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kWU^U L»VLG\SLiVV V? VVV..
IN SENATE.
Wednesday, December 1G.
A bit) was passed to add the territory lying with
in the charioted limits of Georgia, nowin the occu
pancy of the Cherokee Indians, to the counties of
Ca-roll, DeKalb, Gwinnett, Hall, ami Habersham,
and to rxteudthe laws of this State over the same,
ami to amend all laws and ordinances made by the
Cherokee nation of Indians, and to provide for the
compensation of otlicers serving legal process in
sail territory, and to regulate the testimony of In
dians, and to repeal the Uth section of the act of
1828, upon this subject.
The report.of the Hank committee, upon the
application of Col. Scaoorn Jones, to have Ins
bind cancelled. US' a director of the Central Bank,
was ordered to lie on the table till called up.
The report of the committee on Agriculture and
Internal Improvement, on the propriety of improv
ing the Flint rivet, was laid on the table till called
Dp; autl a resolution also, itirelatioti to compensa
tion to. the commissioners for marking out a large
market road from Decatur, in DeKalb county, to
Columbus..
Thursday, December 17.
The resolution to reconsider the journals ol yes
terday as respects the hill to add the territory I* ing
within the limits of Georgia, now in the occupancy
of the cherokecs, was negatived. A resolution was
adopted requiring the minutes, of the Board of
Trustees of Franklin College, with the minutes of
the rienatus Academicus, to be published with the
journals of the senate. A resolution was likewise
adopted to publish with the journals of the senate,
the tabular statement submitted by the committee
on Fuhlic Education and Free Schools, in relation
to the academic and poor school funds. Several
bills were read the third time and passed, and sev
eral others were read the second time.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Saturday, Det ember 12.
Mr. Warner offered the following protest, w hich
was read and ordered to be entered upon the jour
nals. viz.:
tl','areas, by the 9th section of an act passed on
the lirttli day'of Dec. 1828, to extend the laws of
this State over the territory within the chartered
limits of the same, in possession of the Cherokee
Nai.on oflndians, it is provided that no Indian or
dt'Cendant of an Indian residing within the Creek
mi l Cherokee nations of Indians, shall be deemed
a competent, witness or a party to any suit in any
court < icated by the constitution or laws of this 1 satisfy the President ot tin: United states ol our right
tst.it-, io wiiieh a while tnan may be a party ; and i to the immediate possession of the disputed country,
tv.icreas, bs an act which passed the House of Re- i undtliat be will comply with the request ol iny prede-
prose,natives on tho 11th day of December, 1829, c, 'f or >£ the Cherokees removed therefrom.
laiilci hill winch reads in the lollowing wo us, z, innitsot the country claimed by the Creeks and 6‘hero-
** I hat uo Indian or descendant ot an Indian, shall; (as well as his disposition to do us justice) tor his
he a competent witness in any court ot this Sitale, i lavorable determination. Iii pursuing ibis course we
mini me judge or presiding justice shall be fully ; shall avoid the unpleasant necessity ot acting as sole
satisfied that said witness have a due and proper ! judge in our own cause, and collision with thepresent
no want of lands. The removal of the Cheroke.es en
tirely from within our limits, is however an object ot
the greatest interest to the State. Until it is effected,
our population must remain unsettled, our policy iva
vering, and improvements of all kinds, whether they
contribute to the enjoymcnts.ofsocietyorthe advance
ment ot the wealth of the state, unexecuted. We are
assured that the exertions ufthc present administration
of tile General Guuerntneiit will be used to promote
this end, so desirable to tix. The obligations of that
•Jovernmeut's contract with us, to extinguish (he Indi-
' an title to all the lands within our limits, we may now
hope will he complied with in good faith. No one
better understands the indian character, and the na
ture of tile peculiar relations which exist between them
and our government, than the President of the United
slates, it is believed that the efforts of the Govern-
mem, to remove the 6'lierokees, will lie strengthened
by the conviction on the public mind, that the cause of
humanity requires it. hong experience has satisfied
all, except sectional and party zealots, tlmt the Indian
tribes when surrounded by the white man, continue to
disappear, until shut out trom existance The govern
ment proposes to remove all the Indians within the
limits of the state, to an extensive territory, which be
longs to it, beyond the Mississippi, where they can he
protected and aided ill their advancement in civiliza
tion. The humane and intelligent are everywhere
concurring with the views of the Government.
The oppressive system ol Government, which the
cberokeechiefs (principally the educated sonsof white
men) are now enforcing upon the body of the Indians,
must soon satisfy every one of the necessity which will
compel this stnte to put mi end to such ail assumption
ot authority within its territory, so mug as the Indi
ans retained tlxeir original simple habits, peculiar and
strong prejudices, and were without wealth, they
were incapable of discharging the. duties of citizens or
benriug the burdens of Government. The state lias
therefore permitted those within its jurisdiction to
govern themselves according to the customs of their
tribes. This slate ol things however, must cease to
exist, and unless they shall he shortly removed, the
state will owe it to itself to govern them as it does all
others residing within its limits We look forward
wun confidence to the policy which the congress of
the United states will adopt at its next session, us that
will relieve us Iron) the necessity of acting at all upon
this most delicate and difficult subject; lor however
valiumay he our power, und just our claim, if we act
etliciciitly upon this subject (and we ought not to act
mail, unless we do) we shall offend the prejudices ol
a considerable portion ol our country. Permit me,
for these and a variety of other reasons, which will
readily suggest themselves to those who Imve investi
gated this subject, to recommend to the legislature,
the continuance ol iut'orheaniiiee a little longer, upon
the Subject of our Indian territory, and particularly
that part which the state claims to Imve been purchased
ol the creeks, & is now iii possession ol die cherokecs.
ll is Imped that the report which will be made by
c United states commissioner, together wiili the tes
timony obtained by the commissioners ot Georgia,' will
which vveiu considered ami agreed io, M>.. tion from Loudoun D‘strict to supply the vacan-
Ellis, of Mississippi, announced the death ofliis cy c, used by the resignation of Mr. Monroe,
colleague, Mr. Reed, and alter passing » Iriml
some eulogium on ihe deceased, and imperfect
skeich of which we have given; moved that
the Senators wear crape for one month, nttd
that the Senate now adjourn-: both of which
motions were unanimously carried.
Thursday, December 10.
On motion of Mr. Woodbury, the- Senate
proceeded by ballot the election of a'Chairman
of the Committee on Fiitatice; when Mr.
Smith, of Mil. was elected without opposition.
The Senate, after the reference of various
subjects to Committees, adjourned till Monday
next.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Thursday, December 8.
Col. Drayton reported from tho committee
appointed to wait upon the President that they
hail performed the duty assigned them;'and
tlmt he had Mated, in reply, that he should sub
mit a communication to Congress at noon.—
The mossngu of the President was accordingly
presented by bis Private Secretary, Mr. A. J.
Donaldson, and read by .the Cleik, after winch,
upon the motion of Mr. Conner, ten thousand
codies of it, and the documents by which a was
iicciimpanied, were ordered to be printed.
After a resolution introduced by Mr. Tay
lor, respecting the appointment of Chaplains
to Congicss, the House adjourned.
Wednesday, December 9.
Mr. Crockett, of Tennessee, and Mr.
Bartley, ufOiiio, appeared, weie qualified and
rook their seats. Alter some discusion the ap
pointment of tile various Committees was de
ferred until Monday next.
Tuursday, December 10.
The Reverend Reubi it Post was elected
Chaplain. The Resolution ordering the stan-
Tltts 'tribute tii firmness and independence in
the person of General Taylor is peculiarly ap
propriate, amlgratifying to every friend of e-
qu tl rights. Tliere is a moral fitness in the act.
We will not suffer, ourselves to doubt of the ac
ceptance of Genera! Taylor. Such is now
tiie confidence of the western part of Virginia
in the devotion to principle of this gentleman,
that uo man cqu|d be found so likely to induce
the people of the west to accept of a proper
compromise, if such be offered them, as Gen.
Taylor. 'For ourselves, there is but one man
in the Commonwealth whose exclusion has
been viewed wiih more regret than that of G.cn.
Taylor, and we. shall hail his return with the
most lively joy und satisfaction.— Whig.
MR. MADISOJN’S SPEECH.
In the Convention of Virginia on the 2d of
December, on the question of the Basis of
Representation oj the Legislature.
Mi. Madison rose, and addressed the Com
mittee in a speech, of which the following is
the outline and substance :
Although the actual posture of the subject
before the Coinmiteu might admit a full survey
of it, it is uot nty purpose, in rising, to enter
into the wide field of discussion which lias call
ed forth a display of intellectual resources and
v.uied powers ol eloquence, tlmt any country
might ho proud of ; and which I have witness
ed with the higlics gratification. Having been
fur a very long period, withdrawn horn any
participation in proceedings of deliberative bo
dies, iiud under other disqualifications now, of
which 1 am deeply ‘sensible, though perhaps less
sensible than others'may perceive that 1 ought
to be, 1 shall not attempt mote than a lew ob
servations, which may, suggest the views 1 have
upon # ( ,
,\Ve; the uudersigned, viewing so much of the
afo "said act, which passed the House of Repre
sentatives on the lllh day of Dec. 1829,as goes to
repmI the 9tli section of the act passed on the 20th
of December, 1828, ami which provides for the ad-
mixsioti of the testimony of Indians in the several
courts of this State against white men, to be a
me isure bought with dangerous consequences and
calculate I to corrupt the stream of justice at its
fountain head, to prostrate the sacred rights of per
sonal liberty, pcisonul security, and private proper
ty, at too feet of savage ignorance and barbarity.
Therefore, 'as the representatives of an enlight
ened people, we do most, soleinuly enter our pro
test agiiust that pari' oi the aforesaid act, which
aiuli 'r-sestlie admission of India' testimony against
white aien, in any maiinct whalevei, in the several
courts of law in this State.
Signed
taken of the subject, and which will consume
ding Committees nr bn appointed, was taken j bl1 ' b,| f e of the time ol the Committee, now
up and agreed to ; and the House, on motion bocome precious. It is sufficiently obvious that
nf Mr. H. R. Stores, agii.cd to adjourn till Persons and Property are the two great sub-
Monday. The House then, on motion of Mr. j ec,s 0,1 wbicb governments are to act; and that
Polk of Tennessee, resolved itself into Com-I ,he ri « h,s 1,1 persons, and the rights uf proper
mit ee of the whole on the slate of the Union, 1 *>• uro •*»« objects for the protection of which
the United states commissioner, together wiili the tea- and t:rok up tfiif Message of ‘lie President.— government was in tituted. These lights can-
Mr. Polk then moved a series of Resolutions, | ,,oi bL ' wel1 separated. The personal right to
reterr ing the various parts of the Message , 01 uequtre property, which is a natural right, gives
the appropriate Committees. Thu tesouhions ,0 P ro l" - 'wen acquired, tt right to protec
being agreed to, tiie Comroi'tee rose, and re- 1,1un » 1,s a suc, “ 1 rl g 1 "' '•'*» essence of gov-
pjrted Ihe same to the House, when a brief dis- ernment is power ; and power, lodged, as it
mission took place one or twoof the resolutions, musl btJ «• “uinali hands, will ever be liable to
originating piincipalty in the anibiguou*phrase- a * iUSC# monarchies, the interests and hap-
ology of tiie Message on the subject of the Ta- P" u ‘ ss oI h|1 ra ‘'y btJ sacrificed to the caprice and
riff. Some slight modifications were made, , passions of Uespo : In aristocracies, the rights
and the resolutions were then agreed to. The ! 1 "" 1 ' vel,i ’ ro «* ‘be many may be sacrificed to
■ •* ' J ity uf a few : In republics,
that the majority may not
sufficiently resp cl the rights of tho minority.
•i<« uf the obligation of an oath, and that the 9th j administration ot Uie General Government, so ranch I ,i 1 the pride and cupidity
cot,of the act passed on the20thDec. 1828,' .favorable to the rights ot the state, than those lo,,5t "cn .Klju.rmd til Monday, to allow «' U F>
this suhiert he and is herehv reDealcd.” which have immediately preceded it If, however, l me to the Speaker lo select his Lommitioes. 1 ,n ‘ * r , ua "t> er is, in
th ' s "“'’-I 1 , • " 3 . e j r T .‘U „r the Congress oi llie United slates at it. present session , sufficiently resp cl till
Hi rim Warner,
I) lid ,ff. Hums,
Kalii'in Urutly, jun.
Ja .u J. Taylor,
Joseph It'iggins,
Wuhan Howard,
Hut Ion HepUrn,
li, M. Echols,
Thomas D. Johnson,
Rirharil Hailey,
Tnonuis Gilbert,
William Ash,
Samuel Howard,
Stephen Mays,
Levi T. Wellborn,
John li'. Cowart,
Benjamin Hmcell,
Isaac Smith.
McCormick Seal,
Larkin Grijjin,
Wm. P. Lusty,
George li. McElvy.
Congress ol the United slates at its present session
contrary to our expectations, shall refuse or neglect to
pursue such a policy as will uausc the Indians to he re
moved Irom within our limits, longer lortiearunce will
he unjust to our people. It will become our uuty to
exercise the sovereign authority which belongs to the
state, ol governing all who reside within its limits, und
ol appropriating all of our unoccupied und uugrauted
soil.
Term'd me to suggest the propriety of preventing
the immediate publication otitic testimony, col. Wales
informs me, that the witnesses were in great danger
from deposing at all upon the subject ol the disputed
line, and would m ist probably have lost their lives, if
theirteatimony had been made public; that he pro
mised that it should not he published until they left
their country, nil oi them being of the emigrating par
ty. He stales, however, that they were to have left
the agency hetnre this time, ami will most probably he
removed trom danger very shortly. As the testimony
was taken by order of the Legislature, and the commis
sion at an end, 1 did not feel myself at liberty to with
hold it. signed, GEORGE K. GILMER.
The committee on the state of the republic, to
whom was referred that part of the Governor's com
mumration, with the accompanying documents,
relating to the dividing line between the Cherokee
and Creek Indians, made a report, and recommend
ed the adoption of the following resolution;
Resolved, That Georgia possessing a high re-
sp.-i;' for the Chief Magistrate of the Union, and
actual, d by a Jesireto comply with his wishes on
thi- i • casion. will for the present forbear to cause
to he surveyed, and possession taken, of that por
tion of vrri'ory ceded to the United States lor the
use of Georgia, by the Creeks, and now claimed
by the Cherokee*—Reserving to herself the right
of taking possession hereafter, when her interests
require it.
Tuesday, December 15.
On motion, it was agreed to reconsider the jour
nals of yesterday, as respects the rejection of the
bill to alter the 3d, 4lli, and 7th sections of the 1st
article of the Constitution. The Tax bill, after
considerable debate and many amendments, was
rend the third lime and passed. A bill wnspnxsed
to alter the 16th section of theJudiciaryactof 16th
February, 1799.
Wednesday, December 16.
The Penitentiary Bill was passed, yeas 75, nays
51. One section ol the bill provides for the build
ing o r 150 cells. ihe amendments of the Senate
to the Road Bill were concuned in, so the bill was
passed as amended by the Senate.
Thursday, December 17.
A resolution was adopted, the object of which is
to take the sense of the people, at the election in
October next on the expediency of altering the le-
gislav.ve,department of the government,.so as to re
duce the number of senators and representatives.
Virginia Convention.—On Tuesday and; SonM ‘ gentlemen, consulting the purity and gen
Wednusn.iy of last week, ,hu Convention was i ,belr " w " n,mris > without adverting
The following Communication was made to
tho Legisi lure by the Governor:
Executive Departn.ent, 11th Dec. 1829.
I transmit to both branches of the Legislature, a copy
of the Reiair' received from Col. samuel A. Wales
and Charles ' .ales, Esq Commissioners appointed to
take the testimony of Indians and others, upon the sub-
jec* uf the disputed line between the state and the
Cberokee tribe of Indians, together with a copy of
the testimony taken.by them.
It is very gratifying to fihd that the claim of the state,
Which had previously been only supported by the evi
dence ol our owncitizens, derived from conversations
with Ihe Oherokees, and other rather uncertain sour
ces, so strongly confirmed by the testimony of the
Cherokecs themselves.
I likewise lay lieforevou the copy of a letter receiv
ed from Gen. John Coffee, agent appointed by the U.
States’Government to investigate the same subject,
together with the answer addressed him from the Ex
ecutive Department.
Permit me to recommend tothe Legislaturethe most
liberal and forbearing course, in relation to our right
to (he territory in dispute. Delay and tliroongh inves
tigation, will not weaken our title if valid. Represent-
ing as we do. a great eummunity, and having for defen.
it.o 5 rie n ^ : £v b h ; pfi n L. e „d t ® f : c ™rvr^ n
jy birtto avoidtbe very appearance of violating right. , e public Lands, and Mr. Sanford arcso-
The 'm mediate possesion of the diiputeff territory is ,U,I °B for the appointment of a
IN SENATE.
Tuesday, December 8.
Mt. Benton of Missouri, and Mr. Forsyth,
elected a Senator from the State of Ueuigia to
supply the vacancy occasioned by die resigna
tion of Mr. Berrien, appeared and took their
seats. At twelve o’clock the message of the
President was received, und having linen read,
3000 copies of it, together with 1500 copies of
the accompanying documents were, on motion
of Mr. Rowan, oiderej to be printed.
Wednesday, December 9.
The President announced Uie standing Com
mittees, as follows:
On Foreign Relations.—Messrs. Tazewell,
Sunford, While, Bell,and King;
On Finance.—Messrs. Smith of Md, Smith
of S. C. Silsbee, King, and Johnston ;
On Commerce.—Mossis. Woodbury, John
ston, Silsbee, Sunford, and Forsyth;
On Manufactures.—Messrs. Dickerson,
Ruggles, Knight, Seymour, mid Bibb;
On Agriculture.—Messrs. Marks, Wiley,
Noble, McLean, and Seymour ;
On Military Affairs.—Messrs. Benton,
Barnard, Troup, Hendricks, mid Livingston;
On the Militia.—Messrs. Barnard, Tyler,
Clayton, Dudley, and Noble ;
On Naval Affairs,—Messrs. Hayno, Taze
well, Robbins, Woodbury,and Webster;
On Public Lands.—Messrs. Barton,- Liv
ingston, Kane, Ellis, and McKinley;
On Private Land Claims.—Messrs., Bur
nett, Barton, Sprague, Kane, mid Gcundy;
On Indian Affairs.—Messrs."White, Troup,
Hendricks, Dudley, and Beutorr;
On Claims.-—Messrs. Ruggles,.B?JI,..CJtase,
Foot, and McLean;
_ On the Judiciary.—Messrs. Rowan, Mc
Kinley, Webster, Hayne, ami Fruimghussen;
On Post Office and Post Hpads.—Messrs.
B,bb, Burnett, Forsyth, Ellis, and Seymour;
On Pension*.—Messrs. Holmes, Marks,
Foot, Chase, and Chambers ;
On the District of Columbia.—Messrs.
Chambers, Tyler, Holmes, Clayton, and Spra-
sw; .
On Audit and Control the Contingent Fund,
—Messrs. Kane, Iredell, and Kiiigli' ;
On Engrossed Bills.—Messrs. Maiks, Wi
ley, and Grundy.
Mr. Hendricks, submitted the following
resoluntiun', which was considered and ugrecd
to;
Resolved, That a Select Committee, to con
sist of five members, be appointed on the sub
ject of Roads and Canals, with leave to r eport
by bill or othei wise :
The President, then appointed Messrs. Hen
dricks, Tyler, Webster, Dudjey, and Ruggles
to compose the committee.
After the appointment of the standing Com
mittees, Mr. Hendricks submitted a resolution
engaged in discussing the organization of the
Executive Department. The Resolution, be-
lore adopted, against the eli ction oi the Gov
ernor by tile people, was sustained on a second
vote. It was also determined to abolish the
Executive Council; und no pioposilion was of
fered to substitute an advisory council.
The Convention now holds i.s sessions, by
invitation of die House „f Delegates, in the
H-ili of that body, alter the hour ol 12 o’clock.
M.. Manioc is stated tube in very feeble healdi,
■itismg from a severe cold, which had prostra
ted his strength ; Inn it was hoped he would be
aide to resume tho chair on Friday last.
We learn front the Richmond papers
that ihe Convention had been occupied on'
the lOdt and lltlt mstaiii in discussing die
Judiciary Department. On Thursday, lOtli,
die mode of electing the Jiidiciniy wis very
to die lessons of experience, would iiud a si
(.uriiy against tliai danger, iii our social feelings
in a respect loi character; m (lie dictates ot die
monitor witliiu ; in the inteiests' uf individuals
tit the aggregate interests ot die comuiunii).—
But man is known to he a selfish, us well as a
sucal being. Respect for character, diu' ef.
ten a salutaiy irstraint, is but t o often over
ruled by other niunves. W lieu numbers of
meu act inn body, rexpet l lor character isoften
lost, just .n proportion as it is necessary to con
trol what is noi right; We all know that con
science is not a sufficient suteguurd, and be
sides, i hat conscience itself may be deluded,
may be misled b\ an unconscious bias, into acts
winch au enlightened conscience would forbid.
As to tho peimaiietii itileiesl ot individuals iu
the aggregate m.ercsts ol ike community, and
lit die proverbial max.in, that honesty is die
best policy, piesent lempluinm is too often found
to be an overmatch foi those considerations.—
iu particular parts of it* the distinction^ l
tho different parts of the State, resemhi 61 *^!
between the slaveholding and tho * s
holding Stales: and, if wo reject a !x D ' sli *«'
our own State, whilst we claim tho h*"c" 1 ' 1
in our relations to other Slates, other 01-1
consequences may be added to the ch.
consistency, which will be broueh* a * of ' L
If the example of our sister states i,, “ ,l “ l
weight, we find that in Georgia tho v 7*
number is made tho basis of represel,'
both branches of their Legislature
not learn that any dissatisfaction oi 1
ience has flowed from its adoption C °j' ve
we could know more of the manners in
particular organizations of Governmant„
in other parts of the United States Tt!"
would be less danger of being misled iL . "
and we should have the advantage of 11, ' t6f|
perience as well as our own. J n .i le e,r «■
mention, there can, I believe, be no eiJ**
Whether, therefore, we be fixing a T'
representation, for the one blanch, or the
or, ot our Legislature, or for botb.in ar ,,.
naion* with other principles, the federal ”
is a favorite resource with me. It enicJr
to my earliest views of the subject, before k
Convention was assembled ; and though Ik
kept my mind open, have listened to „
proposition which has been advanced, and e
en to them all a candid consideration’ I if
say that ia my judgment, we shall aci’wispfv
preferring it to others, which have been bni.1
before us. Should tho Federal numbert
made to enter into the basis in one branch of iW
Legislature, and not into the other, such an
rangement might prove favorable to the s| a
themselves. It may be, and I tbinklt hash
suggested, that those who have themselves
interest in this species o1 property, arc ant t
sympathise with ike slaves, ntore'tban mav
the case with their masters; and would th' (rE ,j
fore,jbe disposed, when they had hail thessce»l
deucy, to protect them from laws ofenormrej
ive character; whilst the masters, who hav e
common interest with the slaves, against und j
taxation, which musl be paid out of their labor
will be their protectors when they have the J
cendancy. 1
The Convention is now arrived at a p 0 ; ct ,
when we must agree on some common groiioil
all sides relaxing in their opinionsnot chat*!
ing, but mutually surrendering a part ot tj„J
In framing a Constitution, great d.fficultws J
necessarily to be overcome; and imiliiug J
ever overcome them but a spirit of compromise.
Other nations are surprised at nothing >n mud
as our having been able to form Constitutionl
in the mantlet Which lias been exemplified
l his country : Even the union of so many Stim
is, in the eyesof the world a wonder t the by.
monious establishment of a common govern
ment over tin m all, a miracle I cannot but
flatter my sell tliat without a miracle, we shall
bo able to arrange all difficulties. 1 never lure
despaired: notwithstanding all the threatening
appearances vve nave passed through. 1 h«e
now nioro than a hope—a consoling confidence,
that we shall find at last that our labors bits
not been vain.
Zl. ,1 i ; r ?l Co " lmlllf ' u rt.ese lavorable al.r.butex ol tiro human cl,a,,
t i n /T , * t present, arrangement, j HCter nre all valuable, as auxiliaries ; but they
viz a joint (not hallo, bm viva voce) vole wiil not serve as s substitute lor the coerc.ve
" v 'i L ”K» b 'iure. The appointment of L r uv, stuns belonging to government and law.-
Magistrates was not given to the Governor, by Ttlej , wi |, u | wayg iu proportion as they prevail
illlU with the aihnr.r. nt the. Etrnnfr „n ili» ,, * ’ l, 1 ; p <my pi i vail,
he iavuiiible iu a unld odnuiiistiution ot bo li;
ami with the advice of the Senate, on the nom
ination of the comity courts. The resolution
declaring that the commission of the present
judges should cease after the Constitution went
miu operation, was also adopted. .
On the llih, the groat question of the Inde
pendence of tho Judiciary, was fully and. ably
discussed. It came on upon a motion of Mr,
but they can never be relied on us a guaranty
ol the rights of the minority against a majority
disposed to take unjust advantage of its power.
Tito only effectual suieguard to the lights of
he miuoruy must be laid iu such a basis and
structure of the government itself as may afford,
p p n i . ,-i • i motion ol Rl'', in a eei tan, degree, directly or indirectly, a de-
Tta.ta’Sltto a ™'--•■ar-'y to b.l.»ll ol. n.iocui.jhav™*
abolition oi any court shall not remove the
Judge trom office—and after being discussed by
other gentlemen, was finally argued rno and
con, by Mi. Taz a well und Chief Justice Mar
shall. Both of these gentlemen spoke several
times, and with great animation and force —
Finally, the question was carried against Mr.
Barboui’s proposition.
On Mr. Doddridge’s motion, all the Resolu
tions of die Select.. Committees, as amended
by the Commit eo of'tho whole Were ordered-
to be- printed—witlilliejjesrgn of giving a coup
d'tiil vu tv of the whqje.._
;The Convention held their session fur tho
first lime i:t the first Baptist Churcii—which,
being carpotted for thi) jiurposo, and Construct
ed iii u pardcdl.tr manner, seemed sufficiently
well calculated to convey- sound to advantage.
On Saturday tho. 12th inst. the Convention
met at the usual houK ’. A letter was reud trom
Mr. Mouroe, President "of the Convention,
lenderiug in consequence, ( of .indisposition, his
resignation of dial office, mnd as a member of
the body. • Mr. F. P. ..Barbour was unuunously
appointed his succexsbr as President ot die
Convention, and Genaral .iobert B. Taylor, of
Norfolk, was appointed to fill bis vacancy in
the delegation.
Tho House then resolved itself into a Com
mittee of tlm whole, Mr. tiorden in the Chair,
and on the motion of Mr. Taylor, of Chenier- ° nr
field, tho report of die committee on the Bill of
Rights was taken up lor consideration. Sev
eral attachments to the.report, and additional
resolutions wore offered, whichyiroduced iijem;
discussion of a desultory nature. Tho most
.having
rigiu on its side.
To come morn nearly to the subject before
the committee, viz: that peculiar f,anno in
our community, which calls for a peculiar di
vision iu tho basis of our goveinmunt, I moan
the colored part of our population : It is ap
prehended, if die power ofdte commonwealth
shall be in the hnmls of u niujon y win* have
no interest in tuts species of property, that,
from the facility with which it may booppiess-
od by excessive taxation, injustice may be duue
to i s owners. It would seem, therefore, if wo
can incorporate that interest into die basis ol
our system, it will bo the must apposite Hud ef
fectual security that can be devised. Such un
arrangement is recommended to me by many
V* fy important consideration*. It is due to
juslire; due to humanity ; due to truth: to the
sy mpathies of our natutea in fine, to our char
acter hs n people, both ahfoad and nt home,
that-they should be considered, as much as pos
sible, in tho light of Imnttih beings, und not as
property, ■ As such, they are acted upon
by our laws, and have an interest in our laws.
They may. be consideied ns making a part,
though a degraded part, ol'the families to which
they belong.
If they had the complexion of the Serfs in
the North of Europe, oi ol tho villeins former
ly in England, in other terms, if they were of
onr own complexion, much of the difficulty
would he removed. But the mere circumstance
of co nplnxion cannot deprive them of the char
acter of men. The Federal number, as it is
called, is particularly recommended to inten
tion in (arming a basis of lepreseiiiation, by its
interesting topic which came' before the Com-! Sim,) IC,ly ’ ,,s r <' r |aituy, its stability, and its
mittee, was dm proposition of Mr. Taylor to j ,cr ( 1,i,n . t ‘ ,lc y- Other expedients for securing
incorporate in din fifth resolution ofjho Bill of ,b 5 Cil . se «>fji»*aii6n, while they a-
Rights, the act of Assembly relative to the dis
qualifying of State officers who hold commis
sions under the Federal Government. Mr.
Stnnard and Mr. Leigh detailed to the Com
mittee the many inconveniences which would
result from the adoption of this proposition.--
The amendment was finally, negatived.
It will be seen by the readers of the pro
they ..
mount, in pecuniary effect, to the shine thing,
have been tound liable to great objections: and
I do not believe that a majority of this conven
tion is disposed to adopt them, if thev cart find'
a substitute, they can approve, fW is it a
small recommendation of the Federarnumbor
in my view, that it is in conformity to the ra-
lio recognized in the Federal Constitution.—
The cases, it is true,are not precisely tiie same,
hut there is more rtf analogy than bright at first
TU-'mmed.tienon-rionof the dUputeff territory is ,u ' 0 " tor the appointment or a Committee in ceedings of the Convention of Saturday Vhm h 1 , i,°' aDalo gy than might a
comparatively of small importance; our people are in relat.oa to the Coia in circulation, both of, Gen. Taylor has b 8 en ieioc.eUby£de’l^i
From the Recorder.
INDIGO, AND FARMING GENERALLY.
1 have made the experiment I pio|i«eJ
twelve mou hs ago, iu plaining and manufactur
ing Indigo. For (lie satisfaction of Planters
who should be engaged in substituting, at bit
in pail for cottou, other staple cummodities,I
submit tho following remarks on the subject,
with some other f irming reflections, fuumtulio
experience :—1 procured last spring sufficient
Indigo seed to piuin eight acres. 1 numilac
titled lour acres only and had two cuttings,uv
tug tiie balance for seed—I made about 120 iK
Imiigo, like in appeaiHtice, and I presumed
quality, to the Carolina Indigo. We cao make
trom 30 io 50 lbs. to the acre, as vve make bn
500 to 1000 IDs. ot cotlim per acre, soil and
cultivation considered. The quality of our In-
tituo in mis country will never rival or In
brought into competition with that made ii
wanner latitudes. I uni of opinion, that til
quality of the article depends upon such facili
ties as climate ulont can furnish—all ccmrouui-
canons and experiments in the article agree tlul
the mast hasty process, particularly in b
steeping, gives the finest quality—tho time of
steeping depending upon tho temperature ol the
water, air, &c. I cannot flutter myself lid
we shall ever make Bengal Indigo in (An di
malt—I cannot subscribe to the opinion which
is sometimes spoken of, that man's ingtnuil)
can supply an adequate substitute for donate
by tempering tho water with suitable Men,
&e. &c. We must make worse Indigo »tl
take a less price. I shall solid a small box of
my present crop to a Northern market, and by
the ii-luru I get, shall ho governed in plautinj
the ensuing crop.
Upon the subject of planting generally, I
to make one remark, i am satisfied frono fit*
quent late expel intents, as I was years agn, bj
reasoning on the subject, that Furmmsdu no'-
give sufficient distance to ensure the greater!
possible prouuction. In practising on tliflsou-
ject, I have adopted sis a general rule, in
crops, to put just so many Hundred stalls 00
tut acre, as 1 tlunk the land capuble ofbringC
bushels of corn per acre, and 1 am satisfied tMj
this number, though much smaller than u>®
with tiirmers, will he upter to produce the 1 *
mount you plant for, than nny other adtUtu* 1
number of stalks—thus, if you plant for
bushels, plant 2000 stalks only.
Cotton must have such distance, dopem‘%
upon the soil, as will allow the sun and m r '
get to the ground freely between tho rows, t
us to ripen tmd open the bottom bolls-_
I have made tho preseut year, tho foil®*”«
experiments in manuring, &c. I.plant*®
corn, one acreolihird yoar’s land, manureo ft
cotton seed only, ull put on the top ol the,
after planting, and made 58 1-2 (fihv-eight
a half) bushels. I put on the acre 4400 M’ ’
tho seasons weie good and the stalks duu
their ears. I also .planted eight acres j)
land, 25 or 30 years old, and used some I
.yardmanure with Cotton seed—l P™ 1 ^
the acre 3500 stalks, and ga.liced frorn
whole 36 bushels per acre. 1 l ,:ivn
ears of .corn at Mr. McCombs' Tavern, •»
ter county farmers upon, and a sani l"^,„, a y
Indigo may be seen at D'. lVr7/i''m '
Apothecary,. WMS. RUTIlEUF0 liu '
December 6ih, 1829-
An unsocial HonsE.—A Coachman
id was lately kissing Iris favorite h° r
tho animal bit off his under lip ®° d 5
od it.
