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MACON TELEGRAPH.
TCHC'Q.GKECIAN WAR.
Official Account of the Destruction of the
Turkish amt Egyptian Elects.
From the London Gazette Extraordinary.
Admiralty Office, Nor. 10,1827.
Despatches, of which the following are cop
ies or extracts, have been this day received at
this office, addressed to John Wilsou Crocker,
Esq. by Vice Admiral Sir Edward Codrington,
X. ,C.‘B. commander in chief of his Majesty’s
ships in the Mediterranean
tain Dell commanding the Royal Marines of
the Asia, au excellent officer, was killed early
in (lie action, in the steady performance of
his duty; and I have to mourn the death of
Mr. William Smith, tho Master, admired for
the zeal and ability with which he executed his
duty, and beloved by all for his private qualities
as a man. Mr. lleury S. Dyer, my Secretary
having received a severe contusion from e
splinter, I am deprived temporarily of his valu
able assistance in collecting aud keeping up
the general returns aud communications of the
squadrons; I shall therefore retain in my office,
Mr. E. J. T. White, his first Clerk, whom I
His Majesty's ship Asia, •
* In the Port of xXavarino, Oct. 21, 1827., , .
Sir—I have the honor of mformiug his lie- ' *' ave nominated to succeed the purser of the
yal Highness the Lord High Admiral, that my , J*rbk. I feel much personal obligation to tho
colleagues, Count Hayden and Chevalier do Ciout* Col. Craddock, for Iks readiness,
Riguy, having agreed with rao that we should
come into this port, in order to iuduce Ibra
him Pacha to discontinue the brutal war of ex
termination, which he has been carrying on
aiubo his return hero from his failure in the Gulf
-*if Pul Fas, the combined squadron passed the
batteries in order to take up their anchorage at
’about two o’clock yesterday afternoon.
•VJ'The Turkish ships were moored iu the form
of a croceut, with springs on their cables, the
larger ones pieye'nting their broadsides towards
the auntie, the smaller ones in succession with
in them, filling up the intervals.
The'combined fleet was formed in tlte order
of sailing in two columns, the British aud
French, forming tho. weather or starboard
line, aud tho Russian tho lee hue.
The Asia led iu, followed by the Genoa and
Albion, and anchored close alongside a ship of
the line, bearing the flag of tho Capitana Bey,
another ship ol the line; and a large double
banked frigate, each tints having their proper
opponent iu the front line of tho Turkish licet.
The font ships to windward, partof the Egyp
tian squadron,'were allotted to the squadron of
Rear AdmjjriijjdeRigny; and those to leeward,
in the bigiit of the crescent, were tojtnark tho
stations of tho whdle. Russian squadron; the
ships of their line closing those of the English
line, and being followed up by their own frig
ates. The French frigate Arraide was direct
ed to place herself alongside the outermost frig
ate, oa the left hand entering tho burbot: aud
tho Cambrian, Glasgow, and Talbot next to
ber; ahd'abreast of the Asia, Genoa and Albi
on; tho Dartmouth and the Musquito, the
Rose, the Brisk, and the Philomel were to look
after the six fire vessels at tho entrance of the
barker. 1 gave orders that no guns should be
fired, unless guns were fust fired by the Turks;
and those orders were strictly observed.—
The three English ships were accordingly
permitted to pass tho batteries to moor, as
they did with great rapidity, without any act
of open hostility, although there was evident
preparation for it on board all the Turkish
ships; but upon tho Dartmouth sending a boat
to ouq of the fire vessels, Lieutenant G. W.
II. Fitzroy, and several of her crew were shot
with musketry. This produced a defensive
fire of musketry from tho Dartmouth and La
Syrette, bearing the flag of Rear Admiral dc
Rigny. That was succeeded by a cannon shot
at the Rear Admiral from one of the Turkish*
ships, which, of course, brought on a return,
and thus, very shortly afterwards, tho battle
became general. The Asia, although placed
alongside of the ship of the Capitana Bey, was
«ven nearer to that of Moharcra Bey, the com
mander of the Egyptian ships; and, since his
•hips did pot fire at tho Asia, although tho ac
tion was begun to windward, noithur did the
Asia fire at her. The latter indeed-sent a mes
sage “that he would not fire at all," add therefore
.no hostility took pluce between our two ships,
for some time after the Asia Had returned the
fire of tho Capitana Boy. * .
In tho meantime, however, our excellent pi
lot, Mr. Peter Mitchell, who went to interpret
to Moharem my desire to avoid bloodshed, was
killed by his people in our boat alongside.—
Whether with or. without his order I know not;
but his ship soon afterwards fired into the Asia
and was consequently effectually destroyed by
tho Asia’s fire, sharing tho same fate as his
brother Admiral on tho starboard side, and fall
ing to* leeward a mere wreck. Thoso ships
being out of tlib way, the Asia became expos
ed to a raking fire from vessels in tho second
and third line, which carried away hor mizen
mast by the board, disabled some of her guns,
and killed and wounded several of the crew.—
This narration of the proceedings of the Asia,
would probably be equally applicable to most of
the other ships of tho other fleet. The man
ner in which the Genoa and Albion took their
stations was boautiful: and the conduct of my
brother Admirals Count Hoyden and tho Chev
alier do .Rigneyy throughout was admirable and
highly exemplary,
Captaiar ello.wes executed the partalloted
to him perfectly, and with tho ablo assistance
of hit littlo but brave detachment- s-wed the
Syrene from being burnt by the fire vessels.—
And tho Cambrian? Glasgow, and Talbot, fol-
lowingtho example of Captain Hugon, of the
Amide, who was opposed to the leading frigate
of the line effectually destroyed their opponents,
and also silenced the batteries. This bloody
and destructive battle was continued, with una
bated fury, for four hours, and the scene of
wrock aud devastation which presented its&If
at its termination was such as has boen seldom
witnessed. As each ship of our opponents be
came, effectually disabled, such of her crew as
could escape from her endeavored to set her on
fire, and it is wonderful how we avoided the ef
fects of tlier successive and awful explosions.
It is impossible for me to say too much for
tho ablo and zealons assistance which I derived
ftom Capt. Curzon throughout this long and ar
duous contest; nor can I say more than it de
serves for the conduct of Commodore Baynes
and the officers and crew of the Asia, for the
perfection with which the fire of their guns was
directed; each vessel in turn, to which her
broadside wax presented became a complete
wreck.. His Royal Highness will be aware, that
so complete a victory by a few, however per
fect, agaiast an excessive number, however in
dividually inferior, cannot be acquired but at a
considerable sacrifice of life; accordingly I have
to lament the loss of Captain Bathurst, of the
Genoa, whose example on this occasion is well
vorthy tbo weitsfina of bis survivors. Cap.
during the heat of the buttle, in carrying my
orders and messages to tho different quarters
after my Aids do Camp woro disabled; but 1
will beg permission to refor his Royal Highness
for furthor particulars of this sort to the details
of tho killed and wounded, a subject which it is
painful for me to dwell opon; when I contem
plate, as I do with extieme sorrow, the exteat
of our loss, I console myself with the reflection,
that tho moasuro which produced tho battle
was absolutely necessary for obtaioiag the re
sults contemplated by tho Treaty, and that it
was brought on entirely by our opponents.
When I found that tho boasted Ottoman
word of honor was made a sacrifice to wauton,
savage devastation, and that a baso advantage
was taken of our reliattco upon Ibrahim’s good
faith, I felt, a desire to punish tho offenders.—
But it was my duty to refrain, and refrahrl did;
and I can assure yonr Royal Highness, that I
would still have avoided this disastrous extrem
ity, if other moans hud been open to me.—
The Asia, Genoa, and Albion, have each
suffered so much, that it is my intention
to send them to England as soun as they
shall have ccccived tho necessary repairs
for their voyage. The Talbot, being closely
engaged with a double banked frigate, has also
suffered considerably as well as others of die
smaller vessels; but I hopo tlieir defects are
not more than can be made good at Malta.—
Tho loss of men in the Tnrco-Egyptian
ships must have been immense, as his Royal
Highness will see by tho accompanying lists,
obtained from the Secretary of tlte Capitana
Boy, which includes that of two out ol tho
three ships to which the English division was
opposed. Captain Curzon having preferred
continuing to assist me in tho Asia, I have
given the charge of my despatches to Com
mander Lord'Viscount Ingestre, who besides
having had a brilliant sliaro in tho action, is
well competent to give his Royal Highness
tiie Lord High Admiral any further particulars
ho may require.
I euclosc, for his Royal Highness’ further
information, a letter from Captain Hamilton,
descriptive of the proceedings of Ibrahim Pa
cha, and the misory of the country which he
has devastated, a protocol of a conference
which I had with ray colleagues, and the plan
and order for entering the port, which I gave
out in consequence. 1 have the honor to be,
&c. (signed) E. CODRINGTON,
Vice Admiral,
STATE OF THE UNION.
Documents accompanying the President's Mes
sage.
Report op the Secketarv op War.
Tho Secretary of War gives a high?
ly satisfactory exposition of tho state of the De
partment under his charge. We are pleased to
observe, that in adverting to the moral discip
line of the army, ho mentions that owing to the
fow examples which have of necessity been
made, the vice of intemperance has been, so far
as ho is officially informed, rendered extract.
To i s good discipline generally, tho most amplo
testimony is borne by General Brown, who
furnishes a full account of tho result of his late
tour of observation, in a letter addressed to tho
Secretary, and transmitted with his report. On
tho score of economy and punctuality, the fis
cal concerns of tho army present a flattering
prospect, as it is probable during tho ensuing year,
notwithstanding tho unusual sources of expense,
tho amount required will bb less by nearly a
million of dollars; principally however, owing
to surpluses from former appropriations. An
alteration proposed by the Commissary Gener
al of subsistence iu his department, in sup
plying the army by contract, is proposed to
tho favorable consideration of Congress as it
has reduced tho price of rations at the most
expensive posts, to 11 6-10 cents, aud at the
cheapest to 6 8-10 cents. Tho erection of
buildings ns proposed by tho Quarter master
General, is recommended, at or near New York
and New-Otleans. An army asylum is also
recommended to be supported by a small de
duction frotn the pay of the officers and privato ,
and.it is suggested that Congress furnish the 1
means for"the erection of necessary buildings.;
With regard to tho Academy at West Point
it is reported as in a flourishing condition and
the appointment of cadets has beenso arranged
as to take one from each Congressional district.'
The corps of Engineers, havo been engaged,
part in field duty, and others in superintending
fortifications. The suggestion contained in for
mer reports of the inadequacy, under the existing
organization, of this useful corps, to the extent
of the public service, is repeated. The balance
of the report consists of notices of the different,
employments of detachments, of the army, and
references to documents accompanying the re
port, and matters which having transpired during
the year in different sections of the country,
have already come under public notice.—Bal
timore Chronicle. ——
NAVY REPORT.
Mr. Southard, in his Navy Report, mentions
that the vessels in commission have been em
ployed in the manner stated last year, and that
the officers havo performed their duties in a
manner satisfactory to the Department.
There has been as little sickness as usual in
tho different squadrons. That in the Mediter
ranean will not be diminished; will consist of
the followiug vessels;—the Delaware, Java,
Lexingtonr Warred, and Porpoise, under the
command of Capt. Crane. Capt. Ridgley con
tinues in command in the,-West Indies, and no
piracies bate occurred there..' The force will
not he diminished on tho coast of Brazil, as
the same exposures exist; and Capt. Biddle
will continue in command.—Many of our sea-
moil there, and in other parts of South Ameri
ca, have been assisted to return home, after be
ing cast out of a foreign service. In the Paci
fic a small force, equal to what was employed
last year, is still considered necessary. Our
commerce in that ocean is rapidly increasing.
Five millions in American property, and 2000
of seamen were iu tho port of Honolulu, iu the
last year. Tho Secretary wishes tho number
of vessels under commission maj be increased,
in order that four may be constantly kept in
that part of the world, and reliefs of two vessels
sent out alternately by Capes Horn and Good
Hope. Arrangements mado with tho govern
ments of sotite of tiro Sandwich and Society
Island, by Capt. Jones, is hoped, will bo ad
vantageous to our merchants for the futore,
partly by preventing the desertion of seamen,
and restoring thoso who have deserted.
,Tho Report urges again the opening ef a
regular passage and communication through
the Isthmus of Panama, by which a great sav
ing mightbe effected, of time and money, in the
management and movements of our ships, and
in the course of commerce.
The. Shark has accomplished the objects
of her cruize on the fishing banks, as well as to
Mcsurado on tho African coast. There are
now buildings at the latter place sufficient for
the accommodation of 150 recaptured slaves—
probably as much as would bo wanted at any
one time. Colonists may now be sent to Afri
ca for $25 each; and they will be able to sup
port themselves after a fow months. The
slave trade is abolished at that place, and has
been greatly checked along tho coast.
The estimates of tho Department for the
year aro $3,043,679—including an item for
the completion and equipment of ten sloops of
war. Deducting this, they will bo $172,455
less that! the last. A small increase is recom-
raonded in the number of officers, principally
in the medical class. It is recommended by
Congress to make the appropriation, this ses
sion, for a year and a quarter, for the conven
ience of the service; and to make several other
ucw arrangements of secondary importance.
The ports of Rrunswick and Savannah have
been surveyed, and reported. Contracts have
been made for timber for five ships of the line,
five frigates and five sloops of war, authorized
by the 2d section of tho act for tho “gradual
improvement of the Navy." Reservations of
public land Havo been made in Louisiana aud
Alabama, near the-Pensacola Navy yard, and
tho last has been planted with Live Oak for
ship building. The coasts of South Carolina
Georgia and Florida have been examined, and
but littlo of that timber found there; and the
wost coast of Florida is to bo examined. Tho
Department are convinced that it will be ne
cessary to plant live oak to securo a supply for
our Navy.
Tho dry dock at Charleston has been com'
nseuccd, and that at Gosport will be speedily
begun. Contracts have been inado for both.
The marine rail-way for Pensacola has not
yet been detcimincd upon. The examination
of all the navy yards, and plans for their im
provement, will be completed next spring.
The report recommends again the creation of a
rani: higher than Captains, the establishing a
naval academy, increasing the corps of marines
now only amounting to 750, and regulating the
code relating to it. A Naval Hospital is buid-
ing at Norfolk, an Asylum at Philadelphia, and
sites have been purchased at Boston and New
York, to be all paid for out of tho fund raised
by iho appropriations made fiont the pay of
officers, seamen and marines. N. Y. D.Adv.
PROCEEDINGS OF CONGRESS.
TREASURY REPORT.
The Treasury Report of Mr. Secretary
Rush, affords indubitablo evidence that our fi
nancial affairs are iu good condition and in
good hands.
The following brief statement, taken from
the report shows the revenue and expenditures
for 1826 and 1827.
The nott revenue which accrued from duties
on imports and tonnage, during the year 1826,
amounted to $20,248,54.30; and the actual
receipts into the Treasury from all sources
during tho year 1826 amounted to $25,260,-
434 21 ; making, with the balanco in the Trea
sury on the 1st of January, 1826 of 5,201,
650 43 an aggregate of $30,462,084 64.
The actual receipts into the Treasury, du
ring he first three quarters of tho year 1827
are estimated to havo amounted to $17,488,-
810 07: and the actual receipts into the Trea
sury during the fourth quarter of tho year aro
estimated at $5,117,480 00, making tho total
estimated receipts into the Treasury dnring
the year 1827, $22,606,290 07; and with the
balance in tho Treasury on tho 31st Dec. of
$6,358,636 18, an aggregate of $28,964,976 25.
The aggregate of the expenditures during the
three first quarters of the year 1827 are estima
ted to have amouuted to $17,895,390 96 ; and
tho expenditures of the fourth quarter aro es
timated at $4jSGO,000 00; making the total ex
penditures of the year 1827, $22,695,390 96:
and leaving in the Treasury, on the 1st Janu
ary, 1828, ah estimated balance of $6,269,585
29. ■ ■- —• Con Journal
In the Treasury Report is recommended an
increase of duties on woollen goods and foreign
wool, on fine cotton goods, on bar iron and
hemp, and a reduction of the present duties on
wines and teas; also, an extension of the time
during which our merchants thay exercise the
right uf re-exporting foreign merchandise, with
out losing the benefit of drawback.
LEAD MINES.
The Report of the Lead Mines gives a ve
ry satisfactory review of tho importance of this
property to the United States; the expected
annual supply is equal to 10,000,000 pounds.
A tytheof which, as rent received by the gov
ernment, will be more than sufficient for the
purpose of the army and navy.
REVENUE OF RHODE ISLAND.
Tho revenue of Rhode Island for the last six
months amounted to 18,033 dollars 68 cents:
its expenditures daring that period were only
8,585 dollars 12 cents.
IN SENATE.
Tuesday, Dec. 18.
Mr. Robbins introduced a bill to provide for
the decision ef controversies between the sev
eral States of the Union,, which was read and
ordered to tho second reeding.—Tho memo
rials and petitions of individuals who suffered
by French s|*>liutkras previous to 1800, were
referred to a select committee of seven, com-
S rised ofMessrs. Chambers, Webster, Berrien,
'azewcll, Parris, Hayne, and Johnston of La.
Mr. Woodbury presented a petition from the
surviving Officers of the Continental Army, for
the half pay promised them, which was referred
to a select committee, comprised of Messrs.
Woodbury, Harrison, Berrien, Van Buren
aud Webster, and ordered to be printed. Tho
resolution submitted by Mr. Ridgely., for the ap
pointment of a committee of five to revise the
Rules of tho Senate, was considered and agreed
to, and Messrs. Ridgely, Ruggles, King, Macon
and Foote were appointed to constitute that
committee. Tho resolution offered by Mr.
Woodbury to consider the expediency of abol
ishing all discriminating duties on the vessels of
foreign nations, extending (be same measure to
this country, was considered and agreed to.—
The bill to explain the act reducing the peace
establishment of lira United States, (providing
for the appointment of Daniel Bissel, as CoL
of tho 2d Regiment of Artillery J was read the
third time and passed. Tho bill to provide for
tho distribution of a portion of the Revenue
among the several States of the Union, was read
the second time, and referred to a select com
mittee comprised of Messrs. Dickerson Branch,
Rowan, Smith of Md. Berrien, Tazewell and
Webster.
Thursday, December 20.
The Sonate was employed to a later hour
than usual to day, in a spirited discussion on
the bill to abolish Imprisonment for Debt;
and the further consideration of it was postpo
ucd until Friday week. A communication
was transmitted from the Secreiary of tho
Treasury, furnishing tho amount received from
Florida, since its cession, on imposts and ton-
age.
A resolution relating to the public lands was
introduced by Mr. HENDRICKS, of Indi
ana, which he prefaced with some remarks ex
planatory of tho same. The Senate adjourn
ed over until Monday.
Monday, December 24.
Mr. Benton introduced, with some, expluna-
tory remarks, his bill tn “graduate the price of
the public lands and to cede the refuse to the
states in which they lie;” which also elicited
some explanations from Mr. Barton. Mr. No
ble introduced a bill for tho continuation of tlte
Cumberland Road. Mr. Silsbec submitted a
resolution for the increase of the naval force in
the Mediterranean, on account of the piracies
to which tho commerce of the United States
js there subject.
HOUSE OF EEPRESENTAT1FES.
Tuesday, Dec. 18.
Mr. Mitchell, of Tennessee asked Jor the
considera.ion of the following resolution, which
had been laid on the (ablo yesterday:
Resolved, That the Committee on Indian
Affairs be instructed to inquire into the expe
diency and practicability uf establishing some
mode by which all tho. Indians, east of the
Mississippi river, may be immediately, or gra
dually removed beyond, or west of said river;
aud a sufficiency of land allotted to each tribe,
and secured to such tribe or tribes, with the
sovereignty or right of, sale, in the same man
ner, and the satno extent, that tho right of do
main is secured to tho respective States of
tho Union; and there to establish a territorial
governmant over them, of tho same kind, and
regulated by the same rules, that tho territo
ries of tho United States are now governed;
and that if the said Committee cannot devise
any plan that shall he just and magnanimous,
on the part of tho United States, to attain that
end, that they shall then inquire into the right
and expediency of extending the laws and mu
nicipal regulations of the United States, and al
so of the several States wherein said Iudians
reside, over them.
Mr. MITCHELL said:—
I did not intend to trouble the House with
a single remark upon tho introduction of this
resolution, and 1 will only detain them for a
few moments. It will be seen by the resolu
tion introduced by tho gentleman from Geor
gia, somo days ago, (when I had the misfor-
tuue to be. confinod to my room with sickness,)
that it embraces but eue feature of tlte many
important subjects contained in the resolution
which I had tho iionor to introduce. A mere
removul of tho Indians from their present ha
bitations, seems to be the principal object of
the resolution of the gentleman from Georgia,
My object is not barely to removo them; but
to give ihern protection and support, after they
are removed. When the, people came over
the waters of the Atlantic, whoso sons uow
occupy tka seats upon this floor, they found the
Indians tho inhabitants and sole owners of the
soil of this continent. Thoy have been driven
back from the shores of the Atlantic, to the
fastnesses, and defilos of the mountains, and
from territory to territory, until their bounds
aro almost reduced to - nothingness, and they
are now. in a deplorable conditon. Some of
them, it is true, have attained to wealth; but tho
great mass of their population is in tho must
abject, wretched, and ruinous condition imagi
nable. It has always been the policy, since
the organization of this Government, to extend
the'hand of friendship to them, and to use eve
ry honorable means to meliorate their condi
tion. In tho year 1803, Mr. Jefferson, whose
guardian care extended to every order and
class of society, turned the thoughts of bis
mighty mind to the improvement of their con
dition. AU of good that over has been done
for their civilization, lias emanated from his phi-
lanthropical and philosophic mind. He fur
nished them with every spccios of useful do
mestic animals and agricultural implements, to
enable thorn to commence the culture of tlieir
soil, aud to wean them from their roaming,
wild, precarious, and hunter’s life. He placed
the spindle and the loom in the hands of their
women, that by their industry thev^oT*
enabled to clothe themselves, and his 1
lent design has admirably succeeded ..T' 0 *
least, as could bo expected frotn their ikT’ W
vage and uncivilized state. But, Mr j
much more remains yet to be done
present condition, it is impossible to d» '”' r
towards tlieir civilization and emr.ncin •“' ll
placed within the bounds of sovereign
dependent States. They must bo re 0 *
to some place more suitable to their
and the fostering and protecting ar £
Government, more efficiently extend "*
them; Each succeeding administration .l'?
of Mr. Jefferson, has done somatfi*
their improvement, and have extend^ an
ious care over them. I am sorry that
.sanguine expectations have not been real
and that the results of their kindness
equalled their wishes. Some of them Lu
sure, are intelligent and wealihy; but the rn
mon people, the great mass of those tribes,
in the most abject, wretched, and barbae,!
state of vassalage imaginable, There is
thing in tlieir condition to excite our symnar
and nothing to call forth our vindicti*„Z*
My object in desmng their removal,j, no ,,'
drive them into the savage wilds, but u>r en J
them where they may improve their condiiJ
anq advance in the happy career ofsocialandri
vilized life. They are now in such a states
if they were under tho influence of a deleterious
and slow poison; they are droppi u » offdadT
and perishing by degrees. Tlieir preservation
and tho melioration of their condition should h»
«n object with the House, and of every class of
civilized society. Then let those that remain
he provied for. To drive them into the for.
est without the protecting arm of this Govern.'
ment, would bo as bad as to bring themimoone
place and there destroy them. They can nev.
er be free, civilized, and intelligent, while un-
der the influence of their present despoticeov.
erument. Shall it be contended that we otU I
to consult them, and obtain their consent to*
removal, when, in tlieir present condition: the
great body ol their nations possess no volition!
Fhey are totally ignorant of their situation.
I hey know not how to act for the best; there
fore, tho greut necessity that wo should act for
them. Is there an honorable member upon
this floor, who would sco an infuriated individ-
ual about to swallow a dose of poison, and
would not immediately snatcli the cup-from his
bps! Who would not wrest from the assassin,
the weapon that ho was about to plunge into
ins own bosom! Noun! 1 presume. Should
we not, their, in iiko raaiiuer, save the Indians
from' the jaws of destruction, and their ova
self-immolation at tho altar of ignorance? Shall
wo again be told, that we must apply 10 them
and attuiu their cousent, that we may bosiow
upon tliem our bounty and kindness? Noth
ing can bo more erroneous. . Can we expect
any thing else when wif apply to the ignorant,
but ignorance! IVe, who pretend to be hu
mane; indulgent, und intelligent, should en
deavor to give them a happy and regular fora
of government. Tney are now man roaming
in (lie forest, and can uot aud will not become
free, until they aro placed under a system of
sound logal restraint, other and difl'erent from
that under whitlb thoy now act. Therefore
the necessity ol giving them a government; but
I shall not at tho present, pretend to dictate
what the form of that government shall be, 11
this subject will have to undergo the learned
investigation of the Committee to wh,chit is
referred, and the subsequent favoruklo consi
deration of this House.
But not only should we give to them a regu
lar government, but also tho absolute sovereign-
sty and domain of tho soil to which they art
to ho removed. We will then hear no more
of treaties to bo huiden with them; no mure of
the appointment of Commissioners, to meet
them 111 Councils, and cheat them out of their
lauds—-What cud be more ridiculous anJ dis
graceful to this government, titan the beholding I
of treaties and councils with these nations of In-1
dians, located os tlray are, within tho bounds
of tho sovoteign states of the Uo.on? let,
Sir, 1 repeat it, nothing can be more disgrace-1
ful than a portion of the diplomatic history ol I
the government With these tribes of Indians, f
Tho government which I propose, should be
given them, will protect them by equal liw*. I
und lay them under proper legal restraint. 1°
become civilized and free, thoy must do as our
fathers havo done Thoy must give up a por
trait of their, wild savago liberties, that inty
inay havo the greator security and protection
in those most essential to their happine**-
When their state and condition shall beco® 5
sufficiently improved, their lands will bo din#-
cd among them per capilo, for thoy will
Continue savages unless they shall haw 4 **•’ I
simple in the soil—a spot that they caD c “ 1
and cultivate as their own. Nothing * ias I
groat a tendency to attach a man to In* i c,,ul1 ^ I
as an intorcst and property in the soil u l~
which lie lives; and nothing will more pm®
his civilization than the cultivation ano
provemeui of that soil. I consider it as nccC iI
sary that thoy should own and possess j
as it is that they should have a regular £ me !
ment extended ovor them. I would tuOJP
thorn a regular system of education,
they are not only to be taught their A, R
but academies, and a university, where tnotr 1
panded minds may enter into tho whole c
of scienco. From thence will necc “ ( .
grow agricultural, mechanical •»»' nm ". u ^
ing societies, and thus they will flow in ^
great ocean of the Union, as every lf‘ c I
humanity must ardently wish for.
If this benevolent plan bo carried in ^ I
ciltion, wc will then he relieved from j cnl -
barassment arising from tlieir situation an "
ditiou in the states of Georgia, Alabama, r
Carolina, Tennessee, and many other s j
the Union. From this, view of the ^ J
will be seen, that the resolution °‘ , .r d*
ble friend from Georgia, stops abort ^
great design I have been a . a3tiot ^. • ^ircdi
bs the H mso by this resolution. n» » I
so far as it extends: but it stops far saw ^ I
objects, in my humble conception-
nonsuited together, and he wiilnot he yr j
to this resolution.
After a fow remarks of apP r0 , ( 1 [V-1
Mr. LUMFKIN, of Georgia, and Mr-