trom h;s ■ Mirations to , tliiff Princess, gave umbrage l" the Apostolic party.
• n, conclusive pront is turnished by the re-I and the .Burster,Calomarde, found means It* have
t the amendment proposed in the conven- Count Hector moved to another Eolation. It wa
M> Luther Martin, which was brought to about that time he was sent to Holland. He wa
by the
the view of the Senate, a tew days sii
8< i. itor from Delaware [M
Mr. Marlin, with the express view, as he tell ,
of securing the citizens of the respective Stales
n^aniht the eilects "t tlwtr respougihility tu ihe Unit
ed Slat *, w iero ii ence to tht authority "t
their own State, they should oppose l
l moil, buhniilled a proposition in
words, as an amendment to the aitirle in the cousli-
luliou ctmc.ermng treason . “ provided that no act
or acts tl-.lie by one or more ot the Males against
the United States, or by any citizen of any one of
the United States under the authority of any onr or
more of tin
punished «!*
rejected, ;n
Mr. Man.n
preserv
over tii
and eHi
id Stn
icl.^V
the
r"p ‘sition, Sir, was
m from the fact by
it was intended to
I the Union
m lull force
njomed by a
utliorilv
St lie's
hatever might bt
State lo the contrary.
But, nui'.iq; the new constitutional theories to
which the controversies of the times have given
birth, jt seems tu tu* now gravely contended that
.here is iio such tiling a atiicn of the United
States—th it it is only us citizens of a particular State,
and in virtue of their nlle;;ioocv tu that State, that
performing 111* official duties nt thu Hague, while
Clayton.] I his wife was wandering about I,a Vendee, and yen
terday n letter from the Hague, signed hy him ontli
20th August, 1 **32, was handed about amongst the
A mhassadors.
The British Vice Consul al Tripoli, embarked
\s ot the j few days ago, nt Cnlain. to return lo London. It
following j said that the English Government intends to send
some aruo d vessels to tbot Regency.— Temps
We announced some time ago the opinion
ieiil Counsel, that the arms ot Napoleon, bequeathed
by him lo his son, and reserved in trust, to he de
livered to him at a period fixed hy tlie ex-Emperor,
became by the death of Duke da Reichstudt, the
property of France. This opinion has since been
confirmed by the adhesion of numerous members of
(lie bar, all of whom agreed that the Archduchesi
Maria Louisa could have no claims to them vvliate
ver. The question which remained undecided
seem to be now at rest, in conformity to the Coun
sel’s opinion, by the follow mg letter, addressed hy
th«* eldest brother of the late Emperor to the gentle
men who signed tho opinion : —
4> London, April 28, 1833
Gentlemen —Your opinion on the arms of the
Emperor Napoleon appear to me decisions which
cannot be invalidated by the public or by the tnbu
to have to take care of him.'
John, who was much distres;
list ot instructions as to his j.
and when he had just coucli;
a sarcastic manner, “ Now
my commands—but you neot
you get to Fhiludelphia
Society, mid they will i
look utter you ! ’ This
who replied in much ajj
is ton hard—-you know i
you find me at Enauolci
•tl, he
hi.!
y bank to Virgin if]
eluded, he s.iid to him in
.v John, you have heard
eel not obey them. When
call on the Manumission
he you fre r % nml I shall n t
.is too much (or poor John,
‘linn—“ M later John, this
l.»ve you—and you know
iheu you coma buck!”
long In tlie second place, nil these constitutions were
Well, Mr. Em-
I thought you
hive punished
.’itliout hurting
• fell.)
I really felt indignant, nnd said —
(lolp'o, l cou111 I1"I have believed thi
had more compassion. Mirely you
him en nigh by leaving him behind
his feelings; you have made the |
“ W hat !" saitl lie quickly, “ does
“ Yes," replied I, •• I saw them mv
go with me. John take down your hagg i •
the end ol this curious scene. John inslandy l
ened up—forgot his master’s anger, and in ;i
time we bid them both good bye.
When they returned, from England in ihe full
II.
made before 1821, tlie date of tlie Missouri crisis
Louisiana in 1812. Mississippi in 1817, nnd Ala
bama in 18J9. They had not then seen that hand
writing on tho wall that speaks the destiny of the
slave interests of the South—t.ay,the creation of
a wall itself that fences out this Southern interest
from all the future States, except a little patch or
corner remaining here nnd there, enough for a
j state or two Smith of tho 36 1-2 degree of lati
tude; leaving to onr adversaries nil the two or
three nnd twenty States north of that boundary.
They had not seen as we now see, ull the moral
i'dements East, West, North, in America and in
Europe, in motion for emancipation. Think you
■ \ reader that if these States had their Constitutions
[' \ now to make they would forget the Federal basis?
Think you, that if they were about to amend them
)rt m some other particular, they would madly and
' | gratuitously let go that foot hold in these slippery
I' times ?
ciII.mI up. I ii I: ii ii d i >i |ili. mill mv fir-i Nortli Carolina wo admit to lie strictly a South-
“ Well, sir, dill you r..jrr,.t my advice about lakini: or . n tt ! M * a holding State, nnd Ims in her enn-
Julin " Regret it, sir;” replied lie, • I shniild! stiluiion no vcsligo of the Federal basis. The
li« m ve fi my lii’e three , Federal Union in, therefore, entillod to the full
own j be;.-lit of the precedent; and what is it. Every
!! al county in tho State, whatever may be its popnla-
lion, sends two members, and some named towns,
, _.. ., , , vvit ‘ l one member each to the House of Representatives.
ce of the earth e»‘ I'a.lamf and it "iV'mVerTv “>' th ° I8 , :i0 ll >0 population of ffi.tcoln
silile that there can b« any nation ofeir'. 11:',’"" 1 ?, ,gd,(af.i; Jones .i,(j38; AV like ‘,>0,10*4
.ariccs hcrcattcr to make Buch another country v rr<?ll 4,319; Mecklenburg 20,076; Jlaywooc
John
hove died without hi
times!" “ Then," said J, “ I hope, to
figure of speech, next time you will
half-cock." 1 then nskt-d him how h
with England during this visit, lie a
enthusiasm—“ There never was 6iicli
the f
impossi
cumstance
as (fid England
lie then gave
and lo!d me that he had
to his promise, and
and people, but h1i
sery
Pie
_ . . llayivood
1,593, &. so on. .Some of tho counties contain even
a rapid sketch of Id. journey, ■ loss than the smallest we have named, but ull ol them
ane to Ireland agreeably J are entitled to their two members each. Indeed
^-aiefi will) the country Chowan, with n population nf O.fWri, sends three
kefi at witiiesiine so much mi.| members, incluifinj; the one from the town of
; . . . . - • iir MlUblo, IIII.IUUII.R lllrj ui
Allufimn Io the oppressions lintli nf the C.nv Edcnton. It has long’ been nn obiect much d-si-
ernnient and Church, ho said, " T ie I,ion and the .. „i . i „ , . . J 11 " u ” sl
’ ’ " nu Ule i rod there, to arrest tins monstrous state of repre-
. uumuz/.ie me ox so " tal . ion > " r rather of misrepresentation, which
He also s ud that lie int * ec, ‘ 18 almost ai bud as tlie Convention would
make ours; but there, like here, the small coun
ties hold on to their overgrown power with an ob-
mplinirnt tu a states- stiunto tenacity, that the democracy of the coun
try has not yet been able to throw olT. This
North Carolina case is very much in point for the
combination project. We admit it to be apposite
Jncknll have divided tlie spoils between III
but if I bad my way, 1 would 1 unnnm/le tlie ox
which treudeth out the cor
thought the Marquis of Wellesley must bo an nil
partial man, because he received tlie violent alius
of both parties—“ no sma
man, sir, ill the present stale of Ireland
During thn President’s visit at Philadcphia,
hale buxom young widow greeted him with a hear- to illustrate the beauties of such a state of things
ty shake ot both hands, at the same exclaiming—| its they would wish us to assume.
" My dear General, I nm delighted to see you; I As to South Carolina, our neighbors make cx-
linve walked six miles this morning to enjoy this; tracts from the 2d and 3d articles of tho Constttu-
rtiro felicity. Io which the President replied, tion of that State, which shew merely that the
wlth an an of dignified gallantry “ Madame 1 re-; several districts are allowed a specified number of
gret that I hod not known your wishes
earlier, 1 members each ; lea\ ing it to be inferred we supposo
wood certainly have n'alkcd halt wav to meet you.” that this apportionment is made according to white
7 J r»ti.Icn r : Journal. population, »« proposed to be done here. We
T23 K HIS«I«.\A I£ S US.
W'o have in tho last Federal Union the corres
pondence which was announced the week before,
between certain gentlemen of the North and the
Governor, respecting the Missionaries. Certain
individuals in thn .State of New York wrote it
scorns to Governor Lumpkin, in December last,
requesting him to discharge tlie Missionaries, la
his answer, of tho 5th of January, he declines do
ing so, and gives his reasons. Now all the object
attempted by tho publication of these letters is to
excuse theslischargc of these Missionaries at ons
time by his not having done it at another. W he-
tlicr this is all hi3 correspondence with individuals
on this subject, or just so much as Ins Excellency
and the Editors of the Federal Union have on con
sultation, thought it host to publish, wo of course
cannot know. What appears wo take to be all, ur
tho best that can he said in beliult of the Govern
or, for his conduct in this unfortunate nfl’air. ” e
would publish the whole if our columns were not
preoccupied, &. will do so hereafter if we can 1 for
tlicso,privnto letters arc now inudc history, & *'
form tho most curious page in the history ol tins or
we believe nt any other Stato. The first unwelcome
fact that presents itself here, is, that there is no
attempted disproof; indeed no denial of the tacts
charged on tho Governor hy the Missionaries, so
that their letter must now ho taken as true. It 13
true then, that they had the " promise of an un
conditional release,” if they would but desist from
attempting to force it. It is true that they “were
often nnd cnnieslli/ solicited by persons in the con
fidence ot the Governor to desist from the l’ ros ?j
cution, and assured that if they did so, they shorn
nol long remain in prison.” ft is true, that th*
Governor commenced the courtship “ so long ago
os August last.” It is also true, that two members
of Congress, in the Governor’s confidence, “having
conversed with him on the subject, and knowing
his views earnestly solicited these same Missiona
ries to recall their notice of their application to t
Supremo Court; assuring them not indeed o -
ciaily, but with every imaginable solemnity slior
of it, that if they would but'withdraw their sui ,
they “ should be discharged without any c01lC ^ s
siiii or condition, or even an application to t
Governor,” and that this should be done betor
mriiy weeks. . .
I’liis, and much more, asserted and set form 7
tliise Rev. gentlemen is now forced on the con
viition of the country as truths equally unuoubl
aid unwelcome. And can it bo true, that G 00 .
gil, proud high spirited Georgia, the Pioneer i
tie practical vindication of State rights, lias et
initially begging, ineffectually too ! the in " ll< ’J .
o Mr. Wirt with his clients.' Why the torrihed
ucliin could liurdly deprecate the uplulc
nore earnestly ; thn culprit slave tied and
whipped, could hardly beg more abjectly, tn # " ,
tie puissant State of'Georgia, at tho footstool
t&se priests of sedition. “ Do withdraw yo
ijii Messrs. Missionaries ; good Mr. Wore ’