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[rt.* nrirsAr saises w»is] Blakely, Dec. 18, 1844. To Him. Thoms Dutlsr King i Dear Sit:—Tiioso mho hiveknown you long, M Utile doubt in* deep interest you leke in tiiu prosperity o( Georgia, ee the competency of your couaeeU to promote it. A personal acquaintance of eomeyeare standing enable* mo to advance this oj'ieion of your character; end may authorize the call which i now propose to make m behalt of one branch of domestic industry, which until recently tho whole South hut unaccountably neglected—I have alluainn to manufacture*. Shrewd observers in other countries Imve doubt* ieta regarded lliu conduct of our people hi reference to till* subject, with suuliineul* of miuglud surprise and contempt, Exuibitiug varieties of soil and of climate singularly adapted to almost every variety of crap, rich ores, witter power and timber equal (o every demand, and a population which need* no thing but Iha direction uf science uml flic, stimulus uf reward to accum|ilish aiiytliing within the range ■of enterprise and art—the present generation, in all that loud* to permanent wealth, ure nearly as little edvauced as lliut which, forty years ago, delv ed aa wa do now, in growing the cotton plant. Such labor whs indeod ut that time adequately in- warded, and to some extent justified a neglect uf those mechanical processes by which tho great am ple of the country is converted into forms immedi ately subservient to the use of mnn Hut even then, a divorsiuu of purl of the capital and lubor of ihe country to tile manufacture of cloth and oilier fabrics could not huvu failed tu give a large aug mentation of annual income. Now, because of ■redundant production, and perhaps still mure, be cause of tho advantage taken uf our aapineness by the more sagacious European, the cotton crop has ceased to yield remunerating profits—the growers having pluccd themselves in the condition of n hawker in a glutted market, where sellets arc al ways at the mercy of the buyers and often compell ed to submit to capricious sacrifices. The clumsiest manufacturer of cotton cloth in the United Sluice is milking more limn double the income on the cnpitul invested, that now conies to the hands of the planter; and in well conducted factories, the profits ure far greater. By the aid of suitable mucntuery, converting cotton wool into colloacloth.au hundred bunds will duplicate the •value of crops that cost a y. ar’s labor of perhaps a thousand. This is accomplished by labor saving machinery—by ordering dead matter, acting under the impulses of Nature’s laws, "to substitute lliu strength and skill of man, but with an accuracy and despatch to which tho strength, senses and vi'- oialion of man are wholly unequal. The ellicacy ol labor saving machinery in the augmentation of nulional and individual wealth, has been demon strated by every writer on political economy, (rout Adam Smith down to the humble compilers of our latest school books. Every President of the Uni ted State*, from Washington to Jackson, lins re commended to Cuugress tiic policy of so contriving their tariffs of duties on foreign impur'.s, ns to stint', ulute in this country, the growth of manufactures. At un early period of Mr. Jefferson's life, lie seems to have been adverse to the establishment of man ufactures in Virginia ; hut subsequently his opin ion* on ibis subject underwont n radical chnnge, and no statesman in the Union lias spoken more emphatically in recommending such employment of American labor and capital. With a people so well known to he lovers of money as the Georgians, one would suppose that these teachings of Philosophy, hacked bv the opin ions of so matt) men in whose counsels they have been accustomed to place the highest confidence, would be conducive. And yet them are scarcely u dozen cotton mills in -a State which might moat profitably employ five hundred. The littlo Stale of ilho'Je Island, the whole extent of whose territory scarcely exceeds the size of a single cot,my in Geor gia, has in successful operation not less than two hundred cotton uttd wool factories, besides many for oilier purposes. 1 need not tell you wlial are tho fruits of such enterprise in Rhode Island. All who have visited the towns and villages of llmt en lightened little member of the confederacy know that her growing prosperity lots no parallel in the whole plantation country of the South. In soil, climate and other sources of wealth, our compara tive advantages are pre-eminent; yet we arc be coming poor and Iter people rich—results which are readily aeeounteJ for, when it is seen that one man by the use of machinery can accomplish more •than twenty by mere manual labor. Nothing is easier than to culculute tho differ- • ence between the raw mulerinl, and tlmt of tho vn- rious fabrics made of it. One thousand pounds of .raw cotton may now he worth, in the market of Augusta or Savannah, fifty dollars—converted Into cheup cloth and sold in the same market, tho price might not fall below three limes tlmt sum. And this is a fair example of the selling ami the buying which has and must continue to impoverish the planter. It is equally, too, on example of that aug. mooted rate of income, were we to ship to foreign countries cloth, corduge, &c., instead of cotton wool—were wc to manufacture our staple nt home instead of sending it for that purpose to New or Old England. In most counties of the Slates, suf ficient crops of wheat ure produced for home con sumption—and in many, good mills have been con- atructed, (he use of which fortunutely relieves our plough nod hoe loving population from the expense and inconvenience of sending their grain to Rich mond or Baltimore to be ground into flour. Noth ing indeed could more certainly subject a stupid people to sneers and ridicule, than such a milling operation—yet it is scarcely distinguishable from that which seems to be the settled practice ofGeor. gin, in the disposition of her great staple. I am not apprised that nny country on tiie globe, of the same extent, contains a larger amount of water power than ouis. With the exception ut a narrow border on the seaboard, we have scarcely n county that does not furnish an abundance of this quasi perpetual motion, to drive all the machinery requisites manufacture its own cotton crops. And if water power were wanting, or thnl steam should be preferred, no country more abounds in cheap wood fuel than ours, especially the region of long, leafed pine. I know it has been said tlmt the condition and character of our population are unfavorable to this branch of domestic industry. We all know that for yenrs past, this has occasionally lieen tho theme of stump oratory—and we know that stump ornlo. ry has not unfrequcntly been the vehicle of con veying to the public mind impressions far more ef ficacious in securing tho triumph of a party, than in advancing the knowledge and interests of tho people. Invectives against Yankee factories and Whig tariff*, may subserve the sinister purpose of the moment j hut the decree has gone forth, sanc tioned by the wisdom and spirit of the ago—we must ktep pace wilh the progress of improvement, or lose caste as a civilized nation. Tho South may invoke th* felicities of 'free trade,’ and fulminate the ven geance of Nullification against all who question the orthodoxy of the ‘forty-bale’ creed; hut tho well marshalled column* of Northorn Democracy have taken a position in reference to this subject which they will not abam on. With a fairly count. pi] majority of sixty members, u Democratic Con. gress last winter refused to ratify the slium report of i'.a own committee—they would not and never will impugn the policy which fosters American in dustry. Free Trade, as Mr. Webster said of the United Slates Bank, lias become un obsolete idcu— and we uf tbo South may find far heller employ ment in seizing und appropriating the high advan tages which belong to our actual situation, than in waging u fruitless war against the protective policy of the Government, or maiotaining a dogged ad hesion to the maxims and usages of a bygone age. But what is there jq Lite character of our pnpu. Jalion which denies Jo us the benefits of manufac turing labor T The negro is held in bondage by lhe legal authority of hjs master; but can he, on } lint account, be lest quaHRed for the use of simple machinery, than the equally unenlightened and far worse provided European T 1 see no reason to doubt, that with the same apprenticeship, he will ! become equally if nut mure export. Should it i however be determined, that the cotton fields and tho negroes of the South are to be inseparable, the labor of while parsons can bo bad ruudily in this Slato. It will hardly be assorted, tlmt boys, girls and adults in (his country would be loss able luleurulliu routine of factory doty, titan llioso of ilia sumo color, age and si x in other purls of the Union—nor is there nny reuson to doubt that like advantages would accrue to both them and thuir employers, as are known to ho realized in Penn sylvania and Now Yoik. At mmu of tho facto ries now in operation, sluvusureoinpluyed, but white persons are more frequently called to tlm work, nod can ho hired at lower wages, 1 understand, than are paid in the Northern Stales. Tho owner of a cotton mill in this State assures me, that he can at any time, nud on short notion, increase his number uf laborers to nny desirable extent—thnl tho light work, punctual pay and snug quarters of the factory, gave it n decided preference among ilie laboring clussos of his neighborhood, especially with the females und beys. Actual experiment in this Stale thus Ims negatived all presumption u- gainst the feasibility of securing cheup and effect, ivo labor for manufacturing purposes. Tnat no country whoso pursuits hare been ex- clnsively agricultural, was ever permanently pros, porous—that n proper diversion of labor is iedis- pcnsible to tho greatest attainment of wealth — that a diversion of ono-tentli or more of the labor now employed in producing the raw material, to the manufacture of cotton into cloth, cordage, bag- ging, yum, &i!., would infallibly rnisu the market price of the article, are propositions which cun be clearly established. To your inure practised and fertile pen, you having, n s 1 suppose, leisure and ready access to statistical authority. I ling leave to refer tlm discussion of these mid other tops pertain ing to the objects und purposes of this letter. With groat esteem, your most ob’t JOEL CRAWFORD. New York, January 2 1845. Accounts from Hudsun removed all doubts us to the existence of a deep-seuied und dangerous ex citemoul among the people of tho rivur counties in regard to the payment of rent. Three more mili tary companies, making seven in nil, have been sent from Albany to Hudson, upon the application to the Governor ol the Mayor of the latter city and tho Sheriff uf Columbiu county. The revisilion was made in consequence of the production of a- bundant proof tlmt '.lie anti-renters wore resolved upon u sudden movement upon tho jail, where such of their confederates as linvo been arrested ure confined. In the. menu while these violators of the taws arc not without their sympathizers and advo cates ill this city. Placards may ho seen at every corner, inviting our citizens to uticnd n meeting nt Croton Hull to-morrow evening, the object of which is to protest against the employment of troops in u civil war "to establish feudalism over freedom.”— The call is ostensibly made by order of a ‘‘Commit, tee of tiie New York National Reform Associa tion and tiie meeting is to take into considera tion "lliu best means of abolishing that remnant of feudal barbarism,” the power of landholders to col. lect rent from their tenants. We can linrdiy won dernl such manifestations among the people when sovereign Status have upheld tin; anoln^ous princi ple of repudiation. Our great annual holyday passed off without nny serious disturbances. There were a f, tv fights and drunken tumults, but these were quelled w ith out tho necessity ol un arrest by the police. The weather was delightful, and wo have a repetition of it to-day. At the Aster (louse a dinner-table was pread, which was opened to all the friends both of the hosts and guests uf tho establishment. The Mayor’s apartment at the City Hall win so crowded with visitors that it wns difficult to obtain an eti. nice. There was n manifest improvement in prices lit tho slock market to-day. A small advunce was noted in nearly all the lending securities.9| In the case of Embrton rs. IIogg ami Delema- her. touching the patent-right of the Kricsnii pro peller, the counsel lor the defence closed his argu ment tills morning, mid was followed by Mr. Cut- t:n j for the plaintiff Tiie case hail not been giv en to the jury at the time of the mail’s closing. A translation ol'tho reply of tho Mexican Secre tary Rejon to Mr. Shannon’s last official comma, mention, in which lie gave the lie some twenty times to his correspondent, appears in the Express of to day. It forms a remarkable cunlrast to the letter which called it fotlh. The Secretary is never be trayed into an uncourteous retort oran ill-tempered comment' He replies like u man who feels tInit his adversnry has not the power, however lie may have tho will, to insult him. Tho severest rebuke tlmt lie administers is where lie remarks, in relation to Mr. Shannon's employment of the term barba rous as applicable to Mexico, tlmt there ure many other terms which would equally have answered to explain Mr. Shannon’s ideas, “w ithout uny viola tion of tiie politeness which should always be main tained between foreign Governments towards that of the country to which they ure accredited.” An Infallible Remedy for Lowness of Spir its.—Take one ounce of the spirits of resolution and an equal proportion of the oil of good consci ence—infuse into these a table spoonful of the salts of patience, and add thereto a few sprigs of a plant called ''others woes.” which you will find freely growing in every part of the garden of life, uut especially under the broad leaves of a showy herb culled disguise. Gather also a handful uf tiie blossoms of hope, which, being perennial, may u|. wuys he obtuined ; sweeten these with the balm of Providence, and if you can procure a few drops of the genuine cordial of true friendship, it will greul- ly mid to the vuluo of the medicino. But in this one ingredient especially of counterfeits. There is a spurious compound, vended by one. Self In terest, which is obtained easily enough, and by which thousands are imposed upon. The leust admixture of it with the above ingredients, would infallibly spoil the composition. Reduce the whulo to an cluctunry by a proper proportion ol conserve of content, flavor it with essence of good judge ment, and regulate Ihe quantity taken nccording to the virulence of the disease, A tried recipe und revor known to luii. Tiirbbof the Most Wealthy Buisiness Men of New York.—It is staled in Hunt’s Mcrchuuis Magazine, that Preserved Fish commenced life us an apprentice to a blacksmith, and his next situation was that of a seaman on board a whaling ship From being a hand before the mast, he rose to bn n mate, and finally commanded, and in litis hazardous pursuit ho umassud tlm foundation of his fortune.— Suul Alley was bound, whet) he was a small boy, apprentice to a coticUmakor. During Itis opprun ticeship Itis father died, and left him totally depen dent on his own exertions. Tlm very clothes ho wore he was oblige to ourn by toiling extra hours, nfler the regular time of leaving off work had pass ed* The foundation of his fortune he acquired by the exurcisu uf frugality and prudence wliilo a jour nrymnu mechanic. Cornelius \V. Lawrence, late Mayor of New York, und now President of the Bank of the State of Now York, was a furiner’t hoy,and worked many a long day in ruin and sun shine on Long Island. There wore few men with in twenty miles of him that could mow n wider swartb or turn a neater furrer. Those men liuvc been the architects of their own fortunes ; they have earned them by tho swout of their brows; and their verywenllh, besides tho other means of doing good to their fellow men which it pots in their power, is, in itself a perpetual stimulus to the mechanic and artisan to earn a similar re. ward by similar frugality, iudustry, and perse, vorance, LATE FttUM MEXICO. Highly Important— General llcraluium throughout Ihe Republic—Arrest of Canatiso—Overthrow oj Santa Anna—Departure of Mr. Cushing—Rob. bery of his Papers. By tho arrival yesterday of tho schooner Fortu- tia.from Vera Cruz, wituiico site sailed on the 13th test., wo have tho important luforinnlion that Ihe revolution, sinned hi Jalisco by Gen. Paredes, lias finally extended almost entirely over the country, und Iliat ihe complete overthrow of tiio tyrant Santa Anna is certain, although he is still in command of u few troops ut Quercninro. la the city of Mexico, the revolution broke out on the 3.1 itist,,nnd by the Till ull was quiet. Gen Jose Joaquin tie llerreru wits in I'ommund ut llie last tittles, witlt the title of Provisional President, w Itilu Cunulizo mid some of the chief minions of Simla A mm were in u frost. On tho 1st of December fifty five members of tho Mouse of D'pulios issued u manifesto, protest ing nguinst Ihe oiilers promulgated by President Santa Anna and denouncing tlto Government for not having hud him removed from oflico. Tito next day ten others, w ho were not nblo to gel into the hull on the 1st, signed it.—Tho Senate likewise adopted the same proceeding on the 2d of Decem ber—every member, save four, of lliut body signing tiie urticlo of denunciation. This action gave great offence to the Dictator, und it scents lliut un mo 3d December Gen. Canalize, by the express or. dor of Santa Anna, issued a decree for the dissoln. lion of Congress. The Dlctutor was nt lliut time nt Quel eturo, nt the head of some 8000 men, on his march against the revolutionists in Jalisco. No sooner wits it krown in M. xico tlmt the urhitrn. ry decree Imtl been promulgated than an immense excitement was created among nil classes. The Chambers at unco made three protests, besides tt proclamation to the citizens ; but before they could, have thorn printed. Cnnulizo issued n peremptory or. derthut till the printing offices, with the single ex ception of that of El Diurio del Gobicrno, Santa Anna’s own paid organ, should ho closed, mid that, publications of every description were expressly forbidden. When those lyrunical decrees transpir ed the excitement ruse to such a pitch tlmt all bust', ness w as suspended, and groups of m -u collected, in ali quarters to talk over the obnoxious measures und prepared to act as circunisttim-os might dictate. Cuualizo in tlto meantime, seeing that affairs were- coming to a crisis, tied deeming himself unsafe, col.. lec'ednl tho palace nil tho troops lie could gather-,. some 2000 in number, mid shut himself up witib them. Burundu, Rt jun [the l itter a name liecon* familiar to the people oi' the United States] tsaij Salas, throe of Santa Anna’s minions, also tco’c refuge in tho pnluuo nt lliu same time.. During the 4th nntl 5th of December the excite ment continued, with little or no abatement ut any time. Early on the Gilt largo numbers of the-in habitants, comprising not only llie leperos nod mid dling classes hut all tho most wealthy and respeolu- blo citizens, gathered with arms in their lintn i*,. at the Convent of San Fiat cisco. Here the worn- bors ol Congress, having been driven I’rotsi the Chambers, Imd assembled, among them lining, gen erals, Hurreru, Gmcin, Cmulo and Cespedes. I’re- iotts to this the greater pnit of the troops in the garrison mid in la Cmrludnlu hud really pronounced in favor of the revolution. Generals, Conde and Cespedes had coma front the Hx.Aeordndn, w here ihe movement was going on,and reunited themselves with the deputies in the Convent. From litis place, us ive loam by some of the ne. counts, the etttiie body—members of Congress,, citizens, leperos and all—inarched to tlto principal piaza in front of tho palace, and ordered Canalize to surrender—giving him two hours to reflect and no more. Wu might hero state that this pnlttco is near tho centre of tho oily, and lias been tho scene of many revolutionary conflicts, as its haltered walls can testify. Thinking that Itis officers and soldiers would land by him, Canalize prepared to attack the citi zens, mid cnllod upon his troops to nutko a sortie.— At this crisis, one uf Ins officers exclaimed tlmt he was Ihe soldier of no tyrant, hut of tho nation, nntl then situated,"Long live, the Congress.” This cry was taken on by tlto ranks suitemed in the palace, when Cnnulizo ut once fled in •consternation to his apartments. Previous to this, the different bodies in the Con vent of San Francisco having without a dissenting voice approved of it. Got). B,errors sent n letter or despatch, dated from the C< invent nt 2 o’clock in tho afternoon, tnCaualizu. We give the purport of Gen. Herrera states, that being empowered by the Constitution of the Republic, and depending upon him (Gen. Cnnulizo) for tho complete estab lishment of order, und further to prevent the effu sion of blood, he asks him to give orders to the end that tho Constitutional Government may re main in the full exercise of its powers. Gnu. H. continues to the effect that this is u service w Inch a love of good order ami of country demand of Gen. C.,und further stales that if lie desires the purpura, ationnf the good name of the nation, the avoid ance of troubles in the capital, und difficulties tu> himself of great magnitude, ho must comply with his requests. The answers of Gen. Cunnlizo, for there nre two of them, are very short, mid .<e give them oil- lire. Here is the first despatch or note : Exmo Sr :—In order to avoid any unfortunate scenes or events in this cnpitul, I am ready imtnedi. ately to deliver tip the command, and to evacuate this place ut once,If guaranties tire conceded to me. "God and Liberty. National Palace of Mexico, December 6, 1844, 2 1.2 oelnck in tlto afiernon, Volcntin Canahzo.—To Itis Excellency, General of Division, D. J. Joaquin do Herrera.” In half an hour afterwards, General Cuualizo sent another despatch, which reads as follows : Exmo, Sr :—The guaranties of I spoke in my last despatch, which I have just sent, arc, that pass ports to leave the Republic shall ho given to myself, to live four ministers, and to the cominundauto gen. oral. "God and Liberty. National Puhicc of Mexico, December G, 1844, 3 o’clock in the afternoon.— Valentin Canalizo.—To th: Senor General of Di vision, D. J. Joaquin do Herrera.” Canalizo must have been in a desperate hurry w hen he penned these notes ; but, fearful ns the emergency was.it wus not so pressing us to induce him to nbnle one tittle of Itis bombastic name ar.d official dignities, as an enumeration of them makes up the bigger part of itis epistles. Perhaps lie feared that if he shortened his appellation the peo ple would Inka the hint and shorten itis stature to suit the abbreviation. Wo sen no account of the manner of his capture which look place in tlto afternoon of the Gth ; but it is certain that he wits detained n prisoner in tlto palace, together with Salas, the cuintnamlunto gen. oral as lie is called. Tho Ministers of War and of the Homo Department It id been set nt liberty upon giving security, while llejon and Barandu had mudo their cscupo. General Herrera immediately issued a proclama. lion to the inhabitants of Mexico, which is of great significance. It imports that the deposed Govern ment of Mexico entertained designs entirely nntag. onisticul to the luws and liberties of the country.— lie next demands und entreats all good citizens to come to tho suppoitof the public authorities, and to uid in the inainteiiunco ol order und legal rule, lie implores the population of the cotinliy to stand by him, lie having been called to command (or the mere purpose, os he alleges, of serving the country, lie asserts that not only tho principal citizens of the Republic, but the prominent officers of the gar rison of the city of Mexico, hnve invited him to as sutoe the reigns uf power, in order that general disorder should not ensue from the embarrassed stato of the Republic. On the 7th of December, Gen. Horrera was np. pointed Provisional President of the Republic with a cabinet as follows; JJnn Luis G. Cuevas, Minister of Foreign Relations ; Don Mariano River Palaci os, of Justice end-Public Instruction; Don Pedro Echevarria, of Internal Affairs ; Gen. Pedro Car- cia Conde, of War and Marino. On thecveiilug of the Gilt und during tho whole of tho 7th of December the greatest rejoicings look place in the city of Mexico, uceompuniod by many acts, which show thu deep detestation in which Banin Amin was held, A number of Itis portraits in the public places wore drowned through the streets, turn into fragments, and every lepero preserved u piece us a memento of their oppress til’s downfall. The statue of Santa Aaan in Ihe plaza was tumbled down, broken into pieces, and thu head borne in triumph through the city. It is also suited thnl tlie crowd intoxicated with joy end fran tic with revenge, afterwards proceeded to the mon ument where tlto leg of their Dictator lind been bn tied with so much pomp n year or two since, broke it into atoms, und then kicked and drugged tlto cm bnlmcd litnb through the plazas nml principle thor oughfares. While till this wus being enacted by the mob, the more prominent citizen* were rejoic ing heartily in the chnnge of Government. Men sagos ol congratulation In-tween fl, u tiiumpltnnt trail [louse were interchanged, uml the new President, Herrera, was Whited upon by crowds, who appear- ed most joyous in obtaining relief from tlm despot ic rule under which they hnve groaned since the downfall of Bosliiincnle. S.irlt were the scenes enacted in Mexico—great were Ihe rejoicings till over the country. Tlm revolution ng-iinst Santa Area appears to he genornl, yet we lienr id little blood-hod except nt J.ilnpn, where u ft tv pursuits were killed- At Piichl-i the iiihuhilunts rose its w itlt one voire, Imn- b!cd down the statue, of the obnoxious tyrant, und tore his portrait into n thousand tatters. The revolution til Vera Cruz broke out on the 9th inst., and notwithstanding this may lie consider- ered as one of Strata Anna’s strongholds, tho pop ular feeling against him appears In have been al most unanimous. Tiie grito, or cry. W'ns first mis ed a few miles front the city by Col. Senobio, who. with n few hundred ful'otvers declared in fuv.tr of Congress. Soon after. Don Renito, Qnijitno, Gov ernor of Vera Cruz pronounced against Strata An- an and in favor of tho Congress, trad immediately ull was excitement nml rejoicing. Tho populace first tore the portrait of the Dictator into tntlo-s mill then burnt it in the plaza, after which they pro ceeded in crowds towards tlto houses of the citi zens who were obnoxious from their known friend ship for Strata Anna, (bursting for vengeance and threatening to take their lives. Owing to the efforts of the CommnndanloGeneral their lives w ere spared, he promising the populace that all those who Imd made themselves inimical to thn best interests of the people should bo banished the city. On the following day order was completely res tored, the citizens in the meantime forming them selves into tniliittry bodies to resist nny attempts that might lie made by Santa Anna and his friends. On the evening nf the 12th of December the trag edy of "Brutus, or Rome Made Free," was per formed nt the theatre, in honor of the success of the revolutionists. Here we will insert ntt extract of a loiter to a gentleman in this city, showing the completeness of the revolution. It is dated, "Vera Cruz, Dec. 11, 1844. “ As fitr us I can learn, no p ! ace hold out for Santa Anna. Jalnpn, Perote, Orizaba and Cordo va Imve pronounced, and the great man’s fall ap pears to mo inevitable. I do not see n loophole for him to creep out of, and I shall be glad if I tint the first to give you this decisive news. “ This lias been n revolution of public opinion. Nat n sword has been drawn nor a drop of blood spill; and, amidst nil the apparent disorder of n revolution, and with no military to restrain the pop iiliico. no excess lias been committed. "Here Santa Anna’s portrait was taken out of the Municipnl Rooms and thrown to the populace, w ho lore it into a thousand pieces. Tiie grentust enthusiasm prevailed ; and, ns I said before, in the midst of nil this confusion, there is not u single in stance of any excess having boon committed.— This is tho triumph of popular opinion over the forco of arms, and is tiiu commencement of anew era in the existence of the Mexicnn Republic.” Anna ua, it I tlw U«l Mdounla nt Quoi-ola ro, where he had yet about 2500 inert—the remain, dor of the large army that accompanied him thith er liming deserted his sinking fortunes. Were this force composed ol altogether trustworthy men it would seem almost impossible that lie has any chance to escape the enemies by whom he is sur- rotiudotl. It is asserted tlmt tho new Government offers him no terms short of Itis pitying op the twelve millions of dollars oi the public money lie is charged with having uselessly .squandered or ap propriated to his own private purposes. This con. dition it can scarcely be possible to execute, and in default of complying with it, the deposed tyrant is threatened with death. We have given such a synopsis of the intelli. gence brought hy tlto Fortune ns will enable the public to form an accurate idea of the condition of the revolution in Mexico and the position of Santa Anna’s nffuirs. We might Imve gone more into detail and traced the progress of the movement in the various departments of the Republic ; but an unnecessary multiplicity of the incidents would ru. (her confuse the minds of readers, not intimately acquainted with the geography and personnel, of tiie country tlmn ad J to tho forco of such as are ad equate to a proper comprehension of the posture of Mexican affairs. Mr. Cushing—Robbery of his papers in Mex ico.— We learned verbally yesterday, that tlto Hon. Mr. Cushing, late Minister to Chinn, hud sailed from Vera Cruz for Nctv York. It is reported that he came down safely from the city of Mexico with all Itis public documents, but Itis servant, who followed next liny with his private papers, was rob. bed ol every tiling on the road by tho iadroues. If, aswearo fearful, Mr. C's. notes of travel were among these papers, the loss is truly a great one. A Ghost Storv.—Some years have now passed since the son of u merchant in lltn west of Eng. land Imd occasion to nmke a voyage to N. America, for the settlement of some nffuirs with that foreign branch of the house, leaving n sister in delicate health, hut not absolutely an invalid, at home.— lie arrived sufuly, oml was received under the rool of Itis brother, who managed the business in Amer ica. A few days after Itis urrivul lie made his ap pearance at lliu break List table with un aspect so wo.begone and httggnrd tlmt his brother was alarm ed : 'You are not well,’said lie ; ‘ivlint is the mat ter?’ ‘Nothing: I urn quite well in body.’ ‘Then brother, something has happened : do not canccnl it from me.’ There was a pnuso ; and then the older born, looking steadfastly in Itis brother’s fucc said ‘Mary is dead : 1 saw her last night !’ ‘Our sister?’ ‘Yes.’ In vain did the younger brother reason with the elder upon the fully of giving away to such delusions. The solemn reply was, - vlte is dead, I saw her and spoke with Iter at Itnlf past twelvo last night.’ Finding all remonstrance vain, the younger noted Ihe lime, not with nny belief in the fatal announcement ; but for tiie purpo-e of hereafter convincing Ids brother of tho ubsurdity ol yielding to such melancholy impressions.—The business which led the elder brother uhroatl having been transacted, he returned to England : nnd, when the ship tlmt brought him hutiie came in an chor, Itis fultier’s bout, in which was an old servant of thu family, canto alongside, lie was in mourn ing. 'How ure iny fallter und mother ?’ hastily inquired tiie son. 'Master ar.d mistress arc quite well, sir,but ’‘You need not goon; my sister Mary is dead ; she died on the —lit’—naming the month and hour. And it was so.—Hood's Maga zine. A quaint writer says:—"I have seen women sn Jolicalu that they were afraid to ride, for fear of the horse running away; afraid lo sail, for foar the boat might overset; afraid to walk, for fear the dew might fall; but I never saw ono tlmt was afraid to be marrid. " [c U »SS.fO»*tW« •* TH«‘CHA«UUTO» COUal**.] Washington, Jan. 3. At the caucus, held last night by the democratic member* of (he House, it was determined, upon tlto recommeiiuathm of their committee heretofore np. pointed, lo luke up tint subject of annexation this tiny. It was agreed not lo adopt at present uny particular plan of annexation, but to alibi'd ail op portunity lor the discussion uf eucii uf die several plans that Imve been proposed. Accordingly I lie Iioiiso, this morning, went into Coimnitluu of tho Whole, and ori motion of Mr. C. J. Ingersoll, look up tiiu bill reported from the Committee on Foreign AlKtits for the unnexation of Texas. The other schemes proposed l»y different individuals—Messrs Belser, Dougin**, Weller, nnd others, were uLo be- fore tin-Committee ol lliu Whole. Mr. C. J. logiirsoll opened tlm debate, mid spoke an hour in a very interesting manner on the gener al. subject. Amotion was Hindu to allow him to continue hot ho declined it, though ho hud not ft .- jslicd. Mr. lngeraoll dwelt on mu immil'eslmioii of public sentiment in ftiior of minexution. tho in- crra.-eil favor with which the measure was tegaid- < d of lute, &c. He insini il that if Texas hud burn annexed at tiie Into ses-imi it uoiijd Imve been pro. duetivu of no excitement, nnd lliut in ten days there would huvu bri n a general acquiescence in tiiu measure. 11 - showed that it would not involve us in any difficulty with K gland, Mexico or Franco, trad Hint even if it were to Imve I hat effect, it was now lime lu declare thul no foreign nation should interfere in our affairs. He urged the policy of the measure upon the Southern Stines, nnd invoked that nalitmai .-pun w hielt Imd heretofore been displayed in every great emergency hy every part of the Union, l'. e question, lie sunl, tv.is a iiutiunul nnu, though in some sense broad as the north eastern boundary question was, upon whielt the whole country was prepared lo ai t ns otto man, Mr. Belsci.ot Alabama, followed, and maintain ed tlto position lliut tlto legislative authority wus adequate to the nuitexulion of m-vv territory to tho union, lie replied lo the position of Mr. Culiutin on this subject, and Contended that Lmiisiniia could have been annexed by legislative net as well its by treaty. 1 here was no express provision in lliu con stitution to bring in foreign territory, but it was a power necessarily belonging to sovereignty, nud could ho exercised in any of the three w ays point ed out l>v the Constitution. Ho explained nnd urg ed the plan which ho Imd proposed. Mr. liigursull’a plan udupts and enacts tlto provi sions of tlto treaty. Mr. Belscr’s simply provides tlmt 1 e.xus be annexed with the consent of Iter au thorities; lliut possession lie taken of it; n tempo, rttry Government established,and the country pro leolod from foreign invasion. Tito House adjourned after Mr. Belser’s sp ecli. Tiie Senate did not sit to-dav, I* tsti without Eves and the Mammoth Cave of Kentucky.—Many of our readers Imve doubt- loss been apprised of tiie exiraordinury fact, that tiie Mammoth Cave of* Kentucky ims within it u lake in which are" fish without eyes;” but it hits been left to our totvnmuii. Dr. Dentiiold, so well and favorably known us one of the most eminent Surgeons of the uge, to make the effort lo transfer these wonders of tiie great cave to tlto Savans of l’uris. In tiie course ufhis correspondence and in terchange of civilities with the distinguished seten- tific men of the Continent, lie has alluded to litis strange fact in natural history, so clearly demon strating thnl the Almighty creates nothing without u purpose; and finally determined, if possible, to procure some specimens to he forwarded to Puris. This, through tho agency of tlto Hon; James K. Paulding, nnd the kindness of Dr. Crognn, he Ims accomplished , nnd the specimens are now in itis possession in good health and fine condition, at his office in Broadway. Mr. Paulding, whose writings and richly eurned literary reputation, Imve mudo him hotter known in Europe than his having filled the office of Secretary ol the Navy, Ims addressed Dr. Denlt.old u letter on the subject, which wu pro. sumo will be forwarded with the specimens to which it refers, and from which we are permitted to make the following extract : Extract of a letter from J. K. Paulding to Dr. Dcntnoid: "The Mammoth Cave is within a few miles of Green River in the Stato of Kentucky, so called from its waters being ol'tho color of the sen. it is the largest cavern in thu known world, having ei ther thirty or thirty-two uvoniies radiating from the area within tho cnlerencc, each one extending lo tiie distance of ten miles under tho earth. A man therefore, in going and returning through these nv. onties, would cover a distance of upwards of six hundred miles. The temperature is uniform eve. ry where and nt nil times, being about forty do. grees, 1 think; the air is perfectly dry, and the earth strongly impregnated with suit poire, which preserves every thing from decay. Some years ago, tho body of a female Indian wus found there, enveloped in basket-work, and wrapt up in aspe cts of Indian cloth of which I once possessed a specimen, which I gave away to a friend, it was t\ perfect mommy, and without doubt centuries old. Almost every separate upuilmont of this cave is incrusted or ornamented with stulactities or mmlifi. cations ofmineral substances—some of pure irons, parent crystal, others more or lusu opaque ; and nothing can equal the splendor of tiio former when illuminated by the light of flumbenux. Some distance from iho mouth of tiio cave, and far enough within, to involve tlto spot in profound, as well us perpetual darkness, is a small Lake, con. taining Fish without eyes, of which I have procured you four as specimens. There are also in il craw, fish equally destitute of the organs of sight, as I am informed by Dr. Croghnn, ihe gentleman who sent me these strange fishes. In another pnrt of the cove, the sound of a Water Full can distinctly ho heard, though the darkness is so profound, and the cavern whence it issues so deep, lliut ns yet, no one has ventured lo explore its recesses, it is itt fact u little subterranean world, and well nicr. its tiie attention of scientific travellers, us ulsoof the ndtnirers of the wonders of nature, ranking as it does among her works, with the Fulls of Niannra, the River Mississippi, und other gigantic creations. The Mammoth Cavo is the property of Dr. John Croghan. of Locust Grove, near Louisville, Ken tucky, a mail ol science as well ns of extonsive property above ground and under ground, who, with the liberality of Itis native State, permits nil Literary and Scientific. Institutions in ull parts of the world, lo make collections of its various miner als, &c., and is nt nil times ready to give his cuun. tennnee us well as his aid to intelligent and scientif ic visitors. Important.—The children and heirs at law of Mary Brown, deceased, lute the wife of James Brown,and sister to Win. Stewurt, deceased, will rec ive a largo sum of money hy making them selves known to J. M. Williams, at Lebanon, Warren county, Oniu. Editors, by noticing tho above in their papers, will entitle themselves lo the thunks from orphans lliut may he, poor nmJ needy. A Goon One.—It is presumed to bo a general known fact, (ut least among married men,) that a species of grass cloth lias been worn the past sum mer, when manufactured in ladies’ shirts,—and which gave tile person wearing il quite un increas ed rotundity uf form. A butchelor clergyman, oil saluting a couple of his lutntile friends, during thu chat, remarked lu Ilium witlt some surprise—.“Why bless mo ! how fleshy you have both grown !” “Yes," replied one of tiie lair ones, “hat you know thu scriptures say, 'ull flesh is grass, after ail.” A Smart Woman.—"Did you ever aec unv of the popular uovels ?” said a city dame lo a country cousin. “No ma’am,” she replied, "but I have seen ‘pop lar trees-" How large u Texast-i T«..» n „„ swqr* llie inUKrognlory thus-—It J ft P l ’ r *«• 000 square miles, trail i« („q *'*• #1*. lowing Suites unit, d : ' 01 die fo|. Sq’r iriles 48 000 48.000 50.000 Louisiana Mississippi Alubn inn, Georg! t South Curolinn, Virginia 02,000 33 000 77,000 fu|. P "l'i't lMO 852 411 675.861 590,707 514 598 1.230,797 Total 318,000 4.467.410 Deatji of Roger M. Shermin. 'll,,. ti „ grr Mitral Slier,non. L. L. D.. died on "t one o eloek.nl I'aiifi-M. Conn., in ,| 1(l lj "' of his ago. Mr. Sherman was one ofJ? ^ distinguished of the sons of New England. I'AMILY Expenses—Fanners should |. act accounts of every article that is |„i r ,.| lu , Borne charge all the expenses of the week h t purchased goods and of the produce which' mire trail consume. The latter practice i. , '■":• pi n£.va- no! much used to writing. But if |,e Itai c hil!l they may Hike good lessons trad learn lo write keep fntr accounts at the stmo time. “ na ^ cl it is not of so much consequence to a fn to note dim u wlmt he consumes from his a*., r‘T. er tts w hat he must pay for it, cash, or i„ equi j"*' llu nmv count us nothing nil that is e u , si l., from ins own grounds—all these are |,j d qtiisiles, and whether his family eats three hlK weight of pot k, or four hundred. <i liisovvn it lie will not mind the difference. So of ,jn h garden produce; a little more or less, cun, umedlf Itis own family from his own wholesale store, w not much affect his slunding ut the clusa nfil yenr. Ule But he must look well to Itis purchases from oik ers, uml particularly at retail prices. If |, e i,,"' fort,mate us to live very near n shop or store where he can have all mnnnerof fancy articles, as Ue || necessaries which Itis family needs—and j, " without cash in hand, or even an order undirT* own sign manual—he should l0 j, „ lu j ' once a month, or the account w ifi u ; ruthorhrttr than Ito anticipated. “ As we think there is a marked m-m c;i - Vt w . purchased goods and those of one’s duclion, wo would most seriously advise every dining farmer to keep an exact account of a'l purchases, though he may be careless in other re specls* If he has ten in his fttntilv, lie may be obliged to buy two or three hundred ‘dollars worth of clothing und \V. I. goods in u y ear. In r ,. e , r( j lo clothing lie will profit by purchasing cloth by the quantity und have il iniide up in his own houie. If his wilc knows nothing of tailoring |,u Iter go front homo and learn something of the art, or let Imt hits n woman, for u week, who can tench her the nidi, ntenls. All the daughters can then learn,and they will ull find this quite as necessary tut occouipliib. .•neat, when they route to housekeeping, as playing on Hie piano or lliu guitar. The music loo will sound hotter fo a refined ear.—Mass. Ploughman. A 5ecrf.t Society.—Tiie New.York Sun ssyit Sometime since a most singular document wu placed in our possession, which wo did not then use partly because its contents were not at our ohto! lute disposal, nnd partly because wc did not give it the consideration to which subsequent events have proved it was entitled. Il contained in full detail the plan of an association or Secret Society in Mexico, whose members were ntutuully pledgedto labor for the political and absolute union of Mexico with the United States of the North, (lauuionpolit■ tea y absohUa entre los Estados Unidos itel Forte y Mexico,) and gives tile rensons for this hold und original determination. The names nppendedare among tho most influential in Mexico—men inti- tt lately acquainted with the spirit and workings of our institutions. The New England Dinner in New Yoiu. One toast was— “Tlto Sister Benevolent Societies,” To this a keen Irishman replied with a joke,that we’er afraid is not nil a joke. Mr. Roy hurt), of the St. Patrick Society, respon ded in ono of his udntirable little speeches, delivered in the rich trad racy patois of Itis country. He said, "Mr. President and gentlemen of Si. Join- than, (laughter.) I lipg pardon, the New England Society, | have heard a grant of Plymouth Hock, which, I am sorry to say, [ have never seen. I hope, however, one day to make a pilgrimage toil. (Cheers.) We Imve nlso n famous ruck or stone in Ireland, which we call the 'Blarney Stone.’— (Laughter.) But like his honor tlto iituyur, 1 don't much like long speeches. Soto come at onco tot close, let nte give you— "Plymouth Rock—the Blarney Stone of New Eng - land.”—(Roars of laughter for several tumult f.) Boston Chronicle. To wash Lace.—Take a square black bottle,and sew over it u piece of thick linen or coitun rag.— Wind the lace smoothly aroumi the bottle, securing the cuds und taking care that mi pnrt of the edge il crumpled or turned inward. Sew ttnotlier jiiicoof rag ull over litis outside, so ns entirely to cover the Inctt. Make a strong lutlter nf white soap with cold, clear, water, (if filtered the better) trad put it into* large stono jar or crock, standing the bottle upright in the suds. Put the crock on n stave or furnace, and boil an hour more. Take out tlto bottle, wash the crock, and fill it with clear cold water in which you liuvc mixed a table spoonful of s'urclt. Replace tlto bottle,and let it lignin come ton boil. When you luke out the bottle reinuvo the upper cummig und dry tiio luce in the sun on the under li..cit.—— Take il off tiie bottle, and smooth it over with a coni iron, carefully passing out eucii scollop of the edge. To clean Bonnet Strings.—'i’uko them off, rub powdered clay on the pacts Hmiure must soiled,and then roll the strings lig'i !y round a ribhon.block, securing the the end with a minikin pin, Wrttpop the block with the ribbon, in coarse brown paper, and pul it away till next day. Then renew the clay, ond put it nuny again. By repeating litis proceM thu rihlion will become quite clean. Then brushou tlto clay. A durk or full colored bonnets ribbon, which has been worn ull winter, mnybomatieto last another season by taking it off in the spring, cleaning the stiiugs, ns above, with VVilmiogton cluy, (lor which magnesia is a tolerable substitute,) and lolling ull the ribbon on blocks ; afterwards wrapped in brown paper. When opened for use it will bu found to look surprisingly well. Magnesia powder wi• I remove grease spots from silk. Camuhor Spirits.—There is both cO'tvriia'BCS md ec onomy in preparing liquid camphor yourself !*** to house should tie without it. Buy two ounces ol gutn c ttnpltor, ami a pint ami a half of spirt's uf (a'cohol ) Break up tho camphor, pick it clean, s'" pul it into a large glass buttle or jar—cno witlt * stopper, will he lies’—pour on the a cuhol, and corkt closely tying a piece of kid leather over the top- *”*» day you will find tho camphor entirely dissolved. present convenience, transfer a portion of it to si** Pottles or phials. In buying phials, it is best •■•'J* to gel tlie short wide ones that will stand IlictuseJv To take camphor as a remedy for faintness, pour * ■* drops into a hall a wineglass of water; stir it a ’ and drink it. Camphor is excellent to sprinkle sbetl ■irk-ruem. It is well lo keep in a second bottle as 0 ™ what different preparation lo bo used in bathing hirebead for nervous headache, or ns »n embrocAH tor rheumatic) paittes. For these purpuses, 111,1 dissolving the camphor in alcohol only, pour on it Sf ’ its of ivmo and whiskey mixed in equal proportwW' Thusd,luted, it will cause toss irritation to the • That Boy I—"What can you do my boy! cau do mowin’ cons.deruble, I rides the turlt'S* ter, milks the geese, cards down the old rooatiGt up tho pig’a tails in papers to m»ko eaten , str-ngs Hie grasshoppers, snd makes fires to co i-