Newspaper Page Text
15 Y \\ >. .u ,l >'
CHRONICLE A Si.M l >".L.
'■■'fcl ——-- - ~ — r—zzz .
TtiRMS, &C.
thl w k j: k i-r
Im FabU.k i err n V, •«!■»
AT VWO OOLL/-S3 PER ANT. u'M
In advance.
TO ants ■ r IM>IV IWAIS a<V ;.« Ten
year, Urn. furufebi:: i'. "• ■ ' raU- <-f
SIX COFIES FOR TEH DOLLARS,
THE CHRONICLE * rtBHTINBL
DAIT.Y AM) liO-WKEKI-V,
Ar« al*n pn!i ,u
•cribew a* the fol! >wiru' rate*,nan y:
Oiil.r PiPiH,ife- * l.y nv.i [■■ rnnnußi.
Tri-Wkeklit l*ai l
Term* of AdvrrtMm*.
The W*tk lv ße vtoty-fiv. e.uU per square
10 linos or 1«*») for to*' first insertion, ami fifty cesi.X»
or eaoh *ul***qucut insertion.
1856! THE 1356!
SOUTHEKN Cl LTIVATOK,
A MO.VTILI>V JOmXAE,
Poullry^lLs,
Illustrated with Wurntr . .i> E: ;*ar.* Engraving*
ONE DOLLAR A VKAR IX A lA'ANEE.
DANfKL LKU, M, If \ • I>. Lit .».'** OND, i . ; . ■*.
Tho Fourteaotli Volume wiil commence
January, lo r >C.
THKCDWIVATOK i* H in,, A, iavr>yfthirty tv.o pajfe*,
all Uw curreiitHKrfcultiiral i : it-A ,f - ! .
VAU ABLE ORI'HNAI. CoX'J liil 7 "i '*NK
froia many of the too ’if , -■ • ■ _«i . * ' ■•■ l l'’..- . r
Faruwr»,w.(Uioi •. - • y -tip: ofiln Botch
The Cash .Svstk Vhi,. l‘ ;• .-•!;> o-it *-r. T *. .. cut in
flic order. JLI-- of Hi
pelage jmi-1, will Ik- at -•* ri»S. f«. I'libßJie
AdvertGeiiji»:u*
InH<!rtf»«i at ONE D01.1.1U ; • j tare of tw-lve Ln-c
Address ’ ’ ”u
- : -■ >» ' -
FOR SALE.
PINE LAND FOR 8 ALE.
T ,,K sttll - <rU '" r off. at J.r> A . • -tt tr« : -f
I
by l«tid« of Allen Knur. John’Jain- Simon Wait!, Liu
line I*. Haynio, an-l others. IfnnidUr*-- -> « f •■ ■tore tin
Out Tuesday in November next, I will ojiVr 1; ai p:*t.]io ,
outcry on that day, at tho Lower Market Ho two in Au- j
(TUMta.
Any one. doalrlm.'to ptirchaao the tract, will ts. ••*•<«* ap
ply to Win A. Walton, In
aepW'Wif m:i!K(TA t AMI IKU>
FOR SALE.
I NOW offer f.r sale, iny entire PLANTATION,
. 98 Sft 30 miles <
In# 2400 ncrin ; 12--*) in a tine -t»t. «,f eulth .fi-n and
rimhl repair. A good Water (iiti urd F v anv s the
Cluuiale .el.t r river. The u>, ~«• w ill L for..*’. ;-t a >
■
PLEASE READ THIS.
. f :xr;y .‘i;A y,X:
eontainiiiK Hdo acres. The*Kr<-wirK rwp w iil ik ! .«•
the fertility ..tithe Laud. <»a the premises in a oinrortr.-
Me OwelliiiK lloum-, witli -ix lar K e romiw : ain., a ia< ir •
(tin House and Sciw . at'vo-Ptorv Itarn, with machhe .-v
forclfuinluggrain, and :i Uaru with Hnnw Cut;. :,, a '..
and HpacioiH Hlied- and HtalU, H-.u maU
framed, with tone tnd in i- 1. ehimin ; All. l w uicii an
c.irii, I’mider. Wi.t'-m, Farm if ur linpletnei.,
Cattle, Hheop, Hogi*. Ac., can h ‘ l.mtprht wltlt the |»r« ..
xdi*. For farther information appiv to the i«uo.-eni>er at
hi« residence, near Thomson, tl. 1. It. I*ers.,i.. wishing
to look at the premise.*, w ill tin ! Mr. A. PiiiJ. n there,
who will take pleasure in allowing them.
AI ho, a LOT with a two-Rt-.iv Dwelling lIOFSE iron
it in tho village of Thom <on, occupied at oroneiit by Mrs.
K. H Farneti.
Person wishing to avail
of Mr. F. C RichanU’ Fmrlish an ltd... deal School, will
do well perhaps, to apply ea-ly for this property
attlS-wtf L- (h STEF.T>.
, FOR SALE"
fJMIK
’ .0 ■ • I -il. - • ■ o'. ■
The others uitai.muf a- k« . . . Lead,
with .i ir* d Dwolling ami all iiet'essary oulhuildlngs.
Thu last eontahiing SOU h*..h imim; loved. Tl.e above
1 Slide are among the rhoicost Cotton Lands in Douglu r
tv countv, and within six miles ot the eontemplated
Southw de-u Railroad Tin first two JMnn: itio,.'< join,
Torm* l Hoe-al! ** *' ( iIAMI > HON I).
IMVr- t-» *W. w. cheever Albany, < .J-*- ph Ihmd,
M i- on, «'-a. - bblil
—— w T ATI ON FOR SALE.
rpiiß
1 I. ' ! iww in South*
western Oeorgia. I’h« tract contains HWO acres, v. ith
about -j.v.l acres in eiiltivatUm. A 1 at I'd acre* of the
traet i- 1 - id; tho bahmoe good
upland. It lies in Calhoun i.dmty, upon tiiu .water - f
< w h it< . b 4 stilus
Ullllonville. It would be ag. kll .«• ts; if-> a phy ician.
il
place, or can hear from mo by addr. - ig me at M in,
Callmnn county. I will give ample t ine-.
octipwtf W.M L LAMPKIN.
VALUABLE LANDS' FOR SALE.
rriiß i wd
1 situated ill !. \ lhiker and u rtv count - , in
bmlioH of JSO to 9000 acres onch, a part of which are im
provad and in cultix atiou.
Tho Landn have been .selected with groat cm-, aid
eompriHi* . ..me of tho very ch u l Oak and Hickory, and
Pine Land*. In the Southern country.
Persons in other parts of tin and tho adjoining Stab s,
wishing Information iu regard to the Land* or the r-.mi
trv, eon obtain It by address lug
W. W. CHEEVER.
nr Wlugi absent. Mr. Y. (. K-.-t will ;u totmy ■ nt,
who can at all times bo found at tho office of .Sims A
Choovor
Albany, April ffv*. 18M. miyi twAwtf
TO MANUFACTURERS AND CAPITALISTS.
\|' 11.1. bo sold on the i»r t l.i lv' it! APRIL next,
iu the town «»f t. « ' ii t ii; • •>.
unions previously Uwjmjs. .1 of at private sale, thu
OUEHNSHORO’COTTON FA< TORY. Tlu* building
L large, anil well suited to the purpose for which it was
erooted, ami it* located within one hundred yawls o! the
Georgia Railroad, with vrhieh it is o cmectod by ft “mru
o«t." The machinery is all in tine vder. am I , u-’ of
turning out 2f>oo lbs. of yam* per tiny. (Jr< ensb■>iV is a
very healthy tt.wu ill Middle Georgia. wlmre all liu ueo
e—••Vries of life are cheap, ami ten t i:;; -a.- much *• -u is
raised by the adjacent planters a- the Factory can turn
into yarn, and it can he bought at j cent per pound less
than the current price in Angt*-da. Arty one u idling to
make a profitable investment, will do well to examine
the property, as it can ho bought nriv.v. A at a f.iuaiu.
For particulars, apply to JOHN Cl NMNIIHAM,
deolt*wUl ' (*■' onsls rw'. t.a,
TO MEN OF TASTE AND CAPITAL.
f |Uii: -nb.M r, w;■ ’ - «• to > **:'.u i-'i'-m
4. Georgia. proposes to sell hi • place near Cave Spring,
n Vault’s Valley. \ od « (la., mniaminj. Ai7
acres, more or less, returned Is: <puaiity oak and hickory
—taoctly of soil and suitace not to wash ; s >ui.< lti»> acres ;
clean**) anti muter good tillage ; the remainder generally ;
well timbered. It has several springs ofcool blue l.lno- ;
stone o uter, two constant stc* am-, an eiuatiw water :
|H»\ver without dlining. orchards e? many uell st *<•.,. d !
varieties, especially of apples, and a large and commodi
ous Brick Dwelling, surrounded by tin* scenery, and
within a mile «f the village. Ion; noted for its edit* atiouai
advantages. All who have examined the premises, con
enr In tlie opinion that this place combine 5 the elements
of beauty, fortUitv, convenience and healthfuiu* ss to an
extent seldom, if ever, e.palled iu tin* country, But
,y.m«> and see f«.ryourselves, a t tie* character. I h-.tleu
aud resources of the place can hardly tail to satisfy yon
that It la a No. I arth 1 . no: -üb;« ct to th. fu. . . ,-us
the market. IVrtomv*. apply on the pretr • *■;
A\ D. COW l >UU Y.
(lave Spring, ddv 10. isV* ,:. v ' - w-*t
LAND FOR SALE.
♦) j** H'HKS, more or h —i A'< a-.•re.- •.1 '.ho w« ods—
/II »h -lit thr* o tail* - free.i the • ::y. ad. ’-sia V. Is
of IV H Warren, 11. H ( uu A st w art ’nr-.
There is an excellent Dwelling and uH mco >ary out
buildings ou Ute place. A No. n-vt rs! Springs of excel
lent water: and tor health, the siuuC a eaten v«r
tuts-jod. The place will be sold low if applied t r -eon.
For terms. A• \. app 1v to A• J 'lll Ci'.K. or
jy 15 r• W ri.IAUN •
FORM AN SIR ON PLOW-STOCS.
* 1 1 11 r. uc ■ cue 1.
4 to the above valus • set p' w *'L«>Y\ f the
counties **f Ra'Utn *n 1. Co -unK gI. i.i. Bnrke. .'ifor
atn, W ashiugf *«. S. r. s':. .salt*
An *!i St to pbufct • • ' ; price. This
•look. which A made cn*>- y. t wtv.: .’.it ir *v .> .» S', th
e»m invent out a A ha? < . -nt::.. • *■•-:. d t • • . vo
that it mu - tit *re su adily. br. ak - t t’>nl. eri; *s : .. : J
more clegs :«w r ugh lau«l, i> m.-r* easily
adjusts! for deep or glutilow plow ho*..' the si.a
m«*r*‘ tiruilv. lasts Incv-mp.v* .vbly 1, ,vr, a l i-. in th.o
end, (hr ch< aiM'r than tmy other stock sow iu use. This
statement is (tally sustained by ntr.a--ivn* eon&cau* in
our fr\*at the moat practical and sniv. -sfttl
planters i#' th*' country We wdl have *-tr»'
iu soodißK a ctrcnUrcouUtlnlug tic t 'hs. v rertuicates
and a more particular desert* .on -*t' the j an. »• ar.y
person wh** won id like to see them W* are '• * c to
refer toanv one who has given this Flow a t.. r trA In
the N*v N et' the tK'ttth* u C .. . :or. v .* i ; * i
tor of that work says; • After fi\ .g t: * F w a r iir
and impartial trial wo earn truly say. that we r g . i it .•:<
a mcMt valuable improvement n all .•v.'xi'a v.
implements of the kiodn win nv. F* g* u« al ctHcn *
«v and convenience. a< «>■ :»s sj .•*■' o ***.t:-'.. t. d. • >
tillage **r enh»«*il*nc. w c k»wv **t nothing tliat
it; while on the •o*»re *»f > and dus.tlt.l y. ti .*»
unrivaled. No plow with which we are fami
liar, w«o weUcaleolat it the careA-ss and dcs
tructirc usage of i-nn sv.ou -:U w • . ;
that its general introduction w.-uldh f ver> gu.-t ; ■ cu
aiarvl em’rtt tv* the plav .;jg i:.-. *•- <t . f the v-.n!
This at.yk is a*la, I x\ ix d«:V. .ut • naro* •• .•
—«tobra. ing every v« .cty w’m-h a :*.a..; •v i : v !
fb>ru the bcftn&hqt u- the end . the year T'. * ?• ; r. s
w ill be ftirmshixi with thv S ; wfcvn d;‘..o«gh
any p*laatati**.t >«ilth can tnak them aft* ri u. J
Riglb.x f*r ccuu'.le*. for I* “ F 1 will
be sold on reaaaoal le teru> v. \ppiv at tha Ha.du arc
Stores 11 August*, or add.. > IC. 11 i' N a Co.
dec IS wu A ; -
BESSMAN S GARDEN !
AUGUSTA, I*A.
r |' HE subscriber offers for sale a very choice ar.d mre
1 :c,;, - har iy , >RN \MEN iAL Ft.AN •>. on:
l*nu*ing ail the tineekt and best new varieties of Ever*
X '
KRC.UEENS of every varien . D<-. . *■ out.* «hruko-utai
ERKFS ami Cl. \N 1- * la * ... a of CKEI'-NL
HOI nE PLAN! S. Uiii-.pna:: si m ti > r.tiL
Ail orders promptly all mU .1 to. ami l’taiit? ; te-.tsl ta
gv* any distaaceincafety. Any uuvr.uat:■*:*. rt**j. Irexl wiU
be cheerfaUy given. Address, J. >V. AN.
»*ufJr *4ui Aliere-:a Ua.
TOBIN S GARDEN
I " NOW WEI L STOCKI*I> e h n v of
4 ?HRt W TREKS ORNAMENTAL sHKt l\& .ua l
PLANTS. FVtRGU rIN.-v , . d*»t>. i"
CLIMBERS.IDOI'RLE DAHLIAS, HVACIN i i.< as I
TULIPS, frost H haul Al-o ar,. hN-;,.nofGUVifcNN
-1!< K'SR PLANTS, deanabie £>r :.t;» .auu***-. n BOU
DERFLAX r< kept lu IM>. j. *
Mrs. J ANE TOBIN would lnf«>nn the pnhHr that her
Garden is still kept up. ami that no {4in* or eifxstae vrill
be *parv.l n> keep the be»4 alock of PLANTS aud BULBS
u» the js.kuih.
-w^*V in « the tMirvic«« of Mr. SANDERS, an
egyrienead Floret and Sunnymi. >ho 1 -po*. fvav
Lc 4triCk auea*m>u. to a stuu* efpuh
t S QTTS xvffi W mtvk- up at the at rtc*; no
*toi^k
OX the
p«m« who outered the ttt 4 , ***** f
ab*tracto«i from the cash drawer the r wbt
of the following denominate>n* andw ?
City lbiuk of Augusta;—;g»v s<i>,hater a v.
one of dilu, letter B. No. 453 j etc of $», ku,V a.
1757 All persons ore hereby «« th«t , f ,.
will be ma«le by the under?jglusd fiwr the payu»lw . f
«aiue at thu expiration of three r.iupthe_fiv*tt U- , iau ,
aud are also cautioned against taKd bills,
present payment has been A<*pped an them.
E. M U4I-BKKT.
Chariot m.. Sq, i>qc 4 >-.5 M w'im
VI.KTAMH.K-N Kin »:I.OVKS.-\ij*-l,
P Vf of White. Black aurt Celonxi Kid GL< mk& ust
ffftiV«4b/ ALSJLANDRR A WRlvlii.
Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
CLljnmiflf & S'ditiucl.
(Jovcni .r Lardncr.
0 . r;: r Gardner, of Maaaachußette, in hia mo*-
»r . • / hu bmitti dU* the Legislature of that
' -.:e. r:';}:remarka <m the wPer
soaal L:l< : IL:!/ paaaed at the last seaeioti :
T-.i . . • . Is tl eply to be deplored,
> ‘ \t as-.erU or looks U> the maintenance of
i-; > ij d m.-u: iy «i2.d < >u»tiL.tioiialiv <»ura/ which
<>f in my inaugtLrai A-i-lrtrHH, I atrecu
- . :ir.o-d th. »t L.-tr:ahitore to avoid, —because
of our
■ .
•. will moat cer
v •ci . ntroy our ■ niv bond of union,—and because
• ;.: . >if; armed <- inflict between the State and
• - N'aDona! (iovemments. Either this law must
. ad« a«i h tter on our statute book, unenfor
•i ..... me hour of trial comet, thus rc>dutdng
»I . tts to the pouition of et;ac
, a .vv she had not courage to enforce, or else,
. •• a:u*:npi is mode, it rnnst be supported by tlie
. m uiiiiLij y array of tiie State in direct and itnme
■■■.'a ' with the army of the United Slab/*.
I• • ).-• alternative but aubmiaaion or open war.
W i. Mu- iri . •< ‘ts .ill be ioyal to her Consti
. .. . . demands that all her U'<»n
--11 lx ■ ; ■ ted She ant* Ihe
. * • .!:< :ml compacts, the faithful per
• «- r tr*e naerod agreements of the fathers,
.• : ,i« i referred to ha* temporarily di
■ . -.ra! iv< igiit of thi»» demand, Its re
• • f ; t t gtv-J;. r voice its proper power.
Her p .:n .on with the entire North, and
• I • ■ ** .a.h. believing slavery to be a moral,
p.iii'iii evil, ciaim no j»ower to inter
: v. i i it those Staten, where by loco! law it
* •• demand, by a united voice in both
b»; . oi < ••j.grcfr-. and by almost uh united a
tJiat it siittil not i>e suffered to
i •» :!,<»*•• Territories where, by solemn
«• • . . ouj-» ••■ .i li.-.m Hlipuhitcd that it should
i enter. 1 ;•* dispshHionate judgment of our
ci ..i. - wi at i/ii<" t« ,ieh them tlmt this end, so
: : h to be ui -irmi. cannot be promoted, but on
contrary must lx- seriously retarded, by the
. : eoiiiinimnee on our statute book, of a
iw •kn iwie-d.ged unconstitutionaiity.
V : ; a!' . : i I'rmlurL’' of the United States*
Kj ni date, faruvni ed tlie Washiugton Union by
Mr. 15. v. *.-. . flicient superintendent of the Agri
• ii.:t ai i>. .'. n of the Patent Office, that journal
mak* - up the * . owing intimate of the agricultural
I iff* -! States for the year 18S5, and
b inclined to l>. sieve that wc have under rather
than ovi-r-i sUrnuted the yield, as well as the prices
">'b/u:i Total value.
L-'lian ( : -v, i.nOOfiu.d!ftt 60c $J60,300,(XX1
} ■ . 14 LMO.I »«i.iHtu L, HI 41 14,000,000
hud».,lH at «lc.. 5,940,000
• • > - -/oeuti’ixbf 1», ai 4oc 68,000,000
Buckwheat, 10,000,(XA) hu-bcls, at 50c G. 000.000
• . uli - r;-. llo.tuxpyiO trash, at 37Jc.. 41,250,000
i.-i 1-. t #1.25 72,500
i. .ii* «• i 1 F. a- erax• nw hnshels at#2 19.000,000
< r - 1C .--Seed, 1 JXMi.fMJO im-h.-ls, at #J 5,000,000
■* • imm.dfi, at 4c 10,000,000
1M.1.1M) ihiuiuD. at 7c 35,350.000
> ■ I . li.iph pound-, at 8c 2,720,000
Ht:w 4,200,000
;,v> galf-iiH, at #1 2,500,000
.'•■-•-•I nd at 15c 525,000
< ■ i IV*.dui 25,000,000
• ir !• i, IV-1 t m 50,000.000
at 10c 19,000,006
l ' . "••ii 'XW p. imdH, at 8e 136,000,000
H* i'. '! • -Jt. it-, at *»10<) 3,450,000
- T - ■ -Ou-l p .nisds, at 10c *O.OOO
ihi ;.i ! ft-l-L r, 16 'itXi.OOO ton«, at#lo 160,0(Xi.000
F.i-t:ir.i- 143,000,000
1 » Mi l * data we have prepared the follow
ing table:
lA-■m ‘ Ah nn ah and A nrm a/ Prod net*.
Total value.
1! nj;io,ot' at .*2O #420,000.000
II- : . - lint tmihft. 5.100,000, at #6O 306,600,000
-lii < p,23..\ « iiK). at #’ 47,000.000
w. ;ii-. *>, a* #;» 160,000,000
Mi .i.!( 500,000,000 ItiH. ftt 15c 75,000,tXXl
Milk. b v liiHlw f.»r timt used for butter and
eh. 1 .(M 1 UMI.OOO gall*, at 10c 100,000,000
SV..o! i, .‘.ihiO.im'l mn at TV 21,000,000
H wax and Ifuitev, 16,000,000 tba at 15c 2,400.000
'.lk coco fits, 5.«»00 »V at #1 5,000
(iOvlknok Shannon Won’t Do.—Gen. String
-1 :!• *w. the 1* •. i ler of the pro-slavery party of Kansns,
says in his papi r, that the abolitionists (of Kansas)
have come the Yankee over uk this time—tho Gov
ernor In :s betrayed us. He has betrayed himself,
ihe .south, and the whole of the pro-slavery party.
Wc* hud them jiet where wc wanted them, and he
-■po'ded all. N<xt time we must plan for ourselves.”
Wu it is h> be done, then? Some say that Shannon
will resign, but why resign, when he is only folluw
ioc vlu- «-x»iu»p\e of the Cabinet at Washington, in
m: »•' . h "it promises'and performing nothing. Tie
hacked out. Hut what of it? lias not Mr.
Ph- « —has not ?larey done the same thing over and
•The Governor of M vine os Slavfrt.—Judge
WeV. i!, <• newly c!. t ied Governor of Maine, in liih
M{•» 1 1. • Legislature, admits that slavery iff
n i < vil, Imf thinks “it in not the part of wisdom, in
Midi rt‘> **iai-ve one evil, to bring upon ourselves an
nvalanela of.-vils. lie believes that when the
owi:. •• "T .'•!.*! so* desire to relievo themselves of the
institution, they will adopt gradual emancipation,
ami points t:» Liberia as the scene of the future
greatness of the negro race. He acquiesces in the
a> i :‘ iof the Missouri Compromise, endorses
the doctrine of “squatter sovereignty,” and sums up
the subject, of slavery ns follows:
“Tim Southern people are subjected to the burden
of slavery : limy know how to treat it better than
we (hi, and it is alike alien to patriotism, and a true
•m e of l t li-rious dutv, to inflame tho minds of
Soul hoinVi:i?!eiis and aggravate their condition by
a constant course of censure and an unnecessary in
terference with their affairs.”
Tm Oemock\tu National Committee, which
lived upon the flrst Monday of Juno for the assem
bling of the Democratic National Convention at
( ineinnnti. adopted the following resolution :
.‘r . That in constituting future national con
ventions ol the Demoerntis party, in order to secure
tile r« >} eetive rights of the States to their relative
, : nioii io mioii conventions, each State shall
!>.- entitled to twice the number of delegates that it
i .is vde.- in the electoral college, and no more; and
that t!.< I>< . toeratie National Committee, in making
aiTnnvtemcau for the next National Convention,
} : \l. : , .'Ueli number of scats therein for each State,
and secure the same to the delegates elect
T v also request, with a view to the proper ar
rangt m« nts of the scats of members, that the dele
1, ... from the several States or Districts of the
1/ . • i Stabs to the nest National Convention, for
ward to Hot A I*. Edgcrton, Hieksvillc, Ohio,
chairman "ft!., committee of arrangements, their
respective names and post offices.
F;<un tin Ist of January to the 30th of June, 1855,
the total killed by accidents on railways in Great
lb tain and Ireland, according to tho official state -
m nts just published, was 113, and 158 injured ; of
•which three were killed and 10« injured from causes
b y.uid t a il* own control. When it is remembered
that in Great Britain there is nothing like the num
ber of miles of railroad travelled as in tliis country,
ami probably not near so many persons travelling,
tilt? safety of railroads in that country would not
r-r.-m to be any greater than those of the United
The X . f ?lk Avgus states that not more than about
p r v of the rig crop in that vicinity came to
h v and assigns the yeUow fever that prevail
ed :v du: the summer as the cause. It says:
• A portion of every kind, except a small
whit" v.v.L’y, f iled tho ‘celestial fig,' exhibited
: isoi decay before they were fully ripe. A small
wa> rir>i observed, generally outlie spot
!<ny?n\N and near* *; the ground. This increased
I.* u 4 11 th<-i' h"le fig was a mass of very offen
.. % be worthy
? jot- .t > • . ! \ '.-tionsof the leaves on some of
tho s i. tv*-« • ehnnged to a dark color, and wither
ed «> i c:..y it'- t * muldle of September.”
T. Id A m * Tribune, of the second of No
v. der our nm es in an extra, another desperate
' 4 • . . il e g .veminent troops and the In
d vis. Tm ;*. h ii to-.k place on the 29tk of Octo
: ik r T •:’q,ic. Gen. Hornes had under his
c .vo. vd I '0 cavalry, £BO infantry, and two pieces
T v li. dans numbered 3000 men. Soon after the
buttle was c turn need, the militia, composing a
large portion of the force under Gen. Ilomos, be
e-air.- bis* -yunim d, and all efforts to induce them to
M-te.ni won iw .c». Tliis occasioned a groat loss—
tviy mm .-mg killed and wounded, intruding a
« -t and four *»rii on*. Gen. Homos was there upon
bilgeJ to retire to an adjoining fort.
Tar 0. t New i i uvronT Colledge.—This is the
>\ arsine the building of the Presbyterian
* t:a. *. u Federal street, Newburyport Mass..
; and r v: daring the summer, we understand,
| t:nu s.a .oiy will hav<- a centennial celebration. On
I two a v —its that chare!, is worthy of notice. It is
t . ... v -ting of Whitefield, audhas a whis
per: g - V Tacit is excelled by no one in this
eMi;:ury. aiAioniv equaled in Great Britain by the
e ’ v gallery of St. Paul's, ir. London. It was
i —. : k aip.e • i tUat eiiure.i. too, thatuk-c came
f • - •• ;• in - day* of the Revolution, at
t * c:i . . ;■and enlistvd in the war of
I independence.
L . - Ignorance or America.—Governor
Anthony v h- - home from Europe as follows:
I ;;,Vv " u ■* mr ' vl -° bad held a high place in the
M « country that maintains a large com
merce wr.i the l ni ed Matt's, estimate the popula
te— ed NT w \o. k a; 150,000. And when ne was
tout that N; v - I >'.k with Brooklvn and the other
a Uv.irvl—: mtinicipiilities tmmbercJ about the popu
hwn 4-f Palis, lie evidently did not believe it,
though L»‘ 'as ti*o jk .kc to say so. I have seen men
whose peed: ion should mak - the in quite fhmi’iar
vrif! -*nii>tice, "’iak" their heads in incredalous
when told that there were more miles
v: r. !!•' ;,v in the United States than in Europe, and
:.; ; . ~ .unboat tonnage of iae Mississippi and iu
uiand wa
ters of the Eastern hemisphere.
A owri-spoudoKt of the London Time*, in com
«K.iHiog upon tI.M pr* ccee of liish agriculture, states
th i dark g *.h* p -t fourteen vea» the value of farm
.-t- k —1 "land has inereasod from j£*22.000,000 to
£:U>.o('K'.iH»- 1 >: t rung, and that the number of horned
"'it?:* *::t*§ rfee® from2.oooooo to 3.230,000, while the
• unritv imeeorr(*pon(irßgbr fanprovsi Still, how
**yer vhuh 2U.uud.ooooi acr«e wkiek Ireland eom
! : only alHint.ime-fourth is under direct tillage,
ana fully oiiv-third in pasture.
A cotrqißri> * of t*»e performances of the collins
mni Uanard lines of European sti apw in for th* past
oh'w-- tlwt the former have beaten the latter on
the Eatfttn ]>aone day and four liours, and
,rn dw Weste rn pmamges * .nedav and seven hours
and tv enty minute*. This ia l«etter sailing, on the
part of th* C'uiuuvl st* auu-i>. than was shown in
th« piwious year.
sUuJn(m»Me 'Ordinary. —Mr. Harvey Moore.
-1 d a priwipie for wUeh direction can be given to an
| Jit aeivlforatrd or retarded at the
-• v 4 the t utriuecr or pifot who may take charge of
I tt TU1 ‘ k r It l'ii *** 01 baUa * t °* wsst * in H»e
EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE.
Additional by the Canada.
y’ctc York , Jan. —The mails by the Canada have
arrived here and we make the folio-.ring extracts of
interest from the files received.
Advices from St. Petersburg say that the mam
foroe of the army at Odessa id to be removed to
Xicholirefflf.
The Czar has, it is rumored, ordered a concentra
tion of ali his forces upon all his strong js>«ition.-i on
the Black and Baltic Seas.
Prince Paakiewitch is reported dead.
'Tie* fall of Kars will make no cliauge in the plains
of Mouravieff, who will make the city his winter
quartars.
There is some talk about Austria laying her re
solutions, in relation to the Eastern question, be
fore the Frankfort Diet, and it U thought that the
Diet will recommend to Russia to make peace.
A correspondent of the London Post says that he
issuri-d that tlie Czar has writen to the King of
Prussia to the effect that he could not, even if he
wished it, agree with the Western Powers nil a basis
of peace.
The Russian loan had proved a failure on the Ber
lin Bourse.
An American ship, lying off Copenhagen, had
caused some anxiety, as’it was 6aid to be laden with
arms for Russia.
The Portuguese had seized an important position
in Western Africa.
The Invalide Russo, of the 13th December, pub
lishes the following :
“Aide de Camp General Prince Gortschakoff has
forwarded the following, under date of the 28th of
November, 10th December:)
“Everything goes on satisfactorily in tlie Crimea.
“On the *2f)th of November, (Bth of December)
Colonel Oklobjio. with a small jiortion of the de
tachment of the Upper Belbek, crossed the moun
tain r>uoi> which gives access to the valley of Baidar,
attacked the advanced posts of the enemy at Our
kountu ami at Baga, and having dislodged them
from those - upon the
Tdhemaya.
“Twenty prisoners remained in our hands."
The Ehpaua, of Madrid, of December 14, shvh that
the indemnity of 60,000 duros for the Black Warrior
affair Ims already been paid to the U. States from the
treasury at Havana.
The dividends on South Carolina and Louisiana
bonds have been advertised for payment in Lon
don.
His Excellency the Persian Ambassador Seif-00l-
Moolk-Miri-PimJ-Abbas-Kouli-Khan, arrived at St.
Petersburg!! on the 9th ult., and was received with
all the honor doe to his rank.
A letter from Manchester of the 18th ult., says :
“The suspension of a large spinner and manufactur
er at Fin wood, near Middletown, (Mr. James Chee
tham,( was mentioned on tlie Exchange, and took
people a good deal by surprise. The meeting of
ereoitors is called for Friday It is feared that tlie
stoppage will bring down one or two smaller manu
facturers who were connected with the concern."
The Latent Despatches.
Berlidf Dec. 20.—Evening—Letters from St. Pe
tersburg state that it was always intended to act
merely on the defensive against Omar Pacha.
It is not supposed that the fall of Kars will make
any change in nis plan, but that Gen. Mouravieff will
make that place his winter quarters.
They hope at St. Petersburg that Gen. Mouravieff
will disconcert Omer Pacha’s schemes by threaten
ing Erzeronm.
Jjondon , Dec. 22.—Tho Daily News city article,
dated Friday evening, says: On the stock ex
change business continues greatly restricted at pre
sent, pending the receipt of intelligence from St.
Petersburg. General opinion is deaidedly adverse
to the probabilities ol peace ; but the influential
buyers, whose operations have of late formed so re
markable a feature, maintain their position and still
afford great support to prices.
The English Money Market.
Is>ndon , Dec. 20,2 o’clock. —Notwithstanding that
the present demand for increased pecuniary accom
modation by the mercantile body is acknowledged to
be of itself of a temporary nature, and likely to cease
at the turn of the year, serious misgivings appear to
be entertained in many quarters vvhether an easier
stute of the money market will thereupon supervene.
There are many causes for this feeling at present in
operation, the chief being tlie default of large and
continuous arrivals of gold, the generally unsatisfac
tory position of foreign exchanges, the certainty
that very heavy remittances of bullion must shortly
be made on account of the Turkish loan, and the pro
bability of n government loan being negotiated early
next year. There are, m addition to these grounds
of apprehension, many others which bear in the same
direction, but which it is not necessary to enumerate
nt present. The quantity of gold known to be en
route from Australia is by no means equAl to our re
quirements, since the demand from the Continent
continues to cause a regular absorption of all the
goidi ffered for sail* in the market, and also weekly
diminution in the amount held by the Bank of Eng
land.
We have also large balances to pay to the United
States for corn and cotton, and other staple articles
of imports from thence, and our exports to that part
ofthc world by no means maintain the ratio they did
some few years ago, before the effects of recent
commercial legislation were apparent. Tho ship
ments of silver to Indin and China continue very
large, and they pay for the army and works iu the *
< Ynnon form not an inconsiderable item in the de
mand for the precious metals. To meet all these
additional drains upon the resources of the country
the government has consented to the emission of
£ 175,000 notes, in addition to the sum of £14,000,-
000 previously issuable, without a corresponding
amount of bullion being in the bank vaults. It will
thus easily be seen that the additional issue is perfectly
inadequate to meet the requirements of the public
and to avert the peril which the Bank Charier act is
bringing upon the whole community. Perhaps,
however, another turn of the “screw” will cause the
mercantile classes to remonstrate iqpre forcibly with
the government on the iniquities of the present sys
tem of currency, and lead to the adoption of sounder
principles.
Details by the Atlantic*
The Peace liumor* —The news brought by the
Atlantic is interesting, but not of profound impor
tance. We may say it consists wholly of rumors.
The peace negotiations remain in slatu quo. Count
Esterhnzy has reached St. Petersburg, out the re
sult of his mission cannot be known for some time,
say until the second week in January. Austria lias
made known to Prussia the contents of the West
ern proposals, find has urged Prussia to press then*
acceptance on Russia. The Cabinet of Berlin, is
reported to have listened to the request, and to have
fin unusually firm tone in recommeuding Russia to
receive the propositions. The smaller States of
Germany have also sent a special convoy in the per
son of M. Seebach, the Minister of Saxony, to St.
Petersburg, to add the weight of their recommenda
tion. Rumor asserts positively that Denmark is
about to embrace the allied cause, and to conclude a
treaty on the some basis as that recently negotiated
by Sweden.
It is said, however, that in the event of Russia’s
refusal to accept the suggestions thus universally
urged, Austria will not, at once, take so extreme a
step as to break off diplomatic relations, but will re
call her special envoy. Meanwhile the terms of the
W estem propositions are kept mysteriously secret,
but are whispered to bo merely the neutrality of the
Black Sea, a remodelling of the government of the
Principalities, freedom of the navigation of the Dan
ube, and in other respects almost the .status quo ante
helium. On these terms Russia is believed to be
willing to resume conference. But an item of seri
ous difficulty stands in the way:—the question of
indemnity for the expenses of the war. Lord Palmer
ston absolutely insists on Russia paying an indemni
ty, and is so set on this point that he will resign his
office if unable to carry it against his colleagues.—
Napoleon expresses himself as indifferent whether
an indemnity be paid or not. Turkey obstinately
insists, with "England, on being repaid by Russia.—
Austria declares the proposition to be monstrous,
and has given notice that if indemnity be demanded
from Russia, Austria will demand payment from the
allies for preserving the Principalities. Russia, of
course, indignantly refuses to pay the first cent. —
Napoleon is reported to be desirous of summoning a
Congress of nations—wherein he would reign lord
paramount.
The Paris correspondent of the Times states that
the fact of the Emperor of Austria having addressed
nu autograph letter to the Kiug of Prussia, asking
him to support the peace propositions, of which
Count Ksterhazy is the bearer, is now unquestiona
ble. Bavaria and Saxony will also support the pro
posals. They are said to be drawn up with the
greatest delicacy of expression without losing any
tiring of their force.
The following is published in the English papers :
“ A telegraphic despatch from Berlin relates an
unconfirmed rumor to the effect that Russia and the
United States have concluded a treaty, offensive and
defensive, in case war should break out between
Britain and America: but another version is, that
the agreement merely relates to the purchase of ships
of war.
The following is a paragraph iu tho Vienna Aus
trian Gazette :—“ There is a good deal of talk in the
military circles of a treaty having recently been cou
eludedoetween the Cabinets of St. Petersburg and
Washington, in which they bind themselves to lend
each other effective assistance in the event of war
breaking out between the United States and the
Western Powers. It is further said, and with great
er probability, that Russia is negotiating with the
United States for forty five or fifty ships of war.”
Franc • Hints at a European Congress. —The idea
of calling together a European Congress, “to settle
not only the present Eastern difficulty, but all the
complications in European relations that have
arisen since the Congress of Vienna”—in other
words, to re-adjust the balance of power—is report
ed to be the pet idea of the Emperor Napoleon, and
to be exceeoinglv distasteful to England. Napo
leon is said to have actually commissioned M. de
Seebach, the Minister of Saxony, who has gone
to St. Petersburgh as bearer of the views of the
smaller German states, to bring the suggestion un
der the immediate consideration of the Emperor Al
exander.
How utterly dipleasing this proposal is to the
Euglish government, may be inferred from the lan
guage of the London Times, which says: “Rather
than submit our quarrel to a Congress in which Rus
sia would be omnipotent by the votes of her vassals
and mercenaries, let the sword decide between us!
We did not draw it without counting the cost, end
vre ought not to sheath it without some l>etter guar
antee than can be afforded by the wisdom or firm
ness of a Congress of European Sovereigns.” It is
needless to say that the influence of France, more
than of Russia, is fearvd in a Congress.
In connection with this alleged idea of Napoleon's
is the publication, in Paris, of a pamphlet entitled
‘Xcccssife (Tun Congresspacifor fEurope. ' by un
horror. iVEtat. Tis pamphlet has made a sensa
tion. Pains are taken to promulgate that the wri
ter i? a M. Dmvyier, but the general impression is
that the Emperor himself is the author. The work
is largely quoted from in tin English journals. It
advocates the immediate calling of a Congress of
Nations.
Mr Adherents to the Western AtUauce. —On
Monday, December *£sth, Baron Seebach. Mxon
Envov’iu France, left Dresden for St. Petersburg,
«>n a mission which is officially stated to be connect
ed with the negotiations for peace. Baron Seebach.
it is understood, will defiver to the Czar something
like .an imatum on the part of the smaller Ger
man Powers ; and the tenor of this ultimatum is
surmised, from the selection of its bearer, to be in
accordance with French view*. News and stronger
rumors are current that Spain and Portugal contem
plate a formal adhesuon to the Western alliance, and
that the King of Naples hae almost made up his
mind to do likewise.
Denmark, it is said, will speedily acquiesce, sis she
has not already done so, in the treaty Concluded
between Sweden and the aitfoa. and immediately
after her acquiescence Engiiah and French officers
will proceed to Stockholm and Copenhagen, to es
tablish storehouses and hospitals for the allied fleets
anil armies.
The Peace Negotiations. —The week's new* pre
sent no new facta as to the progress of the peace
negotiations. We have, however, a great many re
ports and surmises, the tenor of all indicating in
creased hopes of a renewal of direct negotia
tions.
The Presse, of Vienna, has the following :
“We learn from a respectable Kiuroe that the
English journals are misinformed when they state
tbnt Count Efiterhaiv is the bearer of an idtxweatum
to the Russian Government He is dimply com
missioned to communicate to the C abinet
propositions which may ultimately lead to peace. A
perfect understanding prevails between \ ienna.
Paris and London, but a rejection of the terms now
made will hardly immediately lead to the direct par
tieiparion of Austria in the war. Austria will roakc
another political demonstration—recall her Minister
—before she resolves on taking a step of such ex
treme importance ”
The Vienna Oesterreiehische Zeitung adds :
“Up tv the present moment Austria hoe not
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 23, 1856.
pledged herself to enforce the conditions oipeace as
they now stand with the sword. Indeed it would
be simply ridiculous to menace Russia at a season
when it is impossible to attack her/’
As regards the nature of the terms offered to Rus
sia. the Vienna Gazette says :
“In fact, all the lost positions are to be restored.
The moutlis of the Dniester and Danube, and with
the exception cf a few points, the Crimea coast, a re
in the hands of the opponents of Russia, and the s».-a
is forbidden to Russian ships. Yet Russia is to suf
fer no territorial limitation ; the Baltic is to be open
to her ships, anti the Euxine to her commercial na
vy. She must give up the luxury of a Black Sea
fleet, and open her ports to foreign consuls, but. on
tlie other hand, she need raze none of her fort idea
tions. Nothing is demanded that would wound tl.e
dignity or lower the military honor of Russia. The
command of the Sulina mouth of the Danube was ac
quired by Russia without the consent of Europe,
and only held under the pretence of guaranteeing
the continent of Europe against the plague. But
Europe, which no longer requires the aid of Russia
to secure her against that evil, does need and must
have the freedom of the Danube.”
The official Dresden Journal states that Prussia
has expressed her willingness to agree to the neu
trality of tho Black Sea, subject to certain condi
tions. Other Prussian papers say that the demoli
tion of the Russian fortress on tlie Black Sea is not
insisted on by the allies.
Movements in Asia. —Omar Pacha, at latest dates,
December 11th, had established his head-quarters at
Redoubt Kale. Omar himself was at Siva Novem
ber 3d, where his army were encamped, stopped by
the rains. Selim Pacha, with 12,060 men, was at
Trebusonde, waiting the arrival of the Egyptian Di
vision. Gen. Mouravieff had directed a column on
Akhaltsik. and part of the garrison of Kutais had
gone to Gori, to defend the passes which command
tlie entrance into Georgia. At Constantinople, it is
asserted and expected that the Russians will evacu
ate Kutais.
Another account says that Omar Pasha had re
crossed the Ingour. Also, that Selim Pasha will be
superseded and brought before a court martial.
The fall of Kars. —Advices front Erzeroum to
the 29th of November, bring accounts of the surren
der of Kara. General Williams had intended to
hold out to the end of November, in hopes of relief,
but on the 24th 80 men perished of hunger, and
seeing that no succor was at hand he thought it
needless to prolong the sufferings of the garrison.
General Kraety and Kohiman, (Fezi Pasha) who,
if captured, would have been handed over to the
Austrians, succeeded in making their way through
the Russian patrols, and were at Erzeroum on Nov.
•>th. On the l lth of November, Mouravieff sum
moned the place, at the same time promising an
honorable capitulation and assuring tne command
ant, Vassil Pacha, that he need look for no succor.
Ou the following day the Mushir presided at a
council of war comprising all the officers of the gar
rison. Opinions were divided. Some advised a des
perate attack on the Russians, and others a retreat
on Erzeroum, cutting their way through tin* enemy’s
Hues. Gen. Williams proposed to prolong the de
fence for some days more, iit/the hope of Selim Pa
gJia’h arrival. This suggestion prevailed, and Major
YfcSßdale, accompanied by Mr. Churchill, Gen. Wil
liam's private Secretary, was sent to the Russian
camp to demand of Gen. Mouravieff an armistice of
ten days, with liberty to send a courier to Erzeroum.
Captain Thompson immediately left. At Ilassau
Kale he met a Russian corps d’armic, and finding
that Selim Pacha could not advance, lie returned to
Kars.
Russian Official Report of the Surrender of Kars.
—The Invalide Russe publishes General Moura
vieff’s detailed report of the surrender of Kars, us
follows :
“ After the assault upon Kars, on September 29,
the Turks took courage for a time, expecting our
troops to retreat. They were much astonished,
therefore, when they saw, on the contrary, the
blockade maintained with greater strictness than
before, and our camp becoming transformed into a
fixed and organized establishment, surrounding
them on all sides, and daily receiving stores of every
description.
“Nevertheless, the hopes of the besieged once
more revived when sumo troops of succor approached
from Erzcroum. Indeed, Velv PacKh, chief of the
Erzeroum detachment, and afterwards Selim Pacha,
coming from Trebizond, did attempt to march upon
Kars, but their rear was always menaced by Gen
eral SousoloiFs detachment. Our patrols also an
noyed these troops, even in the very neighborhood
of Erzeroum.
“All the time the supply of food was becoming
exhausted at Karp; the weather was growing cold;
snow had fallen upon the heights at Saganlong; hun
ger provoked mortality amongst the garrison: the
desertions increased in number, and dejection be
came general.
“All these circumstances determined General
Williams, who directed the defence, to surrender
the fortress. On November 24th, the Aid-de-Camp
of General Williams, Major Teasdale, presented
himself before Aid-de-Camp General Mmiravieff,
bringing a letter, in which General Williams re
quested authority to come tlio following day into
our camp under a flag of truce, in order to consult
upon an arrangement. Aid-de-Camp Gen. Moura
vieff charged Miy. Teasdale with a verbal message
to General Williams, to the effect that he was ready
to receive him in the afternoon of the next day,
Nov. 25.
“At the appointed hour, on the 25th, Gen. Wil
liams presented himself to the Coinmauder-iu-Cliief
of the detaehedfeorps of the Caucasus—as the pleni
potentiary of the Musliir Vassif Pacha, Cominan
aer-in-Chief of the Array of Anatolia. The condi
tions of tho surrender having been drawn up, were
signed by General Williams, and approved by Aid
de-Camp General MouraviefT. General Williams
was to return to our camp the next morning with
theMushir’s final reply, but his presence in the for
tress being necessary to nut affairs in order, and to
bring ike news of surrender to the knowledge of tin;
garmsmi, the decision meeting with a passionate re
sistance from some of tin; officers, he sent his aid-de
camp to inform us how the affair stood.
“The evening of the same day, however, Major
Teasdale presented himself, with full powers in wri
ting given by the Musliir to Gen. Williams, to settle
definitively the conditions of capitulation, and also
with a list of the Pcschna of the army of Anatolia
then in Kars.
“In the afternoon of November 27, Gen. Williams
accompanied by his staff and three Paschas, enter
ed our camp aud signed the final conditions of capitu
lation.
“According to the treaty, the residue of the army
of Anatolia, which comprised the garrison ol Kars,
were to leave the fortress on the 28th, with their
arms, their flags flying, and with the drums beating ;
but, u]Hm the prayer of the Turkish commanders
themselves, ail the troops left their arms and am
munition in their camps, under the guard of some
Ottoman soldiers, who were then relieved by ours.
“Although it had been airanged that the Turks
should form in columns near the ruins of the village
Goumhes at 10 o’clock in tho morning, it was not
until two o'clock in the afternoon that the Musliir of
the army of Anatolia, accompanied by General
Williams and some English officers, presented them
selves before Aide-de-Camp Gen. Mouravieff. Our
troops bad previously been airanged in order of
battle upon the two banks of the river Karstchi.
The flags of the Turkish regiment were then brought
to the front of our lines, and were received by a
company of carabiniere of the; regiment of Toula
Chasseurs, amidst the sound of music, aud hurrahs
caught up from battalion to battalion.
“The portion of the Turkish army, consisting for
the most part of old aud feeble men, of soldiers re
lieved from an indefinite time, (the Redifs,) also
some militia (Boshi-Bazouks and Lages,) forming
altogether a total of 6,000 men, were, according to
the terms of the treaty, sent to their homes under
escorts for the first half-day’s march, upon tho con
dition that they should no more carry arms against
his Majesty the Emperor, during the war.
“After the departure of tho Redifs, the Command
er-In-Chief received a deputation from the chief in
habitants of the city of Kars.
“After the inspection of the Turkish regular troops
(about 7,000 or 8,000 men) who became prisoners of
war, General Mouravieff gave orders for the distri
bution amongst them of provisions which had been
prepared for them in the cuisines of the companies
encamped upon the left bank of the Karstchai.—
On the same day the fortress was garrisoned by
our troops, under the command of Colonel Do
Sage, and the Russian flag was unfurled upon the
citadel.”
A letter in Le Nerd, from St. Peterebnrgh, saya :
“It is thought that Genera! Williams will be brought
to St. Petersburgh. His position at Kars was far
from being an agreeable one. He found himself
between two parties, both wishing his death—the
one because he was willing to give up the fortress,
the other because he did not give it up before. Du
ring the three days of negotiation, his only place of
safety was the Russian camp; he did not dare even
to return to the fortress for the night, but slept in a
house situated at the extremity of the suburbs out
side the walls.’’
The Crimea. —There is nothing important from
the Crimea. Correspondence to the 11th mentions
that the banks of the Teliemnya were still flooded at
that date. The R ussians had'made an appearance
on the heights of Ourkousta, and showed some mani
festations of an intention lo attack the French posi
tions in the Radar Valley, with the view of restrict
ing the ground covered by the allied outposts, which
now affords fuel to the army and food for the cattle.
As the French have retired in presence of winter,
the Russians have thrown forward their advanced
posts at Keloluz and Mark'd!, to the north.-ust,
and from Aitodar and Ozembash, to the north of
Baidal'. The Russians continue to fire steadily from
the north side of Sebastopol, but English corres
pondence says little damage is done. The allies have
ceased to return the tire.
The roads are so bad that the conveyance of but
ting materials to the front is suspended, and if not
resumed several thousand men must pass the winter
under canvas. All the British cavalry have now ar
rived from the Crimea at Scutari and Ismed.
Latest daU-s from Constantinople, 14th. say that
recent storms in the Black Sea had caused consid
erable damage to shipping. Active hostilities hud
ceased in the Crimea. At Odessa, Chereon an !
Perekop, from 16 to 20 deg. of cold had been expe
rienced. Communication with Simpheropol was in
terrupted by snow.
A private letter mentions a report (doubtful) that
the docks of Sebastopol were to be blown up on the
9th.
From the Special Correspondent of the Times.
Camp before Sebastopol, Dec. 11.—The monoto
ny of life in this huge military colour has been bro
ken slightly by the appearance of the Russians on
the heights of Ourkousta, and by some demonstra
tions of an intention on their part to try the .-trength
of the French positions in the Baidar Valley. As
the French have retired in the presence of winter
the enemy have thrown forward their advanced posts
atKololusond Marital to the northeast, and from
Ait&dar and Ozembash to the north of Baidar. Sun
day morning was dark and drizzly, and the previ
ous had been wet and stormy. The Russians,
with their usual feline aptitude for surprise-, crept
around the little village of Baga in the dark, and
just at the dawn rushed in upon the small party of
French which occupied it. Fora time the surprise
was complete; but our gallant allies very soon got
together, and at the point of the bayonent, after a
smart fusilade, drove out the enemy, who had many
horsemen with them.
In the pursuit of the Cossacks our allies managed
to capture some forty horses, for the former gentry
fled by a road which in old times was good enough
for a run, but they were astonished to find them
selves stopped by a deep scarp at a pretty spot
where a wall of rock closed the road at the light
hand side, and a precipice formed the left Land
boundary, so they had nothing for it but to dismount
and scramble across, leaving the horses, accoutre
ments, and all to their fate. In this affair the French
had one officer mortally wounded, seven men killed,
and 13 wounded, and the Russian.- are said to have
left 70 dead on the ground, and 20 prisoners in the
hands of the French. These are the numbers re
ported by rumor, but an exact statement will no
doubt appear in the official despatches.
The enemy fired ui>on the town most pertinacious
ly and finitely, for they do not in the smallest de
gree hinder the execution of the works in which we
are engaged, nor do they at all prevent the accom
plishment of the duties of the garrison. Their fire
is especially directed upon the docks, and it is not to
be wondered at if some few casualties have been
caused by it. All attempt to reply to their works
appears to have been abandoned W the allies.
Britain. —lt has been decided by the Liverpool
Dock Committee to increase the dock rates upon
tonnage and goods 10 per cent, on the average, a
measure which will, it is anticipated, add £37,000
sterling to their annua: revenue. The rate upon
cotton, to the sth of January. 1856, will be on Ame
rican. 6d per bate. on South American, 3d ; and on
on East India 4d per bale.
France —A grand Council of War is to be held at
Paris of all the Generate who have returned from
the Crimea. Pefittier approves of it, and the Dukes
of Cambridge and Gen. Marmora will be present.
Marshal] reJigrier is reported to have notified his
government that no military success is poeeibte from
t/e present base ofoperati in the Crimea. Hence,
t i*-y sav, the grand Council of War to be called in
P ri.v to decide on a new plan for the spring cam-
accouclurent of the Empress is expected to
occur about March 25th.
A cauip of 4u.000 men will be formed thi.- winter
at Cherbourg, and it is reported, another at Brest
Groat pr parationa are m aking to give eclat to the
triumphautentrv of the Guards into Paris, (ou Sat
urday. the 2*Jth ’Dec.
The Amt ri ran captains frequenting the port of
Havre have sent an application to the Emperor to
grant more extended means for translations and
maritime agency at that port.
Denmark. —W. M. Blumhe, the* Danish Plenipo
tentiary for conducting the Conference on the
Sound Dues, is understood to be now occupied in
preparing a revision ot the tariff, to be submitted to
the representatives of the nations interested. With
in a few days the Danish Government has issued
invitations for a new Conference, and has, on tlib
occasion, invited Hamburg, Bremen, and Lubec to
be represented.
The idea of having the revenue derivable from the
Sound Dues capitalized and paid off by the various
States, has been given tip,and the retention of the
dues, under conditions less burdensome to com
merce, which is expected to open in January.
Various Pan \ —Miss Nightingale continues at
Scutari, and proposes dividing her time tins winter
between that place and the Crimea.
An Odessa fetter mentions that the fortifications
of Nicolaieff arc completed. Gen. To die ben was tit
Odessa. So large is the influx of strangers into the
Crimea that 80.000 persons are said to be this mo
ment at Simpkeropol.
Gen. Luders h»u* again taken np his quarters at
Odessa, and recently gave a ball to celebrate the
nuptials of hia daughter—the only surviving child,
out of a family of twelve —with Col. \N cirmarn.
From the X. O. Delta, 10 ihinst.
From Cuiifoiu'a.—A E< *ni\'h£% Later luteili
pence.
The steamship Prometheus left New-Orleans on
the morning of the 36th December, ami arrived nt
B;in Juan *tu l! 1 .'-- Ist January. Ihc steamer Cortes
left San Fraucisuo in company with the l\ S. nu.il
steamer >aora. ami arrived at San Juan del Sur
on the Ist January, bringing JOl); ttssengeiu for the
States, 100 for Nicaragua, and stiUo,l>iii) in gold. Cue
paasengerscroosed the Isthmus in less than twenty
four hours, ami remained on board the Prometheus
until the arrival ot the Northern Light from New-
York. The Northern 1 ,igiit arrived on the -ith iust.,
and was to leave tho same day.
Affairs in Nicaragua are progressing very favora
bly. The country heidthv. and ail parties delighted.
Gen. Walker becoming more and more popular eve
ry day. A party of Col. Kinney’s men bad gone up
Indian river with a good supply of provisions, and
there was no doubt but that they would return with
gold. The town of San Juan’, and indeed of the
whole Isthmus, was particularly healthy. Left in
port nt San Juan, United States frigate Potomac,
United States steamer Pulton, British mail steamer
Solent, brigs Arule and Tiapeiglo. Ur. James A.
Nott, who (tame on board the Prometheus at Sen
Juan in a very debilitated state, died on the night
of the Bth inst., of bilious diarrhea.
Prom the San Francisco Chronicle of the 20 th vlt.
Summary of Notes. —Tin* principal matter of in
terest during the- last fortnight in tins city, has been
a contest in regard to the assets of Adams & Co.,
wherein the banking house of Palmer, Cook Sc Co.,
and several Courts have been concerned. The
Fourth District Court, before which the affairs of
Adams Sc Co. will be taken, and where A. A. Cohen
was appointed Receiver, revoked his appointment,
and appointed 11. M. Nagloe. Mr. Cohen, Receiver,
and Palmer, Cook Sc Co., with whom the assets
were deposited, refuse to surrender the assets—ami
allege as their excuse that they have been gar
nisheed by various creditors of Attains Sc Co. They
rn-e uot willing to pay over without an order from the
Supreme Court—the only security, as they say, that
they will not be liable to pay twice.
Judge Ilager, in ordering the transfer of the assets
to Neglee, made the condition that the transfer
should be made subject to all the legal liens and
claims upon them. After the refusal of Cohen Sc
Jones (the latter of the firm of Palmer, Cook & Co.)
to surrender the assets, Judge Hager ordered them
to jail for contempt. A habeas corpus was issued by
tho County Court, (an inferior tribunal) and the
Judge decided that the order of imprisonment for
contempt was not made in accordance with law. The
“contemners” were thereupon set free. They wore
soon arrested again upon another order by Judge
Hager, but their counsel fearing something of the
sort, had a habeas corpus in his pocket from the Su
preme Court: and he and his clients went to Sacra
mento, the State capital, to appear before the Chief
Justice of the Supri me Court.
The homicide calender for the first eleven months
of the year shows a list of 535 homicides, seven exe
cutions by sheriffs, in accordance with statute, and
forty-nine executions by the people, in accordenee
with Lynch law.
On tlic 13th inst. the Gas works to light Sacramen
to city were put into operation.
The U. S. frigate Independence, with her arma
ment on board, weighing in all 5,800,000 pounds, was
raised in the Dry Dock at Mare Island. Five out
of the ten sections of the dock were used on the
occasion.
A discussion is going on in the Common Council
whether the city shall grant exclusive privilege for
a couple of years to the Lake Mountain Water Com
pany to introduce water in the city.
The Grand Jury of Tuolumne county, has indic
ted five persons, among others J. W. Coffroth, a
State Senator, on a charge of having murdered John
S. Barclay. Barclay was lynched. The Grand Jury
of Monterey has indicted several men on a charge
of having lynched a man about a year ago.
From Oregon aud Washington Territories. —By
the steamship Columbia, which arrived this morning
from the Columbia river, the San Francisco Chroni
cle has files of Portland (O. T.) papers unto De
cember 15th. The news is deeply interesting. Sev
eral engagements •have taken place between the
whites ana Indians, in which considerable numbers
have been killed on both side.
The following dispatch from Lieut. Col. Kelley to
Adjutant Farrar, is published in an “extra” of the
Democrat Standard :
Headquarters , Left Column, )<t Reg'l O. M. F. )
Camp Waliu-Wulla, Dec. 8. $
To William 11. Farrar, Adjutant of Regiment.—
Sir: Yesterday morning, as my command was
on the line of march from the mouth of Touchet
River to Whitman Valley, we were attacked by
about four hundred Indians, with whom we kept up
a running light all day, and for a distance of about
ten miles from the Walla-Walla River. At dark on
yesterday the battle was suspended, by the Indians
withdrawing. We drove them from every position
which they took, both in the brushwood, along the
river bunks, and on the adjacent hills. This mor
ning the battle was renewed, and raged all day. At
dark, this evening the Indians again withdrew. The
number of Indians who fought us to-day has been
considerably greater than yesterday, and*is supposed
to exceed six hundred. To-morrow morning we ex
pect a renewal of the battle, which in all probability
will last for some time to < omc.
1 regret to say that yesterday and to-day we have
lost many brave and excellent men, who fell nobly
fighting lor their country..
"Subjoined to this dispatch you will find a list of
the killed and wounded. TL<- loss of the Indians
must bo very great, as their killed alone, during the
two days, cannot be less than fifty men. Among
their killed on yesterday was the noted chief of the
Walla-Wallas, the celebrated Pe-Peu-Mox-Mox. He
was taken prisoner by my command oil the othiiit.,
near his camp on the Touchet, and during the battle
yesterday made on effort to escape. In doing so he
was killed together with four others who were made
prisoners at the same time, and who also attempted
to get away. To-morrow, ns 1 suid, we expect a re
newal of the battle, and I regret to say that we are
not in a situation to repel the attack of the Indians
with that vigor which is desired. This arises from
our scarcity of ammunition, aud the broken-down
condition of our horses. The animals have be
come so poor and jaded that it is impossible to
make a stiocsstful charge against the Indians,
who are mounted on fleet horses, and can easily es
\vre arc, therefore, compelled, in a measure, to
acton the defense of our present position, whicq we
are now fortifying by making a stockade fort. Our
ammunition will be exhausted, I fear, with another
day’s hard fighting; and unless we can procure a
supply from Fort Henrietta, our position wiil be cri
tical indeed. Os provisions, we have only enough
for about three days, but we expect to get a supply
in two or three days.
I must insist upon supplies of ail kinds being sent
forward at once, as I do not intend to abandon tills
position until the last extremity. By so doing, the
enemy would be greatly emboldened.
This dispatch is written in great haste, and is dis
connected and exceedingly brief, and I know will
be unsatisfactory; but 1 wish to send the mes
sage forward immediately, so ns to reach Fort
Henrietta, before dav-light. At another time 1
will give you a more detailed report of all transac
tions that have occurred since leaving the fort on
the Umatilla. Respectfully yours,
J. K. Kelly,
Lieut. Col. Regt. O. M. V.
Killed —Capt. Bennett, of Company F ; 2d Lbut,
J. M. Barrows, Co. II; private, Simon S. Van Ha
german. Co. L.
Mortally 1 Voundsd and -Cnee Dead—Private Kel
so, Co. A ; private Henry* Crow, Co. 11.
Mortally Wounded but rtill Alive— Private Cas
per Snook. Co. H ; private Joseph Sturdcvant, Co.
B; private Jesse Fit-mining. Co. A.
Dangerously Wounded.— Cant. Layton, C\ TI ;
privates T. J. Payne, Co. II : F. Crabtree, Co. II ;
J. 15. Gervais, Co". Iv ; Nathan Fry*Co. 11.
Severely Wounded —Cnpt. A. V. vYilson, Co. A ;
Capt. Munson, Co. J ; Serg’t Major Isaac Miller,
Co. II: private G. W. Smith, C". B.
Slightly Wounded —Privates Franklin Duval,
Co. A ; A. M. Addington, Co. 11.
Fighting on Puget Sound.- —The Oregonian of
the 15th December contains the following :
The Pioneer and Democrat has received intelli
gence from the command of Lieut. Slaughter, who
are stationed near the forks of White and Green
rivers. It appears that Lieut. Slaughter and a par
ty of his command were unexpectedly fired upon by
a party of Indisms, immediately killing the Lieute
nant and several others, Ix/sides wounding a num
ber. The killed include Corporals Berry and Ciar
enden, of Captain Wallace s company. Privates
Beck, N*>lan, McMahon and Grace were wounded.
One of Capt. Key’s artillerymen was mortally
wounded, and has since died. From an extra we
extract the following :
Headquarters. Puget'* Sound District , >
Fort Steilaeoom, W. T., 6 P. M.. Dec. 7. 5
To Capt. G. Hays, Company B. W. T. V.ln
formation lias just been received at this port that on
Tu' sday night, while Lieut Slaughter was encamp
ed about fifteen miles below Morrison’s, and about
two miles and a half above Capt. Hewitt's camp,
Lieut. Slaughter, while s:t* :>g in a suu;!l hou><* *>n
Brannan's prairie, near the forks of Green and White
rivers, engaged in consult don with Capt. Hewitt,
Lieut. Harrison and Dr. Taylor, they were fired
upon by a large number of Indians, and at the first
discharge Lieut. Slaughter was shot through the
heart Two others were killed outright—one mor
tally wounded {since dead and five others wounded.
Lieutenant Slaughter left forty men and his ani
mals at Morrison's, and it will be necessary to re
lieve them at once. Upon the receipt of this I wish
you to concentrate your command immediately at
Biro key’s, and in advance, report to me when you
will be ready to march from that place.
Very reapeetfuhv, your most ob’t send,
E. D. IvEi a, Capt. 3d Art., com’g.
The Oregonian of 15tb December says: General
Wool U S. A , is bow, a.- we learn, engaged in ar
ranging preliminaries for a campaign against the
Indian* , at an early day. We are informed that
General Wool will take the field as soon as he can
concentrate a sufficient force, obtain the necessary
supplies for his troops, and the weather wiil permit
of a cuccesaiui campaign.
Rachel —By the arrival of the North Star we have
received the Diario deia Marina, of the Bth ii>.L. in
which we find a communication from Mr. Felix, the
brother of Rachel, in which he state* that the con
tinued illnee* of the celebrated actress has rendered
it neocttray that she should at once return to Euro{*e
and surrender ail idea of fulfilling her eegageinen ta
in Havana and the Unit'd States.— S. O. Delia.
A Brtg and a Bark Ashore al Barncgat—AH
hands perished. —During the gale of the night of the
15th instant, a brig and a bark went ashore near
Bai oegat, and were entirely broken up. Not a
vistige iiaa l>eea regained to fell what they were,
where tliey were from or whiCberthey were* bound.
These vessels would have required at least thirty
men to mnn them. The crews have undoubtedly
perishsd t»y the cold on that fearfoi night. Th**
Lark is to have been a Spanish vessel. It
u* probable that when the snow and ice meh. som*
inudligeuce may be gathered oonoermnr thvm— N.
X Herald.
Prom -V ■ (Jrlf’tzns Puc, r .,.< i'J.vi.
Later from Mexico.
The steamship Texan, Capt. Forbes, reacted th<
levee a: about half-past 10 o'clock lust brin----
mg a fortnight's later intelligence from M.-xico. Uu
Thursday, tne 10th inst., s:.e encouuteivd a heavy
gale from the northeast, which prevented her from
crossing the bar at the Southwest Pass until il
o’clock yesterday morning, and then the weather
whs very foggy.
Capt, Forbes reports that on the passage down :*»
\ era Cruz the Texas exp< 1 ieucud u heave northerly
c-file. She reached that port at 4P. M. bn the 4th
iust., but was unable to communicate with the shore
until the fit!:, in consequence of the gale continuing.
She left \ era Cruz on her return on the. Bth inst.,
bringing us full files of papers thence to that date,
and from the capital to the otk.
< ’apt. Forbes reports tlmt the British bark Dagger,
which arrived at Vera Cruz on the 24th of Decem
ber, was driven ashore during the following day by
a heavy norther, and became a total loss. Hercar
go was all saved, but in a slightly damaged condi
tion.
On freight, the Texas brings $57,400 in specie.
Our panera are filled with articles showing the
country still to be the victim of mingled tyranny and
anarchy. A press-law, more inquisitorial, if not
more despotic than ever, has been enacted.
At the same tune Deg -liadoin Guanajuato, and
l raga m the Sierra Gorda are engage d iu armed
opposition to Comonfort's Government on general
principles.
\ idaurri is strengthening himself for future move
ments, m what direction remains to be seen. Men,
arms, ammunition and provisions he is taking eaiv to
secure in abundance.
At present he appears to be operating against tlie
reactionists.
Ceu. Iraeouis, late Governor of Tampico, has
b v t*n nominated Commandant-General of the State
oi Puebla*
in Lower California the Council has compelled
Gen. Llancarte to resign the political command,
because, although lie had proclaimed the plan of
Ayutla, he allowed three months to rn-s without
acting on it. He was succeeded bv Senor D. Jose
Maria Gomez. Gen. Blnnearte intended to
embark for Muzatlcm, it is said, in order to avoid
surrendering the military command to Col. D.Komu
1° de Valle, nominated to itbv the Supreme Govern
lufcut.
The most important event is tlie promulgation of
a degree to regulate the press. It abolishes the
special tribunal or jury appointed bv the Govern
meuj to overlook the press, and prohibits anonvmous
wntn.e, that tl.e mum- ofthe wriu-rshnU urcompnnv
ail editorials ur communications.
Instead of being tried before the special tribunal
which the Government holds most necesaarilv the
partisan, and biased in lavor of the power from
which it derives its authority, charges for violation
of the law will in future be conducted before the or
dinary tribunals in u summary manner.
.. s>, \ei;,! j.jij n.lVe !>e. to Stop pi’.U
lication a number of editors have been imprisoned,
while the names all have been made public. Rath
er than disclose the names of the editors, some of the
papers have ceased publication. The law lias creat
ed a great deal of excitement, and is very unpopu
lar. ‘ 11
The Government seeing this, is making every ef
fort to explain away or modify its most obnoxious
points. In a circular from the Department of Slate,
it is declared that the law does not deprive foreign
ers of a free expression of opinion.
. General Tracouis who recently defied the author
ity of Garza at Tampico, has been appointed Com
mandant General of tho State of Puebla.
The re-actionary movement of General Urago
seems to be gaining ground in Sierra Gorda; but
the press seems to view it as a Very insignificant af
fair.
Revolutionary movements appear to be the order
of the day in all pai ls of the Republic. In Puebla,
there has been a movement which caused conside
rable alarm, growing out of a rumor to the effect
that General Guitran, who at the head of a re-ac
tionary party, was about to attack the city. Troops
were at once dispatched from the city of Mexico to
the support of tlie garrison. At latest accounts,
however, public anxiety had been put to sleep, and
Puebla was quiet.
Vidaurri and Garza have settled their differences
and formed an alliunce in support of the present
government. Vidaurri has dispatched 4000 troops
to Sun Luis Potosi for the purpose of restoring tran
quility.
But little information can be obtained from the
papers us to the actual condition of the country,but
everything seems to indicate that anarchy prevails
in all parts. The constituent Congress is to meet
at Dolores de liidalgo, on the 17th of February, to
adopt a new constitution, having the Plan of Ayutla
for its basis. This may have the effect to restore
order.
A number of State prisoners had arrived in Vera
Cruz on their way out of the country—having been
sentenced to exile for conspiracy against the powers
that be. Among them are Generals Don Francisco
Pacheco and Don Augustine Trires. The celebra
ted leader of the San Luis Potosi Plan, Haro v Tn
mariz, had also been sentenced to exile, but ‘while
being conducted to Vera Cruz, eluded the vigi
lance ot his escort and cse.-qaed. WdlCeslou Jillli
nez, had also arrived at Vera Cruz, to go into
exile.
Don Jose Lopez tic Santa Anna, (nephew of old
Santa) Don Ivan Baptiste Lagarde, and Col. Do
minguez were prisoners in Vera Cruz—under sen
tence of exile—on their way out the country.
General Alvarez is in Cuernavaca, where lie iu
tends to remain and watch the course of events.—
The General wifi have to take the field again if
things continue in their present condition much
longer.
About China .anil the Chinese.
Sir John Bowring has recently addressed a long
and interesting letter to the Royal Asiatic Soviet v of
London on the subject of China. Ilis oilicinl ‘po
sition as ambassador has given him a good oppor
tunity to obtain authentic information, and the 'fol
lowing facts collected from his communication can
not but bo read with interest.
Forty-three years ago the last official census of
tho Empire was taken, at which time the population
was reported at 3(52,000,000, and the present esti
mate is 400,000,000. According to ancient usage
the population is grouped under the following heads:
L scholars; 2. husbandmen; 3. mechanics; 1. mer
chants. A numerous additional classes is that- of
social outcasts—such as gamblers, stage plovers
beggars, convicts, and robbers. Human life is
divided by the Chinese into ten periods as follows:
The age of 10 is (‘ailed the “opening deggee;” 20,
“youth expired3o, “strengh and'marriage;” io’
“officially apt;” 50, “error knowing;” 00, “ciele
closing;*’ 70, “rare bird of age;” 80, “rusty visage;”
90, “delayed;” JOO, “age’s extremity.”
On the subject of food the Chinese have but one
prejudice, and that is against milk, which they nev
er touch, while little puppies, kittens, young rats,
monkeys, and snakes are considered ‘ delicacies.
They preler.thesc even in a case of decomposition.
Chickens in the shell command high prices. Milk
is, however, used by very aged people. Both iu
eating and drinking they are remarkably temper
ate ; but opium is the cause of much wretchedness
throughout the Empire. The number of people
who annually die in China is said to be truly fright
ful. Multitudes perish from starvation, from in
nundations, and from suicide: and the late civil
war have exterminated, by famine, disease, and the
sword, millions of men, wonu-.n, and children. Sir
John Bowring asserts that, at. one period of his resi
dence in Chinn, five hundred victims fell daily by
the hand of the headsman.
Reverence lbr life there is none; and the dead
are treated with the most perfect indifference—a
corps being often seen under the table of gamblers,
and a putrid body at the threshold of a door. In
many parts of China, strange to say, there are tow
el's of brick or stone where female infants are thrown
by their parents into a hole made in the inside of
the wall; and it is asserted that, while a desire for
offspring seems to be universal, infanticide prevails
to an extent unequalled in any other country; and,
most astonishing, the childless wife of a Chinese
willingly coincides with the husband in introducing
into the household any number of concubines whom
he is able to maintain, and she exercises over them
an undisputed authority, and the child of a concu
bine is bound to pay higher respect to the lawful wife
than to its own mother. To promote marriages
seems to be every body’s affair, and matches and
betrothings accordingly occupy the chief attention
of ail—the young, the middle-aged, and the old.
The London Daily Pest says:
“A good editor, u competent newspaper conduc
tor, is like a general or a poet, born—not made.
Exercise ana experience give facility, but the quali
fication is innate, or it is never manifested. On the
London daily papers, all the greut historians novel
ists, poets, essayists, and writers of travels, have
been tried, and nearly all have failed. \Yo might
say all; for after a display of brilliancy, brief, but
grand, they di. . '
exhausted. T can,’ said the late editor of the Times
to Moore, ‘find any number of men of genius to write
for me, but very seldom one man of common sense.’
The ‘Thunderers,’ in the Times, therefore, have so
far as we know, been men of common sense. Nearlv
all successful editors have be :i men of this descrip
tion. Campbell, Carlyle, Bulwer, aud DTsraeli,
failed; Barnes, Sterling,and Phillips,succeeded. and
DcLane and Lowe succeeded/ A good editor
seldom writes for his paper—he reads,judges, selects,
dictates, directs, alters and combines; and to do ali
tics well, he Ims buc little time for composition. To
write for a paper is one thing, to edit a paper anoth
er.”
Emigrants going During the year 1855,
says the Philadelphia Ledger, 20,217 ( migrants were
sent over the Pennsylvania Kai: oa 1. Orthe entire
number. 10,772 were tick* »«• i to poi.ms w«-*t «,f
Pittsburg, four-fifths of which went to Chicago, St.
Paul’s and other points in the interior; 11,1103 were
deposited at Pittsburg, or at points this side of that
place. During 1854, there were but 8,357 emigrants
sent west of Pittsburg, out of 23,948 passing over the
road, while in 1855, 10,772 out of 20,2 1?. sought
homes beyond this point; thus showing that the class
emigrating in 1850, were possessed ot more means
than those of previous years. This is also exhibited
in the fact, that the extra baggage paid for during
1855. amounted to 824,570 pounds, while in 1854
there were but 799.774 j. ui:ds registered, notwith
•
passed over the road in i -J than in 1855.
First Developin' nt* of the hap Year. —The
Springfield, (Mass.) Republican of the sth inrt.. says :
A party of two ladiey and gentlemen from Rockville,
Conn., vFit*. d this city on Friday, in the capacity of
a sleighing party, dining and taking supper at the
Mass&aoit House, and visiting ike Armory and other
prominent features of Springfield. The Jadier -.ett-i
as escorts for the gentlemen, ordering the meals,
paying the bills, anti furnishing the comforts of the
. - • ' fruits
•>: the leap-year gallautry among our matrimonial
announcements lie fore the year is over.
- ‘
Alabama, has recently obtained a verdict ol $1,200
against Miss Lucinda Meiggs, for breach of promise
of marriage.
A table in the report of the Secretary ofth* Trea
siiry, exhibiting the amount of goH, flifver and bauk
notes in cinruiatioi! at different jionoda. give* ti,.-
amount of gold and silver in circulation fortlie fiscal
fear. 1855, at over $^50,000,000. and the bank notes
in circulation at $lB, : making a total cir
culation 0f5437,0»*)000, and showing that the bank
note circulation was reducer! from that of the prece
ding year about sL7i**o,ooo. The table of coinage
for the same year exhibits gold and silver buffi. ,n re
ceived at the mint aud brunches, to the amount of
$70,017,007.82, and the table export* exhibits rhe ex
ports of gold and bullion to the amount of $56,247,-
313 : showing an excess of receipts over the exn rt a
of $13,769,664.%. The table of exports for thcoaiuc
fiscal year, in addition to the export dig >id, exhibits
$30,427,187 of mai.uiaciurCs exported, exclusive of
specie, and $16*2,323,893 of all other articles, making
the whole exports $275,156,864, against S26I A 68,520
imported, showing the excess of exports $13,688,326
over the imports. There in no return or Cellmate of
the gold imported by emigrants, and no return or es
timate for the freights of our vessel# that hare con
tributed to our imports.
Wealth of Atlantic Citit.*.-J The wealth concen
trated at the great commercial points of the United
States is truly astonishing. For instance, «>ne
eighth part of the entire property of this country is
owned by the citizen* of New York and Bouton.
Boston alone in its corporate limits owi one
tweniieth the property on this entire Union, being
ac amount equal to the wealth ofany fftree of ti«
New England States, except Massachusetts. In
this city is found. the richest community j>«: capita,
ot any in the United States. Th* l next city in point
of wealth, according to its populat ion, is BxmdMW,
R. L. which city is one ot the richest in the Union,
having a valuation of fifty-six millions with a }w*pu
lation of fifty thousand. The bare increase per an
num of the wealth of Boston is equal to the- entire
valuation of many of the minor emeu, such as Fort
laad. Salem. New Bedford. Chicago, Louiaviil. . See.
—boston Traveller.
Five Ftllbii*ten» Arrwtetl.
In the Star of the West, which was announce*! to
leave her pier yesterday at 3 o’clock P. M., for Nica
ragua, it was currently reported a number of men
were to leave to join the Walker Government. The
!*umor further prevailed that the parties arrested on
uie Northern Light,leaving their bail of $5,000 each,
were to embark with them. The party leaving in
the Star of the West were said to have been en
prior to tho departure of tho Northern Light,
and intended as a. detachment to follow the party
prepared to leave in the latter steamer. A repet i-
T °n ,°* scenes attending the departure of the
Northern Light was accordingly looked for. The
sr earner got off fifteen minutes after her designated
ram. Some arrests, however, previously took place
• t parties on board, and there was some consequent
excitement and flutter. Before entering upon a de
'oiptiou of the scenes on tho wharf and on the
steamer, we give our reporter's statement ofprclimi
uarv matters.
Mr. MeKeon had received intimation from several
s<nirces, during the past few days, that a company of
filibusters would go in the Star of the West several
of the leading parties hap been mentioned to him. —
Yesterday, an affidavit was made by a certain party,
alleging the facts of the proposed embarkation of
>iu-h company, upon whom warrants wore made out
and placed in the hands of the United States Marshal
for the arrest of several who were declared to be
among the number of the intended expeditionists.
Meanwhile the following letter was received from
the President of the Accessory Transit Company:
Office of the Accessory Transit Company, )
Now York, Jan. 9,185 b. \
lion. J. MeKeon, U. S. District Attorney:
1 ‘ear Sir—l beg to hand you. enclosed, a copy of
a letter from J. It. Male on the subject of payment
for the passage of some one hundred and twenty
live persons, who propose to go out in our ship to
day. As the letter inclosed contains all the infor
mation we have of the passengers referred to, we
can see no objection to taking them. If, however,
you have any such information as w ould render
their going in our ship a violation of any laws of
the United States, or any treaty obligation, have
the goodness to send it to me by the bearer, and
thereby oblige
Your most obedient servant,
Thomas Lord, President.
The ensuing is the inclosed letter referred to above.
New York , Jan. 8, 1856.
Mr. Morgan—Deur Sir: One hundred and
twenty-live mechanics and lab Orel's, anxious to
proceed to Nicaragua, but being unable to pay their
passage, have called on me to ussist them. They
agree to pay their passage money upon arrival.—
The Government of Nicaragua being heavily in
my debt, lam prepared to offer a bill ou sight,
payable in Granada for the full amount. Please
provide the bearer with the necessary tickets.
Yours, &c„ Joseph R. Male.
Accompanying the above was tho follow ing ap
pended note from Parker 11. French:
Mr. J. R. Male—Sir: You ask me the question
"Will l accept a bill as above alluded to?” 1 an
swer 1 will accept your draft in favor of Charles
Morgan, or order, for four thousand dollars.
Parker H. French.
Hero followsthe reply of Mr. Johnson, which ex
plains itself:
Southern District of New York , }
U. S. District Attorney’s Office, Jan. 9, 1856. ]
*>ir: —Your note ami inclosure was received about
i1 2 o’clock, A. M., when I was about to go to Court.
Mr. MeKeon, 1 regret to say, is detained at home by
indisposition, and it becomes my duty to reply to
you. The letter of Mr. Male, and its endorsement
by Mr. French, indicate that the men proposed to be
Kent out in your ship to-day are connected with the
parties whom the President has declared to be the
invaders of the State of Nicaragua. 1 have other
evidence showing that the intention of the parties is
not t hat of being laborers, but that they are part of
an organized armed expedition. I have also evi
dence that sundry parties belonging to that expedi
tion have already had tickets issued to them vary
ing from the regular course of business. Such ar
rangement, it carried out, I must look upon as in
fractions of the law' of the United States.
Very respectful!v,
I*. J. JOACHIMSSEN,
Acting U. S. District Attorney.
Thomas Lord, Esq., President of the Accessory
Transit Company.
Immediately subsequent to the reception of the
letter of Mr. Lord, mid before waiting to reply to
the same, Mr. Joachiinssen telegraphed to tne At
torney General, at Washington, that from facts in
iiis possession, necessity might arise for the interfe
rence of the President of the United States to detain
the. steamer Star of the West. Simultaneously with
sending this dispatch, he caused instructions to be
imparted to Judge Phillips, counsel for the filibus
ters arrested on the Northern Light, to have the en
tire number then arrested and on bail that after
noon, at three o’clock, at his office. This was to pre
vent the escape of any on board the Star of the
West. At 2 I*. M., Mr. Joactiimssen, accompanied
by the United States Marshal, Mr. Thompson, and
Deputy Marshals De Angclis, Horton, River,
Weeks and Miller, proceeded on board the Star of
the West.
Upon tho arrival of the District Attorney and
Marshals at Pier No. 3, where the Star of the West
lay, the wharf, despite of the intense cold, was
densly crowded with a large number of people,
convened thus early in the unxious expectation of a
rich entertainment. The throng were not slow to
discover the official character of the visitants, and
their appearance was accordingly greeted with
mingled cheers and groans. Passengers were
then coming on with their luggage, and on board the
steamer there was munifesten the tumult and ex
citement that usually precede the departure. The
1 bstrict Attorney was received very courteously by
(-apt. Miner ana Mr. Cowles, the agent of the transit
enmpuny. His business being made known, he
was told he could make such examination of the
passengers us lie chose. Mr. Ogden, one of the Di
rectors of the Transit Campany, stated that since
the receipt of Joachimssen’s letter, as given above,
the Company had declined to accept the arrange
ments proposed by Mr. Male. The Marshals then
arrested the following persons: Captain Mace,
Lieut. Kneuss, Charles Smith, Joseph Price, ami
Win. Bell. Wm. Littleford, Thomas Craig, and
Robert Love, whose names were embraced in
tho warrant of arrest, could not be found. All
the parties arrested had tickets, as also was found
lo be the case with all on board. The arrested
parties strongly protested against removal from the
steamer. C’nptam Mace it will be remembered,
was among the passengers on the Northern Light.
A warrant, was then issued lor his arrest, but up to
yesterday he was not to be found.
Councilman Kerrigan was on board in full feather,
bul was allowed to remain unmolested, lie assured
our reporter that he was going to Nicaragua, and
under him and accompanying him were fifty as
rough vagabonds as the immortal Thirteenth Coun
cil District could possibly produce. He refrained
from pointing them out, but quietly added that their
external appearance had been wisely cared for by
proper and interested parties.
At a lew minutes before 3 o’clock was handed
Mr. Joachiinssen the following telegraphic despatch:
Attorney General' 1 * Office , }
Washington, Jan. 9. 5
Joseph MeKeon, Esq., United Stab s District At
torney, N. Y.: Yours by telegraph of this date is re
ceived. The President has ordered Captain Bige
low to arrest and detain the Star of the West on your
advice, and desires you to act on proper proof.
C. Cushing.
Mr. Joachiinssen announced that the steamer
might depart, there being no ground, he stated, for
her detention since the arrests above had been effec
ted. At 3* o’clock her plank was drawn in, and,
amid deafening cheers and hearty reponses by the
passengers, the Star of the West left her pier and
gallantly proceeded out of the lmrbor.
The parties placed under arrest were taken to the
District Attorney’s office. Captain Mace and Lieut.
KiK ass were ordered to give bail in the sum of
$5,000 each, and Smith, Pnce and Wells, they be
ing only privates, in the sum of SSOO each.
All the previously arrested parties were at the
District Attorney’s office at 3 o’clock ns directed.
We were informed at a late hour last night that
Parker 11. French will be a nested to-day, on a
charge of violating the neu trait ly laws. A bench-war
rant has been issued for him. Mr. French was well
aware of this intention, and held himself in readiness.
From the New York Express of Saturday afternoon.
Irish Filibusters In Council.
On Friday night the Emmet Monument Associa
tion held a large and uproarious meeting at the Tab
ernacle, for the purpose of defining the position of
the Society on the Filibustering Expedition to the
“ould country.” The Emmett Guard, in full uni
form, having arrived, the meeting was organized by
Capt. Butler, who introduced Col. Doheny.
Col. Doheny came forward and read an address,
abounding in quotations from the Constitution, De
claration of Independence, and extracts from various
newspapers. He declared the objects and purposes
of the Society to be to procure the liberation of Ire
land from JJrili.sk rule, by force oj arms. lie as
serted that there were branch negotiations of armed
men all over the country, who co-operated with the
h ;td society in this city—that offices had been open
»< (I hi every State, men enlisted, and money raised,
and that the future would show a result for ail these
preparations.
Col. Doheny was followed by Capt. Byrne, who
was highly incensed against the editors, and classed
them uil with Satan.
Upon this Col. Ifusted took up the cudgels for
th< press, and belabored Capt. Byrne in no mea
sured terms. He impugned the gentleman's veraci
ty in very hard words, so much so that he created
quite an excitement among the audience, which up
to that period had remained remarkably impas
sive. The President, Capt. Butler, came to the Col. s
aid, and declared that what Capt. Byrne had said
u. >as false us h—ll. Col. Jlusted was of the opin
ion that editors were generally as honest and
n Hpectuble as the majority of men of other call
ings. His remarks, however, created great sensa
tion, as editors did not seem to be the favorites of the
audience.
The great feature of the evening was Mr. Ma
honey's speech, exposing the doings of the Astor
House Convention, and all the complicated quarrels
between himself. Col. Doheny, Air. or Dr. Smith
and the editor of the Citizen. He repudiated Smith
and the Citizen editor, branding them with the
severest names in the dictionary, calling them every
thing that was mean, false and treacherous. He
even hinted that they were bribed by England to
bet ray the cause of Ireland, or at least, that they only
wished to use the Irishmen in the United States as
a hobby-horse, upon which to ride into wealth and
power.
A? to himself and his friends, he claimed that they
v/« rc the great original Irish filibusters, and that
t.. y were going to invade Ireland on a grand scale.
He gave the soldiers advice, that they should have
• lon, with all publicity, public meetings, newspaper
c itlY ring, &c., and must slip off quietly, without
consulting the District Attorney first of all, or telling
Smith anything about it. At this stage of the pro
ceedings somebody cried oat that Smith should
know all, whereupon an enthusiastic filibuster nu
-1 'h to put him out. A grand row and a general
fight ensued, in which the gun was tumi-d off. After
awhile, however, order was restored, and Mr. Ma
li* ;i‘f*y finished hia speech. Other speakers, tryingto
follow him, were hooted down, ana the meeting whs
finally adjourned, in the greatest “noise and con
fusion.”
“Arrest of Filibusters. —A party supposed
to bo filibusters were arrested last night in the hall
at the corner of Eighth and Western Row, over
Gordon’s drng store. Their names are Edmund
Burke, Samuel Lumsden, Bartholomew O'Keefe,
Edward Kenifeck, David Ready, Michael Noonan,
James Murphy, James O’Hailoran, John Hudson,
J ph Burke, AN .G. Halpin, andThomnfc Tiernan.
They were arrested by the United States .Marshal,on
a warrant from .Judge Leavitt, and brought before
the United Staten District Court on Saturday roorn
i ng. In the absence of District Attorney Jewett, the
Hon. Thomas Corwin appeared tor the Government
and Col. J. W. Piatt for the prisoners. The parties
ttnesledarc all Irish, and admit that they designed
to emigrate, but deny any filibustering purpose. —
They will be tried tliis afternoon in the United
State* District Court. In the mean time they were
Indited to bail in the sum of SI,OOO each, except
i*uei Luinsden, whose bail was fixed at the sum
oi $5,000. Mr. Lumsden became surety for the
whole party."— Cincinnati Gazette,?th inst.
A Model Railroad. —The Hartford 'Conn.) Times
says that the Directors of the Hartford and New
Haven Railroad Company have declared an extra
dividend of five per cent., payable on the 15th of
January. The surplus earnings or dvidend fund of
this road on the first of September last, amounted to
$416,326, or rather more than seventeen and a half
per cent, on the capital stock. A large portion of
the ro»ckhoWers were strong!v in favor of an extra
dividend of ten per cent, but the majority decided
that fifteen per cent in cash was enough to divide in
one year.
VOL. LXX.—NEW SERIES VOL. XX. NO. 4.
I From tne Kahorud Intelligencer.
THIRT V-FOURTH CONGRESS—Ist S««»ion.
Wash i noton, Jan 12.
The Senate did not sit to day.
HOUSE.
The Clerk called the House to order at 12 o’clock
and tlie Journal of yesterday was read.
The Clerk stated that he had ascertained, since
the adjournment of yesterday, upon a re examina
tion of tho vote of Wednesday night last on the mo
tion of Mr. Sage to lay upon the table the resolution
of Mr. Sueed requesting Mr. Orr to preside as tem
porary chairman until a Speaker should be elected.
that the amiouncoineut of yeas 100, nays 101, was
erroneous, and should have been yeas 101), nays 98.
The resolution was consequently laid ou the table,
and the subquent action of the House should not
have been taken. With the consent of tlie House
the Journal would be correctedly accordingly.
The suggestion was agreed to.
Mr. Campbell, of Ohio, moved that the resolution
confining debate, to ten minutes be suspended un
til Wednesday, next, unless otherwise ordered bv
tlie House. He submitted this motion to enable
tiie candidates to define their positions, in accor
dance with the resolution adopted yesterday*.
After a brief debate Mr. Campbell withdrew his
motion.
Mr. Bingham, of Ohio, then submitted the follow
ing queries, which ho trusted would be distinctly
and clearly answered by every candidate before the
House.
1. “Do you hold that tho Constitution of the Uni
ted States extends to and is of full force within tiie
several Territories thereof?
2. “Do youholdtlmt the people of any of said Terri
tories have the right to make any law within said
Territories whereby any person therein shall be de
prived of life or liberty, except as punishment for
crime up- on due conviction ?
3. “Do you hold that the people of the Territory
of Kansas have the right under the Constitution to
prohibit slavery within said Territory at all times,
both before and after their organization into a
Stute ?
4. “Do you hold that tiie people of said 'JYra
ritory, under the Constitution, have the power and
the right to legalize slavery w ith said Territory by
legislative enactment, and the further power and
light thereby to protect and maintain slavery there
in, by making it a penal offence for any person within
said ’Territory to speak or write against such system,
or to aid or assist any man held as u slave within
said Territory to escape therefrom, with intent to
secure the personal liberty of such slave ?
5. “ Do you hold that, under the Constitution, a
person held to service or labor w ithin said Territory,
escaping there from into any State of this Union, can
be reclaimed under the fugitive slave law ; or is such
person within the extradition clause of tlie second
section of the fourth article of the Constitution ?
6. “Under the Constitution of the United States,
can the people of any of its Teritories rightfully or
legally establish any but a republican form of
government therein; and do you hold that to be a
republican Government which converts the majority
of its subject into chattels and subjects them to the
absolute despotism of the minority 1”
Mr. Boyce, of South Carolina, also presented, for
the consideration of tlie candidates, the follow ing in
terrogatories :
1. “ Ale you in favor of restoring the Missouri re
striction, or do you go for the entire prohibition of
slavery in all the Territories in the Unit i d Ttates ?
2. “ Are you in favor of abolishing slavery in the
District of Columbia, and in the United Statesforts,
dock yards, &<*. ?
3. “Do you believe in the equality of the white and
black races of the United States, and do you wish to
promote that equality by legislation ?
4. “Are you in favor of the entire exclusion of
adopted citizens and of Roman Catholics from office?
5. “Do you favor the same modification of the ta
riff now that you did at the last session of Congress?”
Mr. 11. Marshal, of Kentucky, thought it would
be better to file all these interrogatories with the
Clerk, as he supposed there would be several
batches of them, and then allow tlie candidates to
reply by publications at Ihoir own convenience, or
upon any day that the House might make the rale
ret tunable. [Laughter.]
Mr. Richardson, of Illinois, then sent to tho
Clerk’s desk the questions tlmt had been propoun
ded to him by Mr. Zollicoffer, and requested that
the first interrogatory be read; and it was according
ly rend, ns follows:
“Am 1 right in supposing that the gentleman
from Illinois (Mr. Richardson)i regards the Kansas,
Nebraska bill 11s promotive of the formation of free
States in the Tetntories of Kansas ami Neraska?”
Mr. Richardson. In reply to the first question of
the gentleman from Tennessee, [Mr. ZoHieqftcr,[ 1
have to say I voted for the bills organizing the
Territories of Nebraska ami Kansas because I
thought them just to all, and I defended that vote be
fore my constituents upon that ground. I intended
then, and I intend now, that the people who go there
or who have gone there, shall decide the question of
slavery for themselves, and, so far as l could, to ad
mit them as States, with or without slavery, as tin*
people should decide. In common with Northern
and Southern gentlemen, 1 have said that, in my
opinion, slavery would never go there ; but I have
never, here or elsewhere urged that as a reason why
I voted for that bill. I voted for the bill because*
it was just, right, and proper, and wanted nothing
more to defend myself. I repeat here an argument
I have made over and over again before my con
stitucuts, and it is this: if a majority of the people of
Kansas or Nebraska are in favor of slavery they
will have it; if u majority are opposed to it, then
they will not have it. This is the practical result of
every theory advocated by the friends of the Ne
braska and Kansas bill. I gave my sanction to this
principle in supporting the|Torritovial bills of 1850,
and have uniformly supported the same principles
since, whenever presented for my action, and shall
continue to do so in all future eases that, may arise.
It is a principle lying at the foundation of all popu
lar Governments Mint tin* people of each separate or
distinct community shall decide for tliemsslves tho
nature and character of the institutions under which
they shall live ; and by this principle 1 am prepared
to live and die. I therefore voted for the Nebraska
and Kansas bill neither us a pro-slavery nor anti
slavery measure, but as a measure of equal right and
justice to the people of all sections of our common
country. Will the Clerk now read the next ques
tion 1
“Am I right in supposing that he advocates the
constitutionality of the Wilmot proviso ? that in 1850
he opposed its application to the territory acquired
from Mexico only upon the ground that it was unne
cessary, inasmuch as tin; Mexican local laws in those
Territories already abolished, slavery, which ought
to be sufficient for all Freesoil men ? and that lie
committed himself to the position that if Territorial
bills silent upon the subject of slavery, (and leaving
the Mexican laws to operate) were defeated, he
would vote for bills with the Wilmot proviso in
them ?”
Mr. Richardson. This question requres n more ex
tended reply. In 1803 we acquired Lnusinna; it was a
slave territory. In 1820, w« divided, by line of 36deg.
30 min., that territory ; north of the line it was to be
free. In 1845 we annexed Texas; that was slave
territory, we divided that by extending the line of
36 deg. 30 min., through that; north to be free. In
1848 we acquired territory from Mexico; that was
free. I voted repeatedly to extend tho same line
west to the Pacific ocean. I voted for that line with
a few representatives from the north, and the whole
body of Southern Representatives. When 1 gave
those votes, I did not not believe then, nor do I be
lieve now, that 1 violated the constitution of the
United States. If you have power under the Con
stitution to exclude slavery from half of a Territory,
I think you have power to exclude from all, though
such an exercise would be unjust and wrong. 1
have never, therefore, voted to exercise that power,
except upon the principle of compromise. In this
connexion I desire to rend from a speech of mine de
livered in this hall April 3,1850, and make a word or
two of comment upon it:
“There is, I regret to say, a willingness upon the
part of the Democrats of the North to see this provi
so passed, that Gen. Taylor may be compelled to
show to the world and ‘the rest of mankind,' who
was cheated in the last Presidential election—wheth
er it was his friends North or South. They know
that a fraud was practised upon one or the other.—
They know that in the South Gen. Taylor was repre
sented /is all that any one in favor of slavery exten
sion could desire ; that he was bound to Southern
institutions by two hundred bonds. At the North
it was said that he was for confining slavery to its
iiresent limits. One or the other was cheated. Hut
submit to my Northern friends if the peace and
harmony of twenty millions of people, and the per
petuity of our free institutions, are not of more im
portance than the exposure of tliis bad faith upon
the part of an Administration that, if let alone, will
fall by its own weight ? The public voice every
where indicates its certain and inevitable over
throw.
“In times past our policy sooner or later has pre
vailed, and we should stand firm, however dark the
hour, encouraged by former success. We should
not be driven from our positions because our oppo
nents have to come to them for safety. 1 might n*k
them if they are to be driven from their firm and
stern opposition to a United States Bank because
those who once thought that certain ruin would lay
waste the land unless such an institution was incor
porated have changed their opinions and stand with
us in opposition ? Arc they willing to be driven in
opposition to the independent treasury because those
who once opposed now support it '! Are. you to bo
driven from all the past, now triumphantly’ vindica
ted, because opposition has ceased? We should
stand firm in the support of right, truth, the consti
tution of our country, no matter who shall come to
their support or desert; stand by them to the last,
and if they fall, let us perish with them. We should
never survive the existence of this Government.
“There is one thing that I wish, in this connexion,
Mr. Chairman, to say to the gentlemen from
the South and the Northern Whigs : If the bill for
Territorial Governments, silent upon the subject of
slavery, shalt be defeated, then 1 am for bills with
the Wilmot proviso, in order to give Governments
to the people in the Territories ; and I speak for lour
of my colleagues, assured that they will feel con
strained to pursue a like course. And if General
Taylor shall approve the proviso, then it will have
passed ; and it is for them to determine what shall or
shall not he done, and let the re#j»oneibility rest with
them.”
I take tliis occasion to say, that the sentiment lust
quoted, uttered in a moment of excitement, I, upon
reflection, repudiate as unjust and improper. I
thank the gentleman that he has afforded me the op
portunity to give this public expression of my disap
proval oi that statement. I uniformly voteangainst
idacing the Wilmot proviso in any Territorial bill.—
voted against it liecanse I believed it to be unjust
to the people of a portion of this Union.
The Clerk then read the second and third inter
rogatories, as follows :
“Am I right in supposing that Ins theory is thut
the Constitution of the United States does not cany
slavery to and protect it in the Territories of the
United States ? that in the territory acquired from
Mexico and France (including Kansas and Nebraska)
the Missouri restriction was necessary to make the
territory fiee, because slavery existed there under
France at the time of the acquisition, but that the
Kansas and Nebraska lull, which repeals that re
striction, but neither legislates slavery into those
Territories nor excludes it therefrom, in his opinion,
leaves those Territories without either local or con
stitutional law protecting slavery; and that, there
fore, the Kansas-Ncbraska bill promotes the forma
tion of free States in Kansas and Nebraska V 9
Mr. Richardson. The Constitution does not, in
inv opinion, carry the institutions of any of the
State# into the Territories , but it affords the same
protection there to the institutions of one Stab- as of
another. The citizen of Virginia is a# much enti
tled in the common territory to the protection of his
Jiroperty under the Constitution as tiie citizen of ll
inois : but both are dependent upon the legislation
of the Territorial Government for laws to protect
their property, of whatever kind it may be. Thus
it will be seen that, though there may be upon this
point a difference theoretically, involving questions
for judicial decision, yet there is none practically
among the triends of non intervention by Congress,
as the practical result is to place the decision of the
questions in the hands of those who are most deep
ly interested in its solution, namely, the people of
the Territory who have made it their home, and
whose interests are the most deeply involved in the
character of the institutious under which they are to
live. If this great principle of non-intervention and
self-government, is wrong, then indeed the Ameri
can revolution was fought in vain, and it is time we
cease to venerate the memory of the patriotic dead,
who purchased with their fortunes and blood the
free institutions of jthc* «cpurate, independent, and
coequal States forming the Union uuaer which we
have so prosperously and happily grown to be so
great,
Mr. Zollicoffer, of Tennessee, byway of showing
that lie hod made no idle interrogator!os, but that
they were based upon the record, referred to page
4*24 of the Appendix to the Congressional Globe lor
1850, from which Mr. Richardson had read, and de
sired to read other portions of the speech of Mr.
K 'L-imiilsm, lM uion-ui roourdr.l
interrupted by ' “ ' l ‘°' ve ' tl .
tlafSf n H 0f N ° rth Carolin8 > wl "> objected,
stating that the House was acting under a resolution
requiring caiuiidates to uimwer certain interrognto
, 1 bsd beou propounded to and amnjrivj
b\ one oi the candidates, ui„l ho thoucht it whF hut
just “ltd tail' that the others should answer befoio a
general debate should ooinmeuco.
[The following sentiments, expressed by Mr. Rich
ardson ml Sol), m the same speech from which ho
read tho loregoing extracts are to bo found at tho
page at the t ougrossional Globe alluded to, and up
peni' to bo those upon which some portion of tho in
terrogatories of Mr. Zollicoffer wore based :
44 * “ av ® K°ught in vain to hoar some reason for tho
passage oi the Wilmot proviso. There is a necessity
to abolish or prohibit slavery in Territories where it
exists. \\ ith this view tho ordinance of 178? was
passed. It had application to territory where slave-
D dm exist by operation of the laws of Virginia, to
which the Northwestern Territory belonged. The
Missouri ( oimmimise also abolished slavery North
oi 3b 30. That compromise was passed, not to
keep the territory free north of that latitude, but be
cause the laws ot Louisiana, when wo acquired it,
leoognised slavery, and*carried it, consequently, un
less repealed, to all the Territory. But I maintain,
hu, that slavery is the creature of municipal law,
and does not and cannot exist one moment without
it. If territory is free there is no necessity to pass
any law ; it will remain so.
.inou-slaveliolding States believe
that the territory we acquired from Mexico by the
treaty °f peace brought with it lawn not in«nri»teiit
with our Constitution, aud that those laws excluded
shivery. If there is any Representative from the
non slnveholdmg States that denies either of the-*
propositions, I ask him to rise in his ph.ee and say
r rj • . re are none who can or dare deny it.
“I his is a universal sentiment at the North, and I
might reter to all the speeches that have been made
attins session of Congress and the last to show that
every one trom the lion-shiveholding States Freo
soilers and all, hold that the Territories an* now free.
If this is true, what more can you dq? They are
tree now, and will ever remain so ; they are free by
the law of nations, they are free by the laws of na
ture; they will remain free, from causes to which I
have already referred, forever. This should satisfy
ail, m mv judgment, who are opposed to the exten
sion ot slavery. The position is so unanswerable
that the distinguished Senator from Kentucky iMr.
Olay)says it is ‘incontestable truth.’
i' kythen, 1 ask is this proviso urged with so much
zeal and pertinacity l It can do no possible good
and its passage may disturb the harmonious rela
tions of the people of this Confederacy, and over
throw the proudest fabric that God has ever permit
ted man tocreet.
“The Representatives from the slnveholding
States maintain that wherever our flag floats over
territory ot the United States and not within the lim
its of a sovereign State, the Constitution carries and
protects slavery. If this is true, any law passed by
Congress impaling a right thus secured is mill ai d
void, aud the proviso, agitated or passed, is power
less aud harmless. I hear gentlemen, after urging
this constitutional right, with astonishment declare
that they and their constituents are outraged and
wronged by this invasion from the North. If this
right exists by the Constitution, it will be as valid
alter the passage ot she W ilmot Proviso, or any
other proviso, as it is now or ever was. But tiny
say the people of the South will bo deterred from
going with their slaves to the territories by the pa -
sage by Congress of tin* proviso. One of two in
ferences is irresistible: they are satisfied this con
stitutional guarantee does not exist, or the people
are not desirous of going into tin* territories with
their slaves.
“I do not and cannot believe that our Constitu
tion carries and protects slavery, exoeptinStaf s,
nor do I believe that its framers intended that it
should extend this institution. 1 believe it was
formed for far higher and nobler purposes. It was
formed to preserve forever a union ot these States,
and to guard and protect each mid every citizen
whose lot might be cast in it in his person and pro
perty and conscience.”
‘‘l believe Congress Ims full power to pas such
laws as they may think proper for the government
of the territories. There is, consequently, no con
stitutional difficulties in my road.”]
Mr. Banks, of Massachusetts, then rose to ad
dress the House. He yesterday voted with plea
sure for the resolution presented by the honorable
gentleman from Tennessee, (Mr.Zollicoffer.) It em
bodied a principle which he believed to be a sound
one—the right of every gentleman to inquire into
and to understand the principles maintained by the
candidate for whom he chose to give his vote. Ibid
he a candidate for the Speakership, he should, stand
ing upon that principle, claim the right to know his
views upon questions in which he was interested .
but he had no such candidate. Nor was ho himself
a candidate for any office. He had accented no
nomination, and did not understand upon wlmt prin
ciple gentlemen had voted lor him except Hint such
was their choice. He therefore did not feel himself
called upon, us a candidate, to answer any interrog
atories that gentlemen might be pleased to put to
him; but having fixed opinions upon all the great
questions in which the country was interested, ns a
member of the House, representing a district of the
commonwealth of Massachusetts, he was free to
speak, and had no hesitation in responding to the in
terrogatories which had been submitted lo the gen
tleman from Illinois by the gentleman from Tonnes
In reply to the first question propounded by the
gentleman from Tennessee, lie would distinctly say
that he did pot regard tire Kansas uml Nebraska bill
as promotive of the formation of free Stall s, inas
much as it repealed the prohibition of the institution
of slavery over the section of country to which that
measure applied.
In regard to the second question he should give n
general reply in the affirmative, lie belie ved in
the constitutionality of tin* Wilmot pvo\ iso, ai d that
it was within tin* power of Congress t.> prohibit tho
institution of shivery in all the Territories belonging
to the United States. As to whether or not he should
advocate the passage of such an act in regard to ter
ritory where it was clearly unnecesssary in conse
quence of its prohibition by pre existing local laws,
he hud nothing to say. Very likely, if he thought it,
unnecessary, he should be willing to vote for a bill
without that prohibition; but with regard to tho
territory covered by the measures of 1850, lmd he at
that time held a seat here and believed it necessary,
to prohibit slavery therein, that the Wilmot |
should be passed, he wished it distinctly understood
that lie should have voted for it.
As to the third question, he did not believe that
the Constitution carried the institution of slavery
into the Territories of the United States. llis un
derstanding of that question was based upon the de
claration ot Mr. Webster, that even the Constiti
tutionof the United States itself did not go to the
Territories until carried there by act of Congress.—
He (Mr. B.) did not believe that the Constitution
earned to any Territory of the United States tho
right to hold slaves there. Ho recognised the right
to protection of all property, on the part of the South
as well as on the part *»f the North, in the Territory
of the United States; but when he spoke of proper
tv be meant that which was considered as such by
the universal laws of the world. He meant not that,
which was property only while held in particular
States of this country, and which lost its character
as such the moment it went beyond the limits of
those States. Property in man, which the universal
law of tho world condemned, and which was proper
ty only when held under the local laws of certain
sections of the country, where he had no disposition
to disturb it, was not such property as was protec
ted by the Constitution of the United States. Put
lie bad nothing to say upon this very delicate ques
tion in regard to the protection of property. He be
lieved that the Constitution of the United States*
was intended to do justice bet ween different sec
tions of the country, to the South as well as to tho
North. He was for that to-day, and believed that
justice should be done to both North and South,
and in no speech or declaration that had every fallen
from his lips, so far as he could remember, had ho
expressed sentiments different from these. Hut ho
believed that the Constitution was contemplated by
its framers os an instrument of ultimate universal
freedom, and that it was looked to as such by tho
world at large ; and t hat the Hugs which symbolized,
which represented it, and made the territory over
which it waved, in whatever quarter of the globe, so
long as it covered American citizens, American ter
ritory, was the symbol of that ultimate universal
freedom.' 110 trusted that it should ever wave such,
and nothing less.
As to the latter part of the last question, respect
ing the territory acquired from France, it was but a
repetition of the first interrogatory, with the addition
of a statement of fact. In regard to that statement
of fact he had to say that it had been doubted
whether the institution of slavery existed in that
territory at the time of its acquisition, Without
going into the subject of the doubt resting upon
the question whether France by the decree of 171*1,
had abolished the institution of slavery there, he
thought that Congress was right in interdicting tho
institution over that territory if such legislation was
necessary to make it free. If it was necessary, in
order to gain to the South the right to carry the
institution of slavery there, that the interdiction of
1820 should bo repealed, he thought that the Con
gress of 1863 was wrong in enacting that repeal;
and he could but say, with the light that had come to
him on this question, that the interdiction of 1820
having forbidden and abolished the institution of
slavery, if it existed there, its repeal in 1854, inasmuch
as it allowed slavery to go there, unless under im
possible circumstances, was an act not promotive of
the formation of free States.
Mr. Fuller, of Pennsylvania, remarked that he
cordially approved the resolution adopted yesterday
on motion of the gcuth man from Tennessee. Early
in the session he had belt it his duty, injustice to him
self and to those with whom he had been acting, to
declare the opinions he entertained and the course
he should pursue upon certain questions of public
policy. Hut he desired to say now, what he believ
ed was known to a majority, if not all of those who
had honored him with their confidence, that he had
been ready at any and all times to withdraw from
this protracted contest. He had felt unwilling to
stand, or to appear to stand, in the way of any fair
organization of the body.
In answer to the specific interrogatories that had
been presented, he would say, as to the first, that
he did not regard the Kansas Nebraska bill as pro
motive of the formation of free States; and he would
further say that lie did not hGic ve it was promotive
of the formation of slave States.
In reply to the second inquiry he would state that
he had never and did not now advocate the consti
tutionality of the Wilmot proviso. He had never
committed himself to the position “that if territorial
bills silent upon the subject of slavery (and leaving
the Mexican laws to operate) wen* defeated, he
would vote for bills with the Wilmot proviso in
them." This question related to the legisJatation of
the distinguished gentleman from Illinois. W hat h«
(Mr. F.) had to say u|s»n that subject was, that he
was not a member of that Congress, and had never
taken any position upon that subject, heretofore;
but he was willing, in all frankness and candor, to
do so now, and would do so with great deference to the
opinions of wiser and better men. Slavery existed be
fore the Constitution, and in hisjudginent now exis
ted independent of that instrument. ‘When the peo
ple of the confederated States met, by their repre
sentatives, iu Convention to form the Constitution
slavery existed in ull but one of the States. Tho
people having an existing and acknowledged right
to hold slaves, conceded, through their representa
tives, the right to prohibit the importation of them
after tho year 1808. They made no concession so
far as regarded the existence of domestic slavery
They claimed, and it was granted, the right to reclaim
•lavesin cases ofecape ; they claimed, and wasgrant
ed, the right of slave representation as an element of
political power. He held that Congress had no right
to legislate upon the subject of slavery ; that the
Territories, ware the common property of all the
States, and that the people of all the States lmd the
right to enter upon and occupy those Territories, and
were protected by the flag of the country ; that Con
gress had no right to legislate shivery into nor ex
clude it from the Territories. Neither had a Terri
gislate upon thutsubject, except so far as it might bo
torial Legislature, in his judgment, any right to le
come noeessury to protect the citizens of the Terri
tory in the emoyment of their property. He believ
ed that he had answered all the interrogatories
There were loud cries of “call the roll?'
Mr. H. Marshall, of Kentucky, suggested that tho
gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Pennington) hud
been voted for, and that he too should be heard
upon these interrogatories. [Laughter.]
Mr. Pennington had not expected that so obscure
and unpromising a candinate as himself [laughter!
would have been called upon to respond to anv
questions. He wag outside of the triangle, and a
copy of the interrogatories hud not even been
served upon him. [Renewed laughter.]
He would, however, avail himself of the oppor
tunity to defend his own position in this contest
The position which he had been made to occupy in
regard to it had been for some time past extremely
irksome to him, and m some degree uuvoluntarv
Though apparently a candidate, it was well kuown
to Ins more intimate friends, ns it was to many, if
[COtfCU’DED OX 2HD PAGE.]