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ington and Lisbon between ihe two Govtrn
manta; also, the amount and nature of the
claims preferred by Portugal against the United
State*, and all the correspondence between
the two Governments.
Mr. McClernand said that a report had been
put in circulation by letter writers, and which
had been endorsed to some extent by the news
papers that this Government had sent a fleet
up the Tagus to enforce at the mouth of the
cannon the payment of these claims. He had
seen it stated in several of the papers that an
American squadron had been sent to Lisbon
for the purpose of enforcing the demand. He
(Mr. McClernand) considered the rumor so
preposterous that he had not deemed it neces
sary to move in the House any serious inquiry
upon the subject The power of making war
resided in Congress alone. The exercise of it
in any degree by the Executive branch of the
Government would be snch an assumption of
power as to demand the highest censure of
Congress and the country.
Hence he had concluded that there had been
no such assumption of anything by the Exec
utive, and had not proposed any inquiry into
the matter. He believed that there was no
ground for the rumor that a fleet had been
sent to Lisbon to intimidate or threaten the go
vernment of Portugal. It might be that there
was one vessel there to bring home our
Charge, in the contingency of a difficulty, or
peremptive refusal on the part of that govern
ment to pay our just claims. He was not au
thorized to presume that any extreme meas
ures had been authorized by the President of
the United States.
After some further debate, in which Messrs.
King, of N. J., Ashman, Holmes and Hilliard
took part, the resolution was passed.
On motion of Mr. Bayly the Hoose resolved
itself committee of the whole, (Mr. Boyd in
the Chair) and resumed the consideration of
the Post Office appropriation bill.
Some considerable debate took place in re
gard to the propriety of placing the Depart
ment entirely upon its own resources for sup
port; also in regard to the reduction of the let
ter postage with the view of increasing the re
venues of that Dopartment. The Committee
rose and the bill was reported to the House.
The amendment of the Committee of the
Whole allowing 15 additional clerks was con
curred in, yeas 83, nays 79.
The amendment of Mr. Potter, placing the
Poet Office Department upon the common trea
sury, was concurred in—by yeas 95, nays 70.
The bill was then finally passed under the
operation of the previous question, by yeas
117, nays 47.
The House then at o'clock adjourned.
In Senate Ave. 7.
Mr. Cooper presented a large number of
petitions praying a modification of the tariff of
1846.
Mr. Pearce called np his bill for the settle
ment of the Texan boundary.
Mr. Underwood continued the speech com
menced yesterday. He examined the question
of title on the part of Texas, and denied that
she had the least shadow of title, and there was
nothing for which she was to be paid. He de
nied, also, the obligation on the part of the
United States to pay the debt of Texas for
which her revenues were pledged. He op
posed the bill because of the amount proposed
to be paid, and because of the boundaries laid
down.
Mr. Ewing proposed an amendment, chang
ing the boundaries of Texas, making them
nearly what was proposed by the omnibus bill,
the difference being against Texas.
He then moved (it being after 3 o’clock) to
postpone the bill till to-morrow, with a view
of taking op the California bill. After a de
bate, the Senate refused to postpone the bill
by the following vote:
Yeas—Messrs. Baldwin, Bright, Davis, of
Mass., Dayton, Dodge, of Wis., Dodge, of
lowa, Ewing, Felch, Hamlin, Seward, Shields,
Smith, Spruance. Underwood, Upham, Wales,
Walker and Winthrop—lß.
Nays—Messrs. Atchison, Badger, Barnwell,
Bell, Berrien, Bradbury, Butler, Clarke, Coo
per, Davis, of Miss., Dawson, Dickinson,
Douglass, Foote, Greene, Hale, Houston,
Hunter, King. Mangum, Mason, Morton, Nor
ris, Pearce, Phelps, Rusk, Sebastian, Soule,
Sturgeon, Turney, Whitcomb, Yulee—32.
Mr. Ewing then addressed the Senate in
support of his amendment, giving way to fre
quent questions.
Mr. Hale said that as regards the people in
the territory, he saw but little difference as re
gards the obligation to give them a govern
ment, whether they were assigned to Texas or
to New Mexico.
Mr. Cooper supported the amendment, Ho
would vote for the bill if it were adopted, but
he would not say that be would vote against it
if the amendment were rejected.
Mr. Badger approved the amendment. He
ha! no faith in the title of Texas, but others
had, and Texas would be supported in the main
tenance of that title. He would not hesitate
to vote for anything to avert a civil war. Any
settlement would be cheap if the shedding of
American blood by American arms was pre
vented.
Mr. Pearce followed in explanauon of the
boundaries of his bill, and said that it was not a
bill to define the strict legal title of the parties,
but to prevent a conflict between the United
States and Texas. He had no fear for the re
sult of the conflict, but he dreaded the conse
quences which would follow such a conflict to
the perpetuity of the Union.
Air. Cooper followed, in reply to some por
tions of the remarks of Mr. Pearce, and said
that he would vote for the bill whether the
amendment was adopted or not. He appeal-
r»<l Gy tluk fiUaansatxa W QUra tn rln ag» mImO.
Yeas—MeHMrs. Baldwin. Brndhnrv. Clarka.
mudiawiu, DrauDury, viarxe,
Cooper, Davie, of ManflßKlaytoii, Dodge, of
Wis., Ewing, Greene, Hale, Hamlin, Phelps,
Seward, Shields, Smith, Spruance, Under
wood, Upham, Wales, Walker, Winthrop—2l.
Nays—Messrs. Atchison, Badger, Barnwell,
Bell, Berrien, Bright, Butler, Cass, Davis, of
Miss., Dawson, Dickinson, Dodge of lowa,
Douglass, Foote, Houston, Hunter, King,
Mangum, Mason, Morton, Pearce, Husk, Se
bastian, Soule, Sturgeon, Turney, Whitcomb
—2B.
Mr. Dayton moved to amend the bill by pro
viding that the public lands in Texas shall be
released to the United States, and when the
ten millions shall be repaid to the United Stales,
tbs public lands left to revert to Texas.—Lost
—yeas, 17—nays, 31.
Mr. Baldwin submitted some verbal amend
ments, which were argued.
Mr. Winthrop moved to make the bounda
ries of Texas those proposed by Mr. Benton
as an amendment to the omnibus. The ques
tion is now pending.
The Senate adjourned.
House.
Mr. Bissel from the select committee upon
the memorial of Min T. L. Dix, upon the
subject of a grant of land for the bene
fit of the insane in the U. States, reported a
bill making a grant of public land to the sev
eral. Stales of the Union for the relief and sup
port of the indigent insane which was read a
first rime and second time bv its title.
[The bill appropriates 11X000,000 of acres
of the public lands for the purpose ; which are
to be apportioned among the several States by
' the President of the U. States.]
The bill and report accompanying were or
dered to be printed. Pending a proposition
to make the bill the special order for Thursday
week. 1
The rules were suspended, and the House
resolved itself into Committee of the Whole,
and resumed the consideration of the bill to cre
ate the office of Survey or General of the pub
lic Lande in Oregon, and to provide for the
survey, and to make donations to settlers of
the said publie lands. The bill was consider
-10 t *’® House and finally adopted.
_. T “® House then went into committee on the
Civil and Diplomatic appropriation bill.
rhe bill being read through
Mr. Brown, of Miss., addressed the House
for an hour against the positions assumed in
the President s Message in regard to the boun
dary question. He characterized the message
as the most extraordinary which emanated from
an American President. He said the kite
which had accidentally fallen into the eagle’s
neat bad threatened a sovereign State with the
arms of the F ederal Union, because such a
State bad attempted to exercise the rights
which belonged to herby the provisions of the
treaty between Texas and the United Blates
He quoted the resolution admitting Texan into
the Union, to show that by such act of admis
sion the claims of Texas to 42 deg. North were
recognized.
After he had concluded.
Mr. Stephens, of Ga.. obtained the door, and
yielded to a motion that the Committee rise.
The Committee rose, and the House adjourned
la Beaate Aeeusv 9.
After petitions and reports of Committees,
Mr. Pearoe called up hie bill making propo
sals to Texas for the settlement of her bounda
nee. Ac.
Mr. Winthrop withdrew his amendment,
proposed yesterday.
Mr. Underwood moved to etriko oat the
proposed boundaries, and insert those propo-
•ed iu the Compromise Bill. Lost. yeas 24,
nays 25
Mr. Maron moved a substitute for the whole
bill, declaring that the boundary of Texas it
the Bio Grande to its source. Ac.
After debate, this was rejected—yeas 14,
°*r* w. _
The bill was then reported to me Senate,
and after some debate, and divisions upon one
or two. the who'e of the amendments made
tn committee were agreed to.
Underwood then renewed his motion to
uwert as the boundaries of Texas the boun
dwtee proposed by the compromise committee.
After iurtber debate it was again rejected—
yeas 23. nays 28. '
. *J r °f Massachusetts, moved to
oul “ n “'•lions— the sum proposed to
b “s“ d A° T * tM ~«“• insert six millions
M ’“PP orte ' i »he ten millions, and
Mr Hale opposed paying any thing.
The amendment was then rejected vans
20. nays, 26, as follows .
Yess—Messrs Baldwin. Bright, Chase
Clarke. Davis, of Mass.. Dodge, of Wis
Fech. Greene. Hamlin. Norris. Phelps. Se
ward, Spruance. Turney. Underwood. <j„
baas, Wales. Walker. Wbiteomb, and Win-
°R«v-—Messrs. Atchison. Badger, Bell,
Berrien. Cass, Clemens, Cooper. Davis, of
Mies.. Dawson. Dickinson, Dodge, of lowa
Douglas, Ewing, Foote, Houston. Hunter.
King. Mason. Morton. Pearce. Rusk, Sebas
tiau. Arnolds. Smith, Sturgeon. Yulee—26.
Mr. Ewing proposed to amend the bill by
introducing the same line for the boundary,
which he Mbmittod yesterday as m committee
of the whole, and which was voted down It
was rejected—yearn 31. nays 26.
Mr. Sobariian proposed aaamendment, pro
viding that tbo territory roiioqutshed by Texm
shall be admitted as a Stats into the Union.
with or without slavery, as the people shall
determine al the time of forming their consti
tunon.
Messrs. Foote and Badger appealed to him
to withdraw the amendment, as out of place in
tins b<U. When ihe Territorial bill for Now
Mexico camo up for oenmdonaon, it could bo
Btrodaoed then.
Mr. Sebastian insisted upon his amendment.
Mr. Benton said they were exactly at the
point they were five years ago in regard to the
question of making additional States out of
tne territory of Texas. He foresaw and said,
five years ago, that Texas would ma . ®
own terms about the reduction of her tern ry.
The question now was about buying a p •
He said if they would purchase a peacei ini this
case, they would have a plenty of
hereafter, so loeg ““““ffie’p urch.se. He
federal coffer would vote against
ffi« C MI- B beVe“nrtha< one more acceptable to
hl counuy co»ld g be devised if it was rejected.
The question was then taken on the amend
ment of Mr. Sebastian, and it was rejected
yeas 19, nays 29.
Mr. Bradbury made some remarks in oppo
sition to this bill. The question was then ta
ken on the engrossment of the bill. It was
ordered to be engrossed.
By Telegraph.
Washington, Aug,9.6 P.M. —Mr. Pearce’s
bill, giving Texas ten millions, was finally
passed, as follows:
Yeas—Messrs. Badger, Bell, Berrien, Brad
bury, Bright, Cass, Clarke, Clemens, Cooper,
Davis, of Mass., Dawson, Dickinson, Dodge,
of lowa, Douglass, Felch, Foote, Greene,
Houston, King, Norrie, Pearce, Phelps, Rusk,
Shields, Smith, Spruance, Sturgeon, Wales
Whitcomb, Winthrop—3o.
Nays—Messrs. Atchison, Baldwin, Barn-
1 well, Benton, Butler, Chase, Davis, of Miss.,
Dodge, of Wis., Ewing, Hale, Hnnter, Mason,
Morton, Seward, Soule, Turney, Underwood,
Upham, Walker, Yulee—l9.
House.
After some unimportant preliminary pro
ceedings, in which the House refused by a
’ vote of 71 yeas and 91 nays to proceed to the
business on the private calendar,
On motion of Mr. Bayly the rules were sus
pended and the House resolved itself into Com
mittee of the Whole, (Mr. Burt in the chair,)
* and resumed the consideration of the Civil
and Diplomatic appropriation bill.
» Mr. Stephens, of Georgia, who was entitled
to the floor, proceeded to examine the doc
» rines of the President’s reeent message in re
i- gard to the boundary of Texas. He main
tained that such doctrines were dangerous to
8 the rights of the States and to the personal li-
berty of the people of the country. That the
President had assumed powers under the con
stitution which that instrument did not con
fer upon him, when he undertakes to interfere
with the military power of the Government to
determine a dispute which did nut involve an
obstruction to the judicial process or action of
the country, &c.
Mr. Savage, of Tenn., then took the floor
and denounced the principles set up in the
message of the President.
Mr. Williams addressed the House an hour
in favor of the Compromise Bill. He attribu
ted its defeat to ultra Southern whig votes.
The people of his State, he said, whigs and
democrats, were all for the compromise. He
then entered into a calculation of the extent of
territory in Texas, and argued that that territo
ry was capable of sustaining more than one
hundred and fifty millions of population, giving
the same number to a square mile that resided
in the State of Massachusetts.
He argued for such a basis that slavery would
be profitable there for two hundred years to
some. He was willing to give to Texas all the
territory she claimed; tut if she attempted to
march an army there to take possession of
New Mexico, or any portion of that country
which was ceded by Mexico to the United
States, a civil war would commence, the end
of which no man could tell—for he could not
tell which would whip, nor did he care much’
. for all were his brothers.
There was no necessity of marching troops
there, for the claims of Texas would be settled
in time, no doubt to her satisfaction. So far
as the President had spoken, he had disclaimed
to decide the point of dispute against her. He
bad not the least doubt, had the President de
cided the point in favor of Texas, there would
nothing have been heard in regard to assump
tion of power by him, nor of the propriety of
undertaking to decide in regard to the dispute,
for to stay the action.
Mr. Howard said all Texas wanted was to
be left in the possession of the territory which
she claimed and was entitled to.
Mr. Williams said if Congress were to pass
a resolution giving the territory in dispute to
Texas, he had no doubt it would be the most
mortifying thing that could happen to her.—
She wanted the $10,000,000, for it would be
much better for her than to fight it out with
the Federal Government.
He concluded by expressing his approval of
the course and opinions of the President in
regardto this matter of dispute, and declared
himself in favor of justice to Texas, to the en
-1 tire South, and in favor of preserving the
Union at all hazards.
Mr. Houston, of Del., then addressed the
, House in favor of the principles of the mes
sage, and in favor of buying out the assumed
right of Texas to the territory claimed by her-
After Mr. H. concluded, Mr. Seddon obtain
ed the floor and yielded to a motion that the
committee rise. The committee then rose,
' and the House adjourned.
Documents accompanying the Presi
dent’s Message,
Exzcotivk Defartment,
Austin, ( Texas,) June 14, 1850.
i Sir:—By authority of the Legislature of
Texas, the Executive of the State, in February
' last, dispatched a special commissioner with
’ full power and instructions to extend the civil
uanid re, Biiuaiuu
P limits.
That commissioner has reported to me, in
an official form, that the military officers em
ployed in the service of the United States,
stationed at Santa Fe, interposed adversely
. with the inhabitants to the fulfilment of his
object, by employing their influence in favor
of the establishment of a separate State Gov
ernment east of the Rio Grande, and within
the rightful limits of the State of Texas. I
transmit to you herewith the proclamation of
Colonel John Munroe, acting under the or
ders of the Government of the United States,
under the designation of Civil and Military
Governor of the Territory of New Mexico.
I have very respectfully to request that your
Excellency will cause me to be informed, at
your earliest possible convenience, whether or
not this officer has acted in this matter under
the orders of his Government, and whether
bis proclamation meets with the approbation
of the President of the United States 1
With assurances of distinguished considera
tion, 1 have the honor to be your Excellency’s
most obedient servant,
P. H. Bill.
To bis Excellency Z. Taylor, President of
the United States.
Dkpartmknt or Statk,
Washington, August 5, 1850.
Sir:— A letter addressed by you to the late
President of the United States, and dated on
the 14th of Juue last, has, since his lamented
decease, been transferred io the hands of his
successor, by whom lam directed to transmit
to you the following answer :
In that letter you say that, by the authority
of the Legislature of Texas, the Executive of
that State, in February last, dispatched a spe
cial commissioner, with full power and instruc
tions to extend the civil jurisdiction of that
State over the unorganized counties of El
Paso, Worth, Presidio, and Banta Fe, situated
upon its northwestern limits; and that the
commissioner has reported to you, in an offi
cial form, that the military officers employed
in the service of the United States, stationed at
Santa Fe. interposed adversely with the inhab
itants to the fulfilment of his object, by em
ploying their influence in favor of the estab
lishment of a separate State Government east
of the Rio Grande, and within the rightful
limits of the State of Texas. You also trans
mit a copy of the proclamation of Colonel
John Munroe, acting under the orders of the
Government of the United States, under the
designation of Civil and Military Governor of
tbe Territory of New Mexico, and respectfully
request tbe President to cause you to be in
formed whether or not this officer has acted
in this matter under the orders of his Govern
ment, and whether bls proclamation meets with
the approval of tbe President of the United
States T
In the events which have occurred, I hardly
know whether your Excellency would natu
rally expect an answer tv this letter from him.
His predecessor in office, to whom it was ad
dressed, and under whose authority and direc
tion the proclamation of Col. Munroe was is
sued, is no more; and, at this time, that proc
lamation, whatever may be regarded as its true
character, has ceased to have influence or ef
fect. The meeting of the people of New
Mexico, by their representatives, which it in
vited, is understood to have taken place, al
though thio Government has as yet received
no official information of it.
Partaking, however, in tbe fullest degree, in
that high respect which the Executive Govern
ment of the United States always entertains
towards the Governors and the Governments
I, of the States, the President thinks it bis duty,
nevertheless, to manifest that feeling of respect,
■ by acknowledging and answering your letter.
> And this duty, let me assure your Excellency,
has beeu so long delayed only by uncontrolla
, ble circumstances, and is now performed at the
earliest practicable moment, after the appoi nt
inent of those heads of Departments, and their
acceptance of office, with whom it is nsual, on
important occasions, for the President of the
United States to advise.
In answer, therefore, to your first interroga
tory. vix. whether Colonel Munroe, in issuing
the proclamation referred to. acted under the
orders of this Government. I have the honor
to state that Col. Munroe's proclamation ap
pears to have beeu issued in pursuance, or in
consequence, of an order, or letter of instruc
tion, given by the late Secretary of War.
under the authority of the late President, to
Lieut. Colonel McCall Os this order, which
bears date on the 19th of November, 1849,
your Excellency was undoubtedly informed at
the date of your letter. A full and accurate
copy, however, is attached to thio communica
tion. Col. McCall is therein instructed that
If the people of New Mexico, for whom Con
-Bre>*,> *, bad provided no Government, should
manifMt a w„h to take any steps to establish
• L™ ’ m for themselves, and applv for
and ~rdu^ttX“’^'’ U '?
aaaoc>ate<i ... “'“ er ’ with whom he was
“T"*’** e r r,iou or n,,i, “ rv
of any official or even perooiil mterferenc.
to control, or affect in any wav. the primary
action of the people in the formation of a
Government, nor to permit any ouch interfer
ence by subordinate officers. ' Col. McCall
and hie associates were not called upon to
take a lead in any measures or even to recom
mend any thing as fit to bo adopted by the peo
ple. Tustr whole duty was confined to what
toey might be able to perform, subordinate to
the wishes of the people. In this matter it was
evidently contemplated that they were to act
as the agents of tbo and not as
officers of this Government. It must be re
collected that the only Government then exist
ing to lha Territory was a qaast-uuutary Gov- |
ernment, and as Congress had made no pro
vision for the establishment of any form of
eivil Government, and as the President doubt
less believed that under these circumstances
•he people had a right to frame a Government
for tnemselves, and submit it to Congress for
its approval, the order was a direction that the
then existing military Government should not
stand in the way of the accomplishment of the
wishes of the people, nor thwart those wishes,
if the people entertained them, for the estab
lishment of a free, popular, republican civil
Government, for their own protection and
benefit. This is evidently the whole purpose
and object of the order. The military officer in
command, and his associates, were American
citizens, acquainted with the forme of civil and
popular proceedings, and it was expected that
they would aid the inhabitants of the territory,
by their advice and assistance, in their pro
ceedings for establishing a Government of
their own. There is no room to suppose that
Col. Munroe, an officer as much distinguish
ed for prudence and discretion as for gallan I
conduct in arms, meant to act, or did act,
otherwise than in entire subordination and
subserviency to the will of the people among
whom be was placed. He was not authorized
to do, nor do I understand him as intending
to do, any thing whatever in his military char
acter, nor to represent, in any way, the wishes
of the Executive Government of the United
States.
To judge intelligently and fairly of these
transactions, we must recall to our recollec
tions the circumstances of the case, as they then
existed. Previous to the war with Mexico,
which commenced in May, 1846, and received
tie sanction of Congress on the 13th of that
month, the Territory of New Mexico formed
a Department or State of the Mexican Repub
lic, and was governed by her laws. General
Keerney, acting under orders from this Gov
ernment, invaoed this Department with an
armed force ; the Governor fled at his ap-
S roach,and the troops under his command
ispersed ; and General Kearney entered San
ta Fe, the capital, on the 18th of August,
1846, and took possession of the territory in
the name of the United States. On the22d of
that month he issued a proclamation to the in
habitants, stating the fact that he had taken
possession of Santa Fe, at the head of his
troops, and announcing his “intention to bold
the department with its origininal boundaries
. Jon both sides, of the Del Jforte.) and uadort
the name of New Mexico.” By that proETa
mation he promised to protect the inhabitants
ofNew Mexico in their persons and property,
against their Indian enemies and all otAsrs, and
as^iired them that the United States intended
to provide for them a free Government, where
the people would be called upon to exercise
the rights of freemen in electing their own rep
resentatives to the Territorial Legislature. On
the same day he established a Territorial con
stitution by an organic law. which provided for
executive, legislative, and judicial departments
of the Government, defined the right of suf
frage, and provided for trial by jury, and at
the same time established a code of laws. This
constitution declared that “the country here
tofore known as New Mexico, shall be known
aereafter, and designated as the Territory of
New Mexico, in the United States of America,
and the members of the lower House of the
Legislature were apportioned among the
counties established by the decree of the de
partment of New Mexico, of June 17, 1844;
which counties it is understood included all
the Territory over which Texas has lately at
tempted to organize counties and establish her
own jurisdiction. On the 22d of December,
1846, a copy of this constitution and code was
transmitted by President Polk to the House of
Representatives, in pursuance of a call on him
by that body. In the message transmitting the
constitution, he says that “portions of it pur
port to establish and organize a permanent
Territorial Government over the Territory,
and to impart to its inhabitants political rights
which, under the constitution of the United
States, can be enjoyed permanently only by
citizens of the United States. These have not
been approved and recognised by me. Such
organized regulations as have been established
in any of the conquered territories, for the se
curity of our conquest, for the preservation of
order, for the protection of the rights of the
inhabitants, and for depriving the enemv of
the advantages of these Territories, while the
military possession of them by the forces of the
United States continues, will be recognised and
approved.” Near four years have now elaps
ed since this yuasi military Government was
es'ablished, by military authority, and received
wi b the exceptions mentioned, the approval
of President Polk. In the mean time a treaty
of peace has been concluded with Mexico, by
which a boundary line was established that left
thia territory within the United State, thereby
confirming to the Uuited States by treaty
what we had before acquired by conquest. The
t.eaty, in perfect accordance with the procla
mation of General Kearney, declared that the
Mexicans remaining in this Territory should
be incorporated into the Uuion of the United
States, and be admitted at the proper time, (to
be judged of by the Congress of the United
Stales,) to the enjoyment of all the rights of
citizens of the United States, according to the
principles of the constitution-,” and in the
mean time “should be maintained and protect
ed in the free enjoyment of their liberty and
property, and secured in the free ex
ercise of their religion without restric
tion.” Thus it will be perceived that the
authority of the United States over New Mex
- ico was the result of conquest; and the pos
session held ofit, in the first place, was of
course a military possession. The treaty add
ed the title by cession to the already existing
* by uchie in arnit*.
come a civil government to - supercede ine
, military. But, until some such form of gov
ernment shou\d come into existence, it was a
matter of absolute necessity that the military
, government should continue, as otherwise the
i country must fall into absolute anarchy. And
r thia has been the course, generally, in the prac
tice of civilized natious, when colonies or ter
i ritories have been acquired by war, and their
[ acquisition confirmed by treaty.
r The military government, therefore, existing
in New Mexico at the date of the order, exis
ted there of inevitable necessity. It existed as
much against the will of the Executive Gov
ernment of the United States as against the
will of the people. Tbe late President had
t adopted tbe opinion that it was justifiable in
■ the people of the territory, under the circum
stances to form a constitution of government,
. without any previous authority conferred by
i Congress ; and thereupon to apply for admis
sion into the Union. It was under this state of
things, and under the influence of these opin
, ions, that the order of the 19th November last
was given, and executed in the manner we
have seen. The order indicates no boundary,
r and defines no territory, except by the name of
New Mexico ; and so far as that indicated any
thing it referred to a known Territory, which
had been organized under military authority,
approved by the Executive, and left without
remonstrance or alteration by Congress, for
more than three years. It appears to the Pres
ident that such an order could not have been
intended to invade the rights of Texas.
Secondly, you ask whether the proclama
tion of Colonel Munroe meets with the appro
val ofthe President of the United States I
■ To determine this question it is necessary
to look at the object of the proclamation and
the effect of tbe proceedings bad under it.
If the object was to assume the authority to
settle the disputed boundary with Texas, then
the President has no hesitation, because he
does net believe that the Executive branch of
thia Government, or the inhabitants of New
Mexico, or both combined, have any constitu
tional authority to settle that question. That
belongs either to the Judicial Department of
the Federal Government or to the concurrent
action by agreement of the United States and
Texas. But it has been sufficiently shown that
Col. Munroe could have had no such object,
and that his inteution was merely to act in aid
ofthe people in forming a Slate constitution to
be submitted to Congress. /Assuming then
that such a constitution has been formed, what
- is its effect upon the disputed boundary T If it
compromite the rights of either party to that
question, then it does not meet the President’s
approbation ; for he deems it his duty to leave
the settlement of that question to the tribunal
to which it constitutionally belongs. It is
sufficient for him that this boundary is in dis-
Rute; that the territory east of the Rio del
orte seems to be claimed in good faith both
by Texas and New Mexico, or rather by the
United States. Whatever might be his judg
ment in regard to their respective rights, he
has uo power to decide upon them, or even
to negotiate in regard to them; and therefore
it would be improper for him to express any
opinion. The subject matter of dispute is be
tween the United States and Texas, and not
between the inhabitants of New Mexico and
Toxas. If those people should voluntarily
consent to come under the jurisdiction of
Texas, such consent would not bind the United
States or take away their title to tbe territory.
So, on the other hand, if they should volunta
rily claim the title for the United States, it
would not deprive Texas of her rights. What
ever those rights may be, they can only be as-
fectod by her own acts or a judicial decision.
The State constitution formed by New Mexi
c > can have no legal validity until it is recog
nised and adopted by the law-making power
of the United States. Until that isdone, it has
no sanction, and can have no effect, upon the
rights of Texas or of the United States to the
territory in dispute. And it is not to be pre
sumed that Congress will ever give its sanc
tion to that constitution without first providing
for settling this boundary. Hence he regards
the formation of this State constitution as a
mere nullity. It may be regarded, indeed, as
a petition to Congress to be admitted as a
State, but until Congress shall grant the prayer
ofsueb petition, by legal enactments, it afl'ects
the rights of neither party. But as it is the right
of all to petition Congress for any law which
it may constitutionally pass, this people were
in the exercise of a common right when they
formed their constitution with a view of apply
ing to Congress for admission as a State, and i
as he thinks the act can prejudice no one. be
feels bound to approve of the conduct of Col.
Munroe, in issuing his proclama’ion.
I am directed also to state that, in the Presi
dent's opinion, it would not be just to suppose
that the late President desired to manifest any
unfriendly attitude or aspect towards Texas,
or the claims of Texas. The boundary be
tween Texas and New Mexico was known to
be disputed; and it was equally well known
that the Executive Government of the United
States had no power to settle that dispute. It
is believed that the Executive power has not
wished—it certainly does not now wish—to in
terfere with that question in any manner what
ever. as a question of title.
In one of bis last comtnunicauons to Con
'of 17 “» of last, she late
< foe»«M»on that ho had
ii*2°rJ i T Cl<i * 4? of boundary,
ano no desire to interfere with it and that th.
‘by s“”Uon
Where. The object es the Executive Govern
ment baa been, as I beheve. and M i nm au .
thonxed to say it certainly now is. to secure
the peace ot the country ; to maintain tar
as practicable, the state of dungs as it existed
at the date ot the treaty; and to uphold and
I preserve Um ngba es the respective parties m
they were under the solemn guaranty of the I
treaty until the highly interesting question of
boundary should be finally settled by compe
tent authority. This treaty, which is now the
supreme law of the land, declares, as before
slated, that the inhabitants shall be maintained
and protected in the free enjoyment of their
liberty and property, and secured in the free
exercise of their religion. It will, of course,
be the President’s duty to see that this law is
sustained, and the protection which it guaran
ties made effectual; and this is the plain and
open path of Executive duty, in which he pro
poses to tread.
Other transactions es a very grave character
are alluded to and recited in your Excellency’s
letter. To those transactions I am now di
rected not more particularly to advert, because
the only questions propounded by you respect
the authority under which Col. Monroe acted,
and the approval or disapproval of his procla
mation. Your Excellency’s communication
and this answer will be immediately laid before
Congress, and the President will take that oc
casion to bring to its notice the transactions al
luded to above.
It is known to your Excellency that the ques
tions growing out of the acquisition of Cali
fornia and New Mexico, and among them the
highly important one of the boundary of Tex
as, have steadily engaged the attention of both
Houses of Congress for many months, and still
engage it, with intense interest. It is under
stood that the Legislature of Texas will be
shortly in session, and will have the boundary
question also before it. It is a delicate crisis
in our public affairs, not free, certainly, from
possible dangers; but let us confidently trust
that justice, moderation and patriotism, and the
love of the Union, may inspire such counsels,
both in the Government of the United States
and that of Texas, as shall carry the country
through these dangers, and bring it safely out
of them all, and with renewed assurances of
the continuance of mutual respect and har
mony in the great family of States.
I have the honor to be, with entire regard,
your Excellency's most obedient servant,
Dan’l Webster.
• To his Excellency P. H. Bell, Governor of
Texas.
Interesting from Spain. —The Madrid
Espana, of June 29th, contains some important
statements with respect to the questions at is
' sue between the Spanish Government and the
>U»l«« ~ WilharoepHctXo tkjr points. .11
dispute with the American Government, it
says;
Accounts which we regard as highly correct
state that the reclamations made by the Govern
ment of lite United States on our own Gov
ernment are of a sufficiently exigent character,
since they require not only that the pirates
made prisoners shall be set at liberty, but also
that the two vessels taken from them by our
own marine also be given up.
It further states, in connection with the Cu
ban affair, that the Duke of Sotomayor has had
several conferences with the French Minister
for foreign Affairs, “in order to open negotia
tions for the purpose of forming between the
parties interested a treaty, which may prevent
the piracies that might be committed for the
future under the shade of anomalous legislation
ofthe United States on this point. The French
Minister,knowing the opportuneness ofthe indi
cations of our ambassador, and the fruits which
so useful a treaty may produce, have received
the idea extremely well, agreeing at once that
England be invited, in order that they proceed
by common accord in every thing which relates
to this important subject.”— Picayune.
Burwell Boyken, Esq., of Mobile, who
was one of the delegates from the State of
Alabama to the Nashville Convention, has pub
lished in the Mobile papers his speech made
in the convention upon the amendments pro
posed by Mr. Mcßae, of Mississippi to the
Nashville address. In so doing, Mr. Boyken
complains, and with evident good cause, that
in the journals ofthe convention, just publish
ed for circulation under the authority of the
officers, these important resolutions have been
entirely omitted, and that it is impossible to
supply them. The object of the amendments
was to exclude the conclusion that the conven
tion was inflexibly opposed to the Senate com
promise, or had made the Missouri compro
mise line an ultimatum. Mr. Boyken's speech
was designed to keep the convention uncom
mitted, indulging in the hope that material
amendments would be made to the bill, so as to
justify the South in accepting them.— N. O.
Pic.
What we may call the second equestrian
foat of amnautism was performed on Sunday
afternoon. 14th inst., by Monsieur Poitevin.
He ascended again with hie poney, from the
Champ de Mars, Three fourths of the Paris
ans hurried thither, and to the neighboring
heights. The price of admission was re
duced to a franc, and the amount of nearly
thirty thousand collected. I was on the ter
race of St. Germain-en-Laye at 6 o'olock, and
enjoyed the spectacle of the sailing of the
painted baloon, which appeared like a ball of
fire under the rays of the sun, across the beau-
- tiful valley of the Seine, at the altitude of some
three thousand yards. The azure main was
perfectly clear. Peitevin descended easily at
a village ten or twelve leagues from Paris, and
j reached Ins dwelling in the capital at 2 o’clock,
P. M., on Monday. He did not experience
cold, as in the first ascension. When he
touched the earth, his horse snorted, pawed and
' gamboled, as if delighted to be once mere on
terra fir ma. The animal was in profuse per-
- epiration,— Paris Cor. Jour. Com.
The Cabinet Comflete. —We are gratfied
to learn that the two vacant places in the Cab
tinel have been filled, and in a manner in which
tbe country. The first, lhe
Interior, by the tender ofthe office to the Hon.
Thomas M.T. McKennan, a sterling and well
known Whig, of Western Pennsylvania : the
second, the Department of War, by the selec
tion of the Hon. Charles M. Conrad, a distin
guished citizen of Louisiana, formerly a Seua
tor, and at present a Representative of that
State. — Nat. Intel, of Saturday.
Ark thkrs any Disunionists?—Now for
ourselves we do not think there is a single dis
unionist, in the whole South—no, not even in
South Carolina, according to the original and
proper signification of that word.— Eutaw De
mocrat.
“I see but one course left for the peace and salva
tion of the South— a dissolution of the Union. —
Rhett's Charleston Speech.
Machinery for Washing Dishes.— Mr. Joel
Houghton, of Ogden, New York, has invented
a rrachine for Washing dishes, so as “to save
the women folks a deal of trouble.” The
dishes are placed in a rack and .set upright,
when it is carried to a vessel containing water
and a little soap, and by turning a crank, the
dishes are whirled in great style to remove all
the dirt. The unclean water is then drawn off
and replaced by clean boiling water, and the
crank again turned a few seconds. The dishes
are then clean and can remain in the rack,
which obviates the repeated haudling of dish
es.
About two years ago one of uur subscribers
invented a very ingenious machine for washing
the floor All that was necessery to be done
to it,was to turn the handle, move it every
square yard and supply it with clean water.
By turning the handle it scrubbed the floor,
wiped it up and wrung out the cloth. It had
a spring, a drum with a cord in it, and a few
levers peculiarly combined and worked by
cranks, all operated by a handle revolving a
wheel.— Scientific American.
Unity or rar Human Racks.—The Chris
tian Examiner contains a long article by Pro
fessor Agassiz, on this much mooted question.
The Professor, in this article, wbieb fills about
thirty-five pages, anuounces his full belief in
the essential unity of mankind—the unity of
species : but denies that they had a common
origin—that they sprang from the one pair,
whom God created and placed in tbe Garden
of Eden. He supposes that the Bible account
relates to the branches of the white race only.
He believes that the different races of men
which now exist in different portions of the
globe were not made to differ as they now do
merely by the influences of climate and other
external circumstances, but were originally
created substantially as they now appear, and
in the different localities in which they are now
found ; or, in other words, that there were
in the beginning at least as many distinct crea
tions of men and women as there are distinct
races of men in the world. He illustrates this
position by reference to the fact that there are
in different regions of the globe, wild animals
of tbe same genus, which so nearly resemble
each other as to show their general relation
ship, while yet there are such differences ap
parent as to show they are not identical in their
origin: and he finds no more difficulty in sup
posing that the different races of men were cre
ated in the different regions of the earth new
occupied by them, than that the wild animals
or the fishes were created In tbe regions which
they occupy, and were not the product of a
single pair of each kind, whose offspring baa
gradually spread abroad over tbe earth and be
come somewhat varied by the influence of di-
mate, Ac.
• The protracted beat of the season has driven
r thousands of persons from the cities to the
i various watering places and summer resorts,
j Saratoga is overflowing full, and it is said that
> on the 28th ult. no less than 1180 persons dined
at the U. 8 Hotel. There were some 5000
visitors in the village. Cape May—destined
> to become the greatest resort in the Union —
i has its 6000 visiters. Newport is also full,
i The Virginia Springs have as many guests as
i they can accommodate —the White Sulphur
alone having between 500 and 600. The trav
el from the South to the North of late has been
very active, and the hotels have had full em
ployment.—Balt. Amcriam.
The ‘Southern Cultivator,' now in its eighth
year, published at Augusta, Georgia, at the
very low rate of one dollar per annum, is one'of
the neatest, cheapest and best works of the kind
printed in the United States. We don’t see
how a Southern planter can get along without
the aid of this valuable monthly guide. Al
though confined in the limits of a small coun
try village and only tilling sufficient ground to
raise vegetables for our own use, we would
not positively dispense with the information
gained during the course of a year for ten
times the amount of subscription.— Misnstipjn
lt *g- _________
3au Occurrence. A little boy, about
eighteen months old. the son of Mr. Janes
G. Patterson, of Wilkes county, was poi
soned on Tuesday last, by taking cobalt
that had been prepared by the family to de
stroy dies, and inadvertently left in its way.—
The usual distressing symptoms of poisoning
ensued, and the little sufferer expired after a
lapse of about three hours. Teo much pre
caution cannot be taken in tbo use of such
agents, and. indeed, it would be beat in fami- 1
lies where there are children, to abandon their 1
use altogether.— Ifoshvegtoa Gazette, Sth iesr J
Port or Sas Francisco. —There were in I
all five bundred and thirty v ease lx of all class- <
es, in the port of San Francisco en the first of ,
July, and about one hundred more at Benicia,
and Stockton. *
•
THETOKn
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
BY WILLIAM S. JONES.
TWO DOLLARS PER AKHUMi
INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
DAILY, TRI-WEEKLY & WEEKLY.
Officein Railroad Bank Buddings-
DAILY PAPER,perannum <MQlbr mail.) ® 7 00
WEEKLY PAPER “ 2 00
WEDNESDAY KOR!t INO , AUGUSU 14.
Mail Irregularities.
i In reply to the following complaint of the
non reception of our papers at the proper time,
we can only express our entire inability to ex
. plain or solve the mystery. Perhaps the Post
■ Master at the Ninety mile station can throw some
1 light on the subject. Will he inform the Post
’ Master at Oconee how the delay occurs 1
| Oconsc, Ga., Aug. 10th, 1850.
Dbak Sir . —I am requested by your subscribers
, at this office, to inform you that they seldom ever re
" ceive their papers till Saturday and sometimes not till
' Sunday evenings. They wish to know what can
3 be the cause of the delay, as it is a direct route from
1 Augusta here; and as they we published on Wed
t nesdays, they should arrive here on Thursday even
s inge. They should come directly from Augusta to
, the Ninety Mile Station, Central Railroad, and
s thence right here, (this beieg the Fourteenth Sta
f lion.) 1 hope you will have this matter attended to,
I so that your subscribers can get their papers in due
r time. Yours, respectfully,
Tros. N. Vinino, P. M. Oconee, Ga.
The Preaident’s Message.
This important document, (a Telegraphic
notice of which was published yesterday,) on
f the subject of the difficuhies growing out of
the boundary question of New Mexico and
d Texas, will be found among the proceeding g
of Congress reported paper. It is a
e plain statesmanlike in
• . in
W*‘ ml
Executive in such an eajergaucy as that an
ticipated, and breathes throughout an earnest
devotion to the preservation of harmony and
the Union. While we admire its inild and
conciliatory tone, we cannot withhold our ap
probation of its manliness and firmness; and
with all our devotion to State rights, we are
prepared to defend its positions.
We have regarded the position of Texas,
however just her claim, as unwise and ill
advised—wanting in good faith to the Union,
and productive of evil consequences if perse
vered in. It is to be hoped, however, that the
present position of affairs will impress upon
Congress the urgent necessity of prompt ac
tion and an amicable, fair and liberal adjust
ment of the question, to the end that a collision
may be avoided, and harmony restored to the
country.
The Messags is accompanied by the letter of
Gov. Beall, which called it forth, and a very
. able reply from the Secretary of State, which
is marked by all the power and ability which
characterise the State papers of Mr. Webster.
These will be given to-morrow,
The Texas BUI.
The following is the Bill of Mr. Pearce, for
the settlement of the Texas boundary, as it
passed the Senate:
A BILL
Proposino to 'he State of Texas the establishment
of her northern and western boundaries, the relin
quishment by the said State of all territory claimed
by her exterior to said boundaries, and of all her
claims upon the United States.
Be it enacted, &c., That the following propositions
shall be and the same hereby are offered to the State
of Texas, which, when agreed to by the said State,
in an act passed by the General Assembly, shall be
binding and obligatory upon the United States and
upon the said State of Texas. Provided, That the
1 said agreement by the said General Assembly shall
be given on or before the Ist day of December, 1850.
. First. The State of Texas will agree that her
i boundary on the north shall commence at the point
at which the meridian of one hundred degrees west
, from Greenwich is interseeled by the parallel of thir
' ly-six degrees and thirty minutes north latitude,
, and shall run from said point due west to the meri
dian of one hundred and three degrees west from
' Greenwich; thence her boundary shall run due south
1 to the thirty-second degree of north latitude; thence
1 on the said parallel of thirty-two degrees of north la-
I* titude to the Rio Bravo del Norte ; and thence with
the channel of said river to the Gulf of Mexico.
i Second. The State of Texas cedes to the United
t States all her claim to territory exterior to the limits
f and boundaries which she agrees to establish by the
[ first article of this agreement.
Third. The State of Texas relinquishes al! claim
' upon the United States for liability of the debts of
' Texas, and for compensation or indemnity for the
■ surrender to the United States of her ships, forts, ar-
I senale, eustom-bouses, custom-house revenue, arms
i and munitions of war, and public buildings, with
their sites, which becamethe property of the United
States at the time of annexation.
Fourth. The United States, in consideration of
I said establishment of boundaries, cession of claim to
. territory, and relinquishment of claims, will pay to
, the State of Texas the stun of ten millions of dollars
■" --I'-t-' 'x-.ri: r.J-- .
5- pkywiywffyw'fr WfiiMyui
e States.
'• Fifth. Immediately after the President of the
United States shall have been furnished with an ao
’ lhentio copy of the act of the General Assembly of
" Texas, accepting these propositions, he shall cause
I- the stock to be issued in favor of the State of Texas
as provided for in the fourth article of ibis agree
t mem. Provided, That no more than five millions
of said slock shall be issued until the creditors of
the State holding bonds and other certificates of stock
r of Texas for which duties on imports were specially
pledged, shall first file at the Treasury of the Uni
ted States releases of all claim against the United
. Slates for or on account of said bonds or certificates,
in such form aa shall be preserved by the Secretary
of the Treasury, and approved by the President of
the United States. Provided, also, That nothing
- herein contained shall be construed to impair or qual-
- fy any thing contained in the third article of the se
cond section of the joint resolution for annexing Tex
as to tbe United States, approved March Ist, 1845,
I either as regards the number of States that may
I hereafter be formed out of the State of Texas or oth
-3 erwise.
9 “ The Nashville Convention was composed of as
' devoted friends of the Union, as can be found any
' where. — Federal Union.
I Tax same paper from which the above seu
f tencu was extracted, contained Mr. Rhktt’s
> treasonable speech. What a special regard
’ for truth a journal must possess that could ut
’ ter such a sentiment, knowing tbe opinions of
Mr. Rhktt, and other South Carolina dele-
1 gates to the Nashville Convention, who openly
; advocate disunion ai a measure of expediency
and positive advantsge to the South T Vera
city is a rare commodity in the conduct of some
, journals we wot of.
The Uses of Okra.
| Thosk who are accustomed daily to luxuri
ate upon the delicioui soups and viands, pre
, pared from thia vegetable, will be surprised to
- learn the numerous sees to which it is likely to
be appropriated, since the discoveries made
t known by tbe intelligent correspondent “Nota
i Bknk,” of the Concordia Intelligencer :
NkwOblbans, Ju)y22d, 1850.
1 In one of my sometime last year I stated
, that the common okra pbrnt had been ascertained to
be an admirable article tor fattening sheep, and thu
they prefered it to any Mhcr food, greedily devouring
first the leaves and Iwip, tbm the sulks, and finallv
the roots. There is ns plant if properly cultivated,
that will yield more lucculent forage to tbe acre
The seeds it is well known, when parched and
ground make a beuer tubstitute for coffee than eithei
of the numerous articlsi used in ths adukeration ol
that berry, and when carefully prepared is really
superior to new Havana <w Rio. 1 now send you
some tow, and a specimen of twine, made from the
filaments of the okra sulk by Mr. Jean Blanc, an
ingenious Frenchman who has applied for a patent tor
bis discovery, and the machinery to put it in practice.
He subjects lhe green sulk to tbe process ol dew or
water rotting. It requires a much shorter time for
maceration than hemp; and from it be produces a
thread stronger than tbe Manilla grass, and admira
bly adapted for twine, cordage, cables, man, seines,
carpeting, bed-sacking. chair bottoms, and even for
clothing, like those beautiful grass fabrics which were
in vogue some years ago fur gentlemen's pants, and
which, I believe, in some “questionable shape” the
ladies still patronise. Please exhibit these specimens
to those who IfosK-thst ye-rr- meridian can grow
nothing but cotton, and who scout tbe idea that any
thing worth buying can "be produced at home. lam
happy to inform you that Mr. Blanc has conducted
his experimenu under the patronage of one of the
most liberal and practical mercbanu in this commu
nity, Col. Maunsel White, who entertains no doubt
of tbe success of the manufacture.
Amkrican Stiamkks.—The New York cor
respondent of the Philadelphia Inquirer, under
data of Ist inst. writes : I paid a visit this af
ternoon to lhe splendid steamships Baltic and
Artic, tbe third and fourth of the Collins’ line
of New York and Liverpool steamers. They
will both be ready to take their places in the
line about the first of October next. They
are being decorated in the same style of magni
ficence as lhe Atlantic and Pacific, which ves
sels, as you are aware, have created quite a
commotion in the old world as well as m the
new, for their speed and comfort.
Disunion.—The following eloquent passage
is an extract from tbe oration of Judge Levi
Woodbury, delivered at Portsmouth, New
Hampshire, on the 4th of July :
There lurks a serpent in the paths of our political
paradise. It is disunion. It is not that the bands
are likely to be suddenly cut or torn asunder by vio
lence—but wbal will 'bey be worth if neglected, de
cayed, and allowed to perish by omission of dynes
and of the compromising temper by which tbe Union
was founded, and can alone be preserved I I stand
not here on this occasion as tbe censor of any politi
cal party or section, bnt as a friend to the constitu
tion and the Union against all and every aggrassiou
la spirit or deed. If the bonds of a common lan
guage, a common religion, a common country, a
common government, and all lhe great common glo
ries of tbe last century, cannot make us conciliatory
and kind —cannot make all sides forgive and forget
something—cannot persuade some to sacrifice even,
if necessary to hold us together, force is as un profit -
ble to accomplish it as fratricide iota perp* note pence
in a common filßxily.
A Sinuular Cask Camilla Donnarumma,
after being confined three months in jail in
New York, has been sentenced to three
months imprisonment, for marrying a young
girl under 14 years of age. He was married
on the 6th of April, and was arrested on the
10th The poor fellow is a foreigner, and
was unacquainted with ths law of th* SUU*
Bathe Yourselves.
A contemporary (we forget who) has moat
truly said the neglect to bathe is “inexcusable,”
whether we consult comfort, health or luxury.
Indeed there can be no greater luxury in this
excessively warm weather than the invigorat
ing, health-giving cold bath, and it should be
resorted to daily, once if not oftener, by every
individual who would consult health or com
fort.
It is the work of only a few minutes, if there
is no bathing house near, when you first rise
in the morning and again when you retire at
night to step into a tub of cold water eight to
ten inches deep, having a bowl well filled be
fore you, and with a linen towel (we think it
preferable to the sponge,) made perfectly wet,
give yourself a most agreeable and refreshing
bath. It secures cleanliness, promotes health
and adds very much to one's comfort, and no
one who desires either should neglect its per
formance. Try it for three days or a week,
and our word for it you will not require to be
urged to it afterward.
No Excuse.—Our farmers never forget the barn,
the corn crib, nor the spring house : but a bath room
quite necessary to the comfort and health of their
house-holds, rarely enters into the calculation. Even
when it is impossible to conveys sufficient supply of
the element directly into the house, a sponge and
plentiful buckets of water, will be found to answer
the purpose admirably, where the bath is unattain
able. No person is excusable for neglecting a daily
ablution with the common 'wash-bowl and pitcher’
apparatus within the reach of all. The only ob
jection that can be urged against this healthful prac
tice, is prompted by indolence —a cowardly shrink
ing from the trouble, and mayhap, of the first plunge.
But this grows less and less; habit steps in to aid us,
and by rising a few minutes earlier, the busiest man
or woman may secure the necessary time.
Id the cities and some of the villages the
presence of bath houses precludes the neces
sity of this mode ; it need only be resorted to
therefore where the luxury of a bath-house is
unknown. The planters and their families
should by no means neglect it, and we assure
many of their wives and daughters, that it
hue/p*
w lß ,' # Wotf uriLySigli 1 ill
of its power to impart vigor and strength to
the systems of those who stiffer from lassitude.
New Books.
Lira and Letters of Thomas Campbell, by
Dr. Beattie ; 2 Vola. Bvo., Harper & Brothers.
Whatever relates to the life, or serves to il
lustrate the character of the immortal Scotch
bard, cannot fail to interest deeply his admirers
throughout the civilized world, and they will
feel greatly obliged to Dr. Beattie for his la
bor in collecting, and his success in arranging,
the materials of the work so as to make it a most
readable and highly entertaining book.
It would indeed be a work of supererogation
to speak on this occasion of his merits as a
poet, The world has already passed its irre
vocable verdict, and we have no disposition to
question its justice. With his life and charac
ter, as illustrated in his social relations and pri
vate correspondence, they are not so familiar,
and this vacuum has been most successfully
filled by the labors of Dr. Beattie. The
work is for sale by T. Richards & Son.
Sketches of Moral Philosophy, by the Rev.
Sidney Smith ; 1 Vol., Svo., Harper & Brothers.
This is a series of Lectures, delivered by the
distinguished author before the Royal Institu
tion, near fifty years ago, ere he had acquired that
reputation which so pre-eminently distinguish
ed him in after life, and which is now first pub
lished. The name of the author is quite a suf
ficient guaranty of the originality, power and
instructive character of the Lecture. Rich
ards & Son.
Gibbons’ Rome, by Milman; Harper & Bro
thers.
The 4th Volume of this valuable standard
work has been laid upon our table, of the me
rits of which we have before spoken in terms
of high commendation. It may be had of T.
Richards & Son.
Harper's New Monthly Magazine for
August, is a most capital number, equaling in
1 variety and interest either of its predecessors.
It is the prince of Magazines. T. Richards
i & Son.
“Blackwood,” for July, is a most capital
number. This is one of the few, the very few,
Magazines that seems not to grow feeble with
r the accumulation of years. On the contrary,
it is as vigorous, powerful, profound, grave,
gay, sagacious, rhetorical, elegant and tart, as
in its early manhood; and as the number be-
I fore us commences a new volume, it is an ad
, mirable time for new subscribers 'o enrol their
, names upon its long list of friends. J. A. Mil
> len, Agent.
rtt . . vta • •
'a »• T»r Farmvr’s fioint to SctvwTivrn Agri-
J. A. Millen.
e —_ __
i- Ice,—We would refer the reader to Mr.
Deas s advertisement, in another column, on
, this subject.
s We acknowledge the receipt of a basket of
,f delicious peaches, from Mr. R. A. Rain,
* grown in bis garden on the Sand Hills, for
. which he has our thanks.
1
J A terrible affliction has recently fallen on the
,f family of ex-Governor Clarke, of lowa. With
’ in a few days of each other, nearly the entire
' family were swept off by the cholera. The
. wife and daughter of Gov. C. were the first
< victims, then various members of his family,
and finally Gov. C. was attacked himself, and
died after a few hours illness. This sad dis
a pensation falls heavily upon Senator Dodge,
r of lowa, whose daughter was the lamented
wife of Gov. Clarke.
s A New Cement.
1 The Montgomery Advertiser contains the
- following noticeofa new and valuable Cement
f discovered and prepared by Mr. Remington
of Bridge Notoriety. If the Advertiser is not
r deceived as to its properties it will prove a
r most valuable discovery.
Remington Cement.—We witnessed a few
> days since some very extraordinary results
from a few of the most simple and cheap in
gredients—the most important being common
sand. We saw them mixed before our eyes
in two or three minutes, and spread, or rather
poured upon the roof of a house, where, in
-a few hours, it became hard—so perfectly so,
, in a couple of days, that it could be with great
( difficulty broken even with the severest blow
of an axe. We suppose it would not be
> doing justice to the inventor or discoverer to
, mention the ingredients, but we may say that
they are very cheap, vastly abundant in almost
every locality throughout the United Slates,
and the process or rationale so perfectly simple,
, that a child could make the mixture, it requir-
11, tint Ik ~ Innot al.■ II I , !
a ing not the least skill. It is perfectly imper
g vious to water, slightly elastic, and a non con
y ductor of electricity—three qualities or pro
1, perties which render it peculiarly fitted to the
•. objects for which it was intended by the inven
d tor or discoverer, viz: the covering of houses,
■r fences, &c .
,r Mr. Remington thinks its durability equal to
S' that of granite. It is certainly quite as diffi
“ cult to separate after being exposed two or
n three days to the air, as we ourselves have
, seen tried, by the blows of an axe. The cover
ing for houses will be less expensive than that
r of wood, and its use for fences will, perhaps,
r be but slightly more so.
» One or two houses have already been cov
• ered with it in our city, and others have been
i contracted for. As to cohesive and adhesive
' qualities, and its imperviousness to water, and
j its cheapness, there can be no doubt; and if
g its durability is as great as is claimed for it by
' the inventor, then it is one of the most im
, porlSßt and useful discoveriee of the age,
• ■ ---t* '
■ In Michioan—now one ofthe greatest wheat
, growing States in the Union—the recent crop
. has been very abundant. The Detroit Adver
-1 tiler says:
The harvest is over—the prospect of Michi
. gan for a fall treasury from her late golden
fields, is placed beyond a peradventure. The
surplus wheat from this Slate will, in the opin
ion of experienced farmers and millers, double
[ that of any preceding year. This may seem
, extravagant; but not a few men whose judg
ment is deemed valuable, express that opinion.
The quality of the berry is, in general, excel
i lent; and the yield of Hour will be also large in
proportion Coro has recuperated wonder
fully within thirty days, and now bids fair to
yield handsomely. The fears which were pro
duced by the drouth of May and the early part
of June have thus been happily dissipated.
Meeting in Upson.
A Meeting of the people of Upson county
has been held to take into consideration the
question of the day. Free discussion was had
and resolutions were offered by both parties.
Those sustaining the Clay Compromise were
adopted by a majority of more than two to one
by actual count.
O. C. Gibson, Esq., a Nashville Convention
delegate, has therefore been repudiated by the
citizens ol his own county. We presume be
begins to have a faint inkling of how well he
represented the people of that Congressional
District.
So much for the intelligence and conserva
tism of the good citizens of Upson.
Meeting in Hisnr.—We have not as yet
received the official proceedings of the meeting
held in Henry county on Tneeday, but we
learn from a gentleman who was present, that
some 80 or 100 persons were in attendance—
that R. M Stell, Esq., offered resolutions rati
fying the proceedings ofthe Nashville Conven
tion. They were opposed by L. J. Glenn.
Esq., who offered resolu ions in favor of the
adjustment proposed by the Committee of 13.
After debate on both sides, a vote was taken,
and but thirteen mon ,votod for the Nashville
Platform.— imfrn WMq
The Q,ue3tlon Settled.
In a long course of Editorial life, says the Nat.
Intelligencer ofSaturday.it hasseldom fallen to
our lot to enjoy a greater pleasure, in announ
cings public event, than we experience to day
in announcing that which, if we could, we
would spread over the whole country in a
breath, the passage through the Senate of the
Bill to settle the Texan Boundary Question.
Considering this the most difficult of all the
qustions growing out ofonr Mexican acquisi
tions, and its adjustment as decisive of the ear
ly settlement of the remaining points of con
troversy, we confess to the uncommon degree
of joy with which it fills us. Hail Liberty and
Union and Domestic Peace I Hail Liberty
and Union and every great interest of the
country. Hail the return of the Government
from its long aberration back to itsjust sphere
of action and usefulness
Our firstfeeling is certainly one of thankful-
ness to Providence for this important first step
in the restoration of National harmony. Our
next sentiment is one of high respect and grati
tude towards those who have persevered with
such unflinching resolution through this most
trying struggle oflhe last six months, " unse
duced,” “unterrified.” They have encoun
tered great responsibility, and they have en
countered it cheerfully ; they have made great
personal sacrifices—at least some of them—and
they have made such sacrifices promptly, and
with entire disregard of personal consequences.
Distant, far distant be the day, when such pa
triotic efforts, sustained by eueh extraordinary
ability and energy, will be forgotten by the
people of the United S ates.
We do not undertake to recite the precise
terms of the healing measure which has now
passed, for we do not yet know them ; and, in
truth, we do not care to know them. It is
enough for us that the bill was carried by
three-fifths of the votes of the Senate, confined
to no section or party.
i It is a happy circumstance that the bill was
so wisely framed and matured as to subdue so
1 many sectional prejudices and harmonize so
i many conflicting views; and we heartily con
-1 gratulate Mr- Pearce on the success which has
J, crowned bis efforts. We feel justified also in
e?<w<u.znulati>iehhe friendaof'he Administration
i<4.~i2! 1u ■ u uit'i iis a.. o i ruea a tnislr ai> u u
If' th‘i t'" t h i *P e e d>;■
Sallowed and conciliatory recommen- ®
elation of the President to Congress on this per*
plexing and menacing subject*
It now only remains that tho great popular
branch of the Legislature should follow up this
noble work and complete it. We confi
dently trust they will do so. We fully believe
that in a few days we shall be able to announce
that this and other healing measures have be
come laws. That is the consummation most
devoutly to be wished. Then, indeed, would
this great and glorious Republic be once more.
“ Whole as the marble, founded as the rock,
As broad and general as the casing air.”
Morals of Mobile. —The City Court closed
its session a few days ago, and the Advertiser
presents the following bill of morality, as the
result of its labors. This is pretty well for
Mobile, and in this progressive age, if she keep
on apace, she will ere long present a record of
crime and iniquity not surpassed by Philadel
phia, New York or Boston, those cities so dis
tinguished for refinement and morality :
“The first three days of the Court were consumed
in empannelling the Grand Jury and dieposing of
the civil business that was on the docket —the re
mainder of the term was mostly devoted to criminal
business. Os this there were twenty-three trials for
felonies —five of which were acquitted, or found
guilty of less offences, and the remaining eighteen
1 resulted in conations, to wit:
“ Felix, a slave, charged with murder, sentenced
to death; John Syme, burglary, sentenced to Peni
tentiary 7 years ; William Smith, burglary, 6; John
Morgan, horsestealing, 5; James Higgins, robbery,
11; John Wilson, robbery, 10; John Nelson, larce
ny in store, 6; Andrew Munrce, do., 3 ; John Aus
tin, do., 3; William Smith, larceny in dwelling, 3;
Charles Yorke, do., 3; Daniel Neal, do., 3 years 6
months; Charles Mitchell, grand larceny, 2; Wm.
Allen, do.. 3 ; Wm. Barrett, do., 4 ; Henry Maxon,
murder 2d degree, 15; Bradford King, fabricating
papers to aid a slave to escape from the State, 5;
• John Nugent, abuse of a child under the age of ten
years, sentenced for life.
“There were thirty-nine convictions for misde
meanors. Two Grand Juries were empanneled, one
sitting twelve and the other tour days, making six
i teen days. There was a Petit Jury but eighteen days,
although the court remained open thirty-seven.
“Os the convicts charged with felonies, it is but
justice to the city and county of Mobile to say, that
they were all transient persons, except Nugent and
• Austin ; Felix had been here but a short time. The
misdemeanors were mostly of a minor grade —the
1 only one of consequence was that of William Glenn,
for an attempt to commit burglary.”
We learn from the Minutes of the Georgia
Baptist Convention, held in Marietta in May
I last, that there are, of that denomination, in the
, State, 1,132 Churches, 69,869 Members, and
i that the total amount contributed for Missions
, last year, was slO,lßl 86.
, Georgia.—The people of the State of Geor-
. gia have good and sufficient cause, says the
Mobile Advertiser for exultation, in view of
r their iron mines, gold mines, cotton factories,
cotton crop, general improvement, education
al advantages and general prosperity. Well
may the Recorder ask, “Who would leave
Ci« nia wArxs on*"car ce. else }" It is a rare
’ ~ a \ o
to a new country. Emigrants may be met
from all the other States east of ujr; but it is a
rare circumstance to meet a family from Geor
gia. Her citizens are contented at home. By
diversifying her labor, developing her varied
resources and drawing out her immense me
chanical power and mineral wealth, Georgia
has opened up to her people a future of such
promise as to fasten them with hooks of steel
to the soil upon which they were born. She
has adopted a policy which every State south
of Mason and Dixon’s line should have acted
upon years ago. But it too late, and
we trust to see a like policy engrafted upon the
legislation of Alabama. Aawry fair beginning
was made during the session qf the last Legis
lature. but that body stopped short of what
should have been donds The .State should
have assisted, with her credit ana her money,
the two important liKee of railrosfl, the Mobile
and Ohio and the Alabama and Tennessee,
m a manner so effectual, that tne final comple
tion would have been insured within the com
ing three years. Georgia adopted a similar
policy, and we have before our eyes the re
sult. Thousands of citizens are annually leav
ing Alabama, who, had these lines of railroads
been completed and her vast mechanical pow
er and mineral wealth fully developed, would
never have dreamed of leaving her soil.
To secure a rapid increase of population, of
wealth, of comfort, of general prosperity and
intelligence, our labor and capital must be di
versified. Ifour citizens are to remainat home
contended and happy, we must add to the cul
ture of cotton, railroads cotton, factories, iron
forges and fondries, coal mines, &c.. &c,
thereby giving all profitable employment and
adequate compensation for their labor. The
Georgia papers are fully justified in shouting
—Hurrah for Georgia! Hear the Milledgeville
Recorder :
“From a table of the Railroads of the United
States, we notice that the total miles of rail
road is 7,677, and that Georgia is the third
State in extent of this improvement. New
York is first, having 1,306 miles of railroad,
Massachusetts second, having 655. Pennsyl
vania comes next, having 613—and so on.
’• Hurrah for Georgia. She lias more Colleges
- and more students attending them than any
- other Southern State, more manufactures of
e various kinds, more railroad, and will soon
- have more plankroad than any other. She is
i, the largest coUon grower, and has generally
more varied resources, mineral wealth, natnral
> mechanical power, variety of product, and all
- else to promote the prosperity of her people
r and her own greatness, than any other coun
i try in the world. Who would leave Geor
gia for anywhere else ? Who will be rash
t enough to mar her onward progress—her on
, ward greatness !"
Western Enterprise.—A line of mail eta
' gee has been organized, to ply between Inde-
I pendence and Santa Fe, and went into opera
r tion on the Ist of July. Two stages leave In
dependence on the Istofevery month. The
Independence Commonwealth thus describee
their equipment:
The stages are each capable of conveying
eight passengers. The bodies are beautifully
painted, and made water-tight, with a view
of using them as boats in ferrying streams.
The team consists of six mules to each coach.
The mail is guarded by eight men, armed as
follows: Each man has at his side, strapped
up in the stage, one of Colt’s revolving rifles;
in a holster below, one of Colt’s long revolving
pistols, and in his belt a small Colt revolver,
besides a hunting knife—so that these eight
men are prepared, in case of attack, to dis
charge one hundred and thirty-six shots without
stopping to load.
U. S. Mint.—The Philadelphia papers have
the following particulars of the operations oi
the Mint. The total amount of California gold
received thus far at the Philadelphia Mint, and
at the New Orleans Mint, is $20,934,310:
Gold depositee received is July, 1850, *260,000 00
Gold coinage same period 1,927,835 00
Silver depositee same period 40,837 14
Silver coinage same period 24,350 06
Copper coinage same period■ ■ 1,236 03
Amount of gold deoosites received in
185013,771,210 81
A mount of gold coinage lor 185012,669,466 50
Amount of silver depositee received in
1850 286,342 62
Amount of silver coinage rec’d in 1850, 224,037 14
“ copper coinage “ “ 8,183 90
Total amount of California gold receiv-
ed at Philadelphia Mint 18.350,009 00
Ditto al Branch Mint, New Orleans..
A project is now on foot for the establish
ment of a spacious Zoological and Botanical
Garden near the city of New York, immedi
ately on die banks of the Hudson river. A
plan has been drawn up by Mr. Audubon, a
son of the eminent ornithologist—the seme
who lately made an overland journey to Cali
fornia. The lot chosen for the garden con
tains about twenty acres, which is about a
third larger than the London Zoological Gar
dens.
The Whigs of Maine have nominated Wm.
G. Crosby, Esq ,of Belfast, as their candidate ,
for Governor. The Democrats have nom- I
mated Governor Hubbard for re-election, <
V*
' Tax Statistics of Burke.
As the following communication of the Tax
Statistics of Burke county, reached us too late
forthe August number of the Cultivator, we
have concluded to give it a place first in the
Chronicle &. Sentinel.
Millen, Bukkb Co., Ga., Aug. 10, 1850.
Editor Cultivator, Augusta, Ga.:
Dbar Sib :—For the information of the citizens of
this county, and others who take an interest in such
matters, I send you a consolidated statement of the
Taxable Property of the county, together with the
amount of Tax for the present year.
Very respectfully, your ob’t. serv’t.,
Robert H. Gray, b. t. b. b. c.
Polls, (between 21 and 60 years,) 789
Slaves 10,127
| Free persons of color 31
Attorneys 6
Physicians 25
Acres 2d quality oak and hickory land-.-- 12,080
, Acres 3d “ “ “ “.-- . 326,386
Acres 3d “ river swamp 3,642
1 Acres pine lands 368,716
Value town lots $23,136 00
Value stock in trade $17,055 00
At Interest $411,485 00
Sulkies and Buggies 286
Rockaways and close Carriages 135
Stallions and Jacks 8
Amount of Stale Tax $6,353 5-5
Amount Default List ' 90 46*6
$6,443 52-1
County Tax, 25 per cent-. •. 1,610 88-0
38,054 40-1
Tax Statistics of Baker County.
The Receiver of Tax Returns for Baker
County, has furnished the Albany Patriot with
the following Tax Statistics of that county for
the present year:
White Polls 728
Slaves, 3,367
Professions, 21
Free Negroes, 2
Billiard Tables, * * * 1
Ist. qua), oak and hickory up land, acres,••• 20,000
2d “ “ “ “ “ 46,468
3d “ « “ “ “ 12,739
Ist “ river swamp, “ 775
' 2d “ “ “ “ 200
3d > •< « “ “ 100
1 Pine land, acres, 254,971
I Value ointown property, $61,225
i Value ol stock in trade. 27.8711
v B.iue siock m iraue,
rffihar--' —7*l •»• iju- •. —y •• • • 32,700 *.
mid sulkies, T 0 I
Rock®Ary«, coaebcs and close carriages,........ 36 |
Ferries, (value,) - $6,500 I
Stallions 3 I
Total amount of State Tax, $2,757 77. Default
Tax, sll3 65. County Tax, forty per cent, added
to the general Tax. School Tax, fifteen per cent,
added to the general Tax.
“723,” is the number of taxable white polls, or,
men between the ages of 21 and 60 years. The
white population is probably six times greater than
that number, or, 4368 ; giving a total population of
7,758.
Darby, Whig, is reported to be elected in
the 4lh Congressional district of Missouri.
S. A. Elliott has been nominated by the
Whigs of Boston to fill Mr. Winthrop’s va
cancy in the House of Representatives
Mr. Crittenden expects to reach Wash
ngton City about the 19th inst. to enter upon
this duties as Attorney General.
Health of Cincinnati. —During the late
month of July the total number of deaths at
Cincinnati, from all diseases, was 1629, of
which 775 were by cholera. The Cincinnati
Gazette says that the Irish population has suf
fered most from .tholera, and that the German
population, which is ten limes greater, has
been but little effected by it. Last year there
was a sweeping mortality among the Germans.
A steamship of 2,000 tons burthen, intended
to run between New York and Nicaragua in
connection with the American Atlantic and
Pacific Ship Canal Company’s line ofsteani
ships, was launched at New York on Saturday
afternoon. She is called the “ Prometheus,”
and is said to be one of the finest specimens of
naval architecture afloat.
The public reception of Gen. Jose Antonio
Paez, ex-President of the Venezuelan Re
public, took place at New York, on Friday af
ternoon, in accordance with previous an
nouncements. The military paraded in full
force, and made a most imposing display.
Various speeches were made on the occasion,
and everything passed off in the best spirit.
What our Neighbors think or us.—A
correspondent in the Wilkinson (Miss.)
Whig, thus notices our State :
“ Georgia is a great State. Its seven or
eight hundred miles of railroad are perva
ding the States with new life. For miles on
each side the influence is felt on the produc
tions of the country and the value of lands.
And furthermore, the moral influence of the
energy, promptness and punctuality of the
railroads and their agents throughout the
whole community is great and advantageous.
Villages spring up, new productive agents are
tried, new life fills the whole body social; the
men walk faster, talk less, loaf less, value time
more,keep engagements belter, &c., &c.”
» * -T>..r, -- . V • fr 1 At? M^ZSITE’W
History oftheßuena Vista tlagof Iruce
, t on the occasion of the death of the late Presi
dent Taylor, is one pronounced at Salem,
.. Mass., on the 18th instant by the Hon. C. W.
f Upham. It contains an accountofthe celebra
j ted flag of truce which, during the battle of
. Buena Vista, was sent from Santa Anna to
t Gen. Taylor; and as this account was derived
, from the lips of the late President, it is vera-
I cious in every respect, and hereafter will pass
, into history. The passage is as follows :
, As this incident of the battle may possibly
. if the secret history of the war is ever fully
1 revealed, be found to shed light upon it, I
I will here record the facts related to me by
> Gen. Taylor himself. During the height of
, the conflict a flag was seen approaching. The
’ emergencies of the day had so stript him of his
( staff, that, having no one to send, he went him-
I self to meet it. As the young officer who bore
it could not speak English, nor he Spanish,
’ the conference took place in French. The
communication was thia : “Gen. Santa Anna
desires to know what Gen. Taylor wants ?”
Feeling somewhat indignant that a measure so
apparently impertinentshould have been sent
at such a moment, and regarding it perhaps
as a device merely to gain time orsome other
illegitimate advantage, or at beet a species of
trifling, he gave an answer dictated by the feel
ing of the moment, “What Gen. Taylor wants
is Gen. Banta Anna’s army.”
Here the conference closed, and the Mexi
can officer withdrew. Upon a moment’s re
flection he regretted that he had given an an
swer so undiplomatic, and having so much the
air of a repartee. He called to mind the fact
that his government had advised him that they
had favored the return of Santa Anna to Mex
ico, from a belief that he was disposed to pro
mote, and might have influence enough with
his countrymen to effect a termination of the
war, and it occurred to him, really designed te
open the way for negotiation, and perhaps a
pacification—an object ever near to his heart.
He rode over the fields in Beach of Gen. Wool,
made known the circumstances to him, and
suggested, if not too great a personal exposure
the expediency of his carrying a flag of truce
to the Mexican lines to ask an explanation of
the message.
ig To send an officer of his rank, charactei
and position, would remove the indignity, ifil
j- should be so regarded of hie blunt and sum
mary answer. Gen. Wool readily and gallant
g ly undertook the service, and rode forth to ex
ecute it, but the fire of the Mexican batteries
I could not again be stopped, and no further par-
I ley took place. The next morning, when Col.
, Bliss was sent with a flag to the Mexican Head
Quarters, lie was requested to ascertain what
had been intended by the message of the pre
t vious day, but he found the state ofyhings such
as to render it vain to enter upon the subject
The import of the message remains unriddled
to this day. Santa Anna can undoubtedly
solve the enigma.
Mr. Upham, in the course of his address,
gives numerous anecdotes, exhibiting the late
- President’s courage and generosity. Among
. other instances of the display of these qualities
on the part of the deceased hero, he gives the
following;
’ In tha mMlversatiaa-fimMi which I darived
these interesting items of information, Gener-
, al Taylor described to me the anxious consul
: tations of the second night of the battle. His
officers eame to him, one after another, ex
pressing a decided opinion that his army was
too much broken to be brought up to the strug-
, gle another day. He declared to them his be
lief that, dreadfully as his forces had suffered,
the enemy had suffered worse : that retreat or
any other alternative was entirely out ofthe
question; that he had made bis arrangements
to present still a formidable front to the foe,
and all that remained for them was to make up
their minds to conquer or die together, if the
assault upon their position should be renewed,
with the returning light. “But,” said he, gen
tlemen, it will not be renewed. I surveyed the
whole field as the sun went down, and 1 believe
we have beaten the enemy.”
When the third day dawned, it was discov
ered that Santa Anna had fled from the ground'
General Taylor instantly ordered a tram of
wagons, provided with medical and other
means of relief, accompanied by surgeons from
hie own army, to follow on the track of the
Mexicans and administer to the wants of the
wounded and disabled whom they had aban
doned on their retreat. Upon some one’s ex
pressing a doubt whether such a use of die
public stores and wagons, for the benefit of
the enemy, would be allowed by the Depart
ment, Taylor cut the difficulty short, at once,
by saying, "Then I will pay the bill”—and to
provide for the contingency, he directed a sep
arate account to be kept of all that was expen
ded for the purpose.
The steamer Anthony Wayne has returned
to St Louis after another successful trip to the
wild waters of the Upper Mississippi. She
ascended to the mouth ofthe Blue Earth River,
a tributary of the SL Peters, and more than
two hundred miles distant from the juuction of
the Mississippi and St. Peters. The most re
markable feature in this trip is that the captain
of the A. W. has actually carried her two hun
dred miles up a stream, which, until a few
weeks since, was supposed to be entirely un
navjgable.
Havana. July 27.—The cholera is again ma
king great ravages here. The deaths lor seve
ral days past have exceeded sixty daily. The
Military Hospital has nearly six hundred pa
tients from the army alone. The troops are
be mg sent to the country again.—Correspon
dence Picayune
CorfHpondence of the Chronicle
JOTTINGS BY THE WAY--NO. 3.
Washingtom, July 30, 1850.
Mr. Editor:—You left me two days ago
asleep between Weldon and Petersburg; but I
have not slept all the time since. Indeed I
waked up just before we entered Petersburg
left the cars as soon as we reached the Depot
left my baggage to follow the check I had, and
walked at once over the river—about three
fourths of a mile—to find a seat on the Rich
mond cars. This I barely managed to do by
the kindness of an Augusta gentleman, and
had hard work to retain it. My baggage did
reach the cars, but had a narrow escape of be
ing left, as it was perhaps the last trunk put on
the last baggage wagon which came over. Not
so, however, with that of several of my fellow
passengers. The cars were now crowded,
every place for the storage of trunks was
crammed, the time for our departure bad ar
rived and the locomotive puffed away, leaving
at least two loads of baggage behind. This de
layed several passengers at Washington, who
wailed till their trunks reached them, which
they all did, I believe, the next day. Two
hours brought us to Richmond, and there we
must take a hasty breakfast, if we can get it,
in such a crowd, and then, entering the omni
bus be driven to the Depot, some half mile,
where we find the cars ready to leave for Aquia
Creek, at which place we are to take Steaui
-1 boat and ascend the Potomac to Washington
r City. We pass through a pretty country. It
does one good to see the broad, level, well
1 cultivated fields in the neighborhood of Fre
j dericksburg, and the rural habitations, surround-
2 ed by primeval oaks, which here and there
q crown the gentle hills. It suggests peace, quiet,
8 prosperity, the ingredients of happiness in a
® farmer’s life, “God made the country and
q man made the town,” is a line readily auggest
-0 ed to one, who has had an opportunity to com-
J pare the frivolity, and frequently the corrup
-5 tions, of an artificial city life, with the plain re-
11UMC; USS Ulkinwim • ......
! ptlblican simplicity and quiet, social «pd do
thestic pleasures rural home. Buffer am
offihe track.
Here is the Depot, and we now leave Rail
roads and their dust, and smoke, and unplea
sant oscillating vertical and horizontal jerkings
and eternal clatter. Here is a pleasant boat
and no baggage to be changed, for the baggage
crates, which brought our trunks on the Rail
road are wheeled on board the boat, aid the
baggage sorted and delivered up to,ns jnst be
fore we reach Washington. Here, too, is the
barber and water, and the gentlemen’s saloon,
and if your choose, you may make yourself
look like a gentleman, in exterior at least, be
fore you eat your dinner, provided always, you
can get your phiz under the barber's hand, in
so large a crowd of unshaven faces as we car
ried on the boat. Then you may set down to
a very well spread board, and as you have had
to eat against time for the last two days nearly,
you may make ample amends by sitting your
hour out.
Now we are ascending the Potomac, a beau
tiful sheet of water, for it is not a narrow mean
dering river, red with the wash from the hills,
as our Southern rivers are. On those hills,
where now the mansion reposes in the shade
of ancient trees; on those fields, where the
stubble is as yet but partially hid by the grow
ing clover; while the shocks of grain yet lie
about ungarnered, lurked and lodged the red
man, where Capt. John Smith (the original
John Smith) first ascended towards its moun
tain springs. There Opethlisco and Opecan
canough chased the wild deer and held their
councils of war, and rejoiced for victories won.
There Pocahontas, nature's young queen, the
mother of a race, before whose footsteps the sons
of her sires are to retreat to western wilds, or
to be brushed away as dew from the grass;
■ there she grew to womanhood, and not far
away, with a heroism unsurpassed in historic
times, offered her life to avoid the white man’s
doom. How changed the face of nature, and
not more surely have the forests yielded to the
woodman's sturdy stroke, than have they,
whose homes and temples were these forests,
melted away before the forester’s aggressive
. progress.
Why tolls that bell ? Yonder is Mount Ver
non, and 'tis a tribnte always paid by the pass
ing steamer to the memory of the illustrious
I Father of his country. Sleep on, great Hero,
surrounded by thy own fields, almost under the
shadow of thy own roof-tree. A nation vene
’ rates thy dust,’and the passer-by looks with
sealed lips upon the home of thy choice, seen
by scant glimpses through the trees, and won
ders when thy wisdom will return to his coun-
I try’s councils, and thy patriotism guide and
guard her destinies. May the Union never
want thy like, when the dark spirit of discord
threatens to overthrow that temple, the foun
dation of which were laid by thy pure hands.
But while I muse, the Capitol comes into
view. Washington lies before us. We draw
near, we debark, and well is it for us, if we
' are not run over by the back drivers, or con
signed to the Surgeon by collision with a trunk,
' which has taken to itself legs and is being walk
ed out. Thank goodness! we escape, and
having chosen a conveyance are very shortly
at the National Hotel. A bath, a good supper,
a bed, what' luxuries! You must permit me
to abandon myself to them for the present, so
goodnight. Yours, truly,
Peter Paragraph.
A- o—Sa, « . al
- Alexandria to drop a passenger, do not mistake
as some with us did, and step ashore believing
yourself at Washington City. You are some
miles off and on the wrong side of the river.
If you mistake, however, you will be left be
s fore you can retrace your steps. But run—
, run tor your fife ; yonder, two hundred yards
away, is the ferry boat—her steam on, she al
most whistling for a departure. Ruu, you’ll
* be in time, alas I two save their distance, one
i is left. Don't he feel awkward ? P. P.
Correspondence of the Chronicle Sf Sentinel,
Cassville, August 6th, 1850.
Mr. Editor :—From the bustle of a vast
. crowd of persons, the Superior Court for this
County, (Judge Hooper presiding,) being in
session, I have retired to give you a hasty
sketch of the country aud scenes, through
which I have been passing tor some weeks.
I first visited Roma, the Imperial Ciiy in mini
ature, where I hoped to have been refreshed
with the cool mountain breezes, but oh! what
disappointment, for of all hot places in this hot
summer, Rome is by far the hottest; indeed thia
up country is above your city in point of tem
perature; the Thermometer here has ranged for
several weeks from ninety to ninety-five de
grees. I heard the question asked by a distin
guished man of Floyd County, whether nr not
the passing of the South Carolina Delegates
through Cherokee, to the Nashville Conven
tion, was the cause of the present unpreceden
ted hot weather ? The query was not settled.
But speaking of Rome, it is quite a flourishing
“Little City,” and bids fair to become quite a
mart for the sale of produce and merchandize.
There are three good Hotels in the place.
I travelled from thenee up the Valley of the
Oostanaula River, a region of fine lands, to
Calhoun the county site of the new County
of Gordon. The Town has recently been laid
off, the lots sold, and judging from the noise
of bouse builders it will soon become a place
of some notoriety. The prospects for Crops
: r in all this region, a few neighborhoods excep
-11 ted, looks most gloomy from the long drought
'* —indeed unless rain comes soon, I doubt
' whether half crops will be realized in all
' Cherokee.
:a I hear much discussion in relation to the
l' settlement of the momentous question now
I' agitating the public mind, end if the views nf
d some were consummated, this great Republic
1 would be convulsed, and instead ol peace and
'* prosperity, anarchy and ruin reign trium
'* phant, and the land of Washington become
l . the theme for the jibes and jeers of the Mon
“ archists of all the earth ; yes, the day the Union
f of these States is destroyed, we enter a wilder
ness without a path, a murky cloud without a
’’ light. But it is to be hoped that there are but
6 few who desire so dire a calamity. I have
- mingled much with the people, and if my ob
-8 servatien is not greatly at fault, much the larger
B portion of the people without distinction of
, party, desire the question settled on the basis
*- of rhe pmupiuuiise reported by the Committee
the United States Senate.
I was some distance above here when the
’ news of the defeat of that measure was re
ceived Instantly universal gloom seemed to
' pervade every countenance. I heard exulta
tion from none, but regrets from many, with
the earnest inquiry “what now shall be done t”
’ But let us not “dispair of the Republic.”
r I find here in Cassville, the Bar numerously
attended, and the Cleik’s Docket well filled up,
' showing that Lawyers and Clients have no
idea of dissolving the union that binds them to
! getber. I may write again, if so, I will say
something in relation to Cassville, &c.
Yours, H.
! Death op Com. Jacob Jones.—Commodore
> Jacob Jones died in Philadelphia on Saturday
last, after a lingering illness. He stood nearly
- at the head of the list of post-captains, two
names (Coms. Barron and Stewart) only tak-
f ing precedence. Captain Jones was a native
■ of Delaware, and died in hia 83d year. He
i is one of the number who in the war of 1812
: contributed to establish the naval renown of
our country. He fought in the Wasp one of
• the bloodiest nayal battles in our history, and
- captured in 45 minutes the British brig of war
i Frolic of superior force, and under circum-
F stances highly unfavorable to success. For this
action the States of Delaware Massachusetts,
and New York, each voted him a sword in
commemoration of his gallantry, which was in
no wise impaired by the subsequent capture of
both the Wasp and the Frolic, when in acrip
pled condition, by a British 74. Com. Jones
was, but recently, Governor of the Naral Asy
lum, on the Schuylkill, of the command of
which be had been relieved previous to hie
death.
Commencement. —There is the usual con
course of strangers here. The weather,
heretofore hot and dusty, was rendered pleas
ant by a slight shower on Sunday evening,
and a good rain on Monday. The Sermon
was preached on Sabbath last by Rev. Mr.
Mallory, of LaGraoge—an admirable dis
course.
Monday evoniag the Sophomore Class de
claimed, and on Tuesday morning, after the
Junior exercises had concluded, the prize
medels were bestowed by Hon. A. H. Chap
pel, in an appropriate address. We can say
no more for the present, except that the first
£rize was awarded to David T. Singleton, of
lahlonega—aud the second to John J. Hales,
of Knoxville.—AfAsne BdWHr, B<A iasl,