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1C*Ft rri%» Ihr «rt«».n ,
i’ihU r Tuli, !*1y.
\i. #•».. II
it mg
l> IM*
M.li.tlg. xdw*. \
/Y.', tfcr .Vs.ifr
tidJ Urmr of Ueprfa v’ itrr « ; —
S .< irAW. n« tin-rule*««tf th.*| ph.t •
pa*- .• 1 * \>>r IIh ir goxernniriil, it i an sppmgri it*
tiff Ml
i tic
. T tli •
Tin
! H* |M
”kn’>* h"lg”
*b .S »v.t« ign Ruler and L -m« r.Mii um
•tn i t.» i'\ tint 11• • u ni h.» gnil tli- |»u »ii • u i
ns t • • IIm* liiippine*** nl tin* g .v mi
I i a int in.• xxuli ”*tnbli-h -I u |
•»i \- y«*u an loeount «*t t 1 \
•» Mil-nil fix tb<* K%i«*.uti\” Depart mi nt (
i ■ |• i t \ ir, hi ti« -''iiarging its various dutn -
• mii n i! i tii ; L ‘gisialuiv tli.* in > i,
. ji >.!••» x»b.<!i • xjMTi nci ..r n tl. .tim
".** H • »• iIimiUu*'! In advance the noh
• u of tin* State, mnl.T tli«* rom mini <>|
. wit i tvi'ic < tupl'iyd it tin tun* • x air
> i in pr it”<*ling t||i* in]i iliitantH «• I 111<
li m ling Fi nidi. succo' I< -I I in t!i«*irroii.
'n uni courage in driving tin Indians
t, :■ iti>»k <■ Swamp, mi 1 t)i.-iratli. r last,
i i ll .‘tuulU that tin* endanger' <1 pari
1'itry Iris rrnri.io ilin riii its . ut miii ”.
i p;m *d nt y nr hut • *i m to pr »\ ah* 1 ir
•ut el llu* imlilia xvlt > wi iv called into the
t-I.■ State ihni 14 tin* year 1s3m, to r«* 1 m■ I
» it* im ni >:i of tin* I 1 linn-. from Florida, li is h«*« n
« uricd i.it 1 «*x viiii * 1 fix this I) p irtm 11!, as fullx
•n possible. Tin* appropriation of fifty iIimisuiuI
dillurs pr..v • I insiRfiu.nt f•» satisfy ail tin* claims
arising under it. Two companion *\[ L <xviid< s'
« miii! \ remain unpaid, and tin* urcnuuu lor tin sup.
I h*s furnish. I all tin 1 companies who um* in si 1.
in* in tli.it county. Tin* n*p'»rt ol < ■ »l. King, tin*
• 'oinini».*i nitr appointed under the art, will slmw
in* inumr r in which the appropriation has Ihvji
• spend *1, and the probable uiuouiit of its deli. |
1 u*ncy.
1 regret to inform tin* legislature that tin* D* .
/• irtnnnt has failed in its efforts to pr.icure from tin*
1 nitelSmtes (iovirniinut the repay nnnt of tin* filly |
lo'isand dollars w hich has been thus udxanc'd h\
I State, or tin* sum which is xd dm* to the minim!
•r tin ir services and expenditures. Win n the up-!
, iiMtion was first nmde to the Secretary of War, to
, iy tin* militia, the answer •received was, that tin ;
•.tri tivc terms of the law .then in force, making
ipropriati mis for tin* siijipr..*ssio 1 of Indian h » till, j
t did not iidinit of tin* pevineiit of su *!i troops, j
II that tin* authority for tint purpose 11111-1 hi
u ..*» rtnitiiuo it,
I *r m eiiruio
\S. I 1
upon It . I.
lion lias I. ■ n
pnitun
tic
• til It terillUi
d ill l*N tin
n*| r
\- t
.1
"> I”'
Kim.
I"*l 11
Im! I
t ill -r l:iM, 11:1
I |ir..|H
1, In
l«.
I\ III
<1..Il lr . I l| tlii. •
t\ tli iiih tli-l ‘! 11 1;
1 trill II I
1.1.iu I iiii.li-r tli. »
I*:. 1.11 li-. ■ .. I‘ li|. ivi. 1
■lilai
l.l loll.)
ll..-
»y tin null; or |ik<il|(i of t ,.
I.f I-:i7 uml I -..I-. I. ,vmg
1 !.*: ..f l\\ . Im: ..11.. I ai,.I I j li V II1.11
Im- 1.1 la. . :tia -l.iii ami nlli r |h-i
1 1111•!- * ni, lit ol tlii- .' hi 11111 -i an 1
, w I,at | r,
Tin payment of t'lisl.a.-
has hceoon- do I In* eon
< t *toh.*r, o 1 ;ht t 1 h-• pr<
tin* Legislatin'”.
*rin* iiliuual r. port of t n* if
• •r- to tin L. eislatin . w ill slio
State for stock so! I in. n
pledue of stock, and f .r into,
e nne dm- upon those sums. The refit einlinrrus
in.*ut in the money market of this count r> and K
rop”, and tin* low price to which State spiel;s h.av, . •
fdlen, rend”r it impos-ihle lor the State to raise'u
I pi i\:l< *»e anted hy la law | a* • d ;it n »ar last
1 M«. t • .11 !. I lli/* .1. of t I S to . -t hlr.il
! I* . s. T.hs I. 11 ; i-I' 1 tiinate f .r tin* eountiN.as
, 1 it 1 • \”iy 1 1 lain, tint if any hanks had jj.iin; into
1 j o; 1 ration nud.-r tiiat law , im-N woull oniv have in.
. j cri ased tin'cloraii^eineiit of tin* eurrenev and mo.
on I« mhanafuiiicnts ; and Iht iiim i< ei\es to tin*
L -'I 1 atm•* an op*i irtunity of rep alino tin* luw, b<*.
aeipiired under it. \s It
of the eon,.hy is in hank notes, its pro.
d lor miiiik di.iteI\ hy j per n ^illation is of .so mee!i import; uee to every
I individual and tin* public, tint tin* Sta *• oinjlit to re.
I'd of • 'oniiiii >i • i. [ t in ulli i. nt power over it to protect tin- e'lmilliilii.
tin* liabiiitv of tin j t> from it s abuse'fin L ni dature should aseei*.
tain what am unit of capital it reipiin 1 to itiruinli
tic circulatin'.; medium, sutficieut for tin* purposes
oft rude, where such capital 01 i^ht to In* employed,
and t 1 {/rant the privilege of usin” it to such per-
son-, and upon such conditions as \v Mild best secure
Mind rurrenev*
a lvannd upoi
-l which lua
tin
in mo v up mi credit. Tin* Li i/islatur mu-t t'.. r« - II ink charter are not intended for tin* exclusive
f in* deti riiiiin-hy w li.it otln*r mean** it w ill pi• \ i.l. j Is in lit of tin stockholders, hut to advanee tin
t.i” tiinds necessary f»r executing its great work of ■ "'”*dth and prosperity■ of all. 7’lie tendency of the
iirtdiial impioveun nt. g m ral liauking Law, is lo induce those wln» have
A chough the failun* of the State’ agent to |u no money, are largely indebted, and those who are
stock iii.in iiien asi the iiuio nit w hi. h must In* pro. employed in extensive speculations to engage in
vided at once for can sing on tin* eoiistrueii mi ot makieg money,or what passes for it, in an easi, r
tin* road, )••! that eii'euin*.t.iiiee licit In* rad Is to its li- ] an I more rapid means ot' aeijuiring it, than hy lah »r.
iial eo^t, nor lessens its advantages when it shall In I \lthuugh tin* law as passed, contained provisions,
completed. 'I’ln* indisposition of tin* Legislature! which for the time have prevented the country from
to impose h *av v and uutisinl t i\es upon tin people ; j being ll >0 Jed w ith irredeemahle hank bills, yet its po.
tin* large demands which inn>t he made upon tin* li' - y is h.-lievi d to he founded in error, in considering
Treasury for other purposes during tli i present land and negroes a better security for a circulating
yi ir; an I lb” deranged state of tli” Iinances ; have paper medium, than gold and silver; and that all per-
created an npprehen-ioii, lest the road shall Im* abaii. >'»ns owning sm ii property, ought not only to have
loin d altogether. <treat a- tin*-lilliciiilv wiilheju
. , - .. finding un atis fur const meting the road, this annr
ill act ol ( Migress. the rri sident 1 , , , , . . . 1 '
s Ion ion cannot t hut prove need!' ss, when it
11 S *cr tary of War fade I, however, to bring tli
.** i'aj »c' to the view of (’ingress,at tlio opening of
1 * s ssion ; and although it was nfvrwanL
•oiig.it before Congress hy the delegati mi fro.11 this
. at”. 'i 1 Hiidi speei d act was passed ; neillicr wits
,e gt ii”ral a«'t making appropriations for t!i • sup.
vssi m< of Indian hostilities, so drawn up as to
• iid tin* difficulty which had occurred tni'!« r the
previous law, or to provide in uny other manner f»r
1 1 iking the required payments. That this State has
j 1st reason to complain of this conduct of the an.
1 lorili s of the United •States, i< evident from the
lets, 1.1 it hef iru the State. un!er d any troops into
iia b i vice, (Jen. Je.sup, then comm.Hiding in Flori.
d^ • was 1.1 formed of the danger v liieh threatened
t ii i!iui».,a.*ia of the counties adjoining tli it Terri.
1 *rv : That ho promised to alfird them protection :
'(’lint w hen the I'ldians enterti! the Uk Tan .kce
invamp, mo mi thereafter, in sulfieient f »rce to endaii.
•r tie whole of the neighboring pop iJatiou, no
« n ans had Iksmi pr willed hy uu J '*nip, or an\
lit; 1 olfiecr of the United States, to r *p I them :
!iat tli” emergency rendered it indi ;• nsalile that
» «• miiiti» of the State shea'd 1. • cilh-d out f»r that
; itp'se: That information <»f ahe inv.i-i >,i .f i n*
b . • Indio i- from Plonid i, vva i um
«• i ii.ii iiiie.itod ollicially te the IV* a lent ta
ut. tl Suites, Secretary of War, and t • (• u. T..v.
. wh i had a sliort time before succeeded to l» n.
c»'s e i ii.ii.iud, iv* h’lorida. with a pressing call
a tic • tuJ protection : That.uo greater force
I .at uy the authorities of the Suite than
<1 tin. danger required, nor retained in
ger than was necessary: That the
tl iim.-iit is hound bv the (' mi* tilution
> eiiu States against invasion ; And that it
» pi t. to pay the militia of the Suites for
•*i inning t i it service vvheiieverit could not have
h n pel formed hy the troops orthe I-llited States,
In pur.-natn't* uf otli-.T provisions of tin* same act
: 11 idy refeffed to,.Augustin Hm 11 tin oil, Kncp, wtui
. ppoi.iteda eommission.-r to au h: the claim ; arising
< *i i r it i i th” C i rokee e unties *ud middle < Jem*,
pi'', and William S. Itoekwell, K*.q., eoiumissioner
i ». the e.unities west of the Ocuitilgcc river a:id
Mont!i of the road leading from Milledgevili” tol’o.
In n mis. The commissioners found great difficulty
i i a iditing tli* claims presented to them, as did this
I) p'irtmcnt iu allowing them ns " just and well
I / indisl”. None* had iu their inception auv
lieu upon the Treasury of the State as having been
c: ated under the authority of its laws, or iu ncem*.
• Innee with any general principle rendering it «*l»ii.
gatorv upon tli” State to puy them, and could only
t ion lore he determined upon by the .strict letter of
th - law which directed their Kctilcui'Mit, 1’opies
ot t ie report of the commissioners are laid before
tli Legislature, and will nIiow iu what hi inner they
li t d is«* I larged the duty assign, d them.
The Legislature was informed at its last s”**i m,
'h • tin* aeeoimts against the United Slates, t »r pay .
m ns made hy tWs State, to its militia and v• »inii.
te. s, uml t tim acts of IH.'IO and Md7, h i I been
pn ,.*nted to the War Department for reimburse,
in -nt, accompliiwed by the n*qu.*st tli it they should
he pissed upon us soon as possible; and that tnc
S. . itors and Representatives from this Stale m
(’ . gri’ss, had also b en requested to as.vri tin w hat
.. i mi o|‘ these accounts would he paid hy'the Warj J 1 '
j) '.rim nt, and to apply to C^Mgress for the p . 1
vi • of a spreialLw, to authori/.e tliepiym-nt of
t't it.minder.
These accounts were placed in the p isses ,:i i,|
t’» Secretary of War, for adjustment in the mouth
e .1 me, l N JH. lit the mouth of January, thereaf.
t i lmviug received no iiiforiiritioti that any pro.
g: *s- had been made in their setthanent, and perc, i.
vi that the subject hud not lk*en luMilgiit lief *
. igress, the attention of the Seercturv of War
an It 1 . D legation, was again called to it. N. ar
to dose of the *r-sion, an.I when it was t ».» late
l «r the It ‘legutMiti to attempt to obtain *nc passage
ot a lu.v by Congress, to reimburse tin: State for
tin pavin' nts made by it, the accounting ollieers of
toe War Depurluieiit, rc|Mirted tliut tli* whole of
tii is p iv incuts had iM*t*n made either contrary to law
«*r required form, or thut they were unsupported by
8U-ftci(‘ilt evidence,
I Jay before the Legislature for the exercise «»f
it- purdo.iing pow» r. the eases of two e mini, u, for
iiurder, to nn ir mii reprieves have U'cti granted.
I would avail myself of the present, us a tit op.
|» ji utility for earn, stly recommending to tin- L' gi-.
I iture, so to modify tile law (i.*lining murder, and
i»« scribing ils puaisluneiit, as to make a larg** por-
tioii of t'le olfences which lire by the'leeisi'ii .'four
( * Mirts, determined to In* murder, and puuisliahle
V* till dentil, subject toll different piillislillieiit. I'.«r.
• • shave I s , uniformly, fora long tim .gran.
it .-iviets for murder, whose guilt has In*, a
r ii . < ireiinistaiicesof great atr«M*ity, as
p'-.o . .i'lusively’, that some other means than
hanging must U* provided, t • -. e ir»
. -,*. oust such crimes.
I • nit!<*d to the wisdom of tile Lcgi-Suture,
» O 'III. whether tin* object '»f ill' pi ','OS'd ill.
torahoii -i| th” Law, wiil Is* ts*st ef|« < ted Iin 'Weal,
itig tw i o. tiuet crime* of the nets, vvJin*h ar. now
con*.i<h red that ^I,-I**11.1 In III h iv* already been
expended in ils construction, which will he lost
entirely to the S; ite, if it shall In* abandoned;
That the line of the road i. the cheap 1 st aial .short,
i -I prai tieahi” route by which the West and South-
West can be e Miuccti d nn it!i the Atlantic ; and th it
its grc.ii eiHt nn ill therefore create an additional se.
ciirily that it will enjoy the monopoly of its advanta
ges ; Th u it is ilin* to her enterprising citizens who
nr. c instructing tli* (Jeorgia, Central, and M mroe
K i if roads : 7'hat th • Suite should finish the Wi-steru
and Atlantic Railroad: Tint as the < Jovnim'-ut
of the State holds tin* political opinion that the (J<*.
iicral (I 'Vcrnmeiil has no e institution'll power to
m ike internal impr tvements witliiu tli • State, it
owes it to itself and the other members of tie
Union, to execute a work necessary for tli . pro pur
ity of several, and advantageous to all, and which
Hone cun execute hut (J ugia : That the ro id will
furnish flic only means by which the Ik aw and va.
Iitible productions of the Cherokee counties can
reach a profitable in i:
State w u i one of t ie
tries in tiie world, •; • a
of it Mippli' * of tii. li
in join 'j 11 itity 'v hi h
will gi\.- t • our cities
pro liictions of th” A
t : 7’nat it w ill connect the
i . •! extensively f : tile c tan.
to int reduce into i vary pill
I i:< ”• itn , at all times and
ny U d man h d ; Timt it
a huge export trade ii, the
'•stern and S intli-We *t iai
Slate
their
g" at
id an equally h *ik lieial tr.adi
i coii.simiplioi) : 7'haI ii mu
apply.
■ tin
i i< d in th<l> fmiti m of murder, dinting lulling
then y tii* (aniimatniK’.-s attendant upon their
dill •* nt d'-grifH of guiltt and niuking tin* '.ir«*ne. of
III e*t degr*", p'liiis ith,.*, hy eonfilK ui.-ut ill ill*
Penn ntinrv—and tbo hlfhott witli Juatli, or .
I*'a\»•».; it ti the ducfvtioii of the Judg* , L lot-
wlimi* .uni« tioii*. for murd. r may f »k” pl ie . to
*« .' , ,,f .|, r,th,or coiifuit incut m tl" I*• ni.
t -utitry. a*-, udiugly n« tlw guilt «»f the • oiiv i* t iimn
\p *u« i» l l, hy 'ircuinitaiMMu of u!lcviati >n or up
gntkftU'iu,
In ol» •!.* ih " to iIm* r quirtim nt • f tl* L gidu-
u'o tgiifan' |br travelling hetw*•«*n tii«- South-
I fin* Atlantic : Tiiat it \» i I strengthen tin*
ho,i Is of th I nioii ; add to tii, means of mutual d«*.
fence ilid protect j. ill among the Slates ; elevate the
character of this Stale; advance its general pm?,pc.
rity , and r«*taia within it the population and wealth,
which nvoiiI I otherw ise muigratu to other Stale
If, h on ever, the Legislature should consider the
finance s lo he in such ucoiiditi mi as to forbid I he
continuance uf th * road hy funds t > he drawn from
taxation, I would r< commend that the Legi-iature
nutliorize Iu.- b »ard of (’ Minnis* ioners to accept ol
the proposal which Im- been made by the contrac
tors now at work on the road, to receive six per
cent, stock of the State in payment for its eonulrue-
lion to Ross' I,milling,
A copy of the eorresp mdeiici* of this Depart
ment with the Chief Ihigiueer, upon this suhjeet,
mid of the proposal on the part of the contraetor
is laid hi'foi'e N 'KI, L the Legul tllli'e hlioilld de.
termini* up mi accepting the terms olVercd l.y th.
ronlr ietor*. I would advi-c that it be done as s »»»
u po-sihle, so that they may he notified of u hy t..
tim * that tlu i,* present eontniets shall Im.* coiiipi. t. d.
It -ports have he.-u reeeivt I from nil the Rink*;
in tlie State, show ing their condition on th.* first «>!
Oct »h rl i-t. These reports are so numerous and
e\t« iiiled that copies could Hot lie made nut to nee mii-
pany this iii.*N-.age, Tli *y are tiled ill the K\«
live l Mil''*' Ntibj. rt to the disposition of the ], gislu.
Ilin*.
Tli.* late Hiispeii i »;i •! specie pay incuts hy m my
of the Ranks, all- 'ts mi generally and t«* such an ex
tent. the interest ni' the u hole e.Miniiumty ns to call
till'the decided interference of tile legislature, to
prevent the iit jui'i ms const qtiences w inch may f illow
from it. Tic preceding suspension of specie pay-
m.nts by tin* It inks, f mii I its juslilieatimi in th” ex-
iiic neeessify w h.eii w as created hy the sadded re.
Nul-ioiiiu trade, and general loss of eontidi uee in
commeri i d transactions, which suci*ccdcd immedi
ately after the exeessiv” issues »»ftlie* Ranks, which
had b”cii called for hy ov.Ttmdi’ig, on the part of the
merchants, « xtraiagant purchases upon credit,
livnig In-vouiI their m ans, |»y the people, and the
spirit of speculation w liieh pervaded the whole coun
try. It g.'iNeto tin* limb*t!u* means of alfirdiug
the usual facilities for hiisiticsi, uml at the same
tim" of gradually curtailing their disc.units, so as
again t • resume specie payments without great
ire Upon til 'll’debtors ; mid to di'lM T* th. op
tli.- light of using it, enjoy ing its profits, mid selling
it for it- viliK , hut tin* privilege of depreciating or
idleetiag the n tin • of every other person's property,
by putting into general circulation hunk hills, to pass
lor money. The great mistake in this matter con
sists in providing for the eventual redenipti mi of
hank notes, rather than for their eontimn d eireula.
ti mi, without depreciation ; anil for the benefit of
the is,i« ra of hank notes, rather than the interest
of the whole community. Laud and negroes arc
unfit instruments for carry ing oil the business of
barter and exchange, or for being made the basis
for issues of hank notes, liecause they cannot he ex
changed into m May at the will of tla- holders, or OH
the necessities of commerce may require. The
rich may profit hy land and negroes, living the basis
for tin* issues of hanks w hich fail, hut a large por
tion of the holder.sof the notes of such hanks, must
part with them at any rate of depreciation. If,
h iwover, the Legislature should continue of the
opinion that the h;i .iue s of hanking may he left to
regulate itself, under tlie restrictions imposed upon
it by ihe general law up mi that subject, those restric
tions might t » h.* iucrenst d by requiring tiiat hank
ing companies shall consist of a sufficient nuinls r
of stoekholdi rs, an I th. lock held hv each he so
limited as to prevent the huiks from failing under
tli** control «»f individuuis, or of a f.*w persons, and
thereby secure them from being din clod to specula
tive or fr.ui. lull nt purpose*.
la compliance w iii» thu resolution of the Legisla
ture* John McPherson Berrien* Win* W* Holt, and
Absalom JI. ('linppel, ICsqrs., have been appointed
eoinmissioiiei's to arrange mid digest a sysiem of
finance forth** State. Their report will he made
to you nt mi i arly'lay. Tic* high qualifications of
ihe-.* g,*ntk in. ii for th** duty imposed upon them,
the labor which has h"t*ti employed in its per fori it
alic*, and the importance itssuliject, will entitle
their report to great considcrat'oii.
William Law. .1 Hcph D. iirv Lumpkin and Da
vid f’. fumph 'll, Ixsqrs., have been appointed e mii-
mi*sjoii«*i*s to investigate the claims of Tre/.evant,
(ialpliin and Kili »t. The result of their iuvcstigu*
lions w ill Ik* reported directly to the Legislature;
and will, it is to he ivxpeej. d, produce a final dispo
sition of those claims.
In pursuance ol’the authority given this Depart
ment, ('liurJes Dougherty and James A, Merriwe-
tlier, 1'Lip's., have been employed as counsel to de
fend the actions pending iu th-* Superior (Lurt of
I lahei'shaui county, in favor of tlie heirs of certain
Indian reserve**, against tli • grumes of the State,
nr those nn h ■ hold under them. The Legislature is
i« feri'ed to the report of t'n s! geiitleincn, lbr iu-
fermaliiMi upon tin* suhjeet of those suits,
1 refer li" L gidalUie to tlie correspondence Ik:-
twceil this D *parIntent and the (Jovernoi and Com-
niissiojier. of lJie JSl .le of Alabama, fbi inforuri.
lion in relation to a proposition made hy the tiover-
n«*r of Alabama, to run again the line between the
two Status, in conjunction nn ith the authorities of thu
State.
I transmit toenrh branch of tin* Legislature, a list
of the Lxeculive warrants signed during the past
year, mid of ollieers appointed by the Kxeeutivu dur
ing the -ame time.
7’lie proceedings of th” Legislatures of several
of tli” States, upon subjects of supposed common iu-
terest to all the States, are laid before vou, at their
idiei
, ,
portuuity ot makingpaymetes l»y tim *, industry nitd j nlu
ral X tchari.ah White’s rnnnn.itul
litis l» e nne vaeant, hy his ii moval from the State.
I lay before the Legislature, copies of tin* cor-
respon 1 uce between this Department and Col. Asa
ll ite-, th” contractor for improving the ii;inigatiou
of th” (.’liatt'ili'oocliie l iver from thu city of C’olum-
husloiliu riot i*la line, mid the superiiiteudeiil. Renjn-
min A . Ivers mi, Ksip, with copies of their account x
against the State. 7’hesu papers satisfied the De.
p.'trtm*-ut that the sum nt' tliirty-tive thousandd illars,
w hich had been received fro n the State, by Cal,
Rates, greatly exceeded what he w as entitled to for
U*. ii
>il( etious im.
e.—Tlie pi e-
n. ry dill’ rent
Ullll'Uiced. Iiy
an iiiMvuiiu
Legi>iatur«
them,:
iVici' iit laws. Whilst, tli
i. v Minuend that all the ll ink - should h
t » retain »h ir eliartei s, w Ik
their business lias U n e
in e ail', ion. ii nd iv gar d (or tin
deem it \eiy ini|N»rtan! th t
impose siieli c.mk lit ions ii|mmi
their linking » \e. H>ive i
••.•it mi »r other pro l icit "is •
They uill also show the thfiiculty
• d wnseorh.k.i.’J u fiat ought to he paid
in* a ict, Th y* referred tj the
that such .' teioun moil m .v V l;n 1
s a just regard for th public interest,
and the right* of llu* contractor and superintendent,
may r» quire.
Mr. I loward, the agent nvIio was m*nt t«» Iviglaad
to proeiire copi s of the roioiiiul n*c .rds, relating to
the early history of this State, has placed in the
Kxecutive otliee iiincti'eii maiiusei ipt volumes as the
result of Ids hilsirs. (Jreal credit is due to Mr.
II'ward f*r tin* industry mid persvranee with
them, Ullil th pr.ih ihi.ilN { a hit'll lie .iN. u aiiK the difficulties w hich lie met
>pp‘nliUiily wJik'Ii ti»< MHpeti. I with m efleeling tlieoh,. et of fiis mission.
pna
ee.MtoiiiN, without tin* ruin winch w
the roiiNcqu. nc t • ill any of forced .
mediately llt\'T the pl'essun* took pi
sent suspension has been lo ide node
circiuns'Uiiiee* ; and if |s*nnitted to g
the L» gi ilature, will tend to pioduo
mid vaeill itimi iu Rank issues and credit, a til ding
in »st in|tiriou*ly tin* relation «»l debtor and creditor,
and the general wealth and pros|M iity «»f thecoin*
iiiuiiity. I’li. co.nl :t ; ot ni u.n "I th> Ranks show **
the shg .t e Mitr-'l wtiicaili obligation to pcrlnrm
their eoutriii’ts’ha*
th it tin y w ill u*c tli
mo'i givs them. "I iu ikiug pi MU Ir mii it, u il
*'i lne^*<aU « .
d «•!
it 1 el j* i, by p.-nal t nnctniciits, th »-*
nn . n * p . • .»• arm* in their In::! •, tu d. .1 v« •
, .pt*, s mil ' ignnt.vJ oflieer.
i St It . w ueti i.i public arms nvctc found,
. h .N i» • i »lit ' t”d ilito tIk* A rVt'lial, rendered
• • •-» Iiy t‘> It e<Misideruble eX|H*lise should In in-
i i ei. . tiing and repairing them to pn s r\
i li f»r poha«;use,
i • • v citing the act passed tit your la t session,
.•ti g tin- D pai'tiiK i.t to have said s.ich "I th”
e -no is might he deemed uni»ei*es-arv tore-
Tli*' ' omi.ni' *1 hid* * .1, iilff,
su ait tribunal, arisug out n|
a and p pnl.iti mi of the Sint
In.* and *'iv.*r .ty of th * inti
•on ' "ju. h. adjutlie.tcd Iu
term •
-keep,
of the
The
I w
hmidiiiu
house
the.
-id.
of the (i ini m »r having proved iusutfi-
t«*'l I ci nt I * complete the building iu the style and nc*.
repo ts sli i\v t'n it i coi ding to the plan on nn Inch it nn as commenct d, the
lildi d w 11! i ordiiia- ' (’oi limit tee nn Ii i III I the AiqN-riiOeiidatU'e vf its • re,*.
•I tiie public, I h" i, h n i'inv” i 11 oin th" (’ "Ural Rank, upon th .r
I ."gi *1 ator.
ii ns will pri
*: -|k .-ulntiu;
'dll, til
The
illllllltte
lN* |u||”
til”
pr*"
i til
iffM* e . tntnes uu.'i
dealings, s.iii 11 finN * I
required t" i i »k< qn •
show in" th ir t*"ii lili
• it tliinr b«»inlitn
The eondaet ol st
and si
N.—Th. N should In
ion mid • x'lihhmu tli
till I th sis ete in tii<
Tfle
I of the
(’apt-
•t M.. i
mg tla ir pi
11 i uk t
d |
I, ;u or note* under (in*
them, b\ til'* s IIIN* III'
note* in ci”, nn Im m p
m **o» til aiiiouutN.
Tli ll.o.k Ol D tl' I
i Halt
doll.i
;VJIM dollars to supply the
• spirit wlecli ind iced ihe
re -poiisibility«« nt it Ie •• them
-la’ure in the sun • spirit.
. is.** .*.,: *|mi|duig iu sl\ Ie
ing, remain t • I rected.’
tin ts Within which Justice*
ir r* gol.ii Jurisdit tiof„ mid
. >. tin III ill. | .. Ml. ||\ ill’ 1 IW s
R _
I in: III i of til” State IS SO
I tli'tt t u Mil l he a mull- r
• both tli” I'eopit and til*
I, if Illi'
, ti*. -.tenl pr. Niilt* udequat- fa.ids
•Wiethe IK'•*• *s*;.try supply o| tj lallll d It a< i-
Tic u«.'a«k*iiiic mid |H*t*r hcImmI land* and tli*
interest ileriNi tf fr mt oiie-tiiird ol’lhe surplus re.
vt mu* received front tin* United State, make up th
entire Hinti appropriateil |. »r the *upport of the g« i .
era! system of cducnli mi, and may Ih* emisiden d
equal to sixty th iiwaiid d ill.trs per minuiii. Th
law intends that this sum *Itull be so expended is
to extend the advantage* of education equally l<> at 1
t'ue children of tli** State. The i xtciit of the State is
equal to sixty th • is.'iud ih s, so that if t!;er
should he a school hou- m each sixteen square
mile*, as then* must h* to hringn school nn ithitt reach
of all tiie* eiiildroii, ti; • w hole sum appli»*able to tfn*
payment of the teacher "f each school, will lx* six-
tec:i dollars, including iu that sum what may ho
necessary lor purchasing hooks uu*I stall utnry for
tin poor children,
A noth r vicNV nitty perhaps present the subject
in a yet clearer light. The xvstoic number of chil
dren httwe*'*n the ages of live and fifteen. In ing those
u In i are entitled to the bene fits of the system, exceed f
one hundred and six thousand. An equal expendi- I
ture of the sixty tii misuikI dollars unioiig titem, wiil
ul! inv somewhat mor* than fifty cents t » he applied
to the education of each child. When, therefore,
from this sum "ffilty cents for each scholar, or six
teen dollars for each school* is deducteil, xvimt may j
he necessary to supply the poor children with hooks :
and stationary, what may remain undrnxvn from tin
Trcusury* and that xvhieli may lie misapplied or not
applied at all hy agents, it wall s •uroely b • necessa
ry to estimate the stun which wiil remain of the sixty
thousand dollars, to >how its entire inudequacy to.
pay teachers for all the school districts,and toedu-1
cate all the cliildren in the State. It is true that the
I inv provides that in aid of the funds xvhieli have j
Im*eit appropriated, the trustees of the school dis-1
tri'Ms may raise motley by voluntary subscriptions, j
ami that the Inferior Courts of the counties may
lay a tax.—Rut that system is no system at nil 1
w hich depends up >u voluntary assistance to sustain
it. Its operations must he toounet rlait and vari
able to b.* r 1 ed upon for any valuable purpose nn bat-
s lever. In addition to those detect , of the svs-1
tern, it may lie added, that the expenditure of the
school funds ns directed by it wiil Im* verx
unequal. In ail the populous and wealthy dis
tricts and counties, where school houses* will
be erected, teachers employed and children taught,
whether any aid is received from the public
funds or not* the proportion rf the school fund
to which such counti s and districts maV be en*
titled, wiil be received and expended, whilst the
sparsely populated and poor districts and counties,
Nvlturc schools arc not supported nt present, will re
ceive nothing; because their proportion of the
school fund will he too small to enable them to cm-
ploy teachers or maintain sch<K>ls. Entertaining
these opinions of the insufficiency and inequality «d
the general system of education by common schools,
I consider it my duty to recommend to the L gLl i-
ture, cither to amend it so as to make i, w hat it pur
ports to be, or to abandon it altogether,
Tlie two houses will find in the accompanying
p:q»crs, several acts and resolutions, passed nt the
last session of the Legislature* with t! e reasons
Nvhy they were not signed or returned t » the I louses
ill which they originated.
1 regret to inform you that the Legislature of the
State of Maine lias declined taking any measures to
give satisfaction to this State, for the violation of
its constitutional rights, hy the refusal of Governor
Dunlap and Governor K nt to deliver up to its mi- •
thorities upon their demand the fugitives from itr- ;
justice, Philbrouk and Kcllerau. Vou will per-
cetve from the proceedings of the Legislature of ;
Maine, at its last sesunn, that upon reference
to it of all the documents iu relation to Phil-
brook and Kellerart, it contented itself by re
solving that the whole of that suhjeet was ex- !
clusivelv within the province of the Executive De-:
partment, and that it was inexpedient fur the Legis- !
lature to take any order iu relation thereto, not-'
withstanding that the Legislature had passed a law j
at its previous session, defining the power of the Ex- •
ecutive Department iu arresting and delivering up
fugitives from justice, from other States, und evident- 1
ly xvitli the view of justifying Gov. Dunlap in Ins i
previous refusal to deliver up Philbrook and K .lie- J
rnu to the authorities of this State.
This conduct of the Legislature of Maine, and;
the previous conduct of Governor Dunlap mid Go-
vernor Kent, prove conclusively that the opposition I
to the institution of slavery is so great among the
people of that State, that their public authorities an*'
prevented from obeying the injunctions of thu Con
stitution of the United States, when rcqulr *d to de- |
liver up fugitives from justice charged with the
crime of violating the rights of property in slaves.
Tills State must tlieiefore protect by its own mitho.
rity, the right* of its citizens in slave property
against this disposition of Maine, to violat • them, i
For this purpose, you will ho justified in declaring 1
by law, that all citizens of Maine xvlto may come ;
w ithin the jurisdiction of tliis State, on hoard of auv :
vessel as owners, officers, or mariner*, shall hi* eon- I
sidered as doing so xvitli the intent to commit the j
crime of seducing negro sltiv s from their own
ers, and be dealt with accordingly by the officers of
justice.
I have not called a convention of th. people ofj
the State to take into consideration the course t!u*x
ought to pursue in maintaining their rights,in rouse, i
<1 uenee of the refusal of Maine to do them justice,
as directed by the resolutions of tlie Legislature,
passed at its session of 1837, lbr tlie reason, tiiat I
the Legislature failed to provide for the expenses of'
such a Convention, and because a Convention for'
another object had already been called by the Le. !
gislature, and its proceedings submitted to tlie peo. |
pie for ratification.
Your attention is call'd to .a law which'
Ins been passed by the Legislature of tlie State
of New.York, to nutliorize the arrest und de
tention of fugitives from justice from other
States, and tlie Territories of the United States, a ;
copy of which tlie Legislature of Nexv-York has
caused to be transmitted to the Governors of each
of tin* States, iu order that similar laws max be
passed by eaeli. The copy received nt this Depart-
incut accompanies this message. I also i.i\ be for
you copies of very interesting proceedings of tin
legislature of the Stale of South Carolina mid tin
State of New Jersey, in relation to the coiitroxer-sy
betxvecu tliis State and til” State of Maine.
The amendments to tin* Constitution, which xvciv
proposed to the jwople lor ratification, by tli*: late |
Convention, have been rejected by the ino.-h derided
expression of puh.ic opinion. This is the second
lime that the people have refused to .>aut*ii«Mi tin :
proceeding* ofConveiitions, held to reform the Con-
stitution ; and in both i.Munec* luve probably be i.
induced to the n.ur>” pursued, by tlie iN-lief tea;
tlie amendments oil”red 1 »r their approval, were m
tended lor sectional or temporary partv pur*oM >.
I’liat tlie pi*ot*eediiig* of th *si* (km.vnli'Mis should \
have been liable to such decisive objections, is vers
much to be regretted, since t ie umemlmern* to t!i«
I’ Mi.-’titutiou, which tin \ xv„*ro culled to make* are 1
iiidi*(iciisahie to tue g«».» I g ivenmient of the Si ite.
I’ll” present liuilllier'if ill lilemL l’S of tin* L< j;-
lature must Im* redueed, and tin* representation of
the | M ' >plc equaliz 'd, 11 v cure to the coiiuli y u xv is,*.
• •‘oiiouiical, and just Mystein ol public |s,licv. Fr«mi
ih'ulated t" | *G» .t N’T eaiiM** tin* l tiuii'e . lo amend the (! instill-
t practii*d ti »n mix have pro*e -J. d. n rontiir.r■* t # L- an«*b.
Con it i i
our (’ n.rt ,
m u.img i i
i Supr, mu
d lit O' .«11ii iuu>t In
•W”r
• n .
III.I "t <*<M||p
In f tx tb« ir fix”
ir <! tolli' in l”f p.ii
I (Im* Rank id Ron
Unr ('
to til. luf.
ton. \n.in issued to tlie Militu
• } to se.. « t and s 11, uccordiiig to th*
ii”t, i i ii - h* • amis under their care.
1’Lv i*i ports 'if tin* Military S'.or« -keepers, ro.
pi , nt NV!ii.*h at** la; ! b"foi’«* tin* two 11 his« s, nn iil
show t it* lo .niKT in xvhK'h tiiat a *t h is been carried
into « :i'*”!: nn I i n* e mditioii of the public arms in
« i”h of tin* Arsenals.
Tht* appropriation of ten thousand dollars f »r a
(J • 'logical Survey of the State, will Ih* expended
before the end of tin* present year. It wiil be lie-
ei-ssarv that nn additional appropriation shall be
made, if if is th" purpose «d* tli L -gislature* to con-
tin ue the operations of the Geol 'gist, until an en-
tire survey of the State shall Ik* completed.
Tli” building xv .i :\i is n »xv Iteiug erected for n
Lunatic Asn him. will be (*ompleted before your next
session, and ready forth” reception of the insane.
I nn .•'ild call tlie attention of the Legislature t > the
ne<'« -ity "f prescribing the rules upon xvhieli its
inmates shad Ik* rec ived, adopting proper regula
tion' for tin* government of the Institution, ap
pointing a Hoard of 7’rustccs for its NUpcrinten-
d'*u”e and inspection, and a Piiysiciuu for its Medi
cal direction,
7’tiereare at present oik; hundred and sixty con-
vi ts m the Penitentiary. Tliis munlicr is too large
t » Ik: enipl »yi d w ithin tli” present building, or to
ad iiitof th convicts being subjected to solitary con-
fin *.n ut, th*; number «*!' cells now erected being
onl\ one hundred and fifty.
'I’ll” Principal Keeper, bis assistants, and the
R >:ird of Inspectors, have discharged the duties of
their respective offices inn maimer xvhieli lias se-
cured for tin Institution as Niicc.os-.ful management
use n b.* given to it under the laws which ut pro.
sent control it. There have been no disturba'.ce?
am »-ig the prisoners daring the past year, but oik
• sc i *e t and the amount of'labor of the convicts ha.*
ox” • dediu value that of any prex i mis year, upwards
"I < igiit thousand dollars. Rut no etlorts of tin.
ofli- is, however well directed, can make the Insti-
tuti mi nn hut it ought to be, a terror toevil doers, and
th” moans of reforming criminals, without the aid
of a xvell regulated pdiec. It is especially nect
sir. that the unrestrained daily commuiiiciti
which is now permitted among the convicts should
be prohibited, and that a separate building should
be erected for the reception of female convicts.
Upon the subject of the reforms xvhieli are
necessary in the government of the Penitentiary,
the Legislature is respectfully referred to the
ports of tli«* Hoard of Inspectors, and of the (.’ »m-
itiiUecof th” Legislature.
I xvo ild rcsjK'ctfully recommend the rep'
modification ol the law passed at your last session,
to promote tin* culture of silk. I**ram enquiri”
mad-* by this D'partment, it has been ascertained
that tiie premium of fifty cents ollcrcd by that In xv
f »r each pound of silk cocoons raised in the State,
is twice the sum of their value ; so that the produ
cers, receiving tin* premium, will receive certainly
txvice the value for coco, ms, and three times, if they
can find a market for them. The extended plantings
of'tIk* morns multicaulis mulberry tree, xvhieli has al-
ready b •» *n made in this State; the facility with which
it can he rapidly propagated ; its quick growth and
early fitness for feeding the silk worm ; and the ease
xxitn xvhieli any quantity of the silk xv« nans mav he oh-
oht.lined; render it highly probable that a sufficient
quantity of silk e icoons will b • raised, entitled to pn*.
iiiiums, to « xiiaiist the Treasury in u fexv years.
There e.lu ho hut little doubt that this will he the case,
if our climate, soil, ami cheap lauds, admit of the ap
plication of labour to tli** cultivation of the mulberry
tree,and raising silk cocoons, sons to derive there,
from tho ordinary profits received from other c*m-
ploxincuts. If not, than nil tlie premiums which
shall have been paid, will he so much public money
tlu*«inn it axvay. As tin* luw given an implied pledge
that the premium shall he paid for ten years, regard
for the public faith, as well as the public interest, ri
quires that if it is to be repealed or modific d within
tlie ten years, it be done nt once, and befor
very extensive obligations shall have been incurred
toour citizens under it, or large amounts ol the pub-
lie money paid away.
Besides these objections to the particular provis
ions of tiie law, tlie policy in xvhieli it is founded i
itself s i n questionable. The people of this coun
try are s i keenly alive to their own interests;
little under the iidl.iciiee of long continued usage
and ehaii'.;' from one employment to another so re
•lily ; that the interference of the G ivcrnnicnt in giv-
iug a forced direction to their labour by bounties,
can s'*arc”lv Im* justified in any instance whatever*
As tlie r.iLing of silk cocoons requires neither ex-
traordiuary capital nor skill ; has been known to
the people of tliis State from its first colonial settle
ment; is designed to supply the demands of luxury
ami not of necessity; and therefore only encourag
ed by th” State to enlarge tli” sources of profit ;
tnc re L no stronger inducement fur its encourage-
int ul bmuty. than any other production xvhieli
the L**gi: iutuiv may he of the opinion can be raised
xvitli advantage.
If the Legislature slnuld Ik* of the opinion, hoxv-
ever, that the i inv is f Minded in sound policy, and
ought to he e intituled in force, I would recommend
that it b” so m idified, as to take off the bounty now
allowed upon silk ok* ions, and increase that alloxved
up mi silk, and especially upon raw or reeled silk.
Frau Is are so easily e numitted in xvcigliingcoco ms
that they cannot be prevented. There is besides
li » object to he effected hy encouraging the raising
of coe ions at present, as there is no sufficient mar
ket lbr their Mile in tin* United States, ami because
tliex cannot Ih.* sent abroad ounce Mint of their groat
huik iu projiortiou to their value ; tlu* injury done
to th *in by e.impression ;.iikI their liability to decay
when exposed to the damp of the ocean. Raw silk,
on t i e mti ary. finds a r« udy market to any amount
in England or Fr mee, and is solight in proportion to
its value, ns to he sent abroad at very little expense*
If silk m to be made in tliis State in sufficient quan-
t t ie> t • b e mi * one of its staple productions, it
Wei moat pro.i.iMx b i i tlie form of raxv silk, and,
therefore encouragement should be given to it in
nRiui form, it' at all.
v \o distrihuti »u lias lu eii made during the past
year of ihe lauds appropriated by th • acts of 1S37
and I ■■•JH, to establish a general system of education
by Comm mi Sc'.kmIs. This delay lias proceeded.
iVoin Hie « \!i m-t *d state of the Treasury ami the
inubilitx of th -1 ’ uitral Rank to advatir * the am Mint,
• \cipl in the b Us of the Darien Rank, which the
Treasurer refue-d to receive.
WhiLt the genera! system of edueatioii is yet
imqHTuttxv, a suitable opportunity is allbrded to the
L jislatui' of ag tin enq firing xx lieth«*r the me iii>
pr »|H»M*d t*» be used bx it are calculate 1 t » an>wi r
tic end designed. Willi a vi* w to sucli an eiiqair),
it max h ■ pr >per to observe, that tlie primary oh.
jeets t • h * Mamed iu « M Rushing sueli a system,
are gem rally understood to be tin* building of com-
lortable s *ho .1 h »ui*os, ofdurublt* mu*.* i inL, in eve.
ry seb »'I distriet; the j'lac.ug iu tii in a library lbr
tiie u*” of all t iii j M’h ilars, of h • tks
impress up »•. ihein religious, moral
truths; ami tin* mercniM ”l ih«* iiuiii nt uml ipialifi- J**”l ul the highest import.imv to tin
• aiions eftli” t« icbur-4, l»x proxi ling eert.un and State, that it »!i mid
Milli ii nt pu'» .. i m Is to , fl’vt that pnrp •*•-■. V v«*. * » (' iiutil.,'..on, t.K
»■> silgllt l \ ; . . |-1 Ml "I I 1 !' A -"I l*s;*7 a'l M-:»- I *N 'Ogs I Xl'ih.l IX I
xx i sImov, that tl» - «•!•; ci*, arc nut proxfiled to. at » nly I would lh» r. f
*• It, or very mad* q iutrlx, by tin |ir"pm*«l systuin, 1 ik ratio,! of the ^u^J•
To* * inx* dm .*i tiiat tiie trui'* ••• ol ih* m-Ii N’l «|,s. 'I'Ih* I" e. «-it> • i
irieu fchuli I’M'iiic and sup* riut! ml th, « reeii m «d l it” jurisdiction, in e
suitsbh m h'Nii h him s in iIh ir rc<>|H etiv«* dull ict-: | rightby eorrwtiug
Imi c«pr**»ly pr •i.ibit their using t u m hooi i iiid bn j ual » i rtaiu, an I m il
titp ,»•»•« ; I* - .i»-* e l». - iiireltus’ •. • xc« t w hai S»i|M it »f (' ni r Is, In -
1 .ii ii yf th • iul'lrxil w 1. + |Mant« <m | aMi utls* o| 11 •• !,• j,
tli i.iip t!« < t maim r m
M iite'l lo th I•' uislatinx
by tli«* suiik csiiisi from
pl'eseiit state of th” puhlie ii
to -ii <w how tiie mill)
r c i veil fo
C'S'd’ i * * X' • * i
hie.i iIk
I him
, • »gx I* »r
xsa.” pn*.
' Is** n prevented
exposition uf 111”
*. and a Rumpling
d mom y xv hit ti h.iv»* hei u
public Ian!.;, and from outer .
• liavi* In en eoiitiuualiy xvasted. eitli* r
by mi-caken appr *pi iatiou or improvident inauaif.
m nt u it ii titu I’ic isury is not uuly soexlia listed t ;.t
it is NNith'iut tlu funds lbr carrying on tin* first great
work which has been imdertitkeii by the Slate, hut
a puhlie debt has h. en contracted of more than a
million of dollars. I must content myself witli re-
iniudiiigtlie Legislature, that whilst for several years
its appropriations have been greater than the Trca*
•siu'y ••'mid pay. the general annual taxes, nn Inch U .
lo >g properly to the treasury, have Ik*cii given nwax
to tiie • m ities. and of nn nut is, perhaps, still more
important to be reiif.uibered, that tin* credit of the
State Ins lieeii acriliccd, and its« haraeter disgraeeii,
by t! « protest, in another State, of n debt of lluvo
buii’ii' »l thousand dollars, contracted bv the Central
Rank, under the authority of the Legislature, and
which th* I *gis!atur«* has pn vented the Rank from
pay ing when due, hy r» quiiing that its iik ans should
lie ii| plied to other purposes. The; present state of
tho finances and the system of public revenue and
expenditure hereafter to be udopted, are subjects of
the highest importance, und demand, as 1 trust tlicv
w ill receive, the prompt and earnest attention of the
Legislature,
Ah mt : • retire from the Executive department,
I must ax ii myself of the present opportunity of
i .grossing to you, and thro ;gh you to tlie p< ople,
my di-ep s.*iiS” of gratitude lor the kindness and
confidence xvhieli I have received from the country,
during my noxv extended public lif”, and tlie strong
desire which I mast continue to feel, tiiat the Gov.
eminent may ho so conducted as best to secure the
honor of th” State, and tin* prosperity* "f the peo
ple. GEMRGE R. GILMER.
To o"ii State Rh-iits hiienhs.—One xvord at parting
to our Stan* Rights friends. Since our connection xvitli
tliis pan r, xve nave pursued a strictly neutral course,
and we h ive not, intentionally, lout our feeble aid to tho
support ot cith r of the leading parties in this State.
AA.-lux” been, and are Mill ol the opinion, that the State
Rights parly cannot, without a great concession of old
and dcT’slied principles, close in xvitli either the self-
styled Democrats, or the uiis-nanied AV'higs. Outlie
one hand they arc called upon to aid in continuing in
pmvet, an AdiniiiiMrat :<>n, the exc sses ami corruptions of
which are unpa ral Idled in th* history of the repuhhc ;
whose acknoNvIedg ’d head, (a xvdy and shifting political
mauceuverer, wIioao own j-olicy is the p/'i7«'/ydc iip« ii
whirlili * acts)—merits, to say the least, n<> gratitude
from tli" Stilt.* Rights party, for his dislingi;ishi f public
services.—Must xve unite xv th a party, winch put lorili
and sanctioned the Proclamation,—the same party,
which, ho* a lew years since, in violation of the Consti-
tiition, and a* tiie Imi ling of a chief, rj'jnngul the r«'-
cords of ih* (Jovernineiit.—(‘an State Rights men unite
tli< ir destinies, for xveal or xve with such a party and un
der such leaders!
On the other, we are called upon to a id in establishing
another nriiiiinotli Northern \nfiiiiuil Rank, and thus ir
retrievably fix upon Ili»* Soill!i a coniinercia] taxation ami
varsallige. AA’e are ral'idou to support the founder
of the odious Tar»lV and interna! Improvement sys
tems, a. id I!»• adx’ocate of a latitudmarinii construction
of the Fe«l'*ral ('oust it ut ion. Are Stale Rgli's iikii
prepared to un t. Ilsur destinies xvitli the *• Whigs?’*
AA’e institute no comparison between Messrs, (‘lay
ami Van Hurra. Wo look upon (he former as one* of
nature’s nobleman,*'—a man of brilliant and commaml-
ing talents—upon the latter as the least ot all great hum
—the mere r i! ction of liis illustrious ('vruimu-n!!) pre
decessor. We iii ike no allowance, li ixvover, for their
faults. AA’e believe they are both inimical to the inter
ests of the South.
\\Y have thought proper to any thus much in expla
nation and just fication of our i oiirpe. We design to
censure no Nulld’ier who may have thought pro|s*r to
unite xvitli either party. Our only design ;s to show*
fairly our onnn position, since we have been connected
witli th *“Miiqu.rer."
A\’(» look ujhxi tli” State R glits party as the truecon-
servative party of the Goverumeiit. Their political faith
is founded on the Republican doctrines ol Jefferson, and
our Federal Constitution is their text-hook. Men and
times may change—but principles never change.
Let us, thi'ii, unite with “ Democrats" or “AA’Iiigs”
only so far is ill” me isur- s they propose may he equita
ble, and ui c.us Niauee with our cli *rish *d principles.
(Jttrndffiii {Miss.) Hmfuinr.
Fiiom Havre.—We are indeed to the isditenoss <»f
mercantile I'riomL in this city, lor the following ••xtr.iet
of l”tters rec *iv d hy th” pack”t shipD/mAc.vs </’ Orlrun*,
arriviHlut N« *• -Vork, oirdl : mst,from Havre.—Charles,
fun M rcunj.
“IIaviu:, Suit. 11—AA’” do not wait till Sunday to
advise v«ui m our Cotton mirk t, since the8th inst,be
cause i’ is of an iut«.*i'.*stitig clnraeter, perm.ts us to
speak more cam! dly than xve were able to do last xveek.
You xv ill p’rc N'* that our npiu on then « xi»” *s.-ed,
has been :ul!y j»i-*»iii *d. AA ” hiveto rejK»rt a tall of*Jc.
at lea>t on fine Cot toe, and at tli” saui'time the sales
from Monday to Friday inclusive amount d to Mol hales.
—More than hall this quantity xvas sold l>y our largest
holder ui lots of '"Ih hales IsMi. ianant 1011*.—1(KH> at
107 and *-71 nt III to one purchaser, and ♦-Ti bales to
atipdmr at III l-’i, this list sale of fine Mobile took
place on l i'li mst, and xvas considered tIk* most advan
tageous. Tin* seller immediately ofl' red for sale a fur
ther lot of *Jt M KI bales, from xxh.rfi xve predict a furl her
fall n fine qualities, which ar* uni 'll more abundant
than ordinary qualities. The disproportion in pr.ee be
tween fill” and poor qualities has become so great that
it appears difficult to us to believe that while then* is no
chine • of th” fi i-’adxanc *ing, th; lower qualities cm
sustain themselves, they appeir to us entirely to » high,
and tli *y cannot continue to com.mud 100 a 10*2 l-‘2
w!i;l * tho h'Mtcan only bring 110a ll'i 1-1. Our mar
ket liny be said to range from tlu lowest 1001 to tin* high
est l‘20'.
Our receipts have boon ‘i lio bales, bv three vessels
from Noxv Vork, one of xx liieh the l*.ack”t brought us
advices, xvh.ch h id however h. d antiopated by the Stea
mer l.verpool; these advices howiver slioxv no great
chenge at l.lvcrj * «•!, N\ Ik re the; rtiele s much loxvor than
with us; the accoun's xvere consider'd tiK>re l.txorable,
and had a g< od elfect m tiiat market. Tlie accounts
have caused our holders to sell.
AA’e rstim it” our stock at **3,000 bales noxv, I" lievitig
tli it tli • sales of the week Ii ivj been taken out the mar
ket.”
“ IIavr::, Siutemrer. *20, l*-‘f.\—Our (’otten market
r; in i'll very qu ef. V. sterdiy .Messrs. Rollisdold had
not xC't agnMil t" take up th” drafts of the Hank of the
U. S., as had h**en generally rejiorte l. They are to
give a ] ositive answer on Monday next.”
Pt/. vrro F.n.MoM’S, pres.di iit«». the Union S(h)nvin • .
bark, at R dim al, V.i. roomily absconded x\.t;i b .ut
830,0«)0 m slini-plaslers, heion r ng t • tin* sai l i oi o r .
He left a W.le and three mterentil g dnldr. n I ellilid
him
X l»UO( I.A JIATIOV
(•nii':;i:i:
Hy (jKOUUi: It. (tll.MF.Il, Gur. nwr „f *„id fifn/r.
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