Newspaper Page Text
2
still more complete in small towns. It may. then,
be understood how, at Forlint-Popoli. and par
ticularly on an evening when the threatre was
open, the streets should be so deserted as to
make possible the occurrence now to be re- ,
lated.
“ The first act of the piece had terminated,
and the curtain had just fallen, when suddenly
it rose and disclosed—instead of the actors,
who had disappeared —ten brigands of the
band del Passatore, who, armed with muskets
and carbines, levelled them so as to command
the entire range of the pit and boxes. At the
same moment another party, consisting of thir
ty brigands, made their appearance on the
floor of the house, the issues of which were
gnarded, and, armed w itb sabres and pistols,
menaced the spectators. A moment of stupor,
daring which no one dared move, elapsed,
when the chief of the brigands advanced to
the foot lights, and, exhibiting the keys of the
two gates of the town, said, ‘ Gentlemen, you
see by these that you are entirely in our pow- |
er; any resistance on your part would lead to
disasters which I should be the first to deplore,
but which it depends on you to avert. Listen
then to what I have to say. lam about to call
out the names of several among you. As 1
pronounce a name, let him who bears it step
from his box and repair to his house, in com
pany with one or two of my friends, who will
assist him to bring hither all his hoards.and that
without defrauding us of a pospetto.’ This
said the orator displayed a paper, and com
menced reading the fatal roil. Submission
was inevitable. A dozen carbineers formed
the sole police of Forliui-Popoli. Six of
these were in the theatre and had been gagged
by the brigands. The six others, surprised in
their guardhouse, had offered a vain resis
tance. The burgomaster was the first victim.
‘Some time was of course required for this op
eration, which did not terminate before a quar
ter to 12 o’clock, it was probably to shorten
the agony of the pit and boxes, that two brig
ands went from spectator to spectator, collec
ting hatfuls of watches, purses, chains, rings,
and even umbrellas. When the harvest was
gathered and the booty had been heaped up
on the stage, the brigands allowed the curtain
to fall, and quietly withdrew, carrying all with
them. The money thus obtained amounted to
7,000 Roman piasters.
From California,
By the arrival at New York on Friday and
Saturday of the steamships North America
and Empire City from Chagres, we have two
weeks later intelligence from California.
The Empire City brings $750,000 in gold,
and 160 passengers.
The first rails on ths Panama Railroad were
laid on the 22d February. A locomotive and
tender were landed on Washington’s birth
day.
Arrived at Panama from San Francisco —
steamer Tennessee, Feb. 9th; steamer Repub
lic, Feb. 20th, with 260 passengers, and sl,-
000,000 in gold duel; steamer Panama, Feb.
31st, with 5U passengers, and $1,000,000 in
gold dust.
Some failures had occurred at San Francis
co, and in one ease the debtor had absconded.
A bill has been introduced in the Senate to
provide for the collection of demands against
the State by bringing suits in any of the Dis
trict Courts.
The schooner Sierra Nevada had arrived
al San Francisco in thirty days from China.
There had been no choice of United States
Senator in California. The choice lay be
tween Fremont and T. Butler King. The
election was to take place in two or three days.
It was thought that Fremont was gaining
ground.
A bill to remove the capital of the State
from San Jose to Vallejo, had passed the Sen
ate. .
There are now forty-five steamers plying on
the rivers of California.
The weather in California continues delight
ful. The days have been for a long time
warm enough for comfort, and the nights not
disagreeably cool. Although the rainy season
commenced on the third day of November,
not two inches of rain had fallen up to the
first of February.
A railroad is in contemplation from Santa
Clara Valley to San Francisco.
The “Alta Californian Extra,” issued al 3
o’clock, just as the steamer was about to leave,
contains the following from their special re
porter :
Gold along ike Sea SAorc.—Herewith we
give the account of our reporter, whom we
sent up on the Chesapeake for the special pur
pose of seeing and reporting the facts respect
ing that region which has caused so much ex
citement lately. He has no object in coloring
his account, and had he, we are certain would
not do so.
The Bluff. are about thirty miles north of
Trinidad, and to reach them is a matter of no
slight fatigue. High hills and deep gulches
are qaie a relief after travelling twenty miles
ancle deep in beach sand.
The Bluffs present to the ocean a perpendi
cular front of from one to (our hundred feet in
height, and extend a distance of about sixty
I. i os. At the base there is an abundance of
Ulcose elate mixed with quartz, and we were
shown specimens of quartz gold, though in
very small quantities. The beach is a mixture
of grey and black sand. In some places the
black sand covers the surface to the depth of
an eighth of an inch and can be easily gathered,
though we must say that during our stay
at tne bluff. the exhibitions of black sand in
great abundance were rare. It is found mired
with scales of gold, very fine, so flue that it
cannot be separated by ordinary washing.
The beach changes with every tide, and occa
sionally no black sand is to be seen upon the
surface. In digging into the beach, the grey
and blask sand is found mixed together, the
grey largely predominating In the rills that
trickle down the bluffs the gold is to be found
jn quantities, perhaps greater than in the blacjc
The Chesapeake landed several tons of
goods at the Bluffs, by means of lines extend
ing from the steamer to the shore, and by
which the casks containing the goods were at
tached. The surf rendered the landing in
boats impracticable. The steamer was anchor
ed nearly a half a mile from t e shore, and in
sounding, (tho lead being greased to test the
quality of the bottom,) several pieces of gold
were drawn up.
The black sand, as it is called, is principally
oxyde cf irou, strongly magnetic. Several
chemists who have examined the sand suppose
that a portion of it is oxydated gold, and that
but a small portion of the precious metal is
visible te the naked eye.
The Pacific Mining Company lay claim to a
large portion of tho beach, and have erected
there leg cabins, and laid in a large store of
provisions, preparatory to working the Bluffs
on an extensive scale. They have a large
number of laborers on the ground, and have
employed a chemist to extract the gold from
the sand, and are sanguine in tho belief that
their enterprise will yield them a handsome
per centago.
The expense of reaching the Gold Bluffs is
nearly or quite one hundred dollars, and the
costof gening provisions there about 50 cents
per pound. Even suppose the success in get
ting large quantities of the so called black sand,
without some economical method of separating
the gold, it will be valueless. We saw men
in the vicinity ol the bluffs, who had expended
all their means in reaching there, aud are now
unable to return.
[Some of the passengers by the Crescent
City, at New Yura, pronounce this Gold Bluff
scheme a grand fraud, and state that it had ex
ploded before they left San Francisco, and that
the deception is merely kept up to attract emi
gration.)
Indian Trouble,. — The correspondent of the
Alta Californian, dated San Juan, Sunday,
Jan. 18, says:
An express rider from Mariposa county ar
rived in this city this evening. He has brought
intelligence of a battle between four hundred
Indians and a party el fifty or sixty Americans,
under the command of Capt. James Burney.
The despatches containing this intelligence are
dated at *' Aguto Frio,” and they state that the
Indians were strongly entrenched in one of
their villages. Their position was attacked at
the dawn of day, en or about the morning of
the 9th inst., by the Americans, led on by Cap
tain Burney.
The battle was a hard fought one. and lasted
three hours. The result was that the Indians
were driven from the village, with a loss of
60 killed and from 10 to *2O wounded. Eight
Americans were wounded, Jof them mortally.
Ona of the latter was Lieut. 8. Keene, and the
ether a Mr. Little. Toe deceased are particu
larly noticed in the despatches, having behaved
with courage and intrepidity. After the battle
the Americans burned the village and retreat
ed. They weie puriued, and constantly tired
upon by the Indians, during a retreat of ton
miles.
But the most horrible intelligence contained
in the despatches is that of the massacre of se
venty-two men by the ruthless savages. Tne
massacre took place near Rattlesuake Creek.
The men were working in a gulch or chasm,
and had stacked their arm , not apprehending
any danger. The Indians camo upon them by
etoalth. aud having secured their arms, massa
cred them one by one in detail 1
A petition tor aid, oigued by fifty or sixty ci
tizens of. Mariposa county, has been presented
to the Executive. The Indians appear to have
commenced a war of extermination.
From Ms Nine Or loan, Pieafuiu.
Important from Central America,—
More British Intrigues.
We have been placed, by reliable authority,
in possession of some highly important iutelii
genoe from Central America, lending to de
velope.still more clearly, the nature of the game
which the British are playing for ascendan
cy in that part of the world, aud show the un
scrupulous means to which they resort in or
der to accomplish their designs.
Our readers will remember the quarrd be
tween Great Bri ainand Nicaragua respecting
the Mosquito shore, over which Great Britain,
defying the terms of her late convention with
this country still claims and exercises a pro
tectorate in virtue of an alliance with an un
breaceed savage, k appears that her aggres
sions are not to end here. She is now about
to perpetrate a still greater outrage upon
Honduras, another of the Central American
States, by appropriating a portion of territory
to which she has not aven the flimsy title that
she basset up in the case of the Mosquito
coast A abort time ago we had occasion to
copy from a Bel ze paper a statement to the
effect that a British Governor was soon to be
sent to the inland of Roman, and a colonial
form of government established there. We
learn that this declaration of intention has been
followed by an actual occupation About the
middle of last month—our dales from )
Ruatan are to February 20tb—the arhoorier
Bermuda. Lieut. Joliy commandior. arrived at
the u I ana with a letter from Sir Charles Gray,
Governor o: Jamaica, stating that if the inhab
itant* would busd themselves to pay annuaii v
to the British Government one shilling per
acre for the land belonging to Ruatw. Bonn
ca, and their dependencies, the said govern
meat woald grant a colonial establishment
and wouk! remit all droits and other revenue-;
ar.Kng to the crown.
So far these proceedings, although in total
disregard of tho rights of Houduris, which
Slate has ever since the war of independence
been the legitimate owner of the Islands, ap
pear to conform to the wishes of the inhabi
tants themselves. Yet the manner in which
this seeming consent was obtained, is u
another evidence of the designing arts w lie i
have been put in requisition by the gs ,
in order to procure 4 a foolhold in Central
A The C fact is, that up to 1836, every person
going to reside on these Islands was compelled
. in n written permit from the Govern
ment “f"Honduras* Till then, the title of
that State was undisputed. A short time after
wards, 1846, we believe, a British vessel of
war anchored at Ruatan, sent a detachment on
shore which tore down the Hag of Honduras,
trampled it in the dust, and in its stead raised
that ol Great Britain. Beyond this no deci
sive steps have been taken until lately.
In the mean time, however, a number of En
glish persons took up their residence on the
island, aud a large number of liberated blacks
from the Caymans were introduced. The En- j
glishmen, headed by a Mr. Ewens Elwin, were j
for a series of years in the habit of laying a
duly of 5 per cent on all vessels arriving at
the port. Very recently the people of the
island, or those of them who were not under
British influence, have been living under a re
publican form of government, instituted by
themselves. About two mondis since the En
glish party, consisting principally of liberated
negroes and Englishmen, held a meeting, at
whichsome fifty persons were present, and
determined to send to the Governor of Jamai
caa petition, or memorial, purposing to re
flect the sentiments and desires of the inhabi
tants. The memorial requested Sir Charles to
decide whether the English Government would
hereafter consider Ruatan as a British colony,
or would view its residents as Btitish subjects
residing within a foreign jurisdiction. The
mission of the Bermuda, referred to above,
was in answer to this memorial. In order to
obtain names to the paper the most extraordi
nary efforts were made, and for the purpose of
swelling the list the names of the children at
the school of the Wesleyan Mission were
added.
This is a plain statement of facts, and we
leave our readers to make their own com
ments. The English have now seized on ev
ery island along the Central American coast,
from Yucatan to Panama ; and when it is re
membered, that, in a distance of 1500 miles,
these islands, during the prevalence of the
northers, furnish the only safe anchorage to be
found, the importance of the movement will
be the more manifest.
In addition to the above, we have received
some intelligence from the main land. We
learn that hostilities had actually broken out
between the States of San Salvador and
Guatemala, and that military operations were
conducted with some vigor. The forces of
San Salvador, after receiving reinforcements,
advanced into the territory of Guatemala,
and captured the city of Chnquimula. Gua
temala, alarmed at this invasion ot her territo
ry, was making groat efforts to raise troops
in order to repel the enemy. It is thought that
she would receive asssistance from Great
Britain. We have already published the ad
dress of the President of Guatemala, calling on
that power for aid.
We have also staled that the liberals of some
of tho departments, disgusted with the subser
viency of the Government to British domina
tion, had ‘pronounced’ in favor of union with
the other States. All that we have learned in
relation to this movement, is that the insur
gents had defeated Carrera at San Geronimo ;
but the next day that general returned and
regained possession of the town, killing about
300 of his adversaries.
From the N. O. Picayune.
Tehuantepec Railroad*
We have been favored with the so lowing ex
tracts from letters received from Mr. Trastour,
the engineer sent on the Isthmus to examine
the Pacific shore in search of a suitable harbor.
His mission appears to have been eminently
successful; and if the first impression convey
ed by Major Barnard of the nature of the work
to be done on the land receive confirmation,
this favorite project of our citizens will be
presented under an aspect that cannot fail to
invite the confidence of capitalists every where.
We await, with impatience, the advices which
will be brought by the return of the Alabama.
They will be six or eight weeks later, and will
be of a more decided tone than the officers en
gaged in the survy have thought it prudent to
assume.
La Ventosa, December 17, 1850.
I hasten to inform you, that at the southern
coast of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, at the
Ventosa, 1 have found an excellent harbor
where vessels of all sizes will find a good and
perfectly safe anchorage.
The Ventosa is a bay situated twelve miles
southeast of the town of Tehuantepec; the
approach to it from the Cordilleros is an unin
terrupted plain; but it is necessary to cross the
Tehuantepec river, the depth of which varies,
according to the season, from two to fourteen
feet, the mean width of the river is 1000 feet.
The river narrows at different points, offering
several sites suitable for a bridge.
The bay of the Ventosa ia large an I shelter
ed. Its shores present an extent of (>2OO feet ;
vessels can enter and depart with the wind in any
direction. It is a much safer harbor than Vera
Cruz; in this latter port, during the northers,
the communication between vessels and the
shore is interrupted.
At the Ventosa, a norther of great violence
raged from the 7th to 17th of this month, and the
sea, to my great surprise, was scarcely agitated.
We passed across it in all directions, and con
tinued our soundings without difficulty. The
waves of the ocean could be seen at a dis’ance of
six or seven miles, and not nearly as heavy as
those of the Gulf. T ■
vVe also witnessed the effect of the south
wind which prevailed on the 3d and 4th of the
month, and notwithstanding its violence, the
waters of the bay were tranquil, and we went
about in our boat without trouble.
The bottom of this bay is in general a com
pact sand, quite suitable for a good anchorage ;
but on the western side there is a bottom
where thia sand is mixed with clay, forming the
best holding ground possible. This part is
2700 feet long by 1800 wide, forming an oval
In this spot the least depth is 26 feet, the great
est 56 feet; almost every where 43 to 50 feet.
This part of the bay forms the best and most
sheltered anchorage.
Our soundings were commenced on the 29th
November and finished on 17lh December.
They were made step by step, repeated several
times on different days with tho minutest care
and moat scrupulous accuracy. One boat,
“American Committee,” was used in sounding
out to a distance of ten miles ; the depth grad
ualiy increases.
Tehuantepec, Jan. 30. 1851.
I have found in the bay of Salina Cruz, on
tho Pacific shore, another harbor where vessels
will find a good, safe, and deep anchorage.
This bay is about two miles to the west of
the Ventosa, separated from it by the peak of
CerroMorro; between these two bays there
are some others, that are small and dangerous.
The two bays of the Ventosa and of Bahna
Cruz are at about equal distances from the
town of Tehuantepec. There are some hills
on the plain which extend from Tehuantepec
to Salina Cruz, but the valleys between them
afford an easy passage for the railroad.
The bay of Salina Cruz projects deeper in
to the land than that of the Ventosa; the ex
treme points, which enclose it on tho east and
west, advance farther into tho sea. These
points are the extremes of the ranges of hills
which shut in the bay. The whole length of
the curve, formed by the shores of the bay is
4 000 yards.
In this bay we remarked that the northers
had but little effect on the water, and we were
able to go about in a small boat whilst they
were blowing.
In my opinion the Ventosa is preferable to
Salina Cruz, for the very reason that the latter
is deeper; and also because in certain winds
vessels could not enter or leave ihe latter bay,
whilst any wind would serve their purpose in
the former.
You will easily conceive that the deeper the
waters of a bay, the greater the length of chain
ihat must be let out, and the greater the dis
tance of vessels from each other ; and. notwith
standing every precaution by vessels so situa
ted, collisions take place when they are
weighing anchor with anything of a breeze
blowing. Yours, &c., T.
From the Scientific American.
Spontaneous Combustion in Cotton —I
see in Arthur’s home Gazette that the Board
of Underwriters in New York wish to ascer
tain, by chemical tests, “is cotton subject to
spontaneous combustion ?” I do not know
whether it is a hoax or not. but you may tell
them to take a small lock of cotton say from ’
to A cz. and saturate it with well boiled linseed
oil, such as painters commonly use. squeeze
all the superabundant oi from it, and lav it in
the sun. in a hot day, and it will take tire by
spontaneous combustion in twenty minutes, —
tn the shade it may be two or three hours. I
have tried it many times, to gratify the curious
and convince the skeptical. The cotton must
be pressed together as compact as can well be
done in the hand, and must not be disturbed
by loosening it after you saturate it. It is noth
ing new under the sun that cotton or hemp
will lake fire by being saturated with oil. b»t
that it should ignite so quick is what has aston
ished me. Some kinds of boiled oil will cause
the cotton to ignite much sooner than others,
owing. 1 suppose, to the dryers used in boiling.
I do not know what was put into the oil when
boiled, which I have experimented with, as it
came from New York ready boiled for use-
A. D. Brown.
Clinton, Ga., Feb. 16, 1851.
[We have known of many such cases as
that described by our correspondent. In
preparing cotton goods for w hat is termed ‘he
“Adrianople Red.” a great deal of olive oil is
used, and there are hundreds of cases on re
cord where such goods have ignited spontane
ously when piled up in heaps It is Bertholett.
we believe who treats this subject somewhat
extensively. Great care should be exercised
by those who are packing cotton, so as not to
allow grease and oil to get among it.
Western Texas.— Corpus Christi Salt.—
The evidences of the great resources of
Western Texas are every day increasing.
Yesterday a specimen of natural salt, found
eight miles from Corpus Christi, was handed
us which appeared perfectly pure, while it is
stated that’he supply is inexhaustible. Carts
are sent out. and the salt is shoveled in with
little labor and expense. What gives it in
creased value is ths fact that the beef, which
is raised so extensively in that sec.ion, can be
much more easily cured with thia salt than
any other, as it lakes or absorbs the salt with
the greatest facility. It is further thought tha
this article, when ground, will make a hue salt
for the table, aud for all cooking purposes.
We repeat tnat the existence of this salt
will be oi immense service to the region ol
country where it is found, and our readers are
well aware of the importance of the section in
the vicinitv of Corpus Christi. Ibe best
grazing lauds m the world extend back iu
almost every direction, the mosquito andbuf-1
fain grass flourish to an extent, water abounds,
and the temperature of the climate supersedes
the necessity of feeding every description of
stock during the winter. In addition, the
steamers of Harris & Morgan, as they run
along tho Toxas coast, touch at Aransas Pass,
the entrance to Corpus Christi Bay, and now
that the California fever has subsided we can
not doubt that the emigration to Western Tex
as, and in fact to all parts of the State will
continue to increase.— Picayune
From Ike N. O. Picayune, Bth inti.
From Texas,
By tho arrival of the steamship Globe wo
have received Galveston papers to the 4th
instant.
The Austin Stale Gazette says it is rumored
that Gen. Brooke is making arrangements at
an early day to set in motion a strong expedi
tion against the Indians, whose continued an
noyances and outrages render it necessary to
adopt some such decisive measures, or aban
don tho frontier to their mercy. It is contem
plated to place tho expedition under the com
i mand of Gen. Harney, who had left for San
Antonio to confer with tho commanding gen
eral on the subject
The San Antonio Ledger of the 19th ult.
says;
From Dr. Kingsbury wo learn that on last
Saturday four men of Capt. McCown’s com
pauy of volunteers, going from Musenbach’s
to their camp, came across some Indians driv
ing off horses. The Indians fled on seeing
the men. and the horses rau oft’; nose had
been recovered when he left It is probable
that these were the horses stolen from the
Civile on Thursday night last, and that they
will be recovered.
The Mexicans attribute most of the Indian
depredations in the vicinity of the Rio Grande
to the management of Wild Cat.
The schooner Blanche M. Sears was driven
ashore on Padre Island on tho 31st ult., and is
a complete wreck. She was a new vessel, and
was on her way from New Orleans with a
cargo of merchandise for Brownsville
At last advices the steamer Colorado Rang
er had nearly succeeded in getting above the
raft ou the Colorado river. A ditch has been
dug, avoiding it, and a slight rise only was ne
cessary to enable the steamer to get through.
The Matagorda Tribune suggeals that the
work on the raft be abandoned and a new
channel opened on the line of the ditch alluded
to, which is more direct; and it is believed
that the velocity of the current will afford
material aid in terming the new channel. ,
A writer in life Trinity Advocae says that
a canal of four miles would let the water from
Red River into the Trinity. A Texas paper
suggests that by this means the Trinity might
be made navigable as long as Red River could
supply it with water, and the trade of Red
River might be brought to Galveston.
From St. Jaoodk Cuba.—By the last ad
vices from the above port we are (says the N.
Y. Courier Sc Enquirer, informed that the com
mander of the U. S sloop-of war Albany, had
succeeded in liberating Capt. Mayho, who had
been confined injPrison, in Hayti, and that the
Haytian Government had agreed to pay dam
ages to the amount of $5,000 to him. Tho A.
was at St. Jago, 13th ult, bound on a cruise.
The Yellow Fever in Cayenne.— By tho arri
val of tho bark Montezuma, Seeley, from
Demarara, we have received Georgetown
(Demarara) papers to the Blh inst., by which
we learn, that at Cayenne, French Guinea, on
the 25th January, the yellow fever was still
raging, with little if any abatement. Among
those carried off wore the Governor of Cay
enne, tho Vicar Apostolic, and Al. N. Padox,
President of the Court of Appeals.— N. Y.
Herald, Yith inst.
WisMssono’, S. C., March 14. — case of Poison
ing.—On tho 17rh inst., we learn that Mr. Daniel
Gladdenand laity partook oi poison, administered in
coffee by their cook, who immediately thereafter ab
sconded. Mr. Gladden very soon discharged from
his stomach the poison, by vomiting, but not so with
his lady, to whom medical aid was speedily secured,
without success, however, fir she survived but a
short time. This has truly been an afflicted family ;
but a short time since an infant of Mr. Gladden was
burned to death in its cradle, and now the partner of
his life has been prematurely hurried hence, doubt
less by the destroyer of his infant, for the woman is
now suspected of having set fire to the clothing around
the child.
We are informed that the negro has been arrested,
tried and condemned to be hung on Friday, the 14th
April next. She is now in jail awaiting the time of
her execution. — Register.
The Freshet is the Appomattox.—The
Editor of the Petersburg Intelligencer, writing
at six o’clock on Alonday evening, says:
“ Bo far from the river having fallen, as was
supposed this morning, it has risen to-day some
three inches. It is now within six inches of
the floor of Pocahontas bridge, and there is
little hope that the bridge can stand much
longer. A part of Rowlett’s upper ware
house has been undermined and carried off,
leaving exposed in its lower story a large quan
tity of lime. It is estimated that tho quantity
of property in this city destroyed and damaged
will not amount to less than $50,000. But, at
this time, it is impossible to make any thing
approaching to an accurate calculation.”
Great Freshet is Pee Dre—We learn
from reliab’e authority, that such an inunda
tion as has occurred in this river within tho
last few days, lies never been known or heard
of since the days of Noah. Neither the mem
ory of that noted individual, the “oldest inhab
itaut,” nor the musty details of tradition, have
been able to furnish a parallel. We have had
but little rain comparatively. Our planters
were busy preparing the soil, for the reception
of the seed, and little expecting such a visita
tion, when the majestic flood came sweeping
over their fields, "marking the earth with ruin,”
and bearing on its turbid bosom the wreck of
Douses, bridges, ahd fences. A largo quantity
of stock has also been destroyed; we learn,
however, that the river is falling and hope it
may aoon be within its banks.— Darlinnton
Flag.
Later ritoit Texas.—By the arrival yester
day of the steamship Galveston wo have re
ceived Galveston papers to the 7th inst., and
also papers from other parte of Texas.
We learn from the San Antonio Western
Texan that, on the 22d ult., tho body of a Air
Howard was found near there, having several
arrows sticking in it. It had likewise been
scalped. Several horses ware stolen by the
Indians tho same night.
Gen. Brooke has issued an order approving
the conduct of Capt. Ford’s mounted com
pany during its recent operations on tho Rio
Grando.
The Governor has appointed Col. James
Reily a delegate for Texas to attend the
World’s Fair at London.
Gen. McLeod is announced as a candidate
for Congress in the Eastern District, and Wil
liam Menifee in tho Western. Matthias Ward
and R. M. Williamson are candidates for
Lieutenant Governor.
Gen. Harney, Col. Hardee and Capt.
French arrived in San Antonio a few days
ngn. The latter gentleman is to taka charge
ol the Government train that leaves San An
tonio sometime in the spring for El Paso
Capt. French had, charge of the Grat train
aver sent by the Government to El Paso.
Tho San Antonio and Mexican Gulf railway
projec’ is getting on very well. The cily has
subscribed $50,000 and other parties SIOO,OOO.
Lieut. Thomas, of the U. S. Army, arrived
in Galveston ou the 16th inst. by tho steamer
Yacht, being direct from Santa Fe, byway of
Chihuahua. El Paso and Saltillo. He brings
with him tho first map of New Mexico that
was prebably over executed from actual sur
veys and observations. This map is on a
large scale, and is a work of great labor and
scientific skill. The Indian hostilities in New
.Mexico still continue. Tne traveler from
Santa Fe to El Paso is constantly in danger.
After Lieut. Thomas arrived at Galveston,
he received a letter from El Paso, date-1 since
he left that place. The following is an ex
tract from it:
Tho Commissioners (jointly) have fixed the
starting point. We have secured the copper
minesand a largo tract of country on the Gila,
which we did not expect. Col Craig starts
for tho copper mines on the 10th January, to
establish a post.
The point established, says the Galveston
News, is the intersection of the 32 1 parallel of
latitude with the Rio Grande, which is about
eighteen miles north of El Paso. From this
point the treaty provides that the line snail run
due west till it strikes some branch of the Gila,
and thence follow that stream to its juncture
with the Colorado. In case said lino should
not strike the Gila or any of its branches, it is
then to proceed west till it approaches the
nearest point to the Gila, from winch point the
boundary is then to run due north to the Gila.
It it naw ascertained that the only bratch of
the Gila the westerly line can strike connects
with the Gila some fifty or one hundred miles
west of the copper and gold mines, and rnna
in a northwesterly direction, leaving the mine
ral region considerably within the United
State*.
It is yet doubtful whether this west line will
even stiika this branch of the Gila at all, in
which case it will have to run a little beyond
tne meridian of 109° west, which is the naares
point to the uiaiu body of the Gila, being
about one hundred miles to the south. This
boundary is considerably to the south of the
actual boundary of Nuw Mexico,as understood
by the Mexicans, and takes in a large portion
of country that has always belonged to the
Slate of Chihuahua
From Tampico.—Wa received yesterday a
file of Tampico papers to the26th ult. These
papers contain funher accounts of the rava
ges of the Indians. Tne details would not be
interesting, consisting us one unvarying recital
of robbery aud murder.
Great complaint is made against the United
States for neglecting to fulfill the stipulations
of the treaty of Guadalupe.
D- Julian de toe Key a has been elected
Governor of the State of San Luis Petosi.
During the year 1850.13,336 persons died
in the cry of Mexico. Os this number 9.619
perished by cholera. Ten were 100, five 101,
one 102 and one 115 rears of age.
Under the title of Deepertador Patriotico, a
lady of the capital is about to publish ahi»tory
of the war with the United States.
Gen. La Vega is abont to be removed from
the command at Tampico and placed in a
higher station The papers express profound
regret at parting with him.
On the 26th us January a severe shock of
an earthquake was fait at Guerrero. I: con
tinued about three seconds, and immediately
afterwards a luminous meteor of immense
size wsisean to traverse the heavens, illumi
nating brilliant:/ the whole valley. It was ob
served to fall on a neighboring mountain, and
on ns coming in contact with the earth, a loud
explosiononsuod. —xV O. Pic, 13thinst.
Southern Cultivator — The “Southern Cul
tivator.” published at Augusta. Georgia, is
one of the best Agricultural papers we have
ever had the pleasure of reading, and we
would advise our planters, who wish an agri
cultural paper, to subscribe for it. The Culti
vator is published aittie low price of one dol
lar per year iu advance — La. Reg.
TOT UTETVT V
1 JCIJu W JujuTLJL X
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
BY WILLIAM B. JONEF.
TWO DOLLARS PER ANSVM,
INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
DAILY, TRI-WEEKLY & WEEKLY.
Officein Railroad Hank Buildings.
DAILY PAPER.perannum (sent by mail,) 00
TRI WEEKLY “ “ ««“
WEEKLY PAPER “ 2 011
A U G
WEDNESDAY HORNING,.MARCH 19.
SVholesalk Business of Charleston. The
great extension this season of the business of
Charleston, in all the wholesale lines, has been the
subject of general observation, and is a gratify hi g
result of the increased intercourse between the est
and the leading South Atlantic emporium. Bills
have been made up by houses in Hayne and Moot
ing streets for merchants in the remote Western
cities, who never before appeared in our market.
The effect of this improvement has been felt in
other branches of business through which is diffused
the activity imported to the wholesale trade. Our
city presents a liveliness which calls for the unr elax
ed energies of both Employers and Clerks of Prin
cipals and Assistants. — L’Tcntng stews.
While we rejoice at lhe growth and in
creasing prosperity of Charleston, in common
with every other section of the South, and
its rapid progress in improvement and (he
industrial pursuits, we wonder that it has not
occurred to the editor of the “News,” who
was a volunteer in Colquitt’s celebrated
“Coffin line,” what a different picture the
commerce and business of that city would
present if his cherished object of secession is
consummated. Instead of that “increased in
tercourse” which she now enjoys with lhe
West, and which has given such activity to
her commerce, *as to call for the unrelaxed
energies of her Merchants and Clerks, her in
tercourse would be circumscribed to the nar
row limits of South Carolina, and her em
ployers and employees, if they remained in
the city, would present rather the appearance
of than active business Instead
•f bifis with
remote Western cities,” no merchant beyond
the confines of South Carolina would enter
“the leading South Atlantic Emporium” with
a view to make a purchase, and if he did, he
would find the Houses in Hayne and Meeting
streets vacated by their present wholesale
occupants, and occupied, if occupied at all,
by a class of petty shop keepers.
“ Johm E. Carew, Editor of the Charleston (S.
G.) Mercury, is now in New York on his retnrn
from Boston. He baa been travelling East to procure
workmen for his large shoe manufactory, which has
recently been opened in Charleston, on so extensive
a scale as even to astonish the Lynn shoemen.”
We congratulate our contemporary of the
Mercury, upon his enterprise—it exhibits more
sanity and patriotism than the columns of the
Mercury have displayed for a great while, ar.d
will contribute more to build up the South, and
render her independent, than all the vapid de
clamation of the Secessionists, for the next
quarter of a century. His example, therefore,
is much more valuable to the people of South
Carolina than the precepts proclaimed through
his journal, and if the good people of that
Slate would follow the former, and repudiate
the latter, which wo feel assured a large ma
jority of the intelligent and reflecting are dis
posed to co, and will do, we should hear much
less of lhe “ grinding oppressions of the Gen
eral Government,” with all the changes in
which the press of that State are now too
much accustomed to regale their readers.
Mr. S. M. Hewlett's Lecture.
The announcement that this gentleman was
to deliver a Lecture on Temperance in the
Presbyterian Lecture room on Friday even
ing, drew together a crowded house; in fact
there were numbers that could not gain admit
tance, so great was lhe anxiety to hear him.
His Lecture was very fine, exposing in a clear
light the evils of intemperance, and the best
possible way of putting it down, that of getting
up an indignation in the country against the
sale of ardent spirits.
His Lecture was interspersed with a great
number of fine anecdotes, which called forth
frequent and repeated applause from his au
dience. He is now making a tour through
tho country, aud we would advise all who can,
to hear him—as he has but few equals as a
Lecturer on temperance.
Disunion. —The Independent, Beecher’s “ high
er law” paper in New York, declares that a disso
lution of this Union is inevitable—that the moral
feeling at the North cannot and will not longer unite
with slavery—that a union of freedom and slavery is
incompatible, morally and religiously, and that dis
union will take place peaceably, ns the moral feeling
of the North revolts al war and the shedding of hu
man blood. This is a fair specimen of religious Abo
litionism run mad.
This paper—the Independent— is owned and
controlled by Bowen & McNamee, an ex
tensive silk house in New York, who have
grown rich ou the trade of Southern mer
chants and the produce of slave labor.
Our object, however, in copying the extract
was not so much to notice this fact, as to call
the attention of intelligent, reflecting, patriotic
Southern men to the beautiful chimeing of lhe
abolitionists of the North, and those exclusive
friends of the South, who are now bending all
their energies to tne accomplishmjnt of tho
same object—a dissolution of the Union.—
Really, they seem to unite as cordially as
Messrs. Rhett, Chase, Seward, Giddings
& Co., in the opinion that the fugitive slave
law is unconstitutional.
Error Corrected.
We observe that our Charleston contempo
raries, tho Courier and Mercury, have fallen
in‘o an egregious error in their late cotton
statement, in the comparative receipts of this
and last year. The error referred to occurs
in their statement of Florida receipts, by which
they make the decrease this year only 4,688
bales, when it should bo 19,629 bales—an
error of 14.911 bales, according to the Apa
lachicola Price Current of the 3d instant.—
The increase of receipts, therefore, this year
over those of last year, np to the latest dates,
is 142,867 bales, instead of 157,808 bales, as
stated by the Courier, and 155,784 bales by the
Mercury.
At a time like this, when the receipts of Cot
ton are looked to with so much interest, and
have such an influence on the market, incal
culable injury may bo done by such errors.
Too much care cannot, therefore, be bestowed
on lhe preparation of reports.
Lord Palmerston—Louis Napoleon—The
Despots.—From a Paris letter, brought by
the Pacific, the Philadelphia Inquirer culls the
following significant extract:
It is more than suspected that Louis Napoleon is
playing into the bands of Russia, with the expecta
tion of gelling bis reward, should a revolution chance
to upset him. We shall soon know his game, how
ever, for it appears that the Holy Alliance intend to
inarch upon Switzerland in the Spring, with the ob
ject of smothering what they describe as a nest of
vile republicans.' They will hare a hard tussle, first
with John Ball, who, in the style of Roderic Dhu,
will put bis bro d back against one of the Alpine
mountains and lay about him in away that will
cause a sensation. If Louis Napoleon joins the
Holy Alliance by playing fast and io-«e with Eng
land, ho will get his passports from the Republican
p. rtyof France, one of these fine mornings, with a
hint that if he values his head, he had better carry
it off straightway. The rumor, alto, is, that Lord
Palmerston will not submit to be checked any long
er, and if not allowed to have a blow at the despotism
of Europe, be will retire from power, and appeal to
England, through the House of Commons. He is
the strongest man in England, and must be Prime
Minister before another y»*ar. When this takes
place, anticipate important movements, rmrereents
not calculated to gratify the Holy Alliance.”
Southern Pres? —We learn from a late
number of the Southern Prise, published at
Washington, that it has not done a paying
business since its establishment. Fisher says
he has been compelled to pay “a round sain
out of his own pocket ” to keep it going.
No true patriot will regret to bear this an
nouncement, and few will fail to rejoice that
a journal whose energies are directed to the
treasonable purpose of dissolving the Union,
is net sustained by the people. No such pa
per ought to be supported, and it speaks well
for the patriotism and intelligence of the
American people that it is not.
The New York Herald states that Howland
and Aspinwall’s line of steamsphips between
New York and San Francisco, and George
Law’s lino, are tc be consolidated on the Ist
of next month, Messrs. Howland and Aspin
wall taking the steamships on the Pacific side,
and Mr, Law those plying between New York
and C hag res. ._
The Legislature cf Pennsylvania has made
provision for the publication of 1600 copies of
the Colonial Records and other original papers
in the office of the Secretary of the Common
wealth.
We learn from the Richmond Whig, that
Edward William Johnston. Esq., of Washing
ton City, formerly of South Carolina, has be
come one of the proprietors of that paper,
and will in a few weeks take charge of its edi
torial depar’ment.
Plane Road.—The Wetumpka State Guard
states that the tolls taken on the Central Plank
Road, at one of the gates, were $195 the first
forty days. This only includes the travel for
about four miles, and the Guard concludes
from this fact that the stock will prove the nos:
profitable of any in the country.
Truth Fitly Spoken.
The following extract of a letter from a gen
tleman in Sumter District, South Carolina, i
o the Southern Patriot, presents in bold re- i
lief the true condition of things in that State:
“The position of our State ia peculiar. She has
been diiven to that position by an oligarchy as bold 1
and rccklesF, considering the intelligence of our (
people,as ever existed in any age or country. They '
claim to be the State. Thoy usurp the prerogatives '
of the people—some doxen of them manufacture, at
Court Houses and cross roads, what they call public
opinion, and their papers publish it and circulate it
as such. They undertake to pledge the State to a
certain course of action, and to squander her means
without consulting the people, and in contempt of
them. Through their public presses they falsify
fact, mislead, and deceive their constituents. How
long will the people suffer their rights to be thus in
vaded, their opinions defied and their interests
jeoparded.”
In connexion with this and as not inappro
priate, we subjoin a paragraph from the Pa
triot :
Secession and “Tub Carolimian.”— Our
friends, of the South Carolinian, seem to think, and
have so announced to the world, that “secession is
a fixed fact" in South Carolina, and that the Con
vention will, when it meets, secede from the Union.
We were beginning to think, from the signs of the
times, that “the fact” of secession had been “fixed"
tho other way, and that the Convention would not
secede from the Union. We were induced to think
so from the quiet manifested in all the other Southern
States, the disposition shewn, on the part of tho
Northern people, the President and Congress, to
carry out, in good faith, the fugitive slave law, and
cease all agitation on the subject of slavery. We
were further induced to think so from the apathy
shown by the people of South Carolina in turning
out to vote for members of the Convention. It is
well known that not one-fourth of the voters went to
the polls at all.
Surely, men representing so small a minority of
the people of South Carolina will not undertake to
revolutionize the Government, break np the Repub
lic and plunge their State into all the horrors of a
civil war and ruinous taxation. In seceding from
the Union, even if successful, South Carolina would
be isolated from the South as well as the North anff
the rest of the civilised world. She would have
neither strength ncr resources necessary to maintain
her independence us one of the nations of the earth.
Necessarily she would have to throw herself under
tue protection of some European kingdom or go back
into the Union humbled and dishonored. A South
ern Confederacy, at this time, and under existing
circumstances is ns hopeless as isolated independence
and nationality.
the IBsion ift meet-
ings for the porpeso of
to lhe approaching Convention, to nominate
a cand’dale for Governor, it may not be inap
propriate to republish the resolutions provid
ing for the organization of the Constitutional
Union party of the State. The Committee
which reported these resolution! was com
posed eqnallf of Whigs and Democrats and
their adoption, as follows, was unanimous:
Whereas, The present exigency of public af
fairs, demands of patriots of alt parties, to unite for
tho preservation of our rights and the Union of these
Slates —and whereas the questions, which have
heretofore divided the Whig and Democratic parties
of Georgia were questions of policy affecting the
administration of the Government, rather than its
existence, and by the course of events, hare greatly
diminished in practical importance, and ought to be
held subordinate to tbe fundamental questions now
dividing tbe country;
Be it therefore resolved, That the friends of the
Union in this State, organize themselves into a party,
upon the principles of the Report of the Committee
of Thirty-Three, this day adopted by the Conven
tion, now assembled, and usa all proper means
for the maintenance and success of these principles
throughout the State and the Union.
i Beit further resolved, That said party be known
as the Constitutional Union Party, and that we are
ready to extend the right hand of fellowship to the
patriots of all parts of the Union, and of ail political
parties who agree with us upon these principles, and
that we will unite in council with them on all oc
casions for consultation and to devise means for their
i proper supremacy.
Rcsoved, That we invite the Constitutional
Union Patty of Georgia to send Delegatas to a Con
vention to be held at Milledgeville, on the Ist Mon
> day in June next, to nominate a Constitutional
Union candidate for Governor and we recommend
the basis of representation cf the Convention now
in session, as the basis of that Convention.
Carolina Brooms. —Specimens of these articles
were exhibited at the last annual Fair of the Insti
tute, from three inanufaetcries in this State, one in
Greenville, by Dr. J. Crittenden, one in Christ
Church Parish, near the village of Mount Pleasant,
by Henry S. Tew, Esq., and the other tn St. An
drew’s Parish, by J. 11. Steinineyer. Esq. For
length and fineness of brush, and beauty, they were
pronounced by good judges, equal to any imported.
Dr. C. planted last year fcO acres of broom corn,
hands, and expects to realize from 15 to 20
dozen of the manufactured brooms per acre The
hands engaged in winding, work with as much fa
cility and skill as white hands at the North, engaged
in the same bus ness, some of them winding sixty
breorns per day, which is there regarded as a good
day’s work. Mr. Tew proposes to plant this year,
three hundred acres, on good eeeond swamplands,
the product of which he estimates at 500 pounds of
brush and 30 bushels of seed to the acre, which will
be worth not less than 40 to 50 dollars. Mr. Stein
meyer’s lands, in St. Andrew’s, are cultivated by
Mr. O. Moore, and are within a mile of the city.
He is making arrangements for extending his crop
and force, and has already succeeded in making a
good yield, in brooms of all sizes and excellent
quality. Specimens from his manufactory maybe
seen at Mr. N. M. P<iter’s store, in King near Mar
ket street, where a good supply is generally kept
for sale.
The seed when ground makes good food for horses,
hogs, sheep and poultry. The plant is a hardy one,
enduring greater degrees of drought and moisture
and matured wit i less difficulty and trouble than
Indian corn. The climate and soil of ibis State, are
well adapted to its production. It ia an uriicle fur
which an immouae amount of money has hitherto
been drained out of the Slate, and the enterprising
gentlemen who have the lead in cultivating It
here at our own do-Srs, deserve to be rewarded with
at least a reasonable rtrare of what will hereafter be
expended for supplying our own market.— CAar.’es
ton Courier.
The signs of the times in South Carolina
are decidedly favorable, not only lor the sweep
ing out of Northern brooms, but also, with a
progressive increase in the manufacturing cap
ital of the State, for brushing out the disunion
ists and secessionists. The investment of a
few hundred thousand dollars in manufactories
throughout the State, will put a ball in motion
that will crush disunion and secession most es
fectually. Tho grey light of the morning is
already breaking upon the minds of the people,
and ere long they will teach the small dema
gogues what is public sentiment in that State.
Dentil of George McDuffie.
We regret to learn (says the Columbia Tel
egraph of Wednesday,) by a despatch from
Camden, that General George McDuffie ex
pired at 9 o’clock, A. M. yesterday, at the re
sidence of Richard Singleton. Esq., in Sum
ter. The event at any time for years past,
would not have been considered improbable
from his condition of physical prostration and
suffering, but coming now near tho anniver
sary ot Mr. Calhoun’s death, it must excite
sadness and regret. The name of George
McDuffie is now enrolled in our list of the
departed, whose memories Carolina will ever
cherish, and to this list the last few years have
made fearfully rapid additions.
The New York Courier and Enquirer states
that the Collins line of steamers to Europe
have averaged the last four trips, over 30,000
letters and over 10,000 newspapers. The post
age per month received by the Government
averages over §43,000, while it only pays to
Mr. Collins a sum equal to §38,500 for the
same time. As presented by this statement,
the contract with these steamers is paying the
Government a clear profit of some §4 500 per
month, and would have fully justified Con
gress in granting an appropriation sufficient to
have placed this splendid line of steamers be
yond the reach of all contingencies.
Post Office Robber Arrested —A young
man named J. Yasser Jr., late a clerk in the
Post Office, lias been arrested by a Post Office
Agent iu New York, for purloining a package
of Reading Railroad bonds—s6,ooo —which
had been mailed in Philadelphia to a house in
England. He has confessed his guilt.
The Colorado of The West.—An As
sistant Surgeon in the U- S. Army writes to
the Picayune that Iho land on this famous riv
er, as well as that on the Gila, is of the richest
alluvial, and capable of producing sugar and
cotton. He predicts tha? this wilfsoon become
the richest part of California. Rich mines
are known to exist on the Colorado, which
have not been worked for years on account of
tha hostility of the Indians. A steamboat is
soon to be placed on the river.
Shipment of Gold from Califobia.—The
Baltimore American is indebted to Messrs. Winter
& Latimer, of San Francisco, for the annexed au
thentic statement of tho amount of gold shipped from
California, from i.s first discovery, in 1849, to the
present time:
Gold dust chipped by steamers, from Ist April, 1849,
to 31st December, 1850 134,570,255
Estimated to Lave been taken by pa?.
sengers 4,571.500
Shipped to foreign Pacific ports and Eu-
rope, coined, man ifsctnred into jewel-
er.- ia Ualilbraia, and forwarded per
sailing vessels, as per custom house
reports 4,576,042
Carried overland end coastwise by mi-
ners from Mexico, Chili, and Oregon,
shipped by mere ban's without mani
fest entry, and amount at present in
p rssession of miners, jmerchams, &c.. 319,000
62,717.797
la the above estimate the value of gold
dust has been computed at §l6 per oz.
troy. To this amount should ba ad
ded 81.50, the mint value, say 5,859,*94
T0ta1#69,587,591
The Richmond Whig states that the Virginia
State Treasury had only twenty dollars in its
coffers on Thursday. The editors add—
Itappears to us advisable, that before the
passage of anv more mud turnpikes, some pro
vision should be made to supply the very ob
vious deficiency which at present exists.
Without doubt, the Banks, for a proper con
sideration. would be disposed to assist the
Commonwealth in her present difficulties.
The Nashville Whig gi«« a! > account of the
first ride on the Chattanooga Railroad, taken
by the citizens of Nashville. The care r«n
out nine miles from the city aud back.
Mr. Rhett and Mr. Clay. f
A Washington correspondent of a Caroli
na paper, a short time since, announced with
quite a flourish of trumpets, that Mr. Rhett 1
was only waiting a favorable opportunity to '
measure lances with the distinguished Ken* t
tucky Senator, when the Liter vould of J
course be utterly demolished. That oppor- I
tunity, whether sought or not, was presented j
in the discussion of the President’s Message j
in relation to the Boston mob. Alter Mr. 1
Rhett had concluded his celebrated speech, ’
(a notice of which we have already published,)
in which he tn »k position with Seward, .
Chase, Giddings, Hale & Co., that ‘ the ;
Fugitive Law was unconsti.utional,” Mr. :
Clay took occasion to notice that distinguish
ed effort in the following sarcastic strain. <
That it told upon the Sou’ll Carolinian with
equal force, as tho celebrated broadside of
Mr. Adams upon the same distinguished citi
zen, in the House of Representatives, when
he exposed with such withering efl'ec: “the
gentleman’s extreme ignorance of the history
of his own country,” no one will doubt.
Whether the “Great Kentucky Commoner”
I was demolished, wo leavo to Mr. Rhett’s
Washington Fugleman to chronicle, and our
readers to form their own conclusions. Here
is Mr. Clay’s reply :
Mr. Clay said that when the message of the Pres
ident was received, and when he rose to express his
gratification at the concents of that message—a grat
ification which would be shared in by tho whole
couatry, with the exception of the ultras at the North
and South —lie hid no anticipation the debate would
take the wide range it nad. The Senator from
South Carolina had told the Senate that Congress
had no powers, except those granted by the Consti
tution. During the trial ot u case before the Su
preme Court on one occasion, a counsel commenced
his argument by adducing from the time of the flood,
some fundamental principles, when the amiable and
bland justice interrupted him by saying, “Mr.
Counsel, the Court, it must be presumed, know
something.” So with the Senate; the Senator
should presume that the Senate know something.
But the question was, what are the gtanted powers 7
The school of the Senator lays down what they con
ceive to be those granted powers ; and all who do not
concur with ti»em in their opinion, they denounce as
Coneolidati-'.uists, as Federalists, as Whigs, who are
rushingcn fc jruin. In the present case, the Sena
| tor r with thqg exception of the Senator from Ohio,
j smade a#ce. >1 is colleague, and the Senator from I
from him. The issue is to be made
up—the Senator from South Carolina, and the Sena
tor from Ohio,(Mr. Chase,) versus the Supreme
Court, the Congress of 1793, and every member of
the present Congress, upon the powers of Congress
over this subject.
They were constantly told that to do certain acts
was to stretch the Constitution ; but what was
stretching 7 What mortal, weak erring man,
would dare stand up and declare that the Constitu
tion means this or that, and that every one who en
tertains a different opinion is wrong7 The Senator
from South Carolina spoke of being a Slate’s right
man. Whinever he heard these gentlemen say
this, he felt as Junius did whenever he saw a Scotch
man smile. (Laughter.)
Mr. Clay then, for more than an hour, argued to
shew the constitutionality of Fugitive Slave acts ;
and in reply to Senators who had preceedeJ him in
debate.
“ It was subseq ient!y passed by the ruling pjwer,
the majority, against my will : it becomes taw
binding law —to which all, even those who opposed
it, must submit or become revolutionists and trai
tors to our country. 1 1
The above extract is made from a letter
i written by Gov. Quitman of Miss., in Sept.
1 1837. in relation to a law, the passage of which
! he had zealously opposed. Gov. Quitman is
now the leader of the resistance men of Missis
I sippiaud counsels resistance to the acts of the
1 last Congress. Are not those acts “ law
binding law, to which all, even those who op
posed them, must submit of. become Revolutionist
1 and Traitors to our country ?
The Hon. Howell Cobb has accepted an
‘ invitation to a dinner, on Saturday next, the
, 15th inst. at the Lanier House. Macon, ten
dered him by his personal and political friends
of that city.
Counterfeit Bills —The St. Louis Re
publican notices two counterfeit bills on the
Bank of Tennessee, and the Bank of Ken
tucky, each of the denomination of §*2o, which
are thus described :
si2o’fl cn Bank of Tennessee. —Letter C., different
Nob. and dates. Those which have appeared here
orc payable at the Somerville Branch. No doubt
others, on the different branches, are out. Engrav
ing in this note coarsely done, and filling up in rath
er cramped, stiff hand, especially the figures in num
bering. Engraving of the clouds about the vignette,
and more par:icularly the work around the “20” in
each corner, much coarser than the genuine note.
In the counterfeit the ground work of the line
Bank of Tennessee, is very pale and can scarcely be
seen, while in the genuine it is dark .and in bold re
lief from the white paper. General appearance of
the note is a good imitation of the genuine, and well
calculated to deceive.
>2o’b on Bank of Kentucky, a new counterfeit,
have also appeared here. This is the same that
came out in Louisville, a short time since, end is re
garded a well executed and a dangerous counterfeit.
[communicated.]
The Life Department of the Southern Mutual
Insurance Company have met with their first
loss in the death of the Rev. Robert Iverson,
of Benton county. Alabama. The insurance
was for §SOOO. and only two payments amount
ing to §223 50 had been made. His family
are thus, for a small outlay, secured in hand
some provision for their future support and
comfort.
As life is uncertain, ought not every one
who has not accumulated a sufficient amount of
property for the support of his widow and the
education of his children, reserve a small por
tian of his income to purchase a life policy for
their benefi . This suggestion is not made to
the sick or the feeble ; they are sure to die
and they know it: but to the hale and hearty,
who are sure to die also, but are accustomed
to act as if all men were mortal but themselves.
A.
The Stock or Cotton in Montgomery,
Ala., on the 10th inat., was 16,404 bales. The
receipts of the week ending that day were only
401 bales.
The Fugitive Slave Case in Philadelphia,
closed on the 12th inst. at night, the Judge de
ferred his decision till the next day.
The Legislature of Nassau, N. I*., have vo
ted £IOOO sterling, for four years, to any
steamer which in virtue of that consideration,
will carry and bring the mails for that Island,
to and from New York.
A small chest of tea, only siztynine days
from Shanghae. China, intended as a present to
President Fillmore, was brought over by the
Empire City, arrived at New York, from San
Francisco.
Alabama.—The census of this State shows
a population exceediug 800.000.
Mississippi—The census shows 300,009
whites. 311.568 blacks—Total, 611 577.
Death of Major Henry.—We regret to
announce the death at New York of Major
William S. Henry, of the United States Army,
at the early age of 34 years. Major Henry
was onj of the most gallant and accomplished
officers of our army, and contributed in no
small degree to shed lustre on our army in the
Mexican campaign.
Removal of Mr. Ewbank.—The National
Intelligencer of Wednesday says :
“ The statement so positively made in let
ters from this city, and extensively repeated
in the Northern pipers, of the removal from
office of Mr. Ewbank, Commissioner of
Patents, we have reason to believe to be en
tirely unfounded.
“ So, also. the statement that Mr. Aehmun
has been appointed Collector of the port of
Boston.”
Preserve your Hams.—/\ correspondent of
the Nashville Banner furnishes that paper with
the following recipe for preserving hams from
bugs and insects, which he says he has fully
tested :
Take your hams and shoulders down about the
middle of March or first of April, and dip them in
boiling lye, (have it strong,) taking them out imme
diately, and cover the flesb side with as much black
pepper (pulverized) as will adhere to the meat; then
hsng up immediately. If the above directions are
followed, and the meat hunz in a dry airy smoke
bouse, I will guarantee it to be free from the devas
tations of the bug and fly for ten years.— A practical
farmer and Gardener
A correspondent of the New York Herald,
writing from Calao, under date of 9th Feb.,
says : “ Mr. Edward Storer, a purser in the
U. S. Navy, embarked with his wife, in Pa
nama, for this place ; but from some cause
unknown both died within two days of each
other ; but nothing positive is known, both
bodies having been buried at sea.”
The Legislature of l.linois passed the char
ter for the Central Railroad asked for by R.
Rintoul & Co., with only two votes against it
in the House and the same number in the Sen
ate. The charter requires the road to be com
pleted to Chicago in four years. A Bank Bill
and a Homestead Bill were also parsed.
The St. Louis papers note the departure
from that city of several of the largest class
steamers loaded to the uimost capacity with
destined for the interior of Ala
bama, via New Orleans and Mobile.
The British ship Ben Nevis cleared at the
Custom House on Saturday with the follow
ing valuable cargo, viz : 3,595 bale* compress
ed Upland Cotton, weighing 1,540 550 pounds.
The same ‘hip loaded here last year, and then
took 3,222 bales, weighing 1,324,587 pounds.
Eicess over last year. 373 bales, and 115,963
pounds.— Sat. Rep , 10M tasL
Ons of the Fruits of thi Boston Mob.—
A friend of ours—a merchant of high standing,
of the interior, has just returned from New
York, where he purchased his supplies of shoes
and domestics. He has always hitherto pur
chased articles in Boston. Os ail of his
acquaintances who were with him io the North
purchasing spring supplies, he knows of but
one who went to Boston. Boston dealers had
gona to New York to solicit a renewal of the
trade. These dealers informed our friend that
they were only waiting in Boston fo* another
fugitive case to show the South what could be
done. We observe (according to the New
Orleans Bee) that the merchants in New Or
leans had determined to give Boston the “go
by r ' in their purchases.— Savannah Republican.
SOUTHERN CENTRAL
HAL ASSOCIATION.
Mr. Editor:—The Executive Committee of
tho Southern Central Agricultural Association,
will meet by order of the Chairman, at Atlanta,
on Saturday, the nineteenth of April next, at
nine o’clock A. M. The Committee are:—
Messrs. Mark A. Cooper, of Cass, Chairman;
Root. Y. Harris, of Richmond; Williams
Rutherford, of Clarke ; Richard Peters, of
DeKalb; Charles A. Peabody, of Columbus;
Phineas M. Nightingale, of Baker: Benj.
E. Stiles, of Bibb; John Cunningham, of
Greene; John N. Williamson, of Newton;
James A. Whitesides, of Chattanooga, Tenn.
The newspapers generally are requested to
aid the cause of Agricultural improvement, by
giving a circulation to this notice; which, while
it gives the gentlemen of the Committee—where
post offices are not known to the Secretary—
information of the meeting, will at the same
time notify the people generally, that the most
active efforts of the Committee, as well as the
most efficient means within their control—and
these last are not inconsiderable—will be devo
ted to the convenient and successful arrange
ment of the next Annual Fair.
The matters before the Committee at their
contemplated meeting, will be the location of
the next Fair, the time of meeting, the lists of
premiums, the appointment of committees to
award premiums, and all other preliminary and
necessary arrangements connected with the
Annual meeting of the Association.
The importance of the business before them
will secure a prompt and full attendance of the
Committee. Respectfully,
Dav. W. Lewis, Sec’y., &c.
Sparta, 17th March, 1851.
Other papers please copy.
Georgia Railroad—A ugusla Machine
Works.
It must bea sourco of real pleasure to every
Georgian to witness the rapid strides that the
Mechanics of his State are daily making to
ward perfection in their various Arts—espe-
cially, when he reflects thateach day’s improve
ment brings us, as a people, another day near
er the period of our perfect Independence. I
have closely watched this advancement, and
have felt my heart swell with prido of my
noble old State as each improvement became
manifest. Several visits, during a brief so
journ in your'beautiful and prosperous city,
to the Machine Shop and Car Factory of the
Georgia Railroad Company, and to the new
establishment known as the “Augusta Machine
Works,” have tended greatly to increase my
veneration for the Mechanic Arts, and admi
ration of the sagacity of those of your citi
zens who have extended to them such liberal
encouragement. It is to the Georgia Rail
road Company, however, that the greatest
amount of praise is due ; and I am gratified to
learn that they are daily reaping a rich return
(in the way of increased receipts) for their
enlightened and truly liberal policy.
If you have not recently visited these two
“Temples of Genius and Industry,” I would
advise you, Mr. Editor, to do so at your ear
liest leisure. lam sure you will there find,
- besides ample material for an editorial, enough
> that is new and pleasing to afford food lor
many day’s reflection.
, At the former of these establishments are
manufactured all the Cars employed by that
j Company, as well as most of those hereto
fore so horribly mis-used on the State Road ;
* and at the latter may be seen several Cars, in
various stages of progress, which are design*
3 ed for the exclusive use of ?he State Road,
together with numerous articles of useful
machinery. The machinery of the first named
' establishment is driven by steam—that of the
t latter by water from the City Canal.
1 would refer you, particularly, to the two
beautiful Passenger Cars —iho “Jenny Lind”
i and the “Augusta & Atlanta”—and to the
0 magnificent Mail Car just placed upon their
Road, as specimens of the ingenuity, skill and
' taste of the Georgia Company’s workmen;
* and. if further proof be required, I would
point you to fho Company’s stupendous
Warehouse, but just completed. This Ware-
»• house is, beyond doubt, the largest and best
e arranged building of the kind in the Southern
country. It was planned by, and built under
l " the direction of Jesse Osmond, Esq., (a native
h Southron.) who, 1 believe, has the general
supervision of the Car and Building depart
lt ments of the Georgia Railroad Company.
e Having recently seen an extended notice,
>t in ouo of the Savannah papers, of the Ware-
- house about to be erected in that city by the
i- Central Railroad, I trust you will at an early
dav, treat your readers to a full description
'i (together with an engraving) of tho magnifi*
n cent new building which tho Georgia Company
has erected. Yours, &c.
Appointments sr the President— By and with
the advice and consent of the Senate.
Thuinae Butler King, to be Co’lector of the Revenue
for the port of San Fra nit co.
William Easby, to be Commissioner of the Public
Buildings in the City of Washington, to succed Ig
natius Mudd, deceased
John S. Pendleton, of Virgini t, to be Charge
d* Affaires of the U. S. to the Argentine Republic.
Ogden Hoffman, jr., of San Francisco, tube Judge
of the District Couit of the U. S. for the northern
district of California.
Horace Mower, of Michigan, to be un Associate
Justice of the Supreme Court of the Territory of
New Mexico.
John S. Watts, of Indiana, to be an Associate
Justice of the Supreme Court of the Territory of New
Mexico.
Louis Lindner, to be Consul of the U. S at Son
neberg, it/ the Duchy of Suxe Meininger Hildburgh
haiisen, in Germany.
H. Jones Brooke, of Pennsylvania, to bo Consul
of the United States at Belfast, in Ireland.
Henry A. Homes, of Massachusetts, to be Assis
tant Dragoman and Secretary to the Legation of the
United States in Turkey.
Samuel G. Braude bury, of Pennsylvania, to be
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court for the Territory
of Utah, in place of Joseph Buffington, declined.
Henry L. Tilden, of Minnesota Territory, to be
Marshal of the Unifed States for the Territory of
Minnesota.
George G. Baker, of Ohio, to be Consul of the
United States for the port of Genoa, in Sardinia.
Thomas A. R. Nelson, of Tennessee, to be Com
missioner of the U. S. in China.
John A. Bennett, to be Consul of the United States
at Bogota, in New Greneda.
W. F. Boone, of Pennsylvania, to be Consul es
the U. S. at Realjo, in Nicaragua.
Allen F. Owen, of Georgia, to be Consul of the
U. States at Havana, in the island of Cuba.
Samuel Eckel, of Tennessee, to be Consul of the
U. S. at f’alcahuano, in Chili.
Robert C. Schenck, of Ohio, lobe Envoy Extra
ord’ary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the'Govern-*
tnent of Brazil.
John B. Kerr, of Maryland, to be Charge d’Af
faires of the United States to the government o
Nicaragua.
Yelverton P. King, of Georgia, to be Charge d’Af
faires of the United States to New Granada.
Franklin >l. Clark, of Louisiana, to be Secretary
to the Legation of the United States in Brazil.
Samuel G. Goodrich, of New York, to be Consul
of the United States at Paris, in France, in place of
Robert Walsh, resigned.
John Howard Payne, to be Consul at Tunis.
William S. Allen, of Missouri, to be Secretary of
the Teiritory of New Mexico.
Elias P. West, of New Mexico, to be Attorney of
the Uni'ed States, for the Territory of New Mexico.
Jobss Turner, of Arkansas, to be District Attorney
of the United States for the western district of Ar
kansas.
George Knox, of Arkansas, to be Marshal of the
Onifed Statos fur the western district of Arkansas.
John Jones, of New Mexico, to be Marshal of tbo
United Sta ea for the Territory of New Mexico.
The Wateree Swamp.—Wo learn, by &
letter from Stateburg, under date of Sunday
last, that the lassage of the made across the
Swamp is now effected by the use of a canoe ;
but that expectations are entertained, that hand
cars for the transportation of passengers, nails,
and light baggage may safely be brought into
requisition, in the course of a day two.— Ch.
Cour.
Heavy Bank Robbery.— Norwich, Ct., Meh.
13 —Mr. Henry M. Walker, the messengpr
of the Norwich binks, whi'o wailing in the
ladies’ room, at the Norwich and Worcester
Railroad Depot for the steam boat train fur
Boston, at quarter past ene o’clock this morn
ing, was approached by a stranger, and after a
short conversation was knock down, and,
while lying senseless, was robbed of his carpet
bag, containing about §4O 000.
Fugitive Slave Case.—Pittsburge, March
13 —Richard Gardner, a colored man, was ar
rested yesterday in Bridgewartar, Beaver
county, and brough to Pittsburgh this morning.
He was immeditately taken before Judge Ir
win, of the U. 8. Circuit Court, and claimed
by Benjamin S. Rust, agent for Miss IL Byers,
of Louisville, Ky.. as her property
After the testimony was taken, and the case
fully argued, the Judge remanded the prisoner,
and he was hand cuffed and placed in tbe cua
tody of Mr. Rust, agent for the owner,
A great deal of feeling was manifested, but
no signs of disorder.
A reward of §5,000 is offered. §3OOO for
recovery of the money and §2OOO for detection
of the robbers. Among trie notes were ten
§l6O noif-s of the Quineburg Bank, each pay
able to Lewis Hyde, dated January, 1851.
Also, §lluOef the Mystic Bank in 20 s, 10’s,
?nd a few smaller notes.
Census or South Caeolina and Charles
ton —The recent census shows the population
ot South Carolina to be aa follows ; Free in
habitants, 283,737—51ave5, 384,720 —total,
668 457. In 1840, the whole population was
594 439, making an increase in ten years of
74,018 Os this, only 17,232 are whites. The
increase has been about eleven per cent. In
this state it has been about forty-five per
cent.
The population of Charleston is—lower
wards, 32,132, and upper wards, 10,882 —
showing an increase in the population of the
city and Neck in ten years of 1.875. The
gain in white inhabitants has been 4 214, but a
falling off in the number of slaves to the amount
of 2,349 reduces the g<*neralgain to 1,875, as
stated above.— Sack. Rep.
Tesmomials to the Illustrious Dead.—
We learn from the Memphis Eag'e that efforts
are being made there to procure contributions
for erecting a Monument to Gen. Jackson at
Memphis and statues to Generals Washington
and Jackson to be placed in the Capitol at
Nashville, and that Major W. B. Morris has
been appointed by the Governor Commission
er for the Western Division of the State for
this purpose. The commissioner is allowed
by the act of Assembly contemplating these
structures 5 percent, upon his collections.—
Banner.
PorvLATios or Ohio — The total white
population of Ohio, at the close of 1850, was
1,957,465; the colored population amounted
to 23,495; thus making a total of white and
colored of 1,980 960 or 19,040, leas than two
tn. Ilion, o: inhabitants. At the beginning of the
present century, Ohio had a population of 45,-
365 ; in 1810, it had increased to 230,760 ;in
1820, to 581 434; in 1830, to 937,903: in
1840, to 1,519,467 ;and in 1850, to 1,980,967;
making an increase in the last ten years of
461,493.
RLossuTb and his Companions*
The President of the United States yesterday com
municated to the Senate, in response io a late resolu
tion of that body, a correspondence between tbe
Secretary of State and other Ministers of the Go
vernment, in lelation to the release of Louis Kossuth
and his companions in exile from their confinement
in the Turkish dominion, and their removal to the
United States. From this correspondence, which,
we are informed, is quite voluminous, our Reporters
have selected the subjoined Letters, as comprising
the portion which at the present moment will be moat
I interesting to tbe public.
The Secretary of State to Mr. Drown.
I'efautmbnt of State, >
Washington, February 22, 1851. )
Sin: Being desirous to know the exact condition
in which the Hungarian exiles are, and what tbe
intentions of the Turkish Government ere supposed
to be in regard to them, I wo ild be obliged to you if
you would give me such information on this subject
as you may possess. Yours, respectfully,
Daniel Webster.
Jqhn P. Brown, Esq., Dragoman of the U. S.
(legation at Constantinople.
Mr. Brown to the Secretary of Slate.
Washington, February 23, 1851.
Sir : I have had the honor to receive your letter of
the 22d instant, in which >ou are pleased to request
that I should communicate to the Department what
ever information 1 may possess respecting tbe cir
cumstances connected with the detention of Mr.
Louis Konsuth and his companions, now in Kutayish,
in Aria Minor; and consequently beg leave to lay
before it the following statement: When, in Sep
temb r, 1849, Mr. Kossuth and his companions fled
from Hungary and found safety in the dominions of
the Sultan oi Turkey from the united forces of Aus
tria and Russia, they (the Pul* h and Hungarians
together) amounted to some four thousand in number.
You are aware that the Emperors of .Austria and
Russia demanded that the Sudan of Turkey, whose
protection they had claimed, should deliver them up,
and that tbe Sultan generously refused to accede to
their demands. The Sultan, however, as a matter
of friendly compromise, addressed to each of these
Sovereigns an autograph letter, offering Io expel
from his empire, or to detain in it under surveil
lance, any of the refugees whom they might desig
nate. The Emperor of Russia requested that all the
Poles should be expelled from Turkey, and conse
quently the Sultan sent to Malta some two bundrod
and fifty Poles, in one of his own steamers, and they
have dispersed throughout France and Belgium.
Tbe Emperor of Austria asked the detention in Tur
key of such of the Hungarian chiefs as be might
name in a list, which would be given to the Porte by
the Austrian Legation at Constantinople. In tbe
mean time a large number refugees escaped
from Turkey, through the generous connivance of
the Turkish authorities, and made their way to the
different parts of Europe, and even to tho United
States. In this manner the original number of the
refugees soon became very much diminished.
In the Sultan’s offer to detain the Hungarian chiefs,
he made no allusion to any period of tune, and its
duration consequently depends wholly upon himself.
Notwithstanding the pressing demands of the Aus
trian Government that Mr. Kossuth and the others
named in its list should be detained for life, the hu
mane and generous Sultan promised only one year.
The Austrian Government subsequently diminished
its demand to twenty, fifteen, and ten, and finally to
five years, but the Sultan remained firm at his offer
of one year. It was questioned previous to my de
pirture from Constan’inople when the year offered
by the Sultan should commence, and when termi
nate; and as the refugees had crossed the Danube
and entered Turkey, in the month of September,
1849, it might commence with that event, and end
in the same month in the following year; or it might
commence with the date of thelistof the individuals
whom the Austrian Government de.-irei should be
detained—that is !o say, at the end of May, 1850,
(when the list washy mutual agreement to be closed,)
in which case the period of their detention would
terminate with the month of May of the present year.
In the mean time Mr. Kossuth, with some twenty
five or thirty ethers named in the list, and about forty
more, who, at their own request, were allowed to
share in the exile of their late Governor, were re
moved by the Sultan’s orders from Shumla, in
Ruoinelia, to Kutayish, the place fixed u|>on for their
residence, and where they yet remain under strict
surveillance. The Hungarians who remain at
Shumla continue to receive rations and a small
monthly stipend out of the Sultan’s treasury. Those
who escaped to the capital and did not leave the
country forfeited this pecuniary assistance, and con
sequently soon fell into very destitute circumstances.
Many of the latter found employment in the service
of benevolent Mussulmans ; others were employed in
the Sultan’s army, and a good number unbraced
Islamism, in the hope of receiving military prefer
ment. Contributions were made among the foreign
legations and among the foreign residents in Pera fur
the relief of the more needy, and the Turkish min
isters never failed to aid those whose peculiar desti
tution was made known to them.
This was the position of the affair when I left Con
stantinople, May 20:h of last year, and in the expec
tation ihat the year for which Mr Kossuth was lobe
detained would tcrmina'e in the month of la«t Sep
tember, I fully believed that he would, ere this, have
been released, and in the enjoyment of tho blessing
of liberty in the United States. It was the Sultan’s
promise, contained in iiis autograph letter to the
Emperor of Austria, which prevented his Govern
ment from accepting the generous offer of the late
lamented President to convey Mr. Kossuth and bis
friends to the United States in one of our public ves
sels, which offer was made in March last, through
the Minister resident ol the United States at Con
stantinople. The Sultan, I cannot but fed confident,
has no desire or interest in tho detention of Mr.
Kossuth, and would be most happy, 1 believe, to be
released from tbe expense and inconvenience which
it occasions him. And whilst the Turkish Govern
ment decided not to permit him to be conveyed to this
country in the steamer Mississippi, which vessel was
proposed to it for that purpose, some of the Sultan’s
ministers expressed tho most positive assurances—in
which I still place confidence—that his detention
should not be prolonged beyond the peiiod of one
year.
During tho last summer, the Turkish Govern
ment offered to the Minister resident to send the Hun
garians to Liverpool in one of the Sukan’t; steamers,
in case his Government would provide means for
their conveyance to this country, and, frem tbe cir
cumstance that the period of their departure from
Turkey would have ueen about the month of Sep
tember, one year from the date of their entrance
into the Sultan’s dominions, J am induced to believe
that Mr. Kossuth would have been of their number.
The Minister resident, not feeling himself at liberty
to bind the Government, flora the want of any au
thority to do so, the Hungarians were not !
also apprehend tliatnhe Austrian Governis
time made serious opposition to his release, and that
the Sultan was induced by it to defer it until a more
favorable opportunity should offer.
1 am privately informed from Constantinople, un
der date of the 11th ultimo, that the Sultan had
brought three hundred of the refugees from Shumla
to Crnstantinople, probably all that remained there
of the original four thousand, and was about to em
bark them in a vessel chartered by him for England,
and that he had given to ouch one one thousand
piastres, (840.) with which to defray their expenses
to this country, where they were desirous of proceed
ing, for the purpose of engaging in agricultural pur
suits. The same letter adds, that at that time there
wa3 nothing certain known about Mr. Kossuth’s re
lease
In view of the proceeding, I would respectfully
suggest that the President direct the Minister resi
dent at Constantinople to renew, as early as practica
ble, to the Turkish Government, the offer of his late
amented predecea.’or to convey Mr. Kossuth, and
such of his friends as may desire to accompany him,
to the United Slates in one of our public vessels.
For this purpose, the steamer Mississippi, now in the
Mediterranean squadron, might be ordered to pro
ceed to Constantinople. And in the conviction which
I entertain that the Sultan’s Government will be
disposed to release Mr. Kossuth and the other exiles
at Kutayish at the end of next May, 1 also believe
that this offer will then be very opportune, and ena
ble the Sultan and his present enlightened Ministers
to carry their humane intentions into effect, without
exciting the apprehensions of the Austrian Govern
ment, which would not wish Mr. Kossuth to be set
at liberty, and be permitted to remain so near to the
Hungarian frontier as Constantinople.
I have the honor to be, sir, with great respect, your
obedient servant,
John P. Brown, U. S. Dragoman.
Hon. Daniel Webster, Sec’y of State, U. S.
iWr. Webster to Mr. Marsh.
Department of State, )
Washington, February 28, 1351. )
Sir: — I am directed by the President to address
you on the subject of the Hungarian refugees, who
are now in the Turkish dominions.
It is understood by this Government that Mr.
Kossuth and forty or fifty others, his companions,
are in confinement in Kutnyish, in Asia Minor,
where they have been fora year or more, and that
they continue to feel an earnest desire to come to
the United States.
By a despatch of my predecessor you were in
structed to offer to the Sublime Porte to receive Mr.
Kossuth and bis companions on board of one of the
national ships of the United States to convey them
to tins country.
It would have been extremely gratifying to the
Government and people of the United Statew if thia
proposition could ha/e been at that time accepted ;
but it is understood that its not having been complied
with by the Sublime Porte did notarise from a wish
on his Imperial .Majesty's part to detain them, or
from any unwillingness that they should proceed to
the United Slates but was in consequence of the
Sultan’s offer to Austria to detain these persons for
one year; at the expiration of which time, unless
further conventions should be entered into to prolong
their detention, they should be at liberty to depart.
If thia be so, the time is near at hand when their
release may be expected, and when they msy be
permitted to seek an asylum in any partof the world
to which they shall be able to procure the means of
transportation.
It is confidently hoped that the Sublime Porte has
not made, and will n t make, any new stipulation
with any Power fur their further detention ; and
you are directed to address yourself urgently,
th ugh respectfully, to the Sublime Porte on this
question.
You will cause it to be strongly represented that,
while this Government has - o desire or intention to
interfere in any manner with questions of public
policy or international or municipal relations of other
Governments, not affecting the lights or its own citi
zens; and while it has entire confidence in the jus
tice, and magnanimity, and dignity of the Sublime
Porte, yet, in a matter of such universal interest, it
hopes that suggestions, proceeding from no other
motives than those of friendship and respect for the
Porte, a desire for the continuance and perpetuity of
its independence and dignified position among the
nations of the earth, and a sentiment of commisera
tion for the Hungarian exiles, may be received by
the Porte in the same friendly spirit in which they
are offered, and that the growing good feeling and
increasing intercourse between the two Governments
may be still further fostered and extended, by a
happy concurrence of opinion and reciprocity of
confidence upon this as upon all other subjects.
Compliance with the wishes of the Government and
People of the United States in this respect will be
regarded as a friendly recognition of their interces
sion, and as a proof of national good-will and re
gar.i.
The course which the Sublime Porte pursued in
refusing to allow the Hungarian exiles to te seized
upon its soil by the forces ot a foreign State, or to
arrest and deliver them up itself to their pursuers,
was hailed with universal approbation, it might be
said with gratitude, every where throughout the
United States; and this sentiment was not the less
strong because the demand upon the Sublime Porte
was made by Governments confident in their great
military power, with armies in the field of vast
st re gtb, flushed with recent victory, and whese
purposes were not to be thwarted, or their pursuit
stayed, by any obstacle leas than the interposition of
tn empire prepared to maintain the inviolability of
its territories, and its absolute sovereignty over its
own soil.
This Government, jealous of its own territorial
rights, regarded with great respect and hearty ap
probation the firm and lofty position assumed by bis
Imperial Majesty at that time, and so proudly raain
lamed under circumstances well calculated to in
spire doubt, and against demands urged with such
gravity, and supported by so formidable an array,
ills Imperial Majesty lelt that ke should be nolong
:r an independent Prince if he consented to be iefs
tian the Sovereign of hie own dominions.
While thus regarding the political position and
jondnet of the Sublime Porte, in reference to ctber
lowers, bis Majesty’s generosity in providing for
he wants of the fugitives, thus unexpectedly, and
n so great qumberaj throwing themselves upon his
-rotection, is considered equally worthy of udac-ira
ion.
Ou tbe other hand, it is not difficult to conceive
rhat may have been the considerations which led
ae Sublime Pone to consent to remove these per»u3
| from them to repair to the in- 1
terior, anuinere to remain for a limited time. ’
A great attempt at revolution against the establish
ed authorities of a neighboring State, with which
lue Sublime Porte was at peace, and with which
desired to preserve friendly relations, had only
been suppressed. The chief actors in that attempt
had escaped into tbe dominions of the Porte. To
permit them to remain upon its frontiers, where they
might project new undertakings against that State,
and into which, if circumstances favored, they
could enter in arms at any time, might well have
been considered dangerous to both Governments;
and the Sublime Porte, while prelecting them, might
certainly also prev*?nt their occupying any each
position in its own dominions as ehould give just
cause of alarm to neighboring and friendly Powers.
Their removal to certain Realities might also be ren
dered desirable by eonsideratfone of convenience to
the Sublime Porte itaelf, upon whose charity and
generosity such numbers had so suddenly become
dependent.
The detention of these persons for a short period
of time, in order that they might not at once repair
to other parts of Europe, to renew their operations,
was a request tint it was not unnatural to make, and
was certainly in the discretion of the Sublime Porte
to grant, without any sacrifice to its dignity, or any
want of kindness towards the refugees.
But at this time all possible apprehensions of
danger or disturbance, to result from their liberation,
has ceased.
It is now more than a year since tho last Hunga
rian army surrendered, and the attempt at revolution,
and the establishment of an independent Govern
ment, in which they were engaged, were most stern
ly crushed by the united furies of two of the great
est Powers of Europe.
Their chief associates are, like themselves, in
exile, or they have perished on the field, or on the
scaffold, or by military execution ; their estates are
confiscated, their families dispersed, and every castle,
fortress, and city of Hungary is in the possession of
the forces of Austria. They themselves, by their
desire to remove so far from the scene of tbeir late
conflict, declare that they entertain no hope or
thought of other similar attempts, and wish only to
► be permitted to withdraw themselves altogether ,
from all European association, and seek new homes
■ in the vast interior of the United States.
I For their attempt at independence they have most
* dearly paid; and now, broken in fortune and in
heart, without home or country, a band of exiles,
s whose only future is a tearful remembrance of tbe
- past, whose only renuest is to spend their remaining
1 days in obscure industry, they wail the permission
of his Imperial Majesty to remove themaAlves, and
all that may remain to them, across the ocR? n lo th®
uncultivated regions of America, and leav6»fo rever
a continent which to them has become more
than the wilderness, more lone and dreary than
desert.
Tbe people of the United States expect from the
generosity of the Turkish monarch that this permis
sion will be given. They wait to receive there ex
iles on their shores, where, without giving just cause
of uneasiness to any Government, they may enjoy
whatever of consolation can be afforded by sympa
thy for their sufferings, and that assistance in their ’
necessities which this people have never been late
in offering to any, and which they are not now for *
tbe first time called upon to render.
Accustomed themselves to high ideas of national
independence, the people of the United States would .
regret to see the Government of the vast empire of
Turkey constrained by the force of circumstances to
exercise the duty of keeping prisoners for other
Powers.
You will further say to the Sublime Porte, that if,
as this Government hopes and believes, Mr. Kossuth
and his companions are allowed to depart from the
dominions of his Imperial Majesty at the expiration
of the year commencing in May, 1850, they will find
conveyance to the United States in some of its na
tional ships now in the Mediterranean Sea, which can
be spared for that purpose, and you will, on receiv
ing assurances that these persots will be permitted
to embark, ascertain precisely their number, and im
mediately give notice to the commander ol the V. S.
Squadron on that station, who will receive order?
from the proper authorities to be present with such or
the ships as may be necessary, or can leave tbe sta
tion, to furnish conveyance for Kossuth and bis com
panions to the United States.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Dan’l. Webster.
Geo. P. Marsh, Esq., Constantinople.
From the Louisville'Journal.
Two or three weeks ago, a
sweet piece of poetry addressed by cbarm
ing young correspondent, at Mt to
her cousin. Miss L. Virginia Smith,
few btief months, has written her name high or?
the sky of fame in le:ters of blazing electricWjiS
We anticipated a response from Miss L. V 8-
to her lovely cousin, and here it is. Is it not,
beautiful!
TO MISS M. J. S.
* Cousin, mind
Thy gentle greeting to my bosom steals,
As sweetly as the wild biid’s roundelay,
And my heart thanks thee as it would a bird,
! With tender tribute —soft and balmy tears.
’ Thou art beside me, with thy tresses like
r The golden flash of waters, with thy cheek
J Os pearly roses, and thine eyes where heaven
; Burns in its own blue lustre. Flashing far
From out its depth of dreamy mystery,
j Bright feelings sparkle like the radiance caught
, From Shattered rainbows. Thine angelic soul
_ Wears tbe deep glory of its native sky,
j And flings its rich reflection over mine.
If pulses throb, ’tis but to answer thee—
Eyes are “ love-orbs” because they gaze on thee ;
’ And if my brow was e’er an “angel-home,”
* ’Twas when it* bright-winged visions bore my soul
' To thine embrace, an angel's dwelling-place,
Tby soft and snowy bosom.
s Life, with us,
i Is in its blushing morning; yet diverse
’ Upon each glowing heart existence falls,
i Its light and shade. Thou hast a happy home,
i And friends who woo thee with entrancing smiles
And soothing voices, and thy lovely I fe •
Is one sweet sunshine —may it ever be,
For thou, in thine unshadowed loveliness,
Deserv'st it well. And if a passing thought
> Os me should pain thee, gentle one, forget, |
Nor even dream o» her who, ’ike a proud
And wild Ziagara, wanders forth alone
i Through life’s wide labyrinthine solitudes,
A homeless child, yet happy, for she culls,
s From Naiure’s world- wide halls, a thousand friends
And twice as many playmates. Her young soul ■
Springs to the sun as though he were her sire,
And she exultingly were crowned the child
Os glory and of flame ; the star of eve
Sle -Is from the sunset witb a
A spirit << the i ret z<*. l<> <■ Id her form
W Io v !•"'ir pinion.,, and to
Warm, dew k hwjf on h* r lip and brow.
(Li! ne’er w :h I.ivrr’s tone r.l foft, so sweet,'
As is tbo iow-voiced night wind—m ver could /
Deep passion’s mute caresses wake her heart 3
To wilder raptures |.
I could wish for thee
A cbainless life, a c harmed existence, where
Bright hopes r. re only formed to fade away
In glad fruition, and its every breath
Is lull, deep, overflowing ecstacy.
And now farewell I I press my lipa to thine,
Rosy and passionate ; dost hear its Bolt
“ God bless thee ?”
Banks.—The February number of that most
excellent periodical, The Banker’s Magazine,
has the following statement respecting the
Banks of the several States, and their ag
gregate capital at the close of the year 1850 :
States. No. of Banks. Capital.
Maine 35 $3,510,000
New Hampshire 22 2,205,000
Vermont 27 2,225,000
Massachusettsl3o 38,260,005
Rho<e Island 63 11,179,872
Connecticut 42 10,073,101
New Yorkl9s 48,976,868,
Delaware 9 1,440,000
Louisiana- 5 16,600,000
New Jersey 26 3,754,900
Pensyl vania 53 18,609,781
Georgia 17 5,329,215
Maryland 24 9,072,873
Virginia 35 9,713,100
North Carolina 19 3,650,000
South Carolina 14 11,431,183
District of Columbia 4 1,182,300
Mississippi • 1 100,000
Ohio 57 7,427,171
Kentucky 26 10,180,000
Alabama 2 2,000.000
Indiana 13 2,082 910
Tennessee 21 8,165,197
Missouri 6 1,208,751
Wisconsin 1 225.0 0
lowa 1200 000
Texas 1 300,000
MicGgan 6 762,000
855 $226,902,222
From this table, it appears that w© have in
the Union eight hundred and fifty-five banks,
the aggregate capital of which is two hundred
and twenty-six millions, nine hundred and two
thousand, two hundred and twenty-two doi/arf,
and that xMassachusets possesses nearly one- L
sixth part of the banking capital of the United 1
States, yet we learn from the Boston pa- 1
pers that applications for an increase of bank
ing capital there are more numerous and more
urgent than in any other S'ate of the Union,
though the population does not amount to one
twenrieth partof that of the country. Massa
chusetts has more than three-fourths as much
banking capital as the State of New York, and
more than double that of the State of Pennsyl
vania.
Circuit Court.—The Circuit Court for
this county commenced its Spring session last
Monday. Hon. Robert Dougherty preei
Judge Dougherty is giving general satisfac
tion as a presiding offeer. He is prompt and
clear headed, courteous and fair. His charge
to the Grand Jury was the best we ever heard ;
and we mean by this not that it was
but that it was a lucid and comprehensive ex
position of the law and the duties of Grand
Jurors under it.— Ala Tribune.
From Chili. —The coasting trade has been
thrown open to lines of foreign steamers,
which affords a communication between the
ports of Chili and other countries. This fa
vor is granted also to steamers engaged in
commerce within the waters of the republic.
On the I2th, a fire broke out in a frame buil
ding at Talcahuana belonging to the American
Consul resident there. One or two other
buildings were also destroyed, and the total
loss was reckoned at §70,000.
From Peru — The Presidential election has
terminated in favor of Echenique. Out of
3,399 electoral v0te5,2.485 were cast for him,
528 lor Elias, 258 for Vivanco, 226 for San
Roman, and a few scattering. Some provinces
remain to be heard from, but the result is con
sidered certain. Congress is to meet on the
20th of March.
From Bolivia.— One or two partial insur
rections had occurred. A decree had been
promulgated, banishing all Buenos Ayreans
who were not married to Bolivian females or
were federalists.
Lafayette, March 11. The raina of 1 hurs*
day and Friday last produced a prodigious
freshet in the Cape Fear and other streams in
this part of the country. The Cape Fear rose
upwards of forty feet, reaching within about
10 feet of the Clarendon Bridge at this place,
and backing up Cross Creek nearly to the cen
tre of the town. Hundreds’of persons visited
the banks of the river to gaze on the rushing
waters, with their prey of timber, trees, &c.
The Northern Stage has been detained for the
three last mornings, by inability to cross the
ferry. By a telegraphic despatch from Cheraw
we learn that the Pee Dee was so deep on the
low grounds North of the Bridge that the Stage
could not cross on Saturday, so that we had
no mail from the Booth yesterday or to-day.
We regret te learn that a telegraphic dis
patch has been received in this place, stating
that the Bridge over the Roanoke at Gaston
has been carried away by the freshet.
Richmond, Va. t Marek 11.—A destructive
freshet has occurred between this place and
Petersburg. Two bridges have been carried
away and the United States mail is detained in
consequence.