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[KIluM THE GEORGIA COURIER.]
Mempkia Branch llallroail.
Nothing is more certain tlinn that tliia rooil will
•vcntually bo built. Can it bn possible that when
the Statu ltailroad shall have approached within
tifleen miles of tho headwaters of he Coosa river,
and that extensive region of country which it wa.
tars will remain inditferunt to n connexion which
will open it to the best markets in the Southern
Stales ? Assuredly not.—“ But Itmv asks the
sceptic can we build a Railroad? W’hertkis the
money ?" My friend wo ask no money. A new
era has arrived in the history of Railroads ; we
have leurned to build them without money. Floyd
eounty alone contains 001) voters, of whom we say
400 arc able bodied men. To grade the railroad,
it will be necessary to move Oti.tlOO cubic yards tin
average distance of 100 yards. An able bodied
ntsn can excavate and convey in a wheel burrow
with great ease, lOcubic yards, 100 yards in a day.
It would therefore take one man O'dOO days ; 50
men 184 days ; 100 92 days ; 200 men, 45 days ;
800 men, 301 days; four hundred men, 20 days.
Whut need wo llton of money ? Let every titan
tako up his pick and shovel, und bring his own meat
and bread, und in a month the work i9 accomplish,
cd.
Rut you say this is surely exaggeration. It is in
a degree. One thirtieth part is rock excavation.
Wo might also encounter in the excavations, a har
der material than is estimate I. Hut allowing for
every contingency, 400 men (that is to sav the able
bodied men of Floyd cuunty, could build the Mein,
phis Branch Railroad in three months.
Wc treat this subject in this manner for the pur-
pose of illustration. We du not suppose that there
are 400 men in Floyd cuunty, who could or would
devote three months labor to this object. Wc w ish
to show that the road can bo built in an incredible
short lime. Wo do believe however that there are
50 men who own 50 negroes, and these could be
placed upon tho road with tools to work with, und
food to sustain them ; and the o.vners not ssriously !
feel their absence front the plantation.
The Railroad is located, and itiiuutu calculations
have been entered into ; there is no mistake in the
above estimate of the amount of work to be done.
The Road is 37jj miles long ; 10 miles of tho dis.
lance, the excavations or embankments are under
5 inches , 4 miles they are under three feet; leav.
ing hut 31 miles of heavy work w hich upon any ;
other road would be considered light. We then j
venture nothing in say that 50 hands can grade the
road and get out the timber, (obtained near the !
rood) for a single track, in one year.
We ask then of our fellow citizens of Floyd j
county will they not take an interest in tho matter. |
Several now stand ready to place Iron) 0 to 10 j
hands each upon the work. By concert of action
the whole may bo speedily accomplished.
But having demonstrated the entire practicabili.
ty of grading our road, and preparing the super,
structure without money, another bugbear presents
itself in the shape of iron. Well, wc can do with,
out iron too. We confess we do not like it; but
railroads have operated very successfully upon
wooden tracks. Ours is well situated to sue eeil ;
it can have no rival; and being the connecting link
between the Stale road and the Coosa river, tt is
not to be supposed that either travellers or freight
would forsake it for common road conveyance.
Until then the business demands nil iron track we
can use a temporary one ; and w hen needful we
may be assured of our power to substitute iron.
But after all this is done—when the cars are in
operation and the steamboat paddling up and down
the river, it is again asked, “what have you to car
ry?” where are your passengers, freight die. ?
Persons who ask these questions loose sight of the
first great argument in favor of Intel nal Improve,
ntents; we mean their creatine power. They ex.
cite enterprise invito business, multiply travel! and j
scatter benefits innumerable along their way. It K
altogether owing to peculiar circumstances that
this is now one of the greatest throughlnres in the!
United States, Tho Indian title in what is known
as the Cherokeo section of Georgia and Alabama,!
remaining unextinguished long after the adjoining;
districts, were populated by the whiles ; that trade ;
and travel which would naturally have passed i
through this section, was diverted from it by the :
dangers in the transit; and now that this objection 1
is removed, custom has so strong a hold upon a peo. j
pie, that no rapid change in this direction w as to be
expected. This however the section through, which
the travel of North Alabama, and the adjacent .
parts of Tennessee and Mississippi must eventually
pass, going to the South Atlantic, or the North, for
it is the nearest route to the first, and the most ex. ]
peditious to the second.
We have then a prospect that a very heavy trnv-
el will pass over our road ; but as wo had "rather \
count upon certainties than contingencies, we w ill '
content ourselves with such an amount of travel, as
all will concede to us.
Suppose tho road graded and track laid, by 50 ,
hands in a year, as above estimated. Allowing" 810 I
a month for hire ; the same for board and clothing; I
adding the same again, to be perfectly safe, and the i
cost of each hand will bo $30 per month ; tais will j
cover all expenses, including pick, shovels, etc.
Each hand will cost at the estimate $350 per tut.!
burn ; or 50 hands $ 18,000. Add to this for con. I
tingencics, land damages, engineering expenses;:
cars, horses, etc., say $22,000, (and it is a singular
Railroad truly where the contingencies exceed the '
cost of grading and superstructure.) 940.000 then
in round numbers will be the cost of road to oper- J
ate with horse power upon a wuoden track, 4.5tlts
of which will be paid for in Stock. The interest I
of this at 8 per cent, would be $3,200 ; add $5000
for expenses for superintendence, horses, and un
foreseen items,—we have $8,200 the income ne
cessary to be received to enable the mad to pay 8
percent. The travel, and transportation of titer-'
cltandise of the counties of Flnvd and Chattooga in
Georgia; Benton, Talladega,$t: Clair, and Cher
okee in Alabama; six Cuumies (watered by the
Coosa river) which will undoubtedly debouch tit
Romo will certainly guarantee this receipt.
In view then, of the perfect prncticnhilty of the
Memphis Branch Railroad, the ease with which it
nitty bu built by Floyd county alone, and the cer- i
laiuty that it will pay a fair prpfil, will our citizens
hesitate longer to embark in the enterprise ? We i
have sutd nothing of the enhanced value it will con- I
fer on real cstute, tho capital tnat will concenlrnti-
at Rome, and the market that will be created for |
the sale of merchandise and produce. To dwell
upon all this would require more space than wc I
think proper to occupy in otic number of our pa. |
per.
Enough has been said, we hope, to draw atten. |
lion to the subject; it will bo resumed from time to j
time if necessary. We trust, however, that this
will NOT be required; and think tliut wo perceive
sufficient indications of such a disposition among j
our citizens us warrants the bulief that action not
weans will bo the next step in thu matter.
A Useful Hint*—Instead of sndering the
washerwoman to throw out the soap suds ubmil the
kitchen floor, make her pour them, ns made, into
a bntrel in your garden, and wuter yuur plants of
all kinds with them.
‘1 live in Julia's eyes,’ said ait affectionate dandy
in Cohintii's healing, •! don’t Wonder at it !' re-
plied George, •since I observed she had a stye in
them when I saw her last! !'
No, Thank You.—When the celebrated artist,
David, hud completed his largo and splendid pic.
turc of the Coronation of Napoleon, a connisscur
remarked to him, that he had represented tho Em.
press Josephino much too young. "Go and tell
Iter so I" replied David.
The use of tar in the Eastern Suites, for waggon
and coacltes, is now, or soon will be, entirely
superseded by tlie introduction of n composition of
hog’s lard and wheat flour. To prepare the mix.
turn, the lard must be melted ovor a gentle fire, and
the dour stirred in until tho iard becomes of the
consistency of paste.
A Uenutrfut Speech.
The Natchoz Free Trader contains a report of
a speech of Col. Gong, thu celebrated half breed
eliiuf of tho Choctaws, madu in reply toj. .1, Me
Rak, Esq., the agent for enrolling itnd emigrating
the Indians to the west of the Mississippi, who hud
made n speech to tho Indians, ahout ono thousand
in number, nsscmblod at Hopuhka. informing thum
that "their council fires could no more bu kindlutl
here that "their warriors can Inivu no field for
lltuir glory, nnd that their spirits will decay within
them;” nod that if they should “take thu Imml of
their great father, Ihe I'rustdent, which is now
otrured to them to lead them tn their western
homes, then will their hopes bu higher, lltuir lie.
tinies brighter."
The Natchez Courier appropriately says of this
bit of eloquence that, for comprehensiveness and
brevity, for beauty of diction nnd force, foruftecting
sublimity nnd propriety of sentiment,-we have
never seen any production to exceed it. Wc
publish it us a composition worthy to bo preserv-
ud.
S perch of Col. Cobb.
Head Mingo of Choctaws cos' of the Mississippi, in
reply to the Agent of the United Stales.
Brother: Wo 'have heard you talk as from
the lips of our father, the g-cat White Chief nt
Washington, and my people have called upon lilt
to speak to you. The red man hits no books, and
when lie wishes to make known his views, lik
his fathers before hint, ho speaks from his
mouth. He is afraid of writing. When he speaks.
he knows what he suvs; the Great Spirit
hears him. Writing is the invention of tin
imlo faces-; it gives birth to error and to feuds.
The Great Spirit talks—we hear him in the thunder
—in the rushing winds, and tho mighty waters—
but ho nover writes.
Brother: When yotl were young we were
strung; we fought by your side ; but our arms
are now broken. You have grown largo. My
people Itnvu become small.
Brother : My voice is weak ; you can scarce!
hour me ; it is not the shout of a wurrior, but th'
wail of an infant. I have lost it in mourning ove
the misfortunes of my poople. These are their
graves, mid in those aged pines you hear the ghosts
of the departed. Their ashes uro here, nnd we
have been left to protect them. Our warriors are
nearly all gone to tho far country west; but here
are our dead. Shall we go too, and give their
bones to tile wolves ?
Brother: Two sleeps have passed since wo
heard you talk. We have thought upon it. You
ask us to leave our country, and toll us it is our
Father’s wish. We would not desire to displease
our Father. Wc respect him, mid you his child.
But the Choctaw always thinks. We want time to
answer.
Brother : Our hearts are full. Twelve winters
ago our chiefs sold our country. Every warrior
that you see here was opposed to the treaty. If
thu dead could have been counted, it could
vurhnvc been made; but f alas ! .though they
stood around, tney could not bu seen or heard.—
Their tears emtie in the rain drops, und their voi
ces in tho wailing wind, but the pale luces knew it
not. and our land was taken away.
Brother : Wo do not now complain. The Choc
taw suffers, but lie never weeps. You hnvu the
strong arm, and we cannot resist. But the pule
face worships thu Grunt Spirit. So docs the red
man. Thu Great Spirit loves truth. When you
took our country, you promised us laud. There
is your plomiso in the book. Twelve times have
the trees dropped their leaves, and yet we have
received no land. Our houses have been taken
from us. The white man’s plough turns up
tho bones of our fathers. Wo dale not kindle
our fires; and yet you said we might remain and
you would give us land.
Brother : Is this truth ? But wo believe, now
our Great Father ktiftws our condition, he will lis
ten to :ik. We are as .-mourning orphans in nnr
country ; but our Father will lake us by the hand.
When he fulfils his promise, we will linswet his
talk. He means well. We know it. But wo
cannot think now. Grief has made children of us.
When our business is settled we shall be men again
and talk to our Great Father about what he Inis
proprosed.
Brother : You stnttd in tho tnocasins of a great
chief; you speak the word of a mighty nation,
and your talk was long. My people are small;
their shadow scarcely reaches to your knee;
they are scattered and gone : when I "shout 1 hear
my voice in the depths of the woods, but no answer,
ing shout comes back. My words, therefore, m e
few. I have nothing more to say, hut to tell what
I have snid to the tall chief of the pale faces
whose brother* stands by your side.
"tViltinm Tyler, of Virginia, brothiT It. the President of the
limit'd Stales recently u|i|iutnte,l one ol the Cbuctinv Coinmis-
SuitotcAt. Operation.—Wo learn that nn ex
ceedingly delicate operation was performed ul the
Hospital in this city on Wednesday last, by Dr. I’.
W. Ellsworth, a surgeon of Hartford. Tho sub
ject was a girl eleven years of age, of Ilumpreys-
ville, w ho was horribly deformed from a burn
which she received when three years of age. The
scar covered the whole of one side of the neck,
extending from the left ear to the middle of thu
chin, and again from the[interio - to the posterior
end of the collar bone. By tho contraction of the
skin the lower lip was completely turned out near,
ly to the bottom of the chin, and the jaw was drawn
down to the breast so that thu position of the low.
er teeth was horizontal. Dr. E. divided tho scar
anu brought Ihe jaw and lip up to its proper posi-
lion ; but this left a large gaping wound which
was necessary to fill, at,d this was done by cutting
n strip ol skin large enough to answer the purpose
from the shoulder ; this strip, several inches in
length and breadth, was not entirely detached, but
was connected at one end where it was twisted and
then laid over the wound, the fleshy substance of
course down ; and the wound was then bound up.
Tile wound on the shoulder was carefully drawn
together and the patient is doing well. She bore
the tedious and painful dissection with great for-
titude. The entire operation we learn wus never
performed in Europe and never before in New
.England. It is not unusual to release such con.
traction of the skin by the knife ; but Dr. Muter,
of Philadelphia, first attempted to cover thu wound
from the adjoining skill, it has been tried five or
six times in the country since with success, and it
is believed that the first case in New England will
result satisfactorily. Dr. Ellsworth hits been very
successful in other delicate operations, and takes a
high rank in his profession.
New Haven Palladium.
Arre-toftiie British Counsel at Mobile.
A personal altercation occurred a few days ago in
Mobile between Col. Fitzgerald, tho British Con.
sul at that port, and Thomas Stringer, Esq., Jus.
lice of tho Peace, relative to certain legal proceed,
ings against a man charged with stealing a bout
from the British ship Elizabeth. Thereupon a
warrant was issued on complaint of Mr. Stringer,
und the Consul was summoned' to answer before
the Mayor to the charge of "riotous proceedings
and disorderly conduct." Col, Fitzgerald was ur.
rested on Thursday nnd incarcerated in tho same
cell with a British sailor accused of mutiny and
confined by order of the Consul. His puckets
were searched and he wus treated in every respect
like a common culprit. Protesting against this
treatment, lie was told he would he admitted to bail,
which, however, and after nn hour’s confinement,
he was brought before the Mayor, whu imposed a
fine of twenty dollars on him, which was im.
mediately discharged by suvcrul respectable citi
zens.
It is said that a full statement of the citso has
Iiecn transmitted to Mr. Fox at Washington.—
Tito Herald speaks of the litter lack of courtesy
which distinguished the entire proceeding in be.
coming terms of reprobation.
New Orleans Bee.
'I'M tilie^W qphr. jlpiViureBh Milrr,i%| throw
s blame olwuir own rP.ravdq;Vi'c'^sfpitn tw ”
lugs is n rAnrknblu Instance ol'Viat bold re
liance on the glllihilily of their party which Inis
been exhibited on various occasions bufore. Thu
whole history of our currency troubles might be
tddoccd to show how the Whigs, whose only ob
ject was to sustain utt existing currency known
to he good., were made to bear the blame of those
very disorders created in thu currency by their
opponents. Tho State Banks were once in high
favour with the Jackson party, and the Whigs
were denounced for their alleged enmity Inward
the State Batiks. Next, when the pet Bank sys
tem exploded, the Whigs were charged with be
ing thu upholders of the rotten Slate Bunks, and
all Ihe evils of a depreciated currency were
charged upon' them. 'Pile Jackson.Van Bureti
party have been for and against State Banks—for
and nguiust tho Sub Treasury—yet in each change
thu disasters caused by their vacillating and ill.
judged policy have been imputed to thu Whigs.—
The Jucksoti.Van lluren parly were in power for
twelve years, and during that period the currency
from being the best became the worst in the worid;
tho cutmtry from a state of high prosperity fell in
to a collapse so frightful as to denote almost the
agonies of dissolution ; yet to this hour the mass
of thu Jncksoti-Vnu Buren party tiro madu to he
lieve most potently that every evil w hich the laud
has suffered (rom bad government was caused,
wholly, solely, and entirely by thu Whigs. In pro
portion us the eyes of tho "democracy” have been
closed to facts tint! realities, their cars have been
opened to impositions und misrepresentations.
Against such obstinate infatuation whut exposi
tions of facts, wluit reasonings, wlmt proofs can
uvuil ? With multidudes nothing would avail, but
the reaction of 1840 showed that all in the ranks
of that party wore not impervious to the force of
facts.
We alluded some days ago to u deliberate at
tempt, made by a shew of tables marked official,
to lay at tho door ofllie Whigs the responsibility’
of tho national debt now existing, and to fasten up.
on them thu charge of extravagance in the public
expenditures. The tables purported to show that
the public debt at the close of Mr. Vat; Boren’s ltd.
ministration amounted to $7,489,692, and that tho ,
amount on the 13th of February, 1843, was 827,-j
399.211, Thu inference wus then drawn lliiti]
during the two years ofa Whig Congress the pub
lic debt was increased about twenty millions of dol
lars. These exhibits were furnished to the Nash
ville Union tty Mr. Cave Johnson, a Van Buren
member ol" Congress from Tennessee ; an elabor
ate article was published in connection with them
under the head of " Who are the Plunderers /” and
the whole was copied in the Ricttmond En
quirer as a fair representation of facts.
In the Nashville Banner of thu 3rd instant «
letter is pulislted from Mr. Curuthurs, of Tennessee,
a Whig member of the late Congress, exposing
the real truth of tho matter, and giving an accurate
statement of thu case. By utt official exhibit laic
before thu House of Rcprusentivcs, August 10, 18-
42, it is shown tliut thu liabilities of thu Treasury
on the 4th of March, 1841, including appropriations
and outstanding Treasury nutes, amounted to 835,
527,325, mid that the cash on band to meet these
liabilities amounted to $SG2.055. Thirty fee and
a half millions, then, instead of seven and a half,
constituted tile legacy of dehl bequeathed by the
Van Burutt administration to its successor, with
lets titan a million in the Treasury to meet it.—
Tho seven and a half millions, named distinctly
"Public debt,” consisted of Treasury notes mire-1
deemed and other items other than appropriations, j
Mr. Curuthurs says :
"It Col. Johnson had called upon Mr. Smith (Regis
ter of the Treasury) tor thu amount the Government
owed when Mr. Van Burutt went out on the 4th of March
18ft, and which had to he paid by the Whigs it) dol
lars, independent ul any appropriations they might af.
tcrwnnls find it their duty to make instead of using the
term "Public debt,” which is well understood to have
a confined, and particular moaning, in the- Treasury,
he would have boon answered by a communication such
as Doc. No. 281. But in that uvout it would not have
beon regarded os a duty "to tho citizens of our Stale"
perhaps, to make the publication. But is it not palpa
ble that thirty four millions money was as difficult, to
pay under any other name as that of "Public Debt, and
that the seven millions under that head of the De
mocratic debt thrown ever upon the Whigs was no
more burtliensomo in proportion to amount titan the re
maining twenty seven millions under other heads.—
Now it is submited to a candid public whether it is
pardonable to attempt thus to make political capita! bv I
sucli suppressions of trui It, and garbled statements ol
facts as we seedaily practised by the Loco Focn party ,
leaders on the subject ol present public debt, as well as!
other subjects. It is utterly impassible that any ono
of them, 1 mean the leaders, can be ignorant of the fact
that that addition of twenty millions madu by the
Whigs to the public debt proper, was motley borrowed
and treasury note- issued to pay the liabilities restu>i r
on the treasury 4th March 1841, and for the necessary
supportof the Government on the scale tt was left bv
tin m after applying all the resources fur which they
have provided, wait tho additional means from the tariff
ofllie Extra Session.
Some other facts may bn here submitted :o illus-
truto tlie actual extent ofllie Van Buren expendi
tures ami those of the Wiiig Congress respectively.
Thu appropriations for 1837, the first year of Mr.
Van Huron's administration, amounted to 834.375..
325; for tho your 1839, to $38,413.004 ; f„r the
year 1939, tn $38.9(12,242 ; lor the year 1840, to
$23,098,032—making in till for Mr. Van Huron's
four yours un aggregate of 8133,317.205. This
aggregate averages something over thirty-three
millions a year for tin- four years. Now tlie ap
propriations ofllie Whig Congress for a year unit a
half from the first of January 1842, to Bin first of
July 1943, amount to $24,499,255, which is ut the ;
rate ol a little over sixteen millions a year, about'
one half of the average of Mr. Van Butun’s admin-!
istraliou.
There is another fact which is very well known.
When Mr. Vint Burutt came into power there was
a latge surplus in tho Treasury; tho last instalment
due to tho States umlor the act to distribute tin*
surplus revonue wus also retained ; and tin* sale
of the government stock in the Bunk of the United
Suites yielded anutner largo sum. Those extra
monies, to an amount of between twenty and thiri
millions.—it has been staled at upwards of thirty,
one millions, but not having tire stutistirs ut hand, I
wo leave the amount indefinite,—wore all expended !
during Mr. Van Duron’s tour years ; tho revenues j
accruing in that period worn all expended ; and a !
heavy debt of Treasury notes and appropriations I
unprovided for was left to tire succeeding admin. |
istration. With such lavish expenditures another j
consideration is to be added—that it is imposible !
to discover what substantial improvements re-1
mniuod in any manner corresponding to such pro
fuse disbursements of tiro public money.
Bull, Amer.
Ploughing for Corn.—Tiro American Farmer
says :—In ploughing up corn und outs ground, tiro
furnmr should neither sparer his team or iris plough,
us I bo deeper ire goes thu better prepared will iris
soil be to sustain tiro crop sown upoir it. It is a
fuct that cuttuol bo disputed, that corn planted on
ground deeply ploughed, always stands drought
better, looks green and healthy longer, und nine
times out of ten will yield more fodder and more
grain, rhun that which is planted in shallow plowed
ground. There is no mystery us to tire reason ; it
is us obvious ns that two and two make four. The
roots penetrate beyond tiro depth at which, by
evaporation, cartlr becomes deprived of its mois.
ture, and find in store for them that necessary in-
gredient to healthful vegetation, nnd thus escape
from tiro evil of being parched up for tiro want of
water.
A false friend is like a shadow on a dial, it ap
pears in clear weather, hut vanishes us soon us it is
cloudy.
Never speak ill of any man ; if of a good man,
it is impiety ; if a bad man, give him your pray,
crs.
Commodore Porter.— Tlie Philadelphia Guz
ette pulrlishoi lire folio wing ext ruct of a letter iron
a relative of Commodore Porter, in Constantinople
containing some interesting particulars of Iris Ins
illness and death. The Commodore had been fo
some years past in vory feeble health, and latterly
had been exceedingly prostrated. Oil the 27lli.
February iusl lie was seized with an attack ol
pleurisy and pcricuridis, which, after a few days 01
intense suffering, terminated fulully on the 3d ol
March. Tho letter proceeds to say :
Friday, March 3, 1 p. in.
The poor Commodore is no mure. lie died
•without pain und scarce a struggle, at exactly 12
meridian. To lire last we had no reason to believe
Kio was sensible. All tliut could be done by the
■most assiduous and untiring attention to relieve
him in his last moments, wus done. Nature wus
■exhausted, and to judge from his tranquility, we
may safely suy (fiat for some hours previous to his
decease ire wus insensible to pain. Me now looks
as tranquil us ifaslecp, and his count uuanco shows
not the torture he had been enduring for tiro last five
•days. Me seemed to have u presentiment for some
time past of liis approaching fate, for lie oftc.; re-
jpented to us that lie felt lie would die soon. By
his lust will Commodore Porter directed that lii>
■tody should he inerred at the foot of the Hag stuff.
This will be done. Mis body will he put in u lead,
mn cofliu with an outer one of mahogany. Coin.
Morgan will he written to, to request aim to send
•u vessel of war to convey the remains to tho Uni
aed Slates as it would he very improper to leave*
ttlrenr here, since the property may pass into other
Stands. The morning of tire day he was taken ill,
ihe took a long ride in the carriugo he had lately
purchased. I went with him. Mo appeared to
sulfur much pain, und 1 urged him in vain to return
home. The roads were deep with mud, null us
the carriage is rather heavy for tho horses, they
were obliged to stop once or twice for breuth and
once fell; still Ire ordered the coachman to drive
on. Me leaned hack his head and groaned, as if
suffering great pain, hut uttered no complaint. On
our return Ire was completely exhausted, uud he
wus almost carried to Iris bed.
Sunday, March 5tb.
A deep grave has been dug a few yards to the
northward of the fing.stuff ; it is lined and floored
with bricks. A flooring of oaken hoards is also
laid down to prevent tiro effects of the dampness.
There will he three coffins viz :—un inner one of
lead made air tight nnd filled with rum—next n
walnut casing covered with black cloth with the
letters D. P. in brass nails on tire lid, it being found
impossible to have a silver plate engraved here.
In the grave will he placed un outer coffin in strong
deal stained hiack, in which the coffin will bu de
posited. Invitations have been issued to all the
diplomatic corps, and the Americans here for tho
funeral ceremonies, but us the weu'.hcr is had, 1
fear the attendance will he small.
Monday, March Oil), 3 P. M.
The funeral is over. It was attended by tire at-
taches of several legations and all the Americans
resident in Peru. The ministers who were not
present themselves or who had not sent represen
tatives sent letters of condolence. After the fun.
eral the Americans present assembled and passed
thu following resolutions. 1st. That they wou.d
wear crape for tho space of one month.—2d. That
letters of condolence should be sent to Mrs. Pur-
ter.—3d. That copies of resolutions should ho sent
to the Department of state, to Mrs. Porter and to
the family here. Signed bv all tho Americans in
.Peru*
Anecdote.—The Parisian correspondent of Le
'Courrier relates the following anecdote; At a
toirec given by Guizot lately, was Baron Thenard,
in illustrious chemist und a very obscure deputy,
who gave himself so many airs of importance that
all eyes were directed towards him, and there was
passed from one to the other tiie vory pleasant sou
venir of tho chemical misadventure which threw
him into the political cauldron.
Louis XVill whimed, that lie should like to have
a smattering knowledge of chemistry. M. Thenard
was sent for and requested by Ilis Majesty to show
him how water was formed by tho union of oxygen
mui hydrogen.
The Baron Thenard pul the two gasses in com-
municution, and, addressing himself respectfully
to Louis XVIII., said :
‘Sire, tho two bodies before you are about to
have tha honor of uniting in your august presence. 1
Unfortunately, the experiment proved nn nhor
tion, and the two gasses evaporated without produ-
cing water.
‘It appears,’ said Louis XVI11..'that your gases
don’t care much about the honor tliut you wished to
confer upon them.’
The Baron Thenard, confused, asked his majes
ty \s pa d n for the impertinence of the gasses, and
took refuge in his laboratory, where Ins vexation
vented itself upon some unfortunate glass tubes.—
From that moment M. Thenard became ihe irrecon
cilable enemy oj Louis X VIII,
Domestic Influence.—Guaid your children
against any injurious influence ut home. Sillier no
person to live in your families, whose sentiments,
or hubits, or manners, or had temper, may cor
rupt your children. Guard the domestic influence
as the upple of your eye. Have no persons m your
house wiio will tell ilium foolish stories, sing them
fuoiish songs, talk to them about witches, or any
thing of any name or nature which ought not to
come before their youthful minds.
Superiority of Agricultural Success.—
There is u beautiful circumstance connected with
agricultural emulation. In many of the pursuits
of life, one man gets rich by making another man
poor. Me climbs the ladder by putting his foot on
another man’s shoulder; or he builds his own
dwelling out of the fragments of his neighbors,
whom he has undermined. This is often u
crying injustice,nnd inflicts many hitter moriificn.
tious, or arouses vindictive and tiger passions.—
Emulation in ngricul’uraI improvement enkindles
no such baleful fires. A man can make no im
prnvements in husbandry, without at once extend,
ing tho knowledge and ud vantage of them to others.
The enlargement of the capacities of the soil, and
every increase of its productions, confers im
mediate benefit upon the whole community.
Col man's Address,
The Food of Different Nations.—Other na
tions abstained from eating parts oi certain animuls
us well us the Jews, from a religious principle ;
neither the Assyrian nor the Egyptian ate any fish
und tlie priests of the latter nation used no meut
nor drink imported from foreign countries ; and a»
to the product of their own exclusive fish, tney
abstained from beasts that have u round foot, or di
vided into several toes, or that have no horns ;
and birds that live upon flesh. The Egyptians nc
counted especially swine’s flesh unclean; who.
soever touched ono,though in passing by only wash-
ed himself and his clothes. The luw of Moses,
then, had nothing new or extraordinary on ibis
point; the design of it was to keep tho people
within reasonable hounds, distinct from other nn.
lions, by placing impediments in tho way of their
forming social intercourse with them ; uud the
abstaining from particular sorts of meat contribut
ed also to the preservation both of their heulth nnd
morals.—Muyel's History of the Jews.
Remedy for Sore Teats and Inflamed Ud-
ders.—White lend and sweet oil are excellent lor
cracked cr sore teats of milch cows.
Flax seed oil, well rubbed on the udder when
influmed and cracked, w ill allay inflammation und
soften tlie hardness of the bag. Rub well twice a
day until the inflammation subsides.
With much respect,
E. Carpenter.
The Mount Vernon nsiaie is now in llio posses-
■ion and residence of Mrs. John A. Washington,
widow of a nephew of Gen ral George Washing*
ton.
[FROM THE BOSTON DAILY TIMES, APRIL 19.]
ARRIVAL OF THE BRITANNIA!
12 Days later from England.
Tho Steamer Britannia, arrived nt her wharf
in East Boston, at 1 1-2 o’clock Wednesday morn
ing—thus making the passage in little more than
14 days. She made the trip from Halifax in 30-
hours- -the quickest on record.
Commodore Porter, the United States Minister
at*Constantinople, died there on the 3d March.
The Britannia brought 04 passengers from.
Liverpool to llulifax and Boston, und 18 from
Halifax.
Mr. Fcuthcrstoiihaugli came passenger in this-
Steamer.
The new ‘‘Hibernia,” is advertised to leave-
Liverpool on the 19th.
The custom house duties at Liverpool for two
days of lust week amounted [to £50,000.
Shod; of Earthquake,—A fortnight ago a slight
shock of earthquake wus very sensibly felt in
many parts of Lanc'iashire, Chusire, and Ireland.
The shock took place in Liverpool about ono o’
clock in the morning, uud so violent was it that
many persons were aroused from their slum
bers.
The Packet ship Oxford.—The ship Oxford
which arrived at Liverpool on the 1st inst., ex
perienced u remurkuhle whirlwind on her passage
hither. At the lime of its occurrence, tlie ship
was under singlo reefed topsails, with hut little sea
running. There were no appearances to indicate
an increase of wind, suddenly the foremast was ta-
ken off by the hoard. The whirlwind did not ex
tend to the afterpart of the ship ; simply carrying
with it the foremast. One hand wus lost over
board.
The Manchester market for goods has been in a
very healthy state throughout tho month, nnd a
large husmesss done, especially in the plain fabrics
adapted for India and China. The price* are firm,
and most of the factories working to order. The
cflects of the heavy urrivals of cotton, (280.491)
hales) lining tlie largest import ever known, hav
ing been anticipated by the previous fall in prices
have had little influence upon tho murket. The
general impression is that prices may improve, hut
cannot go lower.
'I’lie French journals are principally occupied
with the debates on various questions which the op-
position have mooted in order to test the strength
of the administration. On third of March, the
ministry obtained u majority of 45 on tiie question
that the amount of the Secret Service Fund should
he maintained. In the Peers, on the same ques
tion, the majority in favor of the ministry wus
98.
Liverpool, April 3.
In the early part of the past month the wind
wus costwardly,"which prevented arrivals, nnd hut
a moderate business was done in cotton during
that period ; but on the 13th there was a change,
and in two weeks tho imports were 210,642 hales.
This supply gave the manufacturers an opportunity
of buying to the full extent of their immediate
consumption, besides adding to their stocks of the
raw material at very little change in prices, though
nt the same time speculators never left the market
encouraged by the low prices, and a rumor from
the United States which seemed to gnin pretty gen
eral credit, that that crop would exceed 2,000.000
bales. In two weeks the sales extended to the en
ormous quuutity of 108,180 bales with prices un-
changed except for real good Uplands, Orleans and
Mobile, which were in demand fur exports at a i iso
of ^ a 2d per lb.
“ The news just received by the Great Western
from New-York, dated 16th March, confirms the
receipts in the ports of the United States of 1,670,.
094 hales already, and the shipments to this coun-
try of 701,752 hales, being nearly douhlo that of
the previous year; and further confirming the
crop at 2.250,000 hales at least. This being tho
case, nil purties lately acting have become stagger-
od and confounded. There has been so little time
since the arrival of the Great Western, on Satur
day, say one and a halfdays, to work u change, that
it is impossible to say what the effect will eventual-
ly prove ; but this l may venture to state, that sev-
eral holders were willing to sell on Saturday even
at tt decline of J to;[d per lb* from the previous
currency.
“ I quote Uplands 3J n 5]d ; Mobile 3$ a 5d ;
Orleans 3 a G.|, and a few over. Tlie operations
in Sea Islands for tho four weeks are only 7U0
white and 1000 hags stained, thu white from a
13jd, chiefly 9 a 1 Id. In extra fine qualities I hear
of no sales in this market. On Friday next there
will he put up hy auction 1200 hales wliito
and stained there being little demand by pri
vate*
“Tiie business being done in Manchester is more*
favorable both for the spinner an manulactucr than
for some time past. Goods are scare and nd-
vuncing in price, and yarns move olF freely at old
rates.
“ Consols are 90i) a 97 ; Bank of England
Stock 186 a 186} ; Discount easy at 2 a 2} per
cent.
“ Sales tho last two days 9000 hales prices J a ^
down.”
Later From England.
ARRIVAL OF TUB BRITISH STEAMER AT
BOSTON.
Yesterday’s mail brought us accounts from England
to the 4tli uist., received at Boston by the Br. S'earner
Britannia.
We are indebted to tiie Boston and New York edi
tors for aljps, and have also received our regular files
ol English and French papers to the latest dale.
Tho nows is of the more cheering character than has
reached us lor some time. The cotton market has
been well oustained in the laceol a tremendous import,
and speculators have entered into purchases free
ly. Tho manufacturing advices are also favorable;
and altogether commercial affairs wear a healthy as
pect.
Wc have made copious selections of the political
news, and relcr our readers to the letters and extracts
which will be Lund below, for a full statement of thu
markets.
“Liverpool, April 3.
Since wo last addressed you our cotton market has
been very animated, sales often reaching 10,000 to 15,-
(KM) haies per day. Tha demand has been freely met
liy holders. Prices have been irregular, speculators
paying | a j per II). for large lots more than could bo
obtained when small lots were pressed on the market.
The consumption of North American cotton is now ve
ry large, us the relatively low price of it encourages its
substitution for other descriptions. About 130,000 bales
are supposed to be held up the country, but as the trade
have a good opinion of cotton, they will probably, at
those luw prices, 6c inclined to keep up their Btuck.
The accounts received at the ports had already reach
ed 1,074,000 bales,and the large estimates of ihe crop,
! just received, have caused buyers to offer prices ^ a \
per lbs. low er than they were previously giving. Some
holders have consequently withdrawn their stocks. Wo
should mention that operations are based on an esiima*
ted crop of 2,000000 a 2,200,000 bales. There has
been a fair demand tor Sea Island co'ton, and a sa.e is
advertised for Friday next, which will lor the time fix
prices, some think lower than their present range, par
ticularly for ordinary descriptions. There has been a
good demand for Goods and Yarns, suitable for export,
nut some difference of opinion exists as to whether
there is any s.gn of improvement hi the home trade.
Spinners and manufacturers are complaining less than
lias beon the case for Fome year*. To the 31st March
the import lias been 1913—195.3179 hales ; 1842—392,"
073 bales. Stock, 1843—606,200 bales. 1842,-533..
300 bales. Taken for consumption, 1843—329,030
bales, weekly 25,310 bales ; 1942—208,7*20 lbs, week-
ly 20,672 bales. Sales of the week 50,030 bales, of
which 23,000 bales were to speculators, and 3.4(H) hales
for export, On Saturday 4.000 bales were sold at prices
perhaps a shade lower. To-day the sales have been
4,000 hales, ami in some instances prices a shade lower
were submitted to this afternoon, though tins was not
general.”
Specie—Them was brm.gnt m tho Briltannin,
it Boston, 92,291,875, in specie. And there were
fifteen boxes and one purcul of gold, of which tiie
amount was nut given.
“In rnnttc-sof business, if you can help it, as,
fur ns possible never commit yourself by speaking
first; und on no account commit yourself by speak*
ing hastily.”
A Noble Woman—When R. 8. Graves, the |^
treasurer of Mississippi, absconded a few wctk»
ago. his account showed a deficit of about 8140^-
000 of the two and three pnf cent funds, Tlrfg
sum it was believed he took with him, or Ir^
converted previously. Whihnlie city of Jackson
was in a suite of excitement in relation to Col.
Shelton’s suicide, the day after llmt distrcKning
event took place, Mrs. Graves, the wife of the flcii
treasurer, sent word to G*»v. Tucker that the mo.
ncy belonging to the State was in her |>osM*ssj„„ f
nnd requested him to call ami receive it. Accum.
pnnivd by several gentlemen, the Governor waited
on Mrs. Graves, who, after politely receiving tlu<in
brought forward a bug of gold nnd a bundle of Uni.
ted States Treasury Notes, which, on counting,
amounted to $95,305,20, and were forthwith dt*.
Itvered to Governor Tucker. Oid Trcnsuiy war.
runts were found in the office, amounting to five or
six thousand dollurs, which together with the funds
turned over by Mrs. Graves, reduced her husband’*
defalcation to $46,000.
Wc know that integrity is the proud character!*,
tic of woman, nnd that its exercise under the must
trying circumstances is hy no means rare ; hut the
conduct of Mrs. Graves, after being abandoned by
her husband, nnd sharing the dishonor of his name,
in voluntarily returning to the Slate this large
amount, abstracted hy its officer, while she knew
that soon the law would take from her every dollars’
worth of property to pay her husband’s forfaited
bond, deserves to be recorded on pillars of brass
and tablets of gold. She has not only ho.
nor on her lovely sex. but has secured i\>r herself
and children, in despite of the crime of the husband
nnd the father, a passport which will confer r e -
rpcctahility any where.—Tuscaloosa Monitor,
Surgical Operation and Mesmerism.—A very
interesting and satisfactory demonstration of ths
value of the magnetic influence in Surgery was
shewirnn Friday last.
A vour.g Indy who has been distressed for a long
time with a polypus in her nose, hud it removed
while in tlie magnetic sleep.
She was put into thnt state by Dr. Gibbs, and tho
' operation performed hy Dr. S. Fair, in presence of
Dr. T. Wells and several oilier persons.
During the operation, which is n very painful one
ordinarily, she evinced no symptom of conscious
ness. Tiie tumor was removed hy lacerating it
with the forceps and taken a way hy pieces, und Dr.
F. informs us that he intentionally used more forco
than usuai, to test the extent of the insensibility.
Immediately after, n curved metalie probe was pas.
sed into her throat through the nostril without her
flinching at all. When the Inst portion was rernov.
ed. her organ of mirthfulness was excited and she
• laughed heartily, and tune w as excited and she sung.
After tlie bleeding was over, her arms were both
paralyzed by Dr. Gibbs, and left so. She was then
uwuked, and they remained so until their rigidity
and insensibility had been satisfactorily tested,when
they were relieved hy the operator. All present
were convinced of the success of the experiment,
and we have the authority of three physicians for
the truth of the above report.—Columbia So. Car,
Chronicle,
Change of th • s la t e ^“siiutlou.
It should he borne in mind that Uie lust Lcgisla-
1 ture of this State passed an act altering the third
■ and seventh article of the Constitution proposing a
very great reduction of the number of members
both of the Senate and Mouse of Representatives.
This alteration is now before the people for tnoir
cousiderat on uud u waits hut the expression of their
* approbation, through their representatives in the
next Legislature to become a part of the instru
ment. Fliere can he no doubt that a large major
ity ofllie people are convinced tliut the number of
members ut present composing the General Assent*
bly is too great; hut former propositions for re-
Auction have been accompanied hy provisions so un-
fair uud impolitic tliut they huve been uniformly re
jected. No ultorimtivo which proposes to change
the Constitutional basis of representation would ho
sanctioned hy the people of Georgiu, nor would any
however fully it might accomplish tho end. which
looked more to the preservation of party nscondoli.
cy than to retrenchment in the public expenditures,
and hence the rejection of tho alterations proposed
hy the Conventions which have to effect this object.
The proposition now before ino peoph uppeurs to ho
free from boih these objections. It provides that tho
•Senate sliuli consist of 47 members, one from eve
ry two contiguous Counties, and leaves to a future
Legislature to designate hy law the counties which
sliuli compose a Senatorial district. It further pro*
vides that tho Mouse of Representatives shall be
composed ol one hundred und thirty members, each
county being entitled to one member und the thir
ty-seven counties having the greatest representa
tive population to have one additional member.
This alteration if adopted would greatly reduce the
expenses of the State, facilitate the business of leg
islation, increase the responsibility of the members
und leave at home the mob of unfledged, bulf-piut
Stuiesm. n, (a disgrace to themselves und tho
State) who congregate every winter at Milledgc-
ville. Our object is not now to picsenl arguments
in support of this proposition, we only wish to call
tlie attention of tax payers lo it sufficiently early
for them to aseorlaiu the opinions of the candidates
for the next Legislature in relation to it und wo
hope die people of this portion of the Siutc will not
permit it to escape their recollection. We bear
our full proportion of the evils of an unwield) leg
islative body uud it cannot he denied tliut we hiivo
furnished a fair amount ut leas’ of the useless and
J disgraceful portion of it.—Geo. (Rome) Courier,
Return of Wm. E. Jones.—“Yesterday morning,
| Judge* A. Hutchinson, Win. E. Jones and Samuel A*
| Maverick, who it will be remembered were taken pris-
j oners m San Antonio, Texas, in November last hy ihe
j Mexicans, arrived in this city from Ponsacola. They
arrived at ihe port last named, on the 18th msf, in nine
days from Vera Cruz, in the U. S. Slop Vincennes, F.
Buchanan, Commander. The gentlemen named above,
all owe their release to the intervention of our Minister
at Mexico, Gen. W. Thompson, and the intercession of
distinguished individuals of their acquaintance i-t
the United States. We are gratified to learn from
Judge Hutchinson, that just previous lo their sailing
from Vera Cruz, intelligence was received, which ,may
he relied upon as authentic, that George Van Ness, C.
Peterson, L. Colqueoun, John Bradley and JamesTruc*
heart, had also been released, at the instance of Gch.
Thompson, and the interposition of their friends in tins
country,
Messrs. Hutchinson and Jones give it as their deci
ded opinion that the Texan prisoners taken atMier,
were recaptured, alter making their escape from their
guard, and wc are pained lo state, that it is probable
the order of Santa Anna lo shoot every tenth man
was obeyed, and out of the 169 who were retaken,
16 were taken out for execution, though it is said
one out of the number escaped, with only a slight
wound, and alter a search in every direction! by the
Mexicans, for three days afterwards had not been dis
covered.”—Mobile Adi.
Death in the Jt ky Box.—Wo copy the following
from the St. Louis Republican of the 12th inst.
“Yesterday afternoon, Mr. W.G. Whitfield, a mem
ber of the jury of the United States court, now holding
xCbsioii in tins city, died suddenly, whilo in the jury
box, in the midst ol Ins associates. He had bccucom-
plaining for some time, of a pain in the side, and ihe
first intimation of any tiling serious being the matter
with him was his asking some out* sitting beside him to
•lake hold of Ins head, for he believed he was dying.*
These were ihe last words he spoke. He leaped h a
head over upon tlie gentleman who sat next to linn, and
to whom he had spoken, and expired immediately.
Physicians suppose tliut it was a disease of the heart lie
died of.”
Cure for Piles and Cataract.—Mr. John J. Me-
Cauglian, of Mississippi, has communicated to the
American Farmer, the following remedies for the Piles
and Cataract.—The firht we have heard recommended
on several occasions before, as being a very efficacious
remedy ; hut we apprehend that Mr. McG. has mis
apprehended the disease generally designated cataract
ot the eye or confounded it with some other, and we
therefore infer that Ins remedy applies only to those
diseases of the eye were some excrescence has grown
on the outs dc ol the eye ball.
Cost for tiie Piles.—Carrying the common buck
eye in tho psntalloons' pocket, will cure the piles or any
other inflammation about the anus. 1 cannot give a
| reason for it, but it is nevertheless certain—try it.