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Hr,HANK* or Aft. fOST**, OK TBHHMWCC, Jit.«VpaM ff bit pnputiim It mmraff Mr, Walk* tr't mmmbmriu to ibt Httm JUaahttimw far the . Amt**Hot ft Tratt. In Sihatm. Pea. 37. Mr. Walker's amendment having liccn read at tl» ftaerenry'* inbla: 5 Mr. FO$ YER alter uttering an apology fur hi* ■bailPi it the time the recess \va* ugret iliu, warn. •4 the Senate that he did not purpose lu fatiguo then It that hour with a apeech. Hi* personal po. altion in relation to the pending moaiuru »ui well aaoertk na 1 ; lie had no aecret* to keep in regard to lit he da.ired to have none. Ho occupied now, atWeee a .ingle point, tho mine ground ho had ta. kea when this measure was before tho Senate a: tho hat aaaalon in the form of a treaty. He did not fbrmhii opinions without tho utmost deliberation ; Mdhn would not, lie could not, lie darod not change Me poaitinn. The resolutions us they name from the Hous o of Representatives, embodied Ills scoff, manta. It had been hishunur to present resolutions on the aame sidjecl in the Senate simultaneously with those in the other branch of tho Legislature; bet not without tho most profound reflection* at to the terms therein proposed. As to the opinions rx• pressed by him in June last, on the genernl subject of admitting Texas into the Union, ho retained the Sfata opinions still, and should continue to hold them, if those solid and slatoly columns which surrounded this chamber should stand fast upon their hn*e. just so fssi and immoveable sliould lie Stand on the ground ha had from ilia first assumed. A* ■ Represuutalivo of the State of Tennessee, lie would give no voto except in conformity witli his Convictions of wiiat was due to Iter us u sluveliuld. ing State, If* was for no Missouri compromises, though he loved this Union as well as any man. and jvould, if he could, preserve fur hundreds ofyenrs to Come our great und glorious Confederacy, if there were any gentleman hero who refused to receive another Southern Stale on account of the presence of slavery within her bounds—if uny Senator .vas disposed to say to Texas, “stand hack—go, wash the (tain of slavery Irom your hands, or you never •hall enter here"—he would say to them tlint he •ought no such issues. He called litem to remem ber the ad.i.issiou of Missouri, when this slavery question shook this Union to its very center; when bold men and patriots turned pule ; witen mothers clasped their infants to their bosoms in dread of what was coming ; und nothing but nil interposing Provid mice saved litis fair Republic from disruption and ruin, (le sought no return of scenes like that. Let other gentlemen take their course ; he did in I complain of it or of them ; but he would warn the South, ami nil who loved Iter, tlint they were driv. en to the brink of u gulf which opened nt their ve ry feet. Their adversaries told them to tuko the water. He would not do it; lie would stand upon terra firmn—on the solid ground of lite Constitu tion—und there, though lie should stand ‘'solitniy and alone," he would continue to stand up for the rights of Iiia Slate und of nil Iter Southern confed erates. He was told, indeed, tlint there was no danger on this slavery question so long ns wo had a President coming Iron) a slave State: Mr. Polk was a Southern man : would lie ever put Ilia build to an act which was uimed at the safely of tho South 1 It might he so ; and when gentlemen could prove to him that temptation never could ho so great as to shake tile integrity of a politician— when they could demonstrate that there exaisled such a llii.ig us pcrfecliun among men—he might be induced to listen to sounds like these. But, till then, he would trust no man. He must bo lieurd, and he would be heard, in opposition to what he conceived dangerous to the iutcrests entrusted to his care. Gentlemen told Inm that there was no difference between the resolutions as they now stood, prohib iting the extension of slavery in Texas above a cer tain line, und us they were originally uifured. That the alteration amounted to nothing. If it amount ed to nothing, why was it insisted on? And if it was necessury to insert it to satisfy a certain purty at the North, how did gentlemen tell him there ivns no danger ? He was not going to jeopurd the con stitutional rights of his constituents to please or to conciliate liny body. Ho nllouJJ come up to his duly boldly and feurlessly. if Southern Senators were prepared to sanction a treaty which cut ofT the rights of tlie South let them speak now. If not, let them lake their stand on the ramparts of tlie Constitution, raise the cry “the South is in danger,’’ and draw their good swords and fight it out like men ; for sooner or later tlint fight must come. Mr. P. had nothing now to sny to gentlemen north of Mason and Dixon’s line. Let every Sen ator, in view of his own duty, take care of himself. He was no advocate of slavery ; lie said it was an evil ; but it ivus upon them, they had long suffered under it, yet it was not their sin. It was their in. heritance; an inheritance received from whom? Need lie point to the North? Need lie nsk whose were thoso ships which brought the black man from his distant home mid sold him here?— And could Northern gentlemen tell him how the evil wus to be removed ? He pruyed them net to in tuit him on the ground of Southern slavery till they had first found out a remedy. Mr. F. wus a slave holder; not because he approved of shivery in the abstract, but lie was the udvoeate of the virtues of those whose sad inheritance it wus. He knew the virtue* of their heart, and he invited Northern zeulots, who never had seen with their own eyes the black ninn in the country of his bondage, bill who trusted to distorted pictures r.nd lying repre sentations of his condition, to go will, him tn the plains of the sunny South, and, if they wanted to tee human happiness, there they would find it. Mr. P. was raised among slaves ; he anew them well ; he was their master ; mid he would that some gentleman could ivitness the scene on his re- turn among them. There was not one but would C one to meet him with the glances of joy and the warm welcome of fidelity and Direction. And was he going to put it into the ponerofamnd brain- struck fanaticism to turn them loose, to break up their entire social condition, and turn content and cheerful labor into enmity and revolt? Never! It was because ho hated the thought, and because he saw the evil afar off, that ha spoke as lie now did. He stood before the Senate overcome, indeed, by the force of bis own feelings, but ho stood firm as the pillars uround hint. Nothing, nothing could •hake his convictions and his resolution on this subject. He should, therefore, move an amendment to the amendment now proposed. Mr. F. said lie was a friend tn annexation; ha had been so from the first; hut in annexation on proper terms. If gentlemen word about to blink the slavery question for the sake of getting vo'es for the measure, llieii he would call for water und wash hi* hands of the entiro concern. And he here gave hit friends notice thut if the amendment now penning should be adopted without that which lie desired tonppenJ to it as a proviso, he should go against the uimexution of Texas in ull its forms.— On this they might count, for he would surely do it. Mr. P. then moved the following amendment to the amendment moved by Mr. Walkbr. “ And provided further, That, in fixing the terms and rnnililions of such admission, it shall bs expressly slip, ultled and declared that the Bute of Texts, and such other States as shall be formed ol that portion of the present territory of Texas lying south of 30 dogreos 30 minutes nonli latitude,commonly known as the Mis souri compromise line, shall be odmitted into the U- nion with or without slavery, as tho peoplo of each -State so hereafter asking admission may desire. r “ And provided furthermore. That it shall be also sti. palsied and declared that the public debt of Texac •ball M do event become a chtrgo upon the Govern, moot of the United States.” On this question the yeas and nays war* ordarad. Mr. BATES demanded that the question ba di vided and taken separately on Ilia two proviso*. Mr. HAYWOOD raised a question of order, in. •fating that, ns the provisos were taovad *• an amendment ta an amandmant, thay constituted 16- gatltar one amendment In the eacond degree, and if separated would l« equivalent to moving an a- me nd mo nt in the third degree, which wee prohibit- «d tiy rule. The CHAIR explained, and overruled the quee- lionuf order. Tho question was thereupon divided, und put first on the lira! proviso, viz: “ And provided further, That, in fixing the terms and conditions of such admission, it shall be exprussly stip ulated and declared that the Statu of Texas, and eticli other Stales as ill.ill be formed of that portion ol tho preeenl territory of Texas, lying south of 30 degrees HO minutes nortli latitude, cmnmunly known ns the Mis souri compromise lino, shall be admitted into the Un- nion with or without elavory, ns the people of each State so hereafter asking ndm esiou may desire." Mr. BERRIEN snid us lie understood it, the first branch of the mncndiiient allowed the peoplo of the nuw Stmes fornieil out of Texas u certain Iimu to decide whether slavery should exist in their bound* or not. Mr. CRITTENDEN said he was willing to ake the first hut nut the second proviso. Whenev er Texas ivus admitted into I ho Union, this nntiun wns Instantly hound to pny her debt, whatever i, might bo. To talk of udinillitig a new State into the Confederacy with the brund of repudiation and bankruptcy on tier brow, it wus n mockery. Mr. WHITE inquired of the Chair whether the amendment now offered wus applicable tu the a. ineiidineiil of tile Senator front Mississippi (Mr. Walker) or to tho resolution of the House of Rep- resi nintives ? The CHAIR was unders'ood as replying, to the Inner. Mr. WHI TE then suggested to Mr. Foster that they would not answer his end. Mr. POSTER replied mat they would ; it wns ull right. The question being now pul on adopting the first clause ol Mr. Poster's uineiidment, it wns decided by yens and nays as follows : Vkas—Messrs. Archer, Harrow, Bayard, Berrien, Cinytna, Criilciiden, Foster, lltiiiliesnii. Huger, JarnsKsn, Johnson, Msneuiil, Merrick, Mmeliead, Pearce, Phelps, Hives, Sevier. -18. Nava—Messrs. Allen, Ashley, Alcliison, Atherton, Bngliy, Bales, Benton,Breeze,Buchanan, Choate, Colquitt, linytmi, Oickiuson, Dix, Kvans, Fairfield, Francis, Httvtvood, Hon* demon, !lnimn£!on, Loivia, McDuffie, Miller, Niles, Porter, Semple, Sturgeon, Tujipun, Uphatn, VVulkcr, While, Wood- brige, Wuodlmry—83. So tho first proviso was rejected. Tim question then recurring on die second pro viso. viz. ‘And provided furthermore, That it shall be also slip ulalcd and declared that the public debt of Texas shah in no event become a charge upon the Government ol the United States.” Mr. WALKERsnid he was personally in favor of the proposition; but lie should be obliged to vole ugaiust it, because (as the reporter understood him) it wus left by the resolutions ns an open question. The vole was taken by yeas and nays, and de cided ns follows : Yeas—Meiara. Archer, Borrow, Bates, Bayard, Beriien, Chuuie.Cluy too. Kiuuv. Fuller, t''rancin, Huntington, Jarn gin, Johnson, Miller, Peurce, Phelps, Porter, Jtivea, oil mulls, Uphnin—20. 0 N*rs—Messrs. Allen, Ashley, Atchison, Alhertun, Bagf,, Benluii, Breeze, Buchanan, Colquitt, Crittenden, Dickinson, Dix, Fairfield, Hnnnegan, llaywoud, Henderson, Huger, l.ei'is, McDuffie, Mangum, Merrick, Morehead, Niles, Mem pie, Sevier, Sturgeon, Tappan, Walker, White, Wuudhridge, Woodbury—31. So tlie second proviso was also rejected. The question now recurring on tire amendment moved by Mr. Walker— Mr. ARCHER moved to amend it by striking out all ufter the word “resolved," where it first oc curs, uud inserting the following : “That the President of the United States be and he is hereby requested to order negotiations to be entered into witli the Government of Texas for the transfer to tho United Slates, with the assent of the people ol Texas, of the territory, with all rights incident thereto, which now constitutes the said State of Texas, and that the incorporaiion into tho Union of the United Stales of the inhabuants of said State, and llieir ad mission to all tho rights, privileges, and immunities ol the citizens of the United States, as soon ns may be consistent with the principles of the Federal Cunstuu. lion, be stipulated in such treaty." The question ou this amendment was taken with out debate, and rosulted in a tie, as follnws : Yeas —Messrs.Archer, Barrow, Bates, bayard, Berrien, Ciiunte, Clay lull, Crittenden, Day ion, Evans, Foster. Francis, Huntington, Jeruagin, Johnson, Mangum, Milter, Morehend, Peurce, Phelps. Porter, Hives, Simmons, Cnhain, While, t e,-26. Ilessrs. Allen, Ashley, Atchison, Atherlon, Ungtiv, Benton. Breesn, Buchanan, Colquitt,Dichineon,Dix,Fairfield, Hnnnegan, Hnywund, Henderson, Huger, Lewis,McDnlfie, Merrick, Niles, Semple, Sevier, Sturgeon, Teppan, Walk Woodbury—26. So tlm amendment was not adopted. 'The question was then taken on ngreeing to Mr. Walker’s amendment, viz: to add to tho House resolve the following uddilional resolve : And be it further resolved, That if the President of the United Slates shall, in his judgment and discretion, deem it most advisable, instead of proceeding to submit the foregoing resolution to t lie republic of Texas, as an overture on the part of tho United States for admission, to negotiate with that Republic; then— Be it resolved. That a State to bs formed out of the present republic of Texas, with suitable extent and boundaries, and with two Represcnlatives in Congress, until the next apportionment of representation, shall be admitted into the Union, by virtue of this act, on an equal footing witli tho exibtmg States, so soon as the lityms and conditions of such admission, and the cc sinn of the remaining Texas territory to the United •States, shall be agreed upon by the Governments of Texas and the United States ; and the sum of $100,. 000 is hereby appropriated to defray the expenses oi missions and negotiations, to agree upon the terms of said admission and cession, cither by treaty to be sub- milted to the Senate, or by articles to be submitted to tho tw o Houses of Congress, as the President may du reel. And the question on agreeing to this amendment wns decided as follows : Yxax—Messrs. A Ben, Ashley, Atcliinson, Atherton ,Beghy, Benton, Brecno, Buchanan, Colquitt, Dickinson, Dix, Fuir- fielil, tlonnegall, Haywood, Henderson, Huger, Inhinum, Lewis,McDnlfie, Merrick, Niles, Semple. Sevier, Sturgeon, Tappan, Wulker, Woodbury—27. Nays— Messrs, Archer, Burrow, Bates, Bayard, Berrien, Ciinitle,Clay Inn, Crillendcn, Dayton, Evans, Foster, Francis, Hiinlingloii.Jerniignn, Mangum, Miller, Mnreheed, Pearce, Phelps, Porter, Uives,Simuiuns,llpliani, White,Wuudhridge —2b. So tho nmendmoiit was carried. The Iron District.—The iron district, which spread* through New Jersey, Pennsylvunin, Ma ryland, and Western Virginia, traverses regions exuberant with coni, and abounding in wuter-pow. er ; nnd, travelling further West, we find in Ohio, Kentucky, uud particularly in Missouri, immense stores of motulilerious weulth. adjacent to the must fertile agricultural districts, it is to Pennsylvania, however, wo must chielly direct our attention, where two fifth* of nil the iruu in the United Slates is made. The United Slnte*contain 80,000 square miles of coni, which is nbuul sixteen limes as great us tlio coal measures of Europe. A single one ol these gigantic masses run* irom Pennsylvania to Alabama, nnd must embrace, itself, 60,000 squure miles. Out of fifty counties of Pennsylvania, less than thirty have coal und iron in them ; and out of the 40.000 square miles of Ponnsylvuniu, which form superficies, there are 10.000 miles of coal and iron ; while nil Grant Britain nnd irulutid have only 2.000—so that Pennsylvania alone Ims an area of coul and iron five limes nt greul ns that of Great Britain. The quality of the coal or iron is as rich as that of Great Britain, nnd they have tlie advantage of lying near the water level; while these of tlie latter country are sometimes muro than one thousand ieel below llto surface, and are excuvatad through tubterraneun passage*. Huni'e Merchants’ Mag. Tuz Cam of Contempt.—Mr. Munsell, who was sentenced to pay a fine of 9260 for ■ contempt of Court in refusing to Answer interrogatories be fore the Grand Jury on tlie ground that *uch an. •w*r would criminate himself, and who we* com. milted to prlaon in default of the payment thereof, on Saturday leet paid the amount of fine into court •ad was ralaaaed, having undergone a week’s im- prisonmen*.—Alb. Atlas. As mere is nu raasuusbte doublet the Glob*be ing installed Court Journal to the now Administra tion, it looks all naturslaud proper to are thut pa per blazoned with laudation nfiho apaech from the throne. They who me well paid for praise, shall they not lay it on thick? And shall not courtiers ut ter 'he language of their trade? It is all right in the Globe, but we hnpn that paper i* uwure tlint wo litko its eulogies with many grains of nllowunce.— We have hud loo much of this in times past. Put. ling green spectacles on n horse and feoding hint wim shavings mny do for once, but i t tho long run oven un uss would rebel ugninst it. Wo have usk- cd fot broad ut d they gave us a siono,—lor fi.lt and iliey gnvo us a serpent. If we judge harshly, thou, we judge a* a jienple who have been many limes deceived uud belrtiyed,—and that by tlie very tnon tu whom nro now surrendered up tho guidance of tlie Administration, und because we object to hang* ing, tho one about our necks and putting the oilier in our bosomi, wo are denounced as rebels, nnd liuvo lecture* on tho enormity of not loving a guv- ernmcnl “known to us only by its oppressions." Tito Globe says, “the dissolution of tlie Union ii mi every-day lineal; it i* so familiarized to tlia public ear that presently it will lie thought no crime,” Ho therefore rejoices in Mr. Polk’s “ho. sauna* to tlie Union" und luuds hi* denunciation* of d sunionism. If it i* true that disaffection if daily spreading nnd deepening and tlie public car becoming to'er. nut of it* open avowal, does tho Globe suppose tho empty thunder of n Prestden’l spoeclt can overawe and destroy it? it is tho meaning voico of the people, which wi«e rulers Ihtlen to reverently, und which furotol* the swift destruction of tlioso head- strong fool* who think lo stay tlio storm with it straw and tlie torrent witli a feather, it is not by denouncing discuutetits, hot by removing tlieir cau ses,—it is not by vuin words and faithless promises but by substantial nets nnd honest reforms, tliut n people cun he brought buck to love nud reverence n Government that bust cursed them with long and systematic misrule. And, beyond this threul of fatherly displeasure and chastisement if we uro naughty, what lias Mr. Polk done or evon promised, lo allay tlie deep dis contents that lie knows to exist, and to exist with ample cause, in that portion of the Union from which lie comes, and on subjects that underlie the whole character and action of the Federal Govern, meat,—Taxation und Expenditure. Are we to be tortured to raise enormous revenue, nud then see it wasted in corrupt expenditure, without complain, ing ? nnd when we compluin. uro we to be uppea*. ed witli liomilica about tho sacredness of tho Un. nion ? Congress lias appropriated millions nt this Ses sion to Internal Improvement. Mr. Polk’s own pnrly have thus revivetl a policy the constitutional!, ty of which ho nnd they have so often denied, und lie sny* not one word ubout it iu his Inuuguurtil — His votes in Congress, and every declaration ol liis. when free to speak his real opinion, stand ns so many pledges against the protective policy. We know well enough wliiil hi* convictions are. With what purpose then, on thi* oversliudoiving subject, ha* lie clothed himself in words of ambiguous im port, phrases that have been made the mask of ov. ery degree of unjust taxation and uncon-tituliunul protection? Why lias lie defiled his speech with cunning equivocations about incidental protection, when lie knows litis was the very pretext of the tnriflfof ’42—the very Inuguign by which i s contriv. era justified it ? He hus openly denounced the injus- lice and oppression oPlhfa act,—and what then are we to infer from his sanctioning and adopting the phraseology of its advocates and authors 1 Such tiling* do not satisfy and appense,—they fill men witli new doubts nnd deeper indignation. They doubt the possibility of reform, and spurn nu allegi ance whose sole fruit* tiro treachey, corruption and extortion. And it is truly a consoling promise of reform, when alter thus compromising the most vi- ml questions, wo are warned against complaining and cautioned of the consequences of seeking re dress. Let the Governmen*. establish justice—let it lake oif its own tyrannous yoke from our neck* and its robber hand from our throats, ami tlio Union is se cure from all ussuults in this quarter. President Polk offer* no such remedy, in those studiously equivocal phrases of liis, nnd his talk about the sa- credness of the Union will not be received as an equivalent. The Globe itself makes no comments on Mr. Polk’s handling of the Turiff, except to pronounce it wonderfully clear—a specimen doubtless of “dark ness visible.” But it tries lo muke amends by blowing up tho passage into a pretty foam ol ital ics and capital*—like another “scurvey politician,” mentioned by King Lear, “seeming to see the things lie doth not." The fact is, the whole pas sage on tlie Tariff, means James Buchanan, and nothing else, except that the author tried lo conceal tlint omirtuus significance. Whut sort of promise of a settlement of (lie Turiff this holds out, we leave our renders to judge.—Chat. Mercury. The Lead Caves of Missouri.—The Cincinna ti Chronic's says :—Our country is as great in caves ns it is in mountains nnd rivers. Among these tlie most remarkable are tlio recently discovered lead cuves of Missouri. They aro about sixty miles south of Suint Louis, in Jefferson county, not far from Herculaneum. A series of iurgo caves has been discovered in a rich lead mine, which seems to be made, as it were, out nf lead. Five have iiere now been discovered, leading from the one to another—but the end is not yet; for the end has not been discovered. Five of these caves have been discovered. Tho following aro their dimen sions ; 1st Cave, 60 feel by 30 2:1 do 25 do 50 3.1 do 40 do 70 4th do 26 do 30 5th has been explored only partially. Tho following paragraph from the St. Louis Republican, will explain what i* known uf these cave* : Gen. James Hunt, formerly of Trenton, New Jersey, ha* led the way in the discovory of the suc cession of cavos in this lead since tho commence ment, The last account we gnvo of him, about a month ngo, he Imdjust entered cave No. 4 ; lie lias now made liis way 60 fee', in No. 6. nnd musses of Galena are the only hindrance lo liis further pro. gross. Before tlie two last caves were discovered, thi* wn* considered the greatest land on record ; and now tlie prospects for the fuluro seem to brigh ten us Ito advances. This lead runs about South, thirty fivo degrees East, commencing ubout ten miles from Hillsbor. ougli, tlio county sent for Jeiferson county—the lend being about 66 miles south of St. Louis. • it is owned by a company of a few individuals besides tlie General, some of whom reside in this eilv." The United States and Mexico.—In confir mation of tlie report* which Itavo been in circula tion here, and Itavo already found their way into the Eastern papers, we learn that lite Minister nf Mex ico to thi* country (Gen, Almonte) has signified to this Government lite termination of liis mission, in consequence of the passage of tho act for the an nexation to the United Slates of the Province of Texns. Ho has addressed a letter to tlie Secreta ry of State entering a solemn protest, in the tinme of his Guvornmonl, against that law, which he do- t.lures to be an act of nggres&ton lite most unjust that modern history records, being, as lie alleges, the spoliation of a friendly nation of a considerable part of its territory. The Minister has further asked for his passports, it being bis purposo to leave tills city for N. York ■* early ua practicable, and there to embark fur Mexico. Tiiis step on the part of the Minister is, of course only what every intelligent person knew would be the necessary consequence of the passage of Ilia aot of annexation. National Inlthgtncer. TM—s4»Wi Mi Wasmikotoe, Mar. 9. The Senate will meet again on Monday next, with, it is believed, a largo number of new nomina. lions from the President. Tlie rumors of changes in coiitumplalinn thicken to-day, and I hear the fol lowing, which, however, refer much more lo the applications made than tu the promises given. John B. Weller to be Assistant Post Muster Gen* erul, in place of Mr. Miller, brolher-in law of John Tyler. Tliis is tlie office upon which liaug the ap pointments uf all tlie suburdiuuto Pust Masters in ihu country. The next announced appointment is tlint of Col. Gardner in place uf Mr. Skinuor, as Third Assis tant Post Muster General. The third ia thut Mr. Norvell, uf Michigan, tn Mr. Bidluck, uf Penn., will tie Commissioner ul ihu General Land Oftico. It i* also said that Peter Hugner, one of tlio Auditors, will be removed. It il further said this evening thut Gen. Ilunt.nf Ohio, will receive Mr. Miller’s pluco, Mr. Weller having declined iu liis luvor. Mr. Weller, a few evening* since, married a Niece of Mr. Benton, I believe, and would proba bly Imvu no objection lo becoming a resident ul'ilie District. Mr. Wulker entered up in tlie duties ofhi* office lo.day, und wu* introduced to tlie cfarks ol tlie Do- partmont. Mr. Marcy, who yesterday entered upon the du ties of liis uilice. (See. uf War.) to-day received tlie officers of tlio Army iu uniform. Tlie officer* afterwards paid their respects to Mr. nud Mrs. Polk. Mr. Johnson commenced bis labor* ns Post Mas ter General yesterday, and received the congratu lations of liis friends. lie was introduced lo the Clerks of tlie Department during tlm day. Mr. Mason bolds on to tlie Navy Office, and will do so until Mr. Bancroft is confirmed ur soma one else. Mr. Nelson also retains the Office of Attorney General until Mr. Mason is ready to receive it. Mr. Calhoun wus officiating iu the State Depart- nenl to-day. und il is snid that Mr. Buchanan will visit Pennsylvania lioforo entering upon the duties of his office. There are rumors of “a fl.i re up” between the President und Col. Butler, of Ky. Mr. B. expect led a Cabinet appointment, uud is ollered tlie ulfice ofaCImrgo to South America. The Inauguration.—On Tuesday last, the In auguration of Mr. Poi.k, us President of the United Slates, took placo. Here, lit Ruieigh, the day wus lowering and unpropitiuus; indeed, the “very Heavens seem’d hung in biack." The ceretlion ies at Washington, however, were doubtless more expeusivo and imposing, than have ever before marked a similar occasion. Tlie udvnnceof luxu rious refinement, seems to demand more of pump and show, with eacli succeeding Inauguration, but we confess a wish tlint tlie nobler simplicity which characterised lite earlier duys of tlie Republic had stiil been maintained among us. As u marked contrast lo the custom of onr own day, we present the following remarks, from the “New York Sun," upon Inaugurations, in the olden lime : “Washington arrived at Newnk,where a hand some barge wus prepared, and lie was rowed over the bay by thirteen Piiots. He landed at tho foot of Wall street, where lie met a barouche and four white horses, with cubs, bunuers, music, and office hunters. The great Paler Patriae walked up Queen street, (now Peurl street,) to Fruukliii square, where lie lodged, followed by a procession of gentlemen who knew how to estimate such a man. The General made them a graceful bow when lie entered the house, and they nl! returned home. After sometime, General Washington took liis hat and cane and walked over, nnat. tended, to dine with old Governor Clinton, which he did enfamille. Five duys afterwards, a squad, ron of old continental liur.e, and a regiment com. mended by his companion in arms, Col. Morgan Lewis, and a committee uf Congress, escorted him to the City Hull, which then stood where the Custom House now stands. The General took bis seal in tho Representative Chamber for a while, and then went into the balcony in lite front of the street in presence of tlie Sovereign people, where tlie oath or office wns administered lo that great mun by Chancellor Livingston, who then said “Long live George Washington, Presi dent of tlio United States,” on which tho people cheered and tlie President tnudo a Speech ; after which lie came out, walked up Wall street to Broadway, attended by Congress, nnd hoard Divine service at St. Paul’s Church. “A few days afterwards, the President gave no- tico that, on Tuesday and Friday, lie would re ceive visits of ceremony, but that on other days vis its ofcompliment would not be agreeable, and more especially on Sundays. In nil this there was Re publican simplicity and dignity. There wus no ringing the bcl 1 by an impudent partisan, marching into the President’s private parlor, shaking him familiarly by the hand, and asking for office. The same and even less ceremony attended the inaugu ration of Jefferson, who rode to Washington on horseback unattended, excepting by a servant, who carried his saddle hags. The same with Madison and Monroe.—If the groat men of our Revolution sot such an example of Republican simplicity, why sliould nof t 'eir successors walk in their fool steps? It is natural that whore there is gayety there is at. traction. Those who visit Washington to enjoy a very innocent pleasure, but how many visit Wush. ington with other and more interested motives ?” P. 8. As oar paper is preparing for Press, we have received the “Intelligoncer,” giving an ac count of the Inaugural Ceremonies. It must have been an up-hill a Hair to form a Procession, on tlie plan proposed, when the ruin was pouring in tor rents. “Such a display of Umbrellas,” says the "Intelligencer," “as darkened the City by their shades, was never witnessed probably by tlie “old. est inhabitant.’’ Where was Amos Kendal? We shall look out for a second edition of liis omems. Effects of Opium jn the Mind.—A Indy, who know nothing experimentally of opium, once told us, that bIio "could lull when Mr. Co'uridge hail taken too much opium by his shining countenance." She was right : wo know that mark of opium ex cesses well, and the cause of it ; or ut least we bo. Move the cattso lo lio in the quickening of the itisen. sible perspiration, which accumulates und glisten* on tho face. Bo that as il may, a criterion it wn* that could not deceive us as lo the condition of Cole, ridge. And uniformly in that condition lie made hi* most effective intellectual displays, il is true that lie might not he happy undut this fiery anima tion, und we fully believe that lie wa> not. Nobody is happy under laudanum except for it very short term ofyenrs. But in what way did that oporate upon his exertions ns a writer? We ure of opin ion thut it killed Coleridge as a poet. “Tho harp of Qunntock” was silenced for ever by the torment ol opium.—But proportionality il roused nud slung by misery hi* metaphysical instincts into more spas modic life. Poetry can flourish only in tho nlntos- pliore of happiness. But subtle and perplexed in vestigations of difficult problems are amongst the commonest resources for beguiling the sense of misery.—Blackwaood’s Magazine^ Sinoulah Cure for Headache.—I Imd a violent headache, which the captain undertook to cure nnd ho certainly succeeded. Ho made mo sit down, seized hold of my caput, und, plucing a thumb on euclt of my temporal arteries, pressed them in such a way as lo almost stop ills whole circulation of my blood. Ho then directed me to heave at long atigh at I could, nnd I walked in to dinner com- pletely cured. I have »een Indie* in thi* country, whilst suffering under such malady, appear with a wafer stuck on each tempi#, which, I presume, wa* only n milder way than my friend the captain em ployed of driving off this tormentor.—Afy Adven tures, by Col. Maxwell, K. H. IcMWMtamanoR to ran Mtiums eevam.J Nsw Yo«k. March 0,1046. ) H o’clock, a. M- ) Tkn town ia (till full of laik and speculation on political affair*. W hntover may bo the other quali fication* of Mr. Polk, ha certainly possesses in an eminent degree the faculty of astonishing liis friend* and mystifying his eiiuiuio*. Tlio composition of tha Cabinet has excited universal wonder among the democracy. Ilia received very much as wa* his own iiominaiiun—much to Hie chagrin and mortification ul tlio two great rival clique*, Van Buren und Calhoun, and liaidly to the saiisluction of anybody. And yet, il is a very able cabinet. Buchanan l* a strong iron ninn. Wuiker ha* plen ty of qoiek silver. Murcy is a good stulking-iiorsa licside* having a liuud of In* own—und Bancroft’* talents aro indisputable. Tito worst thing about tlio now administration it undoubtedly ihu disposi tion uf the Post Goneialship. But a* the new bill is now a law (nt least we suppose so, here,) t Im ro will ho no grent room for afflicting or oppressing the peoplo. By tlio way, it is said tliut thc penalties against private expresses, enacted by tlie new law, aro logo into immediate operation. If this i* so, it will seriously embarrass, if not entirely break up those failhlul nud efficient public servants, Hall, Hurndcn & Co., Admits &i Co., Livingston and others, who huvu been our chief dependence against lite imbecility of tho department under existing cir. curnsluiice* ; while the benefits i f tho new law are postponed until July. A most vexatious state of things truly. Tile Inaugural Address meets witli a very favor able receptiun. it show* the present purposes of Mr. Pulk in u light gratilying to Ihu country, in ma ny respects—«s hu is evidently determined to con- duct tlie duties of liis high office witli no indepen dent spirit, and will yield obedience to nono of the culm!* which busul him. Tlie Custom House and other Tyler officehold er* here, are highly eluted with the direction events at Washington have taken, und fuel cortuln that very few changes will hu made. I have nothing new to say of our commercial af fairs. The stuck, cotton and other markets are without new features. The weather is sour nnd windy. Boreas lias got big trumpet, and is blowing ou'. the air of March forward witli ull liis lungs. The “Native” dust drive* in troops of whirlwind* that have lost their way. We Imd a little rain yesterday, but it clear- ed up ngnin in the afternoon. The anticipated rownt Tammany Hull, between the Natives and the “hoys” did not come off. Ball and meeting were both wisely given up, and the city preserved. Preparation* for the spring election are going on vigorously on all sides, and we shall doubtless Itavo un exciting time of it. Standing Committees of tlie Senate of the United States for the next Session. On Foreign Relations.—Messrs. Allen, chairman, Cass, Archer, Atherton, ami Huger. C'n Finance.—Messrs. Woodbury, McDuffie, Benton, Evans, and Phelps. On Commerce.—Messrs. Haywood, Dix, Huntington, Johnson, of Maryland, and Sevier. On Manufactures—Messrs. Dickinson, Sturgeon, Simmons, Semple and Speight. On Agriculture.—Messrs. Sturgeon, Semple, Uphatn, Bales, and Barrmv. On Military Affairs.—Messrs, Benton, llannegan, Crittenden, D,x, und Phelps. , On Militia.—Messrs. Atchison, Semple, Barrow Fairfield, and Corwin. On Naval Affairs.—Messrs. Fairfield, Colquitt, Mc Duffie, John M. Clayton, and Dickinson. On Public Lands.—Messrs, Breese. Speight,A slilcy, Woodbridge, and Jarnagau. On Private Land Claims.—Messrs. llannegan, Sem pie, Johnson, ol Louisaua, Dayton, and Thomas Clay ton. On Indian Affairs Messrs. Sevier, Bagby, Phelps, Morehead, and Atchison. On Claims Messrs. Bagby, Mangum, Joint M. Clayton, Semple, and Dickinson. On Revolutionary Claims.—Messrs. Semple, Jarna- gia, Greene, Haimegan, and Colquii', On the Judiciary.—Messrs. Ashley, Huger, Webster, Berrien, and Breese. On the Post Office and Post Roads.—Messrs. Niles, Sturgeon, Simmons, Semple, and Johnson, of Louisi ana. On Roads and Canals. — Messrs. Atherlon, Lewis, Corwin, Sturgeon, and Woodbridge. On Pensions.—Messrs. Dix, Bates, Miller, Ashley, and Atcliinson. On the District if Columbia.—Messrs. Colquitt,Scvi- er, Johnson of Maryland, Miller, und Woodbury. On Patents and the Patent Office.—Messrs. \Vood- br idge, llannegan, Sturgeon, Speight, and Lewis. On Retrenchment.—Messrs Lewis, Morehead, Ather ton, Dayton, and Dickinson. On Territories.—Messrs.Bagby, Allen,Lew is, Evans, and John M. Clayton. On Public Buildings.—Messrs. Dayton, Simmons, and Bates. To audit and control the Contingent Excuses of the Senate.—Messrs. Niics, Breese, and Corwin. On Printing, — Messrs. Atherton, Simmons, and Semple. On Engrossed Bills.— Messrs. Speight, Greene, and Jarnagiu. Medical College of Georgia.—Tho Annual Commencement of the Medical college or Geor gia wns held on Tuesday, the 4th instant, at tho Masonic Hull. The degrot, of Doctor of Medicine wus conferred upon thirty-three gentlemen, by tlie Hon. C. J. Jenkins, President of tlio Board of Trustees. An able and eloquent address lo the Graduating Class was mude by the Rev. Wm. T. Brantly, Jr.; which was followed by an appro priate und highly interesting valedictory by Dr. T. B. Gordon, one of the graduates. We subjoin a catalogue of the graduates : Milton Antony, of Gn. A. T. Anderson, “ A. R. Bixby, “ J. M. Bowers, “ S. R. Caver, “ G. M.Cade, “ W. L. Cochran, “ W. E. M. Cousin* “ W. H. Davis, W, H. Ellington, “ l 1 . B. Gordon, “ J. M. Galphin, “ Tnonias Graves, “ J.S. Holliday, " J. A. Harlow, " A. L. Haminoud, “ James Hill, “ S. C. Ga. A. H. Jackson, of Ga, Taliaferro Jones, “ J. H. Jennings, “ W. W. Leake, “ J. T. Lamar, “ Jesse Lowe, I. M. Moragne, R. M. Parks, 11. W. Rutherford, S.C. J. P. RuIIh, Gu. R. M. Stull, •• I). R. Strong, Ten. E. A. Stribling, Ga. J. W. Todd, T. Wakefield, S. C. F. B. Wakefield, Ga. F*0»Taue_.Br the •nJvaT.IZTTr?! Steamship John 8. MeIC.m, Cup.. LWiTrtvlT New Orkuns Picayune) w,. have dan-a to tlm 20,T ull—three day* later. T..e McK. broke - her alinlta the second night nut, which somuwb. delayed her passage. * Our files am barren of inielUgenro nfinquirn,, and veilmliy we leuru there w.i* no news siirnr,-,' The follow ing ure tlm only items wu eoahlui^ ’ from our exchange*. 1(1 111,1 The uniiivcrsury of the birth day of naliinctc n wn* duly honored at by tin- non unit other demonstration#. According lo the New*, tho peoplo of tlm \V c „i are quietly pursuing their huaiim**. TlieGi-rnuia colonials under Prince do Sol,ns me now encamp, edjust ubnve Victoria. Tin y are snid lubeg„v t .,„" ed by laws and regulations of tlmir own, I,#,:'" no other inlereonr»n with the inhabitants' il, s „' •* absolutely necessury lo purchase supplies, '* Corn on me Guoduloj,,. is becoming scarce, nru) is now worth 75cents per bushel, wnh a prulu,.,., of further increase of price. The cotton crop »q| full short of tlm former estimate. Tho editor of lliu News) complains of the ness nud ii regularity of tlio Texas mnils, and t|, en ’ nays that hu generally receives Inter dates |> om \Vushieglon on the Potuninc than from Wusliip,,. ton on the Brazos. Success of a Yankee Boy.—Mr. Coleman in, inventor of the piano attachment, which liaa nttruci. ed Hie udniirniion of the musical world, i* us, having returned in Ihu Hiberniu. H'c under, stand tliut Im lui* disposed ofiiis entire right p, ,[,* invention in Europe for six hundred thuusunrj d 0 |. lurs, cash down. Before leaving tiii* country ho Imd sold the right for Massachusetts lor ten tlious und dollar*, und for New York, one hundred thous und. He thus receives seven bundled and fop thousand dollars. A pretty fair sum fur a Yankee not yet thirty years old. Mr. C. bus a haud.oire estate utSuruloga, wdiere lie resides. Sumo ten years agolie advertised un exhibition in this | ow „ of a miniature steam engine und railroad car—tick, et* of admission twelve and u half cants, Thi-ro were nut a dozennt present. He afterward* mu ufactured accordions witli sucb tools n* his enabled him to procure or to borrow,und subsequent ly gave lessons on that instrument. His succe-iiiii career since then is known. Mr. C’ssroliun was not lite only “attaclui.»',i" tlint he took out whh him lo Europe. Hr- .ad formed a previous one for a young ludy in |,, „ a . live town, whose fall,or—worth hi* two Luudre-' thousand—forbade tlie buns,on nccou ,i oftlicrui. tor’s poverty. “I will have her yet,” was the response of tho young musician—“Never,” indignantly shouted ilia lullter, “until you nru worth more money man 1 am.” ••? shall claim your daughter, sir, one day,” was tlie bitter response of the iculianist His wealth more titan trebles thutoftlie young Iu. dy’s father, nud us sbo hus ever had hr “a tacli. menl" for him, il is not improbable tiut the uo- durute heart may soften and melt before the oin. impotence of wealth. New Bcilferd Bulletin. Another Musical Invention.—The Walking, toil correspondence of tlie New York Expreii suya .- “A patent was taken out a few weeks since,by a young artist, Mr. E. J. Walker, for an improve ment iqion tiie piano, by which the harmonic tones, so sweat und so difficult of attainment, even lo die most skillful performer, ure produced at pleasure by the use of u pedal. Heretofore, i believe, llie«e harmonics imve never been brought out upon the piano, and upon the harp and violin only by the most eminent artists. Last Saturday evening Mr. Walker gave a concert, iu which lie made the first public exhibition of his invention, uud so far as I have learned, there wus but one opinion of his suc cess. Such harmony was never before beard from the piano. As an artist, Mr. Wulker has but few equals ; hut the exquisitely sweet and melting tones of tho harmonies produced a sensation far exceed, ing any effort of skill in execution. Sameness of tone has been the greatest objection to piano music, and gave a superiority to the harp and violin.— This objection is bow entirely removed ; and the lone of the instrument may now be made to cortes. pond lo the sentimental. I believe this U the greatest improvement in tlie musical department that has been made since tlie invention of tlie piano; and is destined to effect a revolution in iiislrumeo. tal music. Mr. Walker has devoted several years, 1 understand, lo the perfection of his invention, enJ will snou visit New York to exhibit inhere.” Liebig when a Bov.—Lio (rig was distinguished at school as a ‘booby,’ the only talent llten cultiva ted in German schools being vorlinl memory. On ono occasion, being sneeringly asked by the mus ter, what he proposed lo become, since Im w as so bad a scholar, and answoriog that Im would 1 be a chemist, tlio whole school burst into a laugh of de. risiott. Not long ago Liebig saw hi* old school master, who feelingly lamented liis own former blindness. Thu only b-iy in the sumo school who ever disputed w itli Lining the station of‘booby,’ was one who never cuuid learn liis lesson by heart, but wa* continuuily composingmuic, and writing il down by stealth, in school. The mine individual Liebig lately found ut Vienna, distinguished as a composer, uud cumlucnir of tlie intporiul Opera- house. I think liis name i* Reuliug. It is to be imped that a muro rattanul system of school tn. ■truclinu i* guiding ground. Can any tiling lie more absurd or detestable Hum a system which made Waller Scott and Justus Liebig ‘boobies’ut school, nnd so effectually concealed llieir natural tn. lent*, that for example, Liebig wns often lectured before the whole school on his being sure to cause misery and broken hearts tc hi* parents, while lie wa* all the time conscious, sa the above anecdote prove*, of the possession of talents similar iu kind to thoee he liaa since displayed. Phrenological Jour. [from the n. o. PICAYUNE, j Hutton in California—the oregon sf.ttuks. — We Imve been informed by n gentleman, whs left lite 1’ncilic coast in December Iasi, that hvoor three Americans nre about lo engage in tiie cul ture of cotton in tho lower part ol Upper Califor nia, and that they feel confident of rawing a supe rior article end iu grunt abundance. Their rancho or plantation is not far from Sun Diego, in lot. 83 degree N., tlie elinmle being warm and delightfully fine. Tho tame gentleman informs us that many of tlio Oregon settlor* have arrived in the neighbor. hood of the Bay of San Francisco, in the Upper California, nnd taken up llieir nbode there. 'They reporl Oregon ns n poor country—notbingiihe 'h® one il was represented to them to be—and appear thankful that tlie opporiunily has been uffbrded litem of leaving it nnd reaching a more fruitful nnd pen- iul clime. So productive is Hie land in tlio neigh borhood of Sun Francisco, that one bushel of«heat sown frequently yields n crop ofsevenlyfivebush els, and this with very litlie »ro <ble, while the c!i* male is so dry and pure thut sickness is almost un known. To illustrate the remarkable dryness of the climute, iris hut necessary Instate that »h(tl vehicles, furnilur, &c. manufactured in New Eng land of the best seasoned timber, shrink up shortly after reaching tbit section of California and fall to pieces unioss overy precaution Is taken. Ameri can emigrants aro constantly arriving ami settling a' the Sacramento and other streams emptying ,B ‘ to tiio Bay ofSan Francisco. At the Verb* Buena the English is the principal language spoken, mo Alcalde being on American, and the lime i* net far distant witen litis part of California will teem with Anglo Saxon civilization und tlie thrifty product* of Anglo Saxon Imud*. From tub Sandwich Islands.—The New York Journal ol Commerce has u file of tiie Polynesia and Friend, to tlie 24 nf September, 1844. On tlie 23d ol Jinx ,usl, Hie Chiefs of Httnliioc und Uuraburu tendered to Lord Beorgo l’uulel tlie cession of their Islands, for liis Govern - incut, that they might bu protected from "* French. Lord Geurge declined accepting ll "j cession, on tlio ground thut tlie Fret fit claime Hie leeward islands us well as tlio ollieis ut tl'U- * cieiy Group, a* being under llieir aulhoriiy. Tim merchants w ill bo interested to know t the government, in order to meet tlm exigencies o tlio treasury, intend raising lite import duties trot llieir nruseul rutu lo 5 per cent, advuloretn.—” yncsian. Conscientious Prisoner.—Tho people of '® r moot lire celebrated tbu world over for flora i ^ and tipiiglitiiuss— but we were not made awuro ^ lately tlint even llieir convicts were among trust worthy men in the community. Tnc Y|e ry says, a young man recently urrived at ” ’ | iu f,iu stage, uud applied for udn’issinn in tlm Prison, kliowing the papers which entitled , i( j residence there. It seems lie had been c< ’ n,l ‘| ia ut Montpelier lor some offence, sentenced to 8utu Prison forBix month*, and in order 1° # expense, wus liltod out with liis papers, am ** Windsor by stage, without sheriff or other sue" - On reselling Woodstock, Hie singe by ncctaa* him; hot lie ooolly waited* day or two or next stage !