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Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
BY WILLIAM S. JONES. * .
CHEOMGLK & SENTINEL
w fj m c£2SC2B»
THE WEEKLY
la Pnlill.heJ every tW-JnewLO
ii : .nu dollars per ajscb
as advance.
TO (KOBE or INDIVIDUALS .ending oa T« Dollart,
iIX vufthel’spwwiSbe.eotforooe year, tbaafur
oi.hk.ji th« Aper at the rateo*
HiX (-OPIK* PORTBX DOLLARS,
ot atm copy to all who may procure aa . < aubarribor*, and
orwriwri us the infjvty.
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
DAILY -VXD TRI-WEBRLY,
Ar» ai>o *bed at thia 4*ce, and mailed to aahactlV"
•( if.*; • .viii'/ rLttt. DflUif S
D*:lt f.» '■ifaenU.ymad,. *...*! per «m«a.
Tic-Wantr 4
TERTIS OF AD TERTIS IS®* ~
la If ku.V»—Seventy-fir* eeoja per aqaare (10 hoaa «r
f „ r ftrat insertion, and fifty cen» foraach an baa- I
j . j. II" *
educational. •
~~-*+
F£tf ALE COLLEGE.
FACULTY:
lUsr, fIOBBET 1,00 AN, President.
Hr. J. j!AU>.tfc‘JN LYMAN, A. M., Frof«**<>r of Mfttbe
• r-:.*nce«.
* Wi‘» f'LiftA U. MAKJUKiN, I*t fnutructra**.
(, #lr A Til AN DOfffXTCtf CLAPP, Instructor in Mn»le.
M.w il4KHr«<>a come* with th« h.jfhwt l«ftfmonUbfroa
Mi*, * iLUi.i’*, wait whom h.v beennwocUMdj^ln«
flruc i the “Troy FcauUe SomiuArjTe" *
rrif« T;u>'b J'ivfc* h**« Cb«f»ga<i the ©rtUr of the
JL reqfulriTijf the first £o*ri«gu#f the wshoLietio
b ?M'f’ 0 iW-t^ijr fcHj&ljjHK- ,w ud |
H., <i a * <ti» ■,***!#*■
Fats, oa Acrca* tan.
p»*rUneDt $ 8 «0
As d«*mic “ 14 26
1 «v! -o •• *i 25
JfllMt! 'JO llWiO a 2160
Mod f7u UhnrtiAgM, <*cb 0 60
Dr%wiog nod Paint rig • 860
tleoosu), oh Bnuflo bJweioe.
Prin nt 11® 00
A a«l-.ailc “ 18 73
College w 28 76
M u*ic on Piano 2H 60
Modem Lu juhi/j*, inch 8 60
P/aW DjrtuiiJ Pwsting 11 60
I’rloc for Board, sl2 par month. Several Y’oung Ladle*
can r, • aoo* miuho -in the family of the President,
Furt'i ;T information the regulation* of the In*
■til»: icb may he o»>...Juctl by referring to the Catalogue
an l < irc.i .r.nr by letter to the President, nr any one of
the Fa • d'ty, or to Rev. F. Bowmal, D. D., President of the
Board of A'ru tc «. dl4-w4
J4E3ON ACADEMY, LEXINOTOK, GA
t.*-r';i-csof this Academy, now temporarily sus-
L p mi 1.tr.l be resumed again on the KIrstMONPAY
In J VN r AKY no*t. file Trustees take pleasure in an
nouncing to the people of Oglethorpe county, und to the
pohiic getter illy, that they hav : been so fortunate as to
secure, for au niter year, the service* of Mr. Thomas B.
M-. !, in the *4 tie, arid of Miss K. K. Killiaw, in the Ke*
limit: P.-piutrnent of the Academy. This fact alone, they
coasMt-r u gu uaiitee of success, and predict that the
friends of the Aca l'jiny will have the gratiticalion of seeing
it i;i • more fljnl li.in/ condition during next year than as
an/ pa It* mi*. All who have attended the examinations and
•x.» > i yiis in tins Academy, the present year, will readily
t» . ly that liefer were i'upils more proficient, or Teachers
m ir.' i .'ipllshu l and deserving. The Trustees haying at
their UiApo, ;l a l.ir.c bonus fun«i, are enabled not only to
c . |. |.J the ord if Os talent in the respective de*
j .i ; u ii A ademy, hut also to furnish every con*
vtui mey that may render in»truction a pleasing duty, and
ioar.iii.g a delightful t.sk. They are confident that no
institution holds out greater induct ments to those \vho
wish to givsth ir children a sound, practical education
without fcuhjccting Ciem to the temptations which so often
land Ihctyuting i tray, than Meson Academy.
Students (ire prepared for any Class in College. Board
cjiu bo «y ;L vined In families, or at the Hotel, as low or
. lower tu tnrln uny neighboring Village, There are two
Scido ia, Hpring and Kail, of ox and four months duration
re p rdiv ly. A vacation of two weeks is given at the
clove of the former.
, TERMS.
Pikat CLASS—Spelling, Koadlng, Writing, and Mental
Aritiunetlc, |*er Quarter, |4 00
BkoMD Claw—Arithmetic, Ueography, English Gram
imr, Utiadlng and Composition, per
Quarter, $5 00
* Taiao Clash —Algebra. Geometry, Mathematics, Na*
tmal Philosophy, Astronomy, Chemis
try, Rhetoric, Kvds. Christianity, Mcn
ti;! and Moral Sciences, plr Quarter,.. $6 00
PoOHTD Clas»—Languages, Ancient und Msdern. per
Quarter, $8 00
For further particulars, address
GEORGE R. GILMER,
itO wliio Olt&irraau Board Trustees, Lexington, Ga.
WAHKENTON MALI. AND FEMALE SCHOOLS
ri'HtC sub eriher taker pleasure in informing the public
1 Hut the Trustees have secured the services of Miss
Ax r ra 11. ComH.of Augusta, os preceptress of the Ft
:n ■ ' , and til it t!. Term will on theße
«*<>!ll ;ii . lay m J ANUARY. Miss C. comes recommend
ed oy icentiem *u <*r known character and capacity to judge,
from uti-i and other States, us fully qualified in every re
ap t for liar charge. Mr. Gaoaoa L. Bonnbr, of Colum
bia county, u Oraduato of Columbian College, V. 0.,
who has been engaged in teaching for several years,
has i.e.'u employed to take ohafge of the Male Depart
ment. Mr. 11. is well known as a pc;;ltoman of acquire
ments and good character, and no doubt is entertained but
thatwill be given. No better or more
hmtithfol location can be found in any part of the country.
TtiO:. 1 Si boob are kept dfatinct., and situated indifferent
piu-u of the Town. We fiipectfully invite Parents and
Guardians to a- iat in making these Schools respectable fs
nuoi i •«•. Board maybe had in
private Lundies from fiS to $lO
fern-
WRK>RT'R3ORO' HIGH SCHOOLS.
w>ffi|ll£ Trustoesof these Institutions take pleasure in an-
X nouncing that they hav«' engaged Mr. C. 0. Rioharda,
A. M., totaki of the Male, and Miss M. Augusta
M’ai.K'Ch the l\nulo Departments the ensuing year. Os the
hi.di qti illflcationnof Mr. Richards as a Teacher, his seven
years *»uci***w in this Institution, and the present year at
Auburn, Alabama, give ample proof. For energy, died*
pßne, ap'noAs to toach, and literary acquirements, he has
few equn’s. M.-a Walker has taught with greatsucce«s In
Alftbunn lime years and has given ample satisfaction to
Trustee* and Pairons, as the Principal of the. School the
|n i snnt yc.tr. The locution is healthy, and the inhabitants
of the village moral. Board can he obtained In good fam
ilies at $I u per month. Those desiring to board with the
Male teacher can do so at the same prices.
Terms of Tuition in M tie Department, for Primary Eng-
Hal 2.6ufor Term of o months. Higher branch
; . n I Mies, S2O psr Term. In the Fe
in il- :l“ , Term, for primary studies, and sl6 for the
higher hr riehe* usually taught in “itch Pehools.
The first IVui will commence ‘2d Modday in January,
\m. EDWARD W. JONES,
Wright boro I ,Oct. 10. wt. Tall one of the Trustees.
SOUTHERN MASONIC FEMALE COLLEGE.
rpm: l \I.HCHI> I.f t'li. In.ttmt;on will be rmmned
.1 on tlie thirl MONDAY, In January next, under the
sun-tv Minn t f the following Bonid of Instruction:
Sl. i I I 1.1 ON, A M. IN . sldent anil I'rrfeeeor of Mental,
Mmal and Natural He'enec*.
Kl.lt ItT s. SKVIKIt, l’rof. of Mathematic* anil Euglleh
Llturatitrc.
Mi-1 JANE C ltri.t.OOG, aesletant luetructrew in
Muthem tties and English Literature.
M. f l>.\ a RDY, Prof, of Vocal ntl Instrumental Music
M. V. KK.NHART, Professor of Modern Languages,
Faluting *n«l Drawing.
>t i!> i * 11K1NIC A RT,lnstructress in Fancy Needle Work*
Mini M. c. JUUNSTgN, Instructions in the Preparatory
Department.
RAIRA OV TUITION.
Primary Classe- sl6 00 fer annum
Collegiate Clu-mcs 82 to 60 00
Mu lie on tli Piano, llarp or Guitar 60 0U “
Modern L>uignng« .•*, each 20 00 **
Pointing nud Drawing, each 20 Ik) M
l.oard in private familiei f om 10 to sl2 00.
Tuition per term, payable in advance.
JOSEPH 11. MURRELL,
v \j’. S.»«-y B«*aril Trust*'—.
GEORGIA FEMALE COLLEGE.
Charter,/minted in 1842.
FACULTY:
GEO. V BROWNE.President,
ard Prose s n- of Mathematics and Moral Scisnos.
I.OUD, Professor of Natural BvtonC6.
I. IL BRANHAM, Director of Music.
ilLNia M. HOLTZOLAU, Professor of Belles Lettres.
The Faculty a«i* aided ty a corps ol competent assistants
CXLKNDAR FOR ISoS.
Spring Term c ommences January '.oth.
Pir-t Monthly Examination February IMh.
s.void “ “ March ‘26th.
Thud “ “ April 29th.
: Sunday July Brd.
Vatnt ‘l Kx immation commences July 4th.
Junior Exhibition and CoNUMT July fit. 1 :.
C<>iu:ueaccm nt Day July 7th.
Co meet He increase rs the Musical Department, Prof,
who D novr in New York for the purpose of pro
em i;•; i.i titer hicilities for giving instruction in Musk, has
Ik . u t; n - i rred fipurn the Department of Mathematics to
tha Mu . to which he will devote his whole attention.
i •!• :ui:uer iuf«r;'. t *'ion, apply to any officer of the Col-
K T IIFMIY M. UOLTZCLAU, Sec. Fac.
* >1 • Hsnn r Qu., Nov. Ist, ISA 9. d2l-tf
FESIALE SEMINARY.
rpXiU vu'.UQ.SKj* of t'is Institution will be rosumed
JL . ttii - . co i l MONDAY in January, under tho di
re. tioaol ,;-v. D. Mi NKIIX TURNER, assisted by Misses
111 V.filß* \ .ud RAUUKi'T in the Literary Department,
.m l Mi sCKtili.l.A PKKTin the Department of Music.
4*he toner has wcured for herself in this place, a high
r. y* i., •. -n .%> otU u ougk and successful teacher. The oth
er i . < ire graduates »f Holyoke Seminary, (whose grad
uates h»v in pan years given character to (hts Institu
tU'u.l an i br ;»g imp e toticuouiato of good scholarship as
w. ti as p s: su c . in the businew of instruction.
Hie Principal outers uj*ort his work, with an experience
of twenty years, besides a long course of training under
.wnie of t ve heat touchers in the country.
> . i : i c rard will be had to the original design efthialn
stitutk.n—me ediicn/ioa (Ac mind and <tf tht hearts
f n ~r j,*r to th<- r "'utotioo of the Kfe. The several instruc
tor vi l en.lv.ivor to s*?cure the approbation of the com
tnuntiy.r.t.her by the mental and moral culture cf their
pu\>man by their mere superficial and showy attain-
T leknown he%lthl»«»s of this town, Its quiet character,
th l ' üb.t are of temptations to extravagance and rivalry,
a«. i v dHng harmony among the Vitrious religious
den *v. i uty* consi torations worthy of the attention
of tii - *t , ' > dre to itf'r t th%ir daughters a thorough
s ' . »«, under «uch fhvorable auspices.
i j.r.r.wf tuition perstssion of five months are as
.* til>*s •
■ Department, s2*2 Music, SBS 06
Junior “ 16 <X> French, 10 00
Vr r ire “ 10 00 Drawing, 10 00
Cw. _fnt expenses, 60 Painting, 10 00
V;: -ns, ri weeks at the dose or th? flr*t session, and
fear i. a* at thechise of the second. Pupils may enter
a a y ;ae, and will bo charged for the remainder of the
* oslion. D. L. Wardiaw, Thomas C. Perrin,
Esq . Dr. Luac Branch, and J. P. Biruett, Abbeville,B.
A. P “ •. U.-q ,A. R. Lawton. Esqand Dr. F. T. Wi lis,
> v » ih: A. L. Alexander, Esq., Wm. M. Reese, Esq.,
Washington.
rv order vs the Board of Trustee*.
dQ-wi E. M. BURTON, Secretary.
M'DONOUGH HIGH SCHOOL.
T'llE fcl’lllMJ I'KHM of this Institution, will open
on MONDAY, the 10th January, ISSS.
BOARD OF INSTRUCTORS.
WILLIAM A. HOG KRS, Principal.
Re/. 1 G. McNuRTON, As aslant.
M*v M A LINDA C. DUNS, Assistant.
Mi*. SARAH C. ROGERS, •*
Mi s MARLA L. ROGERS, 44
Tctno*.
Prepirruory Department, let Clas* $lB 50
** “ v d 44 80 50
ColUs : uie 44 each 44 83 50
Music on Piano 40 00
Further information can be had by addreeeing the Prin
cipal a: McLiw.ojgh. d2l-w3m
GEORGIA MILITARY INSTITUTE.
rpHK mxt *\rtn of this Institution will commence on
X MONDAY, JANUARY 10.1*6*. Additional Buildings
havii.it been eroded, there will be accommodation* tor 180
Carets. A copy of the Regulation* will be sent to any
perron uetiriug further information, on application to the
undetwigued. A. V. liRUMBY, Superintendent.
Marietta, Oct. It, 1553. ©S3-wßm
WANTED.
AfclTt ATI ON, as Teacher of the common English
bran' his, by a young Gentleman who can come well
r* oonimeudtd. Would like to comment# the flr»t of Janu
ary next. p©*t paid, X. Y. Z., Berielia, Colum
b A county, Oa oSL-wtf
AN OVERSEER WANTED*
THE r.\DKIIi»Hi.\KD »■ in want of a good OVER
SEEK, to take charge of bi* Plantation in Burka coun
ty. None need apply who cannot come well recommended
fur good and correct habiu. Apply to the tmder«ignad In
ytuguatofc. *l6w# ' wt Wtvxtmk
1853. PROSPECTUS 1853. :
SOUTHERN CULTjVATOK
. VOLUME XL FOR 185 S.
Dr. BUKUEL I
AMD f Editoei.
D. RXMISIIS. f
TEam.—oxe dollaS*a yeas m advsjice
Tin S'irTHmi.l CtLTn atok i* u.- utd »vc rj jnoot h, !
«o<l i. cxclmtivcly devoted t. AtrricAure, iiorti- i
culture, Florjjplture, Doine«tk*u.J F«m EeanAmy,
Tillage and Hiinbandrjlthc Mleedinifand Jt»iarc/
of Domestic AniraalaiWnltrv and'See., .ml the
general r intine of SoiMern l'lsnting au<i Varmimr.
Tb» '.lit number of the near vutamnfer 1 »5*,%{1l
' : m.uwlouthe fir Ami Jinnarf. It will be print-
A on a aheetuO bv 44 inches, each number form
1J STKATIONB. It will aSord tali and free di.-
' uMtion tow ionic* oi iHtntut to tfeo Agrieoitoral
community, and will be In «vet>- reaped ra* a err
Ai.RKXLTvaet ParEiaiN th« Boitb4 ami equal to
any iu the miou! ,
Friend, of teaUiera lgricnltare!!
The CcttrvAToa was the Fraar journal eatabliobed
in the Cotton Growing States, exclusively devoted
to the interest, of the Planter; and a. it haaever
been an earnest and consistent advocate of those
interests, we cob fidently trust that, having fostered
and sustained it thus (ardourcordial andgonerou*
support will be continued and inc-eased.
I'LAjrreus, Fa»u*:w,Gakoetbb*, Krcit Gkowkrs,
ST"OX*RAis::ns,KojuiaKVut:.v, and all connected in
any way with the cultivation of the soil, will find the
Soe-rBEKsCninKATOK rojilete with new and valua
ble infortnaUK and richly worth ten times the
rising sntn at which it i» afforded.
TERMS OF THE CULTIVATOR , a
. o: v year, . ; . • l.vSfl
please forward them as early as possible.
All bills of apxcnc fating Banks reoeived at
par—and all money sent by mall will be at oar
rise.
W. 8. JONES, Publisher.
August*, Ga., November 17,1952.
THE SOUTHERN
prospectus.
ON tbe tint day of MARCH, 18S3. the undersigned will
Imu. the first number of a Monthly Magaiine, under
the title of "TIJK SOUTHERN ECLECTIC,” to be cora
poeed, mainly , of orllv-al HfUctUam from the current /**-
rl.dlonl /Atarature of the United dtaUt, Great J3i Ua*n,
Fi afire and Gervumy.
With this object in view, measures will be adopted to
secure for uur use, the leading Reviews, Magazines and
Journals, published in this country and in Lurope. These
sill be carefully examined, and such portions of theircon
tents, as may be best adapted to afford profitable enter
tainment to our readers, will be transferred to the pages
of the Kclectic.
The Foreign Periodicals will be sent to us by mail , efi
r+Uy fromthMr reap#tit* offltxa of publication; so
tint the articles we shall select from them will not only
he contributions from the most distinguished Authors of
Lurope, but, reaching us without the delays incident to
other modes of transmission, will be almost as / e*A as if
written expressly for our work.
Kxtractsfrom the French and German public* lions will
be translated for the Eclectic by accomplished French and
German scholars.
It will be readily admitted, we presume, that the above
•lass of Literature, when properly winnowed, embodies,
on the greatest variety of subjects, the select productions
of tbe best writers of the age. From the ample resources
thus brought within our reach, we shall attempt to supply
a growing demand, on the part of a considerable portion of
the reading public, for a Periodical in which all subjects of
yanaral and permanent interetts shall be embraced, and
in which these subjects shall be discussed in a style and
spirit suited, not only to the higher Intellectual
but also to the more Practical and Moral nentlmmU of
the people.
In our selections, therefore, from the various depart
ments of learning, those productions will be preferred
which most happily combine Practical instruction and
Kthical preempt with the hiahest Literary excellence.
In relation to general Politics and Religion , we will en
deavor to lay before our readers such facts and such dis
cuodous as will afford them just and liberal views, without
reference to any particular creeds, parties or sects.
As there is no Eclectic, atthis time, in the l ohole South
or SoulA-ioest, and us it ii our object, in part to supply
this deficiency, the advancement of Southern'Agriculture,
Southern Literary Works, Southern Institutions, and Sou
thern Interests generally, will be kept in view as a pri
mary consideration.
A Condensed Monthly Review of Current Topics—Lite
rary, Political, Religious and Miscellaneous—will be added,
which we hope will complete our Eclectic as an epitome of
general intelligence.
It will be perceived that our work is not intended, exciu
lively, for an y particular class of readers, but more pro
|M»riy for all reflecting readers of every class.
Ah inconsistent with our main design of general utility ,
all dry abstractions, unfruitful speculations, professional
disquisitions, sickly sentimentalities, as well as all items of
merely transient or strictly local concern, will be excluded
from our columns.
Several persons of distinguished ability will aid us in our
efforts fkithfully to carry out the views we have thus pre
sented ; and which we now respectfully submit to the con
sideration of the public.
A s we desire to issue only so many copies as may be ne
cessary to meet the demand, we hope those who wish to
procure the work from the beginning will subscribe with
out delay.
Specimen numbers will be sent gratuitously, when or
dered.
Postmasters, or any other responsible persons, who may
he disposed to act as Agents for the Eclectic, will please
let us hear from them. Liberal commission will be allowed.
Tho usual discount will be made to Booksellers.
Editors throughout the Southern and South-Western
States, who may approve the objects and plan of our work,
are respectfully solicited to aid us in placing it properly be
fore the public. Those who may choose to publish this
Attention to its more important fea
ture*) and will send ns copies of the papers containing it,
u» fivMo,
every month, each number to contain eighty large octavo
pages, in double columns, to be stitched, covered, and
printed on good paper anil new type. 1 ’
TERMS.—For one copy, $3; for six copies, sl6. All or
ders must be accompanied by Ho* cash. Arrangements
have already been made which will render the publication
of the work ceitain.
Ail communications to be addressed, post paid. to
<l2 JOHN H. FITTEN, Editor, Augusta, Ga.
IMPORTANT TO MILL OWNERS AND MANU 1
PAOTUEERfI.
Unrivalledlmprovement in Water Wheel*.
IMIK HlliHl’RlßlbKfc arc sole agents for making and J
vending the beot Water Wheel in the world, known as 1
Vandewaters Water Wheel. We challenge the World to c
produce its equal. It has but recently been introduced to c
the public, and found to be far in advance of all other t
wheels, both in power and economy in water, every drop be- i \
tng eilectivc, and none wasted. This Wheel is not in the t
least affected by back water. As we prefer them being j
placed below tail water in every instance, consequently we ;
jet every inch of head; they being entirely of cast iron, J *
riinple of construction, are not liable to get out of order, 1
%nd are more durable than any wheel now in use. We i
have recently put one in operation for George Schley, c
Bsq., at his Belville cotton factory, to whom we would give t
reference. See certificate annexed. -
All orders for Wheels or Territorial Rights, will meet with
attention by addressing the subscribers.
JIGGER, TREADWELL k PERRY. 1
Albany, New York. ]
Or to their Agent, J. J. Kibbr, Augusta. i
[O*HTUICATE.] J
Augusta, Ga., March 84,1851.
Jftgger, Treadwell k Perry—Gentlemen : —I have the
gratification of informing you that your V&ndewater Wheel
was suoceMfully put In operation at my factory last week,
and it worked to perfection. Its simplicity, durability, and <
uniformity of speed, are recommendations alone; but above
all, its highest encomium is the small quantity of water it
takes as compared with other wheels. 1 have been using
one of Revoen Rich's Centre Vent Wheels, of three feet
and a half diameter, and eleven Inch bucket, the discharge
openings measuring 400 inches. I displaced that and put
n one of yours of six feet diameter, with discharge open
ngs measuring 270 inches, and your wheel run the same
amount of machinery that the Rich Wheel had driven, and i
here was a dlflfereuce in favor of yours of eight inches in
he depth of water in the tail race. I feel no hesitation in
ecommending your wheel to all manufacturers and mill
wners, believing it is the greatest wheel of the age. Wildi
ng you success in the introducton of so valuable an im
rovoment, I main, very respectfully, yonrs, Ac.
mh2«-wly GEORGE SCHLEY.
THE MONTGOMERY MANUFACTURING COM.
PANY'B iron works.
MONTGOMERY. ALABAMA.
\,f AXI FArrillK, in superior style, Hor'xontal and
M Upright STEAM ENGINES, of all sises; Steam
BOILERS ; LOCOMOTIVES ; Cast Iron WATER WHEELS;
Sugar MILLS ; Saw and Grist Mill IRONS, of every varie
ty, Hoxie's continuous feet for Saw Mills;) En
gine and Hand LATHES; Iron and Brass CASTINGS, of all
kinds, Ac., Ac.
All orders filled with despatch.
ap29 GINDRAT A CO.
IMPORTANT TO MANUFACTURERS.
'JMIK SIBM KIBK .8 are prepared to supply all
CiWoN AND WOOLEN MACHINERY,
>f a superior qualitv, SHAFTING and MILL GEARING,
irlth improved Coupling and Pulleys, Self-Oiling Hangers
which require oiliug only ence in three months); LOOMS,
f a great variety of Patterns, for Fancy and Twilled Goods,
coin One to Eighteen Shuttles; also, for Plain Goods, capa
ble of running from 150 ta 170 picks per minute.
They are enabled, from their extensive improvements, to
produce YARNS and GOODS, with comparatively little
abor; and all Manufacturers, before purchasing their Ma
hinery. will do well to visit Philadelphia and vicinity,
vtwro rhsy can see the Machinery with all the latest im
provements, in full and successful operation ; or they can
t»e referred to Factories in almost every State South and
'Vest, by a ldreeaing a line to the Subscribers.
ALFRED JINKS A SON,
Feb.lSs3. fpis«ly Bridesburg, near Philadelphia.
\ N. B. Plans of Factories, with the locatkm of Machinery,
he simplest method of driving, and calculation of speed,
urnished free of charge. _ wly
IDQUBTA FBXNCHBUXB KILL STONE MANU
FACToby.
r IE subscriber, thankful for the kind patronage heretofore
extended to the late firm of SCHiMfn A Wiqaxd, would
respectfully inform hie friends and the public, that he pontin
are to execute orders for hie well known Warranted French
BURR MILL STONES, of every desirable site, at the lowest
ar.ee and shortest notice. He also furnishes
ESOPUB and COLOGNE STONES,
SMUT MACHINES, of various pattern*,
BOLTING CLOTIIB, of the best brand,
CEMENT, for Mill use.
And every other article necessary in a Mill.
Also, for Planters, small GRIST MILLS to attach to Gia
Avars.
All orders promptly attended to.
WM. R. SCHIRMER,
Jalß wtf Surviving partner of Schirmer k Wigand.
T” HE undersigned would call the e-w*.
attention of Merchants and
Planters to the extensiye stock of EBA,
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, ■■■■»
which they keep in connection with HARDWARE and
CUTLERT. Their alock of PLOWS, HARROWS, CULTI
VATORS, Cora SHKLLERS, Straw CUTTERS, Grain CRA
DLES, Fan MILLS, FANNERS, BOILERS, and all articles
in the Agriculcultural line. is not equalled in the Sute.
They are prepared to order at the shortest notice the best
kinds of HORSE POWERS. THRESHERS, Smut MA
CHINES, or any articles in their line of business. They
»ro also Agents for the Boston Belting Company, and have
now on hand India-Rubber Steam Packing HOSE and Ma
chine BELTING. CARMICHAEL k BEAN.
oSI-wly
NOTICE
I HEREBY forewarn all persons from trading fora
NOTE, ma de payable to Austin k Newman, given by
me about thr Sthof October last, for 451.25, due the Ist day
of February, 1358. The said Note was gives for a Horse,
which baa proved to be unsound, and 1 am determined not
to pay said Note unless compelled by law.
CREEA E. SPEARS,
ngO wtf Newton, Baker county, Ga.
FATRBAHX’B PATENT
DLATFORM AND COUNTER SCALES, AVAR-
L RANTED.—Adapted to eyery required operation of
Weighing—as Rail Road Scales, for Trains or single Cars;
Warehouse Scales, Dormant and Portable; Heavy Portable
cales on Wheels for Foundries, Rolling Mills, Ac. STORE
CALK of *U sixes; COUNTER SCALES, Ac., Ac., for sale
W.SJ NELSON. Agent*- wihl
COPARTNERSHIP NOTHST
T' HE undersigned having THIS DAY formed aCopart
kJgSS&SS*' “ d “rie of ALLEOUD A
BUSIN t J r * n “ CUD « the GROCERY
1 T ' T ' ’"■wfifld.
Nov. XI, IsfiS. t n24-d6Atw6
Those Indebted to the undersigned, either by note or ac
count, wtU please make payment without delay.
__ M. L. ALLEOUD.
BOLTING CLOTHS, of warranted quality furnished
and put up in bolts to order. 4 T '
Mill Stone Piaster, prepared few backing MmStonea. cheat,
nd of the buet quality, for sale by «oneu, cheap
WM- R SCHIRMER,
■** Auroua. (5*
i \f AgWLIa WHiIREV -so bbisTpirtHlgso.
, >1 LIA WHISKEY, Just received end for tale by
ENT* A RICHMOND.
—— HI
AUGUSTA. GA, WEDNESDj»ANUARY 12, 1853.
f WEEKLY
CHBONICLB & SENTEVEL
3iH33-SlEl£iSi^.lxf^a
BONG or THE BLASTED TREA
CT l. vntaixiA ram.
Tv*. *t Autumn .era. rad it rvutsf*. (lit
• I nuMd by . Lontl; rad draoliU hall,
Where hmatin, .h*dow* ofby r»“ hour.,
Look coldly oat from the tided bower*.
Pile Mk ace .it. In Ml chamber, 100.
And But lie. dMp on the threshold .ton.:
Over toe portik rad rmement twine*,
Th.loo*hire .pr.yi of reflected vine.,
And the U.t flint diy-beim wem to brood,
Litre i pilß* *ho.t o'er th»Bo)itade.
By brokeMortsl end crnmbUn, «ton<^
A pant motive! .trad, alone.
Sleekened ud (rant ud bar.
Ht.bo*i*nn. battle with ebapw of air,
Home ud cullen the night-wind, eigh
Through the knotted brioche, mournfully.
Till a voice creep, up like unugury.
And thi. i. the eoogoflbe Blratcd Treat
Ha 1 lb! —thi. b life—with the tempett nt war—
And the etonn-god ha. left me with many a mar,
He married hie wtuedroo., they oome in their powre,
On the wing. Os the wfrldwind to blajt ud devour.
Yet I Hand like a king on hia blood-girdtod tbiona,
I have braved their wild fnry unaided—alone.
Hugh at the whirlwind u cloud after cloud,
It da.he. to rntat o’er the battlement, proud.
When the hill, rocky rampart, have rattled and rang.
To the hurricane*.raging ud thunderou. dang;
Cnqusilinf, unflinching, my deeolnte head,
7 lift up to Heaven ’mid darknme ud dread.
Swift wind of the wilderaeae, mighty rad free,
Wh.t terror, haat thou for the blut-amluen trees
Thou pierceet my bottom with arrowy .ting..
Thou mrikeet my branebea with .trong, beating wing.;
Bring arrow and pinion, In anger combined,
They .hall not avail the., oh I pltitem wind.
Thou Proet-klngwlth Mme. to mjrUc ind vagtm.
With the .peed of an arrow be plunge. In air;
The green foreit droop. In hie withering path,
But th. old tree undaunted ha. bearded hi. wrath.
Yet on. I. mine enemy, furful and .trong,
He ha* followed m. far—be ha. hunted me long,
lie looked on Creation, hi. perilous eye
Shall see all mortality btofaom ud die—
He soon shall o’ertake me—l hear the deep ehkn*
That heralds the march of my conqueror—Tina I
A Juvenile Camo and Macbeadt. —Among the
many anecdotes of tbe great tragedian, W. C.
Macready, that have been told, the following,
which haa the morit of being perfectly authentic,
i* am ng those worthy of recording.
In the fame hotel wncre Macready reeided du
ring hie flrnt engagement in thie city lived a gen
tleman who enjoyed the tragedian’ll friendship and
intimacy. Mr. S—— had with him a eon, about
four yearn of age, a bright intelligent boy. who be
came an eepecal favorite of Mr. Macready. The
§rcat actor, frequently after delighting a large au
itory with hie eublime conceptions of Shakoe
pearo or Byron, would with a eimple pleasure that
did him nonor, ti*ke the little Tliaddy on hie
knee, and in triendly prattle pees a half hour
away. Thuddy in one of theee confidential mo
menta, expreeeed e longing deeire to go to the
theatre and eoe hia elderly friend act. “Very
well,” eaid tho tragedian, “I’ll aek your father to
let you go to-morrow night.” Accordingly the
roqueet wua duly made and granted, aud on the
night appointed the father and eon mode a por
tion of one of tiie moat brilliant aaeemblageH that
ever gathered within the walla of the St. C’harlee.
The play wee “King Lear.” Macready never act
ed more boautifully. The freniy and pathoe of
the choleric King were faithfully delineated; and
iu the grout atorm aecne where Lear ia expoaed to
the fury of the tempest, with the lightning playing
uround hia aged head, the frenzied gesture and
eublime pathos of the great actor drew down
tliundcra from the front of the house, which
drowned tho noise of miinio tempest on the atuge
moat effectually. Macready left tho theatre with
the applause utill ringing in hia ears.
We all have our little weaknesses, and the great
actor could not feel entirely satisfied even with the
ovation bestowed on him by refined ludiee and
gray-headed critics. He wanted a tit bit of admi
ration, a bonny bouehe, from little Thuddy. 80 on
the following ‘day, he took tho first opportunity
in iiis conversation with hia young friend to elicit
hia childish opinions of his acting.
“ Oh! it was baautiful, Mr. (Toady,” said the
boy.
“You wore pleased with the play then, Thaddy F’
aaid the gratified tragedian.
“ Yea, indeod, Mr. Cready,” nnswerod Thad
dy.
“Now, what did yon think 1 waa doing, when 1
waa in tho rain, nud when it waa thundering and
lightning so much!”
“ Oh, I felt ao sorry for you,” aaid Thaddy. —
“ You did that very well, though, Mr. Cready.”
“Ah! when I waa throwing my arms about;
you know what I did that fori”
“ Oh. yes, indeed! and I wanted to help yon so
much!”
Macready waa very much affected and gratified
with this childiah sympathy.
•Well, oome now, give me your opinion. What
wua I abont ? What did you want to assist me in
doing! What waa I doing out in that atorm ?”
“Oh ! I knew very well, replied Thaddy, warm
ing up »t the remembrance of the previous night’s
performance ; “ You inert eatchvng lightning
fmgt!" — Pie.
“Oh, what trials a poor widow has to go through
sighed Mrs. Partington, rocking heraelfTn a melan
choly way, and holding untasted the morsel of
mucaboy between her thumb and finger—“terible
trials, and oh! wfiata hardship to be executioner
w an osoßtDj wtroro rnffwoloTißOplt) »*y)®
ry way to overcome—the widow’s might—where
it’s probe it, probe it, probo it, all the time, and
the more you probe it, the worse it seems; the poor
widow never gets inetice, for if she got* all she
cWt get half enough. 1 had one trial of it, and if I
marry again if it should so please Providence to
order it I’ll make my pretended husband fabricate
his will bofore ha or'dora tho wedding oake—l’ll
take time by the foretop, as Solomon says.”
Scaroitt or Silver Coin There are constant
complaint* of the eearcity of silver. It ha* risen ]
to quite a high premium, and it is difficult to get j
change, under a dollar, except in the new three
oent coinage. Inaamnoh as Congress ha* permit- I
ted the debasement of onr metallio enrrenoy in .
these three cent pieces, why should it not be ex- i
tended to all our pieces under a dollar! The pro
duction of silver from Mexico and South America
is not likely to be much augmented; and, as the
high purity of onr silver coinage a* well as the ad- i
vanciug premium mako it an artiolo of trade instead
of currency, wo do not understand why we might
not very properly retain it in circulation for the
benetit of the pebplo instead of speculators, by the
aid of discreet legislation. As Congress seems to
have little to do, wo propose its attention to this
pressing and practical subject; and after it has
increased the U. 8. coinage, and added about 35
per cent, to the country’s material wealth in curren
cy, we hope it will pass and pay the French Spoli
ation claims.— Salt. Amer.
A Dutchman CoNsrLTiNO thb Baiters.—“lsh
datvon. Mrs. Hauntz?” inquired the Dutchman.
“Yes, dearest, it is your own wife, who—”
“You lie, you tevil of a ghost,” interrnpted
Hauntz, starting from his seat, “mine vrow speak
nothing but Dutch, and she never said ‘tcarest’ in
her lire. It was always ‘Hauntz, yon tiefi’ or
‘llanntz, you dirty skhanio !’ •’
And the Dutchman hobbled from the room, well
satisfied that the “rapping spirits” were all hum
bug, snd that he was safe from any further com
munications with Ills shrewish vrow on this earth.
Libiria. —The brig Zebra, chartered by the
Colonization Society, will sail to day. Religious
services will be held on board at 12 o’clock. Drs.
Clapp, Scott and other clergymen have been in
vited to be preeonted and participate in the ser
vices.
We are informed that the expedition will con
sist of 140 persons, comprising emigrants from
Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Missouri, Missis
sippi, Louisiana, Texas and the Choctaw and
Cherokee oountry. The deajrc to emigrate, and to
trade with this 'flourishing Bepublio has become
quite eager. During the last four days the society
has been compelled to refuse to take emigrant's
who had not applied to go previously. A large
quantity of freight has been refused in con
sequence of the vessel being full. Should there be
applications sufficient to make it an inducement
to send another vessel, the society will make ar
rangements tor that purpose.— Picayune, 1»< inet.
Increasin'* Trade of Nashville. —The large
number ot boxes, bales, barrels, crates, (fee., almost
always to be found at the Nashville depot of the
Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad, speaks vol
umes for the increased trade upon the line of Biver
and Railroad transportation through this city. All
F.ast Tennessee, Western Georgia, and north-eaat
orn Alabama, will find their cheapest transporta
tion over this line, to and from New-Orleaus, St.
Louis, Louisville, Cincinnati, Ac. Direct ship
ments are now being made from St. Louis to Bast
Tennessee, of refined sugars, syrup, molasses,
white lead, lead, shot, soaps, linseed, castor and
laid oils, candies, Ac., all manufactured there.—
Why may not many of these articles as well be
manufactured here! The important changes ari
sing under our railroad improvements should at
grace start into life the dormant energies and re
sources of Middle Tennessee. Linseed, castor and
lard oils, soaps, candles, Ac., should be as cheaply
manufactured here as at any point in the world.
And why should not sugar refineries do as well
here as at St. Louis!
We are rejoiced to find new manu&ctorie* spring
ing up here constantly, but there is great room for
more, and of almost every Tarietv. There is no
country fuller of materials, than Middle Tennes
see, for all sorts of manufactures—no oountry more
capable of feeding cheaply men and animals so
employed. Men of capital and owners of large
bodies of real estate amODg us, should turn to good
account the advantages opening up for profitable
enterprise.— XaehvM* Banner.
County Subscription.— We are gratified in being
able to state to the readers of this paper that,
through the efforts of Judge Alexander and Col. O.
P. Temple, the Countv Court at its session on
Monday, ordered a subscription of stock to be
made on the port of Knox county, of one hundred
thousand dollars in the Lexington and Knoxville
Kail Bead Company, and a like sum in the compa
ny organised to build a rail read between this
place and Rabun Gap, by the way of Maryville
subject to the decision of the legal voters es the
county. The vote is to be taken bn Tureday, the
ith of April.
We feel confident that thia action of the Coun
ty Court will be ratified by a largo majority of the
voters of the county. It is s step so obviously nec
essary to the prosperity not only of the town but
of the county, that it muet elicit the hearty approval
of all who are true to themselves,
Can not the counties of Andeson and Campbell
take a like sum of one hundred thousand ana the
countv of Scot fifty thousand dollars in the stock of
the Lexington and Knoxvillo Bail Boad Company!
Let this be done and it will place the construction
of the road beyond a probability. This road will
add greativ to the wealth of those who reside in
these counties by en handng the value of their lands
and affording a ready cash market for the products
of their farms. Being thua interested, we hop* they
will step forward in their cmacity of counties, and
assist In the great work.— BnaatUle Remittee.
Land Reform in Ohio.— Senator Chase recently
presented to the 0. 8. Senate the reactions of
of the legislature of his State on the subject of the
Public Lands. One of them is as follows:
XetoU erf. by tke General Attembly qf tie State
of Okie, 11181 onr Senator* and Representatives
in Congress be, and they are hereby requested to
secure, if possible, the passage es an act giving
to each individual who will settie upon any of the
public lands and improve the Mae, one hundred
and sixty acres thereof, at tha actual coat of our
Government of surveying and locating tha same,
and from henceforth entirely abolishing the sys
tem of disposing of the Publio Lands to ntra-raa
ldanta, at any prioa.
Decision ml a Fugitive Slava Cara in Utn L. S.
Supreme Conn.
Biekard Pile, plain!if in error, vs. The people of
the Mate rs Alinoie. In the Supreme Court of
the U. S. Writ of error to the Supreme Court of
Illinois. Mr. Chase and Mr. Dixon, for plain
tiff ; Mr. McDougall for defendant in error.
Mr. Jostice Grier delivered the opinion of the
Court as loHows:
The plaintiff iu error was indicted and convict
ed nnder the criminal code of Illinois for “ harbor
ing and secreting a negro clave.” The record was
removed by writ of error to the Supreme Court of
that State: and it was there contended, on behalf
to the plaintiff in error, that the judgment and con
viction should be reserved, because the statute of
Illinois upon which the indictment was
is void by reason of its being in conflict with that
article of the Constitution of the United States
which declare* l “ that no person held to labor or
service in one State, under the laws thereof, escap
ing into another, shall, in consequence of any law
or regulation therein, bedischggged from such ser
vice or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of
the party to whom such labor may be due.” And
also because said statute is in conflict with the sot
of Congress on the same .object.
That this record presents a case of which that
oonrt has jurisdiction under the 25th section of the
Jftdiciary act i» not disputed.
The statute of Illinois, whose validity is called
in question, is contained in the 149th section of
the criminal code, and is aa follows:
“If any persou shall ,liarbor or secrete any
negro, mulatto, or person of color, the aamo being
a slave or servant owing service or labor to any
other persons, whether they reside in this State or
in any. State or Territory, or district within the
limits and nnder the jurisdiction of the United
SBstes, or shall in anywise hinder or prevent the
lawful owner or owners of such slaves or servants
from re-taking them, in a lawftil manner, every
such person so offending shall be deenied guiltv of
a misdemeanor, and fined not exceeding five nun- I
dred dollars, or ioiprieo&ed not exceeding six j
Bd. For unlawfully secreting a negro owina la
bor In the Slate of Missouri, to ono C. D., which
said negro had secretly fled from said State and
from said C. D.
4th. For unlawfully preventing C. D.. the law
ful owner of eaid slave, from re-taking him in a
lawful mapner, by secreting the aaid negro con
trary to the form of the statute, <fcc.
In view of this section of the criminal code of
Illinois, and this indictment founded on it, wo are
unable to discover anything that conflicts with tho
provisions of the Constitution of the United States
or the legislation of Congress on the Bubject of fu
gitives from labor. It does not interfere in any
manner with the owner or claimant in tho exercise
of his right to arrest and re-capture his slave. It
neither interrupts, delays, nor impedes the right
of the master to immediate possession. It gives
nq immunity or protection to the fugitive against
the claim of hia master, it acts neither on the
master nor his bluvc ; on his right or his remedy.
It prescribes a rule of conduct for the citizens of
Illinois. It is but the exercise of the power which
evory State is admitted to possess ot defining of
fences and punishing offences agaiust laws. The
power to make municipal regulations for tho re
straint and punishment of crime, or tho preserva
tion of the health and morals of her citizens and
of the public peace, has never been surrendered by
the States, or restrained by tho Constitution of the
United States. In tho cxerciso of this power,
which haa been denominated the police power, a
State lias a right to make it u penal offence to in
troduce paupers, criminals, or fugitive slaves with
in their borders, anu punish those who thwart this
policy by harboring, concealing, or secreting such
pereons. Some of the States, co-termiuous with
those who toieratcslavcry, have found it necessary
to protect themselves nguinst tho influx either of
liberated orfugitivo slaves, and to repel from their
soil a population likely tobecome burdensome and
injurious, either as paupers or criminals.
Experience has shown, also, that the results of
such conduct as that prohibited by tho statute in
quostion are not only to demoralije thoir citizens
who live in daily and open disregard of the duties
imposed upon them by tho Constitution and laws,
but to destroy the harmony and kind feelings
which should exist botween citizens of this Union,
to create border feuds aud bitter animosities, and
to cause breaches of the peace, violent assaults,
riots, and murder. No one can deny or doubt the
right of a State to defend itself agaiust evils of
such magnitude, and punish those who pervorsely
persist in conduct which promotes them.
As this statute does not impede the master is the
exercise of his rights, so neither dues it interfere
to aid or assist him. If » State, in the exercise of
its legitimate powers, in promotion of its policy of
excluding an unacceptable population, should thus
indirectly benefit the master of a fugitive, »o one
has a right to complain that it,has, thus far at least
fulfilled a duty assumod or imposed by its oom
pact as a member of the Union.
But tbougli wo are of opinion that such in the
character, poliev, aud intention of the statute in
question, that for this reason alono the power of (
the State to make and enforce such a law cannot be
doubted, yet we would not wish it to be inferred,
by any implication from what we have said, that
any legislation of a State to aid and assist the
claimant, and whicli docs not directly or indirectly
delay, impede, or frustrate tho reclamation of a
fugitive, or interfere with the claimant in the
prosecution of his other remedies, is necessarily
void. Thisquestion has not been before the court,
and oannot do decided in anticipation of future
f*” 08 - . . ~ ,
It has been urged that this act is void, as it sub
jects the delinquent to a double punishment for a
single offence. But we think that neither tho facto
assumed in this proposition, tier the inferrence
from it, will be touDd to be erect. The offences
for which the fourth section of the act of 12th
-■Fahrun 1 7t.lL, Vjka|gjJtllf dclill 'CCnt
spects from those definod by the statute of Illinois.
The act of Congress contemplates recapture and
reclamation and furnishes those who interfere with
the master in tho exercise of this right, first, by
obstructing or hindering the claimant m hia en
deavors to seize and arrest the fugitives, secondly,
by rescuing the fugitive when arrested; and,
thirdly, by harboring or concealing him after
notice.
Bnt the act of Illinois, having for its'object the 1
prevention of the immigration of snch persons,
punishes the harboring or secreting negro slaves
whether domestic or foreign, and without regard
to the master’s desire cither to Teclaim or aban
don them. The fine imposed is not given to the ,
master, ns the party injured, but to tho State, as a
penalty for disobedience of its laws. And if the
fine inflicted by the act of Congress had been made 1
recoverable by indictment, the offence, as stated in i
anv one of the counts ot the bill before us, would
not have supoorted such an indictment. Even the
last count which ohargos the plaintiff in error
with “ unlawfully preventing C. I), tho lawful
owner, from retaking the negro slave,” as it does
not allege notice, docs not describe an offence
punishablo by tho act of Congress.
But admitting that the plaintiff in error may be
liable to an action under the act of Congress, for
the same acts of harboring and preventing the own
er from retaking his slave, it does not follow that
lie would be twice punished for the same offence.
An offonce, in its legal signification, means the
transgression of a law. A man may bo compelled
to make reparation in damages to the injured
party, and bo liable also to punishment for a breach
of the public peace, in consequence of the samo
act; and may be said, in common parlance, to be
twice punished for the same offence. Every citi
zen of the U. States is also a citizen of a btatc or
Territory. He may bo said to owe allegiance to
two sovereigns, and may be liable to punishment
for an infraction of the laws ot either. The samo
act mav be an offence or transgression of the .aws
of both. Thus an assault upon the marshal of the
United States and hindering him in tho execution
of legal process isa high offence against the United
Ststes for which the perpetrator is liable to pun
ishment; and the same act may also be a gross
broach of the pence of the State, a riot, assault, or
a mnrdor, and subject the same person to a pun
ishment under the State laws for a misdemeanor
or felonv. That either or both may (if they see
fit) punish such an offender, cannot be doubted.
Yet it cannot be truly averred that the offender
has been twice punished for the same offence, but
only that bv one act lie has committed two of
fences, for each of which he is justly punishable.
He could not plead the punishment by one in bar
to a conviction by the other; consequently this
Court has decided, in tho ease of Fox vs. the State
of Ohio, (5 Howard, 432,1 that a Stato may punish
the offence of uttering or passing false coin as a
cheat or fraud practised on its citizens; and in the
case of the United States vs. Marigold, (9 Howard,
5*0,) that Congress, in the proper exercise of its
authority, may punish the snme act as an offence
against the United States. , .
It has been urged, in the argument on bchait ot
the plaintiff in error, that an affirmance of the
judgement in this case will conflict with the de
cisions of this Court in the case of Prigg vs. the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, (16 Peters, 540.)
This wo think is a mistake.
The question presented and decided in that ease
differed entirely from those which affect the pre
sent. Prigg, with full power and authority from
the owner, had arrested a fugitive slave in Penn
sylvania, and taken her to her master in Maryland.
For this he was indicted and convicted under a
statue of Pennsylvania making it a felony to take
and carry away any negro or mulatto for the pur
pose of detaining them as slaves.
The following questions were presented by the
case and decided by the Court: _
X. That under and in virtue of the Constitution
of the United States, the owner ofa slave is cloth
ed with entire authority, in every State in the Un
ion, to seize and recapture hia slave wherever he
can do it without illegal violence or a breach of
the peace. , , ,
3. That the Government is clothed with appro
firiate authority and functions to enforce the de
iveryon claim of the owner, and has properly ex
ercised it in the set of Congress of 12th February,
17 sf That any State law or regulation which inter
rupts, impedes, limits, embarrasses, delays, or
postpones the right of the owner to the immediate
possession cl the slave, and the immediate com
mand of his services, is viod.
We have in this case assumed the correctness of
these doctrines: and it will be found that the
ground on which this case is decided were fully
recognised in that. “ We entertain,” say the Court
(page 625,) “no doubt whatsoever that the States
in virtue of their general police power, possess
fall jurisdiction to arrest and restrain runaway
slaves, and remove them trom their borders, and
otherwise to secure themselves against the depre
dations and evil example, as they certainly may
do in cases of idlers, vagabond* and paupers.—
The rights ot the owners of fugitive slaves are in
no just sense interfered with or regulated by such
a course; and in many cases the operations of the
police power, although destined essentially for
other purposes-for the protection, safety, and
peace of the State—may essentially promote and
aid the interest of the owner*. But such regula
tions can never be permitted to interfere with or
to obstruct the just right* of the owner to teclaim
his slave, derived from the Constitution of the
United States, or with the remedies prescribed by
’ Congress to aid and enforce the same.”
Upon these grounds we are of opinion that the
act of Illinois, npon which this indictment is
founded, is constitution. and therefore affirm the
judgement.
, Judge McLean dissented.
Ths weathar during the entire Christmas holi
day* was very disagreeable—cloudy, rainy and
warm for the season. Several days were favored
with a beimy, spring-like atmosphere—end the
singing of birds. The rains for several weeks past
f have been constant and heavy. The earth is more
1 completely saturated with water and the streams
are higher than they have been for two years past,
i There has been a fine shoal tide in the Tennessee
1 river. . , ...
> On Monday morning the weather changed—with
r a cold north'wind, clouds spitting enow treely dn
> ring the day, and tbs ground free ring. It is now
[ (Tuesday) cold in earnest—the first real cold spell
r we have had this winter—with a fine prospect for i
, goodies.— MurUnilU Jdrotate, btK tea*.
- Ths number of nsw buildings erected in Wash |
ingtoe during the past year, wsa 6M.
. -n il bile BefrHrr. .....
The Mobile -—f— Tjnrjjr Kve.
No city in the Ucien mn tittihuts with Mobile
in.*.; -icra-Ucg—nWi’waiaHßi if any in the
known world can in one wMtaaai H—the design
aud combination of her UflMHjpkhibln.. us. in
I’iris, Hums, Venice, NapivJjfiKliJkr.ndred other
. tto Carnival :a USoftßHff tmisy, general
and vicious, too. but in aU tfleMß the collection
of characters ia grcvariotal, y'~njjft ill i b'l or ob
ject, and each individual wM _>
irrespective of his aetghbn*|3|l6Pgai«ty octagen
arian assumes the bar!equOT*Npfe i mie
iidhrc re does the habit bGMMprii. In Mobile
■ rcui. L*c!i s nvtyßHfeftiui: dramatic
an i scenic design, an n full.
Such w as the case last ntgwHßMkh overling was
W,: r: adapted to he oaoSifluJbotrssofition
overcame all organised
societies made a super' IraH
The youngest of the tritaHßSßatag Genera
■ made a splendid exbii|^»h® r »W< old seem
tliut a cycle, of five instead year, bad
t-a-sed since their last tvarad*,-*i gseat ah advance
had been made. f
The object waa to cie-nt Turk
ish Festival and Fast.” Tbkyigßij ftf tbe Grand
sultan, in all its pompons aSjjjmmit*, waa most
happily displayed. Vlncra, biaftlys -of two tails,
three tails, and no tails at all—shßKata. beys, joui-
Ac., Jfce., were alt theirappro
; rate costumes, hnd insignnipHQcv' The gleam
ing crescent., the waving the ponder
ous turbans, tin* short and iSSt&f scimitars, the
j icturesqiie qhibouques, Mfltftapr. before the
eye, oriental acetMß each at.'a&Mpi* witnessed
only on the shores of tha BqejMMfc or among tho
mosques andfminarM* of CWiati! ", pis, at the
times of their nsdonif fcstivfflß^gt
Atlantic Turks soon joined maijp merry mazes j
of the danco—in whicb*hepif|* tm-Otteman I
woaid have been, had not the of
the afternoon storm somewhat marred its effect.
Yet, though shorn of its glitter, their intent waa
gallantly carried out.
Tho subject of this pageant was a characteristic
illustration of the great Russian Empire in all ita
diversified nations, climes, castes and daises.
At the head appeared “Nicholas” Ik his imperial
robes, surrounded by his staff, and hia satraps,
and followed by representative groups of all tho
multitudinous nations, grades and people that
form his motley, and meet extended Empire;
spreading North to the Frozen Ocean, South to Per
sia, East to the sea of Japan, and West to Sweden.
The gossamer robes of the Asiatio Russian con
trasted picturesqnely with tho furs of the Esqui
maux dependent; while every degree of latitude
seemed marked by the costumes of such a diversity
of tribes from such oountless localities.
In passing through the street* the Strikers were
surrounded by a cordon of torchea—each member
being attended by a light bearer. In front march
ed a brilliant emblom, bearing in bright light the
initials 8. I. 8. Attached to eaoh group was a
transparency with the narns ofihe tribe or nation
nobles or serfs—and all waa glitter and show.
In the great room of the Battle Honso the society
received their guesto, and furnished the amuse
ments of tho occasion—dolighting every spectator,
sand seeming no losb pleased themselves individn
ally and oollcctively—aud with most justifying
causo. . ~
Had the weather been more favorable, the pro
cession must have been far more brilliant. As it
was, tbo display was highly satisfactory; and
Bloch’s fine party band gave great zeal to the occa
sion.
But perhaps the greater interefit of the occasion
centered on the far famed “ Cowbollions” who
made their twenty-second annnal display.
Soon after the dock struok eight the lower part
of the oity became illumiuatod, and the gay sounds
of music came floating on tho air. Preceded by
thoir gay band, and surrounded by thoir torch
oeurers, thoir illuminated banners and a hoßt
of servitors, tbe ancient Cowbellionn came into
view.
The subject was the “Heathen Mythology,” re
presented in statuary. Every figure was draped
in marble whiteness, and the whole party looked
as if the combined galleries of the Louvre, the
Vatican, and British Museum, together with all
private and pubtic collection* of sculpture, had
formed in ranks, until the whole family of the
gods, celestial, terrostial, infernal, sylvan aud
oceanic, together with their many cousins among
the heroes and demi-gods of the Greeks ar.d Ro
mans, had congregated on Royal street. Jupiter
Tonans, with his brothers Pluto and Neptune, his
s<ms Apollo, Mercury and Mars—and all the hun
dred cousins, and relations ofthat patriarchal hea
then, marched in pablic view.
In tho midst of the rnral deities, Pan, Sylvan
nus, Silenus-tho feoeus, the satyrs, and wood
nymphs, movod the symbol of the society—tho
huge white Cow! belled—tenarited—and lighted
up—the ancient effigy of the ancient orowd.
The theatre, floored over, presented a splendid
spectacle, when the curtain rose and displayed the
society in oombined form. The classic eye gazed
with transport on the well remembered figures
that delighted its early vision; and when after
wards the several groups were formed into tab
leanx, and recalled to the minds of all tho sculp
tured pictures that generation on generations have
gazed on in admiration, the measure of delight in
tho assembled orowd seemed filled.
Leaving the arena to be enjoyed by the gay vo
taries of the dance, the Cowbelliona proceeded to
pay a few visits to some of our distinguished citi
zens whose strong invitations their brief leisure
permitted thorn to accept. One of these was to
our respected follow-citizen R. S. Bunker, Esq.,
at whose hospitable homo they were I
coined. After these duties cf - U»e j
the way.” Os t*M*P«IWBWk' '
the pleasure of partaking. . J-
When 1858 began to claim dominion over Time,
these modern sons of Sstnrn melted sway.
Whither they went wo presume not to enquire;
but knowing tbeir excellence by many years spec
torship—and believing their masks conceal many
a famiiinrand much valued face, tve cordially wish
them and all, many, and many “ A happy New
Year."
The Coffee Trade.
The following circular of Messrs. White & El
der, of Baltimore, respecting the movements of
Coffee during the past year, will be found to con
tain much valuable information to those engaged
in the trade:
Our Coffee market since the earfy part of the
current month, has been characterised by a great
degree of inactivity, not more nnnsnsl, however,
than generally prevails at this season of the year,
when the trading community avoid, as far as pos
sible, creating new obligations, unless under cir
cumstances of strong inducement. Notwithstand
ing the absence of demand, either real or specula
tive, holders had preserved throughout the month
a degree of firmness indicated conclusively their
convictions in a more faverahle state of things
with the opening of the spring trade, and the in
creased facilities for getting supplies to the West
that will then be afforded oy the Baltimore and
Ohio Railroad.and by the channel* of inland eoin
mnnication. They are strengthened In this con
viction by the genoral oharacter of their advices
from iiome and from foreign markets, by the un
exampled prosperity of tho country, the abundance
of money, and the onhanced value of most of tho
leading commodities of trade.
Tho importations of this year, at this port show
a falling off of some 58,000 bags, w hilst tho stock
now on hand doea not vary materally from that of
last year.
The total shipments to the United States, from
Ist January to Ist November, ten months, (as we
learn from the oircnlar of Messrs. Miller, Laicoy &
Co., Rio De Janeiro, 14th Nov.,) were 774.986 begs
this year, against 861,161 bugs same time last year,
showing a deficiency in round numbers of 86,000
bags. The stock now on hand at the ports of im
portation we estimate, will be about the same pro
portionate deficicacy ; and it is known thnt sup
plies in the interiormsrkcts, when it is distributed
for consumption are on a very moderate ecnlo,
holders derive additional confidence that with only
the average consumption of the Inst year or two
the stocks in the seaports will bo found inadequate
to tho demand as soon as the avenues to the spring
trade sre fairly opened, and the wants of the in
terior become developed. Under the influence of
these convictions on the part of holders, our trade
adopt the prudential oourae of keeping aloof from
the market, believing that they wll gain nothing
by laying in stocks at the prices now a-ked by
holders, in anticipations of spring skies. With this
diversity of feeling the market doses quietly, and
our quotations, in the absence of any recent trans
actions of nete, must be reeardsd as somewhat
nominal. We quote prime, good fair 9)£;
common to fair, 9}{ a%.
Monthly Statement Dec. 31, 1852.
Importation* in the year 1852-Rie.228,95# bags.
Laguayra, Java, <tc... 24,295 248,248
Ditto in yoar 1851—Rio 267,442
Other descriptions... 84,192 801,634
Deficiency this year J 58,886
Stock on hand this day—Bio .83,620
J»va 2,270
Laguayra....2s9 84,140
Ditto 81st Dec., 1861 88,000
Deficiency this year 1,860
Importation* thie JJc-nth.
Dec. 2d, Barque Rebecca, from bT. . 2,800 bags.
“ 11, Barque Georgc&Henry f. Rio .2,068
“ 20, Brig Saltan from Rio 2,706
“ 21, Brig Ellen Morrison, f. S,o. .2,710
“ 22, Brig Ellen from Lagnayr*... jjo
“ 24, Barque Reindeer from Rio... 8,500
“ 29, Brig Carlton from Rio 8,410
«* 80, Brig W.H.Stewartfromßio.2,3oo
_ 20.044 bags.
Sale* this Month.— 6oo bags Rio at 9V; 400 do.
at 9% ; 7,700 do. at 9% ; 2,500 do. at 9V; 750 do.
9W; 400 do. at 9; 250 do. at BJ<; 240 do. at V/.
. total 12,840.
The monthly stocks in 1862, and range of prices
for ordinary to prime grades, are as follows:
Stockin Bags. Prices.
January 81 *8,500 B%f a9 V
Februarys2B 85,000 gig a9V
March 31 30,000 9 ,*8
April 80 ..87,000 9V aSV
May 81 27,000 9 a*V
June 80 87,400 85fa9*?
July 81 48,750 9 a9V
August 81 28,500 SH aSV
September 80 ...84,700 8V a r <§
; October 80 26,600 SU a9V
November 80 88,00* 8V a yls
December 81 .36,140 a 9%
i •» 4-—
Great Tuhnil— The contraet for the tunnel on
the Dayton and Cincinnati Short Line railroad £.
Geat, Chief Engineer, lies been made, and we rani
peee the work will proceed with all despatch.
The actual tnDneling » 8.000 feet, but the arched
approaches amount to 1,800 making the total
length of tunnel 8,400 feet. The contracting price
for the work is $558,801. It is a work of great
magnitude, and from the abilities of the Chief
Engineer, the workmanship will be done, not like
the wretched tnnnel on the Kew York and Har
lem Railroad, which is eontianally tailing, to the
great danger of life, limb and property. We
have the specification of the new tnnnel before
ns, it is oomplete. At the distance of 8,000 feet
from one another, there are to be three shafts of
180, 178, and 185 feet deep to the top of the tnnnel.
The tnnnel will be it feet wide, and 29 feet deep'
The walls are to be builtia die most thorough
manner. The shaft walla wfil spring from cast
iron frame inserted in the arch of the tunnel. The
work is to be driven night and day with a double
set of bands, and the whole is to be complete end
resdy for the ears in 22 months from the soth of
last month (Nov.) The excavation will be through
blue limestone and indurated marl. .Naenha'c
Amtritan.
On the Ist instant the State of Illinois paid $860,-
; POfi on the principal of its bonds, other than ea
-1 nal bonds.
*he Liverpool Colton Mark...
Wa publish the following from au Ameriaan
. merchant at Liverpool, ua furnishing interesting
! Information in relation to the causes of tho recant
i jxsts&Siathsz.’Si
a readers Will be anxious to haveaUthe information
I SSRffliSaEraSEEr
- Guardian) though coming from a New York house,
s I than ib any other statement which 1 can fiud oi'
similar brevity. The caief point, however, tbatis
now made against cotton ia, Hist it is all a mistake
i to Imagine that tbe present consumption of the
i wt>rld fa taking off at the rate of three million bates
i of American cotton inniiativ, besides thie crops of
other countries, although Uiia iiupraraion waa al
■ first ersated by the rapid absorption of last year’s
l £J?i* now discovered that al least 400,000’ bales,
i if not half a million, have gone to restore the
stocks, not only of ootton in the bauds of epiuners,
. but of yarns and goods in the hands of mauufactu
l rers, warehousemen anddealers oil over the world,
1 to something near au average; for we know they
, had fallen far below an average during the prece
. ding two years of scarcity and high prices. The
. following is now tiie current estimate of tho con
. sumption of tbe peat three years. Crop of 1850,
2,100,000 bale*; cousumptiou, 2,850,000; aud stock
i threby reduced by 250,000 bales. Crop of 1851,
i 2,850,000{ba1e»; consumption, 2,450,000 bides;slock
farther reduced by 100,000 bales. Crop of 1852,
i 8,000,0001 consumption, 2,850,000; remainder
going to restore reduced stocks all over the world,
Thi* takes n» account of the amount of
view* of actual consumption, but even ot this es-
I timate, what wonder that with every prospect of at
“ We feel mSSsS3f^J7OTYnrlerfo?cot
ton, on which, however, we have decided not to
act at present, and we doubt not you will approve
our course whon we explain our views. .
We cannot believe that tho parties on jour side
of the ocean, who are showing so muoh anxiety to
get hold of ootton at any price, can bo properly ad
vised as to the state of matteea at this side, in
cluding the prospect of crop. It is certain there
never was so mach cotton planted, and that with
aseason equal to that of lost year, wo should have
a larger erop. But not only has the season been
equal to that of last year, it has boon decidedly
better, from the time of sowing throughout to tbe
present moment. Do you forget tho grave com-
Slainto made last fall, ending in a post so early as
4th Oct. So serious and well founded did they
appear, that, though not disposed to be very cre
dulous, we were led to reduce our previous esti
of 8, (J00,000 to 2,800,000 bales, and many of our
friends, not usually easily frightened adopted the
estimates of 25 to 2,600,000 as the extreme, aud
sagely prognosticated that whereas the mistake
the previous year had been in an undor estimate
of the crop, it would that year be fonnd that the
error waa in tho opposite direction. Last year’s
crop, however, having reached three million not
withstanding the various mishaps which occurred
to it, lias fully' satisfied us that had the season been
as perfect as this year has becu, we should have
made 3,200,000 bales: aud allowing a very small
per contoge for this year’s increase of cultivation,
we arrive at millions of bales as the lowest safe
estimate of tbe present crop.
•‘So much for the supply. Now for the domand.
You are the better judges as to tho requirements
of England, and will correct us if our impression
is erroneous, that the immcnseconsumption which
wus induced by the low prices of the mw material
in the beginning of the year, has been considera
bly checked of late by the alteration to finer num
bers of yarns, wliichinvariably accompanies an ad
vance of price; and that the stocks, not only of
ootton in the hands of spinners, but also of goods
in the leading murkets orthe woild, arc considero- •
bly larger than this time last year. Such certuinly
is the case her, and, according to tbo beat informa
tion we oan obtain, on the continent of Europe
also. ’
According to onr advices from tho South down
t» this morning, we could not purchase middling
cotton to lay down in Liverpool under 5%d. per
lb. So high a price thus early in the season, w«
consider hazardous in tbe extreme, and we know
this ia the general impression among merchants
hero who understand tho trade, it being notorious
that it is almost entirely by English orders that
the Southern markets are" at present supported.
Americans holding off for tho decline, which is
expected to be considerable after the orders now
in hand are executed, aud the extent of the crop
ascertained.
Twelve months ago tho stock of cotton and of
every product of cotton was, as might well be cx
pocted after two short crops contemporaneously
with so active a state of trade throughout the
world, reduced to a lower point then had been
known tor years. Hence the enormous crop of tho
past year was easily disposed of. Haifa million of
bales were required to till up tliogap in the world’s
stocks—short-sighted people called tho unprece
dented demand consumption, aud built up a pret
ty speculation upon it, even in the face of a second
crop, whioh, were it not for this grand mistake,
would frighten them at the mere name of cotton,
or induce them to limit their orders to five instead
ot ten cents per lb.
You may depend upon it, we are on tho eve of
very heavy losses in cotton, and we shall do our
best to keep our frieuds cloar. It i» to be regret
ted that so large a share will fall upon parties in
gHi
wa'din- " U PBM * - ri®r
Prom the Columbu* Times and Hentmel.
Important Law Cue,
Mb. Fobsyth :—The object nearest to my heart
since tho unfortunate disaster to the Bank of St.
Mary ’s last April has been first to protect tho Bill
holderfrom depreciation ; and next, to place its
affairs in a position to resume specie payments and
consign the Institution to an honorable sepnlehre.
it was therefore painful to me to see that you feel
it necessary to publish tiie fact, that a Court and
Jury hod ordered some $47,000 of tho assets of the
bank which were designed for the innooent and
sufl'ering Bill holder to be surrendered to a public
informer. Although I feel indebted for the very
complimentary notice which you were plossed, in
tbe same article, to msko of myself and ray efforts
in behalf of the Bank—yet it will scarcely answer
your desired purpose of quieting the nervos of tho
timid creditor, which have been first excited to
the highest pitch, by the aslsonding announce
ment that an unexpected liability had been fixed
upon tiie Bank to the amount of $47,000, giving a
public informer to that extent a preference over all
other creditors, by awarding tho first judgment.—
Onr fears often control our reason, and many a
creditor will read tbe first part of your artiole,
and passing unnoticed your closing remarks, will
rush to the Broker's office and toko anything that
he can get for his Bills. When men become
alarmed they seldom stop to reason, and if they
did with your publication as tiie data upon whicli
to base conclusions, I am not certain that it would
help the matter much if any. They would say
their bank has been deprived under the panoply
or tbe law, of $47,000; and perhaps there are lew
more cases of the same sort that will take from
both Winter and the Bank, ali they are worth.—
What mortal man can do ho will do; but if tbe
court and the jury order a transfer of al! be lias
and all the bank has to be paid to publio informers
who is to pay me i If they can -thus lay their
hands upon a part, they may lay it upon tiie whol:.
This would be tiie reasoning of a timid man nt
first blush, and your assurance would not always
have the effect to reinspire oouildeuco. But I urn
happy ia the reflection that their uneasiness need
be but short lived, aud would be still more grati
fied if I oould persuade tho Bill holders to patient
ly abido the issue in she Supreme Court, to whicli
august body the question will besubmitted during
the next month. That the court above will re
verse the dicisionsof the court be!ow f there is not
a shadow of a doubt, noon the minds of the best
counsel that Western Georgia affords. Bo it un
derstood that I am not speaking for myself, for as
a stockholder in the Bank, the recent decision has
not caused even a momenta uneasiness, I speak
soberly for those who hold tho liabilities of the
Bank of St. Mary's. I wish to save their feelings
and purses, aud therefore fee! it my duty to make
this effort to prevent a depreciation of tho liahili
-1 ties of the Bank.
6uffer me now to say a few words to tho merits
ofthe case. The law under which the judgment
- was rendered was passed in 1835, when specie wm
I abundant and no necessity existed for a paper
substitute. In ISB7, the suspension of the entire
Banking interest from Maine to the Gulf of Mex
ico, drove evory floating silver dollar and golden
, eagle into foreign lands, and what happened to
be left in the vaults of tho Banks, was safely lock
L edup. Such was the dearth of change, and such
1 the public inoonvenienco which immediately sue
' ceeded the disappearance of the meiallic medium
’ that by one acoord from tho seaboard to the
mountains, corporations and individuals of every
. shade and hne. commenced the issue of these op
, probrious shinplasters, and everybody received
1 i n d paid them out There was scarcely an indi
' vidual within the limits of Georgia who did not
’ with impunity violate the law, either in making or
iasoing, or paying away some of these contemned
paper devices. The Governor and his Secretaries
Ihe Central Bank and its officers, the Judges and
their Jurors, their wives and their daughters, high
and low, rich and poor, white and black, all
were in the daily ana almost hourly habit of
violating this very law, which has been used by
the public informers hoping to transfer the sum of
$47,000 from the pockets of the Stockholders of
the Bank of St. Marys, to the coffers of those, who
to say tho least of it, have themselves doubtless
i. been frequent and common violators of tbe self
~ same law ; and who in the particular instance
- upon which this proeecotioD is founded, induced
the violation of the lsw (if tbe law has been viohi
s ted) by the presentation of one hundred dollars at
the counter of the Bank, obtaining from the Teller
i. the Bills sued on, under a plea, that they were
i wanted for change. I might indite a few strictures
i upon the actors in this case and the oiroumstances
i by which it is snrronnded, bntoa this would be a
i digression from the purposes of this article, I am
£ perfectly satisfied to’leave theta to the judgment
of a discriminating public.
The lew makers haw the absurdity of allowing a
law to remain on the statutes of the State, which
iroro necessity every body violated, and which
would be used by the designing to scourge the
nnweary; and in 1842 repealed the act of 1885,
so far as to exempt all persons and corporations,
except the makers of the Bills. The Legisla
ture of 1851, finding the law was being made
tue of for base purposes, enacted s general re
peal of all laws upon this subject—remitted all
penalties incurred, and formed a new and more
practical law to restrain the issue of small notes
by individuals, at the same timo enlarging the
power of the Banka to issue notes of less deno
mination than five dollars. But tho oourt over
ruled all the repeal of 1642 as applied to Banks,
and declared that the informer nad acquired a
right to the penalty to the extent of his half,
which set the pardoning power of the State at
defiance. It remains to be seen whether the Su
preme Court will confirm the doctrine—that any
other Legislature can inadvertantly arrest the
pardoning power irom the Governor and all fu
ture legislatures, and place it in the hands ot
public informere, who, from the very nature of
their office, must heTe a cupidity only equalled
by their heartlessnees, and who could not be ex
pected to exercise any more clemency towards the
deserving than the undeserving, and who would
regard the tears of distress from the widow and
the orphan, aa heedlessly ae they would the
puttering of the rain drops upon the roof oftbeir
house.
Should you review this article, my dear sir, I
hope you will not forget that every hank in the
6tate ham been equally guilty—that by a similar
procsea in 1887, every Bank in tha State, beg
end baggage, specie, notes and ell could have
been turned over to the public informer—do not
’ ; ‘ VOL. I.XVI.—NEW SERIES VOL. XVII.-NO. 2.
> as a gentleman of weJknown high-timed feeling
f »“d benevolent heart, U> contemn ail action which
t in tfß conaequenoee w«uld violently transfer the
eanfcgs of another without leaving ih ita stead
fiopeideratioo, and do not forgot that
j this blow is timed, not at tna alone, but that tho
r widows end orphans inend near St. Mary’s who
, are stockholders in thoßank, had no interest in
t tiie transaction, had no part hr kit in it, no con.
. troioverit; could not bysany possibility have
. prevented it,are not morally Teeponsible/or it,
had na knowledge of tbe ailodged transgression,
f the suit or th« judgment, aud yet standteondomn
i ed in a heavy penalty and without a hearing. Is
, this justice I
i But a few words more and I have dane. Tho
; Rank suspended because 1 oould not prevent it.—
• My whole ..im and effort ever einoef has been to
, appreciate the notes, so that sellers, whether from
necessity or choice, should lose as Httlo aa possible.
By the most strenuous efforts l have saooecded in
redueing the liabilities two-thirds in eight short
mosdtie—the reduction amounting to nearly four
thousand dollars. In the aamo time more than one
hundred thousand dollars of those muoh abused
small notes, have been redeemed —the prognos
tication of the skeptioal to tho contrary notwith
standing. «
In all mv trials snd vexations, arising from the
malign action of the ill-disposed, by the blessing
of Providence, I have been sustained by the al
most un paralled confidence and indulgence of the
great public, and the onremitted kindness of my
personal friends.,
All that I ask is a oontinuation ot the kindness
and oomt donee which has been heretofore so gene
rously extended, and will justify it oven at tho
hazard of my existence I
Tims much to my friends, and I think, judging
from the manifestations of kindness with which I
am greeted upon all sides, that 1 t may include ip j
this term, all my former fellow citizens. To my
enemies, I have no word even of reproof to offer,
being perfectly satisfied to submit myself to an
Arrival ofthe Conway I
"Hie British steamship Conway, Capt. Sawyer
arrived here Saturday from Chagres via King ton
Nassau, Ao. We are indebted to the offioers of
the Conway andtoonr contemporaries of Kingston
and Nassau for papers down to the 22d nit., and to
Messrs. Andrew Low and Co., the agents in this ,
city for Commercial ciroulars Ac.
The small pox was still prevalent in different ,
parts of Jamaica ; also the measles—particularly ]
at Savanna la Mar. The oholein at Nassau wus j
creating some apprehension at Kingston, lest it |
should visit that port.
A lectnro was delivered in Kingston on tbe 19tli |
nit., by tho Rev. Mr. Garnet, (oolorod) upon the ,
origin and results of the Fugitiva Slave Lsw of ,
the United States. There was a large audience g
present to hear it. This Mr. Garnet, says the t
Kingston Dispatch, “is the first negro missionary |
sent oat by the United Presbyterian Church as an
ordained minister of tho gospel. He wus born a {
slave in Maryland, U. S.; escaped from bondage, .
along with ins parents, whon about nine years of J
age ; obtained, by his own dilligence and zeal, a ,
literary and theological education, and was licensed ]
and ordained by the Presbyterian Chnroh in Amor- ,
ica,aa a Minister in tho State of New York. When (
tho Fugitive Slave Law camo ill force in the States c
he fled to England—offered his services to tho t
Mission Board of tho United Presbyterian Church h
and wus unanimously ucceptod. Ho was at Kings- ,
ton on his way to Westmoreland, where ho is to ,
bo located.” ,
Tiie dismantling of estates throughout Jamaica .
.till progresses. In every parish “preparations : c
are being made for the abandonment of proper- ,
ties that were once valuable but on whioh cultiva
tion cun no longer bo continued in conscquoncoof ,
tbo evil working of the freo trade policy of Great t
Britain on tho Sugar question." In Trolawny c
tunny estatoa have been thrown up, and within a „
j few mouths there have been exports to the United \
States ot America of upwards of 80,000 tons of (
copper, whioh hod been used in tho island for (
tiie manufacture of sugar. ,
A vessel of war belonging to] his imperial mn- ,
jesty Soulouqne, tho Emperor of Hayti, was about ,
to sail from one of tho ports of Jaitnaica with an ,
engine for manufacturing sugar, which is of no j
longer any sorvice to the property on which it t
was formerly used, the same having been thrown (
up. * 1
A severe shock of an Earthquake was expori- •
encod on tho 29th of Novombcr, but happily no ■
serious dnmngo resulted therefrom. {
It had been currently reported that the with- <
drawal of Sir Charles Grey from the Government ,
of the island waa near at hand, and that hissucccs- )
sor would be Lord Harris, it has nlso boon stated ,
that the place was offered to Lord Howard do Wal- ,
den, but who had refused to accept it. 1
Tho weather had been very sultry, bat one or ,
two fine showers had fallen, and the great heat ,
which still prevails was indicative of more rain. ,
Fnoii other Farts or tub Wist Indies.— Trini- ]
dad.—Tho Legislative council met on the 6th ult. i
The Trinidadian of the 20th tilt.says:— ,
Within the last fortnight the weather has been ;
very propitious for tlio approaching oropa. We <
have hod refreshing showers duriDg the last sow .
days.
Business is beginning to resume a little activity
ns the Christmas season approaches. Tho markets
are well supplied with every commodity.
Antigua.— Tho Weekly Register of tho 22d ult.,
supplies the following.
The weather during tho past week was all that
have been desired for the coining crop. Tho at
mosphere was sultry, and the hoat sometimes op
pressive ; but a change took place last night, and
wo have had heavy showers, during the night and
tho morning, with every indication that a heavy
fall of rain may bo expocted. ,
M. Vincent.— Tho schooner Charles Elliott was
totally wrecked at Greytown Bay on the 81 Nqv. (
■■■hi
len, but these bad not been so heavy aa to assist in j
sugar-making. Want of water in the trenchos ;
might, it was thought, shorten the oxpected crop,
but not to any great extent. Health becom
ing general among the people. \
Barbados's. —Tho Barbadian of the 18th nit., save
“The health of the islaud and the weather arojtho i
chief subjects of local interest.”
Tho yellow lever still prevailed; there had been,
however, fewer cases during tho previous week, i
and thoao of a milder type, although some had
proved fatal.
SI. Thermal.— Onr adviocs from St. Thomas are
to the 2d ult. Sickness in the form of influenza
und mortal fover, was still prevailing over tho j
island. Tha papers are full of the speeches of th« J
members of tlio newly constituted elective Council ,
of Danish islands at St. Croix. Much satisfaction ,
is expressed at the excellent manner in whioh tlio ,
steamer I’lato has performed her voyage. That
vessel, after having made tho rnn homo with con- ,
trary wind and weather, in thirteen day. and a |
few hours, enabling parties at home to give imme
diate replies to the letters aho carried, has again |
proved nor superiority over her sister tiiips, in s f
passage of exactly twelve days from Southampton
to Sri Thomas.
Martinique. —Tlio St. Pierre paper La France ,
d’Outre Mer, says—" Tho prevailing edidemic t
seems to attach itself with an awful obstinacy to ,
the company of artiatea drainatiqnca recently ar- j
rived under tbo direction of Mr. Eugene. It is (
scarcely six weeks since these actors lauded from
the Duchess Ann ; and sixteen of their number (
have already died.” We find in the journals sov- (
oval addresses to tho President of the French Ro- ,
public, congratulating him on ills late escape from .
tlio infernal machine. Taking time by the fore
lock, the colonists do not hesitate to style Louis
Napoleon “His Imperial Highness.”
Prom the N. O. Picayune, 8 d inrt.
Later From Texas.
By tho arrival of tho steamship Mexico, Captain
Place, we have received dates from Galveston to
the 80th nit.
We learn from the Houston Telegraph that the
engineer engaged in surveying the Houston and
Austin Railroad, haa completed bis estimate for ,
tiie grading ofthe first section of tho road from that ,
oity to the Cypress, and he finds that the average ,
cost of tho earth-work will not exceed SBOO a mile. ,
Tbe bank- of tbo Cypress are fonnd to be eighiy ,
feet above tho surface at Honaton, the distance is
twenty-threo miles, consequently the grade will
not exceed four feet to the mile.
The San Antonio Ledger says that last year a
German farmer, in the vicinity of New Braunfels,
cleared from ono acre, SSOO worth of cigars. A
merchant of Bremen, Germany, haa pronounced
the tobacco of Western Texas second to none but
the Cuban for fnmignting pnrposes, and adds iiis
willingness and desire to secure the investment of
sloojooo in the product. Several planters on tiie
Medina will apply themselves to its cultivation the
coming season.
The Lavacca Commercial waa presented a few
days ago by Dr. Moses J ihnson with one of tbe
largest figs ever seen, measuring seven and a half
inehcß in circumference. Tho fig was produced
from a slip that waa cat and planted last spring.
The tree from which this was taken produced
abont a bushol ot fine ripe figs this season, and
shows conclusively that figs of the finest quality
can be raised in that vicinity.
The San Antonio Ledges says that tiie ferryman
at the Seguin crossing on the Guadaiupo river, in
one day, killed over thirteen hnndred rats, ar.d
adds:
“These undermining creatures having aggregu
gatedinan immense body, are travelling West
ward. Indiscriminately, they altaok everything of
a vegetable nature in their route. Many theories
are suggested for their emigration, We have
heard ot no plausible one.”
The W eatern Texan has the following from Engle
Pass: •
“By a letter from Eagle Pass,- reoeived by a gen
tleman in this city, we learn that a short time
, since a party of Mexicans mn off a lot of horses bc
, longing on the other side ofthe Bio Grande. Ed
Stevens gettingwind of the fact, went with a party
’ of his friends and captared the horses. He then
sent word to the Mexican commander that if he
wonld send him his pistol and other articles taken
from him at the time of hia arrest, and SSO, the
horses would be delivered up. It is hardly neoes
' sary to say that tho requisition waa speedily oom
; plied with."
Socth-Webtebh Railroad. —The Macon Journ
al <fc Ueettnyer of the Bth says:
“We have received the following statement of
the business of the South-Western Railroad for
the month of December. H is to be recollected
that it was suspended for the first eight days of
the month, inconsequence of damages sustained
by freshets:
Receipt* of Cotton in Dec. 1861 8,758
“ “ « “ 1852 6,616
Decrease 8.142
Bales brought to Warehouses in Maoon, 624;
forwsrefed to Savannah, 4,974. Total receipts this
Bcasoa, 20,438 bales.
Eiirn’gs of this road in Dec. 1881 $16,262 46
“ <* « “ 1852 12,920 42
Decrease t (8,842 04
Maoox * Wearies Railroad. —Reoeipta in De
cember, 9,765 bales, of which 712 were sent to our
Warehouses, and 9,058 were forwarded to Savan
nah. Receipts by this road last year, in Decem
ber, 9,908.
Niw Tbiatt with Exoland. —Telegraphic des
patches received from Washington, state that the
negotiations between Mr. Everett and Crampton,
on the fishery question, have resulted in the draft
of a treaty, and that it now requires to be aano
tioned by the British Government, to make it com
plete, ao far as England is ooncorned, after which
it will be submitted to the consideration of the
United States Senate for rejection or ratification.
This treaty is said to embrace also, not ODly the
subject ot the North American bnt the
anestion of reciprocity and the free navigation of
le St. Lawrence,
Show Dame weather kicked np a terrible frolio
on Monday, and tha consequanee was, tha ground
was soon covered with snow. On yesterday the
tun made its appearance, and at this time scarcely
a vestige of the snow remains. “Su trannt glroit
km mdi."—JhUantm (.7. Ct) Garttif, Hi hut.
New* by lb* Ads.
Oomepondonco of tho OommorticU Aioortioor.
London. Doc. 17, 1858—The anticipated Miuii-
UriiJ criaia has arrived. The Gov*rnm*nt were
defeated last night in the first division on the
budget by a majority of 19, the numbers having
beet*Bos to 286, aud their resignation la now po»i‘
tively expected. A short time previously they had
calculated upou a majority of about 8, in which
case, it is believed, they would have take* baok
the budget and modified it (since it has been plain
for several dayathat it was hopeless to attempt to
carry it in its present form,) and would have re
mained in office probably through the session.
The new Cabinet, it is thought, will be formed
by ajunotiou of Lord John Husssel’s friends and
the prominent members of the reel party. Lord
Aberdeen (Lord Palmerston Void opponent) is ox
pectod to be premier, while Lora John Knssell
will bo conteut to lead the llouae of Commons as
Home Secretary, with Sir JauioaGraham, aaChan
cellor of tli# fixcheouer, Lord Granville will pro
bably be Foreign Minister, and (he Duk# pf N ow
eastie is likewise expected to bake ottioe. Lord
Gray, Sir Charles Wood, and Lord Cariise, it is
thought, will not be includou, and of oourse, alao
Lord Palmerston will remain out. Those ffetaili,
how ever, muat be aoqeptod for the present as
mere matters of speculation. >
The foreign intelligence ofth*sast day or two
has been intereating. It appears that the positive
announcements, so long oircglatcd, of an existing
entrn foment befcwedta th© Emperor aud tho Prin
ceas Vasa have proved to bojalse, and tho Prin
ebss has preferred Prinoe Albert of Saxopv, to
whom Bbo is positivel/fbngagod. Tills will boa
disappointment to tho Parisians, by whom the
marruiao fetes were looked forward to with great
delight; and at present nothing has beon said of
any other tady having bocn found to Bharo tho
Imperial throne. The reaction on the Paris Bourse
has continued throughout the week, butnofto any
acrioua extent,%nd there is no apprehonsion that
u break lib of tho mania is immediately at hand.—
The advance to be niadoby^iiew^d^himk,.
c 1.1,000,000 ra the specie of the Bank of Franco,
whilo its loans upon stocks and shares have been
in an inverse ratio. Tho shares of the now credit
bank are still at a premium of about 150 per cent.
From Austria, intelligence has been received
that the correspondent of tho London Morning 1
Chroniolo at Vienna, was arrested on the 10‘.h inst.
and detained at the police priaon for some time,
among tho ordinary criminals. without boing al
lowed even to seud to his frlonds. Ho was about
to post liis despatch to the Morning Chronicle at
the moment lie was seised, and tho only reason
given for his treatment was that Ilia communica- .
tions wero hostile to Austria. At the time of his
release tho police aecouipaniod him to his apart- ;
monts aud took possession of his papors. This I
hold to be only one among a multitude of illuetra
tions of the result of Lord Malmesbury’s cringing j
but hollow deference to our “ eur old ally."
The intelligence from Italy is as distressing as
ever. Such is tho universal feeling among tho (
population that tho Austrian soldiery look upon
every man as a conspirator, and no one oan reckon |
upon his safety for a single hour. Radotzky lias
lately demanded reiaforcemeuts, and his moroiless .
system is again in full vigor. Tho fact of his sou. (
Colonel Radotzky, having been just oomnollod to (
quit the army on account of continued drunken
ness inis probably tended rather to increase tho (
severity of his temper. Out of 80 persons con
derailed to dentil a short timo since, by a court
martiul at Esto, 15 wevo executed, whilo the otliors
were sent to hard labor for periods of from Bto 20 .
yours. At Maulua, out of 10 persona charged with
conspiracy, one half were put to dentil, and the re- ,
m Hinder doomed to imprisonment in irons.
In Spain tho convulsions wliioh seemed immi
nent, in consequence of the avowed intentions of .
tho Govornmout to bring about a change In the
constitution with the view to the establishment of j
arbitrary power has been averted lor the moment
but tho etuto of afl'uirs is still critical. Tho nature '
of the crisis had led all the various fractions of tho j
oppositiou to uuito for tho purposo of resistance,
and conspicuous amc* thorn was Marshal Nar
vaez. Their meotiugsTowcver, were forbidden,
i nd us tho press had iilgSW beon siloticod, every
power of combination part was frustrated.
Nevertheless to make ®BPtire it was decided by ;
tho Government to send Narvaez out of the coun
try, and lie wus acoruingly ordored off at a few ,
hour’s notico on a pretended mission to Vienna. (
Tito Minister Bravo Murillo seems thus* to have ,
prepared for an approaching amp d'etat, muoh »f- ]
ter tho fashion of Louis Napoleon, and the only
question that remains as to Tub success is in con
l'cxion with tho fidelity of the army. They have, ,
however, been well paid of late and carefully
w. tebed, and it is believod that they may be do- (
pended upon.
The Australian nows becomes mere and more (
astonishing. A sow days later advices have been (
received, and it appears that even during that time
now ana extensive deposits had been discovered.
Keturns are also given of tho amounts sent down
by escort from Mount Alexander and Ballarat
mines, in the colony of Victoria, to tho soa port of ,
Melbourne alone, from October, 1851, to the end (
of August, which show tho steady increase of the 1
yield. They were as followa: —
1 Ounces. ‘
Oetobor, 1851 18,483
November “ ®o|B7B i
Decomber “ 169,834 (
January, 1852 t
ET» »:::::::::::::::::::::: BBS •
V? S:::::::::::::::::::::: SK !
June 11 162,990 j
July, (after the rains) 858,183 p
August “ 850,968
besides 40,000 ounces from ndjoiniug looalities, „
making an aggregate of 1,771,974 i ouncee worth j
& sterling yufeiMf oa»po. This, however. doe*
dbjtflcarlygeprpMint thmpntire amountcOlleotcd n
on,ooo ounces, worth £lo.ooo,ooostoriiriff. The
yield from the fields in Now South Wales, brought
down to Sydnoy remains to be added, and tho
recent discovery of an extensive tract in South
Australia will likewise have to be taken into ae
oount. In each of the three colonies thore is
enough, it is now believod, toroward all tho popu
lation that can pour in for years. The Now south '
Wales or Sydney mines havo been in a great
inoasures negleoted, on account of tho scarcity of
hands, but they are believed to bo almost intermi
nable in extent, and in aomo parts nearly as rich
as Mount Alexander in Victoria.
One largo tract ot 318,000 acres belongs to tho ‘
Australian Agricultural Company, founded In
London about twenty-eight years ago, and during
the present week they havo received advices that
tho whole of it seems to bo richly impregnated •
with gold, and that it is impossible to estimate its
wealth. It abounds likewise with quartz; and
some pioces actually picked from the surface by
tho Government commissioner, and subsequently
tested at Sydney, woro found to yield 8 pounds 4 1
ounces per ton, or in sterling value £BSO or £4OO.
Upon each of tho £IOO shares of this company the 1
sum paid up is £BS, and less than a year ago thsy
could have been purchased for £l4. Now, how
ever, they are eagerly sought after. They were
yesterday at 90, aud havo been sold to-day at 305.
Tho company also possess valuable coal mines,
which will be brought into extrpordinary nolivity
for the supply of the various stcamera that have
qnilted England during tho pastsunimer.
The English funds havo continued to show great
steadiness. The announcement this morning of
tho Ministerial defeat produced no effect upon
them at first except a slight flatness, from which
they have fully recovered, tho lost quotation this
afternoon showing on improvement of a quarter
per cent. At tho departure oftho inst packet they
wore at 100%, and they are now at 100%.
Hpeotato*.
From the Cape of Good Hope.
By the arrival of the Quttn <f tht South in Eng
land from the Cape of Good Hope to the 6th of
November. *
The war is not yot brought to a close. Opera
tion ofthe most vigorous nature are, up to the last
accounts, Icing curried on against the Kaffirs, who,
although repeatedly attacked, dispersed, persued,
and killed in great numbers, are neither as vet re
turned to submission nor driven across tho Koi.—
Early in the month, following up hiß successful
attack upon the Watorkloof, Gen. Cathcart pro
ceeded in person to select a Bpot for the construc
tion of a defensible post which should command
the upper parts leading fom the Amatolas into the
colony. Here he assembled a considerable force,
aud placed it uuder the command of Lieut. Colonel
Eyre, who started on the 4th, and on the follow
ing day the information was received that the gal
lant Colonel had already Burprised and burnt
Uithaaldor’s laager, without any casualities on the
part of tho troops. Ever since that period the
patrol had been engaged in tracking and follow
ing tho lurking foe. The main body of the Gaiko
Kaffirs, in the extensive forests which skirt the
Amutola mountains, arc almost destitute of am
munition, ar.d in great want of food.
Capt. llearncs, of tho 12th Eegimcnt, fell in the
discharge of his duty, though not os a soldier
should wish to full, in the field of open fight.—
While a detachment of the 12th wore out, under
his command, near Graham’s Town, tho Captain’s
horse returnod to camp with blood upon tho sad
dle, and on search being made, the body ot the
unfortunate officer, cruelly mangled with two
men of the 12th aud a civilian named Riley, were
found at the clay pits, Boeqe miles from tho town
It appears that Capt, JUcuruus, with three others,
had been in the rear of the escort, when they
were out off by an ambuscade and aavagely mur
dered.
The Governor has issued a proclamation, dated
the 30th of October, declaring that the lives of any
Hottentot rebels who may surrender to tho authori
ties of Graham’s Town or Fort Beaufort will be
spared. From this act of grace Uithoalder and 12
minor chiefs are excepted by name.
Papers from Capo Town to the 20th of Novom •
her have been received at Boston. The Kaffirs
are considered as essentially subdued, but small
parties are still fighting and plundering the colon
ists. We quote a paragraph froiq the summary of
the Capo Town Mail:
“ With regard to the progress of tho Kaffir war
thore is but little q( novelty to report. War it can
now scarcely be termed, yet there is no restoration
of peace. Hostilities, in any regular or oonneoted
form, have forsome time ceased, apparently front
sheer exhaustion on the part of the Kaffirs; but
still the Gaika cbiefli refute to submit; still their
followers lurk, in unknown numbers, in their na
tive mountains, and keep a large body of the
troop in inocssant motion, watohing, tracing, and,
where possible, shooting them down; and still by
every post we have fresh accounts of cattle car
ried off in the night from farm houses, from wag
ons, and even from militanr posts—nearly every
such account ending with tne recital that one or
two Kaffirs were killed, and part of the whole of
the booty re-taken.”
Spot on qn* Sen.—A writer in the Delaware Re
publican calls attention to an unusually targe snot
on the sun, which may be seen through smoked o»
colored glasß. Tho writer adds:
“By a rough \neasuremcut of the present spot 1
found its diameter to be about thirty-three thous
and miles, consequently occupying an era on the
sun’e surface of eight hundred millions of sqars
miles, equal to fourtimes the superficial contents
of our mighty earth. It serves to give some idea
ofthe stupendous bulk of oar solar orb, when such
a vast deduction may bo made from its luminous
surface and any diminution of emitted light be
imperceptible.
“We have seen somewhere suggested by astron
omers that these solar spots served to produce hot
summers and mild winters; if true we may consid
er our present winter an illustration.”
Tux VusoiniaLfoislatcbe. —This body hae now
been in session some six weeks, and if it has done
any thing at all except meet and adjourn, espeoisl
pains have been taken to keep such action from
the pnblie. The people of Virginia are a king suf
fering and patient people, but we doubt much if
they will tolerate the waste of time and money, or
whioh this Legislature lias been guilty.— Pot**-
bury IttUl.
Gleanings from tha tieuaus.
* It Meo&M filut Vipw eiugnlar that the deaf and
dumb, the blind, tlie insane, and idiotic, elioul 1
bear a seriate permanent proportion to tire renter
the population. Os it lias been ascertained by enu
meration firth i people, that they do so. Bttt it is
not more extraordinary than tho wonderful adap
tation to each other ofllia sexes, showing by their
substantial equality, that polygamy is an unnatur
al institution, which ought..not, especially within
the bounds of tho United States, tu bo tjplaratcd:
ae it ie by the Mormons at this lato day.
As Ut the dcafaud dumb, it appears by tlie-Cen
sus that the White mutes utnount to 90U1, While
the colored are ouly 688, of whioh 489 life elaves,
making one deaf mute among the whites to 2,151
person*; of tho free colored, ono to 89o5; and among
the slaves one to 6,553 —a singular diversity. Tire
blind exist iu similar proportions, la all they are
9,702, ot whioh 7Jli)7 are white, 1,705 are colored ;
and 1,811 of these are sleeps. Blinduoss prevails
most among our foreign population, which Ims
been attributed to homo sickness, change of cli
mate and hardships, known to occasion insanity,
if they do tint blindness.
The number ot insane personals almost equal
to the other two classes put together. It is 14,762
of which 15,166 ore whites; 821 free colored, and
891 slaves being one to 1,280/among the whites;
ortt free coloqpt to 1,888, audouesluvo to 11,010—
a remarkable axomptiou from this calamity in.thai
unfortunate oiaas.
There are 1A706 idiots; of the whites 14.280 •
free oolorod 436; slavea, 1,040. This ia ono whit#
idmt to 1,874; On# free colored to 985, nnd one slave
to 8,080 —a oohnideruble diUerßnce in their favor,
though not KO gloat as in the case of the blind.
No Stata la without its paupers; thewliolo num- *»»
i her of whom Is 184,973, about equally divided be- *
tween Amorienos and perrons of foreign birth.—
The annual fftpeuso of .theso ia. 42,934,606. The
tot#) expenditure for tire poor in England and Ire
land in 1848 vrtm ,548,760,000; and fortlio space of
year# the sum of 426,600,000
Thore were in if yoary ending in June, 1850
sachusetts, New York and I’onusyivuum.
largest and most valuable are in Massachusetts.
Thore is a church for about every 648 of inhabit
ants, aud each will accommodate on an average
884. *
Tho reul and personal estate of the inhabitants
of llio United States on Ist Jupo, 1850, was about
seventeen thousand millions of dollars of real, aud
six thousand millions of porsonal estate.
The first animals brought into the country from
Europo were by Columbus, In 1493. The first
horses were landed in Florida by Cabeza do Vacu,
in 1527. Tbo Portuguese took cuttle und sw inu to
Newfoundland aud Nova Sootio, in 1553. Swino
wero brought to Acadia by a French lawyer, L’Es
ourbot, in 1604, whioh multiplied with groat ra
pidity. In tho United States there are now 4 -
835,888 horses; 659,229 sssus and mules; 28,860
141 hornod cattle, including 6.382,044 milch cows’
and 1.697,241 workingoxon; 81,781,814 sheep, and
Bu.Bl6,6oHawino. The mnlo is said to he bettor
adapted to the South thuu tho horse, us ho sulTora
loss from tho heat.
Now York ia far in advnnee of ar.v othor Stutolu
the produotivonoss of its dairies. They yield ono
fourtli of all tho butter, and nnurly ono-luilf of nil
the clioesc, producod in tho Union. Iu 1850, wero
exported from the United States 3,904,542 pounds
of butter; 10,861,189 pounds of choose, tho vuluo
of which was >1,124,652.
There lias boon a diminution of rlioep in some
of the States, par.icularly tho New England and
the five Atluntio Middle Slutos; in otliors, there
tins bcenan increaso. In Now Mexico, there is tho
extraordinary nnmhor of 877,271, more than six
sheep to every inhabitant, proving it to bo well
adapted to this description of stock. Between
1840 and 1850, there was an increase of 2,809,108
in tho nmubor ot slioep, aud a largo iinprovcniont
in tho wool, for which great efforts havo been
made in Vermont ami Massachusetts. The weight
of the flecco has been ruiaed from less thun two, to
nearly throo pounds. —Aewart Adcertixr.
Sub-Marine Vulcanic Eruption.
Ship Ctnthia, Caps Town, 0. G. H., I
October 26,1852. j
7b tht Editor if tho Am-Fork llcrald:
Sir—The liborty I take of ad Iressing you, I trust
will not bo objectionable to yonr pUntenl, it being
of an essential interest to ship owners and com
manders ot vosscls, more particularly to Gloss
bound across tho equator.
At 7.40 A. M., on tho 14th ult. I paasod within
one mile of a whirlpool, or 1111110 other sub-marine
volcanio eruption. My officers und crew having
witnessed the samo, I rnuko my ciloulution lrotu
thoir several opinions, combined with my own
ideas, with rogurd to tho size of tho eruption. The
ciscumforenco wus about three hundred yards, and
appeared as a cauldron when in a boiling state,
with an immense clonld of steam rising, perfectly
white. The height of tho foam or boil on the water
rose, at times, to un elevation of fifteen or twenty
ioet. To prevent any misguided imagination oil
the part of my fraternity, as bohio would probably
form an idea of its being a waterspout, snob i»
not tho case; tho sky at the timo was cloudless.—
Moreover, having beon six years in succession na
vigating the groat nostof waterspouts, (the Baha
mas, Gulf of Mexico, and Bay of Honduras,) I can
most nssurudly remark, it had not the slightest ro
semblanco to any waterspout which I have seen
and certainly recommend any who muy nuviguto
in its vicinity to keep a bright look out.
On my chart ia a muolstrom, deso.ibcd ns hav
ing beon scon by the Dutch in latitude 16 degrees
02 minutes N,, long. 87 degrees 10 inmates W. I
immediately, buying passed it, do orminod my lon
gitude by good chronometers, as 35 deg. 42 min.
45 soo. W.; and latitude, worked back from noon,
as well as by double altitude, at 16degrees 55 min.
North.
If yon oan find a spare cornet |nvqur ? very vGn-,
. ■ .T’ . . 'J' I .' 1
From tho N. 0. Pioal/uno, Uh inuhy' ‘
Explosion of tho Fusilier—Eight or Ten Ltvos
Lost.
Tho steam packet A. Fusilier, Capt. lienslow,
whioh loft New Orleans on Sunday. Jan. 2d, bound
to Attakupus, burst her boilers this morning at 5
o’clock, when offSliip Island, killing outright, Jo
seph Sole, first mate, J. McCullough, tho aecond
engineer, and fivo ol'llio hands.
Capt. Denslow is badly wounded,Having receiv
ed a compound fracture in his left thigh, hi»
shoulder dislocated, and otherwise injured. Tho
forward part aud upper works of tho steamer are
a complete wreck. At 2 P.M. tho steamship Tox
as, Capt. Lawless, on her way from Galveston to
this port, discovering tho critical situation ot tho
Fusilier, immediately went to her assistance, and
succeeded in taking off and bringing to this city all
on board, with tho exception of three, who remain
ed with tho wreck.
Mr. Hawley, Ist clerk; Mr. Adams. 2d mate,
and fivo hands had gono ashore for assistance pre
vious to tho arrival ot tho Texas at tho scene of
disaster, and hud returned when she left. The
following ia a list of those brought to New Or
leans by tho steamship Toxus:
Capt. A. D.Denslow, badly injured.
Thos. Lyon, Ist ongincor, slightly injured.
Luke Denslow, carpenter, slightly injured.
Joseph Silvor, watchman, badly scalded.
W. Turner, 8d ongiueer, badly scalded.
One fireman und ono dock hand badly scolded
and hurt.
Mr. Pierre Lubarre, passenger, not injured.
Mr. Samuel Mcgnnn, 2d olork, slightly injured.
Tho dock hand hae diod since the above was
written.
Dismissal of the Nicaraguan Minister.
The Secretary of State hoe addressed tho fol
lowing letter of dismissal to Mr. Mnrcoiotn, Minis
ter from Nioaragua to the U. 8. Government:
“D«PARTnr.NT or State, )
“ Washington, Dec. 80, 1352. )
"Sir —Some m_outlis ago, Mr. Kerr wr.s instruct
ed to request that you should be recalled, and some
ether person appointed as representative from
Nicaragua to this Government.
“ A despatch was yesterday received from Mr.
Kerr transmitting a copy of a letter to him from
Senor Castellan, the Minister for Foreign Affidrs,
who declines, on the part of the Nicaraguan Go
vernment, to oomply witli tho President’s request
and oxpresses a wish that tho reason on which it
ia founded he given to be submitted to tho Nicara
gnan Chamber.
“ Thie course would bo followed by discussion*
of a most unprofitable character; and, host les,
the President cannot consent that any condition
be attaohed to the compliance of tho Nicaraguan
Government with a rcqneot warranted by the
principles of public law and the practico of civil
ized States. I have, therefore, directed Mr. Kerr
to renew the request for your recall und tho ap
pointment of another minister.
“ Meantime, I have to inform you that no com
munication can be reccived from yon aa Nicara
guan Envoy. Personally, I regret that it is my
■duty to address yoga loiter of this character.
“ I haVo the honor to be, <tc.,
Edwakd Evmizit.”
“To ScucwDon Jose de Marcoleta, etc., cto."
Thu Washington correspondent of tho New
York Tribune assigns tbo following reasons lor
this step on the part of our Goiiermnent;
It grew out of Mr. M.ircolctn’s course pending
the negotiation of the litmoua treaty of inei’.itation
and settlement between England, tho United
States, and Costa Itien, which Mr. Me.rooicta ut
terly opposed, and Nicaragua afterwards rejected.
During this time, it is alleged, that finding him
self crowded, and the interests of Nicaragua likely
to he sacrificed to England, and Costa Kica, tho
protege of England, he inauigod in some ratlior
undiplomatic language With respect to Mr. Web
ster and the Administration, and also undiplomat
ically made publio the date of the negotiations
through tlie journals of this country. For this
Mr. Websfer demanded his recall. It is said also
tliat Mr* Everett feels himself aggrieved by tho
iftt* publication by Mr. Marcoietn, or with his con
sent, ol tho official note addressed to the Nicara
gua Minister, as well as to ail the othor members
ofthe diplomatic corps here of Mr. Everett on his
aooessiou to office. It was published to show that
thia Government recognised Mr. M. ns 1111 Envoy
in good standing, when it was by no moans in
tended by its author to go before tho world an an
indorsement of Mr. M.’s official character.
GrvTNO Ilm a Dir.—A conple of runaway sailors
yesterday achieved a very decided victory over an
adventurous and ambitious policeman. Seeing
themon the Lovcc,and devoting himself to glory
he gave chase. They jumped into "a skiff, and lie,
at their heels, was in with thorn. They pushed
out into the stream. After pulling a short dis
tance, they determined to lighten the craft, and
deliberately seized their unwcleomo companion
and threw him Into tlie river. Three cheers her
alded th# foe’-, ns tbo tars droppod down tho
stretutt, and the Knight ofthe order of tho Croa
tent making the best of his way to terra firms,
emerged from his both amid the jecra and laughs
of a crowd of spectators. —A T . O. Bulletin.
A Remariabl* Man.—A gentleman writing
from Monaghan county, Ireland, to an noqnaint
ance of ours in this district, gives a remarkable
instance of longevity. Owen Duffy, when on«
hundred snd sixteen years old, lost his second
wife; hesubseqoontly married n third, by whom
he has a son and daughter. Ilia youngest son is
two years, hia eldest ninety. Ho is now one hun
dred and twenty-two Jdffra of age, and retains in
much vigor, tho use of his mental and corporeal
faculties. Ho walks frequently to the county
town, a distanoe of some eight miiee. This state
ment may be relied on as strictly true. —Andtrton
(S. G,) Gazottt.
Commerce of New Yore.—The value of tho Im
ports entered at New York in 1852, was 8186,599,-
287, against $181,856,952 in 1851. Ol these, the
Foreign Dry Goods are valuod at $62,892,296; Su
gar, $8,926,690; Tea, 6,898,104; Coffee, $5,249,640;
Hides, $8,005,862; Tin, $3,045,820, Hardware and
Cutlery, $2,711,286; Railroad Iron, $8,580.8*8.
Ths'Exports for the year are vain* I at $71,528,-
609, against $87,658,849 in 1851. Os theso Ex
ports Cotton, our Southern staple, contributed
about one-fourtb—the export of that article being
B*6jff9 hales, veined at ov*r seventeen million*