Newspaper Page Text
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_ L . S t . .> v.-sels were sold in B azd '« be
delivered 0:1 the coh I of Africa, and by these
tDBSM theelevere succeeded in ge’t ng to Afri
ca under the American flag. Sailors were
■hen either obliged to navigate slavers home,
or remain to perish on the coast of Africa. For
this he recondite, ded as a remedy that no se ,
letters or authori.y l e given to any vessel ’o
trade between such ports and the cost el As
"'fie argued the squadron on the coast of Af
rica wss a great expense, and the lives and
heal h ofseatnen were exposed, arid very little
good resulted. He contended the true and
only effectual remedy for the suppression of
the slave trade was to colon ze the whole coast
of Africa, and thus cut the trade ofl at its
thteshold. He depicted the depraved condi
tion which free negroes would ever experience
i n this country, and pointed to the shores ot
Africa as the only place where they could ever
expect to enjoy a contented or happy exist
ence.
The petitions were then referred to the com
mittee on commerce.
Mr. Hale presented a petition from Mont
gomery county, Pennsylvania, praying the
immediate repeal of the Fugitive Slave Law.
He said tnat, alter the example of others, ho
would comment on the petition. He pro
Dounced the Fugitive Slave Law a reproach to
the aueof civilization, and a perfect parody on
the Constitution
Mr. Foote called to order. It was not in
order thus to speak ofthe legislation of Con
gress.
Mr. Rusk said, if speeches were allowed on
peiiiious. nothing could be done in the morn
ing hour.
The Chair decided that the Senator from
New Hampshire was in order.
Mr Footeaked if the Chair decided that the
Senator was out of order.
The Chair replied in the negative.
Mr. Foote said the Senator then was at lib
erty to denounce the legislation of Congress
as long as he pleased.
Mr. Hale said he would not go half as far as
the Senator from MiMHsippi did at last ses
sion upon the leg'slation of Congress in regard
to the public printer. He then proceeded to
reply to some remaks of Mr. Clay, when he
was again called to order, and the Chair sus
tained the point of order.
Mr W hit comb moved to lay the petition on
the table.
The yeas and nave were taken—before
vote was announced. Mr. Foote called he at
tention of the Chair to ihe fact that several
Senators were present who had nn T voted.
Mr. Yulee said he had not voted, and had a
reason for not doing so.
Mr. Foote insisted on the bill being engross
ed.
Mr Yulee, after much confession, &c., ob
tained leave to state as his reason for not vo
ting that there were resolutions p<tpli ng be
fore »he Legislature of FlTrida, instructing their
Senators not to vote on any question relating
to the Fugitive Slave Law.
Mr. Foote still insisted on the bill.
Mr. Yulee asked to be excused from voting.
Mr. Mangum asked for the yeas and nays
on excusing Mr. Yu'ee.
Mr. Hale aske J to be excused from voting
on the motion to excuse ths Senator from Flo
rida. The pr sent law was that all should
vote for the enforcement of the law or wait for
the “ higher law” from Florida.
Mr. Seward said he would vote for any one
who did not Jeeire to vote.
Mr. Foe te was surprised at the harmony be
tween the Senators from Florida and New
York on ihe general doc rine of higher law.
Mr. Berrien said the reason was not satisfac
lory. After further debate,
The Chair decided that it was not in order
at this lime to ask to be excused. Every one
should vote. He directed the Secretary to call
the Senator from Florida. Tne Secretary
called the name ol Mr. Yulee, but that gentle
man did not respond.
Mr. Winthrop sai«i that in the House the
practice had been to call a member, and if he
refused to vote it was a case for censure, to be
acted on after the vole was over.
Mr. Buller said he was in the !*ame position
as the Senator from Florida, be had not voted,
nor did he intend to vote.
The vote was then announced us follows:
Yeos.— Messrs. Atchison, Bell, Berrien, Borland,
Bradbury, Casa, Clay, Clemen’’, Davie, of Miss.,
Da won, Dickinson, Dodge, of lowa, Dough®-,
Downs, Fetch, Foote, Gwin Houston, Hunttr
Junes, King, M ngum, Ma on, Mor on, N »rris,
Pearc**, Phelps, Rhett, Shields, Soule, Spru
ance, Underwood, Wales, Whitcomb —35.
Nays — Messrs. Baldwin, Benton, Chase, Cooper,
Davis, of Mass., Day ton, Dodge, of Wi.< , Ewing.
Hale, Hamlin, Miller Seward, Smith, Upham,
Walker, Winthrop—l 6.
So the petition waslaid on the table.
Mr. Pearce presented Ihe memorial of Mr
Blacki-tone and others, members of the Con
stitutional Convention of Maryland, praving
that a contract may be entered into by the Gov
ernment with Wm. B. Clarke for the trans
portation of the mail from Baltimore and Nor
folk by steamers to some port in England.
After the petitions and reports, the Senate
to ’k up the bill to cede the public lands to the
8 sin which they lie, on certain conditions
Mr. Walker concluded his remarks in sup
port of the bill, after which ’he bill was post,
poned, and the Senate took up the French
spoliation bill The Senate then went into
executive session and shortly after adjourned
HOUSE.
The amendment proposed yesterday, just
prior to the committee rising, that the j ostage
on all paid letters shall be three cents and on
all unpaid letters, of less than half an ounce,
five cents ; and that no mail route or compen
sation to postmasters be discontinued in conse
quence of the pacing of the act, again caina
up. and was decided in the negative
Mr Brown, from Indiana, moved that tha
postage on all letters carried a distance less
than 300mi’es be thr»-e cents, and on ail letters
beyond thatdiwtanco* iu Uuih case..
less than half an ounce, five cents, and rhr
same for every mMirkwaJ naif ounce ; on al!
drop letters two cents ; which was negatived,
73 10 52
It was then proposed as an amend rent that
the postage under 300 miles should be then
cents ; over 500 miles and less than 1 000.
five cents, and over 1000, ten cents; which
was negatived, there appearing only thirty
eight in its favor.
Several other amendments were proposed,
either the same or similar to tho-e which were
voted upon yesterday, and were lost : among
which was one for eslanlUhing a uniform ra »•
of five cents, there being 60 for and 76
against it.
Mr. Potter of Ohio, moved a« an einend
■eul, that the pos’ago on a letter weighing
less than half an ounce, and so on in propor
tion, be three cents, and tnai no post route be
diocominued in consequence of the passing of
the art, which was carried, 91 to 70
The postage on newspapers was the next
subject of consideration, and various amend
ments to the scond sec.ion of the bill, were
proposed and negatived; among wh ch was
one authorising ihe circulation of papers of
950 square inches, throughout the United
States, upon prepayment of halt the usual
ra e of postage. The object was to pro
mote the circulation of papers published by
religious and benevolent societies, but in favor
of which only 41 members voted.
An amendment pending, that papers, when
circulated in (be county where published, or
within thirty miles of the place of publication,
be iransmi ted free of postage, was carried by
a vote of 70 to 46.
It was also agreed that fifty per cent, ot the
pos’ageon magazines and other periodicals be
remitted when postage shall have been pre
paid.
Adjourned.
IN SENATE Jam. 16
Mr Pearce presented the memorial of the
Clerks engaged in the Post Oilice in Balti
more City, asking an increase in compensa
tion.
Mr. Hunter presented the credentials of ihe
Hon James M Mason, Senator elect from
the State of Virginia, for six years from and
after March 4, 1851.
Mr. Seward presented six petitions from
New York and Pennsylvania praying the re
peal of the Fugitive Slave Law. which were
laid on the table.
Also petitions for the abolition of slavery in
the Territories ol Utah ami New Mexico, acd
in the District of Columbia, which were laid
on the table.
Mr. Pearce introduced a joint resolution in
relation to the distribution of the books of the
exp oring expedition, whicn wax ordered lu be
engrosst •.
Mr. Shields submitted a resolution calling
on foe President to communicate information
in respect to the proceedings of the British
agemsonthe coast of San Salvador, which,
alter d* bale, was agreed to.
Mr. Benton otfered a resolution, calling for
copies of all corresponderce between the
United States Government and the Spanuh
Minister, respecting the Couioy prisoners.
Laid over.
The bill providing for ascertaining and satis
fying the claims of American citizere for
spohat ons by the French was then taken up.
Mr. Smith addressed the Senate for two
hours in support of the bill, when, without
concluding he gave way to a motion to ad
journ, and the Senate adjourned.
HOUSE
The House resolved itself into committee
of the whole on the State < f the Union, and
again look up the postage bid.
The amendment proposed by Mr. Potter
yesterday, to the second section of te bid,
was then taken up, fixing rhe postage cu
newspapers, magazines, and other printed
mailable mailer,at one cent for the first two
ounces, and one cent for every additional
ounce in weight; and limiting the frw circu
lation of papers, ami the reduced rare of one
half on papersand magazines to those which
are sent from the oifi e where printed, io sub
scribers.
The amendment as amended being carried, ’
the ibirisection ol the bid was read, and Mr.
Potter moved an amendment, prescribing that
th three cent coin, for »he issue of which that
section provides, shall be composed of three
fourth’s of stiver ar d one-foimh of copper,
and chai such coin be a legal tender in pay
ment o I debt; which was carried after very
little discussion
The fout h ceetion of the b,I! wa, then
reed, reqninng the I’, stms.ter Genera!
provide the several Po»tma»>er* with lhr»-
cent .lamp, : and wa« fessed *Hk„ am.
meat, aurhorreir, a reduct-on to person, pui
cbasing to the amount of dollars *
Among the opponents was Mr Ph.lns . ’
Miseoun. who cm;:.need that he re» cnon of '
the amendment whi.h he a ivo< a ..i.’of a
of three cent* when prepaid aud fi.e c- •. J
when not prepaid, would create a deflcici ci
of the extent of which members had noc n !
cepiiun.
Mr. Swee xer.of Ohio, said that ahhouxh
ne had opp.w.d the r. ■ nc i..n whivli had b.. i
cartte.i yet he w uu |,t r Io ...
ortmn. i>..w ,hai the question had been deen . 4
hot would g,.e u. u v re ;
edr.re »e trean, ihe, .. k<
6cie. cy they contemp.ated io toe tir.t ostanre
nedthatibe bu-.m-.. O | th, post „„ S ,J
not be imerrupted stier the adjournment b»
Congreaa through want of fundal
T' e amendment oi Air. Phelps, to s ribo
ou’ SSOO 000 from tbo section under conside
ration was then negatived on a division of
82 to 39
During the consideration of this section an
amendment was introduced and lost, substitu
.envelopes for separate stamps; a* W,H
also another, aoolishing the franking privilege,
and providing that the postage on communi
cations received and sent by and from mem
bersof Congress, and public documents sent
by the public departments, shall be paid from
the contingent fund, or in the same manner as
the other expenses of those departments.
The next section, fixing a penaltv of five
years imprisonment, or a fine ol sooo, on all •
persons forging stamps or possessing forged ■
stamps, with intent to use the same, was then
pas-ed.
The sixth sec’ion. appropriating a sum, to
the extent of a million and a half of dollars,
to meet any temporary deficiency that may
arise from the operation of the act, as was
expected excited a wa m discussion, it being
contended that the Post Office Department
should be a self sustaining department, and
that the reduction of the rate of postage,
should not be made to an extent that would
interfere with that principle.
The section was passed, and the billcorrec*-
ed by adding the Word “Territory” after that i
of H Sta’e, n to comport with this decision.
An amendment was moved, authorizing the
establishment of offices ofdeposit and delivery
in the great cities of the Union, by which a
large amount of revenue could accrue to the
Post Office Department, and which is at pre
sent enjoyed by individual enterprise —the
charge for delivery not to exceed one or two
cents; and that if there be paid or advertised
letters, one cent each This was negatived.
The eighth section of the bill, which author
ized and required, w hen the receipts of the
Post-Office Department should exceed the ex
penditure to the extent of five per cent for ten
fiscal years, that the postage on letters should
be reduced from three cents, to two, was ne
gatived without a division.
Air. Phelps again called the attention of the
committee o the excessive remuneration pai<l
to Railroad Companies beyond what is charged
by them to Express Agents ; ami moved an
amendment restricting the amounts to be so
paid for the transmission of the mails in differ
ent class-cars ; which was lost
An .amendment wa« proposed by Mr Phelps
for striking out ihe enacting clause and fixing
a uniform rate of postage of five cen’s on let
ters altering that on newspapersand periodi
cals as already agreed to, defining the franking
privilege and prescribing punishment in case
of forgery.
Mr. Phelps attempted to explain his views,
butthe fall ofthe hammer of the chairman cut
short bis speech ; and a motion was reiterated
that the committee rise F which was 76j
to 73; and thj
IN SENATE Jam. 17.
The Chair laid before the Senate a report
from the Topographical Bureau on the sub
ject of the inundations of the Lower Mis
sissippi.
Mr. Hale moved that when the Senate ad
journ it adjourn (ill Alonday. After debate,
the motion wa> lost.
The clieir presented the credentials of the
Hon. Richard Brodhead Senator elect from
Pennsvlvama for six years from Alarch 4th,
1851.
Numerous petitions were presented.
Air. Gwin introduced a bi 1 ! creating a Board
of Commissioners to examine and pay the
claims against ihe United States growing out
of the coiique-t of California.
Air. Winthrop introduced a bill providing
for the appointment ot appraisers at
for other purpost a -
- Hunter submitted a resolution calling
upon the Secretary of the Treasury to report
to the Secretary the amount standing to ihe
credit of the United Stages at ihe end of the
last fiscal year, at each of the several deposito
ries of the Un ted States and the amount of
warrants issued prior to July 1. 1850. ou which
the drafts of the Treasury w»-re unpaid, &c.
Air. Ben on’s resolution ci’lling for copies of
correspondence re a?i ng to the Contoy pris
oners, and ihe invasion of Cuba, was taken up
and adopted
z\ resolution submitted by Mr. Downs fixing
Friday <»f each week for the consideration of
private bills, was taken up, debited and adop
ted.
Mr. Smith resumed and concluded hi re
marks on the bill providing for the ascertain
ment and pnvrneht of the ciaims of American
citizens for Spoliations by the French prior to
1801, after which,
'Fite Senate adjourned till Monday.
HOUSE
Immediately after the rea<iing of ihe Journals
Mr Potter moved that the House go into co •
mitteu of the whole for the purpose of taking
up the Post office bill
The amendment of Mr. Brown, of Indiana,
alluded to in the conclusion of yesterday's re
por'.br mistake attributed to Mr Phelps, > r as
the fi st subject of discussion ; and wa* met by
an amendmtn; proposed by one of the mem
bers from Connecticut, having for its object
to control the franking privilege of members
of Congress, and prevent their carrying on
correspondence for their own and party pur
poses, it the expense of the people, which was
lost without a division.
Air Evans,of Aid., moved as an amend
ment to that ot the member from Indiana,
that no free matter be carried through ihe
mail. Heetated that he did not expect, owing
10 the feeling displayed by in >3 in tie is on the
subject, iha*. his motion to abolish the franking
privilege would succeed ; but still he was de
birous of placing his sentiments on record, and
»o have a vote of the Committee on the sub
ject.
The question was taken, and negatived with
out a division
An amendment was then moved, giving to
the Post Alas’er General the power of ia
rrr»t*tr- ur dCCTCAiiny fflO MmpetiratioH to
On motion of Mr. Potier, of Ohio, the
Committee then rose ; and when the House
resumed, he moved the previous question,
which was carried and thus prevented ail f«tc-
11 HP debate
The clerk then read the bill as amended,
which had passed rhe committeo of winch the
following is the substance :
Section the frst provides that after the 20th June,
1851, the po-’nrfe on a I tier sent through th•; mail,
and not weighing more than I ass an ounce, shall be
three cent**; and the Fame fur every addiiional half
ou-iCe or fraction o| a half ounce ; that no office
or mail route, Until be discontinued; an! the com
pensation of no pos-tmaMer shall be diminished in
cun»»tq tence o» the pi ling n! the acf.
beciion the second fixes the po.-tii.e on newspapers,
mag zines aii<l other p A riodic ils and printed books,
at one cent f>rev ry newspaper, &c., weighing two
ounce* l , and an additiiMlal cent for every addiiimal
ounce, and that books weighing not • ver thirty ounces
be deemed mailable waller. It further provides, that
newspapers circulated within Ihe S’aie or Territory
where prin'ed, shall pay b tlfsuch postage, and when
mailed wnhin the county, or within thirty mdes of
the place where printed, sha'l circulate hce <d pos
tage, when scut to subscribers direct; and further
that when ihe p stage on magazines and oilier peri -
dicats shall have been prepaid, such postage shall be
reduce I one half.
Section the third prescribes that a coin of three
cents in value shall be prepared, with metallic in
scription, three-fourths of silver and one-fourth of
copper, to weigh twelve and three cighis of a grain ;
wti eh shall be a legal tender in all sums under thirty
cents.
Section tnurth requires the Postmaster-General to
furnish the severt Postmasters with three cent
s'3in|»s, t<> be supplied to persons wishing to purchase;
and declares that |xrß.»r.s soring such slumps, or
having any in his nnssessioa fur ihe pur|»ose of pass
ing th m as genuine, thd! piy a fine ol loOi). or be
impiisoned five vears in lieu thereof.
Section the fifth authorizes the appropriation o a
mi lion and a hall ot dollars to meet any temporary
reduction <»f the revenue that may arise owing ,o the
passing of ihe act.
Section the sixth provides for the publication of
lists of unclaimed letters in a paper having she k:rea»
est circulation, and that, should the publish' r oi sueh
paper refuse to insett the list, be shall be deprived of
the rree exchange of p ipers, and other bent fi.s which
the act may confer.
Sect'on tire sev- nth authorizes the P«rstraaster-
Generai to establish post tomes and i slices i.f deposit
and delivery, and the nppoinluie.it of carriers in cities
and large towns, who sb til deliver letters at a ch irge
nut exceeding two cents each ; provided the compen
saiioo akowed stall not exceed the receipts.
A motion was here made to lav the bid on
ihe table, for the purpose of preven’ing forth
er di-cus»iou; which was earned 139 to 61.
The fi st section of th : bill, as amended, was
then read by ihe c>erk, and was carried by a
majority of 121 to 83
Two oilier c auses r,f the Lili were p v f»s r ‘<i
wit tout any serious objection *ith the ev ep
t on of ihe last, which authorises the estab i-h
--ixr ot of post rouivs in towns and cihes, upon
which the ayes and nays we.ro liken, and i’.
was carried by a majority nf 106 »o 89
Thaprevious que-’mn was ci/iied and'he
ayes and nay a demanded on the passage ofthe
bill, which after sirogghng gallantly through a
meat strenuous and determined opposition,
both in committee of the whole and aubs. quent
iv in the House, was passed by a vote of 130 to
73
The House then adjourned until to-morrow.
A Letter from General Kiley.
To the Editors of the Washington Republic
Gentbmen : My attention has been directed
to an editor 1 1 in % our paper ofthe 20 huh mo
headed “The Cali nrnia Consrtution and Mr.
King.* in wnirh is quo’cd an article from the
Ne* Orleans Delta on the subject of Execu
tive interference in the forn»n*i<>u of the S’ate
government of California. Thi« matter I sup
posed bad been put to rest long ago, by the
publication of the California corre-pond< ncu ;
nor would I now notice it. or do any thing
which may have the appearance, or be comm ‘
cred ns an attempt to r*vive a controversy up
ou a question w hich ha- alt* ady been settled
in the mines ot tbe intelligent aud unprejudiced
portion of ali parties were it not for the grave
and positive assertions made in this article con
flicting wi:h my oxvn previous stele men aud
published, :.s they have been, on the authority
of a person who alleges that “he acted as my
legal adviser,” and therefore, it would seem,
must apeak knvwirzly and “ by the book ‘
The DtUa. in co . mvoting on th* of
Commodore Junes, iu relation to the time my
proelauMiioi] was issued calling the Conven
tion. says:
h is true General Riley’s proclamation we«
i«ued t‘e uie the sitamer, on which Mr. i. BuJtr
K*r»e wa** arrived idn Francisco. B«it prev
c. s*y this-tfeaiDer, the Pan .ma bad touched st 5...\
/fiega, irons place letters and insenrettons
wcr • d*spa T cht<i tn Genera! Riley, at Monlt res.
*b< h WERK RECEIVKP AND READ FBBTIOUS OH’C
i-t <»e< era! Kney’s proctaimrtion reomimenc
ingihe form«tH>Q ol a Suite government. This tart
wes commctrica'ed to us by Mr. Ptfii. lT Hairy, u
mt tnber o* >he b r ci C’hfHmta, frui riy vs th*--
S a e, t rd x*t • <i< Gene’al Riley s legaiad-
T«rin:Ufli...*;er. He saw r!»ee.s*ctU‘:n:caUan» ol
e F-: sh'ent :.i ch- ban -<x General R .ev before
the latter issued h*> r<oclt<aatMn. This f»ct was
» I B •.* io X«r an <ue marvel m «c-» th?’
’• e 11 ■■ ; 1 • - -r• ’ -a, « fc h.
i kss th Ibe exezr mm! i»• *, fa u e •/ , , n . |
u*:i •» the >ia e ot Cat»-<rr.)A. ’
The whole ot this I s«w n i
your papir o* the fir-i ume a few $ nc ’
i< untrue, from beg<nn:n<to end and so | UUvV
pronounce it. How Mr. Patrick Barrv can
reconede tbs luformauon furnxahod by b»m lo
the Dtlta with u proper regard for the truth of
the case, is a matter which I shall leave him to
determine The paragraph quoted bears evi
dence within itself of its falsity; and how so
keen and discriminating a lawyer as Mr. Bar
ry ought to be, and as well acquainted as he
should bo with California, could gel up his
story so clumsily, is to ma a matter of great
surprise. To prove that I did receive instruo
tious from the late Administration, and got
them, too, before Mr. King (who Imre 'he
news of Gen. Taylor’s inauguration) arrived
al San Francisco, Mr. Barry tells the of
the Delta that these instructions were landed
at San Diego, and sent to me at Monterey.
Now, to show how perfectly absurd such a
statement is, I will merely say, that if there had
been such instructions for me, and such course i
had been pursued in sending them to me. it !
would have required from 8 to lOdays for me to :
have received them at Monterey; and they I
could not possibly have reached me nn’ilt'ome ;
four to six days after Mr. King arrived at San
Francisco. This would have been the case, for
the simple reason that by the steamer the trip <
from San Diego to Han Francisco is usually
four, or at most but five days, while by land it
requires a journey of eight or ten days to
reach Monterey from San Diego.
As to Air. Barry’s having seen any instruc- 1
lions to me from the late Administration, in
regard to the course I was to pursue in Cali
fornia, received before the issuing of my pro
clamation, and his acting as my leg il adviser
in the matter. I think it scarcely woith while •
to say any thing to those with whom I am ac- ‘
quainted ; but to others, who may be deceived ,
by the positive manner in which these asser
tions are made, I would remark that here again
Mr. Barry has been extremely unfortunate
The experience of thirty-eight years’ service
devoted to my country would have been wore
than useless, had I, after having received in
structions from my Government, asked or
taken advice, as he inlitna’es I did, as to whe
ther nr not 1 should follow them. lam too old
a soldier ever to ask legal advice (by this I
mean a lairyefs advice) as to whether I should
obey the tnstriiccions 1 receive from those who.
by the laws of my country, are placed over me.
1 knew my duty too well; and, after having
received instruction*, no advice is needed
They are my guide, unless minifestly against
law and reason, and of this 1 do not think 1 am
arrogating too much for myself when 1 say that
I believe myself as capable of judging as Mr.
Patrick Barry, with all his acumen aad legal
ab lity. The truth is. this gentleman was never
consulted by me. I did not ask his advice,
either in regard to the course I was to pursue,
urns to the propriety of issuing the proclama
tion rallirg the convention: nor did he ever
see any instructions from the late Adminis'ra
lion in my possession, before issuing my pro
clamation, advising me trr instructing me to
L dwiatthed one in
’regard course I pursued but lire military
and naval commanders on the Pacific coas’.
and those whom th : lawallowed me to have near
to aid in the discharge of my duties. I acte I
from a sense of duty, on my own reeponsibili
ty, and for what I honestly and truly believed
to be the best interests of California and my
country. Very respectfully, your obedient
servant, B Riley,
Bt. Brig.-Gen. U. S Army.
Late Governor of California.
United States Hotel, Philadelphia, Dec , 1850
New Jersey— Message of Gov. Haines
'this document, wlnch was pretended io the
Legislature on Tuesday last, sets forth briefly,
yet deary, the condition of Slate matters.
The receipts into the State Treasury during
the year ending on the 31st December 1850
were $128,583. The disbursements during
the year amounted »o $125 512.
The cause us education comes iu for a full
share of the Governor’s attention, and he
strongly urges the propriety of establishing
free schools throughout the State What is
rather remarkable is the fact that at the present
ime there are no taxes levied to pay the ex
penses of the State. The only taxes collected
are those levied to pay township, county and
educational expenses—the latter io a very limit
ed extent. Hence it is thought that an in
creased levy for ihe cause of public education
will be borne without a murmur.
The Governor thinks that partial laws and
those graining special privileges shou’d in no
» a*e be passed by the Legislature, but he
recommends the passage of a general act au
thorising the formation of itiiernat improve
ment companies, with suitable restrictions.
The Banking Law passed by the Legßla ure at
its la>t session the Governor thinks has proved
to be impracticable, and he urges an inquiry
into the cause of the objections raised agaiu-t it.
The Message, as staled above, is brief—
one of the shortest papers of the season—yet
it occupies a sufficient r-pace to set forth fully
and clearly the wants and capabilities of the
Sta e. Respecting the recent compromise
measures of Congress the Governor commit
nicates to the Legislature the Resolutions of
the Constitutional Convention of Indiana,
approvingof tho compromise measure- ofthe
list session of Congress ; also, resolutions
of the Constitutional Convention of ihe State
of New Hampshire on the same subject; and
says:
1 believe that the citizens of New Jersey ac
cord in the sentiments of these resolutions, and
that they “will firmly stand by and miiut nt.
those measures, regarding them on the whole,
not n rrely wise and patriotic, but essential to
the Union, prosperity, peace and progress ol
this great confederacy”—and that they are
averse to any further agitation of the esci'ing
topics involved in them. And I submit win .-th
er it does not become you as the representa
tives of the people of one of rhe original
States—a people eminently patriotic and high
ly conservative, to express in calm, but firm
and explicit terms, these views and your own
upon these momentous questions.
Governor Boutwell’s M ess age. Rostov
Jan. Hi it iu u»«•*•«»w»«V
delivered hchHti Uolll il<>useo tO-Jay—the
reading occupied half an hour.
The estimated indebtedness of ihe State on
the Ist of January la>t was $52,293 COO Gov
B- recommends alterations in the mode of
electing members ofthe Legislatuie, so that ai*>
the interests of the State may be better repre
sented.
In reference to the fugitive slave law, he
snys (hat the remedy for its injustice or inexpe
diency must be sought in the Legislature, and
fur its unconstitutionally in the judicial de
partment of the Government Until there can
be a successful appeal in one or the other of
t-use forms, no true citizen can inieri'ern with
the due execution of me law.
He further says that some provisions of the
law d > not appear io have a proper regard for
ihe rights of the alleged fugitive, or to the • ■u
limeuts of the community in which the law is
to be executed
if. however, the right of slave States he ad
milted, the manner of delivery is the princi
pally important point. L, undercolor or sanc
tion ofthe law, free citizens shall be consigned
to slavery, it will bo ihe duty of all just and
considerate men, of every party and every
section, to unite in the removal of its obnuxi
ous features.
The provisions of the constitution on which
this law is based can never be properly con
str led either by Congress or the Courts so as
lo endanger the liberties of free citizens.
Whatever may be our opinions us the policy
<»i the Government, or the coursn ol particular
States all must admit that the evils we yuff r
iu lie Union are not to be compared with tne
general ruin which will inevitably lesultfrou
its dissolution. — N. Y Com. Adv
New Jersey.—The Legi.-lature of N»‘w
Jersey conveued on Tuesday. Among Iht
applications l > be made are eight for r-ulr ad-,
four for new banka, and ten for p'unk road*
Also one for a steamboat Company lo run
boats between New Brunswick, and another
between New York and Barn gat. A United
States Senator is to he chosen in place ol
Judge D.iyton, Whig, whose term expires
with the present session of Congress T'he
Democrats have a majority in the Legisla
ture.
Vermont aud Virginia,
The last Legislilure of Vermont passed a
series of resolutions “ fur the promotion of
Peace,’’ which, the Governor, in accordance
with resolutions, has sent to the Governors
of the other S ates. In Virginia, Gov. Floyd
submitted them to the Legislature, when the
following very appropriate acton was had in
the House:
Mr Bailing offered the following resolutious •
1. Resolved, That the Governor be r» quested to
return to the Governor of Vermont the resolutions of
the Legisla'are of that Sta-e style 1 “ Resolutions for
the pr motion of Peace.”
2. Resolved, That the Governor be requested to
inform the Governor of Vermont, that ihe Legislature
of Viremia declines to consider tbe resolutions from
the Le*?i*!alur? of Vermont, relative to the peaeeot
the world, until that body stall show itself careful of
tbe peace of the Union, by conformist its enactments
to tbe tJenstitutiou of the United States and laws
passed in pursuance there f.
The previous question was called upon the adoption
ofthe resolutions—and the House seconded the call.
On Mr Forbes’ morion the ayes and n«>es were
cal'e ! foi, aud being taken, resulted as follows: ayes
123. n »es o—-so the resotulicae pished by a unani
mous vote.
During tne year the length of new
sewers constructed in the city of New York
was ten and a quarer miles. The whole
length of the sewers now in use iu that city is
seventy mi es. Theotficial report on the sub
ject says s
The benefits resnl ing from the construction
of sewer* in the increased convenience, clean
• mess and comfort of every dwelling connec
ted wrh th* mis becoming widely known and
appreciated : dwelling-* so connected are
greatly preferred by lena .fs, and an advanced
rent more than equal to the interest on the cost,
readily obtained lor them. The period is not
distant, when they will come obe considered
as necessary an appendage to every house as
a supply of water, and also as the most ready
and ceria in means of promoting and preserv
ing the public health.
Railroad Co.okctiom at Macom.—We
learn from a private despatch to a friend in
this city, that the question of connecting the
Central, Mac n & Western and Sooth west
ern Railroads a M&coh, was finally disposed
of by the City Council of hat place on Thurs
day last. The contract between the Railroad
Companies and the Corporate authorities was
being drawn up at the lime the dispatch was
sent.
The contract alluded to in the dispatch has
re* ere nee. we pre-ume o the propositi n
which the Ra: road Companies made to the
CiryCcuu d some time the past year. That
proposition wa> —that the Companies shu.'d
pm amiu tily to the people of Macon rhe sum
of five tiiuu-and dodars in consideration of
the injury they might Mitf~r in regard to toil*
up n therr bridge rrorn r.e proposed conrec
ion of the Railroad across the river. .No limit
that we remember, was fired upon as to the
time when this annual payment should
cease.
\S e congra’u rhe officers and st 'ckhold
ers or ibe*e Roads and ihe people of this City
upon this auspicious result, indeed H is a
cause fur gratulation to the people of the
whole Sute. Tne iQUrests of ah mac region
ying beyond Macon especially, as well ns of’
this •eciion, have long dt minded a connection
of tho Road-', and we rojoico in 'ha be lief that
it will soon be made. When accomplished, it
will give us a continuous line of railway
from Savannah at d Chattanooga, 431 miles
i » length, and all in this Quite.—-Savannah
Republican.
the ram
& SENTIXE’,
BY WILLIAM S. JONE *
[two dollars pkk annum,
INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
(DAILY, T R l-W EEK L Y A WEEKLY.
OJJicein Railroad Dank Buildings.
P APEK.perannum (xentby mail,) 87 ou
' TRIWEEKLY “ “ 400 i
WEEKLY PAPER “ 2 00 [
AUGUSTA, GA.:
WEDNESDAY in OILNING ... -J AN 22.
TRAVELLING AGENT
Mr J. D. Wells is the A>_ent (nr
this paper and the Southern Cultivator; and our
j friends will much oblige us by’ rendering him any
. asrisiauce in their power towards increasing thecir
i culationoftheChronicle &> Sentinel and South
ern ‘ fo’LTIVATuR.
SEND US A SUBSCRIBER!
Reader, as announced below, we con’em.
plate making decided improvements in the
Chronicle &. Bkntinkl, some of which are
a'roady settled upon. To do this we must in
cur heavy additional responsibilities, and we
asit you. each and every one of y u, to send us
ONE NEW SUBSC RIBER I
It is promoting your own interest to do so
for as onr means increase, we shall apply ihem
to the improvement <»f our paper and if each
of you will semi us oxla one new i-übscriber,
and many of you can send ten or twenty, it
will enable us to make a journal of which
every true Georgian shall be justly proud.
How many of you will send us O*NE NEW
SUBSCRIBERS * 1
Thanks! Thanks!! Thanks II!
Such is the language we desire to address
to those hut too partial friends, who have con
tributed so much recently to swell our sub
scriotion list, and have thus introduced the
Chronicle & Sentinel within a short time
to hosts of new friends and readers
While returning our acknow ledgmenls for
these continued and nimerous evidences of
confidence in and approbation of our humble
efforts to build up, ai d render independent
‘ our mon native South,' and to preserve and per
petuate ‘ o«r <r/orfows Constitution and Union,"
it may not be amiss to remark to our friends,
that we shall endeavor lo continue to merit
that confidence, and c< tnmand theii approba
tion as welt by our course and policy a** by the
decided improvements we contemplate making
in the Chronicle & Sentinel.
Our Picture Gallery,
We have res ime i, and -h i!l in future regu
larly continue onr Picture Ga’lery A capital
story from Arthur’s Home Gaz tte, with an
illustration, iu pursuance of our purpose, will
accotdmgiv be found on the first page
The Cotton T<a<le from to ISSO.
Much us our .-pace to day is devoted to ihe
admirable article from Hunt's Merchants' Ma
gazine, on the co'ton trade for the last twenty
five jears. I' is under-rood to be from ihe
accomplished pen o! Prof. C. F. McCay, of
Franklin College G«i., which isquie sufficient
lo secure for it an attentive peru-a*. He has
devoted much time and labor to the investiga
tion c f (hi < intricate and important subject, ami
the results are embodied in this article which
will be found repl. te with interest to all classes.
New York and Baltimore Wholesale
Homes*
\ » e invite *he iitten'ion of .Merchants find
Dealers in town and country, throughout the
several Stales where this j lor* al circula’es, to
ihe advertisements of Wnolesale Houses in
the above ci ies, to be found in our columns
embracing Messr-, Ricard . Fki-by & Co ,
«»f Baltimore, importers of Dry Goods;
Messrs. 8 11. Hanford & Co., w hose Whole
sale Clothing es abli hniunt is the most exten
sive in New Y’o.k ; Messrs. P. dt T. Hayden,
dealers in Plushes; Messrs. H. M. Greens.
& l o . Straw (foods Manufacturers ; and the
old and well known House of S
CH , FTFR rVAMlerw.'
To Mall Contractors,
The attention of Mail Contractors, and all
others interested, is invited to the “ Propo
sals for carrying the Mails in Georgia.” adver
ticed by the Postmaster General—to accommo
date which, wi'hout tre-pas-ing upon the space
devoted to the general reader, we have issued
a supplement.
Georgia. Sarsaparilla.
We Lave been presented by Dr. Dennis
with a bottle of his F«nid Extract of Sirsapa
riila, and on ex-niiin at ion. think that it i.- a good
article, and we commend it to the Medical
profession a> a puie article, perfectly nnadtil
tented. Mupt of the articles < f this kind that
camo to our market, are filled wi h various
quack nostrums, that trammels the Scientific
Physician in its use, but ;his is an nr’icle wiih
which he can combine his prescri) lions with
out any soars whatever. Prepared and sold by
Dr J. Den ms of this city, at $1 per bottle, or
$5 for 6 bottles.
The Fugitive Case at Springfield.—A
notice of the recovery of a fugitive slave at
Springfield, Miss , was published by us some
davs since, as of recent oruin accompanied
with some c Moments, when, in foot, it occurred
forty years ago. The paragraph, wh Learn,
appeared originally in ihe Springfield Rci üblt
ran lor’y yeirs a.o, and was recently repub
lished to show rhe good citiz-ins of that an
rient town how their .incest »rs complied with
the law o! 1793, and their obligations under the
CimMitutiori; and was con-eq len'dy accom
panied wi.h some pertinent remarks o the
present generation. We found the paragraph
floating through onr exchanges without anv
explanation, and naturally supposed the ca-e
was ii recent oue. and therefore pubi shed it as
such. This correction would have been made
earlier, but hat we hoped to obtain ihe Spring
field journal which repub.'ished the paragraph,
with a view to copy the rem irks w th which ii
was accompanied; we have, however, been
disappointed
New Jersky Senator.—The Legis'ature
of New Jersey just assembled, will elect a
Senator for six y ears lo succeed Mr. Dayton.
who, we rejoice to know, cannot be re elected
Like Winthrop, while affecting the greatest,
desire to protect the Constitutional rights of
the South, her institution has no greater or
more inudious enemy in the Senate, than him
and his colleague Miller. Our only regret is
that the present Legislature does not elect suc
cessors to both. They cannot send worse men
on the question of Southern rights. A change
must therefore be for the better. We rejoice
when such men are hurled from power.
Census of Muscookk County. —The follow
ing statistics of the census of Muscogee Coun
ty. are truly iuteresting and highly gratify ing :
Whole population 18,623
Whiles 10 447
Slaves 8,176
Stawi -g an increase from 1840 of 6,954.
Person d property 3; 466 403
Real estate.*.-' 4 339,582
Amount of capita l invested in Knatiafac-
Amount of capital in vest e * in the manufac-
ture of cotton and wo<4 ... 493 00d
Bales ot Colton tuade in 1849- •••••••••• b 664
Barbels of Corn iu 850 395 612
Population of Co'umbus.
Free 3 684
Slaves 2 258
Total 5 942
With a like investment (in proportion to
wealth) in cotton manufactories in every cot
ton growing county in the State, Georgia
would spin every pound of colon she pro
duces on her soil, thus making the crop from
two t - four fold more valuable, and to that
extent enriching her own people by rewarding
profitably her own industry, and labor, much
of which is now either not employed at all,
or unprofiiabiy so. Why may not this be
done? We answer, there is no good or suffi
cient reason. I: may and can be done, if onr
plan;ers will cease to invest their surplus capi
tal in hnd and negroes, and place it in cotton
manufactories which would be itfinitely more
profiiube. and contribute more to elevaie the
Slate and render her independent. A thou
-and dollars, the price of a negro fel’ow, wifi
purchase a steam engine ihat will perform the
work if fitly negroes, and consequently tc
that extent, if it-power be proper y directed
increase the wealth of the S ate—g.ve em
ployment to tbe poor, and the foundation for
isyv’ein of universal education whenever and i
wherever the policy of building up manufoe- £
toriea is gene rally adopted. i
EDwootl Fisher's Plonstroua Doctrines.
It nfforcb u« plfa.ure t > porceivo that thn !
monstrous doctrines and opinions ol Elwood
Fishir, are being brought to tho knowledge i
ofthe Southern people, through the medium (
of a portion of t e press. Strange to say,
ihe disunion organs cannot be induced
to publish even Elwood’s defence of his
enthusiastic oppo-ition to slavery and Ins
vote against a biii prohibiting intermarriages
between Negroes and Whites. Well may
the Journal and Messengt r in the following
notice, pronounce him “a fit instrument” ofthe
fire-eaters and ultras :
A Fit Instrument.—Elwood Fisher, the Senior ;
Editor of the Southern Pcc.-s, alius the Disunion
Organ per se, in Washington, is in a fairway to
gain notoriety. A week or two since, we copied n
paragraph, showing that while a member of the In
ti ana Legislature, he voted against a bill prohibiting
1 inter : asr isge between whiles and negroes. It now
appears that while he professes to be no practical
abolitionist, his theory is not n whit behind that of!
Garrison himself. In his paper of December 17th,
he confesses to have used the following langtinge :
“ Whilst, however, 1 do not concur with J If
or the early Q inkers as to t ie means by which
slavery can be abolished, whilst I donor think it
can be done by the act ofthe master, or by liw,
lam as much opposed toil, or the cause of it, as
any of them, or as the most enthusiastic abolition
ist of the present day "
Verily, Mr. Elwood Fisher is a fir person indeed
to preach disunion, and lecture Southern slaveholders
unon their rights 1 We have never I oked with fa
vor upon the Southern Press since its establishuien:.
We cautioned our friends then io beware of it. We
have since said that it circulated more abolition sen
liment than all the abolition papers in the North
The above paragraph only confirms < ur convictions,
and gives additional rca-ors for discountenancing
the Press and its treasonable doctrines ”
Cannot the Columbus Times come to the
rescue of i’s friend Elwood ? Although it
may not fully approve his vote in the Indiana
Legislature, and the reasons therefor, or his
“enthu-iastie opposition to slavery”—yet it
tn ly offer something in defence of its much
abused friend—that eminent “patriot” (?) who
seems just now to be in danger ofbeing placed
in the category of a “Sioud who de
fends the S nub and her institution (he latter
of which he was so enthusiastically opposed
to in 1849) for a reward
The Dj£pe*en'Cil— The Charleston Courier nf
the 7?h infct., has the following lekgiaphic dispatch
from city :
1 Mr. - ft >m Indiant:', msde an exempt in the
House tc-dif : > odroduce n bill to repeal the fugi
tive slaw* la w, but was indignantly vot
TheMercuiyrf the same date lias the same an
nouncement in the words following :
“In ihe H use. Mr. Julian, of Indiana, made an at
tempt to introduce a bill tu repeal the fugitive slave
law.”
We understand that both papers receive the same
T-Icgraphic dispatches. 1 this b» true, one or the
(jiheriits : adv a grave ini: take. Either the Courier
Ims slated too much, . r the Mercury Ims suppressed
aniiuponant fact which ihe people of Carolina ou ht
to un ersiand. If :i be true, that the proposition of
Mr. Julian was indignantly voted down, the state
merit ot the fact would do much to quell the spirit o'
disunion in Carolina. Can it be possible that the
•Mercury is so re* Iv t d upon disunion os to conceal
from its renders truths which belong to the bisturv of
the country? Ifso.it prove, the Weakness of its
cause, an<l the desperation of ils advocates.—Jour
nal 4- Messenger
No one familiar w th the two journals would
have any d fficulty in placing “the saddle on
the right hor&e,” or in divining the reasons
for the suppression of a truth. About this
time, 8s the Almanac man has it, the public
may look out for such >uppres«ion3 us facts
iu the disunion organs of the South. They
are generally too much engaged in extracting
from the organs of the Abolitionist, and try
ing to pass it off on the Southern people as
Northern sentiment, to pnhli h any facts that
are calculated 'o mar th ir prospects of di—
miion. A plnn unvar- i-Led tale of truth
looks to them ’oo much like “the hand.vriting
on the wdi ” and they eschew i , to g ve pub
licity to thn choice ex racts from the Boston
CAroncrype—-Mr. Spooner and others
R'lohy these Southern disunion organs
seem exceedingly anxious to dis.-eminate abo
lition documenta at the Sou'h. or they would
not be so eager to republish the interrow dioris
of Um Fama ic Spooner, to the Lawyers nf the
United Status.
Alabama and Tennessee River Railroad.
The Mobile ffcahster mcalling aitention io a
payment ofan iu-taimeut on ’he stock rematks :
“T ie prospects of the enterprise are most en
couraging. Fif-)-rix miles of the road, from
Seim i to Monmvallo, are already ifnder con
tract lor construction, and arrangements are
being made to h ive the route from the Coosa
river to G idsden graded at an early day. The
whole road, indeed, may be said to be upon
lie eve of construction When fini-hed, it
w li p.'iir the rich products of north uastern
Alabama, and Tennessee, a- from a horn of
plenty, into the lap o! MoLi'e, and draw re
turning supplies from our por f , for those fr
tile and popnlous secTions. No pr< ject bids
to be profit ible toils s'ock-holdet s, at
an early day, or to diffuse commercial benefi t
ti>rough
war it 11* v oii. kge. We notice a
statement going the rotids of the papers, to
the effect tnat the students in the Medic <1 De
partment of Harvard University have absent
ed themselves from lectures, in consequence
of the admitta ce of a negress as a student
Thev submitted,sats the Memphis Eagle, to
be associated with three buck negroes, but
could not abide the wench. We are curious
tofoatnhow many 8 uihern ultras send their
sous to “ Old Harvard.”
Superstition.—lt is said that wives often
oppose the insurance of their lives,
declaring they would not receive jhe money,
as it would be the price of blood. When they
thus -ej- c. a provi-ion, m i <e entirely for their
benefit aid for their children’s—a provision
for (heir support when the hand that now
toils for them is cold in the grave, do th y nut
show, in this belf-detnal, that women, though
more religious than men, are also more supei
stiliotis.
Mississippi.—The Vicksburg Whig bays
there is not a single comity in the State in
which the disunioriists can rely oti a majori \
at the Convention eh ctioti. The strongest
Whig ami the heavi st Democratic conn ies,
such as Warren and Hinds, on the one hand
and Tippah and Tishomingo on ihe other, are
strongly opposed to :he secessionists and ihe
rChetnes thev hive on foot.
’I he Fug. iivk. Cask in N. York—George
Wood E q , of New Y« rk. the cha.rman of ihe
Unit'll Safety Cotnmi.iee, ai d one of .he most
eminent i.nvyi r- in that city, volunteered as
cjonsei for Dr Parker, in the trial of the
fugi ives ave, llenr> Loi j. Dr I’.rktr w <»;e
to the Richmond Enyaircr, mat the Union
Committee had tendon d biro a l (be assistance
in their power to enforce his clai.o
As a further evidence of (he determination
oi the New Yorkers to enforce tbe law it is
asserted that the “ Union Cooimittve’ - paid all
the law expenses of Dr. Parker, which
amounted to about four hundred dollars.
The sales us Cotton in Savannah on
Monday, amounted m 4.147 bales, the largest
day’s business <»f the season.
The s'eamer Niagara sailed Wednesday with
58 pass ngerj, and $123,000 in specie, of
which $10)000 was silver from Canada.
Free Banking.—A meeting is about to be
held in Pnibidelphia, of merchants and c:l er
business men, to take measures for memoriali
zing the Suite for a law establishing
a system of tree banking in that S <te, similar
to that of New York.
A Monument to Gen. Jackson.—»A meet
itig has been held in New Orleuis io alike ar
rangements for raising funds to budd a suita
ble mot'tiinent to the memory nf Gen. Jackson
Th* Legislatures of New York. Massachu
setts. Penns', Ivania Mary lard. North Carolina,
Virginia, Florida, Ohio, Indiana Difoois. Mis
souri. Arkansas, Michigan. lo* a, and Wiscon
sin, are now in session. Uni ed S ares Sena
tors are to be elected by ail these Legislatures,
excepting th >se of ll inois, North Carolina
Arkansas and lowa.
Tne to’al foreign immigration irpo the Uni
ted Stales during the year 1850. exclusive of
California, wis 271 713—C d's rrnia included,
it was 315.333. against 299 610 last year.
The whale number of vessels built in the ’
United Stares during the year 1850 wa- 1,360, ],
wi h an aggregate tonnage 0f272 218 54 tons.
Os this amount 150 ves«e s. wth a tonnage of
15,9*34 80 tons, were built in Maryland.
The Bdl reported to the House of Repre
senta’ives last week by tne Committee of
Ways and Means, provides for the deficiencies
in the appropriations for ihe present fiscal
year. Tne total deficiencies are set down
at $1 632 400.
Tbe United States frigate Constitution
from rhe Mediterranean, arrived below New
1 <*rk on Saturday evening last.
Tne present papula ion of Michigan, as
shown by the census just taken, is 400,000
Increase sine; 1840, 187.733.
Cotton at Vicksburg.— Fbe Vicksburg
Wbiigiveetie foliowm-j s’a’em p n' o' the re
ceipt* of cot.on by railroad a' V in
D’Cember. inthefo : lowing vear-; ;
1-47.6609; 1818. 8470; 1849 5313; 1850,
9 672. including 215 bales from Ifoytuoud rail
road*
“ But'be tecon<l ground they (the Georgia Con
vention) take m favor of thn adjustment that it con
tained no prohibition of tlavcry in the Mexican terri
toriee, and the-efore aived the South from the inault
of tfie Proviso—ia even more ludicrous. Mr. Clay,
the loving parent of the Compromise, certainly ourlit
to know its features, and he told the North that the
Proviso extended over that territory already by vir
tue of Metican law. The peculiar boast of freemen
is that they govern themselves, and that they submit
to no laws bur those they themselves enact; but, by
the benign provisions of the ‘•Adjustment,” the peu
pie of the South (/rccmcn we usad !o call them) are
degraded under, and have to submit to, laws, insult
ing and injurious, enacted by a people they them
selves have conquered. Mr. Clay told them so from
(he beginning, and Mr. Webster coincided but some
of the people of Georgia are still so blinded as to be
lieve that the territories are open to slavery.”
Two years ago, when this journal asserted
the principle, that according to the laws and
usages of civilized nations, the Mexican laws
abolishing slavery were, and would continue
in force in the Territories *>f California and
New Mexico, until repealed by Congress or
the people of those Territories, in the forma
tion of their State Constitutions or thereafter,
we were denounced by the disunionists of the
present day, throughout Georgia and South
Carolina, as “unsound ” on the slavery ques
tion They assured the people th it such a po
sition was the extremes! absurdity and fully,
and their leaders and presses, from Mr Cal
houn down to the humblest “six by nine”
•heet, proclaimed the Mexican law null and
void. Hence they advocated the passage of
the Clayton Compromise as a perfect salvo—
“all the legislation they wanted—:ha very bill
of all others to protect the tights of the South,”
and denounced all who opposed it at the
South, us favoring Northern aggression !
Two years have passed -a bill infinitely
better in all its parts than he Clayton Compro
mise, (for that forever prohibited leg'slation on
the subject of slavery, either by Congress or
the territories) has been passed ; and strange as
it may seem, it is nevertheless true, these ex
pounders of national law, the very men who
denounced us for the expression of the opinion
two years ago, are now proclaiming to the
people the existence of the Mexican laws
against slavery—their binding force and their
exclusion of Southern men from the territories
Nor do they stop here. It is their daily voca
tion to denounce the Im oftfte last ses«4cn o
Congress giving governments to New Mexico
and Utah, which are infinitely more favorable
to Southern rights than the Clayton Compro
mise, which they so earnestly advocated.
Why this change ? Are there any new lights
—any new legal principles evolved by the dis
cussion of the question ? No. Is it not then
apparent that these perturbed and disea'is tied
spirits are determined not to be pleased ? That
a dissolution of the Union is the highest object
of their ambition, and th it nothing short of it
w.il satisfy them ? To us, their object is per
fectly apparent, and we submit to the intelli
gent, reflecting and patriotic reader these inter
rogatories, wi h the accompanying facts which
none will or can deny, and ask them to ponder
upon them.
Who, r e marks the Alexandria Gazette, can
fail to notice the calm, consistent and faithQil
course of the President and his Cabinet, in
their administration of the affiirs of the gov
ernment ? So “clear in their great office,” are
they, that we really see or hear very little, if
any objection, even from the political oppo
nents of the President, to his public conduct
We seem hardly ever to have had a bet er
President, or an abler Cabinet It is a Whig
administration, whose ends and aims are tor the
good of th 1 country, and not the mere benefit
P*rty.
Oglethorpe University.—The Milledge
ville Recorder sj. s that I iis I !-'i:n ion his
commenced the present year under most
cheering auspices. Already, we understand
some forty new student- have been admi ted
in o the college, and the number will be in
creased in the course of the present week,
probably to fifty. Thia is cheering evidence
of the public confidence in Oglethorpe Uni
versity.
Disinterestedness. Some philosophers
have said this is impossible. Let one instance
suffice to p r ove they are mistaken. When a
man insures his fife he pays out his money for
whit he can never enjoy. Il s wife and child
ren receive the sum insured, but not till the
husband’s death. He takes out his polcy
sometimes without their knowledge, sometimes
ajainst heir wishes, and thus works neither for
his own advantage, nor for the approval of
others. Is not this disinterested friendship?
The Steam ship Ohio —Tnis vessel, wai
(says the N. Hr raid,) raised on one of the
berths of the Sectional Floating Dry D ck
Company on Saturday afternoon, in less than
two hours from he time the pumps were started.
Wi.a» * r| c
"TTThjjury troin lho cfl'tcts of the gale the had
encountered, and that all which would be ne
cessary to put her in a good condition to re
sume her regular (rips, wes caulking. She
wid also be coppered. The whole of her re
pairs will be completed by Wednesday, when
she wifi bo lowered and hauled out of dock.
The police of New York have arrested the
rogue, a young Englishman, who has commit
ted various f rgeries on in rcuitile houses in
New Yoik, Baltimore, and the western cities.
New Hampshire Convention —A resolu
tion was proposed to be amended in this body
a few days ago, in sucii a m inner as to disap
prove of the fugitive alive law, and the bill
fixing the I’exas boundary. The attempt was
d-seated by the following decisive vote: ayes
18, nays 155; majority 137.
PcritMticais*
“The American Flora ’’ h the title of a
very neat periodical. issued monthly; edited
by A 13. Strong—Green &. Spencer, pub
lishers New York; each number i instrated
with four to six beautiful likenesses of plants,
colored ;o irvure, accompanied with botanical
descriptions history, medical properties. &c.
The embellishments of the number before
us ar ’ in the ties' style us the Art, and surpass
those of any similar American work, we have
seen, which, witn the very fill d *eripiious of
tne p'anui i'lnsTated. render it a valuable ac
quisition to the Fiorist, B >:anigt or Student
To the Lilies, whose love of Flowers is pro
verbial, we think it will be regarded invalua
ble. Three do la.rs per annum.
“Illustrated Natural Bistort,” con
taining sci< n fie and p iptrar de«criprinns of
Quadrupeds Birds, Reptiles, Insects. Fishes
&c., published monthly wih illustrations, by
the same publishers.
This work is admirably adapted to cultivate
a taste for re iding among the joung. while i;
imparts vah table information to ah classes.
One dollar per annum.
Mr. Gtieen one of :he Publishers, is now in
this city, fur the purpose of introducing these
two works to the attenti n of our citizens.
He maybe seen at his Boarding House, oppo
site the Young M tn’s Library V«nciation.
SENTIMENT AT WASHINGTON.—Judge Al
ston, member of Congress from the Mobile
District, Ala., in a letter to the .'labile Adoer
tiser, rem irks :
“ I he Fugit ve. S arc Bill will neither be modified
nor repeated; neither do 1 believe, from present iu
dicatioQs, xber e will be a eerioua tff it to do ether.
Many ol the Northern members who would not vole
tor that hill, tjay now they wifi vote against repeal.
Ac.; and they ety, furtnermore, that although the
execu von o» the law may be lru-irat-d in s me places
tn a tew iv s»anc*s, ultimately the law will be exe
cuted ev.-r y win re. So rn <te it be.
1 din g .rry to see such b iterness of feeling be
tween itie different sect oris ol our people. It is alt
wrong and unless lam greatly deceived tn the
dgn< of the our Simon Pares will find
h-uiseives, in a very >bort space of time, e mpiete
iy used up. For wnenever :he North cair.es out
this bill—it inast and I believe will—our ultra
men sink, it iu ay ue to rise, long hence, if ever.”
The Steamer Georgia Seized.—The Nor
folk Beacon of Monday says—
On Sa’tinhay week, a q lantify of fruit and sweet
meats was found on board the steamer Georgia,
which prov ed on eximina'ion to have come from on
board the i»hip J nuts Conner, then at anchor in
Hampton R. unite, and which n»,t having been entered
in the Cusio n Hnus*, was accordingly seized. Tiie
next morning aCu-’cm House Officer, with Depu'y
Marshal 'A ing, went down to the Roads to «eize ’he
ship, but <he had railed 1 r Boston On Saturday
first, »he s’e arner Georgia was seized far having vio-
Hted tbe la w, by taking tbe g-xxte on board Le ore
the duty had been pud, or <*ef»e tney had been en
tered, and a permit ranted to laud hem. She was
allowed to m ike her re vid ir trip to Baltimore, :n the
custody of Win. Loyal**. Eq one of the ..(fleers of
customs at «n:s port, anu when she leturne wilt be
f laced in the bands of the Marshal.
The Beacon of Tuesday publishes the fol
lowing explanation of toe circumstances which
led to the seizure of the Georgia :
In the laat voyage of the sh-p from Baltimore ,o
Bordeaux, the Uipain took wiih h m his wife |’«
two Ssiers and a Msa Mezz-ci. While in Hot •
de.ux, he ladies were etch presented with aN x
f Prunes an 1 ajtro Grapes, with s me ' ther ar
ticles, all aim.ua log to twenty-five or thirty dollars •
From B rdeaux ihe ship wei.t to C»diz, and th-n •
ioo< a cifto io- Boston. Mr. E. C. Frizier. of Bal
timore. who also went out s ;ass<.nger, died on b»e
passage home, and tbe ship having sustained con
siderable damage to sails and rigging, the Captain
put into Hampton Roads. The < 'apuin, with his
passengers and the bo *y of Mr. F.. went up to Bal
timure in the s.earner Ge rzia. leaving the above
i nicies be-onging to the ladies on board, and when
Cape. C returned to the ship, he put the goids on
buard ti.e Mta ;.er as she came down, to t;«fce back
to tt hi»»»ore that evening, cot thinking it necessary
0 eater th m it thi. C >-t< m H >a»e. no doubt intern j
mg to give :tiem m his report and manifest when he
ajriv.s.ii Hosr»n.
—
Ihe Niagara—l <*e bund» given Ly t e
agent of m s eain-r. p ,r B m8:O d, to ideate
her, amounted to $275,000.
Tile Movement in Washington.
We hail with unfeigned pleasure the an
nouncement contained in our telegraphic dis
patch, of the movement now in progress in
Washington City, to secure the formation of a
great Union Party, whose highest object and
ambition will be to maintain the measures of
adjustment passed by the last Congress, and
put down Hg tat on, pledging themselves to
support no man for office, who is not sound
on these questions.
This is the true policy, and the only correct
and sure means for the accomplishment of the
great object. Let the question be presented
directly to the people of this great and grow
ing republic—to the people of the free States,
whe.her they prsfer to preserve our institu
tions or to contribute to the dissolution of the
| Union, by fostering fanaticism, and there can
be no doubt of the verdict.
Nor can there be any doubt of the necessi- '
tv for the organization of a party upon such a
‘ broad and comprehensive basis. For however
: its propriety may have been questioned aehort
• time since recent events in Massachusetts, and
I the principles avowed in their several mes-
I sages by those triiding demagogues, the Gov
I ernors of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio and
Massachusetts, speak trumpet-tongued in Lvor
of its absolute necessity and importance, as the
great, and perhaps only means of preserving
the Constitution and Union, rnd restoring
quiet to all sections of the country, and to al!
classes, except the miserable and contemn i
ble factions of fanatics and ultraista, whose
highest and only object is a dissolution of the
Union.
We hope soon to receive the Address of the
members of Congress referred to, when we
shall take pleasure in laying it before our
readers.
Adversity.—lt is said that women bear ad
versity much bet er than men. Is this the
reason that men generally insure their proper
ty and never their lives ? If the property were
destroyed, the calamity must bo borne by a
man; if the husband should die, the loss must
be borne by a woman.
Massachusetts Senator.
At the latest dates from Boston the coalition
had not been able to elect their candidate Sum
ner to the Senate. The whig* were running
Winthrop, between whom ai d Sumner there
is I tde if any choice—indeed we think Sum
ker preferable, because he is open in the
avowal of his abolition sentiments, and there
fore less da gerous, while Winthrop is eqally
hostile :o the institutions of the South, and
more danger us. because less honest in Ore
avowal of his sentiments. Sumner can exer
cise no infl tence whatever in the Senate—
Winthrop may. Neither are fit to occupy
seals in the Senate of the United States.
Mr. Benton not Re»elected«
£The announcement male some days since
of the re election of Mr. Benton io the United
States Senate, we are pleased to perceive, is
not true—and we are gratified to learn there
is little if any hope of his success
The Boardot Health of Charlotte, (N.C.)
reports six.een new cases and throe deaths
by Small Pox. during the week ending 14th
ins*. The editor of the Journal stiles that
the disease is spreading.
The Fayetteville North Carolinian states
that the Telegraph wires have recently been
several times broken by mischievous or mali
cious persons. The penalty for such an of
fence is a fine of five hundred dollars, and im
prisonment, at the discretion of the Court. It
is ituch to be regretted that a conviction and
an example could not be made, in order to
deter others from committing a similar offence.
An exchange paper enumerates the follow
ing list of advantages attending the advertising
in a newspaper—“ it has enlarged many a
small business ; has revived many a dull bu-i
--siness ; has recovered many a lost business ;
has preserved many a large business ; has cre
ated many a new budries-.”
The way it is done. — We make ths follow
ing extract from the London correspondent of
the National Intelligencer:
“London, Nov. 30, 1 50. —Has the South seri
ously considered the injustice done to herst-lf and to
ine weavers of her great staple by the frauds of the
English manufacturer? Let her compare the genu
ine fabrics of our own looms with the trash sent out
by Brit tin. A la'e magazne regards the monopoly
enjoted in sup lying oreijn semi-barbari ms wiih
gaudy cottons, half of whose weight was of spurious
material, as the chief boon of protection, 'iftiat this
i-all »rue, is averred by Mr. M Quren, the venera
ble British statist. Alter quoting Mr. Buras, (see
Glunc, 1F43.) for the fact that •* 11 our, glue, pul
verized china, clav, and other materials,” enter
largely into the manufacture of rotton here, he efe
existing tariff! I) iron, we fare little better; in
deed, when 'be loss of life is estimated by the acci
dents resulting trom the use of their defective rail’,
far worse. A highly respec able munufictuiei ad
mitted, a few days since, that true economy would
be best ccnsu.fed by the use of our own superior
iron, and hat we often received but a small portio.i,
(say one-third,) of merchantable iron in the cheap
rails now delugin/ our couu'ry ; as the first question
asked, when hinds applied ’or work, was, “How
much can you cover up? ’ As we possess the
raw malt rial fur producing these erest elements of
national independence in such superabundance, and
fur rend tri ng the round world our tributaries, our
present poKcy, as a mere question of pditical econo
my, is one of suicidal folly ”
Catholics in the United States —The
Catholic Almanac of 1851 gives a tabular state
ment, wife some blank-, of the Roman Catho
lic Church in this country, and sums up as fol
lows :
M From the figures in this table, and from pr»»ced
ng statements, it follows that there are in the United
St H’S, 6 archbishops, 26 bishops, 1,303 priests, and
1.245 churches, di.-tribu’ed among 31 dioceses, and
2 apostolic vicariate*. 1 b : shop and 26 priests have
died; whence it appears that 'faring the pa“t year
tl»e r e has been an accession of 3 archb shops, 3 bish
• ps. and 133 priests. The figures in the above table,
under the held of Catholic population, were ob ain
rd fr~n* official and e m-equentiy the most reliable
source. If we suppose the C«hohc poptilati min
the d oceves of St. Louts, Boston, Little Kock,
Galveston Oregon Territ< ry, Monterey, and the
A»'B'u|:c V'cari itesof New Mexico and the Indian
I’erritory, n» be 280,000 the total num » r of Catho
lics tn the United Slates will be I 614,5C'0.”
Periodical Agency —lt will be seen by
his Advertisement that Mr I’homas Courtney
is the Agent for several Periodicals.
The steamer Governor D idiey. which left
Charleston for Wilmington on Friday night,
had to return in consequence of the heavy N.
E. blow. She left again on Saturday a s 1 P. M.
The Newark (Onio) Gazette,in annonnc’ng
the completion of the rai’road to that place
from Like Erie, <exults at the event iu the fol
lowing strain :
“ When the shrill whistle of the •* Newark”
broke (he silence of tbe evening, a shout of triumph
and vejoicing wen* up wh cli echoed and re echoed
fro u tbe South Fork to Long Pond Kuo, and from
Pala.-ka la to Race un-—crowd® rushes out to greet
the new arrival and rejoice over the final success of
human sk.hl and perseverance. ami tbe power of iron
rails and st<?an». It is, indeed, an event of no small
unpirtauce to our rapi dy-growing city, and in view
of its it fleeti< n« upon our n.»t and our future crowd
upon the mind ”
The Steamers Gladiator, for Wilmington,
and Jasper, f*>r Savannah, did not leave
Charleston at th. sir usual Sunday, being
detained by the severe N. E. blow.
“The Man for the Crisis ’’ —The inaug
ural speech <»f his Excellency John H- Means
(he new ly elected t >«vernor of South Caroli
na, is one of the i. aost truculent documents
we have ever read It
Rends, with tremendo m so’in Js, our ears asunder,
Os gun, drum, truuipe’, blunderbuss aod thunder.”
A warlike man is Gov. Means, and one
with whom, according lo his own showing, it
would be dangerous to eome in conflict. He
seems as ready to have his own throat cut as
to cut that of any <hj e else. Without any
disparagement to Me»'sr<- Rhett, Cheves,
Qoauiebum, <&c., we think that in Gov
Means S. Carolina has ? t last found “the man
for the crisis.” He te'l*us, all that South
Carolina desires is that, in the day of battle,
she may be assigned “a place near t‘ted
(f the guns,'' and “if she is io fall, all that he
seeks h a grave upon her bosom ” He
“thanks Gad that he bear* about him a heart
burning with indignation at h\s country s
wrongs, and says that if so r feeling ‘'a burn
ing de?ire to redress them he is ’o be branded
s a traitor, he desires no more brilliant fame
while l.vinj. no more glorious epitaph when
dead f’ We repeat, that South Carolina has
nt last f umJ the man for the crisis. As Mr
Calhoun Moses who for twenty year®
had been leading her through the Wilderness
< f Nullification, so Gov. Means sterns to be
the Joshua destined to terminate her pilgrim
age. and guide her sa r e v across the Jordan of
stcession! — Tuscahosa Mmitor
Arrival of the Alabama—l’he new and
-pierid d Steamship Aknatna made her firH
appearance in • ar wa era Tuesday afternoon
Sne made t er trip out in 72 hours from wharf
io wharf—bringing 50 cabin and 10 steerage
She encountered strong head
winds nearly ail the way.
Ths Alabama is a beautiful model of naval
xrchilecture and her appearance ju-tifie« al!
ls e encomiums that have been pa-sed upon
r. She fctAaped remarkib'y well during the
Vl v age, and ►l ens like her sister the Florid: t,
highest encomiums from the passenger
Her through passengers went up the road
taste* eoing —sae. Rtp.
q', er , has been sent to California from Bos'
ton din kst tvV ° > eaf!, » according to
the annul d statement of Exports in the Bos
»..n Shir.n *’2 h” ,27 762 2*6 feet of lump'".
15C91705 n>‘«xles, 9H WHI bricks 4».<J
hou-e tud» tore triines, 641 34n f “ «•.' imber
OeMces « ln <_ *•* P"" e -« “*bes Ac . »lmo»
without num: >er ' rueexp»rt<-i bu ‘■■ “**
ter.als f..r me vear lßuli shows a cousicerable
taUmgoffcom. ’ a ' ed wnh “ e prev lu “* 1
Prnnsylvania United States Senator.—
The following h the vote by which the Penn- I
eylvanm Leet.lxture elected Richard M Brod
head to the United State, Senate, on Tuesday,
as the successor of the Hon. Dauiel Sturgeon
whose term of office will oxpi fe on the 4th of
March next. He received the whole Demo
cratic vote:
R. M. Brodhead, democrat. 76, Alex. E.
Brown, 11; A W. Loom s, 12; Geo. Cham
bers 3; John Sergeant, 4; Jas Pollock, 2;
Samuel A. Pursiance, 3: T. McKennan,4;
Samuel Calvin, 4; scatieiing, 10. Necessary
to a choice, 66.
Mr. Brodhead has served with considerable
credit in the House of Representatives, where
he distinguished himself by an early, able, and
decided speech against the Wilmot proviso.
1 he Union ways “he is true on this great ques
tion of the day ” — Baltimore Sun.
No Bargain.—ln the Ohio Legislature, the
Democrats have refused, under any circum
stances, to vote for a Free Soil candidate fur
United States Senator.
Jenny Lind is to arrive in New Orleans
about the Ist of February, and remain there
some weeks She then goes up the Mississippi
and visits St Louis, Louisville and Cincinnati.
Importation of Dry Goods into New
York—lß49, $45 514 775; 1850 SSB 329,
823 Increase in 1850. sl2 8(5 063.
Large Receipt of Cotton.—A larger
amount of cot on by 1 000 bales than was re
ceived any day lasi sea<-»n was lauded on he
levee yesterday, viz : 14 577 bales.— Picawin';
12th in st.
Loss of the Steamer Princeton.—The
officers of the steamer J. L. Webb, from
Ouachiti river, report that on Sunday night
last the steamers Princeion and Alamo came
iu collision and the Princeton was sunk The
Alamo was hound up and the Princeton for
this port, with a full cargo of cotton, n ost of
which will be saved. The boat, with the ex
ception of her furniture and a portion of her
machinery, will be a loss. The A!«mo bus
tained but slight damage by the collision;
one of the deck bands of the Alamo was
knocked overboard and lost.—-JV. O Pic,
Accident on the Carrollton Railroad
Yesterday afternoon, after the 4 o’clock dov n
tram of cars from Carrollton nad left Green
ville, the locomotive, followed by some of the
cars, ran off the rails. A few of the passengers
were thrown on the track The couplings
broke. The back cars continued their rapid
forward motion and ran over some of the per
sons on the track A negro woman was kill
ed ; Mr Chares Black, of Greenville, was
haoiy injured ; his son had both legs broken;
and the engineer was reported *o 6e seriously
injured. The train was, of course, de ayed
for st»me time We have been unable to learn
further particulars of this sad catastrophe.— N.
n. Pir
u. PIC.
Sandwich Islands—ln many respects these
hland.s feel the impulse that in a very few
years has rai.-ed the population of California
from 15 000 or 20,000 to 200,000 Real es
tate at Honolulu, by the last accounts, (Nov
1850) was in demand at prices far above what
was ever known there before. The commerce
of the port was rapidly increasing, and the
wharfage accommodations were who ly inade
q late io the demand. Accordingly a plan was
on foot to increase them, as well as to gain
additional ground, by filling up certain shat
lows.
Muscogee Railroad. —Ata recent meeting
of the stockholders of ihi- Road, the following
gentlemen w« re elected Direc r ors for he en
suing} ear: John H. Howard, Harvey Hi I
Robert B. Alexander, 8. A. Bailey. Robert A
W’are, Hines Ho't. and Daniel Gnffin. Col.
Howard was subsequently chosen Pres dent
Small Pox in North Carolina.—The Ban
ner, publist.ed nt Snmterviiie, 8. C., 9ay»:
“ Th s dis-ea-e has been hovering for some
days around our borders, and by his time may
have penetrated our 8»a e. In Charlotte, .N.
C , there have been 109 cases. lr is rumored
:hat it has passed over into Lancas er District
Soon it may be upon us, for such diseases tra
vel on the wings of the wind ; arid we should
use such precautions that it may pass harm
les-ly by. It would be well for all. even »h<»-e
who have teen vaccinated to submit them
selves to the operation; for nothi g should be
omitted whish inny guard us against a d sease
so dangerous during i s exister.ee and so ter
rible in its result?.”
Marine Disaster —Sohr. Southerner, from
Boson ('apt. Baker, Jan. 7, lat 34° (f 5 long
77° 10' parsed the wreck of sc hr J W Dtvis,
stippus d to be one of the New York and
Wilmington packets; her masts gone by rhe
deck, hanging by the rigging, and her gabs
aLo; hers'er i was out of the water; saw her
name, but could not *ee where she hailed from
—Savannah Ripuhlican.
Addition to the Shipping of Savannah
Welare pleased to record the fact that a first
rate n»‘W ship tube named The Florida, is
now on her way to be added to the shipping
of Savaiiiiah She is of I ()H() tons I urderi,
bfidthy Mr. Hitchcock, of Ne ; castle, Maine,
and priticipa'ly owned by Messrs. C F .Mills,
of thi’i city, arid Capt. Jas Mills, which hist
gentleman will command her.— San. Rep.
Commercial Insurance Company —The
books i<>r sub-cription to this Company, which
have been open for two days, were closed yes
terday. Ten thousand shares were required
to be subscr.bed, by the charter, as the capital
of the Company. The desi eto obtain stock,
however, was Mich as to induce a much larger
subscription, and 24,467 shares were subscribed
for. An apportionment will of course be made
by the Commissioners, under the law.— Ch.
Cour.
Shipwreck and Loss of Life.—The brig
Etrurian Sherwood. ma*’er, from Darien, Ga ,
fur New York, was c ipsized in of wind
in lat. i/C 20, ion. 75. The crew and passen
gers remained on the wreck two days and iwo
nights. The Captain’s wife and one man per
ished. The survivors were finally taken off
by the brig Richmond. Capt. McKinzie, from
Savannah, bound to New York.— Charleston
Courier.
World’s Fair.—The Massachusetts Com
tnittje have ju't ordered the shipment of a
grest variety of •*Yankee Notions” to repre
sent that state a the World’s Fair The num
bi r of exposants from France will exceed
twenty five hundred, about half the total num
ber of exposan ts in the French Exposition
of 1849. Seventy seven of the eighty six de
partments u ill be represented The fabrics of
the famous manufactur es nf Gobelin tapestry
and Sevres porcelain will figure there; be
sides the rival productions of the various Ger
man States. From the department of the
Seine alone (Paris) there will be seventeen
hundred and thirty exposants.
The coMßiimption of Pittsburg coal in Lou
irville, during the past year, is estimated ar. two
millions of bushels.
Mas-achusett’s Representation in the
World’s Fair.—The Boston Traveller says
(hat about eight thousand superficial feet, in
amount of goods, have been tent into that city
from various parts ol Massachusetts, to be
forwarded to the World’s Fair. Among the
article* are a number of pianos, specimens of
the different cotton and cloth manufactures of
the Sia‘e. boots and shoes articles of statuary,
and other specimens of the Bay Btale ingecu
ity.
Letters from Florida state that, owing to di
vi-ion t xis injx among the Democnts in the
isle litre, no Senator cat be »• looted during
t he present se*don.— Mobile Register, 9ih inst.
The Columbus, Ohio, State Journal ac
knowledges the receipt of a box of very su
perior Starch, inanufac’iired in that city from
Corn. There are two establishments for the
manufacture of the article at Columbus winch
consume large quantities of corn annually.
The Starch thus made i» represented a- be
ing extensively and satiwfactonly used in cook
; ing. r.nd the J tirnd states that for puddings,
I cakes, &c , it has do ri val.
The *arne paper notices the new Novelty
Stea tn Fl. ur Mill s recently erected >t Colum
bus by Meusrs Wilson & Co. The stones
used are of the best French Burr, and are
oily about 2; feet in diameter. And yet we
are informed by the proprietors that th -y
grind just as fast and it is claimed better than
tbe stonei of 41 feet diameter. These mills
turn out corn meal of a whiteness equal to
wheat flour, and the Journal adds that if this
construction of nulls answers the purpose
whi' h this experiment seems fully to justify,
there will boa revolution in the mil'ing
business of the country It does not require
half the power to propel these machines that
is required for ordinary futures for similar
labor.
Henry Clay and the Boatmen.—We take the
following from ’.be St. Louis intelligencer of
the 21st tilt:
The other day three barrels of flour were
shipped from this city, on the Pike No. 9 io
the Hon. Henry Clay. In filling up the bill
of lading tbe clef k inserted in tbe blank space
left for die price of the freight, these words
••For the love of the man " As our millers have
offered to supply Mr. Clay wnb fl ur, free of
cost, and as the steamboats refuse to make any
charge tor freight, the ' Sage of Ashland ’ need
incur very little expense <or bread the rest of
hi-1 fe These little matters indicate very
significantly the profound hold which he has
upon the lespe t and affection of the people.
A CoMMF.iicui. Fleet. -The Peninsula and
Oriental (English) steamship company’s fleet,
comprises 25 steamers of 27,155 tons and 9,130
.horse-power, to wh ch are to be added two
steamers of 2 000 tons each, and 800 horse
power. one us 800 t ins and 300 horse-power,
and two screw propellers of 1100 tuns each—
a very ,-espectabie navy.
The extensive public establishments on
Blackwell'S island in East River, near New
York, are supplied with Croton wa'er by a
glitu percha pipe of two and a quarter inches
diameter, wt it his laid on lhe river bottom,
tn water varying from forty to seventy four
feet in depth.
The St. Louis Intelligencer of the7ih inst
contains a liM occupying upwards of two close
ly printed columns of steamboat disasters on
lite western waters during the year just ended
The whole number of accidents sums op 124,
of which 49 occurred from sinking, by striking
.nags and other obstructions in lhe river; 13
from collapsing flues; 9 from explosions; 8
from collisions; 14 from fire, aud 2G from oth
er causes. The number of boats lost sum up
5.1. Lives (as near as ascertained) 324 of
which 8 were the result of collisions, 45 from
collapsing flues, 125 from explosions, and 156
from lire. . , ,
Fliji-.id* JuDicianr —Hon. W. Anderson
has been elec ed Chief Justice of the Supreme
Court of F orida, and A. G Semmes. L-q ,
Associate Justice; Hon Joseph Lincaster lor
the Southern Circui' ; J Wayles Baker for
the Middle Circu", Judge Thomas Douglass
reelected lo he Eastern Circ “ lt! .
<i s. Hawkins re-elected to the Middle Cir
cuit- .
TA, Ueam,h.,O S ,rey-We
Pii if’eiuti.a paper* tha F . De p )
Cil her weeklv between this port
H «-»rr, A- ! now ti'.urly com
C . r t ’- . .. < ; f>n lhe * Mjon as
j.Xeible 'l’ne e Meamrrs will lorin a weekly
tommonica’ion between the t«v cities.—
cAurtaatun Courier.
Caution to Smokers—The case of John
Daly vs. The People’s Mutual Insurance Com
pany, which was tried in the Supreme Judi
cial Court a few days since, turned, in part,
upon the question whether the plaintiff has
not violated a provision in his policy against
smoking in or about his building, being a cabi
net maker’s shop. The proviso also extend ng
to book-binders, carpenters’ shops. &c. The
policy was for SI(M.O- But it appeared
evidence, that the plaintiff and others were in
the habit of smoking pipes in the shop ; and
although it was proved that there had been
neither fire, smoking, nor lights in the ship
for many hours before the fire, yet Judge
Bigelow instructed the jury that the evidence
of smoking during the existence of ’he policy
had rendered it null and void ; whereupon,
they returned their verdict for the defendants. ;
—Boston Commonwealth.
A Field of Coral.—ln the immediate vi
cinity of Bermuda is a field of corals, some
iwenty mils* by ten in extent, which seen
through water several fee: deep and perfectly ’
transparent, presents an object vs great beauty
and richness. The prisoners at that English
establishment are frequently empl >yed to pro
cure, by diving, specimens of coral from mat
exhaust I ess field of beauty and richness which
are sent to numerous cities and individuals
on both continents, for ornaments upon man
tle pieces. In many places coral rock is used
38 the only buildmg material. For forts it is
probably preferable to any other material It
is more difficult to shatter by cannon balls
than any other rock, Though not bird, it is
tough. Coral is the carbonate of lime, The
Potomac marble, used for the pillars in the as
sembly chambers in the American capitol, is
c-lcareous pudding store. It is composed of
ppbniee of the carbonate of lime, of various
sizes, from that of a man’s bead to grains
smaller than a pea — Pic
Spontaneous Combustion —A hale of cot
ton was brought into one of n ur factories the
other day, and wa< immediately discovered to
be on fire. The cause ol the combustion was
i that the bale was in part saturated with linseed
oil. It was u doubtedly saturated with oil nn
shipboard on the voyage from New Orleans.
We mention the circumstances, that masters,
1 who take cotton, and linseed and lard oil from
New Orleans, may be careful, as they would/
avoid the risk of burning ship and Cargo, never
1 to stow a cask of oil where by any poesibi'uy it
can by leaking m : x with the cotton, ivew Or
! leans papers will do well to notice this fact.—
Boston Daily Adv.
Cincinnati, Jan. 14. —The number of Hors
1 arrived up to this evening is 301,758- Only
216 arrived from Kentucky iliih wetk. The
, market remains firm at $4 16 a 4 33. Returns
( from various points in Indiana and Ohio indi
-1 cate a falling off of nearly one-half in Scioto
Valley, and one-third in White-water Valley.
Steamer Monumental City.—The mail of
yesterday ftirnir-hea no additional particulars fl
relative to the disaster which has befallen this 1
steamer. The telegraphic despatch respect- 1
ing her runs thus :— Batt Amer. '.
Halifax Telegraphic Office, 7
Moo<iay, Jan. 13—5 p. m. 5
The steamer Osprey, from Bermuda, with advi
vices to tbe 8»h inst., has arrived The V’onumen
ttd City, trom Baltimore for California, broke down
in the gale of the 23d December, and put into Ber
muda on the 28th ult. She cannot proceed.
There is said io be at ibis time 22,000 miles
of'efegraph in operation in the United States,
15.000 on ’he Morse principle and abort; 10,-
000 on the House and Bain principles
telegraph now extends from HaUfax to New
Orleans, and as far West as Dubuque, lowa.
The St. Louis Ti t essays that a gentleman
who reached that city on lhe sth iust. from
California, reports that the passengers who
reached Panama on the San Francisco steam
ers of the l>t November had in their posses
sion at least SIOO 000 in counterfeit notes on
the Bank of Missouri.
The Detroit Advert’n°r ha* a piece of oak
some three feet long, found in an ancient shaft
in the Minnesota diggings, sunk by a race of
men whose existence is unknown to history or
legend This piece of wood which formed
a part of one shift of lhe ladder which was
used for descending the shaft wa« taken out at
tbe d< pth of twenty—even feet from ihe sur
face, and is solid. A gentleman of Detroit
ha-in his possession stone hammers found at
th * same spot.
I: requires 3500 to be kept a whole
year to support the Lawrence, Ma-iS .mill- wife
wool for one single day They produce 1500
sluwls per dav. and consume Cochineal to
lhe value of $60,000 per annum Three
! years since there were noi 500 inhabitants in
Lawrence, and n >w (here are 10,000.
Missouri —We learn from the annual Mes
sage of Governor King to ’he Legislature that
lhe finances of this State are in a trosperous
condition. On the Ist of October. 1850. here
was in the Treasury lhe sum of $188,194:
‘ the revenue for the two years e ding Octo
ber 1, 1850, was $520 735; end it is estimated
’ that lhe revenue lor (he next two years, if
here be no change in the pre-nt laws will not
tall short of $650,800. The amount of taxable
properly in lhe Siate is set down at $79 456,
547 ; of which the assessed value of lands is
1 $31.512 391: of town I ts $22 441,468; of
1 slaves sl7 772 180; and o her personal pro
perty $7,731,508. The dtbt of the State is
' I ss then one million dollars.
The Sta e’s share (23 000) of the distribution
fund from the United States has been received
and put to the cred t of the Lunatic Asylum,
which will be ready for the reception of in
mates next summer.
The Governor speaks decidedly in favor of
Internal Improvements, and particularly of
the Pacific Railroad arid the Hannibal and St.
Joseph Railroad. He proposes that lhe S’ate
shall lend its crei.hr
TVTrni “p i ugiffles; and it charters should bo
a-ked for other roads ho thinks they ought to
be granted.
Hungarians in California—The Journal
of Commerce learns that 100 000 acres of eli
gibly situated land in California, have been
ottered by an ex-Alcade. on highly favorable
'erm* to Mr Brei-ach, a Hungarian in New
York, with the hope of inducing his country
men to settle upon it and engage in agricultu
ral piir-mls
Shocking Death —An old man, named
Conner, aged abouty s x y-one or two yers,
came to a sudden and awful death on Wednes
day last at Branchville. The old gentleman
was walking round and gazing about, and hav
stopped on the railrod track, was, without pre
vious notice, suddenly run upon by the loco
rnuti'e “ Rio Grande ” attached to a burthen
train, and his head and arm completely sever
ed from the body. The body was then caught
under the ash-pan, ripped up. and mangled
in a frightful manner. Persons ought to be
exceedingly careful how they venture on lhe
railroad track, and engineers should be made
to pay dearly for thus trifling with human life
wlv n they have the note of wa-ning always in
their reach, and fail to use it — Ch. Sun.
It is affirmed that nego'ialions fora marri igo
between tbe Emperor of .Austria and lhe
Pr.ncess Sidonia of Saxonv have been brought
to a conclusion, and that the inarri ge will be
celebrated next May with great splendor. The
Princess is »‘nly 17. and very beautiful. Her
father the Prince John, brother of the reign
ing King, is, owing to the latter having no
offspring, next heir to the throne. — English
Paper.
One day last month the people of St Paul,
(Minesota) witnessed a superb ao’ar exhibition.
From sunrise to sunset, three suns of equal
brightness and too dazzling for lhe naked eje,
apparent’y arose at once in lhe horizon, and
the ground being covered with snow, poured
forth a deluge of light, far more intense
than is usually witnessed. A stream of pow
erful refrae’ed rays was blazing down from
the real sun in lhe cenire, like the blazing
beard of a fiery cornet, while on each side of
(tie sun, like the segments which form ft paren
ihesis—thus ( ) hin g a brilliant suu-dog,
with a local point in the centre of each, in
tensely lum no us ; so that the two suns, the
offspring of the sun by refraction, shone in
equal splendor.
II inois is about to repeal her Wilmot Pro
viso instructions. The Springfield (III.) Re
gister says:
It will be gratifying to lhe great majority of our
people, to learn that co the first day of the present
BL'Ssrn ot our Legi-lature, resolutions were intro
duced in eaeb branch, rescinding the Wilmot Pro
viso instructions of lhe last Legislature.
The rescinding resolutions have not yet been defi
nitely acted upon, but it is well ascertained that a
numerous majority in each ho ly will wipe out the
error which has been the source of so much shame
to our citizens, and so u ucti embarrassment to our
Senators and Represeniativefl.
Jenny Lind at Havana.— A Havana letter of
Bth inst, published in the New York Journal
of Commerce, says:
Jenny Lind has arrived !—Well that Is noth
ing strange, certainly; but it is strange that
her advent created no excitement or even curi
osity.
The first performance is to be g«ven on tne
lO’.h, and the programme presents a selection
verv judiciously arranged, ter ninating with
the Echo Song,' as ’he only one of her peculiar
pieces for lhe evening This is well done ; for
ihe impres-ion must be made upon the Ha
oaneros, if it is to be at all, with Italian music:
such a selection as ha been given at some of
her concerts in ihe States would be here a
dead failure—if lhe “Casta Divia'* is executed
in the style that 1 am told she can sing it, her
success is certain.
The authorities (who meddle with every
thing here ) having refused permission to dis
pose of the tickets at auction, lhe prices have
been fixed a* follows:
Ist and 2d tier boxes sl7 each; 31 tier sl3,
pi* seats s2} ; entrance s2| ; so that paving
for the >eati» and entrance separate, a box for
six persons cunts $294 ° r s2o|, and a pit seat
Other parts of the house (tertulia and
cazuela) are arranged at $2 and as the total
expense —these prices, f n the whole, ftre lower
than have been paid at any of the Concerts in
the States No doubt a great number of f Or
sons will buy only ihe entrance ticket at
to lhe pit or boxes.
Appointments by the President-- By
and with the advice and consent of the Senate.—
J ,me 9 S. Calhoun, of Georgia io be Govern
or of the Territory of New Mexico.
Thomas Nelson of New York, to be'Chief
Ju.tice of tbe Supreme Court of the United
Slates for ihe Tenimry of Oregon, in place
of William P. Bryant, reMgued.
Abram M Fridley, of New York, to be
W nnehago Indian Agent , „ , ,
Consuls —Robert R- Gatlon, of Maryland,
at. Mazatlan, n place of John Parrott, resigned.
Willi im H ol Massachusetts, for Ta
hiti and the Independent Society Hands
Fdward A Saunders, of New York, at
Buenos Ayres, in place of Joseph Graham,
removed
Edward McCall, of Pennsylvania, at Lima,
in plfce of Stanhope Prevost, resigned.
John 8 Gilmer, of Maryland, at Bahia, in
place ol William T. Purnell, resigned
Edward Ely, of Pennsylvania, at Bombay.
Mystery.—A very imposing aud cosily
lombsione. designed fur the remains of the L
i.ietred President Harrison, ha«bet n landed
x- Nonh Bend. The family, a> we learn, have
n jt ibe slightest knowledge of tbe partie* from
whom it came.—Memphis Eagle.