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. j" 11 j IION. A. II. STEPIIKN’S LKTTItH. The subjoined letter, from iho Hon. \. II. Sin. plioi.i to u gentleman of Lumpkin, from whom wo received it, with a request to publish it, will ex- plain itself. Mr. S. seems to havo become tho »pocml object of Locofoco malignity recently; and unwilling to attack his positions fairly, they liuvo resorted to all manner of gross misrepresentation. Huclt attacks, however, recoil sooner or later upon their authors.—Chronicle ij- Sentinel, Washington, I). 0., 35th Jan., 1814. lie a it Sta.—Tltuspnpor you did mo tho kindness to send jvilh your accompanying nolo of the 18lh inst. was duly red ived, and permit mo to return you my acknowledgements for tho favor. This, 1 notice is tho second time lately that tho editor of the ••P.'lhlonega Times” has thought proper to make mo occupy a '‘prominent place in his columns,”— llis remarks oil the previous occasion were brought to my attention by Mr. , ol your county. Such squibs. I assure you, havo but little effect upon me; not even enough to excite my contempt. Tho ed itor of the Times, lunv'evor, might as well, perhaps, keep cool for the present, anil not let big iro or venom exhaust itself too soon, Even vipers and other noxious reptiles are said not to he dangerous before August. It is then, by a prudently treasur ed accumulation that they themselves become blind, cd by the strength of their own virus. I hardly know, however, whether there is rnoro impudence orfolly In his affected astonishment that I do not take his principles and his men as the stan dard of my votes! When I shall bo elected lor such purpose, it will, 1 should think bo time enough lor him tosignify such a surprise! It will not be lung, I trust, (if tho majority in tho IIouso wiM permit it) before tho Turilf. which seems to he such a hug hoar in his mind, will come up in its regular order, and in some practical form and shape—when some interchange of views will be allowed—and when all debate and discussion, and even inquiry, will not he cut otf by tho ‘gag’ of the Previous question. At that time, when it comes the editor will he apt to hoar from me, and havo nil opportunity of not only seeing my votes, but al so of knowing the reasons for them; and ho will then have a fair opportunity of discharging his hat. tery against the propriety oi my votes, whetoer they chance to agree with those of the Democratic mem bers of the delegation c r not; and ho wiil then 1 ap prehend, have an ample field for the display of all itis abilities, in showing to his readers that my views mid those of the Whigs of Georgia upon this sub. ject, are less patriotic and constitutions!, or loss promotive of the interests of the people ol'their own Stale, as well as the interests ol' the people of all parts of our common country, than the views and principles entertained by the party to wnich he is attached. He may as well, therefore, keep his am munition in store, for he will have hut little to waste particularly if lie is really as ignorant as lie pretends to be, in his insinuation, that tho Whigs of Georgia profess to hold any opinion upon lho subject of tho r l*nrifTinconsistent with my votes, to which ho al luded. Tho principles of that party havo been too long, and two oiten, and loo distinctly proclaim ed to tho country, to (ail to bo understood by minds of ordinary comprehension. They are in favor of a Tarilf for revenue, ami for revenue only, to the amount necessary for tile support of lito Govern, meat, but with ,-ueh wise and judicious discrimina tions in tho manner of levying, us may make the burthen of taxation lull as lightly upon tho people as possible, and promote, as far as can ho legiti mately done in this way, ali the groat interests of tho country, w hether mechanical, mnmificiuriii", ngriculluring or shipping. They hold also, that under no regulation should the aggregate amount of duties exceed the necessary wants of the Govern ment. Tltesn are the principles of that party, as set forth in tho address of their Convention in 1842, and reallinncd by tho unanimous voto 1 believe, of tltu Whig members of tho Legis lature of the same year; the same principles tulvo- on tod by me in various parts of tiic State durin. commissioners were appointed for llinl purpose.— It wus soon perceived, however, thul the concur rence of Pennsylvania was as nocussnry to Mary land as of Muryland to Virginia, and tho concur rence of Pennsylvania wits accordingly invited.— Hut Pennsylvania could no more concur without Now York titan Maryland could without Punnsylvn. ilia, nor New York without the concurrence of Dos. ton, isc. "Those projects were suspended for lito moment by that of the Convention at Annapolis, in 1780, and forever by thu Convention at Philadelphia in 1787—and the Constitution was tho fruit o( it." Such were tho opinions of Mr. Madison upon the subject of duties being so regulated us tint to look solely to thu amount ol revenue or money to be deri- veil from them. And in accordance with the same views, Gon. Jackson, in Ins message of 1839, lays down the proper rule in such case to he, "to graduate the du ties upon the articles of foreign growth or manufac ture, so ns to place our own in a fair competition with those of oilier countries.” And in 1830, w hen speaking upon tho sntno sub ject, lie says, "that in Itis opinions lie is confirmed, as well by the opinions of President Washington. JcliursoH, Madison ami Monroe, who have each re peatedly recommended the exorcise of lito right tin- der the Constitution, ns by the uniform practice »f Congress, tno continued acquiescence of the .States ami the general understanding of the people.” Mr. Him k’s resolution was against the weight of ull thesq authorities. 1 need not consume your | lime by showing you how litis new theory would I operate ill practice, or point out the many evils I that would attend it. They would bo too numor- I ous fur a letter. Suffice it to say that under such a regulation us lie proposed, all thul class of the ne cessaries of life which arcs imported from abroad, would lie subject to the maximum or highest rate of I duty—for they would he more able to sustain tile 1 duty than any otiier description of articles. And | that is tlie only object to which his plan would look. Necessaries, you know, all must have—let them I cost what they may, or lito duty on them over so high. And yet who has forgotten thu clamor rais ed from a certain quarter, a few years ago, against the proposed duty on Tea and Coffee—which, by the by wus not imposed—these articles, by the pre sent mode of disci hnination being admitted free.— , Hut il'tho principles of Mr. [Iluck's resolution should ho adopted, such articles would not only lie taxed, hut subjected to (lie highest rates of duty known to tho law: for I apprehend they would sustain us high a duty as any of our imports—and tlml would In* tlie only inquiry in forming a scab) of gra dation upon any given maximum; according to Itis system. 1 give you one instance, to show tlie op. | eration of lite principle. Others equally injuri ous to the public interests could be as readily suggested, A more objectionable and obnoxious j system, 1 hesitate not to say, could hardly bo de vise J. j Mr. llhetl's nnd Mr. McDowell’s propositions were intended to embrace the same principles as -Mr. Black’s and indeed they all only varied the form of presenting nearly tho same question. Hut I in Mr. McDowells, tlie last, you see tho plan more j fully disclosed. He distinctly proposed that all dif. | feronces or discriminations in tin: amounts levied j upon different articles should ho made in view, and i in that view only, of the greater amount of revenue | thereby to be derived—which is hut another form of stating what I have shown would he tho practi. ; cal operation under tho system proposed by Mr. I Black. j Against such a policy, so new and novel in our j Government, and so adverse to the opinions and principles of tho ablest and best Statesmen of our own country, ns well as the opinions of the most j enlightened men of all civilized nations, tlie wltigs \ are, and 1 believe always have been, and 1 trust ev- | er will ho opposed. But I presume I need hardly ! assure you, that so far as tlie hue moves in the here are concerned, they will doubtless only caletl tiv me in vat loos parts ol tno State (luring , . , i , • . . 1 . . . . ... i ho used lor political rued and practical humbug, tho laic canvass, am! in strict accordance with which .... , ,, . „ , . ,, - ,y. 1 he cry of Repeal, Repeal, had gut e fortlt in such the Votes alluded to were given. L i ... t t„ Mr. Black’s resolution was to instruct tlie com mittee of Ways and Means to “report a hill upon the principles of revenue only.’ This proposition, it is true, approaches in its character so near to the verge of an ‘abstraction’ as not to be very intelligible in it. self, or easily understood without some explanation; for even tlu: Globe says "it is impossible to lay a du ty upon any article for revenue alone,” without, at the same time, mil cling some interest in tlie com munity, nnd i take it, that if the proposition lias any practical meaning at all, it must he, that lito Gov ernment, in the assessment of its supplies, should look to tui oilier objects, hut the amount to be rais- cd, limiting that to its necessary wants, nnd lito greatest certainly, facility and safely of its collec tion without any discriminations oi dill'erotices in tho amounts levied upon litl'ereut classes of articles except suelt as would advance tho main object of raising the amount of money required, or any re gard for tlie effect which, by proper discriminations, ■night be produced oil our trade and commerce u itli other nations, and by w inch thu interests of tho pen. pie would be advanced, and the prosperity of tho country promoted. Buell a proposition is not on ly directly at w ttr with tlie long established usage of l surplus! trains that some demonstration had to he made for ! the sake of consistency; for you know the Dento. j cralic parly lias a majority in the House of nearly j two to one ; and ton days of the session need not Itavo elapsed, bel'oro the passage of a hill by that body, at least to modify or repeal, if' lhey chose, the tariff'of the last Congress. The truth is, they know j that high and onorous ns “the odious Whig Tariff | of 1843" is represented to lie, it will not yield u sufficient revenue to support lite Government, j According to the President’s Message, there will 1 probably he an accumulated deficiency in the Trca- jsurynt the close of the current fiscal year, of'up- | wards of 83,500,000. | Somo few with whom I Itavo mot. to get out of j this difficulty, pretend that the reason of this is, that | tlie duties are too high—-tlmt importations arc pro- j hihited under its operations. And litis pretext ; might ite somewhat plausible, if it were not for the I stubbornness of tlie facts, that the duties under lite Tariff of 1838 and 1833, were generally much higher: nnd yet, so far from their prohibiting impor- j unions, they not only yielded u sufficient revenue to support the Government, but gave a considerable Have you ever compared tlie nmnut of duties tin der these respective acts, with each oilier, upon the leading articles of imports! If not, permit me to from which of 1843 are much lower, generally, limn those under either of tlie proceeding acts. 1 wiil give them to you in a short tabular form. Doties by the several acts of 1828. 1833. IB 11 Iron in liars, per ton, >37 30 32] “ sheet, &c. per lb. 31 3 ut nails, 5 5 3 spikes, 4 4 2i Suit, per bushel, 20 c'.s. 10 8 Cotton hugging, 5 " 3i 4 Sugar, brown, 3 H 2] “ white clayed, 4 3 21 “ loaf, 12 13 6 " relined, 10 10 6 Flannels, eV-c, 14 16 14 Carpeting, Brussels, dec., 70 cts. 63 50 “ floor cloth, 00 43 30 “ Venetian, 40 35 30 the Government, hut in open opposition to tlie fix cd principles and settled opinions of the founders of our republic. Tlie rule given by Mr. Jefferson to he adopted j call your attention to a lew of them; in seel) case is, tiiut ‘when a nation imposes high ! you will see that those under lite act duties on our productions, ut- prohibits them alto. : geliter, it may be proper lor us to do tho same by theirs; first burdening or excluding those produc- j lions which they bring here in competition with our j own of tlie same kind; imposing mi them duties I lighter nt first, hut heavier and heavier afterwards, I as other channels of supply open.” Upon tho same subject Mr. Madison uses the fol- j lowing language-. "If revenue ho tho sole object of a legitimate itn. I post, and lito encouragement of domestic articles lie not within tltu power of regulating trade, it j would follow that no monopolizing or unequal reg ulation of foreign nations could ho counteracted— j that neither the staple articles of subsistence, nor the essential implements for thn public safety, could I under any circumstance bo insured or fostered at j home by regulations of commerce; the usual and , most convenient modo of providing for both.” . indeed, Mr. Madison contends that litis was otto of the main objects of the Union and tho adoption of tho constitution. Ho says, (see his letter to Mr. : Cabell, ol 18th Sep. 1828.) “ During lite delays and discouragement experi enced in lito uitempts to invest Congress with tho necessary powers, lite State of Virginia made va rious triuIk of what could ho duuo by her individual laws. Site ventured on duties and imposts ns n source of revenue. Resolutions, wore passed ut one timo to encourage and protect Iter own navi gation und ship building.—And in consequence o( complaints and petitions from Norfolk, Alexandria and other places, against the monopolizing nnvign. lion laws of Great Britain particularly in lite trade between the 17. S. and the llrilisli Ik ext /ft- dies, ho deliberated, with a purpose controlled only by lito inefiicncy of sepurute measures, on [lie ex periment of forcing u reciprocity bv prohibiting rog. ulationv of her own—[See Journal IJuusu ol Dele- gitos 1785.] "Tho effect of Iter separate attempt to raise Kc- venue by duties on imports, soon appeared in rep resentations from merchants that the commerce of the Stato was banished by them into oilier clinu- nets—especially of Maryland where imports were less burthuned titan in Virginia.—[See do, for 1780.] . "Such a tendency of separate regu'ti.ion* was indued too manifest to escape anticLipalion. Amongst the projects prompted bvji-uu want of a Pmleful au thority over cominorciyfwus that of a Convention first proposed on lljD^part of Maryland for a uni formity of rcpjduutiuiis between lito two Stulos end But l need not extend the list. In the main, un der the net of 1843, they are very much reduced. Nor have I time to say more to you upon this sub. ject at present. Indeed, when I seated myself to write to you, l hud no idea of saying half as much as I have. As to tho other matter contained in the previous number of tlie "Times” to which Mr. direct ed my attention, 1 can only add,tlmt the "ravings'’ of thu editor upon tlmt subject, were alike ettuso. lossly excited—Itis statements were without foun dation, end his whole article nothing but a tissue of misrepresentations. But I expect nothing else from dint source, nnd theroforo onto nothing for wltnt he may say or publish. It is the same paper, l believe though, perhaps, with a modified mime, that pro claimed mo, lust year, n professed repudialor, and Mr. Crawford, in effect, an abolitionist. Yuttrs respectfully, A. II. STEPHENS. ALABAMA Tho following are the proceedings of tho Meet* ingof Mr. Calhoun’s friends in Mobile on Satur day tlto 10th inst., which wo copy from lite Tribune of last Monday. Democratic Meeting.—At a Inrgn meeting of tho friends of Mr. Calhoun assembled at lite VVn- vcrly 1 louse on Saturday evening to take into con- siderntiou the recent Address til Mr. Calhoun, with drawing liiinscil from the llaltiiiiuio Convention, Dr, John \V, Moore was appointed Chairman, and Col. John T. Donald, Secretary. Col. Percy Walker, then offered lite following preamble and resolutions which he and John A. Campbell, Esq. supported in able speeches. Whereas, this meeting has read with entire and hearty approval tlie recent address of the Hon. John C. Calhoun to his friends nnd supporters for tho Presidency, withdrawing Itis nntno from the list of candidates to he presented to tlie Baltimore Convention to assemble ill May next. And where as ibis meeting approves not loss warmly tho man ner nnd llio spirit in which lie has made lids with drawal Ilian tho reasons wltftli he has assigned for tho step ; therefore, Resolved, That this meeting of lite friends and supporters of the Hon. John C. Calhoun, do entire ly concur with him in the propriety of said with drawal—and deem it tho only honorable and patrio tic course which under the circumstances lie could have adopted—thul Iho said convention constituted ns it will bu of delegates chosen by Central Conven tions, composed in some cases of self appointed members,—of delegates instructed to give lite en tire vote of a state for a particular candidate with out reference loot- regard for any division of sen timent uniong themselves or among the people, is a most unfair, unequal, and as a precedent, a most dangerous mode of obtaining an expression of lite public voice. That the organization of a conven tion on tho principles urged in justification of such a procedure, tends to centralize tlie powers and the influence of tlie Federal Government to tho mani fest detriment of the states—tlmt it disturbs tlie principles of lite compromise upon which tlie cxe- cutivo department of that government was created by diminishing the power of tlie smaller states in tlie election ofn President—and tends to perpetu ate that system of culm I, corruption and intrigue, in cident to every removal of tho affairs of govern ment irmn the people and placing them in tlie hands of party managers and politicians by trade. Resolved, That wo have seen with extreme re gret ami do hereby reprobate as false and detrimen tal to the Democratic Party, those acts which have t given a bud and baleful distinction to certain of its members—that vve itavo rend declarations from conventions and primary assemblies mining our northern brethren styling themselves democratic, entirely irreconcilable with tho principles promul gated at Baltimore in 1840—that these acts und declarations, proceeding us they did from sources entitled to inspect, from their pre-eminence and in. fiuence, and indicating a wide spread opinion in fa vor of measures fatal to thu interests und safely of the south, havo produced discontent, alicnialion and dis-ord—and wo recognize in tho improper constitution of the proposed convention—in the dc- rrocrutic votes in favor of tlto Whig Tariff’of 1843 —in the resolutions til Syracuse and at public meetings in Pennsylvania, on tlto protective policy, and still more in the proceedings ofthe present Con gress on tho subject of Abolition and tho Tariff, legitimate, natural and all sufficient causes of di vision and distraction in our party. Resolved, ’1 but truth and fair dealing can alone produce any salutary or lasting union among inert, and that these require the restoration of the Demo cratic creed of 1840—that we value this re storation far above the elevation of any in dividual—that tlie mightiest wrong that cun be done to tho parly by one of its members, is the support ho may give to liad measures at war with his principles, und that il is only by a steady, prompt and persevering action tit the principles of tho par ty in Congress that it can be rescued from tho im putation of being tlie mere instrument of avarico and ambition. Resolved, That it is lite imperative duty ofCon- gress to adjust tlie expenditures of the government to its income; nod in order to realize that income after every curtailment of unnecessary expenditure, tlto duties on foreign imports should he arranged in accordance with the compromise actof 1833. Resolved, That the Abolition movements at tho North, the continued and fanatic agitation of tlie question thorn, and tlie efforts, pursued with such determined and rancorous perseverance, to enlist the legislation of Congress against tlie Institution of Slavery in the Slates and territories in which it exists; can only succeed by a plain and palpable infraction ol’tlic constitution, which will at once put an end to tlto union. That the continued agitation of this question in Congress, which has nojurisdic- tion on tho subject of slavery, begets still fartiiei alietintion, discontent ami enmity between the states, tlmt il cannot consist with a proper harmony and respect among the members of tlie confederacy, ant 1 that wo shall, therefore, regard the abrogation of the 31st Rule, adopted to arrest this ovil in tho House of Representatives, as one of tho greatest misfortunes tlmt could hufal our country. Resolved, Tlmt our confidence in tlie patriotism, long tried integrity nnd consummate statesmanship of Join) C. Calhoun of South Carolina remains without abatement; tlmt we look to Itis elevation to lito Presidency with hope nnd expectation, be cause wo believe that ho will infuse his pure and noble character into the administration of tnc Fed eral Government—tlmt reform in all its depart ments will ho (-fleeted, accountability nnd fidelity introduced—tlmt the offices of the people will be esteemed its they arc trusts for tlie people, to be filled with men of ability and worth, and not ns spoils for mercenary patizans—that under Itis guid ance out'foreign affairs will be conducted w ith dig nity, wisdom nnd moderation, and our domestic prosperity secured and advanced by a strict adher ence to tlto constitution ; that we still proclaim him as our candidate, and that if wo consent to de lay tho decision o( tlie people upon tlie pre-eminent merits of litis great statesman nnd patriot, it will only lie in deference to the prompt, energetic nnd determined movements of our brethern ofthe Dem ocratic party in favor of those great questions w hich are now pending before Congress—or to the will of our putty fairly and honorably sought for and obtained. Col. Phillips moved a substitute for tlto above fa vorable to Mr. Van Burin, nnd declaring him the choice of lite Democratic party. On motion, tho resolutions of Col. Phillips wore laid upon lite table, A motion w as then made for lito adoption of tlto resolutions of Col. Walker, which was carried.— For the purpose of getting a more distinct vote on them, n division was moved, and they were carried, six voices only dissenting. The meeting then adjourned. J. W. MOORE,Chairman. J. T. Donald, Secretary. WITHDRAWAT. OF Mil. Van lluRBN.—Don’t be alarmed, reader. Whether timid Whig, afraid of our ability to heal nny bill Mr. Van Huron—or Lo co Foco, fearing or desiring his withdrawal—wo say, don’t be ulurtned. The little Kinderbook is determined to die game. Thn Magician will cast his horoscope anew—and try, to its utmost the po tency of his wand. Martin Van Buren will bn the candidate of the Loco Foco Party, at tlto next Pres idential election, and no misluko- For our own parts, wo liuvo enred litllo os to thn Candidate who might ho presented, by tlie op posing Parly, for lito Presidency. Wo Imve full that, with the necessary exertions, which tlto Whigs throughout the Union uppenr prepared und deter mined to make, tlto election of Air. Clay would be perfectly certain. Wo liuvo not participated, in the lonst, in tlto feat which has been entertained, by some of our friends, lout tha withdrawal of Mr. Van Buren would Itavo rendered tlto issue of the onlnsl more doubtful. Tlto firm array—thu un broken columns—the determined purpose—tho uni ted spirit—the indomitable energy—the enthusias tic action—of tlto Whigs, in every direction to wards which wo cnsl our eyes, lias boon full before us. No fear of defeat lias intruded itself upon us. We have seen that the country was awake to tlie necessity of unwearied exertion, and a naughty ef fort—ami imve never doubled that, with those aux iliaries, Henry Clay would ho elected President, and our Nation restored to a slnle of prosperity and of permanence, in the administration of its Nation ut affairs. Having formed this encuraging estimate of lito power of our parly to carry its measures! ■red its men, triumphantly through tlie Elections of tho next Autumn, wo havo regarded us of precious little importance, the questions whether Mr. Buch anan will withdraw his namo from tho canvass— whether Mr. Calhoun was s ttisfied witlt tlie constitu tion of the Baltimore Loco Foco Couvention-wheth- or Col. Johnson decided to run for tlie Presidency Vice Presidency, or any thing else ho could catch— whether Mr. Van Buren dodged out of tlie conflict, when ho was perfectly certain il must go against him—or whether tho Funenil Hal! Loco Foco sue. ceoilcd in getting up tlto steam for Gen. Cass. We know tlmt, with tlto name of HENRY CLAY’— and the sound and patriotic principles upon which he is known to act—wo could boat any of them, and all of them. As a matter of record, however—and ns the chroniclers of passing events—wo Imve deemed il our duty to notice tlie movements, and publish the documents put forth by tlto various candidates—and in continuation of this course, we now announce, from lh« highest possible authority, the determina tion of Mr. Van Buren to maintain itis ground as a Candidate for tlie Presidency. The following par agraph from the Richmond Enquirer is authorita tive on this matter, and settles the question deflin- itcly : "Wo have seen a letter from Mr. Van Buren himself, in the course of which he refers to tho unfounded re port (that he was about to dcclino tlto contest lor the Presidency) referred to in tlie preceding article. He presumes that his friends are too much accustomed to rumors and misrepresentations to attach tho slightest ; importance to such an idle report.” Whig Principles.—it is not remarkable that many, who were in 1840 opposed to tho triumph of Whig principles, should now say, although that par ty obtained a great victory, little, il'any good, cuine from it.” Tins, we say, is not remarkable ; on tlie contrary, it is quite natural. But, at this day, it is scarcely necessary for us to say that tho triumph of the Whig parly in 1940, wus a barren triumph. Tlie venerable Chief they selected was too soon nailed away from us—the grave interposed its el aims—and sinco then, tho Whig party 1ms Imd no pi iwor or influence in tho adoption of Government measures. Il Ims been like a good Ship, capable ol' performing a prosperous voyugo ; but haying a hi bber in command, incapable of performing a sin- g! c duty, Ims gone with tlto wind nnd tide of cap rii ;o. to tlie great detriment of tho owners of Vessel at id cargo. But tlmt voyage is now near its close, and a true an d reliable man will bo soon called to command and then, nnd not till then, do we stand ready to promise the working out of true Whig principles. Let. those principles bo clearly carried out, ns they •wit] bu under tho Administration of Mr. Clay, and ail will go well ; for ho is a man who performs what he premises, and goes where he looks—straight ahead—no side turnings. He knows the wants of his country, and has the firmness to announce his principles. The country now feeling lito wunt of the services of just such a man, will go with hitn a fair trial. All wo ask, is, let us Imve tlto trial ; and, if it does not work well for ull interests, we shall be ready to discard "Whig principles”—but ■Jiot till then !—Raleigh Register. they ore glad to do it for any price!” And n piti ful sight it is to see tho plain work that is done mi such terms. A pitiful tiling it is to think of the number of hours which must Imve been spent, per haps in the endurance of hunger and cold, before the scanty pittunco Vos enrnod, and to compare this with the golden sums’so willingly expended at some fashionable milliner’s’ where, because the la dy ofthe house is not in want, the kindiicartod pur chaser would lie sorry to insult her feelings by uf- forring loss.” Dcstrnctiva Conflagration nt New Orleans, Great Loss of Cotton—Estimated Loss 8375,000. The New Orleans Bee of llm I2ih inst. says— Yesterday afternoon, about 4 o’clock, two ( I thu hands employed in iho Orleans cotton press discov. ored a fire in the room in the second siory of the centre front building used as tho loose cotton room. One of them attempted to extinguish it by thresh- it with a slick, while the other run for u buck :t“of water, hut lite fire making such quick pro- gre-s, ho was compelled to abandon tho room.— The flames in n few minutes ascended to tlie cupa. lo und extended under tho roof to thn adjoining oums, where a largo number of hales of cotton were stowed, which were almost instantly ignited. In consequence of tlto immense heat of such u mass of combustuble matter, nnd the length of time which elapsed before the engines could possibly ranch there, tho fire coinmunicutetl through the walls lo the upper centre wing, and extended on tlie front as fur us the wall which divides the front from the side building. Through tho exertions of tlie fire department tlie fire was confined to those limits, although lite heal was at limes so intense us lo almost preclude tlie using of tlto pipes within a serviceable distance. Tlie pumber of hales of cot ton consumed is eslimutcd at 8,500, viz: 4,500 In tlto wing, 1,200 in tlie main building, nnd 2,800 in tho front. Tho loss of which estimated at 840 per hale, would be 8340,000.—The damage done lo the building could possibly bo repaired fur 25,000, and the engine and two screws for 10,000 more, making the total loss, as far as could bu estimated by n tough calculation 8375,000 which we under stand is fully covered by insurance—tlie cotton in litis city, and the building in tlie offices in litis city in London and Paris. This building was consider ed the largest in tho world. It fronts upon the Mississippi, and Rufiignnc and New Levee streets, and is 032 feet in front, by 308 in breath. It was built by an incorporate company nt a cost of $753,. 000, and is capable of storing thirty thousand hales of cotton, which amount, wo understand, was yes terday morning under its roof. It lias been for years leased to Messrs. Freeland and Behan, at tho rato of 825,000 per annum. One of tlie engines and two of tlie screws are uninjured, and can immediately be put into active opera tion. and by 1 heir holding tlie string might l,u ih rot ~T upon sidld ice. The application for il ie s /‘j , .°* ceer was refused. A* this crisis it s „„ 0 f ^ ' *°»- Curtts started ashore for a rail from tlio'r 1 This, however, required timo, nnd the on,,I, tlie sled, a little sun of James W. I!y„., ^ tlto first thought the best, and tletprimiied^***^ into execution. He I lie re fore attacked ;|, c ^ Ul * knocked him down, seized tlie sled, und wj|* D ^J British Naval Force for 1844.—An English paper discoursing on lito subject of Naval Affairs, says, there will ho employed this yenr, 14 lino of battle ships, carrying from 74 to 120 guns each; 32 frigates, carrying from 36 to 00 guns each; 42 sloops of war, carrying from 16 to 30 guns each; 40 brigs and schooners, carrying from 8 to 14 guns; 10 brigs, carrying 3 guns each, one “Long Tom,” nml two 32 pound cannonades—oil the coast of Africa—72 slcamspips, carrying from 0 to 20 guns; 21 surveying vessels, carrying from 4 to 8 guns; 34 packet brigs nnd schsoners, carrying from 6 lo 10 guns each; 12 store ships, carrying from 4 to 8 guns cacli, 10 receiving ships. Our friend of the Philadelphia, U, S. Gazette, in copying tlie foregoing enumeration, remarks— “This is truly a formidublo array of Naval force tiicse piping times of pcaco. Docs it squint to wards holding on to the Oregon Territory, or are there some new conquests to be made in tlto Pac ific Ocean or Indian Seas?” Two Fools Satisfied.—A duel took place on the 37ill nit. in Now Orleans, between two “Gentle men" (I) in which one was shot through tlie call of, tno leg. and tlie oilier through holhjbui^Jt. mfl i . , :t i '\'.'g a dangerous woiu'tljdrl tno anuria profunda. The , man who shot into the artery anil got shot in tho calf ut tile leg is now satisfied, and tltu one who shot in the artery and now liea tumbling on tho very verge of dcnlli is also perfectly satisfied, und what is more, every body knows they are satisfied. Huw easy il is to bu made happy! A bullet through a man’s lungs ul the South scums to he u great satisfaction. Mb. Calhoun and the Presidency,—Tho Washington Spectator, in noticing the refusal of the Mobile Tribune to take down Mr. Calhoun's numu as a candidate for Iho Presidency, suys: "Nothing but thu conviction that tho democratic party would bu true to their principles in Congress, induced us to (ollow the example of tho Charleston Mercury, which, from its position, may ho pre«"'- u ; etl to understand most inlimnp**7y Calhoun’s wishes and ou". ' ,,, ns , a nd to take his name from our iitnns. But it requires no great effort to put it hack again; ami if the emergency requires tho Slnle Rights’ parly to assume an independent po. sition, hack again il shall go. At all events, we look but for u temporary nliscnco of litis great name from our columns. Tlto pending presiden tial election being over, wc shall, next full.nniiounce him ns a candidate for tho Presidency, never again lo bu withdrawn." Mr. Clay’s Sentiments on Abolition.—While dealing blows nt random, like a man in tho dark some of the political opponents of Mr. Clay affect to doubt his orthodoxy on a subject vitally inter, ostingto the South. A few months ago, tho Rich mond Enquirer made Henry Clay responsible for a letter written by Cassius M. Clay to Mr. Gid dings of Ohio, which was rend by tlie latter ton portion of his constituents. Tho deception, how- ever, did not last long. Such will be the fate of all .slanders against Mr. Clay. Tho Hartford Times, an abolition paper, and the organ of tho Van Buren party in Connecticut urges ns a reason why the abolitionists should not support Mr. Clay, that in a conversation on tlie subject of abolishing slavery in the District of Columbia, Mr, Clay thus expressed himself: “My Dear Sir, while these are my opinions, con scientiously formed, l am the sun of Virginia, a slave holder in Kentucky,—and I would suffer tlie tortures of the Inquisition before I would sign a kill having for its object tlto abolition of slavery in the District, or in •any man nor give countenance to the project.” Mr. Van Buren stops a little short of this, and declares from tho “lights before him" lie could not deem it sale to deny tlmt Congress had the consti tutional power to abolish slavery in tlto District of Columbia. Mr. Clay rests Itis objections on tho want of that power. Which is tlie soundest South, ern man of tlie two? If slavery were abolished in tho District, as Mr. Vuti Buren thinks it may bo,it would bo tlie entering wedge of its abolition in the States. The Foul Liuel upon the Dead.—Our readers will recollect a statement which not long since went tlie round of the Loco Foco press, to the effect that upon itis death lied, the late lion- Charles Ogle, of Pennsylvania, confessed tlmt tlie charges of extrnvagauco and mulcouducl which lie made against the Executive departmentul'thoGovernmeul in his celebrated speech, while member of tlie House of Representatives, were entirely false, anil tlmt ho fully retracted them nnd expressed sorrow for hav ing inado them. Tlie slanderous rumor was promptly denied by tho surviving friends of Mr. Ogle, and was (raced by them to one Goo. W Bow man, of Somerset, Pa. I lo was immediately in- dieted for libel, and, as we seo by tlie Bedford In quirer of tlie 9th, was tried lust week before Judge Black, and found guilty. The same paper adds that the infamous scoundrel, who wus thus convict ed of having put a falsehood into the mouth of tho dead, for the basest party purposes, was immediate ly pardoned by Gov. Dorter! Smart Bargains.—Mrs, E.lis, in “tho Wives of England,” makes tlie following judicious re. marks, which cannot /s too forcibly tn,j' res * e " upon those who are lifo-sod with this world’s goods: Ahiiivo nil tilings tUic guarded against in making bargains, is tlmt of liking advantage of tho poor. It is a cruel system urricu on by tho world, nnd one against which Vomnn, will) Iter boasted kind ness of heart, oughtcspecinliy to set Iter face—that of first ascertaining,he circumslancos or degree ol necessity of the pmy wo deal with, nnd then offer ing a price nccnnWlv. Yet Itow often do wc hour the expresse;,, "| got il ilouo so well and so 1 cheaply, fur poor.features, they are in such distress promptness and decision which seemed t u t ** marked hi* wliulo conduct, threw it in j 0 |,j pauion, nml safely drew him from iii* p^rilouT* 1 *’ ’ drowning situation. Tlto young hero mid tho"'? ry with all tho simplicity of a child, und companion had risen for tlie last time. •Id the it,, said Lj, |FROM TIIE MACON MESSF.NOER.l StAUI.tr I EVEK. Wo havo been requested lo puhlslt tlie nnnw| . communication, taken form the “Charleston rv.” Of the efficacy of tho remedies suggested^ of course cun say limiting authoritatively, a! this we do know, that this dreadful scourge ScarLi Fever, is now raging throughout tho country, ,5 in somo pluces, with great rnortuiiiy. Tho's™. danger to ho apprehended is, suffering lito disea» to progress, withhout immediatesly taking hold j it at its inception. When fairly under »ay,ther,. no disease at which Medical men are more opltokt at fault limn this; it too often combats aucce*. fully lite most experienced skill, nnd unremitti,. attention: This all tire faculty (impyrics exca? cd) freely acknowledge. Tlie symptoms are distinctive, and at once n, cognised—sore throat, swelled tongue, exlrtwh excited sluto of fever, nnd the blush of tha ^ resembling perhaps more than any thing elae,, boiled lobster. Drastic and active medicinea at, to bu avoided, and medical aid obtained as soon, practicable. | FROM THE CHARLESTON MERCURY.] St. Helena, Feb. 8, 1844. Dear Sir—Believing it to be a duly highly a. cumbentou mo to give publicity to the treatment] found most speedy and effectual in the cure of the most awful complaint the Scarlet Fever, I have ti, ken tlto liberty to beg you to give il a place in v»or valuable paper. Tlie manner, or the way it »•„ brought in my family, I am at n loss to accountfor, Cotton Speculations.—There is much feverish excitement in Now York, in consequence of the extent to which speculations in Colton Imvo been carried. An article in tiro New Y r ork, Express says:— It is well known that in litis market, as well as at tho Soutli, great speculations Itavo been made by w ealthy individuals in the article, ami it is boliuv- ed tlmt full five hundred thousand bales, including hundred thousand bales in this city, are in tho hands of a few persons—operators here, and in Southern cities. The value of this immense amount of Cotton is from twenty lo twenty.five millions ofdollurs, and a large portion of tho capital of lito Banks in litis city Ims gone in one shape or another to sustain this speculation. The Colton speculators are keen for nows, and anticipate that the rapid advance here will put up tlto price on tlie other side. Our market is already above tlmt of Liverpool, and some hold, ers show a disposition to realize by selling out, which is the reason why the market does not go U P- Curran.—When a boy, 1 was one morning playing at marbles in the village ball.al'ey, with u light heart and lighter pocket. Tlto gibe ami the jest went gaily round, when suddenly amongst us appeared a stranger, of a very remarkable and ve ry cheerful aspect. His intrusion wus not the least restraining upon our merry little assemblage. He was a benevolent creature, und tlie days of infuncy (after all, the happiest wo shall over [see) perhaps rose upon his memory. God bless him ! 1 seo his fine form, at the distance of half a century, just ns lie stood before me in tlie little hall alley in tlie days of my childhood. His name was Boyse: lie was tlie rector of Now Market. To me lie took a par ticular fancy. I was winning and full of waggery; thinking every thing that was eccentric, and by no means a miser of my eccentricities ; every one wit3 welcome to share of them, and I had plenty to spare after having freighted the company with them. Some sweetmeats easily bribed me homo with him. 1 learned from poor Boyse my alphabet nnd my grammar, and tho rudiments of tlie class ics. Lie taught me ail lie could and then sent mo to school at Middleton. In short, lie made a man of mo. I recullect it was about fivo nnd thirty years afterwards, when 1 had risen to sonic eminence at tho bar, and when I bad a seat in Parliament, on my return one day from court, I found an old gon- ilomun seated ulono in my drawing-room, Ins feet familiarly placed on each side of tho Italian marble chimney-piece, nnd his whole air bespeaking tho consciousness of one quite ul home. Ho turned round—it was my friend of the ball-alloy. I rush ed instantly into Ids arms, and hurst into tears. Words cannot describe tho scone which followed : “You are right, sir, you arc right. Tlto chimney piece is yours—the pictures are yours—tlie house is yours. You gave mo all l have—my friend— my father—my benefactor !’’ He dined with me, and in tho evening 1 caught tlie tear glistening in Itis fine bluo eye, when ho saw tlto pour little Jack, the creature of itis bounty', rising in the House of Commons to n right honorable. Poor Boyse ! ho is now gone ; and no suitor had a larger deposito of practical benevolence in the court uhovo. This is his wine—let us drink to Itis memory ! Remarkable Presence of Mind.—The Nor- wulk (Conn.) Gazette relates un incident tviocit occurred in tlmt town a.lfcw'ovonings ago, exhibit ing tlto most remarltnblo degree of presence of n,|, .!!t fend cool intrepidity in a child that we have ever known. A company of lads, of ages from about 8 to 12 and 14 years, were amusing them selves on skates, on what is known ns lint old I ri phumtnor Pond. One of tlie younger of tlto com pany, n son of Milton Durand, in tlie course of his sports, was carried into tlto water, nml nt a depth, too, beyond Itis reach. Tlie futc of Ilia poor iillh- follow seemed inevitable, llo sank nnd rose and no help appeared. Thu first thought which occur red to liis companions In throw him n sled, belong ing to one of the number, that lie might grasp it About tlie 15th of January, srul of my negroes were taken with u violent sore throat, pain inthi head und fever, swelling of the glands of tlie neck and behind tlie car. 1 then did not know what tli,l disease wus ; nnd from its rapid progress to termt. natiun, it caused mo lo bo much alarmed; on thj first day it was a simple sore throat; in twelve hours after lite sore throat commenced, there wii pain in the head, and before twenty hours, hot fo, ver and swelling of tlie glunds mid neck almost to suffocation. I liud hut little medicine on the plu. tation, with the exception of Jalap, of this I gsye vety largo doses; its effect was astonishing,«. lacking the disease at every pore, and in twoor three days effecting a cure; tho dose was repent, oil every day until the cure was effected. Strong red pepper tea was given in tlie interval; (at night and sometimes throughout tho day) front! tea cup full to a pint, according to age ; this wu given fur tlto sore throat- I did not know shu lito disease was until it got in my family, when It then shewed itself by tlie Scarlet eruptions making their appearance, which could nut be seen on tht negroes. With my children, as soon as they cont- plained of tlie sore throat, I gave them a full don oi Jalap, and iiad no further trouble with it, as tin disease was stopped thore.nnd never went further; tlto next day gave a small dose to prevent the re turn of which 1 was afraid. From thissimplo treat, nient the disease yicldedso readily, tlmt I consider, ed it a triflingcornplaint, and started for Cltareiloo, telling Mrs. Chaplin, if any of tlie other cltildrei were attacked with it, to pursue the same treatment. In my absence, my two y oungest children were it. tacked with it; tlie symptoms being ratiter more»i. olent, she sent for tlie doctor, who came and gate an emetic ; their throats began lo swell much; if* ter tho operation of the emetic, calomel wasgiree, which rapidly increased tlie disease, nearly tosuffo. cs f in, dreadful sore mouth, with great diiiicultyof swallowing. When I returned home I found ihera in this state, with two doctors attending them, I got nil lite medical aid i could procure, it wns luu I they died, and were buried both in one coffin. After my return, there were eight children (some hoarding with me) taken with the disease ; on the first symp toms, I gave Jalap, and repeated in small doses the next day, with red peppor tea ; at the end of three days they were out playing about the yard ; in a few cuse9 1 gave salts, tlie next day, where the symptom were not violent. Out of thirty-four cases wherel administered thu Jalap, not one remained in bed more than one day. Directions—Immediately on the first symptom!, which is sore throat, give a full dose of JalapAou adult 60 or 70 or even 80 grains; nt night giw strong red pepper tea, from a tea cup full to a pint according to age and violence of the symptoms; the next give a small doso of Jalap, say hall tho qiunti- ly given the day before, cuntinue tlie pepper least night ; on the third day, if there is any surencitM- maining in lito threat, give a dose of salts, which generally effect a cure ; tlie dose must of coursebl regulated according to lite age of tlie patient. Thus my dear Sir, I have endeavored to give yea tho history and treatment,—tho treatment 1 found (through the blessing of a merciful God) tho most seedy, safe nnd effectual in the cure of this awful malady; which lias been, and always is, tlie scourge ul’our cities und towns, nnd I may soy country. Yours rery respectfully, EDWIN CHAPLIN. Mr. W. F. Leak, of Richmond county, North Curolina, recently appointed n Delegate to the Da' mocratic Baltimore Convention, has, in a letter pah* lisltod in tlie Chernw Gazette, expressed his deter mination, in very peciued terms, to have nothings do with tiiut Convention, organized as it is nowcer tain it will be. Women—Shcridun once wrote: “woman get’ ern us; let us try lo render them perfect: il* morn they are enlightened, so much the more tht! we he. On tho cultivation of tho minds of w men, depends the wisdom of men. It is by wcroea tiiut nature wtites on the hearts of men.” N»P°* Icon said, “ Thu future destiny of tlie child ia^ 1 ways tlie work of lite mother. Remedy for the Bite of a Snake.—A wri ter in tiio Raleigh Register savs that cotnmofi salt, moistened with water and bound upon tb» wound, will cure tlie bite of the most venom 01 * snake? Mr. Calhoun.—Tho Now York Republic, G* Green’s paper, alluding to the Globe’s declaration,l» Mr. Calhoun will eupport Mr. Van Burnt aays: : "We assert upon better authority than any I*"!* now m Washington can have, that no otic is author* ed by Mr. Calhoun lo give such an assurance. _j “Is Hus a deliberate and wilful misstatement, ora* 1 * speculation? Wc assert that no man who liaaaoyflY gard fur Ins character will stand sponsor for the af; claration of the Globe. “When we say that our authority is better thantW ol any in Washington, wo do not refer to Mr. Calhoea* published letter. That Mr. Calhoun will cordially•#* port Mr. Van Bureu’s electiurt is impossible." A Peace-Makeb at VVasiiinton.—A once cffldR*h oil, ami still remembered, tragedian, had a practif* -aUqqmtg-Jite squalling mouths of his young clidd** 1 by dashing a glass or two of water in their "That so astonishes them," said lie, “they leave And if they begin again, I dash another, and kic|"7 increasing tlie dose, till they arc completely cur* The plan is a very good one, and lias several adt**' ages over corporeal chastisement. J It we acre in Congress, we should straight"'*/ "rj in a bill for the purchase of a smalt fire-engine, 10 . tilled with cold water, und placed upon tlto floor of , House, near the Speaker's ilesk It should bo sit ed by operatives and a cumpclcnt engineer, **£x the cumuiand of Mr. Junes, should direct tlie m> j the pipe straight toward nny “very much cxc™£| ' member, and play away with all his miglit, (itis would bo a cheap and vciy innocent way of mg eifl such chaps.—Aoah's Messenger,