Newspaper Page Text
BY WX. B. JON KB.
CiIKOMCLi. A ' ‘ f l •
T H I >- *- K L Y
l» l*uhl -hf .l rvery \\ <•< n'-il::y ___ _
AT TWO DOLL/ wi I'i-l ANNUM
in advance.
TO CLUBS INli!’ iid ... - ;
Dullwa, SIX ••• " f ■■ ; " :; r " .
y«ir, t;« ]•»; ■ rat t. •
SIX COPIES FOE TEN DOLLA-M
or a Crve copy to i ■bo *■ l f -
Borib'-nt, ami f<.rwar<i ' "
THfl CHRONIC!. / & •- -NTIITBL
DAILY AND Til I-\VI' I KI.Y,
A*»al»puw:ri...ia»t
DaiLT Pap**, if I" ut by inai!,-..r .' j.» r
Tbi-Wkkki.t J’Ai’t ; ■'
Trrun. of AdrertiMiutf.
The WECKI.T.—K- v. oiy-fiv,- < u ;> r
10 Bata or tea.) for «.« • '•••- rtioti.aiKi fifty < t-ab
1856 !
SOUTHERN Cl LTIVATOK,
A MONTHLY JOl li.\AL*
DEVOTES EXCLUSIVELY To THE 1' -' ’ *'■ l
* PouUrifrßeta,
Illustrated wUh Nu’-^'rocs Elegant Engravings
ONE POLL Alt it IN ADVANCE.
DANIEL LEE, >1 V’ ' ' J> ] i;
The Fourteenth Volume will commence
January, 1856.
TtIKCITLTTVAT"!' - •- I • t :Ur J y*v. - *••? '« •
forming a volume -•-! , •;n : ;■ I: 1
from many <.f t .V, i • •'•• •’ ''
Fanjm.M'l Hortteoltu; l t m every section oi toe ?y>uth
Hi* Copies J * I !<'•' ‘ 1 ” ,
The Cami St /» m v . - ;<iiy ■ -• ’ t •
no Instance; will th< j-'per *t »o! -t:.- i * v • '
Banks rs-c-t iv. rl at ju Ai i. : ; A ,i * : “ l
r ■; AN
\V n. AjiiMA. An«<:
FOR SALE.
~ PINE LAND FOK SALE.
ri'HK - li'.-. ril.. r oIT. r- ;.t j • ’ 1 '' '
I PINK !,AND«'ii Sp rit ( .1 I
fttx.ut 1~ inih-H from 'ijy-'-*a. ■■ ■' v.,!,. : !'■■■> (
nUMuf «»«• «i«or*l» I!-|... • ..T| .-Km •: ■ lIR :
mwnrey—-cont«klnto»r 55<> a* ;-•••<, more or I >■ ■
by land* of Allen Kini?, John drum**, >.;n *n V* : ! i ‘
linn IMlaynir, an.! oth.M-. lluottli . -dos bt
fir»t Tueswlav in X*'V<;snlH rr.! .t, I ii <-il it .
outcry on that dfcy, at tin- Lower Market House in Au- >
gird a. _ ....
Anyonn deulrlngto pun-litix* the trn>-t, wul plc.ve ap- 1
ply to Wm. A. Wait-on, Esq., in Au-u -t
.««l»18-wlf RKBI3 <'A CAMKII il).
FOR SALE.
r' NOW offiT for 1. l-i .- NT AiiOX. ,
ZH or 30 mHcw -.utii •t’ CdhiuiUi' ‘-a. < I’-M - .r
county, Ala., lying on tlu* Clißtt.il: ■<< u* > ri\* i.
!ng2400 acre*; uDO in n ftp.* d « i.ti\ ati a t '
good repair. A k<hml Wat or 4; *u and l'< • • :«• *■
Cliatialjoocb' i- riv< r. Tin- twu. •• > ;
time until m l«i an«l j- • j--. • I
dinner*. { j.mJl if j MA Ti li: W A\ : . ;-i !• .
PLEASE READ THIS,
rplll. .iiWrilmr «■ . ibr -ale l, 11. A .TATI'
I 4 mile-* N U l.ays\ ills. in « ’.m
containing£•*» a*-iTin* g-nwiag • ,• v :’l - 1 - : i
tlie fertility of the Land Out! ju> i. i-. . ».<
bio Dwelling li . , w .*» \ I ■>
€iin H*>»l-e and Sere* .' two \ !•• <■ li. 1
for eh anlnggrain, mid a Ronutth St..: * « ■ , ..
and xpaeloii* Nhi-<l- and Stalls, N . 11. n
framed, with i»ton« and !.rk-k . lihnmy* A110t..: •i, a
iu good condition.
Com, F«»ilder, Mule*, Wii .mi , Fannin-: luiplenu a .
Cattle, Sheep, J|og. . &«*., can l»e villi
*on. For further information nj'plv f<> tin* uWriln i at
JiL r. -aleu.-e, near Tim, ui. G R. I*
tolook at the premia will li.nl M A. I’ul a there,
who will take pit 'Win in showing them.
Alan, a LOT with a t *. o lory Dwelling HOF: E upon
It In the village of Thom-on, occupied at prex-at l»y Mix
B. It. Harnett.
Pernou* wishing to avail tin mselves of the advanta .•
ofMr.C. Rich arcin’ i;>v.h h and ('! <-; ieul School, will
do well, perhaps, to apply early for this property.
ault.' wtf L. C. STEED.
FOR SALE.
fr HE still- filter olV«>«. for .leilw -«■ i'LWTA’I l<> -
I In th<
lug i»SOU acres—looo a n-s open Land, with d Jtv. i
ling and all neees*ary tmiidinj'-s t'<n Pinutation^ ,»urpo><
The other oo«t i n
with a good Dwelling and all n<-< . • -.i-y- cirj.aildi..
The last containing 000 acres uniinprox ed, 'l'he ai».\r
lands are among the choic. st f.dt< -i Ends in it. u dir
ty county, and within : n- i.■ !• - -of th • <-o:u mplafed
Sontliwestern Railroad The llrst tw* riae .die.;- join,
and will he. sold separately or together, a mat > d ‘d.
Terms liberal. ' •• \MEs JiUM>.
Refers to W. W. Clicivcr, Albany, Jo eph I’m ml,
Macon, (la. -1-ton
PLANTATION FOR SALE.
riRIM Mubscriher, l..*ingdesi.-oie- ..f e!,.« dug hi lee
J uoks*, oilern for sale one of the tiot -places in SOJiiie
western Georgia. The tract contains !000 me e>, v, itL
ahont 2.V1 acres in cultivation About i.di io n s () f the
tract i*the very best hammock land; the balance g >,..l
upland. It lies in Calhoun comity, upon tin* waters of
Chh'kiCsawliatcliu! and Spring ci■ within -1 tody- «-t
GUlionvillc It wotild 1 *
Any otto wUliing to jutreha.-r. wdi liu-l me up-ja :lie
place, or can hoar from me by mi.in .;„ me at Morgan,
Calhoun county. I w ill give ample time.
ocfJtj-wtf WM. I. I.AMI’KIN.
VALUABLE LANDS rOR SALE.
fpilE subscriber .dl’ers for-au-bn.tMMl acres of 1. AN D
1 situated in I . I taker and Dou.lierty count; •'»
bodies of 250 to “.‘O'"Jaci ca each, a part of which arc im
proved and in cultivation.
Tbo Lands have been sclented with great care, and
comprise some of the very chflh t (»:ik and Hickory, and
Pine Lands, in the Southern . ..nutvy.
Persons In other parts of th ; * and the adjoining stai- .
wishing iafonnation in regard to the I. m-K or t! ■ eottn
trv, can obtain it bv addressing
W W. OHEEVER.
I'tf -Wh.'ii ab-ent. Mr. V. i h 11 m S «g nl
win* can at all times be found at tho otii.-o ol s-m A
Ch cover
Albany, April 22. 15."»4. auJi-rwA u if
TO MANUFACTURERS AND CAPITALISTS.
■\iriLl4 be sold on the lir-t l ie dw in APRIL u. -!.
yy inth< •
Unless previously «li o*,. d >*f n; g Rt* • ■ale. tile
GREENS lb tltU’ t 0 I ION FACTORY. T-i. bud-bug
Is large, and well suited to the purpose 1 .r which H v as
«*r«»ctiHl, and is located within one hundred yards or the
Georgia Railroad, with wbi- li it i • count > • <i by a “turn
out.” -The machinery i* all w tiue order, ami ■ ipal.’eof
turning e>ut 2500 lbs. of yarns per day. GreenslMm- .s a
VCi ' i. .
cssaries of life aio.eneaji, and ti n tii.n-wa -m ii - lis
raised by th • plant, r- a- te.e i a i ,;n 'urn
Into yarn, jvnd it enn be bom.ht at i’" 1
than tho ctinvut price in Augusta Anc <*m-wishing to
make a profitable investment, wUI do w ell t<> ex.-umno
the property, as it can be bought privnr -!y at a !<.»’ - a*ll.
For particiAtira, apply to JOHN 11 NNI XGIIA M,
deds-wtd G reenahoro*, Ga,
TO MpN OF TASTE AND CAPITAL.
mas
I Ge«»rgia. pr--pos< -toxii ho pi; • m t* ta* *' S l‘ • •
u Vann’s \ aUev, H-yl 1 «ia. - nt.iin-0?
acres, more or less, returned l>t ipiality o.tk au.l hicKory
—mostly of soil and Mm uatiot tu wadi; »*iue !»**> a <-
clean'd amt under-g It.ila . . t'- r.-m . 1 ’*y
wyii limbered i> he .. : ■ ■. • 1
Btouewater, two constant streams, au etlVcri\e water
power without darning, nrchard •fmmy w« il s» ted
var.cti*- c -pe. iall> - t ap] h .
ous Brick Dwelling. s»un*oiuided.b\ ti.n scenery, and
within a mile ..f the x illace. l«mg not.- I for its , ,bi. -1 d
advautages. Allwho ha\e c\aininc»l tin- on
cur iu the opinion that this phi.-. fit. the com,.its
ofbeautv, fertility, eon\«*uicn,-e andheuiihfulne » to an
extent seldom, if ever, c.pinli.d ii th-s onui’cy. Ib.t
come and see f**r > .-amelvcs, and the . haraeter. 1 -ea: .on
and rtvsottrces of the place can hardlv fail to satisfy you
that it is a No. I article, not xd v • tto the ftnetu itkms
wf the market. For terms, apple on p. , uii>. '.
\Y. IV LOW DREY.
Pave Spring. July Id. 1- v jy» :< * %t!
LAND FOR SALE.
Ol"" A('Kl>, m f 0 r in the w ’
about tin ee mile v • ei*v. n-b . i N
of a II Warren. H 11. Oitum ... As„ wait and .• m-i-.
There an excellent I>* - .. and all tu • iry ont
buildinpumi the piacl*. \K-. ' ‘ 1 ' *’*
lent water; and for health, the Miuate .antu-t l»e sor
nassed. The place wil! bo sold low if a;-i-'.icd f. r soon.
For term*. »x« applv to A. J ’MI 1.1 FR «
FORMAN S IRON PLOW-STOCS.
rru
1 to tbo above valu
IL. ■ 1 ■ . I. 1 X .1 v
mb, Wa&hiugt u s
furnish tt u> planters at the manuf:- : i:< price. '1 -
•tock. which is mad* cntir»*lv . f wr» . .. . .1. •- a S .. i
em invent inn aid has b,an-*tUr: :itl» - u t-* ; -• i
that Uruoa |u<>re »w-adil\. hr ’k- >., . i• • !
more thoroughly, clog* in n*ugH laud ; re « a y j
for deep or .-b.uieo j : .. .. t o |
more firmly, las;s incor.o ar ■ >dy !,■; of. .« .x : <' •
and. far choajM*r than any o?. - . stock now in me .... J
Malwneut is fully sustm: <1 hynm.ic- e J
oar jwsocs'km from the most t:> al nv . * ‘ I
planters in the country We will .aw t - -nn*
iu seudutg a ciivtilar containingm’tue*>f ths>ecerlih ’tes
and a lu.-ra partvuiar «U 'U of tin p-• 'av>
person who would like to see the.n W«* aix to
refer to anv one w ho has gi\e*.i thi' IMow a t » r t: la
' \ N
torofthat work s.iyx ‘’After ■:»' >v | ' 1 • y[‘
•ad Impartial trial we can tr»tl.* '-»> \ !
a most valuable improvement on a»» ‘ y*;" |
impleuieuts of the kind uow a» n- * * • •' ’ * '
cv and cou\ • n -
tillage or suU<»niuig. we Kin ' u ... - •a- • >
It ; while on the sc«vre of e. a «my * .: r i .1. >
altogether unrivaled. N• p ww. ": •'• •• ; at
liar, isao wrfl calculAtixl to • - t t!.-. vat* » . idv -
tracthre usage ,'f V. m. * . .U-IW. ! . *a‘ • r. t
that *dfM»n»l lamni • 1 w r . t'v y .
miarv benefit to the plain „ mt.-ix'st oft.. > t: t V
from the becoming •' • ! * " Ih, « j
will beMmlstied with !*•** > '
anv planLUam sm;Ui can :u.;ai tueui mu.
them. , f N
Right* for comities. : v
«>ld on reenable tc •s. Appjvrit .» |
Store' u Augusta, oraadres* LC.Hlli \ a
dvelt* w ts -* *
BESSMAN’S CARDEN !
Al ' FSTA, GA.
T IIF. st»l" r '-er • ’' v '
i collect Km es hardy ORN' VM* N 1 Al. i’L Ah.
braciigr all the fine old and b« new . r.ver
bkvointmrKDSLS : als an v.tir.vai el c. •• • : ■
BROREEXS • •*
TREES nudW.AXTN a
JJOI !>E I*L vN i > • - •
AU oiaiurs prvuuptly afteitd-M to^aa- \ .a:-b P^'^dto
chierfully given. Address J
oufJS'dui - A ~ - • - ~
TOBIN S GARDEN
rs NOW Wl'.U- “Tm hi i)
STIRFB Tdirr.s urn \ »h:n r.\i r.v a-. .
PLANTS EAKK-»*Ri FN> " 4
CLIMBKKs.i>DI BLEDAHLLYS I!A U’IN ii:> ■
TI LIPS, fr.>u» Uxbaad A;
SE'.PI. fS. d« a. i-M.
DbRPL ANTS, kept in !‘e;
J AXE TURIN w Ud Lifona t e i ..x u.m :.«-r
Garden U sUT, kept up. aud that i;o pain- >-r «• v*«s , w ;
be spared to keep the beet s: -rkofPLAN ESandBELBS
la the gouth.
Having procured the MTvicos of Mr. SANDERS. 1
expv n. -.wed E m ,1. . <
crate prftv# aud strict attcutk a to obix : n a tharvr of nab !
liapiroßic*
F. B.—BOEQTTS w’di be ma le »attl • •
* dc, ’ .1\ o A j
STOLEN.
ON tbe aflenttoon of Ttu- v
perww vko caterc*’.
ahifiraieUtti froiu lh« itdt drawer tie u,i u ;v t
of the toivowu.g deaf—lnauoiift J* 1 - ,-t. r-
Citv Rank of AugUM.v <»r.o of c > * r A. No. IT T:
OTMof 010. letter B. No 4*si? one <*f tier a. N«
17 *7. AU pers-ouft are hereby u t' .a ;i
will be m.idu by Üb. for the payment < f ttr
eauiv at the expiration of three m >ntbs from thi* date,
and ar.- al». cautioned a;a nx re ,» mg said Wlk, an
ptitaem pay ui«*m has been stopped on t'-em.
E, M. GILBERT.
•hacle*t *- s i De 4, lr.'A x. w' rn
A lexandfUs hid GLOVES Al--« *» p
ply of White, 1i... kfu .Co o (il/UIN usf
fvamvedby IJunidj ALEXANDER A >YKi(illi.
l ' |il -1 l
(ijjromdc tv Stntiud.
LUOSKCB.
BT THE AMERICA.
. • «■’ t .«♦ (Ynzrul j. r .v!/f//,^ay^ n
i. >. .i : v <•«•?. tp.jn »ioth-nj .-fin it-rest as regards
,:art i . - On the J9th the whole court
t :• w... 1 i-ij.. hy a heavy gale of wind.
An A- .I** ei, lit! ving 100 oxen and 200
* »«:•», . «hivi u iliUt the hay of Seba-to
, .1. n;:<! r, . filing Fort Constantine, ehe win#
• * . ti,<* I*» !. il-. Tl:c cut.tain and crow
•„k to !*:.*•],' boat nod abamionei her. and «he
V . ton pj.or.: on ti*e Houth aide of the
'J • Hu- ~i-kept firing on her daring tiie
w-i* 1. r f. ; t lobg&she wa« pet fire to, and do-
A*:i tin-. Caledonia, which had nn
i id U■: i • K i
j * * *t n d'-rcvv,instead
- -tin ; . would have been
... I'o ’ ~. ‘ .jV.-V; * Wre' all drown.-l.
• . ” *! •’ lame place*; civw and cargo
. on -. •: o:i fiifi-.-rn-nt tMtrt* oftiit coart,
(. I.a Mar
« in ih- -• ms. n«l of the Sardinian troops during
C „•"< of the London Time*.
;,V/ . f .SVA / / J)rc. 21,1855.—Winter
- i • . *,j, . ~»*m i,- in Oitv, and we have had
npoftte engi
... . ourtn ii*. i.-i«*n. Tiii» wan l>y a eelf-regißter- i
i •. .. •;■ •. At 10 A. M. o;» the I‘Jtli it waa
z o. This a nearly or
i’ . *. i. ; 'i> .i! numhrr of men have been more or
, v. M u-d of I ogeriona caaea
oiii-itig f.t.i -non. The Kr-rich suffer a great deal
I. r otlM r night two French aoldien
(roomsin 8< bsstcpd and
nsk< d for some coffee, and to be allowed to warm
<;m i., vo ihcm some coffee aud biscuit, and
lo In by th fire. One of them took off
ib-V ! ■: no nrwkings) and began rubbing
; j t v.hi' . v. fro si bit ten. Xu about t«*n min
•i and f. IM.-ad, to the
«• lanvii 'ii soldiers. The other was
a I right in the morning. The
: ench ai • . 1 ng gr« at quantities of sht i,
I o-day f met, on my
hundreds of pads males,
witii 50 coats .i each, and a great number of the
m oirt , also full of coats. The whole
thed and well fed; and are in
eiiidtal »H*alth and spirits.
x, ».v :*• i- -tow on tho ground it is dangerous
ron . : c mip, a yon aro almost cortaiii
>n ( . ut ad from a snowball, which
else, li is n blessmg that
in dosser from now.
tween 1 hie V\ inh r and lost
i c . ,- ;d ; .iry. Instead of the sullen despairing
koi .\ ear. every man seems ltappy a<ta
•1 > 111 ■ 11 ! d. \\ * * liuve also civilized amusements
Oncv: : . .*■ n turd ay nijfht there is a “symposium, v
o ; -i of eider t-oliar, in the restaurant of the fourth
. .. - mpo>* lef oliir. rs of the division, who
a vtj a kind of supper fc
■ 11 1 en the national antnem
- ; :• in ;i.-,d the meeting H' purates. The
n 1 gel ii j 1 some
wiiieh they are going toaetinthe res-
Ti,.* ( :iun rt is subject to new innovations every
ie y. Tin re is n v a real bona tide yellow* omnibus
in K ; • i-■ !i. If v > are lieiv much longer we may
it . !; ■ <■.- 1 :: i• d from e ;.np to eatnp in Man-
Tiiere an one or two dog (tfirts here already.
the ■' li. Q. P.” bunt,
. .-.ii- Head quarters Paper Hunt. This is
m't ; —The fox, which
. n a well mounted man. lias a quarter
of ;m ii-mu .- law, and goes otf with his
. if pup r, one of which he dryps at in
..l ‘ !ii- » ii« 1 of ills quarter of an hour the field,
. ion the two or Ihree meets which
nearly a hundred, gooff after
i, all looking eagerly on foe
ground lbrpieev sos paper. :!*»«?? is very fast, I
ii ld tailscousiderably alter a
ibw minutes. There were a great many men out
last time ivho had evidently bunted, in a very dif
iVn iit eomi 1 ry, iiud among them Sir W. Ayre, who
was mounted On a \(uy tine horse, and kept well
ultend. 'l'heve liave been some very sever** gules
lately in th*- Linek Sen. One or two vessels have
I I|istl ei i KLamie <?h. One mail, also, has never
been heard of it since
tl • ».•,imer left (.'omrkntinople. It is tlie one due
on the I dth.
rds flying
; : 1 . K 1 for the last few day a. 11 mi
liie.b, of spot lniett have been on the look out for
rul of them hav< been killed. They
, iv wry Some of those killed, I tun told,
weigh as riueh ;;s I A or 16 pounds. There is snipe
iti><( wildfowl shooting to be had down on the
Tehm n : risk of one’s life -that.tins
* i ti* be enjoyed, tis the Itussians are within
s!m!, and g. .ernlly la k,* advantage of it. However,
I ere ure soun men but here who are such eager
sjioristnen tliut thev are not deterred even by the
rule ballets.
7 O/h rations in Asiatic Turkey. —lt is said
httti ’ : Omei Fa-ha's Loops, with others to
d< p tela l, ure to be sent toTrebizoiidjto cover
nppj < bended, will be
a;rncked by (b-iiet tl Mournvieff. The command
will be given to Ismael Pasha.
'1 lie (’/.ar ha addrwsi d a letter,of which the fol
. ■ 1 isat 1 m, to (Jen. Mouravief in regard
to tin* capture of Kars:—
». solute pi-isistenct*,the exemplary courage
ami the warlike circumspection which have marked
v->ur eaiire eonduet in Asia Minor, tho fortress of
Kars, r.as sunvmlered, with its entire garrison,
u t.ii« rv ami great depots of arms and ammunition.
no more? its
u n.i ider itt ehiel is our prisoner. I thank you
In ertily Ibrtl is so glorious feat, which has invested
own. 1 also com
.; .j.,., v. a toexpitssmy lieutifelt thanks to the
. id for the teadfostnen and
; ui-iie' ked re
oi’i) m iny. 111 t stimony of your high
* you Knight of the ()rder of St.
(:. r of the Second class, a rank t«> which you
have proved yourself ine ontestibly entitled; and re- I
main, witliimpi iial grace your wellwisher.
“Ai.exandeh."
77a Hu >\ —The l ndeju-ndcnce Beige says that
w;al .-xleitsiye
I nil I- 1 ."gs ;o be i ~gag*-d tit Kiel and Elsinore for
thepu. i mi into depots of triate
; o , eseript ion for tin use «>t‘ the fleet next
1 vie!nailing del artuient, v hich is to be
• > ! * be organized few
rat j era id on ti grand scale. The land force which
Fmitet will .ml to Baltic, should tlie war eon
w tla ir provisions iVoni Sw.-d
--* where eoatpanies are now being formed for that
object.
Ik - pos ible, an accu
rate iist (•: 1 iki'.tie fleet for !>'.*»(>. It is to consist
; "ps and heavily imn
: eight• AO eorvet
ina twenty
siu-'.ih-r - < ana rs, with 105 guns; seventeendispateK
; a,: bo.jis. wiilt 7*n guns; three floating batteries,
with 52 guns : four heavy mortar ships, mounting
■ls pieces: Fk gunboatsmul mortar boats, carrying
tw.* 1,,-:'. \ v pit* a s of ordnance on an average. There
wi'i be also a- : x , a munition ship, hospital ship,
1 -i 13 ship# «»f war; all,
with ti..- exception of u store ship and a hospital
1 gnus, 5M>67.
It o mull r. d that a strong force of the Royal Ma
v a< s will be organised for serv ce in the Baltic next
Spring.
\Ye learn from a good source (says the Nurein-
L« rg ( orivspotuh-nt! that besides the treaty of Nov.
*2l, there are in existence spee'ud conventions be-
W< ' Powers and Sweden. These aeto
1 ralCanrobert
be ratified, trad
w ill not be published unless hostilities against Russia
should continue in the Spring. These conyentions
place Sw» ;. n in an entirely new attitude to
. for their effect much more
... t its and Btatiem totwraw
At th.e leve«* in Pari**, on New Year’s day, the
I f »M'erex;' * sst il a hope to the Minister ot Oen
■ U-. ..t bis coutttiy would follow the example of
Sweden.
11., . . pi,. ofX. .rt Year's Campaign. —A lct
- ' In
. on\oked at St l\ UnUy
r ,lie,.- u:il pi - -bney of the Enq»eror have
< t! « 1! the mi*' ; »!es on which the forthcoming oam
- Pet - * - M oe
• and w. hWt ran. tl »1 form
0 toiiresses of the empire. General
* ' rw,\ sere, and, notwithstanding
e W . itiM I -the frost having
, uahaliic-t pr«»verbial violence of a Rua
-
-k • >nv* * iug tlie ground and fixing the pole* to
g. ( . . ... 5:. of « i:euinvallation, which will bt*
coinuivViced on Uit breaking up of tlie frost.
. i a-, .*• t ,»-r fix* d \c.iin iplcM»fstrate-vhave
• ; tht prosecution of the war,
t' i -hit must be elf x d that »> it *.s not so essen
x\ . ;l 4 p.j, usive war *'ti the part of the Russians.
:*uL.Vs< ohms uiuv be completely upset, or at all
i ~ i,t> _ * ti: 1 v ic. *7lied, by any change in the svs
1. • • iT- nu k **n tl.« part of the Western Powers.—
!; > fullv * \p« ct( d in Russia that next year the prm
- be u aferred to the North,
;.n<i tk - gi o.it*. ; exertions are making for an eiiieient
defence.
Fort • >.:*’>■ es ('roustadi and Helsingfors* no
{.., js au •« cl.ns h e etjvrience of the last
Iwo v. ..rs ha> shown that the enemy are not able to
... ... . ...: *l..uuv' • noria it feared that even ii* the
.... . in* ;vas« dby ,VH» st*-am gunboats, they
i.s.. -..ke « *!. r **f these strongholds, unless with tlie
t- - , :1 .11 of a i;nmen»nsa«u well appointed army
**t! 5... .. Tho s\«4eiu of t. .cries resolved on by the
I grt« utned of war, mav be summed up as follows :
if , . . .. i\ t« rsburg. Moscow, Hiew,
\v \ " -a llv. tlie concentration
aud third.lv. The ihlQ
j . ; .. a.’’nor pku »s ; s»» Li’ebau. Riga,
j -.*-1 we;, u- will be deprived of regular garri
|- ’ *-5 to their fate aud the tender mercy of
j 1- 1 yc-d jss'-i severe that several sentinels have
| * • ' 1 • ; A *- x * to detuh iu tl.eir sentry boxes,
; ol* 1 * v. *1 vveryhalf boor,
j (- •' . *-. '.<• >oh—TLeLsmdouGazette
1, * r;* cor. noil which announces that
t *or«:er plot daring the. xport of chlorate of potash
j The ( -k Kx&uiiu* r announces that it istiieintcn-
Y n of .1 company of high mercantile jicsition to es
■ " •' . ' \ r
S’ew York.
; 1.- oi apiuiiera and pierces at Manchester
1 - but at oa«? of the mills, nine of the opera- :
■ • . - havt- resium d work. The consequence was
I* ; -1. veiii-ment prevailed the turnouts,
i. . , u ; lU . -knobsticks” was followed from the
j ia.il i>ri.i" iieiir*t-. andass,iiled withthrea(sandabuse,
i oil Lioin ills dinner, stones were thrown
j an:: sen w ■*.*. in fiigute has boon ordered
to Ik ittid down in Bombay i c the service of the
5$ .
j** e 1 .. ,1. in* tit for s« n. hiki be maintained at an
. ..1 p. m • ..‘;.**u: . The Puiyaub and
i Ass- v. . finifila'd. the Former still without her
~. • . .. - * . v.- .-»s? >H*twt*en them a quarter of
j t . .. * auvi •i.cel : _ sos the three new vessels
1 v,. i .... i x I’-tkut da \car at least to the expenses of
j I,.n(ivy.
I _ Th. C Trade.— Wluik'att
j ,—Tr.c »tTocitit->of the i'oolie trade from China
; ..< xciu-vl universal indiguation, both among
know they 1
! ignorant or brutal management, and others who
, T'tand nothing hlk»ul the trade, and make do
hlvWfßl treated as
slave - -i d voluntary uaigranfo who pay for their
own j.>. But ull former instances have been
< - me bv- a wholesale tnasaacre, of which accounts
’ ha-.•just been received.
1.. ..o:r.bk tub ui.tv bskririly told:—The Wa
'' ; J*ud Atm : u-jku chip ut 750 tons, recently
. A :«y with 41‘2 cuoues for Havana or Callao.
The caj * -tin having dhsdfthortiy after her departure,
I Le iu>! in c \ u «MUid ot tbo hrovight her
* to Mannul, i •; the purpose of procuring another otli
<er to take hisplaci . On aucuoring at Cavite it
would appear that the mate hud alarmed the captain
of ti.< poit about the sanitary condition of the shin,
prevented free intercourse with imr: and us, bt-siae
the captain, one of the coolies had died, the prejudice
of the Chinese were offended at the mode in which
the burial was about to be conducted, or at some
other unexplained treatment of the dead bodies.
But the only explanation accorded to them was
the mate’s lifting a revolver and shooting down one
or more of their number, the rest being driven with
out difficulty below, and made secure under hate lies,
without any precaution, or apparently any thought
about ventilation. The mate thereafter attended the
captain's funeral, and spent the day on shore; and
it was not until after midnight that the agents of the
ship, who may till then have been unaware how the
matter stood, took alarm and insisted that the mate
should then ascertain the state of his human freight;
and so, at two o'clock next morning, twelve hours
after the hatches had been put on, they were re
moved, to discover that two hundred and fifty-one
of the coolies were lifeless corpses. Forty-five more ;
are missing, leaving only 146, of whom several are
not likely to survive.
The mate and crew have been imprisoned by the
•Spanish authorities, and it is said the Uuited States
consul declines to take any cognizance of the mat
ter. Other coolie ships have recently left China un
der circumstances that afford ground for apprehen
sion that they may not complete their voyages witli
* -ut disasU r. In connection with this subject (which
has not hitherto been treated as slave dealing.) we
(h.v.-riior <•{'Macao kos im
prisoned two Portuguese subjects, charged witli buy
ing Chinese girls, chiefly at Ningpo, for the purpose
of exporting them to Havana; in short with slave
dealing.— China Mail, Nov. 15.
Extract* from Late Kngli.*h Paper*.
f Correspondence of the London Times.\
Vienna, Dec. 31.—'Hie following particle from the
Augsburg Gazette, will be read with pleasure, as it
not only fully confirms information long since con
tained in your columns, but gives a detailed account
• f what has recently passed between England.
France and Austria. The article, which is nomi
nally fr< -:n Frankfort, is evidently from auexc ellent,
if not ail official source :
“The mission of Count Valentine Esterhazy is the
result of a complete understanding between the
Western Powers and Austria. Since the commence
ment of the Eastern crisis, the understanding be
tween the three Cabinets has never been so clear,
cordial, and perfect as it now is, aud this as well in
regard to the new condition of peace as to the mea
sures taken if they should be rejected. The terms of
peace will be recapitulated, and such remarks made
on them as mav appear necessary. 1. The Russians
to relinquish all claim to the right of protection over
the D.inubian Principalities, and to agree to certain
conditions for securing their future political position.
This point, though difficult of execution, is express
ed in such clear and positive language that—if it
should be accepted—it will be impossible for Russia
to exercise any prejudicial influence on the negotia
tions for the regulation of the affairs of the countries
in question. In short, it is demanded that Russia
shall simply accept the arrangements which may be
mode without shilling in the negotiations or in the
resolutions which may be taken. 2. Cession of a
part of the Bessarabian territory, of such extent
that Russia shall not only be removed from the Del
ta of the Danube, but shall entirely relinquish her
position on the Danube. (The geographical line for
the new frontiers of Russia, which is given in the
propositions, is drawn at a considerable distance
from the Danube*.) 3. Neutralization of the Black
Sea, without any Russian fortifications or arsenals
on its coasts. At the mouths of the Danube how
ever, there is to be a station for the smaller vessels
of war which are to do police duty in the Black Sea.
I. All the Powers to protect the Christian subjects
of the Porte. The foregoing proposals emanated
from Austria, but the Western Powers added—the
admission of consuls to all the ports of the Black
Sea; and the promise of Russia never in future to
fortify the Aland Islands.
“In as far as Austria is concerned, the proposi
tions, without being ultimatum , have the impor
tance of one. The new agreement was made be
tween the Western Powers and Austria in the most
straightforward and loyal way, aud a speedy deci
sion is required from Russia,t as the powers are ful
ly resolved that there shall be no diplomatic trickery.
It was only on this condition that the Western
Powers consented lo the terms. The tremendous
armaments which England and France are making
forthe spring can neither be interrupted nor can the
enormous outlay be made in vain. The British
(-abinet is resolved to give positive information to
Parliament, and this is why such a short term has
been granted to Russia. In case of the rejection of
the propositions the diplomatic relations between
Russia and Austria will at once be broken off. It
will depend on the result of Count Esterhazy’s mis
sion whether we shall learn anything more relative
to the recent negotiations between the Western
Powers and Sweden.”
' As you were yesterday informed, tlio territory
to be ceded lies between the Pruth and aline drawn from
the fortress of Ghotym down totheiSalt or Sasik Lake,
on the coast of the Black Sea.
t Within three weeks.
The Last Russian Circular. —The Nord,, of Ihus
st-% publishes « Berlin conespondence, wliich gives
thelollowrinff analysis of the Russian circular of the
2*2d December. It says :
“I commence by giving you texualiy the an
nouncement (notice) annexed to the despatch, aud
which runs as follows :
“Tho Emperor consents that the third point
shall t»e solved (resolu ) by the following combina
tions :
“1. The closing of the Straits.
“2. No military flag whatever shall float in the
Black Sea, with exception of that of the forces which
Russia ana the Ports, by a common contact, may
deem it necessary to maintain there.
“3. The amount of these forces shall be fixed by a
direct agreement between the two coasting Pow
ers, without uny ostensible participation of the
other Powers.
“The following is an exact analysis, I might al
most say the production, of the despatch itself, which
must actually ln iu the hands of all the Governments
to which it is addressed :
“The Imperial Cabinet first states that, the mo
mentary interruption of hostilities in consequence of
tlie bad weather has necessarily aroused the general
hop** that advantage would be taken of it for the es
tablishment of pence, and declares that it was not
tlie last to share the sentiment, and to devote a just
solicitude to it. It owns frankly that the desire ex
pressed bv the Emperor of tin* French, as ji public
solemnity*, in favor of a prompt and durable peace,
was at the same time, and still is, the dearest wish
of the Emperor Alexander.
‘“Tin* elevated policy which has been bequeath
ed to this sovereign byliis predecessors makes it his
duty to make use of the power which God has
placed in bis hands only for the good of mankind,
and consequently b> desire pence, not only in the
interests of his own subjects but in those also of the
whole of Europe. The Emperor Alexander has not
waited for the present moment to endeavor to at
tain that object. On his accession to the throne he
gave his full and entire consent to the basis admit
ted by his august father.
These bases, however, admitted of different inter
pretations. The Emperor, without hesitation, gave
them the most liberal interpretation (leur donna les
-phis larges dcvcloppcmcnts J As a proof thereof he
can quote the frank and loyal concurrence which
he lent to the modifications to be introduced into
the political system of the East and to the collective
guarantee which was to secure its independence.—
He even went so far as to sacrifice his secular
and glorious traditions. lie finally proved the
sincerity of his resolutions by the manner in which
he adopted the changes proposed for the Principali
ties of the Danube, ana for the navigation of that
river.
“If the conferences were broken off on the sub
ject of the third point, the responsibility does not
full upon the Imperial Cabinet, for when the Aus
trian Cabinet brought forward the solution which
appeared to it the most acceptable, it was the Rus
sian Plenipotentiary who declared it susceptible of
becoming the starting point (point dc part) for an
arrangement, and it was the ministers of the adverse
party who rejected it in consequence of internal dis
sentions which had arisen.
“In the course of the grave event which ensued,
while torrents of blood flowed, and the two bellige
rent parties were imposing immense sacrifices on
themselves, however much the heart of his Imperial
Majesty was affected thereby, he was obliged to re
main silent, as his enemies appeared resolved to sub
stitute the right of might to the spirit of justice and
of conciliation which, for nearly half a century, had
presided over the destinies of Europe.
“ But as soon as information reached the Govern
ment of his Majesty, which assured him that his ene
mies were disposed to take up again (reprendre en
sous-aurre) the negotiations of peace ou the basis
of the Four Points, stick as they had been defined
in the Conferences, the Imperial Cabinet did not
hesitate to come forward frankly to meet those
peaceful dispositions, and to seek frankly a possible
solution for the third point in the order of ideas
which lmd appeared, turn about satisfactory to all
parties/’
[Here follows, says the Berlin correspondent ot
tin* Xord. tlie notice given above, and which “gives
a complete solution to what Is called the third guar
antee.”]
“ The Imperial Cabinet declares in conclusion,
* that this resolution of the Emperor will give a now
pledge of the sentiments of conciliation by which
he is animated, aud of the sacrifices he is ready to
make for the peace of the world. He puts Lis trust
in the impartial judgment of the powers which have
reinaiuea strangers to the struggle, and calmly and
confidently awaits the decision of his enemies.*’
The Timc< and Post on the Circular. —The Lon
don Times is indignant sit the Circular of Count Nes
selrode, aud affirms that the proposition is not an
overture . it is au insult, a new outrage, a fresh pro
vocation to war. Under date of Jan. 2d, the Tunes
says :
\Vlmt can be hoped from negotiation with a Pow
er which after such a series of reverses as have fal
len upon Russia since the Close of the Vienna Con
ferences, —her armies defeated, her finances deran
ged. lu-r fieet destroyed, her coasts ravaged, her
rivers beset and blockaded—can find no terms
except such as she might impose had victory fol
lowed her standards as pertinaciously as defeat ? To
exclude the allies from the sea that they have made
their own. in order to give back the dominion over
it to a fleet that is buried beneath its waves, to reg
ulate the equipoise of power between herself and
Turkey by convention to which the principal belli
gerents are to be no parties, to h ave the cause of
Europe independence to the keeping of the treache
ry. the timidity, or the venality of the Divan, are
termed so disastrous and ignominious that we must
loose more fleets and armies than Russia has lost
before we can stoop so low—before we can regard
such terms as anything else than a fresh outrage and
a fresh provocation.
The London Morning Post says this proposition
was communicated to Austria when the Cabinet of
8t . Petersburg heard of the intended movement of
that Power, but that Count Bnol did not venture to
submit to the Western Powers **a proposition which
savors more of useless impertinence than of the art
ful plausibility in which Russian diplomatists are
generally distinguished adepts/'
F'vrc of the War.— A decree has appeared in
the Paris Moniteur for constituting the Imperial
Guard on a hunger basis. The intention is that that
select body and the other corps which have fought
in the Crimea, shall form the nucleus of an army
which can be directed to any point where its service
may be required. On this subject, the Parris cor
respondent of the Times makes the following state
ment :
•'I have difficulty in supposing that this point will
be the Rhine, in case- Russia do not accept the con
ditions of peace we propose to her, and in case
Germany again allows itself to be intimidated or
sjedtn ed by our ent my. Nay, more, if peaee be not
concluded’this winter, if the spring aces Prussia
timid and uncertain, not to sav hostile to us, and
Russia still obstinate, I have* little doubt that the
next campaign will commence on a scale coin men
surate with the oowerof the two greatest nations of
the earth, and that the war will then become a war
a tout ranee:
The London Times bae an article on this subject
and on the future of the war. making the following
observations:
•No nation of Central Europe need fear the an
nouncement that the French Guard are to hold them
selves ‘ready to march.’ Although the Allied Pow
ers would gladly see the co-operation of Prussia and
Austria in so great a cause, yet their neutrality is
not likely to be iuterupted so long as it is a reality.
It is against the common toe of Europe that the new
lv raised levies of the French empire will be directed;
ft is on the frontier of the Czar that the stenn wiil
break which is presaged by the short address of the
French Sovereign/’ t
The Times then proceeds 10 sneak of the plan of
the next campaign, and, while namitting that noth
ing has yet been decided and that its extent cannet
be for.-seen thinks it possible to form some image of
the war of 1856.
“It will be carried on with equal energy in two
teas, and null threaten the ♦ remy's ilbaeqwed
province# at both extremitk# of the Empire. It is
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 30, 1856.
piobabie that the struggle in ttie Baltic will not fait
....
nilu ie - r ti.- - n soft*. Tm-land * may aot reach
the numbers wnich are n«*w congregated m the East,
but the fleet which the two nations will shortly dis
patch to the northern waters will exceed anything
that has hitherto been known in naval warfare. The
danger that impends over Cronstadt and St. Peters
burg is not neglected by the Czar. Evervwhere for
tifications arc springing up, and the lessened bands
of Russia are anil further divvied by the necessity of
defending the capital itself. There is good reason
for such precautions.
It is more than probable that a portion of that
Guard whose return Paris has just celebrated, will
be sent within a few months to earn nc-w titles on
the sh-rcs of the Baltic. At last the war in this part
of the world must lose the reproach of incurring great
expense to effect little, and the two former fruitless
campaigns will not be* whollv lost if the experience
gained is useful-for eventual success. The Crimea
and the Transcaucasian provinces may each of
them be the scene of important events. It is a pe
culiar advantage of the allies that they can in a tew
days change the seat of war, and land a powerful
force on any point of the Black Sea coast from the
Danube to Bntoum. Their army is available for
.my enterprise; they cun attack where they please,
certain that the enemy cannot retaliate. Ou the
other hand, Russia is compelled to maintain a diffe
rent army at every point of her territory.”
The en
trance of the Imperial Guard into Paris, on Saturday,
on tbeir return from the Crimea, was the occasion
of an outburst of military enthusiasm. The Times'
correspondent thus describe s the scene :
“At twelve o'clock the troops, who have been
quartered for some days past in the environs of
Paris, were massed in the Place de la Bastille, where
their arrival was hailed by the most enthusiastic ac
clamations. Nothing could prevent the crowds
from approaching those weather beaten warriors,
and the young aud old gazed with some interest on
those worn uniforms, the flag torn to ribands, the
-eagles here and there perforated with Russian bul
lets. Each one detailed to his neighbor tin* story of
the part the battalion had token in the campaign of
the Crimea, and dwelt on the dangers they had bra
ved, the privations they had suffered, and the glory
they had won. At once the drums beat to arms,
and the distant shouts announced the approach of
the Emperor, mid in a few minutes his Majesty, pre
ceded by the Guides, and followed by his brilliant
staff and no less brilliant escort, entered the square
in which the Pillar of July stands.
“He was received at the Bastille by Marshal
Magnan; and the expeditionary troops, having
placed their kepis on the points of their dayonels,
cheered him with deafening cries of 4 Vive i’Empe
ror P in which they were joined by the immense
multitudes which covered the Place de la Bastille
and the adjoining Boulevard. The Emperor slowly
rode before the lines of the troops, returning to the
centre, near the Pillar of July, 1830, and, the officers
having drawn up round him, his Majesty delivered,
in a firm and strong voice, the following address to
the troops.’”
Speech of the E rupee or. —‘,‘Soldiers —I have come
to meet you, ns in other times the Roman Senate
went to the gates of Rome to meet her victorious le
gions. I have come to tell you that you have de
served well of your country.
“My emotion is great, for with the happiness I
feel at again seeing you are mingled painful regrets
for those who are no more, and deep sorrow that I
could not lead you ou to battle
_ “Soldiers of the Guard and soldiers of the Line, I
bid you welcome.
“You all represent that army of the East whose
courage aud whose perseverance have invested with
new lustre our eagles, ami won for France the rank
which is her due.
“The country, alive to .all that is accomplished in
the East, receives you with all the greater pride, that
she estimates your efforts by the obstinate resistance
of the enemy.
“ ‘I have recalled you, though the war be not de
termined, because it is only just to relieve, iu their
turn, the regiments that have suffered most. Each
will thus be able to take his share* in glory, aud the
country which maintains 600,000 soldiers, lias an
interest iu maintaining in France a numerous and
experienced army, ready to march wheresoever ne
cessity may sequire. Preserve then, carefully, the
habits of war, and fortify yourselves in the experi
ence you have already acquired. Hold yourselves
in readiness to respond, if need be, to my appeal;
but yet on this day forget the hardships of a soldier's
life, return thanks to God for having spared you, and
march proudly in the midst, of your orethren in arms,
and vour fellow-citizens, whose acclamations await
you.’”
The construction put upon this paragraph by the
Paris correspondent of the London Times is as fol
lows :
“The brief harrangue uddresscd by the Emperor
yesterday to the troops assembled on the Place do la
13 ns tile will do a>vuy with any effect which may
have been created by'the supposition that the late
pamphet on the congress for the pacification of Eu
rope was traceable to a high source. That harangue
you may consider as the best commentary on the de
cree for the organization of the Imperial Guard,
which appeared in the Moniteur two days ago.—
When the Minister of War says in his report which
precedes the decree, that ‘the moment is opportune
sor constituting this select body on a linger basis, by
introducing the excellent elemcllts which the army
of the East can now provide it with,’ he expresses
strictly the truth, but it was left for the spirited ad
dress ot yetterdtty to complete his meaning.
“The intention is, that the Imperial Guard and
the other corps that have fought in the Crimen, and
shared in the hardships and dangers of a protracted
siege and a sanguinary assault, shall form the nu
cleus of an army which can be directed to any point
where its services shall be required. 1 lmve no dif
ficulty in supposing that this point will bo the Rhine,
in case Russia do not accept the conditions of peace
we propose to her, and in case Germany again al
lows itself to be intimidated or seduced by our ene
my. Nay, more, if peace be not concluded this
winter—if the spring still sees Prussia timid and un
certain, not to say hostile to us, and Russia still con
tinues obstinate—l have little doubt that the next
campaign will commence on a scale commensurate
with the power of the two greatest nations of the
earth, and that the war will then become a war a
V om ti ranee.
“The grand army to which the speech of the Em
peror refers, and of which the Guard and its com
panions in arms are to form the centre, is destined
for great things, and, fertile in events as the year
which is just going out has been, it may be the less
rich in material for the historian of the present war
than the one on which we are about to enter. Two
camps of 100,000 men each will, it is believed, be
formed without delay on the French territory, and
serve as schools of instruction, to be swelled by suc
cessive arrivals from the Crimea. In the Crimea
it is said that our united forces—French, English,
Piedmontese ane Turks are not less than 200,000,
ahd arc far too numerous iu a place where active
operations arc not soon expected. Their services
will be more valuable elsewhere. It is said, there
fore, that only sufficient troops will ac left iu the
Crimea so keep the positions we now occupy, and
which will be strengthened so as to defy any force
that can by any possibility be brought against them.
The rest will prooably be called back to France, to
form part of the immense host which is destined to
put an end to the Russian question forever.”
Napoleon’s Confidential Correspondence.
We have been favored by the publishers, D. Ap
pleton A, Co., of New York, with the early sheets of
a book which we feel certain is destined* to .create
some stir in the Literary World. The title of the
book is “The Confidential Correspondence of Napo
leon Bonapart with his Brother Joseph.” To be
published in 2 vols 12uio. This book will afford a
deeper insight into the mind of Napoleon than all the
biographies which have ever been written. The
letters cover a period of twenty years, or from the
time of his appointment as a General of Brigade to
his fall at Waterloo.
We will proceed to give a few extracts, which
will enable the reader to form an estimate of their
interest. Under date of July 25, 1798, he writes :
Ball. Amer.
s jirft me have on my arrival a villa near Paris or
in Burgundy. I intend to shut myself up there for
the winter. * I am tired of human nature. I want
solitude and isolation. Greatness fatigues me;
feeling is dried up. At 29 glory has become fiat. I
have exhausted everything. 1 have no refuge but
pure selfishness. I shall retain my house, and let no
one else occupy it. I have not more than enough to
live on. Adieu, my old friend. 1 have never been
unjust to you, as you must admit, though 1 may have
wished to be so. You understand me. Love to your
wife and to Jerome.”
The following is Napoleon's own account of the
battle of Austenitz :
Austcrlitz, Dec. 3,1805 —My Brother, —I hone
that by the time this courier reaches you, my aide
de-camp Lebrun, whom I sent off from the field of
battle, will have got to Paris. After some days of
manoeuvres, I had yesterday a decisive battle. I nut
to fiiglit the allied army, commanded by the two Em
perors of Germany and Russia in person. It consisted
of 80,000 Russians and 30,000 Austrains. I have ta
ken about 40,000 prisoners, among whom are 20 Rus
sian generals, 40 colors, 100 pieces of cannon, and
all the standards of the Russian imperial guards.
The whole army lias covered itself with glory.
The enemy has left at least from 12,000 to 15,000
men on the field. I do not yet know my own loss.
1 estimate it at 800 or 900 killed, and twice as many
wounded. A whole cohumi of the enemy threw it
self into a lake, and the greater part of them were
drowned. 1 fancy that I still hear the cries of these
wretches idiom it teas impossible to savc.^
Wc insert the following letter as showing Napo
leon’s goodness of heart:
Nnpt&on to Joseph.
March 19, 1800.—M. de Stael is in the deepest
poverty, and his wife gives dinners and balls. If
you still visit her, would it not be well to persuade
her to make her husband an allowance of from 1,000
to 2,000 francs a month ? Or have we already
reached the time when not only decency, but duties
even more sacred than those which unite parents
and children, may be trampled underfoot without
the world’s being scandalized 1 Let us give Mad
ame de Stael the benefit of judging her morals a.- if
she were a man : but would a man who Bad inherited
M. Neckerisfortune, and who had long enjoyed the
privileges attached to a distinguished name, aud
who allowed his wife to remain in abject poverty
whilst he lived in luxury, would such a man be re
ceived in society ?
Napoleon s care tor small matters was remarkable.
He kept a watchful eye upon every item of expense
attending the provisioning and furnishing of an army
with food and clothing—a remarkable contrast to
the miserable state of the commissariat department
of the English Army in the campaign in the Crimea
last year :
St. Cloud, June 29,150 u Brother,—l see
from your letter of the 17th that you had received
some biscuit, and that 12,000 pairs of shoes have
reached you from France. Take care to infonn me
of the arrival of each consignment of biscuit and
shoes, that I may make sure of not being cheated in
my accounts. Uount the biscuit one by one ; their
quality should be good. The shoes ought to be
made of stout leather, not pasteboard : they cost me
5£ francs a pair. If they are not good, let ine know,
I will have deductions made for them in the general
settlement.
A Man Terribly Frozen—Rescued by a Xeic
foundland Doe. —l’ll - Troy Times, of January 8,
relates the following incident: As two men were
walking idong the dock at the foot of Liberty street,
yesterday morning, about 10 o'clock, a large dog,
belonging to Mr. Staude. tobacconist, on Congress
street, a cross of St. Bernard and New Foundiand.
accompanying them, discovered an object on the ice
which attracted his attention, and going up to it he
commenced howling. The men called him, but he
refused to come, and persisted in his efforts to draw
their attention They finally wen: ont to the dog,
mid discovered the body of*a man partially cover
ed will snow. They foiled that he was still breath
ing. and took him up and carried him into Divine’s
saloon, on the dock, when Dr. Burton was immedi
ately called in.
On examination the doctor found a large wound
on the right side of the head, the face ana ears so
frozen that one of the latter fell off; his hands and
arms frozen half way up to his elbows, and his feet and
lege frozen hall way to his knees. He was remov
ed to ti.«- Troy Hospital, wh»-re Dr. B. has been mi
remitting in his efforts, but the patient still lit a in
sensible. and but faint hopes are entertained of his
recovery. The man’s name is Lally. He is an
Irishman, residing in West Troy, near the Arsenal
He left his home on Saturday evening to come to
tins side of the river, which is all that is positively
kn<*wn in regard to the affair ; but from the nature
of the wound on the Lead, foul play is suspected, as
it would be impossible for trim to* receive such a
wound iroin a laii on the ice.
Wkert hag ' l***J —A package of letters reached
Falls Village last Friday which mailed at Hart
ford. July 4. 1851. In the packag was a letter con
taining a’ note of over S*J,OUO, directed to the Don
Bank.—-New licuttn Courier
Birth Bay of Daniel Webster.
Tiie dinner which was given at the Revere House,
Boston, on Friday, in honor of the birth day of Dan
iel Webster, is represented by the Boston papers as
having been a grand affair. The president's table,
savs the Post, crossed the upper end of the large
dining room of the Revere, and three long tables
were ranged lengthwise the hall. Upon the centre
table was*a perfect reprt sentation, in confectionery,
of the Marshfield house with its walks and shrub
ben-. amon® which the favorite tree and seat of Mr.
Webster were not forgotten. Upon another table
was a representation of the same material, of Mr.
Webster’s birth-place in Saulisbury. with its queer
fence of rails, and its old shed adjacent, beneath
which rested a miniature and primitive looking
cart, with various odds and ends peculiar to an old
fashioned country house. An attempt had been
made to get a r« presentation of the Franklin bouse,
hut it ha J been disappointed. In its stead was a
beautiful pillar of slab, bearing mottoes from Mr.
Webster's replies to Mr. Calhoun.
Flags were arranged upon the walls, above which
were displaced as mottoes, occupying a portion of
three sides of the room, the extracts from Mr. Web
ster’s great Hnvne speech:
“While the Union lasts we have high, exciting,
gratifving prospects spread out before us, for us
and oiir children. Beyond that I seek not to pene
trate the veil,” *N.c.
Hon. Edward Everett delivered an oration, which
will lie justly pronounced one of his greatest efforts.
We make some extracts from it:
On this occasion, in this circle of friends, most of
whom, with greater or less degrees of izktßnacy,
were individually known t«» him and had cultivated
kindly personal relation* with him, I wish rather to
sav a* few words of the man. Let us to-night leave
his great fame to the country's, to the world's care.
It needs not our poor attestation; it has passed into
the history of the United States, where it will last
and bloom forever. The freshly remembered pre
sence of the invisible to the eye of
sense, still abides iu* our tribunals ; the voice of the
matchless orator, yet echoes from the arches of
Faneuil Hall. If ever it is given to the spirits of
the departed to revisit the sphere of their activity
and usefulness on earth, who can doubt that the
shade of Webster returns with anxiety to that Sen
ate which so often hung with admiration upon his
lips, and walks by night an unseen guardian along
tlie ramparts of tuc Capitol. Os what lie was, ana
what he did, and how he spoke, and wrote, aud
counselled, and pursuadid, and controlled, and
swayed, in all these great public capacities, lus
printed works contain the proof and the exemplifi
cation : recent recollection preserves the memory;
and eulogy, warm and emphatic, but not exaggera
ted, has set forth the marvellous record.
If all else which in various parts of the country
has been spoken and written of him should be for
gotten, (and there is much, very much, that will be
permanently remembered,) the eulogy of Mr. Hil
liard, pronounced at the request of the city of Bos
ton, and the discourse of Mr. Choate delivered at
Dartmouth College—'whose great sufficiency of
fame it is to have nurtu red two such pupils—have
unfolded the intellectual, professional and public
character of Daniel Webster, with an acuteness of
analysis, a wealth of illustration and a splendor of
diction, which will convey to all coining time an
adequate and vivid conception of the great origi
nal. Ah, my friends, how little they knew of him,
who knew him only as a public man ; how little they
knew even of his personal appearance, who never
saw his countenance, except when darkened with
shadows of his sometimes saddened brow, or clothed
with the terrors of his deep Hashing eye! These at
imes gave a severity to his aspect, which added
not a little to the desolating force of his invective
ami the withering power of lus sarcasm, when com
pelled to put on the panoply of forensic or parlia
mentary war. But no one really knew even his
personal appearance, who was not familiar with his
radiant glance, his sweet expression, his beaming
smile, lighting up the circle of those whom he loved
and trusted and m whose sympathy he confided.
Were I to fix upon any one trait as the prominent
trait of his personal character, it would lx- his social
disposition, his loving heart. If there ever was a person
who felt all the meaning of the divine utterance, “it
is not good for man to bo alone,” it was he. Not
withstanding tho vast resources of his own mind,
and the materials for self-connnunion laid up in the
store-house of such an intellect, few men whom I
have known have been so little addicted to solitary
and meditative introspection; too few have social
intercouse, sympathy and communion with kindred
or friendly spirits been so grateful and even neces
sary. Unices actually occupied with his pen or his
books, and coerced into the solitude ot his study
for some specific employment, he shunned to be
alone. He preferred dictation to solitary composi
tion, especially in the latter part of his life, and he
much liked, on the eve of a great effort, ii* it had
been in his power to reduce the heads of his argu
ment to writing, to go over them with a friend.
That strong social disposition of Mr. Webster, of
which I have spoken, of course fitted him admira
bly f<*r convivial intercourse. I use that expres
sion in its proper etymological sense,pointed out by
Cicero in a letter to one of his friends, and re
ferrod to Mr. Webster in a charming note to Mr.
Rush in which he contrasts the superior refinement
of the Roman word convivinm (living together,) with
the Greek symposium , which is merely drinking
together. Mr. Webster ente red most fully into the
sentiment of Cicero, so beautifully expressed in the
letter alluded to: “Sed mchcrcule. mi Ptcfe, extra
jorum moneo tc , qne parti nerc ad brute vircndum
arbitror; \it cum viris bonus, jucundis, amantibus
turn vivas. Nihil apius vita: nihil ad beatc viven
dum accommodalius. Ncc id ad voluptatum rtf era,
Bcd ad communilatem vita: ct virtus , remissioncniquc
hnimorvm, qnre maxime crinoneefficitnr familiari.
qni est in ronvivio dnlcissimus." Mr. Webster loved
to re with his friends ; with “good pleasant men
who loved him.” This was his delight alike when
oppressed with the multiplied cares of office at
Washington, and when enjoying the repose and quiet
at Marshfield. He loved, to meet his friends at the
social board, because it is there that men most cast
oft* the burden of business and thought; there, as
Cicero says that conversationijsfsweetest; there that
the kindly affections have the* fullest play. By the
social sympathies thus ctfltiVuted, the gonial con
sciousness or individual existence becomes more
intense. And who that ever enjoyed it can forget
the charm of his hospitality—so liberal, so choice, so
thoughtful? In the very last duys of his life, and
when confined to the couch from which he never rose
he continued to give minute directions for the hos
pitable entertainment of the anxious aud sorrowful
friends who came to Marsfield.
If he enjoyed society himself, how much he con
tributed to its enjoyment in others! llis colloquial
powers wore, I think, quite equal to his parliamen
tary and forensic talent. He had something in
structive or ingenious to say on the most familiar
occasion. In his playful mood lie was not afraid to
trifle ; but lie never prosed, never indulged in com
mon place, never dogmatized, was never affected.
His range of information avus so vast, his observa
tion so acute aud accurate, his tact in separating
the important from the unessential so nice, his me
mory so retentive, his command of language so
great, that his common tabic talk, if taken down
from his lips, would have stood t lie test of publica
tion. He had a keen sense of the ludicrous, and re
peated or listened to a humorous anecdote with in
finitcglee. lie narrated with unsurpassed clear
ness, brevity, and grace—no tedious unnecessary
details to spin out tin* story—the fault of tin; most
professed raconteurs —but its main points set each
in its place, so ns often to make a little dinner-table
epic, but all naturally and without effort. He de
lighted iu anecdotes of eminent men, especially of
eminent Americans, aud his memory was stored
with them.
He would briefly discuss a question in natural
history, relative, for instance, to climate, or the race*
and habits and breeds of the different domestic ani
mals or the various kinds of our native game, for
he knew the secrets of the forest. He delighted to
treat a topic drawn from life, manners and great in
dustrial pursuits of lift; and he did.it with such
spirit and originality as to throw a elmrm around
subjects which in common hands art; trivial and un
inviting. Nor were the stores of our sterling litera
ture less at his command. He had such an ac
quaintance with the great writers of our language,
especially the historians and poets, as enabled him
to enrich conversation with the most apposite allu
sions and illustrations. When the occasion and
character of the company invited it, his conversa
tion turned on higher themes, and sometimes rose
to the moral sublime. lie was not fond of the
technical lnnguageof metaphysics, but he had grap
pled, like the giant he was, with its most formidable
problems. I)r. Johnson was wont to say of Burke
that a stranger who should chance to meet him un
der a shed in a shower of rain, would say, “This was
an extraordinary man.*’ A stranger, who did not
know Mr. Webster, might have passed a day with
him in his seasons of relaxation without detecting
the jurist or the statesman, but lie could not have
passed half an hour with him without coming to the
conclusion that he was one of the best informed
of men. Ilis personal appearance contributed to
the. attraction of his social intercourse. His coun
tenance, frame, expression, and presence arrested
and fixed attention. You could not pass him unno
ticed in a crowd, nor fail to see in him a man of
high mark aud character. No one could see him
and not wish to se* more of him, and this alike in
public and private. Notwithstanding his noble
stature and athletic development in after life
he was in his childhood frail and tender. In an au
tobiographical sketch taken down from his dictation,
he says : “I was a weak and ailing child and suffer
ed from almost every disease that flesh is heir to. I
was not able to work on the farm.” This it was
which determined his father, though iu straightened
circumstances, to make the effort, to seud Daniel to
college, because, as some said, “lie was not fit for
anything else.” His brother Joe, “the wit of the
family,*'remarked that “it was necessary to send
Dan to school, to make him equal to the rest of the
bovs.” * * * # # * *
Let me- not conclude, my friends, without speak
ing of a still more endearing: aspect of Mr. Webster’s
character, I mean the warmth and strength of his
kindly natural affections. The greatest sympathies
of a true generous spirit were as strongly developed
in him as the muscular powers of his frame or the
capacity of bis mighty intellect. In all the gentle
humanities of life he had the tenderness of a woman.
He honored his parents, he loved brother and sister
and wife and child, he cherished friend and neighbor,
the companions ofboyhood, townsman, aged school
master. humble dependant, faithful servant, and cul
tivated all tLe other kindly instincts, if others there
be, with the same steadiness, warmth and energy of
soul with which he pursued the great secular objects
of life. 31 ere social complacency may have a selfish
basis, but Mr. Webster’s heart was full of pure dis
interested love. Religious conviction is an act of
the understanding, but he bowed to the infinite with
the submissivenest of a child.
With what tenderness he contemplated the place
of his birth; how fondly he pointed to the site of the
humble cottage where Le first drew the breath of
life; how he valued the paternal trees that shaded
it; how his heart melted through life at the thought
of the sacrifices made by Ids aged parent—the hard
working veteran of two war--tc procure him an ed
ucation ; how he himself toiled to secure that ad
vantage to his older brother; how the
fond sympathies of husband and father; how he
sorrowed over the departed; how he planted his
grief, it I may say so. in the soil of Marshfield, in de
signating the trees by the names of his beloved son
and daughter; how beautiful the dedications in
which heTias consigned his friendships and his loves
to immortality ; how sublime and touching the pa
thos of his last farewells, how saint-like the medita
tions of Ids departing spirit—how can I attempt to
do justice to topics like these, whose sac-redness
shrinks from the most distant approach to public dis
cussion ! These were the pure fountains from which
be drew not merely the beauty but the strength of
his character, every faculty of his mind and every
-puqw>se of his will, deriving new strength and fer
vor from the warmth of his heart. But some may
ask were there no shadows upon this bright picture,
no spots upon the disc of this meridian sun ) Was
he at length
That faultless monster which the world ne'er saw,
or did he partake the infirmities of our common hu
manity. Did this great intellectual, emotional, and
physical organization, amidst the strong action and
reaction of its vast energies, its intense conscious
ness of power, its soaring aspirations, its hard strug
gles with fortune in early life, its vehement antago
nisms of a later period, the exhilarations of triumph,
the lassitude ot exertion—did it never, under the ur
-gent pressure of the interests, the passions, the exi
gences of the hour, diverge jn the slightest degree
from the golden mien in which cloi*tcred philosophy
•places absolute moral perfection i To this question,
which no one h&a a right to put but an angd—who.-o
serene vision no mote distempers—to which no ope
will expect a negative answer but a Pharisee, with
a beam in his eye big enough for the cross-tree of a
synagogue —I make no response. I confine myself
to two reflections—first, that while contemporary
merit is for the meet part drudgingly estimated, the
fault*of verv great men. placed as’ thev are upon
eminence where nothing can be concealed, and ob
jects of the most scrutinizing hostility, personal and
political, and like the spots on the sun to which 1
. have compared them, .*>< er for the most pan
J through telescopes, that magnify a hundred, a thou
j sand times : aud second, that not seldom, in refer
{ enee to questions that strongly excite the public
mind, the imputed error, is on the side of the ob
server.
We learn from the Earl of Ross, that the most djffi
cult problem in practical science is to construct a
l ens which will not distort the body which it reflects.
The highest aberration from the true curve of the
specular mirror is enough to quench the tires of Si
rius aud break the club of Hercules. The motives
aud conduct, the principles aud the characters of
men are not less likely to be mistaken than the lines
and angles of material bodies. The u-v. haritable
ness of individuals and parties will sometimes con
found a defect in the glass with the' blemish iu the
object. A fly, hatched from a maggot, in our own
brain, creeps into the tube, and straightway we pro
claim tlmt there is a monster in the heavens, which
threatens to devour the sun. Such, my friends,
most inadequately sketched, iu some ol his private
and personul relations, was Mr. Webster ; net the
jurist, not the Senator, not the Statesman, not the
orator, but the man ; and when vou add to these
amiable personal trails, of which 1 have endeavored
to enliven your recollections, the remembrance of
what he was in those great public capacities, on
which I have purposely omitted to dw ell, but which
it lias tasked the highest surviving talent to de
scribe, may we not fairly say that, in many respects,
he stood without an equal among the men of his day
and generation.
Besides his noble presence and majestic counte
nance in how many points, and those of what versa
tile excellence, he towered above his fellows! If
you desired only n companion for an idle hour, a
summer’s drive, an evening ramble, whose pleasant
conversation would charm the way, was there a man
living you would sooner have sought than him ! But
if, on the other hand, you wished to be resolved on
the most difficult point of constitutional jurispru
dence or public law, to whom would you have pro
pounded sooner than to him? If you desired a
guest for a social circle, whose very presence, when
ceremony is dropped and care banished, gave life
and cheerfulness to the board, would not your
thought, while he was with us, have turned to him !
And if your life, your fortune, your good name were
in peril, or you wished for a voice of patriotic ex
hortation to ring through the land, or it the great in
terests of the country were to be explained and vin
dicated in the Semite or the Cabinet, or if the wel
fare of our beloved native laud, the union of the
States, peace or war with foreign powers, all that is
dear aud important for yourselves and your children
were at stake, did there live the man, nay, did there
ever live the man, with whose intellect to conceive,
whose energy to enforce, whose voice to proclaim
the right, you would have rested so secure. And if
through the “cloud” of party opposition, sectional
prejudice, personal “ detraction,” and the military
availabilities will catch the dazzled fancies of men,
We could have “ploughed liis way,” at the meridian
of his life and the maturity of his faculties, to t hat
position which his talents, his patriotism, and his
public service, so highly merited, would he not, be
yond all question, have administered the govern
ment with a dignity, a wisdom, and a fidelity to the
Constitution not surpassed since the days of Wash
ington ? Two days before the decease of Daniel
Webster, a gentle and thoughtful spirit touched to
“thefinest issues,” (Rev. I)r. Frothinghain) who
knew and revered him (as who that truly knew him
did not)contemplating the setting sun as he “shed
his parting smile’’ on the mellow skies of October,
and anticipating that a brighter sun was soon to set,
which could rise no more on earth, gave utterance to
his feelings in a cluiste and elevated strain, which, I
am sure, expresses the feelings of all present:
Sink thou autumnal sun!
The trees will miss the radiance of thine eye,
Clad in their Joseph coat of many a dye,
The clouds will miss thee in the fading sky
But now in other climes thy race must run,
This day of glory done.
Sink, thou of nobler light !
The land will mourn thee in its darkling hour,
Its heavens grow gray at tliy retiring power,
Thou shining orb of miml, thou beacon tower !
Be thy great memory still a guardian might
When thou art gone from sight.
Speeches were also made by Hon. Rulus "Choate,
Geo. S. Ilillard and others, and the festival was pro
longed till a late hour.
Chief Justice Bumpkin* Tribute to Judge Ber-
Chief Justice Lumpkin, of the Supiv.m Court yes
terday paid the following tribute to the late Hon. .J.
M. Barren:
This Court receives the proceeding of the Bar, iu
regard to the late lion. John Mucphersou Berrien,
with profound emotion. We cordially unite with the
Bar and the people of the whole State in expression
of deep regret, for his death, in admiration oi his ta
lents—his patriotism and private virtues.
This is not the occasion—nor is it for me to con
sider and discuss at length the character and merits
of the deceased. The perfomance of that duty, with
in which the Bar of this place lifts appropriately
charged itself, must be deferred to another oppoi tu
ity; and Ims been, or will be, committed to abler
hands. And this is right. This community, who
knew his manner of life from his youth up, saw him
face to face for fifty years and more, in the able and
faithful performance of his various duties; audit is
for them to appreciate fully nil his worth, find to
dwell with melancholy affection upon his transcen
dent excellencies.
But the whole State has sustained an irreparable
loss. Wbo in Georgia has attained to his full statue ?
As a lawyer and a citizen, who will dispute with
him the premiership ? What completness and li.ar
mony ox organization of the mental, moral and phy
sical nature! He aimed at noble ends, and pu sued
them by none other than honorable means. What
ever he attempted he did well. Nothing lmlf-done
ever came from his hands ; for as uncommon ns
were his great abilities, his industry was still more
extraordinary.
Who can estimate the impulse and advance which
lie gave to the cause of legal learning in this city and
circuit, and through the laud ? Reference lias been
made to his service in the councils of the nation.—
Permit me to say, upon competent authority, that his
constitutional arguments iu the Senate of tfie United
States were exhaustive of the subjects which lie dis
cussed ; and that on such occasions, no member was
referred to more in that body. His logic was the
clearness of the perfect day, approaching the cer
tainty of mathematical demonstration.
Judge Berrien was a striking example of the love
of the law, supposed by so many not to be altogether
lovely; and bis attachment, instead of wavering,
seemed to wax wanner and warm cr u n< I er t lie press ure
of superadded years. Hence liis brilliant find tri
umphant success. He had many cotempornries fit
the Supreme Court liar of the Union. Johnson, of
Maryland; Badger, of North Carolina; Crittenden,
of Kentucky, and such like ; but yet we may say,
that while thinking of these gifted men, we feel ne w
and increased pride in the consummate lawyer whom
we have lost. Had lie been placed upon the Bench
of that Court, for the hardships of which lie was so
pre-eminently qualified, his judicial fame would have
keen measured by that of Mansfield and Eldcn, and
Stowell, of England; and Marshall and Kent, and
Story iu this country.
But our father and friend is gone. He has taken
his place high in the same firmament whence beam
the milder glories of the beloved and lamented
Charlton. His race is run. His course is finished.
For him, earth has no longer any future, lie is
beyond chance. His home is Heaven.
Is it not well with him? lie died liappy and in
the bosom of his family, full of years and full of hum
ors. His bright sun has set.* Far above us—he
dwells iu a world where there is no night!
The lust time I saw Judge Berrien was under my
own roof—the sunshine of the festive circle, and
seeming to “breathe a second spring.” But we
shall see him no more in the flesh. How difficult
to realize this sad truth i Seek him at the domestic
hearth, the office, the Court room, the Cabinet
Council, the Senate Chamber, the Sanctuary, and
the solemn responce from each is, “he is not here,
he is risen.”
We shall never again witness the illumination of
tlmt countenance, which, when lighted iu the glow
of his mind, was almost supernatural. We shall no
more listen to the silvery eloquence of those lips,
“upon which the bees of Hybla might have rested.”
But we forbear. The theme is exhaustless. That
deep feeling of sorrow should be entertained, when
one thus virtuous and accomplished is stricken down
by death, is natural ; and that an expression of
those feelings and a just tribute of regard for the
deceased, should be preserved on the records of this
Court, of which lie was so distinguished an orna
ment, is most meet and proper. We, therefore,
order the resolutions to be entered of record; and,
that the Court do adjourn for the day.
A Tribute of Respect to the Hon. J. 31. Berrien*
Muscogee Superior Court, >
December Term, l$. r >"». \
At the opening of the Court, at its present Term,
Col. Seaborn Jones, in appropriate terms, announ
ced the recent decease- of the Honorable John Mac
pherson Berrien, and moved the Court for the
appointment of a Committee to prepare and report
a suitable Preamble and Resolutions in relation to.
the character and memory of the deceased. Where
upon, the Court appointed a Committee, consisting
ot Col. Seaborn Jones, Col. Hines Holt, and Judge
G. E. Thomas. The Committee on a subsequent
day of said Court, made, by Judge Thomas, the fol
lowing report, which was adopted, ordered to be
entered on the minutes of the* Court, and a copy
transmitted to the family of the deceased, os reques
ted by the Committee:
The Committee to whom was referred the duty
of preparing and reporting a suitable Preamble and
Resolutions relative to the decease of the Hon
orable John Macpherson Berrien, respectfully re
port, that—
Another, and another, and then another of Geor
gia’s distinguised and honored citizens, have, with
in a short interval of each other, been cut down by
death’s relentless hand. A Charlton, u Colquitt, and
a Berrien, have trod close oik* upon the other, in
their exit to the spirit world. The State and the
country, the city and the hamlet, friend and ac
quaintance, have all heard the startling knell as it
rang along the coasts and up the valleys and was
echoed back again from the mountain tops—
“ The mighty are fallen !
The godly man ceaseth."
Who that has ever seen the graceful form ot John
M. Berrien; who, that has ever listened to his chaste
and commanding eloquence, can refuse him the tri
bute of his admiration, or refrain from participa
ting in the general grief for his death ? lie was a
strilring example of what study and system can
achieve : of what a life of application and labor can
accomplish.
We. his brethren, who have so often seen and
heard him, and felt the subduing power of his ora
tor}', delight to honor one who exalted his profession
by * learning and adorned it by his talents ; 'who
won. bv Lis courtesy, no less than by his attain
ments, the esteem and good opinion of all who knew
him. The Parlor had not a more perfect gentle
man—the Court a brighter star—the Senate a more
brilliant sun.
Having fillied up the measure of his usefulness
and fame, when the summons came (which must
come to all) he died in the possession of all his facul
ties : in the city of his adoption, in the State for
whose welfare and honor lie had spent the ener
gies of his youth and the vigor of his manhood; full
of faith anti full of hope, discoursing wisely on the
future state. Such a man is a blessing to the world ;
such a life is without reproach ; such a death with
out fear! Therefore—
-Ist. Resolved, That we, the members of the Bar
of the Chattahoochee Circuit, desirous of comming
ling our sympathies with those of his more immediate
friends, do cherish, in common with them and the
whole community, the memory and the fame of our
most worthy and truly distinguished brother, John
McPherson’Berrien, and that we regard his death,
not less a loss to his family, the legal profession and
the State, than to the whole country.
2d. Resolved, That we sincerely*condole with his
deeply afflicted, bereaved family, in this severe dis
pensation.
3d. Resolved, That these Resolutions be entered
on the Minutes of this Court, a copy of the same l>e
made out and forwarded by the Clerk to the familv
of the deceased : and a copy furnished to eaeh <if
the public gazettes in the city of Columbus for pub
lication.
Foreign Paupers rend Criminal- .—Foreign gov
ennnenis still continue to send their pa up* n* and
criminals to our shores. According to the message
of the Governor of Massachusetts, thirteen hundred
and eighty pauper-, many of them criminals, have
keen sent back to Europe during the last year, from
that Sate alone. The Governor says that if tills
course had not been pursued, it is believed that eve
ry one of those persons would now be inmates of
the State institutions, at a cost of at least one hun
dred thousand dollars per annum. The laws on this
subject should be rigidly enforced in every i&tate
ana our country not allowed to be made the recep
j tacie of the vicious, the degraded, and the fnsane,
1 whom foreign parsimony and cruelty deliberately
l and unfeelingly send over here.
■ Hallway Statistic*.
j Mr. Manager Watkyns made a speech at a meet
ing recently held of the representatives of the English
railways, in the course of which, dwelling upon this
point of safety, he remarked:
“Those present represent a capital of £300,000,-
000, employ more than 90,000 men, and administer a
revenue of £20,000,000 annually. In regard to the
safety of railway travelling, he had often thought
that if a person wanted to be in the safest place iu
this world he should enter a first-class railway ear
and never leave it. In 1854 the English railways
earned 1 11.000,000 passengers; the number killed by
accidents beyond their own control was twelve.
Those 111,000,000 travelled about fifteen miles each;
hence a man mustiriake fi*om ten to eleven journeys
travelling between 150 and 160 millions miles; and
that would take, lie calculated, between two and
three thousand years before a fatal accident might
be expected to befall him. Now, I challange com
parison in point of safety between railway travelling
and that of any other mode of travelling or any other
avocation whatever.”
Imposing ns are these statistics of British railroad
ing, when they are compared with the results at
tained on the older and better American roads, the
superiority of the latter iu safety, economy, and
profit is manifest—the New* York Central particular
ly. _ Its gross receipts during the last year were
$6,563,581, equal to 27 per cent, per annum on its
capital stock, and to 17 percent.on its founded debt
and capital stock united. On the English roads the
annual revenue is £20,000,000 sterling, which on its
£300,000,000 capital is but 6.66 per cent, per an
num.
The English railways give employment to 90,000
men—that is one man for every £3,333 (about $15,-
000) of the capital; and, the revenue resulting from
tut* employment being £20,000,000, each man on an
average avails the company employing him £222,
SG6 annually. Now, the New York Central road,
the cost and equipment of which is $28,523,913,
employs about 4,219 men; that is one man for every
$6,/60 of the money invested; aud, the annual
revenue being, as 5tated,56,563,571, the average of
each employees availability to the company is $1,555
per annum.— Albany Evening Journal.
Texn* aud Mexican Items.
The Brownsville Flag of the 29th December,
says .*
Last Sunday, at 12 o’clock, we were visited with
a norther which lasted until Thursday morning.
1 here has not been experienced such cold weather
since 1850. The thermometer fell to 30°, and ice
formed an inch and a half thick. All the orange,
lemon, tig and other froit trees have been nipped,
and our market is perfectly destitute of garden
vegetables.
J ‘l >■ steamer Runchero on her Inst trip, brought
‘.own some tall specimens of sugar cane, some of
wmch measured fifteen and twenty feet, mid had
from twenty to thirty well matured joints. We
have been informed that Mr. John Young, nil eu
terpi ising merchant of this eitv, who lias u sugar
plantation on the river soine'fifty miles above,
has at length succeeded in making excellent sugar.
. Brwnsville, Jan. 8,1855.
Business is still dull here in the retail line, but the
lai ge dealers arc doing a big business, aud have no
trouble in getting their goods through.
Everything is very flourishing in Monterey. The
city Ims doubled in population since the war, and it
is now the most prosperous place on the frontier. A
gentleman who has just returned from there says
improvements are going up all over the city, They
have had good crops, aud all kinds of provisions are
plentiful.
H is said in Matamoros that Garza has married a
wcathy lady of Tampico. He and Vidaurri are be
ginning to understand one another and are working
more together. Garza has come out in favor of re
ligious toleration, and has published an article upon
tin- subject in the Tamaulipiea of Tampico. The
pc-ij.ie ot this frontier still fear Uraga and the old
central or church party, and seem to think the revo
lution is not ended yet.
Lu.- t night there was a grand ball in Matamoros
given by Gen. Garcia. It was very generally at
tended by (lie elite of both cities, ancF everything
passed off well. -
W <* have had the coldest weather that has been
experienced here in twenty years. There Ims been
a continuous Norther since the22d of December,
with two intermissions of a day and a half each
time. Several nights we hud ice an inch in thick
iii Much shrubbery has been destroyed by the
intense cold.
110 ! FOR THE Noth Pole Again.— Scarcely
ha ve Dr. Kane and his men dropped their bear
skins and got comfortably warm before another ex
ploration of the forbidding regions of the North is
earnestly talked of. The facts aud observations of
Dr. Kane m reference to the great open sea beyond
the ice region, meagre us they necessarily are, have
excited great interest among scientific men. What
has heretofore been suggested by u few is now con
sidered pretty well established—that there is a vast
op< a sea at the North, commencing at about 80°
and probably extending to the pole. Dr. Kane tes
tifies that the temperature of the ah* rose as lie ap
proached this sea ; that its water was warmer than
the ocean lurther south; ducks, seals, and herbifer
ous animals were abundant about it ; and that
strong winds from the North brought no floating ice
to its shores. The inference is that the pole is not,
us we have supposed, the centre of frigidity, but
that the coldest point is some fifteen degrees or more
south ot it, and that the temperature at the pole is
comparatively mild. There is in this a curious ana
logy wit li the tact that the circle of h ighest heat does
not coincide with the equator, as wc should natural
ly expect, and us the ancients believed, hut more
nearly with the bells of the tropics, while the mean
animal temperature of the equatorial belt is consi
derably below that of the summer heat of the tro-
Pics- #
\ arums theories are already earnestly discussed by
the Bayuns to account for the open sea at the North
|x>lc. I I umboldt long ago suggested that the internal
heat of the earth is discharged at the poles. The
question is, shall the truth be sought by another Arc
tic expedition ! It will cost treasure, and probably
human life, but curiosity, so far from being appeased,
h only stimulated by the result of previous researches,
it is suggested that, by pursuing a more easterly
route, many of the perils hitherto encountered would
lie avoided, and that with the experience of the past
the voyage might now he undertaken with a fair pros
pect ot safety and success. Rash and futile as the
enterprise appears to prudent men, we have little
doubt that it will be attempted, and by Americans,
v, ho will not allow any body to take from them the
n ,UC * H °* scientific discovery.— Spring-
Tlie Paris correspondent of the New York Even
ing Post, gives the following account of the pre
parations that have been made for the assault on
Constradt:
“ In the formidable preparations for this expedi
tion England will provide the materials for the at
tack, while France will furnish the army, which will
consist ot fifty thousand men, and will be increased
to sixty thousand by the addition of ten thousand
Sardinians. It is generally thought that General
Cunrobert will be placed at the head of the invading
forces.
’‘They have balls which will penetrate granite
Avails at the distance of one and a half leagues. The
covering of the gun-boots is also proof against the
balls of the enemy, which, striking repeatedly in the
same place, produce merely a slight scratch. ‘ Better
still, they have discovered away of making the
whole battery of a hundred and twenty guns ship,
larboard or starboard, as well as of the gun-boats,
beur upon one place at the same moment. Conse
quently, unless Russia has been enabled to collect
lhe means of defence on a like formidable scale,
England relies upon destroying Cronstradt by next
Juno; France will complete the work, and all will be
ready to march upon St. Petersburg. This, indeed,
is merely their expectation, but lam bound to add
that it is not entirely without foundation.”
Novel Accident. —About one o’clock on Wednes
day night last, the fine omnibus and team belong
ing to Mr. \V. M. Matthews, of this city, came in
lrom the railroad depot. The driver stopped at the
Pike House, left his horses standing while he went
in to warm, but neglected to tie them. The intense
cold caused the annimals to become restive and
they started off; soon after which, owing to some
cause or other, the B camphene lamps fell and bursted,
setting tin* omnibus on fire. The horses ran to
wards the Illinois central depot at full speed, the
vehicle flaming behind them, and soon entered
the open prairie north of the city, where they had
an “open sea” and fair run for a distance ot four
miles, when they were arrested in their career at
the residence of Mr. Birney. The horses were not
materially injured, but the bed of the bus was en
tirely destroyed by the flames. Damage some
three or four hundred^dollars. — Bloomington, (111.)
Flag , l lth.
Direct Steam Communication Between Ireland
and America. —We find the following announce
ment in the Cork Examiner;
“It is with the utmost pleasure we feel authorized
to announce that it is the intention of a company of
high mercantile position, to establish aline of steam
vessels which will ply regularly between Cork and
New York. It is intended that these steamers thall
sail once a week for New York, with passengers and
merchandise.”
The. London Times, though no friend to the Uni
ted States, tells some strong truths in relation to our
country. Would to heaven the following para
graph from a late powerful editorial article of that
paper were less true than it unquestionably is :
America is a great Alsatia, in which political refu
gees and criminals guilty of less honorable offenses
find shelter and welcome. By the singularity of her
law of naturalization, the man who entered her ter
ritory as a refugee may, in two or three years, as
pire to the dignity of a citizen or a legislator. Were
th<- English law similar to that of the States,M. Vic
tor Hugo might now be contesting with Sir Charles
Napier the representation of Southwark, and Citizen
Pyat aspiring to become the colleague of Hay ter for
the borough of Wells. Thus it comes to pass that
adventurers of every description—French Socialists
and Jacobins, Italian, Red Republicans, Hungarians
and Poles, driven into frantic hatred of all govern
ment by Austrians or Russian tyranny—refugees
from every country in Europe, and adventurers, pi
rates, ana filibusters from every’ country in trie
world, and last, though not least, our own Uni
ted Irishmen—all find themselves received into the
governing class, and treated as if they possessed
sympathy for the interests, and an honest wish for
the dignity and prosperity of the great Republic.
Butjn the votes that they give, the speeches they
deliver, and the parties they form, these men are
really thinking not of the country tney have adopt
ed, but the land they have left— not how to benefit
their friends in America , but hoic to avenge them
selves on their enemies in Europe.
A Winter Jgtndseanc in Russia. —Nothing inter
esting presenting itself, we traveled onward, through
town- and villages, and over a dreary country', ren
dered many times more so by the season. All around
was n vast wintry flat ; and frequently not a ves
tige of man or cultivation was seen, not even a solita
ry tree to break the boundless expanse of snow.—
Indeed, no idea can be formed of tLe immense plains
we traversed, unless you imagine yourself at sea,
far, far from the sight of land. The Arabian deserts
cannot be more awful to the eye than the appear
ance of tliis scene. Such is the general aspect of the
country during the rigors of a winter, with now and
then an exception of a large forest skirting the hori
zon for a considerable length of way. At intervals
as you shoot along, you see openings among its
lofty trees, from which emerge picturesque groups
of natives and their one horse whereon are
placed the different articles of commerce, going to
various parts of the empire. They travel in vast
numbers and from all quarters, seldom fewer than
one hundred and fifteen in a string, having a driver
to every seventh horse. The effect of this cavalcade
ut a distance is very curious ; and in a morning, as
they advance toward you, the scene is as beautiful
as .-triking. The sun then rising throws his rays
acr* tLe snow, transforming it to the sight into a
surface of diamonds. From the cold oi the night
every man and horse is encrusted with these frosty
particles ; and tin- beams falling cm them, too, seem
to cover their rude faces and rugged habits with a
tissue of the most dazzling brilliants. The manes
of the horses, and the king beards of the men, from
ti.e quantity of congealed breath, have a particular
ly glittering effect.
Bridal Pr.EiENTs.—A correspondent of the
Charleston Courier, writing from New York says :
An aggregate of $26,000 is said to have been
trinket ed in to the daughter of ex Mayor Mickle, on
her marriage to a son of ex-Mavor Lawrence. I
saw, only this morning, at Bail, Black A Co.’s an
$5,500 diamond necklace, just mounted as a bride's
present; also, a brooch, at Tiffany &l Co.’s, costing
$4,000, intended as a present to another bride. This
is about up to the Babylonian mark.
VOL. LXX—NEW SERIES VOL. XX. NO. 5.
COMMIINICATIONS.
Forthe Chronicle Sentinel.
Edgefield & Aimusia Railroad.
Mr. Editor :—I noticed in a recent number of
the “ Constitutional Ut ,” a communication signed
“Observer” calling attention to the fact that the
Legislature of South Carolina lmd, at its last session,
granted a perpetual charter for building a Railroad
from Augusta via Edgefield C. 11., to any point on
the Greenville &: Columbia Railroad in South Caro
lina. It is also known that the Legislature of that
State at the same session, granted an amendment to
the charter of the Savannah Valley Railroad Compa
ny, giving them permission under certain condi
tions, to cross at Bull Sluice, and build their Road
from Anderson C. H., S. C., to Augusta. So that
Augusta now has two projects offered for extending
her system of Railroads into the interior of South
Carolina. If our city be wise, she will use every
exertion to have both these Roads built into Caro
lina. But if she cannot construct both of them, and
must needs select between them, I wish to present a
few thoughts why our town ought to give the pre
ference to the Edgefield Road.
1. It is the shortest connection that Augusta can
form with the great Rabun Gap Railroad, by a small
on the part of the City. I am informed
by reliable authority, that the Road can easily be
built, if Augusta xvill aid the friends of the measure
in South Carolina, by a subscription of $250,090,
whereas, at least half a million of city funds, wil
be necessary to secure the construction of the Sa
vammh Valley Road.
2. The distance from Augusta to Anderson by the
Edgefield Road, via New Market, is but five, gr at
most but seven miles further, than by the Valley
Road, and Augusta can thus connect with the Ra
bun Gap Road $250,000 cheaper than sho can by
the Valley Road.
3. The proposed Edgefield Road would not only
bring us groceries and provisions from the West,
but it would also fetch us a vast deal of cotton,
which is now sold at Abbeville C. 11., Laurens C.
H., Newberry C. H., and at Columbia. This cotton
would necessarily find its way to Augusta by the
Edgefield Road, because we can and do always give
ware for cotton than any interior market in South
Carolina, because we have choice of tiro seaports,
aud can forward produce with greater certainty ,
cheapness and dispatch , than any inland town of
South Carolina, (except Hamburg.) by reason of the
fact, that competition among the Mice routes from
this place to Charleston and Savannah, enables us
to send the same article from Augusta to the sea
board for fifty per cent, less freight, than has to be
paid on it from Columbia to Charleston.
4. The Edgefield Road might be built to New
berry C. H., and thence to Chester C. 11., as there
is now a charter for a Railroad from the former to the
latter place ; and when the connection is made be
tween Greensboro’, N. C., and Danville, Vu., Au
gusta will then have two rival routes for the great
Northern and Southern trade and travel, passing
through her limits. The Edgefield Road being the
shorter and the more direct of the two routes, ns
well as running farthest from the Southern Atlantic
cities, would necessarily get most of the business.
This Edgefield Road would restore the great North
ern and Southern trade and travel to the identical
channel, which it followed previous to the day of
Railroads.
5. If the Edgefield Railroad be built to Newberry
C. 11., it will there connect with the Laurens Road
also, which will undoubtedly be extended some day,
either to Spartanburg or Greenville C. H., from one
of which places the long talked of French Broad
Road will certainly be built before many yeans.—
The people of East Tennessee and Western North
Carolina, as well as those of Greenville and Spartan
burg Districts in South Carolina, arc now agitating
the subject, and meet with considerable encourage
ment. Besides, if the Edgefield Road be continued
from Newberry C. 11. to Chester C. H., under the
existing charter, it will likewise intersect the Spar
tanburg and Union Road, which is now being built.
So that, if the Edgefield Road were built from Au
gusta to Chester, our town would be connected by
direct communication with the Greenville and Co
lumbia Railroad, the Rabun Gap Road, the French
Broad Road, (should it ever be built,) the Laurens
Rood, the Spartanburg and Union Rond, and the
Charlotte Road, all at a point above Columbia.
6. Augusta now gets most of the produce of the
Savannah Valley, by the River and Cuncl. There
fore, the Valley Railroad would only bo valuable to
her, as a connecting link with the Rabun Gap Road,
which will not be completed in many years, and per
haps never, as that Road has to be built over a very
rugged country, through tunnels that will cost untold
millions, and the State of South Carolinu may abandon
the enterprise. It is an undertaking by the Slate
and the city of Charleston. The former has one mil
lion of subscription in it, and Ims indorsed the bonds
of the company for another million. The city of
Charleston also has a million of stock in it, while pri
vate individuals own but about half a million of its
stock. The Rabun Gap project met with very for
midable opposition in South Carolina, and that oppo
sition is increasing instead of diminishing, from the
fact that the people of Carolina are now being heav
ily taxed to pay interest on the State bonds which
were issued to procure the million of money that the
State subscribed. It is absolutely certain that the
State will have to grant more aid to the Rabun Gap
Company, or the Road will never be completed; and
from appearances, the planters will not submit to
have their taxes raised still higher, especially as
South Carolina is at present engaged in erecting a
very costly State House, which must be built by is
suing other bonds to an amount exceeding a million,
and taxing the people to pay the interest on them,
and some day to redeem the principal. I was told,
recently, by a distinguished Carolinian, that he had
serious fears of the Rabun Gap Road being aban
doned, and that he thought the people would turn
their attention to the French Broad Road, which
has always been the route to the west most favored
by South Carolina. But North Carolina steadily re
fused, for many years, to grant a charter to the
French Broad Road, and South Carolina only adopt
ed the Rabun Gap project as a lust chance to connect
with the West. There is a strong party, however,
in Carolina, anxious to build both roads; and the
proposed Edgefield Road would connect Augusta
with the Rabun Gap or the French Broad route,
whenever either or both should be built. The
French Broad Road must, in the nature of things,
be completed some time as there is now a charter
for the whole of it, and Augusta will be blind to her
interest, if she fails to throw out her arms to intersect
all the Carolina roads above Columbia.
7. If Augusta subscribesssoo,ooo to the Vullley
Road, she will have to give a bonus, perhaps, of
SIOO,OOO to the Rabun Gap Road, or take stock in
that Road to the extent of a half, or whole million,
for the privilege of ferming a connection at Ander
son C. 11.
8. If Augusta fails to get the Edgefield Road con
necting her with Chaster C. H. direct, another road
will surely be built from Atlanta or Washington iu
Georgia, to Anderson or Abbeville C. H., in Caro
lina, and thence to Chester C. 11., or to Charlotte in
N. C., thus carrying business above, not through
our city. The people in the upper part of Georgia
and South Carolinu are now agitating the subject of
constructing a road, North and South, through
the two States, above Augusta. Again, the North
Eastern Road in South Carolina, and the Charleston
and Savannah Road will both soon be completed,
by means of which, another great route of Northern
and Southern trade and travel will pass beloto Au
gusta. The Edgefield Road will be the most direct
route from Richmond, Va., through the vary centre
of the States, going South. This Edgefield Road,
therefore, offers more inducements to Augusta,
than any Road which she could possibly build, and
I earnestly hope that her people will reflect long be
fore they reject the Edgefield for the Valley Road.
Enterprise.
For the Chronicle 4* Sentinel.
Wlui riN Mr. Hinquefleld’i* Powilion ?
Mr. Editor: —lt is generally a conceded point,
that the people should know the true position of their
public men. The position of the Representatives
from Jefferson, Messrs. Patterson and Sinquefield,
not being fully defined, Mr. Patterson asserting that
he did not expect to vote for either of the candi
tes for Governor, but that if he voted he should
vote for Mr. Johnson. Since the election, having fully
identified himself with the Democratic Anti-Ameri
can Party, affiliating with them in every instance,
we let him go by the board. As to Mr. Siuquefield,
his position was understood differently before the
election, he declared that he would not vote for Mr.
Johnson, making good his declaration by voting for
Mr. Overby, and as was generally understood, was
open in his avowals, that he was not identified in
any way with the Democrats, nor had any allince
with them. From this consideration, the American
Party appointed him a delegate to the convention
in Milledgeville, on the 20th of December last, not
doubting that he would heartily co-operate with
them—until a card appeared in the Daily Chronicle
Sc Sentinel of* the 11th November, ever the signa
ture of William Sinquefield, to this effect :
I take this occasion to say that I am not now nor
ever have been, a member of the Know Nothing or
so-called American Party, having no sympathy for
nor party allince with it in any manner whatever,
and shall most respectfully decline any action with
such Convention. Please give this an insertion
in your paper, and oblige
William Sinquefield.
After this open and manly avowal on the part of
Mr. Sinquefield, he is most respectfully called on
through the medium of the public press, to state as
openly and as manly, who and what party he has
alliance with, and with whom ho is identified and
affiliating. Respectfully,
A Voter.
Recorder please copy.
Mail Failures.
Athens, Jan. 21,1856.
Mr. Editor: —As the mails are so irregular in
bringing the Daily Constitutionalist and Chronicle
to this office, I have been induced to keep an ac
count thereof, which you have below, and which
please publish, as I hope some of your readers mny
beable to account for the frequent failures :
Saturday, Jan. s—No papers.
Monday, “ 7—Several back papers.
Tuesday, “ B—Nopapers.
Wednesday, Jan. 9—Paper of Btli.
Thursday, “ 10—No paper.
Friday, “ 11—Several back papers.
Saturday, “ 12—No papers.
Monday, “ 14—One paper.
Tuesday. “ 15—No papers.
Wednesday, 44 10—One paper.
Thursday, “ 17—No paper.
Friday, “ 18—One paper.
Saturday, “ 19—One paper.
During the time, I hava beard of no failure of the
cars betweei Athens and Augusta. These failures
are exceedingly annoying to the patrons of both pa
per*, as well M your Subscriber.
AuffUNtn Pom Office.
Mk. Edit on: Please favorme with space in your
columns to state, in reply to the communication of
“Subscriber,” in your issue of yesterday, that on
two of the days referred to by him, the mails fur
Athens were not sent, for the reason stated by me in
my communication of Saturday last. In some in
stances the. papers were not brought to the office in
time, or were placed near the door outside of the
office. Our newspaper distributor admits his de
fault on two mornings. The bags are closed about
twenty minutes before six o'clock, A. M. Some
little allowance ought to be mude for two omissions,
owing to the extreme severity of the weather for the
past two or three weeks. lam pleased at the effort
of “Subscriber” to produce reform where it is need
ed, and will not fail to co-operate W’ithhimand
others in bringing it about. I will feel indebted to
any one for information of failures in the mails when
they occur. That is the best way to correct such
evils, for the cause of them can be inquired into
without delay, and speedily remedied.
Respectfully * &c.,
James M. Smythe, P. M.
Correspondence of the Baltimore American.
THIRTY-FOURTH CONOR ESS—-I m Session.
Washington, Jan. 19.—The Senate was notin
session to-day.
HOUSE.
Mr. Clingman offered a resolution that during the
roll-call in voting for Speaker, no debate or personal
explanation shall be in order ; and the rule limiting
members to ten minutes in debate shall not be sus
pended except by unanimous consent of the House,
lie thought that the House hud degenerated into a
mere debating society. Voting would be more like
ly to result in an election than discussion, because
the latter only served to inhume parties and fac
tions, thus increasing the difficulty. .
Mr. Quitman defended the South, and replied to
the remarks of Mr. Grow, recently delivered.
Mr. Grow, in response, justified the North in its
efforts to prevent the spread of slavery.
Mr. Colfax gave a brief supplementary history of
the plurality rule, which was adopted in 1849, and
which resulted in the election of Mr. Cobb, of Geor
gia, to the Speakership. He referred to the record
to show, that, at that time, of the nine several pro
positions for the adoption of the plurality rule, eight
were offered by democrats, and one from the whig
side. The. democratic party, in 1849, claimed to
have a majority in the House, but a small portion
refused to co-operate with the majority of their
brethren. Just so it now was with the Republicans,
and therefore Mr. Colfax contended that they should
have a like benefit of a plurality rule.
Mr. Bocock, having been alluded to by the gen
tleman, said that he had merely voted against lay
ing the proposition for a plurality vote (in 1849) on
the table. If the squabble were* now between the
old national democratic party, and the old national
whig partv, lie might be induced to vote for such a
mode of electing a Speaker ; but the whig party was
clean, as pure as snow, compared with the cninson
guilt, politically, of the Republican party. He could
not now vote for the plurality rule, without indirect
ly contributing to the election of a man who repre
sents a party which maintains that freedom is nation
al and slavery merely sectional.
Mr. lluiuprev Marshall replied to a portion of
the remarks ot Mr. Grow, saying that Mr. Clay,
of Kentucky, not only opposed the Missouri re
striction, but spoke of it us an act of injustice to the
South.
Mr. Harris, of Illinois, remarked that the asser
tion of Mr. Grow, that Mr. Clay favored the restric
tions was not correct; and in addition to recorded
evidence, he referred to a living witness, General
Jeßup, who was present when the subject was un
der discussion, and took notes of the debate of
those times.
Mr. Grow, responding, said that Mr. Clay voted
for the line of 36° 3Cr, and referred to Mr. Clay’s
speech in the Senate, pending the Compromise mea
sures of 1850, us in proof of the fact.
Mr. Savage made a statement in relation to the
reasons which have heretofore and now control his
conduct. In 1849, he voted for the plurality rule, be
cause he thought t he effect would be to elect Mr. Cobb,
of Georgia, Speaker, and in this he did not mistake.
But lie would not vote for the rule now, because its
adoption would elect Mr. BankH, whose political
principles were dangerous to the Union, and be
cause he would not do indirectly what he would not
do directly.
After further debate on the subject of slavery and
on that of the plurality rule,
Mr. Clingman offered n resolution—tlint, for one
week, unless a Speaker shall sooner be elected, no
debate shall be in order, unless by unanimous con
sent.
The resolution was adopted—yeas 119, nays 74.
The House then adjourned.
IN SENATE Jan. 21.
Petitions were presented from the retired and dis
missed officers of the Navy, complaining of the ac
tion of the Navy Board.
Mr. Bell, of Tennessee, said that while he approved
generally of the action of the Board, he thought that
Lieut. Maury’s eminent services should have ex
empted him from the sentence which he considers a
mark of degradation.
Mr. Mallory said that Lieut. Maury had been as
signed a position on shore at his own request.
Mr. Bell argued that Lieut. Maury served nearly
ten years at sea, and was entitled to consideration
accordingly.
Several Senators entered into a discussion ns to
the proper remedy for the mistakes which the Navy
Board have committed.
The Senate, then, after an executive session, ad
journed.
HOUSE.
Mr. Boyce made an ineffectual motion to rescind
the resolution prohibiting debate except by unani
mous consent for one week, unless a Speaker bo
sooner elected.
Mr. Faulkner offered a resolution in effect that un
less a Speaker shall be elected by Monday next, the
members severally resign, and that, the Senate as
senting, an adjournment take place till the second
Monday of May next.
On motion, the resolution was laid on the table
yeas 111; nays 83.
The 1 louse then proceeded to vote with the follow
ing result :
Banks 92 ; Richardson f>f>; Fuller 31; Penning
ton 2; Campbell, of Ohio, 3 ; scattering 3. Whole
number of votes 197 ; necessary to a choice 99.
Mr. Sneed offered a resolution which was laid on
the table, proposing that the supporters of Mr.
Banks select and name one from among Mr. Fuller’s,
and one from among Mr. Richardson’s friends ; that
the supporters of Mr. Richardson select one from
Mr. Banks'and one from Mr. Fuller’s friends; and
that the supporters of Mr. Fuller select one from
Mr. Richardson’s and one from Mr. Banks’ friends,
the members so selected to be considered the only
candidates nominated, and the lowest on each trial
to be dropped until an election shall be effected.
The house again voted as follows :
Bunks 92; Richardson 66; Fuller 34 ; Pennington
2; Campbell, of Ohio, 3; Porter, Haven and Shor
ter 1 each. Whole number of votes 197—necessary to
a choice 99
Mr. Rust offered a resolution expressing the sense
of the House that Messrs. Banks Richardson, Fuller
and Pennington severally withdraw their names, as
this would remove certain insurmountable obstacles
to an organization ; and that the public interests
would be promoted by doing so.
Mr. Fuller said he wishea to remove one obsta
cle by now withdrawing.
Mr. Pennington remarked that this was the first
intimation on the floor that his name was in the way
of an organization of the House, nnd that he did
not. desire to stand longer in that position.
Mr Rust then withdrew his resolution.
Mr. Carlile offered aresolution that the Hon. Win.
Smith, of Virginia, be declared Speaker of the House.
Negatived, yeas 47, nays 131.
The House then adjourned.
Washington, Jan. 22.
The Senate was not in session to-day.
HOUSE.
Mr. Boyce offeredJiie following:
Resolved, That whereas our relations with Great
Britain are of the most threatening character, indi
cating that we may be on the eve of the most startling
events . and whereas it is the imperative duty of the
House at this juncture of imminent peril not to
abdicate its great mission, but to fulfil it by or
ganizing, if possible on such a basis as will give
peace to our distracted country, and enable it to
present an undivided front to the common enemy;
therefore.
Resolved, That the conservative elements of this
House should unite in a sincere effort to electa
Speaker who will represent the great ideas of
“peace for ourselves and the sword for the stran
ger.”
Mr. Stephens said he hoped the gentleman would
be permitted to state the fuels on which he made
the announcement: that we are on the eve of a war.
If so, he knew nothing about it.
Objections were made to any explanation.
On motion of Mr. Morgun, the resolutions were
tabled.
Mr. McMullen made an ineffectual effort to re
scind the resolution which precludes debate.
Mr. Tyson offered a resolution that the candidate
for Speaker who shtfll at any time hereafter receive
the highest number of votes from a quorum of mem
bers, though less than a majority of votes polled,
shall b‘- declared Speaker ; provided that he ana
each of the other candidates shall have the appoint
ment of the standing committees in proportion to the
number of votes respectively received by each; but
no candidate whose vote shall be less than 33. shull
be entitled to any appointment under the resolu
tion.
On motion the resolution was tabled, and the
House again proceeded to vote :
Banks 91; Richardson 67 ; Fuller 29 ; Campbell,
of Ohio, 3 ; Pennington, Shorter and Porter 1 each.
Necessary to a choice 98.
Two more votes were taken, the last being the
same as the first, after which the House adjourned.
Act of Excoin mu nicotian at Coblentz. —We find
in the Journal <l<- Frankfort some curious details re
lative to an “excommunication," which was on
December 12th, pronounced at Coblentz. The nar
rative is as follows:
“On Sunday we were witnesses of the ceremony
which has not been performed for centuries, viz:
An excommunication—the subject being M. Sonntag,
a merchant at Coblentz, who was divorced from his
first wife, and eight years ago was married by the
civil authorities only to his present one. sum
mer, M. Sonntag was commanded by the clergy to
separate from Ins wife, and not obeying their decree,
he was on Sunday excommunicated. Dean Kram
entW, after preaching a sermon against the civil mar
riage, put on some other sacerdotal garments, and,
accompanied by two clergymen bearing wax tapers,
read, standing m the middle of the church, the sen
tence of excommunication against M. Sonntagand his
lady. He then extinguished the tapers, saying that
the individuals named were not worthy to see the
day of the Lord, ano throwing the candlesticks to
the ground, breaking them to pieces, exclaimed,
“Let the bells sound the funeral knell!” We imme
diately heard the sound of belle and the chants for
the dead. The Dean, in conclusion, proclaimed that
no one whosoever was to hold relations with the ex
communicated, to salute them, Ac. The prohibition
has not had much for their house lias been
filled ever since with visitors, and at night they have
been serenaded.”
The Icf. Thaos.—lt is estimated by those who
are well qualified tojudge that there is now invest
ed in this single branch of business, in all parts of
the United States, between 6,000,000 and $7,000,000,
and the number of men to which it gives employ
ment during the winter months is supposed to oe
from 8,000 to 10,000. The total annual consump
tion of ice in this city alone exceeds 100,000 tons.—
This we have ascertained from careful investigation.
Boston consumes about 50,000 tons annually; aud
Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington about an
equal amount. Beside this large consumption there
is every year a large amount exported to Southern
cities. lioston exports much more than New York.
The increase of the ice trade in that city since tbo
year 1832 has been quite remarkable. In that year
the whole amount shipped was but 4,352 tons. In
the year 1853 the amount exported was 100,000, and
in 1854 156,540 Urns. One leading house alone ex
ported last year 90,540 tons. The average price of
this per ton, when sold in large quantities for ship
ment, is two dollars.— N. Y. Jour, of Commerce.
Acquittal .-—The trial ot the Rev. J. P. Hall, of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, came off in Fincastle
on the 2d ins t., closing on Wednesday, the 9th, and
resulted in the honorable acquittal of the accused
from all the charges preferred. There wore eight
•bargee brought against him,