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i -j-i i'l I t d i■■Oit I■ I r IH I 111 wl
OLD SERIES, VOL. LA IL
THU CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
IS PUBLISHED DAILY) i Kl-WKEKI.Y, AND WEEKLY,
BY 4. W. W. S. JON CS.
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iMjrotitrir anO Sbrntinrl.
“ AUGUSTA.
MORN I NG, FEBRUARY 3.
• More I.ocofocoisni.
For the information of oar readers, many of
® horn doubtless never see his Excellency’s or
; .n, the Federal Union, wc transfer to our co
nns the following article from the last num
■ jof that paper, by which it appears that the
.host of a Stay law or some other system of
relief’ ‘for the dear people,” still haunts the
dreamy imagination of tjie Governor’s mouth
ece. Times have certainly changed, or some
f the people are most wonderfully fickle. The
gans of the Locofocos but a few years since
scouted the praises of General Jackson to the
skies when he declared, that all who traded on
credit or borrowe I capital ought to break, and
yet still louder when he sought and proclaimed
his intention to destroy all Banks, and the cred
it system—and strange as it may seem these
same organs are now the advocates of Stat' laws.
Relief to the Indebted.
It affords us great satisfaction to notice the
tone of the Globe on this important topic. Every
one knows that widely circulated and powerful
political paper, as me uncompromising cash
doion and cash up organ of the Democratic par
ty. We cannot call to mind a-singie remark of
theirs, giving countenance to the slightest de
viation in their rule, till we read in their paper
of the 13th inst. their first essay, headed Relief to
the Indebted. The comfortable amount paid
them in gold, for the printing they have done for
the Government, has not quite'hid the awful
condition of the suffering debtors of the country.
We have not failed to announce these facts to
our readers,* and had almost despaired of the
Democratic party rallying on their true ground,
lhe interest of the people, till the Globe has made
its appearance in this new field. Too late, by
far, has the true tlag been unfurled by the stan
dard bearer, but late as it is, there remains much
to be done.
We are far from sanctioning all the argu
ments of the Globe on this subject; they arc still
entangled in theory, and driven by irresistible
circumstances to acknowledge the necessity ot
doing something to avert the almost universal
extermination of the debtor class. We contemn
the mincing with which they take up the sub
ject, and declare our opinion, unequivocally
and positively, that unless the Democratic party
proclaim, as a leading object ol their policy, the
enactment of efficient laws for the “ reJifofthe
indebted,” its overthrow will be as signal and
merited, as that of thej=m-skin an I red-pepper
party of 18ft) We*/ nish our friends, that
course is demanded b, policy a.-, well as by hu
manity. It may be a pleasant occupation to
attend constable’s sales to purchase corn at live
cents per bushel, good cows at three dollars, and
sheep al twenty-five cents a piece; but over the
legislative authority which looks idly on such
legalized rubbery and oppression, there stands a
hallowed power’, which will tell them as Crom
well did the Rump Parliament, “stand by and
give way for better men.”
We have not room for their Insertion, but
commend the several essays of the Globe t ■ life
careful examination of our readers. We think
they will lie found conclusive against the at
tempt to reorganize a United States Bank, or
any other reliance but the legislative powers ot
the “several States.” He points to toe valua
tion laws of several of the Stales, and the enact
ment of such laws progressing in others—but
he does not discuss the constitutional difficulties
which so embarrass the Southern States, where
lawyers make, and lawyers create lhe laws.—
Beloretribunals so constituted, if laws give way
itis not to favor poverty or innocence. Against
these, they are a two edged sword in the hands
of fanaticism ; but against the wealthy oy pow
erful, our laws and constitution are as singed
flax or a broken reed.
Our opinion has always been, that it our Le
gislature had any desire to pass laws tor the
“relief of the indebted,” they would have found
the means of accomplishing their wishes. The
clause in the Constitution of the United Stales,
behind which so many have sheltered them
selves to carry out their determined objects and
wishes, has been long enough perverted to such
purposes. More than halt ot the United States
nave tonnd the means of successful rescue to
their citizens on emergencies like the present;
and the Democratic party of Georgia is annihi
lated unless it follows tlieir example. We lor
the present close with the following extract from
the Globe, beginning, it is true, with an il.
“ If there ever were circumstances which
coud justify the introduction of the valuation
condition, in connexion with sales under execu
tion, they exist bow. The improvident legisla
tion of the States have brought about the desti
tution of currency which renders absolute sales
under execution almost a total sacrifice of the
debtops means. He is not only stripped of what
under ordinary circumstances would enable
him to fulfil his obligations, but he is rojibed ui
it under a state of things produced by legisla
tion, that makes all his future earnings a prey
to the exaction which has already taken torn
him more in value than he owes; but which,
selling for little or nothing, renders him through
life subject to the same obligations.”
Congr'essionat Extract.
The following extract, from a late speech of
the Hon. Garrett Davis, ol Kentucky, altho’
severe upon Mr. Webster for his association
and continuance with the President, whose lit
tleness, in every irait which defines a noble
minded, honorable man, was so forciblj’ and
contemptuously expressed by Mr. W. when he
exclaimed—“ Who is John Tyler? He is nothing
more than a moth in that carpet!”—is neverthe
less just. No intelligent man could have occu
pied a position so immediately connected with
the President as Mr. Webster, for so long a pe
lted as he has, without becoming satisfied, be
yond the possibility of a doubt, that Mr. Tyler l
was steeped to the dregs in political corruption,
and when it is known that he continues the as
sociation, the inference is irresistible that the
minister winks at the knavery, if he docs not ad
vise it.
Mr D. said he had once admired Mr Webster
as much as any man ever did. He held him
to be an intellectual giant—an intellectual tiger
and in some departments of human inquiry
greater than any other man the world had seen.
He had, however, noticing of what was usually
called genius; and which was held to be mark
ed especially by the power of invention. His
great attribute was intellectual power. He
< was a vast mine, a world of intellect—and pos
sessed a crucible in which he could analyze any
a nd all creations of the reasoning faculty, and
introduced them at pleasure in new and striking
tl to suit himself .By his long and eminent
in both Houses of Congress, he had
WOll lfor himself a civic crown of value beyond
all ill 1 ' chaplets ever won by the. bloody sword
of ti» conqueror. In closet labor and m the
“ w Sof composition he had no superior ifever
iw had* his vqual—while his speeches, whether
forensic l,r senatorial, were the noblest of the
uresent " But how were the uli o ht y
»Nen'” *’ ai * erected for himself a monu
ment morefc’ ural, ' e l ' iau the Pyramids, and that
was 6mi idv his speeches on the currency and
vu the banW- And yet this same man now
conies to C»ngress with a plan which he ac
knowledges gs his own, and which contained
not a feature that was not condemned ana anni
hilated by his own reasoning.
What had he said at Richmond in 18.36. “un
der an October sun,” in the Capital of old Vir
ginia 1 Was it not that the Executive power
had increased, was increasing, and ought to be
diminished? Yet now this same Daniel Web
ater was among the foremost ofthe advocates ot
Executive power. Yes ami of Executive power
under the Administration ot such a creature as
JohnTvler! He now proclaimed that a Bank
of the United States was obsolete, probably be
cause he found that either his principle-or his
Own case must be obsolete. What had he said
about a Government press 1 That one of the
first duties of a Whig Administration would be
to separate patronage of Government irom the
public press. Yet no sooner was he in office
than he was found chaffering to purchase
uplittte sixpenny presses all oxer the country.
—He had reproached members o Congress tor
their opposition, an t -mi.mi fi> ii.c-, 1 up In to
the support of.'olm I’ylei. When the late Ca
binet was about to be dissolved, who tia.i p< tir
ed more ineffable contempt upon the hcao ol
this same John Tyler.’ Hi- hmgu-tge lad
been, “Who is John I’yler! He is nothu g
more than a moth in that ’ Buch w: s
his estimate of the President s intellect, ar.d it
was a true one. When men contemplated the
vices of the mam they felt a tieive imiigmiipm
rising within them: but when they beheld Uhat
a feeble, pusillanimous, ignoble I .-mg it was at
whom they were enraged, all their resentment
sank at once into eotd contompl. Mr. D. called
on the House to recollect .V! t . Web-ter # pom
pous proclamation tiiat lie would renew the
Englisn’system, and make himself the sole nu
dium of communication with me President;
and that all who were found to have been guilty
of interfering with the purity and freedom ot
elections, should lie removed by lhe Executive.
But how did this square witn Ids speech ;u
Faneuil Hall? How cduld he, a high Officer
of the Government, and his colleague s-pemdr
—bow could them alter tins, go tan on eleetior.-
<e. .ng tours, ami make political speeches io in
fluence a coming election ?
This was in confirmation of wha; ‘had been
advanced by the gentleman from .Massachu
setts, (Mr. Cushing,) that in the great political I
seething-pot the Admiiiistrt.lian would be the
most potential element. Yes. they were to de
cide who should not be (lolilical candiflates lor
lhe Presidency. What a shameless violalion
of his own avowed principle-, was here! Air.
Webster bad done the cause of the Whigs im
portant. taym. Alr, Spencer h;m done them.none:
none; litschardot'-r war, fob'well khbwi'i. Tlie"
man who had been a Clintonian and an anti-
Ulmtonian, a Jackson man and an anii-J.ickson
man, a Mason and an anti-Mason, a Whig and
a Tyler man, could effect but little against or in
favor of any cause., lie jiad convoked a con
vention at Syracuse to denounce the President's
veto, and in'twenty days had unblushing!)! ta
ken office under that very man. Such political
profligacy as this was not to be found in th« an
nals of any government.
Mr. Dav is concluded his speech with the fol
lowing eulugium on Mr. Clay. Mr. Clay, he
said, “nafi com : into Kentucky an orphan boy;
but there he found himself transferred to a new
theatre, where his powers expanded and his
mighty genius soon developed ilsed’. In the ev
er memorable days of iIS, he had impressed up
on that noble and glorious commonwealth, his
own image—the living, breathing image of his
own unmatched genius, his own tree undaunted
soul—and his civil achievements in the service
of bis country would last in fame as long as the
pages of her history should survive the touch of
time. In practical statesmanship, in that orato
ry which perspaded the understanding, and
raised and united men in a great enterprise lor
the public good; he had no superior. In lhe in
tuitive accuracy of apprehension, in acuteness
ot intellect, ftr nigh and noble purpose, in a sys
tem of policy broad as the confederacy, arid
based on ths eternal principles of equity and
public justice where was his equal to be
found? True, lie -was ambitious but he ever
held that characteristic passion of great minds
subject to the dictates of an enlightened pa
triotism, of constitutional liberty and the rights
of the people. His eminent services had
not been confined to his own State; no, nor
the limits of his own country, dearly as he
loved her; they pervaded the world. The rage
of party had long beaten upon his "head but
he had conquered the confidence of his bitter
est opposers till none were found who would
not acknowledge his honesty and uprightness
of purpose. He might or might not reach the
Presidency, but he would ever occupy a summit
in his country’s glory covered all over with
hues of living’light, and would trasmitto future
times an immortal name, without fear and with
out reproach. He was the Whig's great leader
—the living representative, embodiment, and
impersonation of their cause. Under him they
hoped to conquer; but if they must fall; their
enemies would fine theirbouies with theirbacks
to the field and their faces tothefoe.”
New Yons Money MsitKHT— WeßxT.xntNii
Jan 28.— We are still unable to remmiennv im
provement in the general aspect ot business.. Ou
the contraiy the present week has been perhaps
more dull amongflthe mercantile community
than any preceding, and there are no indications
of any immediate revival. •
Among the manufactpimg interests especial
ly there isa great depression, and the continued
low price of the agricultural products of the
country will prevent any material \increase in
the purchase of meridtan-'lize fortltc coming sea
son. The stocks of goods throughout ate limit
ed, and something will be requited for the cur
rent consumption, but we apprehend that it will |
be i-oiihue.i to articles absolutely necessary, and
those denominated luxuries will be suffered to
remain in the possession of their original im
porters or owners.
Mt. WrssTKa ixn Ma. < —Extract ol a
private letter trom Washington City“lt is re
ported here, in political circles, that a very
sharp correspondence took place between
Mr. Webster and Governor Gass, during
the visit of the latter fii this city. The subject
was jlie Quintuple Treaty, andzhe provision ol
the Washington Treaty in reference to the
maintenance of a squadron on lite coast of Afri
ca. ft is said that Gov. Cass took oi-i-asion, in
the course of one of his letters, to refer, in a very
personal and even offensive wav. to the course
of Mr. Webster during the last war.'- --7?cZ/b-.-./>re
Patriot..
The Army and Navy Chronicle say-:
It is rumored that Commodore Dallas will suc
ceed Commodore Jones in command ol the Pa
cific squadron, the latter having been recalled.
It is also ruradred that Captain 1-’. A. Parker
will have the command of lhe East India squad
ron, of which the frigate Brandywine will be
the flag ship.
Lieutenant A. E. Downes has been appointed
u the command ofthe U. S. sehr. Grampus.
srJpThe Richmond Whig of Monday sat - :■
Tiie high wind and <;.y atmosphere ot Tuesday
last led to various cases of destructive tires.—
The fine residence ot' Air. Randolph Harrison,
at Elk Hill, in Goochland, and the residences
of Major Lightfoot, Mrs. Rossou, Air.-. Thomp
son, the Bell Tavern, and a house o! Mr. l-’ick
lin, al Culpepper Court House, were destroyed. I
Br'.Airtrn. Result or Galvanism.—We wit- I
nessed yesterday a very interesting experiment
made by Mr. S. N. Borsronn, to wit, Gildingby
galvanic action. The process occupied some
10 or 1"> minutes, in which time ibursilver pen
cil cases were made to wear lhe ajipearance of
rich gold ones, so much so thatthey were pro
tiouuee.l io be gold by many to whom they were
shown.
The magneto-electric action upon gold held
in solution imparls to the less valuable metals
the richness tail lustre of the dearer ones, and it
will be necessary tor purchasers ticrealter to lie
outheirguard againste-miiii rteits.orimpositions,
ot gilde.i silver tor sol i g.l i. Vv c have heard
already ofthe experienced lieing unable to dis
cover the gilded from the solid article.— .\orfoU;
11 'aeon.
A bill lias been reported in the Kentucky le
gislature, to establish a State Bank, to be loca
ted at Frankfort, witii nine branches in oilier
parts of the State; the capital nut to exceed five
millions, and to be owned exclusively by the
Commonwealth.
On the subject of appointments, Gov. Bouck
I is said to have adopted two rules al which Tam
nvmy and the Pewter Mag are fiercely indig
nant—that he will appoint no man of doubtful
character and no man with a reii note. Was
ever more o lions proscription heard of!—-V. Y.
Anu ricun.
Tomb ot- N xr-.ii.nox.—A model ofthe tomb
<d’Napoleon is exposed at tiie Indiitis. An e
questrian statue 0:1!;.- Emperor is to be placed
in the midilli of th- g.cat m.urt, and the pedes
tal M ill represent the arrival of his ashes at
the place where they now lie. The entrani c of
the crypt, destined to receive the I’.mperoi s mor
tal remains, will be ornamented withati altar on
spiral columns. The present grant altarand
its rich canopy will be removed toadiui, of this
arrangement
A letter received al New York, dated Mon
tevideo, Not. 25, 1642, -ays:—“The brig Na
bob. ot Salem, H. S.Noble, master, from Cadiz,
with a cargo of <;;lt and twenty pipes ot wine,
bound for tliis port, grounded on the English
Bank on the Ifith in-: at 3 A. M and became a
complete wreck. A tew articles were saved by
launches sent down from this place, but not
enough, it is feared, to ni.-> I tlieeiiiergen.-y. The
vessel and careo inav le con-i -ered a total loss.
Much credit -'u<- 'Olll. W1!-on.au. 1 oiiivers
of V. S. sehu >n- . l i.iet pri-e. for their exertions
to reach the « : - having had a head wind to
contend with. Uli t ! . ratrivt l i.eai the «■' ek.
they found in i without Ixi.'t- an t iti’i <-f -v: 'er.
Th'ev u -k i ti'the capiait. aini !.' .• v h. are
indebted t -these ; 1... -.■woTin i-tficcr tor ’.lie
satety of their tiv<-
SATI.RDA'I ;,iOKNIAG, FEBRUARY 4.
'4as-.mii Halt.—Exiiloition.
Tl.e interest felt in thisexliibitidn, which had
been heightened by lhe spirited discussion in the
papers of Charleston, as to whether the MER
MAID was the work or ait or a prodigy of na
ture, induced 11s to call at lite roust immediate
ly alter the exhibition was opened, to examine
this extraordinary production. It is proper we
should premise, that we pretend not to any
profie.ency, or even extun-ive acquirements
as a naturalist, —and shall give no opinion,
as such, bu simply coniine our remarks to
the exterior appearance ol the animal, and the
chat ;e that i. made up ofthe skin of afish an.l
monkey united, upon which we could determine
alone by the senses of sight and touch.
Alter a most careful examination pl it un
der the glass by u hich il is covered, and by
the way, we deem it proper to remark, tiiat
the gla-s shade seems not 10 interpose any ob
struction to the sight; we called again at a la
ter period of the day. and were permitted to
take it out, and examine it carefully in a guild
light, in every possible position that our mind
suggested, and we not only frankly confess our
inability to discover any .ream or union between
the two diflereiit'i'lasses of skin, but tiiat it ay
peured tooin-sdgfrt-and weeltSb
the same skin, changed only in its character—
tiiat from the middle forward, being very thinly
covered with hair, anffencficlingaii animal not
unlike the monkey tribe, find the.other extremi
ty- resemMing a fish in every particular. It,
therefore, the animal be not a prodigy of nature,
we were whoty finable to detect the finger of the
artist.
Indiana Senator.—The National Intelligen
cer of the 31st ult. says: The news from the
seat of Government of Indiana is that Edward
A Hanegan (formerly a Representative in Con
gress) Ims been elected a -Senator of the United
Slates for six- years from the Ith of March next,
to succeed Hon. O. H. Smith, whose termol
service then expires.
This rather une*xpcctt‘d result was brought a.
bout, as we hear, by the treachery of one of the
members of the Legislature elected as a Whig,
the Senator elect being of the Jackson school of
politics. Be that as it may, the State cannot
blithe the sufferer, in almost even-way, by los
ing the services of so faithful, able, and influ
ential a representative as the Senator who now
fills the sent to which a successor has thus been
chosen.
The proprietors ofthe Canard .steamers liave
the fare f;orn Boston to Liverpool, to
one hundred and twenty dollars.
Missorni.-—Thereliel bill which originated
in the Senate has parsed the House by a vote of
71 to 13. It ft now a laxv, and its effect will be
to suspend the collection of debts for a year.
The House had previously passed a bill author
ising appeals from decisions of justices without
requiring affidavits trom defendants, which ren
ders the operation ofthe siop-law complete.
More disturbances have broken out among
the woikmen on the Lachine canal. Gt’nadg.
Lieven hundred have struck for wages.
Prom the N. O. Ute qf' IheTith.
i’roui Tixan.
By tW steamship New York, UapL Wright,
arrived yesterdaj- in 3tl hours irom Galveston,
we nave- receive.i dates to the 2ltli.
The only news from the army u ioch the pa
pers contain, is the account ol Colonel Fish
er’s sufrenaer, v.liich Capi. Auld hamled on
board the New York in the Gullonhei oulwani
passage.
The Texian Congress adjourn-d on Monday,
the liith. A bill had been passed providing fin
the frontier defence.
It is the general impression that Texa> will
probably be invaded in the spring, and a writer
say?, they are pr paring to hold a “mass meet
ing” on the occa ion.
Doctor Hill mis been appointed Secretary of
AV.u and Marine.
The Ibtloa ipg foreign appointments have al
so been made by the President and confirmed b e
lhe Senate:
Charles H. Raymond, Secretary ol Legation
to lhe U. States.
Lachlan Mclntosh Rate, Consul General lor
Gieat Britain.
Francis B. Ogden, Consul tor Liverpool.
Alfred Fox, Consul tor Falmouth.
John Graham Stewart, Consul tor Glasgow.
John Roxburgh. Consul for Greenock.
Thomas Were Fox. Consul for Plymouth.
John Atkinson. Consul tor Kingstdn-upon
flttll.
The total amount of revenue irom custom,s
for rhe three quarters ending Oct. 31. was $102,-
Ofiß; expense of eolle<-iingsls,lßl.
Every indication, says the Civilian, favors
the idea that the amount for the coming year
will be greater; and as the appropriations pro
mise to beeven less than the amount, expecte.i
to be collected under the tariff alone, there will
be a surplus to the amount of the direct taxes,
, and there seems to be a fair prospect that the
country will be in a situation to begin to pay its
oldc.cbts, and thus re-establish the standing fin
integrity. which, bj prodigality and want ol'
management, ratherohan a disposition to disre
gard its obligations, it was forced to impair by a
tailure to meet the demand of its creditors.
A bill passed Congress repealing the duty on
sugar, coffer, and steel.
T. J. Rusk has been appointed Maj. General
of lhe militia.
The intelligence of the surrender of the Tex
ian lorees at Mi»r; so tar from damping 'he
zeal of tie? people, had inflamed a military ar
dor which promised the speedy organization of
a sufficient force to cross the Rio Grande, with
every prospect of success. The troops who re
turned irom the army after the capture of La
redo, had evinced a willingness to enlist lor an
other campaign; and the Galveston papers ex
press the belief that between two and three thou
sand men could be readily equipped tomarch
upon Matamoras.
President Houston had exerted every means in
his power to thwart the action of Congress, and
the Republic was experiencing the bitter fruits
of electing a man to the Chief Magistracy, who
had abandoned himself to the suggestion of a
fickle mind and a malicious heart.
The New York correspondent of the United
States Gazette says, under date of January 29th,'
thr.l most ofthe specie brought out irom England
by the C'/-.'cw .-. said to amount to SBOO,OOO,
lias re. :he i New Yu.k, a considerable pot:i, 11
of it being for investment.
The whole balance of the United States six
percent loan having been taken, the authority
given to the South Western Rail Road Bank to
receive deposits to the credit ofthe Treasurer of
the U. S. on account of that loan, is at an end.
U. S. Lo in.—The balance ofthe United States
six percent loan has been taken by the New York
capitalists.
Am. Kinds of Lt-cx.—A Western editor
says, many ofthe folks in that region have seen
all kinds of luck within twelve months. Many
who, a year since, were rolling in wealth, are
bowed down to the irresistible majesty of the
law, and see fine houses, tine carriages, fine
furniture, broad lands, and all lhe insignia of
wealth pass from their possession, and have
now to begin afresh the journey ol money-get
ting. Some have met their sad late with cour
ageous hearts and smiling faces, and some have
moped about in sackcloth —the very images of
despair and ruin. But it is lielieved that much
“better times” are in store for “all hands and
that prosperity will again reign throughout the
land.
Snip Ct.AVDii s.—Ti e ship Claudius. Capt.
Seobie, previously reported as ashore on Stone,
has since bilged, and will be lost. About 160
bags of coffee has hern, saved in a damaged
state, and | I. - eri on board of smacks, destined
fur this city about forty bags of coffee, being
the balance > : the cargo, was lost by the swamp
ing ol the tong boat in passing irom the ship to
oi,e ot the smack-': a small portion of the sails
;:nd lir’ging Mill ab-1 le sated. Cap! S . and
ctiv. airived in this city yesterday afternoon,
I Living abandoned the -hip. after usin?every
I exertion to net het off— Chau, ton CuuC. r.
Augusta, ga. Thursday ximwing, February 9, 1843.
Prom the iiacimndh HepubUcan.
The Oi.set.—The Rival Candidates.
It is probable that every passing month will
add new det elopements to the differences be
tween Messis. Vanßurcnand Calhoun. How
far a National Convention will adjust thesedif
feiences, remains to be seen ; but to us it is- ob
vious that tliey will go on widening indefinite
ly. The oligarchy, at the head of which stands
Mr. Calhoun, has no sympathy with lhe mana
gers and wpe-pullets tit Tammany Hall, while
these last accusi-nneit to the sinuosities, the pre
varication, the dexterous shilling t.nd double
dealing p; the Albany Regeflcy School, grasp
forever at power, its privileges and emoluments,
and canm.t comprehend, much k-.-s respect lhe
bold, denunciatory, straight lor ward dealing of
the Nullifier. Mr. Butler, and a host of Van
Buren s olliee-liolders, who expect a restoration
to ttiat Elysium of fatness, from which they are
iaAv excluded, are hard at work for tlieir mas
ter, and tj' a letter v titer at New York, wliooc
casionally furnishes a half column to the Aler
evru, may lie credited, it is only necessaty lor a
man to declare himseU a Calhoun man, to be
denounced by this clique.
The .W rrury is descanting upon the beauties
of the one term principle, recommended So high
ly, mil introduced by the Magnus Casar, Gener
al Jackson. It is amusing by the way, the reli
gious respect which is paid by Locofix-oism to
an opinion of the General, which he did not
choose to enforce by his own example. Most
sturdily too, does the .If-'mr/'y inveign against a
packed Cont ention appointed by lhe General
Ticket System—as calculated to stipeisecie lhe
P ■ -: - ■ - * ' : - .M'jfci-.1-
lure the trainingsofpany management for the
unbiassed suffrage of the people. To impress
upon the “Dcnto. racy'' the importance ot this
fact, appeals to lie the object ot a pamphlet pub
lished at Washington on the principles of aNa
tional Convention, entitled “An appeal to the
Democracy.”
The pamphlet is obviously of Calhoun ori
gin. “The Convention (says this paper) will
make a President and Vice President ofthe U.
States. Hence the free, equal, and popular
spirit of the Constitution must be maintained,
though its letter l>e superseded.” Secondly,
says Appear'— by which wc .suppose is
meant that the Van Buren method of a Conven
tion of partisans and politicians, who grasp at
the offices must be avoided. The idea of a
Convention is often deprecated, and the follow
ing language is quoted as instructive:—“The
power of a national convention, in uniting the
Democratic party on the election of a President,
has never yet been tried. There never, in past
conventions, has been any difference as .to the
President ;.and so far, therefore, as this office is
concerned,, there has never been any necessity
for calling a con vention. This method of nomi
nation originated preparatory’ to General Jack
son’s second term, when Mr. Van Buren and
Mr. Wilkins, of Pennsylvania, were the most*
prominent candidates for the Vice Presidency,”
&c. And further on—“For the first time now,
since the system has been resorted to, lias there
been any difference in the Democratic party, as
to the President ofthe United States. The Dem
ocratic party is clearly in the ascendant in the
United State.-; and ifthey act in harmony with
each other, and fairly and faithful]}’ cany out
their principles, the day is far distant, when
tliey will feel the disaster of another overthrow
like that of 1841). But there can be no cordial
co-operation without confidence; and there can
be no confidence, ‘without a spirit of candor,
forbearance, and equity in all their dealings.
Suspicions, jealousies, rivalries, and even per
sonal animosities, among leaders, will proba
bly al waysexist in every party. These baleful
principles, will be ever too wakeful to seize on
even the appearance of evil,’to make it evil—
to sow dissensions, exasperate prejudices, and
in eveiy waV, to make individuals the party, or
the party subordinate to
We make another extract to show the justice
of a party who came into power in 1828, with
loud professions of reform and retrenchment,
who neatly tripled the expenses of Government,
and who now abuse the Whigs who are not in
power, lor nut carrying out their promises of te
ibriu. In order to show the justice of the ceu
soie. we oust first extract tile following, which
« .• place in juxtaposition to the remaiks about
the reform ofthe Federal party. In tile fit.st par
agraph, the- |',osition of the AVhigs and of a “re
forming Congress” and the Executive are defin
ed—and the second will explain itself to the en
tile satisfaction of any one who knows tlie shifts
tißii fetches, and shameful verbiage and rant,
with which leeofiicoism commends itself to the
people.
“Let it not be supposed, that the selection of
the individual fit to be lhe Chief Magistrate of
this great Republic- is an easy matter. Il is vain
to hope lor any reformation in the General Gov
ernment, but by the conjunction of two circum
stances —a reforming Congress, and a reform
ing Executive. If the Executive lie not exact,
energetic, and honest in the administration oi'
lhe Government, Congress will in vain legis
late. By mere administration, probably one
fifth of alt our expenditures can lie saved. To
make accountability rigidly account, and re
sponsibility stand up with clean hands before
the people, in the vast disbursements of suclt a
Government as ours, requires not only a spirit
to rebuke and suppress abuses, but the bold tact
and industry to find them in their foul hiding
places, and., with a whip of ten-fold cords, to
scourge them from the dark recesses of the Gov
ernment. An easy facility, which hates to of
fend—an indolence, which shrinks from a task
which might appal a Hercules—a corruption,
which looks to olficezas a reward for partisan
services, and therefore, wink's at the accumula
tion of Government retainers, and the miscon
duct or plunder of party coadjutors,—will not
do. The times require a man for our Chief
Magistrate, not only pure himself, but to make
others pure—not only of good intentions, but of
resolute will—not only of correct, fixed general
principles and per-onal firmness, but, like a
great leader 011 a battle field, capable of breath
ing I: is own high spirit into all whom he may
call to aid in the great work of redeeming the
country trom the wretched political quackery
and teeming abuses, which long years of laise
legislation has engendered. The people have
demanded reform. The Whigs promised it.—
Tliey have not redeemed their promises, and
they have been rejected by the people with
scorn. The Democrats promise it. Theymust
fulfil their jnomises, or a fine equally ignomin
ous awaits them.
The Federal party catu. it be a reform party.
Their principle of Government intervention in
every thing, is essentially corrupt, and fatal to
all purity in administration, or even the exist
ence of a republican form ot government. The
Democratic party alone can be a reform ] arty ;
and when they ]>rotess economy, retrenchment,
low and just taxes, and a strict adherence to lhe
Constitution, they profess to do only what all
their policy and principles require. Not to re
form, is hardly a disgrace to Federalism. The
only disgrace is, in attempting the paltry impos
ture, the impudent Charlatanism of deceiving
the people, by professions which can only be
fulfilled, by abandoning all their principles.
But when the Democratic, party, with contrary
principles, carry out the practices of Federal
ists—when they fail to insure to the people a re
stricted, frugal, and honest administration of
the Government—they are traitors indeed; trai- }
tors to all their principles and to the people. ;
And to whom shall the people then turn for sal- I
vation ’ They will have tried both parties; and i
both parties fi iling them, they may give up
hopelessly to the resistless tide of corruption
which sweeps the Government over the cata
ract.”
Sovthesn Trade.—We are happy to learn
from our largest houses, connected with supply
ing the Southern trade, tiiat the engagements of
the Southern merchants were never more
promptly met than they have been this winter.
The rates of exchange, never approximated
more nearly to par than now, witii the exception
of the State of Alabama.— Jmimolof Com.
Great frauds have just been discovered in the
Canadian custom-houses. 11 is asserted that
three quarters of the revenue has never reached
the Government. One collector returned less
revenue for one quarterthan was known to have
been received in a single importation, within
the knowledge of the inspector.
Rhode Ishnd.—The ticket for State officers
made up by the friends ofthe legal Constitution
in this State is as follows: For Governor, Jas-
Fenner, of Providence; Lieut. Governor, By
ron Diman. of Bristol; Sesretary of State.
Henry Bowen, of Providence; Attorney Gene
ral. Joseph M. Blake, of Bristol; General Trea
surer, Stephen Cahoone, of Newport.
Gen. Fenner and Mr. Cahoone are Van Bu
ren men; the others Whigs.
The Dot rparty Convention assembles Feb
ruary Bth. It tvill probably nominate a full
ticket, though we hear that its leaders, believing
tliey have little chance of success, will waive a
General Ticket, and make a rush only for the
Legislature, hoping thereby to lull the friends
of Law and Orderto sleep. We trust they can
not succeed either way. They openly avow
that tliey have registered and will vole undet the
legal Constitution, only to overturn it and es
tablish that of Dorr.— Trilnue.
It is sa'dthatan act in favor of the heirs of
Robert Fulton is about to pass Imth houses of
Congress-this present session. Better late than
never —something should also be done and speed
i v with reference tothe French spoliations —.V.
Y Com. Aar
MONDAY MORNING, 6.
Yih .ini a .Sm ili. Notus act hits been
passed by the Virginia LegSEttltie extending
the provisions of the act banks
of that State to issue s;ualfe;qc>te-. The act
provides for the several baifliSjhi'is'Uf Holes us
the denomination of one anaHSwAdOllais to an
amount not exceeding upon their
respective capitals, which II be paya-
ble in specie, on demand. anjJ be signed by
the President and Cashier, Si any other otli'-er
orotfieers ol said banks, dcwgnaiihil for the pur
pose by the Board of Direcmp.
Another Fire.—Aboui F. 41 jpist 11 o’clock
last night, a lire bruke;outjij|yoption shed and
pickery situated on the tn:n®sd^tloyal and Con
gress streets, which was <q«Bfliiii< u in a few
minutes, together witltsofli®33'oafes ol cotton.
The building was owned* bF fehnathan Hunt,
Esq., t.nd occupied by uho
rented it on Saturday. TMjy lite third time
this gentleman has been butJhdiUiit within two
weeks. It is very evident ihtd the authoi ol
this is incidental with the olMipatorol the pre
vious conflagrations.— rail td'tJie. 31s?
from various quarters in is to file effect
tiiat a continual pressure and depression is going
on—that pecun ia ry embarrassment weighs more
heavily; that hard times are felt with more rigor
constantly— andrclicf seems farthei ofltlian ever.
Suits, sales, sheriff’s, and suspei.siinsare the or
der of the day.”
Spirited Leoisi.ation.—A sh»rl lime since,
Mr. Johnston, while a bill to qxempt certain
property from execution was pending in lhe In
diana legislature, offered an atwndraent there
to, providing tiiat families who kept no rmr
should be allowed to retain in lieu thereof a bar
rel if whiskey !
Af.t. in the Family.—Governor Bouck, of N.
York has made quite asnugfamijy arrangement.
—His Private Secretary ishisown son, his Mil
itary Secretary is his own son, the Adj utaut Gen
eral is his son-in-law, and his Messenger is his
nephew. Pretty lair for one family.
The Mansion House, a hotel in Warsaw,
(Ky.) was entirely consumed by fire a short
time since. .
OtTSTiNDiNO Treasury Notes. —The en
tire amount of outstanding Treasury notes on
the Ist of February, according to the report ren
dered, is $11.731,327 69.
A Gleam of Sunshine!
It gives us much satisfaction to place before
eur readers the filllowing paragraphs, which we
find in the iVetr York Anierica.i, a paper usually
not sanguine in its anticipations of commercial
prosperity, norover-confiding in matters of fi
nance :
New York, January 30— Erwning.
Better Times.—We have, touched Boston,
as tliey say in Wall street. Our prospects
brighten—the public mind seems more cheerful,
stocks are looking up, and the late sales nt real
estate are a shade better. The bankers admit
thatthcre is more specie in the United States at
the present moment than there ever was before
at any time, and the quantity of produce here “in
transitu,” and preparing tin- market is arionnotis,
notwithstanding a great exhibition during the.
last three months.
The elements of prosperity, then, we have in
abundance. All that is wanted is
confidence,” and this will sooti come if Govern
ment will only let us alone, and not destroy, by
bad legislation, the natural resultof out enter
prise and industry. Tlienlet us adopt the c.heer
iug motto /a .Xi itrsiA—gi. liek.T. inni m
work, resolve to act jttstlv, and ‘rc-pidbitr ri ev
dialion, public and private'.- The sun of-pros
perity will again hurst forth and cheer the heart,
and impart comfort and content to alt, and dis
pel the gloom tiiat has so long depressed our en
ergies and exertions.
The Cabinet.—The Philadelphia Times has
a letter from Washington, staling tiiat “soon
after the 4th of March, Mr. Webster wilt re
sign, and be sent to England. Mr. Everett, our
present minister there, will take lhe place now
vacant in France. Mr. .Forward will retire,
and will receive a Judgesfop from the bauds of
the dominant party in Pennsylvania. The rest
of the Cabinet will remain, 1 think, in their pie
sent places. Gen. Cass -will receive the ap
j ointment of Secretary of State, and Mr. Cush
ing will preside over the T’reasury Department.”
Destructive Fire.
About 12 o’clock last night a fire broke out in
the fourth story ofthe store No. 28, Broad street,
corner of Exchange Plate. ’The building was
occupied on the first story hy George Bird, agent
tbrtlie Belleville (N. J ) Print-works, who had a
largequantity of cotton goods on the [itemises,
which were mostly, however, saved before the
tire had communicated to his part ol' the premi
ses. He was insured for $22,50ti, ol' which
SIO,OOO was in an office out of die city.
The second story was occupied by Baxter &
Brothers, grate manufacturers, ami John Mel
and P. Newman. Tlie upper stories were used
lor the [impose of storing cotton, of which
there were trom 300 tosoo bales on the premis
es, which was all destroyed witii the exception
of what is now lying in the street, a mass of
mere rubbish. This cotton belonged to Mr.
Mel. and was insured, wc understand, for the
full value. In tlie basement was stored a quan
tity of wine, which was all saved with the ex
ception of about 30 casks, insured. The build
ing is entirely destroyed. It belonged to the es
tate of Jacob Lorillard, and was insured for
S3OOO. We understand that all the goods des
troyed on the premises were insured, with the
exception of some implements belonging to one
of the city weighers, Mr. Leary, we believe.
The total amount of the. loss, including the
building, is probably about $50,000.—N York
Com. Adv.
Prom the National Intelligencer.
“It is idle to deny it; but the mad scheme of
Mr. W. Cost Johnson is gaining ground among
the Whigs, and threatens to become a Whig
measure!”
So says the Richmond Enquirer, apropos to a
meeting lately held at Wheeling, in Virginia,
for the discussion of tli<_ measure referred to,
which was attended by “Democrats” ns well as
Whigs.
The antipathy oi the Enquirer to any legisla
tion l y Congress in the nature of relief to
the States or the People blinds it to the fact that
the proposition to which it refers is most warm
ly supported by numbers of tlie firmest and real
ly most substantial “Democrats” in the Union.
We refer now particularly to those of the State
of Pennsylvania. It was but the other day that
so leading and influential a member oi' that
party as Gen. Keim presented in the House of
Representatives a memorial signed by (we are
informed) many hundreds of his most respecta
ble constituents, strongly urging upon Congress
the proposed measure. The Whigs, on the oth
er hand, have made nowhere such a demonstra
tion in its favor, and, so far as their opinion is
to be inferred f rom their action (as in the case of
the late report adverse to the project by the Com
mittee of Ways and Means ofthe House of
Representatives) they are decidedly opposed to
it.
Our readers must not be surprised, however,
if in the end the Richmond Enquirer itself is
driven to thesupnort of the measure by the ir
resistible force of public opinion, such hold does
it seem to take of the minds pf men, without
distinction of party, in all directions The ga
thering flood of opinion in its favor seems to
threaten a deluge which will overflow and ob
literate, quoad hoc, all the landmarks of party.
From what we can observe, however, the Whigs
are undoubtedly more backward than their op
ponents in enlistingin its favor.
One objection which the Enquirer takes to the
proposition of Mr. Johnson (its alleged ttneon
stitntionality) is inour opinion destitute even
of plausibility. The Enquirer might as well
undertake to deny the constitutionality of the
Land Distribution Act passed I>v this Congress
or that of the Surplus Dirtributi. n Act of Gen.
Jackson’s Administration.
But we think we understand tlie Enquirer.
Its Editor, being an old tactician, is raising his
old cry of “Whig! Whig!” to scare back into
their fold his own flock, who have gone astray
after this captivating scheme. Whether tliey
will heed him ornot. weeannot say. But. we
should think, that, like the neighbors of the
shepherd in the fable, who had learned to disre
gard his repeated false alarms ot “Woll! Wolt!'
the Democrats of Virginia have by this time
become so used to this cry of his, that, when
they hear it on this occasion, they will take it
for a repetition ofthe old trick, and go theiro vn
way notwithstanding.
Retlei indie soldo •
LETTER VIII.
From the ll.m. v> .o. v'osi Johnson Ji) < 'ol.
Cha u.i:s i.' ■.iiitoi.i., ofMaiyfenu.
Hall or Representatives, (
Washington, Jan. 21, 1843. j
Dear Sir—Tlie peopi.: olien suiter as much
from the non use of a power by their agents as
Irom its abuse. Ihe one is as much to be de
precated as lhe other. We are now feeling tlie
effects of birth; and lhe sufferings oi the people
will increase until they force their public agents
to use the abundant powers and vast resources
of relief implanted in the Constitution to be used
as emergencies and necessities may require.—
What would have been the condition ofthe U
nited States alter the war ofthe revolution if Con
gress had not used tlie powers delegated to it in
the Constitution! The nation at that period
had a vast public debt, the States were also
greatly indebted; and I ask again, what would
have been the condition both ofthe General
Government and the States, if Congress had re
fused to exercise the revenue powers of tlie
Constitution? Would Free Trade (that non
descript) liave paid tlieir debts, or relieved the
people from direct taxation, or have enabled
them better to pay their direct taxes? Had no
Custom-houses tieenestablished, had no impost
duties been levied, we would have had the form
and sliadow of a free nation; but England would
have drained the substance of our wealth as co
piously after as before tlie war.
England levies no direct taxes upon tier colo
nies, (or rarely is it done;) hut by indirect ta res
tliey give more than four-fifths of their protiuct
ive wAslth .to the support of the mother country.
LAJAIcii .jep’.'.':'■
}eeh co 1 oniesflmti’ it'' WffJjed <
sisted tlieir independence.—She desired to pro
duce that they snould be forced to consume; and
of all that they consumed at least four-fifths
went into tlie national treasury at home after sup
porting her farmers and mechanics. And those
gentlemen who would recommend a policy for
this Government which would destroy the sys
tem of impostduties upon the ground that those
who purchase a foreign fabric have to pay a
modicum of their wealth to the support of our
own Government, are animated by a spirit of as
little patriotism as wisdom. Can they be aware
that it they effect their Wishes, they not onty
force direct taxation on the farmer, low wages
on tlie mechanic, but at last, in order to save a
small per ccntage to the purchasers of foreign
goods, which should go into the national treas
ury to support the Government which protects
him, he is giving fourfifihs ofthe amount which
he purchases to a government which may war
upon his rights and his liberties. How is this,
“ it may be asked.
All the governments of Europe avoid as
much as possible direct taxation upon their
jieople, and it is only the worst governments in
tlie world, and the most tyrannical that resort to
it, as 1 will hereafter show. It often occurs that
in in some of the governments in Europe, the
impost duties are very small, small enough to
please a theoretical free trade politician. But
it must be remembered that those governments
levy heavy excise duties often on the same ar
ticles. So that at last the consumer pays a
large amount to the government on the foreign
article which he purchases, and in addition to
•which those governments lay a heavy excise’
Upon the productions of their own country, —
This is the nolicy ot England, and what is the
result? 1 will quote an able American ■uriter,
who says:
“ It is generally alledged that a man pays 15
shillings for the use of government out of every
20 shillings that he spends in England. Sonic
have stated the public tax as sei cnlecn shillings
in the pound. Let us take one instance, in tire
article of beer: The land [lays a tax, tlie bar
ley which grows on it, when malted, pays an
excise of sixpence by lhe liushi I. Hops pay
one penny by the ixiund. Th* beer, when
brewed, pays an excise greater, in some cases,
than the original value. All the persons who
labor in the premises cunuibutc to the national
revenue, bv their sundry consumptions, to the
amount of three iounhs of the wtiolc price of
of their labor; ibis also must be charged on the
beer. Surely, then, the consumer ot beer pays
more than seventeen shillings to the govern
ment lor every twenty shillings which he ex
pends in that, liquor. But I have taken fourteen
shillings in Hie pound as a moderate estimate of
the sour that a, uurn in America pays hronvds the
support of goveruuunt in tlremt Peitnin, nho
consumes British manufactures.”
Il follow's; then, as a consequence, tiiat the
people of this cotintrv contribute, in like pro
•pornoin t<> the support uf~micig» xrerr-r»*«n-m.-*- j
upon all that they purchase. In 1836 wc im
ported more than S7O,(XX),<XK> worth of articles
free if duly. The effect was that those who
purchased these articles paid not one cent to the
support of our own government, whilst at least
fmir-Jiflhs us that auiouiil vent into the treasuries
of foreign goreriinunls, as I have shown, to sup
port Kings on tlieir thrones, Parlianients that
make laws prohibiting our productions, and for
eign armies and navies—whilst here at home
we are striking down our own army and navy;
whilst here at home our government is dishon
ored. the Stales disgraced, and the people bank
rupt. and the tax gatherer wanders like a fright
ful ghost before tile people.
Those politicians who urge the policy are the
best friends tint England and the European
governments have, and the worst enemies the
people of this nation have to encounter. The
principle ol their speeches and writings are bor
rowed from lhe speeches made, in Parliament
during the commencement of the revolution,
and their policy is the same that Lord Grenville
always advocated in relation to this country.
Tlie whole amount of importations in 1836
was $189.980,t)35, in 1839 $162,092,132. You
can easily estimate how much our people paid
each year to the support of alien and rival gov
ernments. But it is urged that if you keep in
existence the Custom House system of levying
duties on foreign imports, you do really require
that the poor laborer and mechanic must con
tribute a tritie to the support of his government,
if he chooses, at his own pleasure, to purchase
necessaries or luxuries which are imported from
foreign countries; and that therefore, and for
other su<’li cogent and patriotic reasons, you
should abolish the system, and let the General
Government and the State Governments exist
only by direct taxation upon those who have
tangible property; for if you abolish all impost
duties, you will make foreign articles much
cheaper for the laboring man and mechanic.
Suppose we admit this result, and then exam
ine its ultimate effect upon tlie laboring man
and mechanic without property.
I will not examine it each individual in tlie
nation contributes by tlie impost system in pro
portion to his ability to purchase foreign fabrics,
luxuries and necessaries; but will admit that all
pav in equal amounts. For the argument, we
M ill suppose that it is necessary to raise $30,-
(XX),()0<) by impost duties to relieve the States
and tlie people, and to support tlie General Go
vernment, amt that a duty is laid on all articles
imported. We have 18,(XX),000 of inhabitants:
then each individual would have to pay less than
twodellars in Hie year. The impost system by
checking, in some degree, the flood of goods
made by the pant er inhabitants of Europe, en
ables tlie lalioting man and mechanic to com
mand a dollar a day for his skill and labor.—
Two dollars abstracted in the form of revenues
from s’6s, will still allow him $363 to support
himself and family, and accumulate property.
But it i ■ urged tiiat his coat, his tea. bis cof
lee and nistau must come lice of duty, and ev
ery filing else, so that he can save two dollars,
which would utheririse be taken by Govern
ment from his hard earnings. Suppose the du
ties are removed, and all tlie productions of Eu
rope are sold here as cheap as tliey are sold
there, and the laboring man and mechanic can
purchase them at a reduced price. Well it must
be remembered that so can the tanner. What
is the result? The farmer supports the me
chanics and laborers of Europe as M’eli as iheir
Governments, and tlie mechanic and laboring
men are thrown out of employment here at
home. Will the tailoring man and mechanic
become farmers? Tliey have not the capital.
Will they work in the field! The home market
and home consumption is destroyed in our own
country, for the surplus of the fields, and the
governments of Europe, in consideration ot our
free trade, levy only KKX) per cent upon our to
bacco, and wholly prohibit our grain from their
countries. Tin farmer then cannot employ the
mechanic at home, for lie cannot sell the grain
M-hich is decaying in li is granary. The me
chanic then must stick to his trade, and must
coinjiere u itli the laborers of Europe for a sale
of his goods to the farmer, whois the consumer.
Tlie price of production ot* lhe workshop
here has found Me level of lhe price i>i Europe;
and by this policy, as surely as the highest un
obstructed brook that rises in my own Catoctin
mountain will find the level, in time, ofthe
great ocean, so surely will the rate of wages ap
proximate to the level ofthe wages ot the world.
What is that level.’ In Africa about 3 cents;
in India about 5 cents; in Europe about lit or
12, averaging, if von please, IDc.-iit-. But ■ii|.-
Jkisc. which is not at all likely, that ft should be
double the price in this country to whai it is in
Europe, 25 cents per day, it would yield the la
boring man and mechanic s’7t 25 per year.—
Then these patriots and friends of tlie laboring
mall advise him to support a policy which will
prevent his contributing to the support of a Go
vernment whieli protects his civil and religious
liberties. In savingby this system two dollars,
he will lose in reduced wages just §292 25 per
year. And this would be lhe effect of their
friendship for the poor man. But these politi
cians console the poor man tin his loss ot
$292 25 per year by assuring him that hr run cat
ai much salt as he pleases withont /Hiuing any du to
to gar- rnmen!. although he may not be able to
I bnv flour and meat for himself and lamilv.
• <in ihi- subject J cannot resist my inclination
tuthoi ol
the pre
f'Me 31 st
to quote a page trom J. n. rocGiiiioen, in me
Rateol Wages; ‘Wlien wages are considera
bly reduced, the poor are obliged to economize,
or to submit to live on a smaller quantity of m
cessaries and conveniences, and thu.ie, too, oi an
interior sjiecies, than they had previously been
accustomed to; and tlie danger is that the. coarse
and scanty fare which has thus been in lhe fiist
instance forced on them by necessity, should in
lime become congenial irom habit. iShouid
this, unfortunately be tlie case, lhe condition ot
the poor Mould lie permanently depressed, and
no principle Mould be left in operation that
could raise wages to their level, lor the laliorers
could no longer have a motive to lessen the in
crease ot population as compared with that of
capital; and unless tliey did this, it is quite im
possible that they coula ever emerge trom their
depressed condition. Tlie lowering ofthe opin
ions of the laboring class with respect to tlie
■node in which tliey ought to live, is perhaps the
most serious of all lhe evils that can befall
them. Let them become contented with a low
er species of food, and an inferior standard of
comfort, and they may bid an eternal adieu to
eveiy thing better. And it ought always to lx
borne itr mind that every reduction tn the rate
of real wages, which is not of a very transient
description, Mill certainly have tliis effect.”
But the Government must be supported, the
State Government must be supported, and the
debis must be paid. How are they to be paid ?
By direct taxation say these politicians: for
this is going back, they maintain, to first princi
ples of government, and gives equality to a sys
tem.
Before lhe farmers adopt the advice given by
advocates of Fi ee Trade, relative to the re
idiii tv. ... . • .yi it ii v. Aild
be well for them to refresh ffieirTfiefatilfeTliy
reading the forty-seventh chapter of Genesis,
and they will find how fast a government may
oppress a people by demanding gold, by seizing
on their lands; and they will find also that M'hen
both land and inonej’ M'ere exhausted, govern
ment was willing to receive one-filth of the pro
duct of the field i n kind. But now the fanner
finds u hen his gold is exhausted, when his pub
lic lands are plundered by a rapacious govern
ment, still gold is exacted, and still his debts
must be paid; and Government feels no parent
al sympathy, but extends a side long glance of
step-dame indifference. Wherever positive and
personal taxes are substituted for negative tax
es, the people degenerate by the oppression. It
was by excise and customs that Rome support
ed her government in the best days of the Re
public.
But in the reign of Galienus, M’ho succeeded
Dioclecian, recourse M-ashad to direct land and
personal taxes, and the Republic began to de
cline. The age that followed was to tlie age
that preceded as iron is to gold. “Humanity is
shocked at the tales of M'oe that are told. Pa
rents are said, during the latter ages of the sni
pin’, to have sold their children and themselves
into slavery in orderto shun the burden of tax
es.” Spain uas the mistress of Europe as long
as she protected her fanners and mechanics by
wise legislation, and supported her government
by impost duties. But two causes destroyed her
power and her strength. When she neglected
her internal resources, when gold was showered
in her lap, Horn her colonies, and she made a
treaty with England, and consented to receive
her manufactures upon condition that England
v ould receive her wine and raw wool, from that
year she has declined, and has been as tributary
io English wealth and power as the most iletieii
dent ot the English l olonies; notuithstanding,
as Sir William Blackstone states, above a thou
sand millions of bullion are calculated to liave
lieen imported into Europe from America within
less than three centuries.
No nation can flourish that will not legislate
in relation to the policies of other nations as
they affect her own interest, and that will not
giic lilieral care to cherish agriculture, manu
factures and commerce. And why should not
the farmer receive the care of Government as
v It as the niamifacturcr and the man of com
merce! A farmer is in reality a manufacturer
and merchant. “Ithasalwaysappearedtome,”
says Anderson, in his Observations on National
Industry, “a lilile surprising, that mankind
should have in general entertained such just
ideas M ith regard to the means of making man
ufactures llourisli, and such defective notions
concerning improvements in agriculture. For
tliere is no man so ignorant as not to know at
once, tiiat the only possible way to make a
manufacture thrive, is to procure a ready vent
for the goods; as without this, every other en
couragement, however liberal, must be ineffec-
Au-A -p a: -iWally llmt
agriculture, although it has been riistinguished
by another name, is, to every intent and pur
pose, a manufacture in as strict a sense of the
word, as the forming a yard of broad-cloth, and
differs not in any respect from other manufac
tures, as to the means of making it flourish?”
If Congress can legislate to benefit commerce'
and manufactures, (and who doubts it?) why
can it not legislate to benefit tlie farmer ? If it
can aid a minority interest, will not thedemo
cratic principles oi the Government enjoin it as
a duty on it to advance the majority interest?
The last Congress passed a protective Tariff;
mid it received the unanimous vote of Pennsyl
vania, and the almost unanimous vole of New
York. Where did those get tlie constitutional
[lower trom who voted for it ? Will they say in
that clause ofthe Constitution which authorizes
Congress to lay impost duties ? Then I point
to the same clause for the [lower to pass the
measure which I recommend, which will bene
fit the internal commerce ofthe farmer, and say
that your tariff is almost a dead letter until you
relieve the farmer from taxation; for how can
he purchase goods, domestic or foreign, when
lie cannot pay the tax gatherer? Howcpn you
find vent for your productions, when the farmer
lias no money ? How can your revenues sup
ply the wants of the treasury until you relieve
lhe tanner, so that he can spend pan of the mo
ney in necessaries and luxuries, which now
goes to pay the debts of his State ?
Will those who voted for the last tariff’law,
and those that have passed heretofore, point to
that clause in the Constitution which gives Con
gress the power to regulate commerce, as sus
taining tlie measures ? Then I point to the same
clause and say that commerce is almost stagnant,
internal and foreign commerce, and that ii nev
er will revive and prosper again until the meas
ure 1 recommend is adopted. Or will they
point to the clause which gives Congress the
power to provide for the general welfare ? I
point to the same clause, and say that the gener
al welfare cannot be promoted, and indeed there
can lie no general welfare, without the measure
1 sustain. Tliere is a blight over the o M’hole U
nion. The Government cannot horrou' a dol
lar, it is in dishonor. The honor of the States
have received a Mound and universal distress
appeals in behalf of the scheme I recommend.
Without the measure the resources of the nation
will not be developed, nor will the Treasury, as
things are, meet the wants of Government.
Agriculture, Commerce and Manufactures
seem to lie the three grand divisions of human
industry, prosperity and wealth. Though divid
ed in pursuit, they should be united in interest
mutually imparting and receiving aid. This
division of industry augments the M ealth of the
nation, u’hilst it admits of greater profit in each
branch of business by wholly occupying the at
tention and labor of those who are respectively
employed. The increased power of production
by a division of labor is better understood now
than it Mas in ages past. Although Sir Thomas
Moore spent some twenty years in perfecting
the principles laid doM-n in his Utopian Repub
lic, he had but an imperfect view on the subject
ot division of labor. He would have the citi
zens of the city every three years to change resi
dence with those of the country, thus each alter
nating in the occupation of the other. The man
ufacture of ei en a pin, as modern experience
has shown, admits of a division of labor u hich
the skill of experience makes as profitable to tiie
manufacturer as it cheapens the price to the pur
chaser.
We should give Agriculture the first care, if
preference should be given to either, ns it sup
ports manufactures and commerce: but neither
can flourish M'hen one or Ihe other is depressed.
The skill of wise legislation should make them
harmonize in reciprocal profits. At the close of
thelastwar, in 1816, the debts of the nation fund
ed, outstanding and floating, amounted to about
SI6B,tKX).OOO. Ttie population Mas not more
than 12.tXK)JXX>. The M'hole amount, however
was paid in about 1 7 years, and no one perceiv
ed the process, anditniversal prosperity gladden
ed the land. I have tlie honor to be,
Yours, &c. Ac.
W COST JOHNSON.
Cut. CIIABI.I'.S t'AKHIU.I.,
Doughoregan Manor, Maryland.
The Whigs in tiie Custom House in New
York, are still beinir proscribe l ! tin' opinion’s
sake. Fifteen more were inliinncd on Tues
dav that their services were no longer needed,
or rather that their places Mere in be' fill's! by
certain rabid Locofocos.
Liberty Rkstoiihd. —Any individual in the
. State of Massachusetis can now suit his fancy
in tlie i-hoir'C ofthe color ol' a wifi’, (tn Satur
dav morning in the Senate, the bill repealing
the law prohibiting marriage lietween persons
ol different colors, eomtnonli called the inter
marriage law. was passed to lie engrossed.
The extensive stables in Washington city,
known as the “National Livery Stables,' and
iH-enpiedby Walkn A Kimniell. were entirely
consumed by lire on Tuesday morning. Tlie
horses, carriages. Ac. were-aveo. Messrs. W.
A K. are insured to the amount of §3tXX>. but
their )■>--*. it i ' thontffii. v. ill iiinch e\er,*.i
sum.
TWUS'n-»BVK*HIAM <l.ll
Cun espm h w-e. if the Charhstmi ('ourii r.
WASIttNSTON, Jan. 30.
Eveiy day as weappioaen tlx leitiiiuidiou ol
lhe session, new tumors spring up, as to the for
mation of si new cabinet, appointments to lor
eign missions, &c.
it is, to-uay conudently asserted that Mr. Wei -
ster will go to Englund, on a sjiecial mission.
But the President lias asked no appropriation
lor thisobject. lu reference to the rumorthathe
will do so, Mr. C. J. Ingersoll stated the other
day in a speech, that Mr. Webster would du
more good there, by making, as he could de, a
commercial treaty, than by getting up exchequer
schemes at home. He said lie would cheerfully
vote to send him on this errand.
It is also positively asserted that Mr. Forward
is about to retire from the Department of the
Treasury, and that he is tube succeeded by Mr.
Cushing.
These changes, it is avowed, will not take
place till aftertbe end ofthesession,becausethe
President is afraid to trust his important nomina
tions with the present Senate.
In the House, to-day Mr. Joseph K. Ingersoll,
from the Committee on Ways and Means, made
a long argumentative report’against the adoption
of Mr. Cost Johnson’s scheme of relieving the
country by issuing 200 millions of government
stock for distribution among the States. The
report concluded witharesolution declaring the
scheme to be inexpedient.
Mr. Pickens, from the minority of the same
committee, reported a resolution declaring the
scheme to be unconstitutional and dangerous to
the Union. The consideration ot the matter
was passed over.
TitSSSfo'-IM* Ayent into Committee on the bill
."•piiat’cmsfor tlie aimv.
unimportant amendments were ma’der
Mr. Roosevelt made an attack on the item for
the Military Academy at West Point. He
moved to strike out the appropriations for the
pay of Cadets. He said it was enough to give
them an education at public expense, witiiout
paying'them to receive it.
Mr. Proffit said the effect of such a provision
would be to prevent any but the sons ofthe riclt
from receiving the benefits of instruction at this
school. Mr. Holmes also warmly opposed the
motion. The amendment was rejected. Final
ly, the Committee rose and reported the bill.
In the Senate, a bill to prevent the transporta
tion of mailable matter on rail roads out of the
mail, was taken up, but not acted upon.
The Oregon occupation bill was taken up,
and the debate which is now worn nearly thread
bare, was continued by Mr. Archer against and
Mr. Robinson for the measure. Mr. Calhoun
intimated a desire to be further heard on the
subject before tlie vote was taken. The vote
will probably be taken to-morrow.
Washington, January 31.
After the morning business, tlie Senate pro
ceeded to the discussion of lhe special order,
being the bill for the occupation and settlement
of the territory of Oregon—the question being
to refer the bift back to the Committee on For
eign Relations.
Mr. Calhoun rose and addressed the Senate
with more than his usual animation against the
bill.
Mr. Phelps followed in explanation of the
grounds taken by the committee in support of
the bill at some length.
Mr. Rives expressed a desire to be heard on
the subject, and would proceed then, or let the
bill be passed over informally until tomorrow .
Mr. Linnmadea brief reply to some of the
suggestions ofMr. Calhoun, its to the bill never
having lieen pushed to a vote, to place .himself
rectus.
'Die hill was passed over, and Mr. Riv vs will
occupy the floor to-morrow.
On motion the Senate then adjourned.
In the House atierthemuruing business vrhiclt
was ot an unimportant character, the House
proceeded to the regular orderef tlie day, b eing
Territorial business, and was engaged thciieon
till the hour of adjournment.
Correspondence yf the Eallimoi'c Patriot.
Washincton, Feb. l-
IN SENATE.
The Oregon bill continues to be the principal!
subject of discussion in the Senate.
Mr. Rives spoke at length on the subject. He
expressed himself favorably to lhe settlement of
the territory at as early a period as possiH«-
nnd advocated many of the provisions of the bilj
as actually required, in order to preserve Ore
gon in oui- possession. But he was against the
fanit citruses, ns in his opfiviest —itmi-■■■■•■
violated tlie treaty witn engtantt, Dnt’also wns
contrary to the courtesy of nations Hesuppor
ted the motion to commit to the Committee on
Foreign Relations, for the purpose of striking
out these clauses.
Mr. Benton objected to the motion, on tlie
ground that as a special committee had report
ed the measure, il ought, to be re-committed to
tlie same, if any alterations were to be made.
Mr. Calhoun said the special committee was
dissolved; and spoke earnestly in favor of refer
ring to the Committee on Foreign Relations,
which was tlie proper organ to act on the mat
ter.
After a good deal of convetrsalion on this
point, Mi . Archer, chairman of the Committee
on Foreign Relations, withdrew - his motion for
reference to that committee, and consented that
it should go back to the spacial committee,
which might be revived, composed ofthe same
members as belore.
Mr. Benton then took the floor', to make ano
ther set speech—but gave way Jo Mr. Buchan
an, on whose motion, the Senate went into Exe
cutive Session.
HOUSE OF REPRESEPTTATIVES.
REAL REFORM.
Mr. Garret Davis ottered a resolution calling
on the Secretary of the Treasury, to report to
the House tlie names of all the persons employ
ed in the United States service, at the different
Custom-houses throughout the Union, in the
years 1829 and 1843, respectively»;ind also the
amount of revenue that had lieen. received for
two years immediately previous to each of those
years 1829 and 1843.
This information is necessary to the reform
and retrenchment measures which Mr. Davis is
projecting connected with the custom-houses.
GENERAL POST OFFICE.
A resolution was adopted calling on the Post
master General for information as to the disposal
ofthe fund appropriated at the la st session for
the purchase of the grounds around the General
Post Office Department; and whether it would
be expedient to purctiase the ground lying be
tween it and the Patent Office.
ARMY bill.
Mr. Thompson, of Mississippi, rose to a ques
tion of privilege. He moved to reconsider the
vote by which the Army Bill was passed yester
day.
Upon this motion, the gentleman from Mis
sissippi read the House a lecture upon extrava
gance, and poured forth his lamentations on the
discredit of tlie General Government in Europe.
Should the vote be reconsidered, he would move
to recommit the bill, with instructions to strike
out every item of appropria lion which could be
ornit ed without immediate and decided detri
ment to the public interest. Mr. Thompson
commented, in a strain intended to be very se
vere, upon those who had passed the Tariti'Bill
of the last session; and urged the propriety of
deferring all appropriations, until it eould be as
certained whether there would be means to meet
them.
Mr. Granger opposed the motion to recon
sider, and vindicated the majority of the House
from the imputation of making wasteful ap
propriations or from failing to provide properly
for them. The majority ofthe House had little
reason to stand by the Administration; but they
had much reason to stand by the country; and he
contended that alter gentlemen irom tlie North
had exerted themselves to provide the ways and
means, and were willing even to impose duties
on tea and coffee for that purpose; they ought
not to be rebuked by a representative from Mis
sissippi, who had always voted against those
measures deemed necessary to sustain the pub
lic credit.
The motion to reconsider was rejected.
FRENCH SPOLIATIONS.
Mr. Cushing, from the Committee on For
eign Affairs, offered a resolution directing that
on Tuesday next, at 2 o’clock, P. M. all debate
should be terminated on the bill making appro
priations to indemnify the claimants on account
of French Spoliations in 1800; and the House
should proceed to vote directly on the amend
ments.
A good deal oi’coni'usiou arose in the House,
owing to the solicitude of different members to
be heard in regard to these, claims.
Mr. Cave Johnson moved to lay the resolti
tionon the table—which was devilled in the neg
ative: ayes 93, nays 103.
So the House refused to lay on the table.
The previous question was then demanded
| bv Mr. Cushing—which was sustained—but
I belore action could be taken uniter it. tlie hour
arrived lot the special order, and the Hotisi'
pioceetleil to exm ule it by going into coinmittee
ot the whole on tlie bills relating to tlie Territo
ries; and territorial business uccujiied them
during the remainder ofthe sitting.
The Hun. George W. Crawford, ol Georgia,
appeared, was qualified, and took his -eat.
The proceedings ot Thursday, the -J»i iust.,
were of little interest in eithet house. In the
the Senate, the day tvas consumed i- v Mr. Ben
ton, in a speech on the Oregon bill, and in the
House, the greater portion ofthe sitting was de
voted to Territorial business.
JVThe receipts of the Central Bank area
bout $20,000 pet ’. -el. So s-.y- tlm I’ 1 *! Fede
ral Union.
VOL, vh.-noj:.
Correspondence th* North Amer mm
Nr.vr York, Jail. 31, IHY
The wind ha* blown a gale lioui the Soate
Ram to-day, and must cause nune lUiuag* U<.
the shipping and to inward bound venaels.
B urine w has been ven active for the Steam
er to-day, and the state oi our stock market *oo
tinues to impiove, and the greatext coniideac*
is telt that the lowest point has been panned.
Exchange is current at the follow ing ram a
London at 103ial05l; Frances,4s; Amaterdaaa
3o|a3»i; Hamburg 34ia34|; Bremen 75a76ft
British Government Bills 6 percent.
Money is so abundant hete that a Urge buss*
ne»s has been done in purchasing exchange to
import specie, as the transaction will pay very
well. Some persons estimate that sto 88,00*,-
(lO<> of dollars in specie will be received in this
country within the next 6t> or 90 days. The
Caledonia, it will be remembered, brought over
more than half a million in specie.
The last steamer for Albany did not get seat
er than tengiiles of the eitv, and retained tiin
morning without any mail.
Oorrespondnue of the North American.
New York, February 1.
Stocks have materially declined to-day whfofc
is attributive in part to the lose of Mr. John
son's bill, and is partly owing to a re-action that
would naturally follow the heavy operations oi
the last tew days.
Another forgery was discovered to-day in
Wall street, in the sum of S6OO. A check war
presented at the Bank of New York by a B4Ai
Exchange Broker, purporting to be drawn by J-
Lynch, a grocer here who keeps his account at
this bank, but the teller mistiusting the signa
lur, made a tew inquiries of the holder, which
W<JT# so unsatisfactory' that he was banded over
The-weather to-dayhas prevented all out-door
business. Flour remains inactive and the only
sale is a lot of 800 bbls Genesse at $4,44, wbfoo
is the top of the market. The sales oi cotton
are some 6 or 800 bales on an average at uniform
prices.
News- we are without, die mail being two
days due from the North, and two south <A
Washington, and the Eastern is not yet reported
and probably did not leave Stonington until this
morning and will arrive about 6 P. M.
The Naval Court Martial, in the ca*e dt
Mackenzie, did not organize to-day, owing to
the absence of Com. Downes and a good pro
portion of the members of the Court. But lib
tie interest is felt about the details of the trial
as people bere justify Capt. Mackenzie from
the evidence which was taken by the former
Court.
Sacrifice of Property.—The Worcetfer.
(Mass.) iEgis, says the sale qf Machinery a
the Dudley Woolen Mills, illustrate the condi
tion of things in manufacturing districts. 'The
machinery which cost s4o,ooo—and most of it
is said to be now in a good state—sold for about
S4OOO.
American Inventive Genivs.—The intelli
gent Paris correspondent of the National Intelli
gencer writing under date of the 31st ult. take*
the following notice of one of our citizens anti
his admirable inventions:
You and-ill the American public are ac
quainted with the high professional reputation
ot William Norris, Esq. and the nnsnrpaMed
excellence of his locomotive steam engines.
These possess already a European fame. Last
month, or earlier, he brought io this capital an
elegant finished model as a present to Kin*
Louis Phillippe. ft aha the donor— the able
engineer and mechanician—were received by
his Majesty with all interest and honor. The
model underwent a Court examination and ad
miration in all detail. The King bestowed oe
Mr. Norris, in return, or as general evideueo of
his double satisfaction, a splendid gold box with
brilliants, and a gold medal with his portrait.
A large compartment in the Louvre was assign
ed for a railway experiment. I annex a now
from Mr. Norris which 1 received yesterday, i*
lating to what passed. He has fonued several
advanta geons contracts for locomotive*, to h»
furnisher? from his manufactory in Philadelphia,
to the superintendents of the French railroadl
- to be executed:
Paris, December 27, 1842
Yesterday the King and all the Royal family,
accompanied by several of the Minister* of Btata
and general oili>‘.ers of the army, visited rtie
Marine Museum CJallery ofthe Louvre to wie
ness the perfbnnanc'e’°f the Miniature Loess
motive on a const! acted in such a mra
face—deviation* from rlraight line*— with eux~ ~
vatiires ot the smallest radii that are found fti
practical railroads. The length ofthe road A
305 feet, width 14 inches. Ihe shortest curve
isof 11 feet radius for the Ic.ugih ot 28 fetL
The locomotive made m.wy trips c. er th*
road, much to lhe surprise a>vi gratification th
the company, when a car of imsre dimension*,
iir comparison with lhe road titid locomotive,
wa s attached. The ear, accoinc-dating ten p*»
sons, was soon filled with Major Generals ams
other jllusliiotts personages, who were deligkfod
with their rapid trips to and ->o.
The exhibition was a very interesting otte.
Everything was successful. All were iiigbH'
pleased, and his Majesty expressed his unqual
ified approbation. I was inradii gratified at the
successfi ll result, more panicuiatly as there
were pre tent many scientific gentlemen wire
could pro] erly.appreciate the pen fonuances.
Tartar <in ths Teeth.—M. La Baume baa
ascertained .that washing the teeth with vin
egar and a bnish will,in a few day* remove the
tartar; thus -»b viating the necessity of filing u
scraping them, which so often injures the enam
el. He recoi no, ends the use ot powdered char
coal amhtincturt of rhatnny afterward*, which
etiectually (in la » opinion) prevents it* forswi
tion.—Medical 7\ tius.
Race— One of,the Indian delegate* te Au
gusta, Maine, alter riding in the stage half lire
way, was told '.hat h e eould ride no farther un
less he paid. Dislifc in K to do ‘his, he walked
the remaining 14 mil alul kept ahead of the
stage all the way.—performed the journey
in one hour and s’,’ u linutes, and was then ta
lively, jovial spirits, 'While the horses were sad
ly jaded.
Avdvbon’s GIUADRiri *M‘ S or North Ameri
ca.—We understand th Wth« hrst two ni*mbw
of this forth-coming won '<> hy <>ur distinguiyked
countryman Audubon, are nearly ready for
publication, and copies wi U ** received feeze la
a few days. The plan of tl. '* work is suuijgz so
that on Ornithology. It wii Ibe issued in u*4*
bers, one every two months, a nd completed itt *
boot five years.
Mr. Audubon has nearly c, tmpltted hi* ar
rangements, and will start in aft ' w weeks oq an
expedition to the far West, to the h‘°cky Motue
tains, tor lhe purpose of procurii tft specin*<s*
from that interesting region. W e wish him
every success in his excursion.—. Va" J>«JWb
Bulletin.
Murder.
We learn from an undoubted authority, they
Mr. Lea, nhog drover from Ky., was ihoekinfoy
umrdered on his return home, a few dr lys ago, Al
the mountain region ot Va., by two men who
travelled with him the principal part at the day
on which he was murdered, ft seems that fo
wa.' shot by a pistol in the back part of hie
head, while passing through a lonesome regfon
of country; he tell Irons hjs horse instantly gasp
ing for breath. The robbers thereupon ridJd
him of his pocket book, and were in lhe act of
riding off when they were suddenly brought ton
stand by the appearance of two mountaineer*,
who happened to be close by, hunting game rii
the woods. J tappears that the two hunters had
not separated long before they heard the report
ofthe pistol, and each takingit lor granted that
the other had shot at something, they both ran
to see what had been shot; both rbrtunatcdy
bounded into the road the same titna, one a Lit
tle above and the other a little below lhe robbere.
Seeing the sight described, they quickly
sprang the triggers of their lines, arid bid the
murderers stand ordie. On approaching Les,
they found him in the last agonies of death; but
he was able to tell who shot him, and who rob
bed him : he also told the hunters that the rub
ber* had missed his money, which was con
cealed in his coal collar; and a few luotuetMs
after this he expired. The hunters then march
ed the robbers to the village jail. The name of
Ihe county and village is not recollected. Mth
foe Chronicle'.
I Iron. —The Rochester Democrat states tlwn
iron ‘was lir.-l made iu this country in 1715 fu
V irginia. in Nev. York, Orange eonntv, a Itu
uaec was erected in 1751, and I.aUO lons'of pfo,
and I .DUH of bar, made annually. The jwnh
iron chain, that crossed the Hudson during tfo-
Revolution, • arh link of which weigheq
pound-, was made there. Peter ’J'uwUreNat
made the first canuou there in 18111. fn the C
niled States, 1810. there were made347.4tWk®s
pig iron: twenty years ago, Great Britain made
only 400.000 ton; now she make* 1.258,7 M ngw.
We learn from Washington that the
plan of relief to the indebted States. i« ei-Jtifc
much attention there. Akmbers who last ;«iy
turned from it with contempt, now regard itwifo
much favor, fin Saturday, Mr. Keim ~t Pea*,
sylvania, presented a petition trom Berks eone
ty, signed by 1 i>O(J democrats, asking t'raigru»,
i-'iic ,t*2 , >( l.lKXl.tHm in National Stock, ia <x4e
fonnity m ith lhe plan of Mr. J. This may ta
i noted as an important sign ofthe
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