Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

ae i»WH> i M4$.b»wW r^ta !■ K*«Tt«« A*D 1 #Al«ir40TM!||*.- theaftarribis times.#mi woreeproapact*. Uk« many othgg.lftauier*, cutaneous r*i (Lotion to tha situs, aion.qf.tins CDtiou.givwai‘,1 have ceute toiwo cun. •dieta*.^,, Ttaiavtv if every one raise hie own meal and bre^'horara sud mule*, it will nut eubauco the ,priae Mculluu sufficiently tu afford us visible and sensible relief, Those things must be uliouded to, and without delay t but they fall .short **f the mark. We must look lor permanent relief front like in* dueeweet* held out le the culturo of the augur cnee and hemp. The duty on sugar aud melasses omMlfe maintained, aud the iuieresl of tite -cotton pl»ii|nr would be promoted, if tite duty wore great, ■er. It ietu the iutareatrif theoatiuii grower that every fool of laud suitable for the culture of cane, should be so employed, end thereby out of the cot ton basin***. It ia the samu with hemp. The die pip busiuoae now employs many bauds tliui would otherwise he brought to the cotton region. And if the price of coituu continue depressed, mu sty planters on the river, above Vicksburg, would abandon its culture and go to raising hemp ; «»pe- claily,-if the doty pit the latter were fully adequate to Ml* purposes of the protective system. As regards maiiulucluriag, the macs of oar cit. tzena dou’l uuduralaud the subject. They have never had the henetils of observation or experience of its advantages. Speculation and thenrizing won’lonlightou tiioir minds. You may write and publish and speuk from year’s end to yoar’s cod, ■andyou will bod yourself just wltete you started front. You may tell an intelligent planter that a largo woollen factory established in Hinds would b# a market for uli the wool that could lie raised in the county, atnJ for all that would he raised lo •eserai adjoining, and he will reply, “perhups so.” and pas* on without bestowing unotber thought to the sbbjocl. But, establish the factory, and in two years I list tame planter would be looking out for u flock uf sheep, for the purpose of raising wool to sell at the factoiy. You may tell another that live hundreds of hands employed in and about a largo factory, must have dood, and that supplying them with pork, beef, mut ton, corn, potatoes, peas, vegetables, fowls, butter, -eggs, die., would be the beat of markets, and lie will turn from you with an incredulous smile. But, 1 establish the factory, and the same man will inform you, with exultation and umnznmcnt, “why, sir, I make more money by selling the surplus of my plantation to factory people, than I do from the whole of my cotton crop.” We wanlocculur demonstration. Wc must see afhetoryin operation, before wc will do justice to the business. And Hinds had better follow the exnm- ple Of the enlighloned planters of Warren, Offer a premium of so many bales of cotton, amtuaily dor five years, to-those who will establish a factory incur aaunty. Madison will come next, if she do cot get uhead of all. PH1LO-HINDS. Improving Land by Green Manures.—-It is be lieved by some lliutthe best kind of vegetable growth /or fuming in, in the form of green manure, is In. Mian corn sown broadcast. H it he intended to np. a lima lo the land, it would be well to do so the before. Then as early in the spring as cir cumstances w.il! permit, sow corn broadcast, say 3 or 4 bushels to the acre, and as soon as it has grown as high us it cun conveniently be turned under, with a deep-working plough, turn it under, and irn- mediately sow another crop the same way, turning that under as before but with a medium plough run crossways uf the previous furrow. In the middle and southern States threo crops can thus be turned under in one season. It is believed Hint no sys tem of manuring or renovation except the heaviest application of stable manure, can compare with 4hii plan in its results. If the land be very poor •the first crop will he very light, but light us it may (be,it will add a very considerable portion of the -element* of vegetable nutriment to tliu soil ; and ithui the second crop will be greater improved, and ■the third will be all dial can he desired. It is be* lieved that in this four times as much improvement will be eff; cled iii one season as can by means of clover in three or four yeurs. For this purpose, furtners in the North should use the tall kinds of southern corn, as being uf more rapid growth, and furnishing vastly more matter for the soil.—Culti. voter. dfc' ' ■ '* ' ' * Indian Coin.—This klt%of vegetables, being 1 j 4 native of this country, and Stowing here hi great- Mptf >fl ffQMi IIIQ nw.&al.nn llinn u-Iiasb also (<ait nnl 1 r»» nWlllll !?! > perfection than any wharihlsp, cannot impr ove jmama sieve lu nppeiiio, wap at ratted for using ia.Mmrtf but to the ^ importation from Abroad | and, as farmeto gen prolWlaugiiage—fought tibfore the Justice, and u . . orally are more careful in III# aoleotion of thu seed of course lined ; and in default of which he was want#.—Having, in ofihi, grain than any other, It is not only preserved to he incarcerated sixty days in the House of Cor. Making Mamubk.—The chief, the grand objocl with every farmer, should be the accumulation of manure, from oue year’s end to another, day in mid day out, and from every possible resource. Not a single pound of feathers, or of hair—of horn or of hoof - ■ not a single pint of ashes, or of soap suds, or of urine—not a weed, if it were possible to prevent it, should be lost— aJI should be saved andconverted into, manure. Of one thing every funner is certain —that cultivation exhausts his land—something, of course, must bo done to restore that of which it is exhausted. How long will a liorse work if lie gets no feed ? How long will the best cow give milk if she gets nothing to eat? Neither can a farm be worked and milked w ithout being fed. Instead of looking only to tite stable, of the cow- pon, or barnyard for manure, and managing them carelessly nud unskilfully, the thinking farmer will reflect, that there is nothing which will rot, hut whet may be converted into good fattening loud for Ilia fnrm. If a horse dies on the farm, let him be . covered with curt-lnads of eurlh, and the very gas se* that escape in the course of putrefaction, will impregnate and make good manure of the whole . mass. Let nothing he lost—not even the offul of poultry or .pigeon house.—Germantown Telegraph. EsrEBdMSNT WITH Guano.—I had ploughed one acre of green sward about the 1st of August, di. vided it into equal parts, for quantity and quality, sm near as could be. On the 3d of August, on one. half! spread 51 bushels unleached ashes—on the other half I sowed broadcast, 250 lbs guano—then sowed turnip-teed broadcast, through und through ; then harrowed all in, going through and through, without regard to the division. In two weeks the line of division was perfectly perceptible to the eye 100 rods distant. From that part on which the guano was sowed, I gath red 113 bush. •Is turnips. On the part ashed, 1 gathered only Aftbmbel*. The ashed turnips were gathered 4 •r ft days later than the guanoed 51 bush, ashes at If. 98 50, produced 43 bush, turnips; 250 lbs. guano, 2cls. 97 50, produced 113 hush.—New htudmpap. Cob Mbal.-Messrs. Editors.—I noticed soino- Usse since, an articlo in your paper, (editorial I think,) in which it was urged upon farmers to grind their cobs, as the meal was valuable for many purposes on the farm—particularly for poultry, hogs, and stock. Oo the strength of this suggestion I acted, and I can now assure you, so well satisfied am l with the grain than any other, It ia uot only preserved from degeneracy, but improved varieties me often produced. No plant better repays care und atten tion than this kind ; and it may be presumed, that the limits of perfection have nut yet been reached, uithor in the improvement of varieties or the meili- od of cultivation.—JV. IT Visitor. Ilow TO ORT NEW VARIETIES OF POTATOES.— When the vines uie done growing und ure turning blown the seeds is ripe ; then take the balls and string with n largo neudly and strong thread hang them in a dry place, where they will gradually dry and mnturo, without danger of injury from frost.— In tho mouth of April, souk the halls for several hours from the pulp ; when washed and dried, they are til for sowing in rows, in n bed well prepared in tho gnrdeu ; thoy will sprout in a fortnight ; they must be attended to like ullier vegetables.— As they increase in size they should bo hilled. In the autumn many of them will be the size of a wal nut, and from Ihnt to a pen. In the follwing spring they should he planted in hills ; placing the large ones together.' Old Pickle for Pork.—Borne persons place a high value on old pickle for preserving pork, even as high as a dollar a gallon, ns they find that it possesses superior properties for keeping the meal sweet and good- It being nlready charged with the juices of meat, it will not so readily extract them from a fresh lot with which it comes in contact. They who value this article so highly, saving it for six or seven yenrs, will pul down pork in the hot test weather in summer, with very little addition of salt, and it keeps perfectly pure. The pickle should not lie scalded, hut strained, to lake tho sedi mi nis out of other matter. Nobli, Aot or Gov. Briggs.—8otnctlm# In i|ie early pari of tho present full, a poof, unfortunate ve lu nppeiiio, was a treated for using Berkshire Pigs. — (Jnlvtn Rood, Esq., of Shef field, on the 15t!i November, killed a hog which weighed when dressed 510 pounds. Tho hog was 15 months old only. Also, ill the same time, nn- ollier which was only 18 months old, and which weighed at the lime of the purchase, about the 15th of Nov. 1843, 137 pounds. It weighed when dressed, 651 pounds. Allowing the shrinkage in dressing to equal the weight duily of more than ljj pounds.—Great Harrington Courier. A Warning to Farmers.—Yesterday morn ing several loads of large, well fatted and well dress, ed hogs were brought into the market,but they were all more or less tainted. They were loaded upon the sleds beforo the animal boat had entirely left the body, and though but a few hours hud elapsed they hnd bccomed tainted. It often happens that hogs are brought into market frozen upon the sur face, while taint is working nt the buck hone, on account of not being led lo gel clear of the animal heat. Haste in getting lings to market, in such coses, is productive of great waste.—Bangor Con r’sr. Peas from Seed 3000 years old.—Mr Grim- stone, ofthe Highgate Herbary, has succeeded in raising peas from a single Egyptian pea, found in a vase in a mummy tomb probably 3000 years old! Ho says of it :—Ilis pea stems right and loft, the mother stems being very strong so that I should im agine them eapublc of standing without the aid of sticks- This pen is in height about 3 feet. Its principle in henring is curious, having its pod only on one side.—English paper. Butter Pudding.—Beat up from four to six eggs with a quart of milk, add a little suit, and flour enough lo muke it pour with ease, three.quuilers of an hour. Apple Pudding.—Pure and slew three pints of apples, mnsli them, nud add four eggs, one quarter ofa pound of butler,sugar and nutmeg, or grated lemon. Bake it on short crust. Candles that do not require Snuffing.—Can. dies inuy lie made to hum their own wicks by sut. uraling them with a strong solution of nitre, and then thoroughly drying them. 'The cause of the wicks refusing to burn is, that the air cannot gut ac. cuss to them. The nitre, however, at u high tern- perature, will supply oxygen enough for tiiispur. pose. Value ofIrrigation.—A small field of poor and almost valueless laud in Scotland being irrigated, tlie second ycur the burthen on nn imperial acre being weighed, it was found to liuve yielded l>,680 lbs. of well dried buy.—American Agr. Adulteration of Guano.—Our renders have already heard much of Guano, the new manure that is now brought by slop loads from the coust of Pe ru, Africa, &c. This now forms a subject for the bump of rascality lo exhibit itself by adulterating it. We see by the papers from England, that several ships have left England fur guano, with gypsum (plaster of Paris,) for ballast. This will he mixed with the guano, and thereby adulterate it. Quite a game has been carried on by mixing umber witlt the Peruvian guano, alter tile rate of 15 cwt. to 5 cwt. of the guano. A pretty soitof manure this would make.—Maine Farmer. reetton. Not being ublo to “raise the w ind,” lie whs finally affined release by paying the cost und finding security fur good behavior, lor three months in tite sum of ftlOO. lie flew around among those wlui had made him drunk, and iiad been tliu cause of his misfortunes, hut their hearts were steeled. With the Jug before Ids eyes—fumily of wile mid children depending on him, he met the Governor and itlling him his complaints und Ins wants, lie in thu true spirit of Wushingtnuian kindness sign ed the bonds with the unfortunate man—saved him from prison—restored him to his family, and we have not heard of his using the critter since. Go the Union over mid you cannot And another in stance of a Stale becoming surely for n man in that condition. Such Governors are scarce, hut Massachusetts has tliu honor of possessing such. T. D. Bonner. Imprisonment for Debt.—The Legislature of North Carolina seem determined limt, so far u< they cun control the matter, tlint misfortune unci crime shall no longer have the same degree of pun ishment meted out to them. A lull lius just been passed into a luw, “more effectually lo prevent the j ii, 0 Q0ih November nprisoimieiil of honest debtors ” It pruvid s, in u few words, that hereafter, no Ca Sa, shall bo is. sued against a debtor, unless tliu Plaintiff niukes af fidavit in writing, tlint the Defendant lius not pro perly lo sulisly sucli Judgment which can l-o reucli- cd by a fieri facias, or lius fraudulently concealed liis property, or is about to remove from the State. Power is also given to n Plaintiff, to proceed against hail at once, without Inning previously issued u Ca.Sa. against the Defend,ml. The cases will be rare indeed, hereafter, in North Carolina, when helpless families w ill he deprived of tiioir nnturul protectors, simply becm.se they have been unfortunate. The tendency of this law, we trust, will he to lessen the system uf unlimited credit, which loo generally prevuils in our country, mid is produc tive of deplorable consequences. The father of this Immune linv, is Mr. Halsey, of Tyrrell and Washington a true und genuine Whig. Coleman and his Invention.—Young Coleman, who lias effected such nn important improvement in the piano, writes from London by the Inst steam- er, that the Queen has signified to him through Mr. Everett lier wish to hear the new instrument—The third of December was llie day fixed for hie- visit to Windsor. A very complimentary letter from Benedict, tho Queen’s musical instructor, lias been addressed to Coleman. The writer says : “I can not express to you enough my admiration of your beautiful invention, which surpasses by far all my most sanguine expectations.” Ho admits lliul ho hail iiis misgivings ns in Coleman’s success in add ing his attach nenl to any piano except it was made for it expressly; “hut,” adds Benedict, ‘-having seen and heard it applied to one of Ernd’s host grand pianos, and feeling that it opens a new field to musiciuns, and must create an entire change in tlie manner of writing fertile piono forte, I do not for an instant hesitate to dcclire this lo be tlie most striking mid important improvement or invention that has been made for many years.” This is certainly u great triumph for an obscuro American hoy. The Alpaca at New York.—We think it lias been published that one of these animals has been imported into New York. But at nil events, it may be of interest to observe that tlie Alpacu yields a fleece "of seventeen pounds of line long silky wool. Some of these animals hnvc been car ried to England mid Scotland. They cunnot live in a hot climate, hut thrive on the slopes of the An des, and are said to be very hardy. Their flesh is something between mutton und venison. We should think these snimuU might do well on the rocky iiills of Maine und Vermont. It is said they will live where sheep would starve. As they travel well, they might be summered on tlie highest moun tains ail along tlie Alleghany ridge, and wintered in tlie valleys, as is done with the Marino sheep in Spain, and they are kept with little or no fodder. Guano —The Island of Ichaboe, on the African coast, is likely tu bo removed by the ouauo diggers. A letter in tlie Boston Duily Advertiser, says — Ichaboe, September 12. I arrived here two days since, and find the place completely weigtied full of vessels—over 200 sail here. Something over 30 vessels arrived to-dny, and mostly ships. The Island is all taken up, uud fully half taken away. I shall have to be over three months probably in getting loaded. On the 22d of tlie sum) month there were up wards of 3U0 suit at the island. ‘If wo ore to live after death, why don’t we have some certain knowledge of it ?’ said a skeptic to a clergyman. ___ ‘Whydid’nt you know that you were going to iwe * n im ? w ° rtj cume iier ° v wa#uic ' Naw York-—Tha Massage of Guv. Wright, Is u document of iimneMM length. It commatiocs with a view of tlie finances of tha Stale,, und .urge* that in I'utUMtr a tiijq shall lie Imposed h« every law uutliorizingjoans suiliciaiii to meet the interest up on llio loan to be iqadi), Tho productive eivpilnl’of the Common School Fund was on the 80lh September Iasi, 81,002.916 35, mid ilia revenues of tliu fund, received Hilo the treasury during the lust fiscal year, amounted lu 8133,828 51. The number of achoul districts in the Stnto. nr- ganized according lo the school law, is 10.090 from 101867 of which regular reports were received during tlie last year, allowing that the average lime, during which schools were kept open in these dis tricts, was oiglit months. Tho whole number ol children between tlie ages of five mid sixteen years, residing in tlie State, estimating those residing in the city of New York nt 10.000, was 690.448 ; and tiie w hole number of children nctonlly imiglil in the district scliuols of thu State w as 709.150, being mure than 50,000 beyond the number taught during the preceding pear. The capital of the United States deposilo fund is 84.014.520 71, the proportion received by New York of the surplus monies in thu United Slates, deposited with tlie Suites fur safe keeping by the act of Congress of 1830. Tho numherof prisoners confined at Auburn on last, hundred anil The Report SFrtSf iflkiwiilleo dl. IMI Legisln- ,uro m investigate the cn^itim. of tho 1 res.ury thtd Staid debt, which will be found Ift our columns to-day, cannot but be satisfactory to the people ..f uli classes. The Committee, composed uf gentle- melt of both parties, senm to liuve bnstowed much cure and labor on their investigations, und the statement* are so clear and so comprehensive, that it is scarcely nocessury to udd a word of comment. Appended to the Report is a table, presenting in detail tlie amount ol Siato Buildup llieir dales, by whom signed. &tc. <Szc„ which we omit, nud give instead tite following abridgement thereof, furnish, rd to our hand by tlie Augusta Chronicle Senli nel:— Amount of Bonds outstanding hearing 6 per cent interest, Annual Interest. Puyubie nt tho Treasury, •• in Augusta, o in Suvuuuuli, 81,325,250 69 645 9.195 075 879.515 $449,888 73 25,320 77 | Fifiy live, being hut twelve mure limn at ihucluso ol ! the previous year. j There were in tlie Smta LmiPtic Asylum, ut the ! Commencement of the last year, 190 patients and received into it during the year, 275, making the w hole number of cases within the year 471. Of this number 132 were discharged cured, 47 im proved, 16 not improved, and 10 died, leaving 260 patients in the iiislilulion ut the close of the year. Uf this number 131 were males and 129 females, anil patients were included from forty-nine of the fitly nine organized cuunlies of tlie Suite. Ground is taken against betting upon > lections. The Anti-Rent troubles arc alluded to, mid strong language is held in favor of sustaining tho The Message occupies more than sixty closely printed columns of the New York Courier. Phil. Enq. Kentucky.—Governor Owsley's Message.—Tlie Message of Gov. Owsley to tin) two 1 louses of the Kentucky Legislature wasdclivcred on the 31st uli. The message opens with mi account ofilio pub- lie debt of the Stale, which amounts to 84.09,000, beuring mi annual interest of two liunderd dollars. This interest, as it has hitherto uccrued. Ims been met promptly ; and tlie resources of the State, in. eluding tlie proceeds ofthe Sinking Fund, are con. sidered sufficient lo discharge tlie liabilities ofthe coining year. Yet in order that nil contingencies mny be guarded against, tlie Messoge recommends that certain revenues, not now included in the con tributions to the Sinking Fund, he added to that Fund in view of tlie requirements of the public nb ligations. “There is, 1 am sure,” says tlie Gover nor, “no sentiment in which nil parties in Kentucky more heartily unite, llinn that maintaining the faith and credit of the State ; and nothing would more likely bring upon representatives die displeas ure of llieir constituents than their neglect to pro vide whatever amount may bo required lojovei- oome contingencies, and meet with promptitude the demmids against the Slate whenever they become payable.” Besidos the funded debt of tlie State above men. tioned, tho Commonwealth is indebted to the Edu cation Fund something; over one million of dullu This indebtedness is provided for by oilier means that those which ora set apart for tile funded debt. Tlie current receipts into tlie'Treasury for tlie year ending Oct. 10, 1844, amounted to about 390,000; the disbursements to some 349,000— leaving u balance of about $41,900. The public debt uf Kentucky was created ly in ternal improvements, uli of which ure profitable to tho State, either in the way of direct returns to the Treusiiry, or by the facilities which they furnish for interior transportation and travel. Eight hun dred and ninety eight miles of roads formerly im- pussnble nt some seasons, have been converted In- lo macadamized turnpikes; and rivers to the ex tent of three hundred und sixiy three miles, from The End of Our Being.—The end of our he. ing is to oducate, bring out, und perfect the divines principles of <mr nature.—We were made and ure- upheld in life for this as our great end, that we inuy be true lo tlie principle of duty within us ; that wo nay pul down uli desire and appetite honeatli the in- ward law ; that we enthrone God, the infinitely perfect Father, in our souls ; that we may count " tilings as dross, in comparison with snnctiiy of heart and life ; that we may hunger and thirst for daily food ; that we may resolutely and honestlv seek for and communicate truth ; that disinterest- id love and impartial justice may triumph over ev ery motion of selfishness and every tendency tc> wrong doing ; in a word, tliut our whole lives, la bours, and conversation may express mid strength eti reverence for ourselves,lor our fellow creature*. Being navigable only ill limes of freshet, liuve been mid, above all, for God. Sucli is the good lor which we are made; and in order to this triumph of virtu ous and religious principles, we are exposed to tempation, hardship, and pain. Is suffering, then, inconsistent with God’s love ?—dimming. peculation.— A young man in an adjoining town (says the Chicago Democrat) was mightly smitten with tlie bounty uf a lady whose father had u suit at law which would forever muke or break him, and “popped the question.” she answered in the affirmative, and was expressing a desire fur im- nediute marriage, when lie thus interrupted her, -I cun have tlie refusal of you for six mouths, can t P” .nude navigable at all seasons A Rail Road, a so. from Lexington to Frankfort, has been put by the State’s meniiN in a condition for commodious travel and transportation. The receipts into tlie Treasury from the works of internal improvement are increasing yearly. The condition ofthe Penitentiary, partially des. troyed by fire ; the importance of giving more effi ciency lo the system of public instruction; wiili oth er allusions tu local matters of less moment, are the concluding topics of this brief, practical and ju dicious Messuge.— Ball. Am. Poverty is, except where them is an actual want of food and raiment, a tiling much more imaginary than reul, Tlie shame of povorly—the sliume of being thought poor—it is a grout and fatal weak- ness, though arising in this country from tlie fash ion ofthe times themselves.—Cobbetl. Silence is one great art of conversation. lie is not a tool who knows when to hold his longue: and a person may gain credit for sense, eloquence, wit who merely says nothing to lessen tho opinion which Olliers have of these qualities in themselves. —Ibid. Demolishing the Cause.—An invalid sent for a physiciun, aud, alter detaining him some lime with a description of his pains, aches, &c., lie ilius summed up : “Now, doctor, you have humbugged j me long enough with your good-for nothing pills ” and worthless syrups: they don’t touch the real dif. ficully. 1 wish you to strike the cause of my ail ment, if it is in your power to reach it.” “It shall be dune,” said the doctor, at tlie same time lifting his cane and demolishing a decanter of gin that stood upon the sideboard ! From Hudson.— Tlie information is such ns to lend us tu believe that tlie anti-renters will give hut r of brilliant talents, and will reflect honor on the uselessly thrown away. As 1 grind my cobs with the.corn, 1 cannot kpeuk'defiuiiely as to the value of cob meal when used in its unmixed state, but lam ealiafied that there is a very important saying nUni/ud .by grinding the robs, | have, dining ihe last three months, fed corn uud cob meal to niy horses, cattle, hogs aud calves, and as I have a large stock ibis winter, the saving to me from this simple suggestion, has. I assure you been of no small ya(us as regards tlie purse.—Maine Cub. If you have a house that refuses to draw, just lake a cat and tie it on tho burse’s back ; then get ia the carriage and begin la whip the cat; this will S . ihf oat U> scratching and biting the horse,and y on it, Mint if you are not very careful, ilia horae will (tin away with you and tlie both togath* ft. quick reply A London dealer in furs in his advertisement gives tlie following very agreeuble information to his fair customers : 'Ludins wishing tu have a genuine articlo can se lect their own skins' Let those who would affect singularity with suc cess, first determine to bo virtuous, and they will he sure to he very singular. ‘It is in life as in the winding of a skein of silk , the thread now reels smoothly,and anon is full nf knots and tangles, which fret the temper, und wea ry out the patience.’ Cotton Cro?.—The Cotton Crop of the United States, recently gathered, it is generally admitted in tho South, will reach two million five hundred thousand bales. little further trouble. Three more individuals had been arres'ed named Williams, Wolcott,and Wood ward, President of the association in Ancram— There is a strong mi'itary force at Hudson.— Post. Good—vkrv.—“Mnke way, hero,” said a mem her of a republican deputation, “we ure tlie repre sentatives of the people.” -‘.Make way yourself," shouted n sturdy fellow from tlie throng, • we are the people themselves.” Party Predilections.—A young Americun la. dy being usked by a politician which parly she was most in favor of, replied tliut site preferred a wed ding parly. Whaling.—There liuve been added to the wlial. ing fleet, the past yenr, 52 vessels. There are now nearly sevon hundred vessels ergnged in that branch of marine industry, giving employment to between 17 nnd 18,900 seamen. Tlie losses of die past year have nut exceeded one half of the one per cent, upon tlie amount of navigation comprised in ihe fishery.—Salem Gazette. As wo were strolling down in the Third Munic. ipality yesterday ubout dark, says tho N. Orleans Republican, wo were attracted lo a bright light through ihe windows of a luw hovel. On op. pronching wo found a poor Dutch womun, reading n sixty cents Bible hy the light of a pine knot fire.— “Here," thought wc, “is a Bible more luminously shining on the track towards Heaven than any oth er illuminated Bible aver seen—-Harper’s not ex cepted.” Maryland Penitentiary.—The nnnual report of tills institution, just published, shows n very sue- cessful management of its affiirs. During tiic yeurending November 30lli, the product of tlie la. bor of the convicts amounted to $38,997,37. und tho expenses, of ever) kind, to $29,400,63 leaving an unincumbered excess of $9,530.84 in favor of t he institution, ut the expiration of the fiscal year. i”lie average number of convicts in confinement during tlie year, was 289, one less than the nvornge of tlie year 1843. The number received was 79. boing 18 less than in 1848. The number discharg. cd hy tlie expiration of llieir sentences was 53; by Executive pardon 14; and hy dealli 19; lenv. ing in tiie institution, at tliu close of the yeur, 280 prisoners. Arkansas.—A letter dated Bulesville,Arkansus, I)cc. 17, says : "Our Legislature is in session—getting on fairly —already in session forty duys, at $350 daily ex pense. nnd determined to sit until they can expend seine $35,000 in specie, which is in the Treasury. Mr Bertrand, a gallant Whig, moved lo appropri ate some 825,999 to pay iuturesl on bonds, hut ii was voted down, nnd ho looked upon ns being era zy. They have whitewashed Col. Sevier, uml would have given him $14,009 more if lie hud ask ed it. Our new Senator, Chester Ashley, is u man Total annual interest, Debt to Itold, Irving & Co., Intei-t-sl at 5 percent., Of this debt, $50,000 hns been puid the past year, subject to Ihe deduction of exchungo uud eomniissiutis. The following nmounts of interest were paid in 1844 : To Reid, Irving & Co., $25,326 77 “ Bank of Augusta, 7.586 80 “ Bond holders, 43,501 00 Tlie apparent increase of the State debt is ow ing lo the prosecution of tiie work on tlie Western and Atlantic Rail Road, under the act uf the last Legislature, it consists in the use of tlie bonds previously ordered to he issued hy the Slute ior tliut purpose, there having been no new appropria tion. The manner ill which these new bonds have been used, and tlie progress of tlini great State work, were fully explained in tlio Report of Mr. Garnett, the Principal Engineer, which we publish ed some time -ince. This expenditure was antic ipated by the Finance Committee of thu last Leg. islature, who, in view llieruof, nnd in expectation of the $30,000 due from tho General Government, looked lo a deficit in tlie Treasury, for tho year ending the 20th of October Inst, ol from 10,090 lo 20.000 dollars ! This Report gives the gratifying intelligence, that notwithstanding only $12,999 08 ofthe 30,000 anticipated, has been paid, still there is not only no deficit in tlie Treasury, but an actual surplus ot $58,312 25! ! The Committee not only recommend tlie payment of the State’s interest for 1845, in advance ; hut express the opinion that 850.000 more of the public debt can be puid during the current year ! These gratifying results they properly attribute “to the strict economy which lias been adopted, and the skilful and zealous manner in which the opera tions of the Treusury have been conducted during tlie past year.” It is further mentioned, that dur ing the sunte time, “all tlie liabilities ol the State have been promptly met whenever presented, in specie or its equivalent,” nnd that loo, without “bor rowing for this purpose the $150,900 or any part thereof, as authorized by the lust Legislature.”— This, add the Committee, “lius produced o most happy effect upon the finances and credit of tlie Slute. Tlie value ut Central Bunk Bills lias been increased to par—they have been retired Iromcir. dilation—the country relieved from a depreciated currency—tlieTrosury become vvlmt it should ul- ways continue, specie puyiug. The eight per cent bonds are new at a premium, uml the six percent bonds arc advancing to par value. Confidence lias been inspired and prosperity Inis been inspired and prosperity lias followed. Our finances require hut prudent management to ensure its continuance. Sucli is, in brief, tlie triumph of Governor Craw, ford’s administration ns endorsed by n Committee of gentlemen ofthe highest respectability nnd clinr. acler—ol both political pnriies—men who have looked at the condition of tlie Treasury with the eves of patriots, und who liavo not hesitated to be stow the proper meed of praise where it was so rich- Ivdue. Indeed, we wonder not nt sueli a result. Mr. C. lins, throughout his administration, been tlie Governor of tlie Suite, of Ihe wliolo people—and out of u party, lie has been guided in ull his move, inenls only by the highest consideration of the pub. lie interest. Ilis object lius been the redemption of the State’s honor, the restoration of n sound curren. cv, and the establishment of tlie strictest economy in every branch of the public service. His success ought tube mutter of universal congratulation—his reward, tlie gratitude and love of the whole people. Tlie present, should be hailed as the model admin istration in Georgia, nnd it will ho so viewed, wo predict, regardless of the influence of partizan ran cour and the power of putty attachments.—Sav. Rep. Affair of Honor.—A hosilo meeting was had between Mr. Thomas Butler King and Charles Spalding, tin Monday, the Gill insi. at Amelia Is land. Weapons, pislois—distance, ten paces.— Two shots were pnssed without affect, when, on tho intervention of friends, the affair was adjusted, and tiie parties exchanged friendly salutations. The difficulty originated Irmn some circumstan ces connected with liie recent canvass of tho l»o gentlemen while candidates for Congress before the people uf this District. We refrain from com. incuts, and only mention this satisfactory settle, ment of tire mutter becauso th re has been consid erable excitement in regard to it in the public mind, und because we feel assured that tho an nouncement will cause much reul plesure among tlie friends of both the gentlemen.—Savannah Repub lican, 10th inst. State.’ An Incident at Sea.— The Boston Atlas says : “The ship Chiceru, Cnpt. Gore, which arrived at this port on Friday last, left Manilla on tiie 17th July. Of course tlie officers nnd passengers had received no news of tlie political movements which preceded our Presidential election ; nud ns they drew near home wero naturally anxious tu know the result. On tlie 19lh ull., they spoke the ship Finlnns, four dnys out from Charleston, hound lo Havre, nnd after tlie usual inquiries uud replies, through tlie speaking trumpet, tli» question was asked, “Who’s the next President f" "James K. Polk,” was tlie reply. For a moment tliu querisis doubled whether or not they were undergoing a hoax, und had barely time lo thunder cut Ihe questi on, “Who’s James K. Polk?” and received tlie re ply, “That’s more than we can tell you,” here the two ships parted on their different courses. Immense Fortune.—Wm. Hedges of George town, British Guiana, lias learned that lie is heir lo u fortune of one million and a half pounds stur ling—about 7 millions of dollars, now deposited in Ihe Bank of Altonia, in Holland, which was dopes iled thereby his uncle fifty yenrs ago. Ilo knew tiial lie was tlie heir, hut had lost the moans of eluiming the properly, as well as ail knowledge of tlie Bank in which it had been deposited. He was already in comfortable circumstances, tlie reward .of his industry as an adventurer in British Guiana. SuqAR Crop.—The last Sugar crop of Louis jana will amount to about one hundred acd eighty thousand hogshenda* Cunning'—Cunning is tlie art of concealing our own detects, nnd discovering oilier people's weak nesses. Or it is taking advantages of others which they do not suspect, because they ure contra ry to propriety aud the settled practice. We feel no inferiority ton tellow who picks our pockets, though we feel mortified at being overreached hy trick nud cunning. Yet there is no more reason for it in the one case than in the other. Any one may win at cards hy cheating, till lie is fuuud uut. We liave been pluying against odds. Sonny olio may deceive os hy lying, nr taking nn inifuir ud- vantage of us, who is not withheld by a sense of sliume or honesty from doing so. Gaiety.—There ure two kinds of gaiety : one urises from taunt of heart; being touched by no pity, sympathizing with no pain even of its own cuusing. it shines uud glitters like n frost-bound riv. er in the gleaming sun. The other springs from excess of heart: tliut is, from a hear! overflowing with kindness towurdsall men nnd ull tilings ; and, suffering under no superadded grief, it is liglit from ■ tie happiness which it sees, This may be com pared lo the sumo river, sparkling und smiling un der the sun of summer, and running oil to give lerliliiy nnd increuso lo all within, und even to many bevond its reach. •Tiio Qu/reebnJrme', uf.tl* 7.1,^-5 from Mexico via My.am.tras and Cornu, ChrfJF® According to these reports n sunguiuurv Uut„k': been fought ut the oily of Puebla, between in. 1 * my under Gen. Pakedf.s and that under s" " r ' Anna, in which tlie latter was totally r „ u tc d s" 1 * ta Anna, it is udde , “who mode his e,cn,,e compelled lo disguise himself, and takeconvev., in u common conch of the country.” >|>| le ( / " c * the battle is not given, and the „ * * rather loosely stated. It is difficult, h 0 .v„ v „ r ' obtain intelligence from Mexico, which is or less vague and uncertain, ‘ m ° r « The same account frurn which we have report also tiiul—“In northern Mexico, the rev l lion was general throughout the country: „ last accounts Gen. Cuuules in conjunction Gen. Arista, were marching nt the bend ol « ij' '’ force against Geu. Wall, who still held „ui in ?" vor of centralism. “The revolution broke out in the city of M.n mores, on tlie 10.il ull.. Oil tiro reception o' in M uluniuru.*, ofthe success of the Fuder'l . , , ilia citizens opposed loCVniralism.andiofl vnr of Federalism, assembled at the must nuhl'' places nnd immediately denounced the tyrant * j publicly prucla med for llie Federalcuu.’e. excitement prevailed in iho city during t|i eou , break. Gen. Cela, tlie Commandant ofthe citv was seized and thrown into prison. The shout?'' liberty, nnd down with Centralism, became geneial every quarter, until the revolutionist* find prov ed triumphant. “In Montoray the same scenes were enacted m in other cities, but of n more snngoimirv character Tho particulars wo have uot received, i.,, tiertl.an an uccounl of the death of Gen. Jesc Muriu On,.,, Governor of the city of Monterny, who tvospublic! ly butchered for Ins faithful adherence tothecauie of Santa Anna.’’ [From the N. O. Bef.,] Mexico.—The department of Tobasco liai pro. nounced against Santa Anna’s Government, 0o tite 9th uit. Gen Arnpudia published a proclamation to this effect, and the same day the Ayuniamicnta and tlie Garrison followed llieir leads, nnli pie. We have been shown an intercepted letter w r j|. ten by Santa Anna to Valentin Cunalizn, m.,1 Qneretaro, the Glh December. Tin* ii.t n reply to a despatcli addressed to Suntu Atirm u Canalizo, and dated llie 4lh. The following ii the substance of the letter, which it will be perceived was written llie very day on which the revolution broke out nt Mexico. . “However disagreeable mny he llie defcclinnof Inclan, it is of little consequence if met with firm- ness aud energy. The army is all on the march, and as i: war necessary to divide tlie forces in order to edict a decisive stroke, 1 am preparing for Paredes, who does not budge from Arandas, on tire route to Gua dalajara, it is impossible to order a coaniermirch of the 2 509 men of which you speak, as it would occasion entirely loo much confusion, “I have, however given orders lo despatch to you the 8ih regiment of infnntry and llie active squad run ofTelascala, which I had left in garrison for reinforcements. The two will constitute ar. cf. fcclive force of 600 men. You mny augment the eighth with the batuilion of recruits which maybe prepared hefore'hand, as the butalliau will arrive in six days and the squadron in four. ‘•You may likewise assemble the squadron ofFu. la, which consist of pretty good troops, and a fev detachments besides in the vicinity uf the capital. am of opinion that not a soldier should be al lowed tu leave his post until the arrival of these forces—you know llie petty officers ol'llie army— they cannot he lost sight of with safety. ‘■1 am in hopes that tho Commanders Ga.rnia, Mendoza, Uliartes, and others, will arrest Incltui. Should I be disappointed, it will bo of little const'- quence, ns without arms and munitions they cud accomplish nothing. Only preserve the capita! with 3000 faithful men well stationed, and the revolution ut Pin bln prove of no importance. There may lie some few outbreaks whicli will cense as sonn as Peredcu is bealen, and this will be done in eight or ten days. 1 have nlready informed you that Zue.ilecus is trail. quilized, and the surrounded depart menu, though filled with agitators, are free from turbulence ur commotion. “Genera! Truvery is in command of this placo with 600 men and three pieces of nrtilery. “Although timorous. General Cortuznii is in tho right path, aud serves tlie cause of tho Govern, ment. It is indispensable to secure Pedroza, ns vvcIUi the petty chiefs of the revolution, in order to dir. concert their plans. Tha dissolution of the factious assemblies, such as the Ayuntamicnto anil Junta Departnmentnl, is not important, ns they will hi forced to .submit when they behold the denuuenicul of the drama. “The Election of the Commander of Puebla ap pears tu me certain, nnd likewise that of tlm lecund in command, Col. Mcndozu. This will aid tlm government und produce n good effect. “The nows from the squadron at Pn. bln issalis- fuctory. Ii ia probable tliut Inclan Inis been no rested, lu one word, comrade, resuhuion, ud exemplary chastisement for ull llie chiefs of the conspiracy ! Do not stop half way. Nothing i< more fatal in criticul moments than weakness and indecision.” Jn a letter to Rejun we find tlie following pnasns 0 ' “Energy—No pnusing before llie menus needs- sary tube employed. In crisis like llie jiresenli firmness uud blows settle every tiling. Origin of the Word Tariff.—The puzzling name ‘tariff’ is derived from tlie town of Turifa,at llie mouth of tliu Straits of Gihralui. and the tint southern point in Europe, not even excepting Cups Matapan, nt tlie font of the Moren. Taiil'u tlie last stronghold which the Moors disputedwih ihe Christians, nod is still within three leagues JJ tlie empire of Morocco. When tlie Moors held possession of both the pillars of Hercules, it w*' liero that they levied contributions for vessoll *e- loring llie Mediterranean—whence tliu gener'C name. The Iiion Trade in Europe.—Tlie Iron Trade on the Continent of Europe is rapidly extending.— Prussia employs in furnaces for (lie manufacture of pig iron, 8.671 workmen »Im produce 1*20,900 tons annually ; and 6,019 workmen who produce 73.001) tons uf liar nnd plain iron, in Bavaria, 14, 750 tuns of cast and wrought iron urn mutually pro. duced, lu Wirtomburg 3,900 ; in Budcu 11,750, in Saxony, 12,150, and in the oilier German Stales of tliu Zoll Vercin is, enst iron, 101, 156; wrought iron 187.325 tons. In proportion to the popula tion these quantities are nut great, since they only amount to 15J Ilis for each person llirnughuul the confederation. In France, tho proportion is above 22 Ilis ; in Belgium it is about 36 lbs nud in Eng. it is as high as 55 to 56 lbs. to each person. Gardner, convicted of robbing the United States mnil Rt Johnson’s Creek, Niugnru County, N. Yurk lust spring, and sentenced to the State Prison for ten years, has been pardoned by the President. A Grand Idea.—It is thought Hint if we lak# possession uf'Texas, Greut Britain, in order w preserve tlie balance of power, will seize upon C* im. But tlie editor of the New York Courier wf gesls whether it might not he advisable lonulicipe 1 * Great Britain—and while we are taking posee 1 ' sion of Texas, Oregon, Californio, and the red* the Western Continent, include Cuba vntliio R*** wide extended “area of freedom !” Tiib Time fixf.d at Last.—lo u “Midnight Cry of recent date, we find a letter from Mr. Milk'' which contains tlie following: “I have fixed m? mind upon unollier time, and here 1 mean tu * 1 * 11 until God gives me more light—and llisliitobl' to-day.and to day, until lie comes. At a meeting held at the Astor House on tin evening of the 28ih uli. it was resolved to creel* rimrtile Maine of Mr. Clay in the New lurk K*' change. Philip Hone, E»q. is Cbuirtnun uf I**® Committee for tlie purpose. Bommf.r’s Patent.—By a letter fr"" 1 Charles Baer, now in Charleston, wo are inf ,,r , tliut lie will soon visit Augusta, for llie l ,ur P' i, !L vending Ilis Puleiil for making Manure. A*- ‘ Bear, in all cases wliero it is desired, tests Ik* e ficney of tha plan, those who wish hi* services instructing and showing them llie applientui" the Patent can obtain them hy leaving u notice this office.—Son. Cult. Justice.—Justice is us strictly due l> elw ®^ neighbor nations as between neighbor citiae 11 ** highwayman is a* much a robber when lie p un ia s gang *s when single, and a nation that oiu an unjust war is “lily s great gang-