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Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
BY WN. S. JONES
CHBCffIICLB & NE.NTINEfc.
&C.
TUk WEEa. L V
I m PuMi«ti( 4 n>i-ry
AT TWO DQLLAB3 PER ANFTU&
in advance.
TO CU BS or i:.T>rVTErAI.S - ,lii „ u*Toi
Dollar*. SIX eopi«*.*f the psp'-r rill 1 sent fijco: •
year, thu* iumudnug t3<«r pnp‘ rat th- r<f»< < 1
SIX COPIES FCE TEN DOLLARS,
<#r a free copy to a*; who rnay p. ■< r> u- I *’■ '• •>■
scriber*, an<i forvrar* lus ‘ i nunny
THE CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
DAILY AND THI-W 1.i.K1.Y,
Are also published at th<- »!m ,a i uni .
Wriko! at lu! mg r?* — i.a ii* ~ :
DAirf P a pek, if • at by mai1,... 57 r annum.
Tui-Wlkkm Papcit »
Trrnw »f Adverti-in*.
The WfcEKLi.—«*»»%.-nty-fiv.- i- r *qoa »■
10 lines or lum) for Uto f«> locution, a.-! fifty ««tr
or each subsequent in** rtion.
1856 ! THE 1856
southern n i:m \tok,
A MONTH I.V JtMKNAL,
divot ki> exclusively to the imm-o . k:*;» n j or
Southern A#r,culture. llerf ■ ,rr fin.. Hug, 9
Poultry, He.en diner. I'nnr Leono/ny, ffr.
Illustrated with Jfuroeron* Elegant Engraving*.
ONE DOLL A R A IN AD VAN* E.
DANIEL LEE, M. h am- D. REDMOND Editor
The Fourteenth Volume will ccunmence
January, 1856.
TheCi;LTIVaVok i- » lar w» . - f thirty i wope«
formitig a volume *-f ie i i»a •* - in . * .11* • *
rnn« h greater amount of rent Ir p- ra-U., Ifcen anv An
cultural Journal of the Sou* 1 -"t.-UctciMr, . . 1
all the current agrk ultural top - - • • the -my
VALi Aiuj; iui«.in vi. roN'iimirTioNs
frqfojn
Earm-rs. and IKorUculturisU hi every »• ctionofthe SotMl
and Soulhwi -t.
. > TFItMH
OVfcCO v*. 1 Vs-HT #1 . * ul'lFr. 1 year.. *=•
Mix Copies j « s}l On “ 1 “
Tin: « ahH BTSTF.M will be rigidly adhered to. and in
noinsUiLse will the paper be #« n» unl.-«, the money a<
companies the order The Hills of all cei< pavitu
BatJA received at pur, All money remitted by mail,
1 * * AdvertWineHniM
Inserted at O.n K Doij.aK p. r of twelve lines,
ea. h iitMcrUon ; one square, p-r ai.imni. Ti n Dollar*
Addre** \V*I. H. JOM'S, Aiihihh, (.«.
r» Persona who avIH act as Agents, and obtain Sul.
scribers, wiH lie furnished with the paper at Club priei
for' kau;.
PINE LAND FOR SALE.
T|lK sob-'Tiber offor* at private *al.., that tract of
I PINE LAND • n Spirit Creek in Kiclinumd eotintv,
about lu mile- from Augusta, and within two or three
miles of the Ceorg a Ha.lroad—known a.s the Hanson
survey—containing aeres, more or b-,s, and bounded
by lands of Allen King. John James. Simon Ward. Erne
line P Haynie, and others. IfnoUlisjM.sod of before the
first Tuesday in November next. I will off. r it at public
outcry on that day, at the Ijjwot Market House in An
gUHta.
Any one desiring *o purchase the tract, will pleaee ap
ply to Win. A. Walton, Esq., in Augusta.
seplH-wtf KEHE('(' A CAMFIKLI). j
FOR SALE.
I NOW offer for salemv entire River PL ANT AT ION,
VJH or 30 miles south'of Columbus, (ia .in Harbour
countv, Alx, lying on the Chattahoochee river, contain
ing ‘J4OU acres ’ PJUti in a fine stale of cultivation and
good repair. A good Water <iin an>l Fi rry across the
Chattahoochee riv» r The abov< will in* for ale nt any
lima untii - . : . »> < 1 pur
chasers. |JanMI-tf | MATTHEW AVEKETT.
PLEASE READ THIS.
'I I IVK subscriber offers fm ale his PLANTATION,
I 1 miles s K fr. u. i:.i>>vilie, in Columbia county,
containingHoo acre*. The growing crop will speak for
the fortuity of the Ijuml On the pre ini: e.s is a comforta
ble Dwelling House, with six large rooms ; also, a large
t.i.i II • . »; • 1.1. wth ua hinery
for i b>aniftg grain, aud a Bum w ith Straw (’utters, A.c .
•-.M - j i.k.-;• -ii - . ,i : m, Negro HoUWt, BOStl)
statued, with -tune anddn'ick chiiuuoy*. Ali“of which ar*t
in good^auidition
Coni, Fodder, Mules. Wagon*, Farming Implements,
Cattle, Sheep, Hogs, &«>., can be bought with the pn-nii
so«. For farther information apply to tho subscriber at
his residence, near Thomson C.. R. K. Persons wishing
to lank at the Remises, w ill find Mr. A Pullen there,
wle. will take pleasure in showing them.
Also, a LOT with a two .-lory Dwelling HOF SB uj»on
it in the village of Thomson. <*ccupied at present l*v Mrs.
E H Barnett
Persons wishing to avaO themselves of the advantage
of Mr. C. C Richards English nud Cl**- i« al Sch -01, w ill
ih> well, pert.aps, to apply early for this property.
_ aulg L. (;. NTEED.
for BaleT
f I ' HE Mlbs<TUicr «*rtrr-> tor throe PLANTATIONS
X In tin* •J.ldifirkt us Dougherty cwnu'.y ; otu* «-<>ntaLn
lng acres-KHM) , res Land, w ith good I)w el
ling and all necc>»«a»y buildings for Plan; ttion purposes.
The other containing 11'H acres—btX) aeres open Land,
with a good Dwelling and all necessary outbuildings.
The last containing fM) acres mi .1 .proved. The above
lauds are among the ch< *t t Cotton Lands In Dougher
ty county, and within >k miles of the contemplated
Southwestern Railroad The firs, two Phut tat ion* join,
and will bo soldet para tel vor together, n may bedi-ire«L
Term* liberal. JAM lib BOND.
Refer* to \\\ W. Clauvcr, Albany, (ia., Joseph Bond,
Macon, Li a. anJltim
PLANTATION FOR SALE '
aubscriber, help# «fl--»r«m >f changing hi* buai-
J[ ness, nfferti fur sale, turn of the In-.-t plan .in ,South
western Georgia. The tract contain* 1000 acres, with
about 250 acres in cultivation. About LiO acres of the
tract to the very best hammock land; the balance good
upland It lies inCalhoHu county, nj a the waters of
Cnfakamiwhatchic and Spring crci-ks, within I miles of
Gillionville. It would he a -oil ’ . atm;. fora physician.
Any one wishing to purchase, wfll find tne np<»n the
place. or can hear frorn me hv addressing me at Morgan,
Calhoun county. I " ill gi\ e ample time.
octdti'Wtf * WM, L. LAMPKIXj
VALUABLE LANDS Foe’s ALB.
UK subscriber oth rs for ,-alc dO.(« 10 acres of I. AND
Jl situated lu Lee. Baker and Dougherty counties, in
bodies of 250 to 2000 nefep each, a part of which arc im
proved and in cultivation.
Thb Lauds have bocu selected with great care, and
comprise some of the very choicest Oak and Hickory, and
Pino Laud*, in the Southern country.
Persons iuotlier parts of this a*td the adjoinitnr States,
wishing information in regard to the Lauds or the conn
try, can obtain it by addressing
W. W. CHEEVER.
rr When absent, Mr. V U. Rust will ai t as inv agent,
who can at all tunes he found at the ofiicu of Sine; A
C hoover.
Albany. Aprils, iH.'d. au2l twAwtf
TO MANUFACTURERS AND CAPITALISTS.
\I T 11.1. be sold on the first Tuesday in APRIL n< \t,
ff in the town -f Green-l*oro <;.» ,at public outcry,
unions previously disposed of at private sab-, the
GREENS BOKO'COTTON FACTORS The littilding
Is Jarge. and well suited to the purpose for which it was
erected, and is l«H-ated within one huftdivd vards of the
Georgia Railroad, wtlirwhich it i>c. tmc ted l»y a "turn
nut.’’ The machinery is all in Hue order, and capable of
turning out 2500 lbs. ot wmis,porftl.'ty. tin eii-boro' is u
very healthy towuju Middle Georgia, wher. all tite nec
essaries of life m e cheap, ;iml ten tiuu » as much cotton is
raised by the Adjacent planters as the Factory can turn
into yam, and It can he t*ni£}it gt ‘rent pee pound L
than the current prhiejn Augusta Aby . tie wishing to
inuki n profitable Investment, will do well to examine
the property, as it can bo boitjrhf privsieK at a bargain.
For particulars. apply to JOHN Cl NNINtiIIAM.
dealS-wta Greensboro'. Ga.
TO MEN OF TASTE AND CAPITAL.
irbsci-ibcr. wi>hiug to remove to Southwestern
1 (s•orgia, proposes to '.-H his place near Gave Spring,
n Vann's \ alley, Floyd county, (la., coutakiing HIT |
acres >uere or less, returned Ist quality <>ak and hickory
—tpostly of soil ami surf.n o ttot ro wash ; some lt!u acres
cleared., ad under good tillage; the remainder generally
well timbered. It has several spring- of cool blue Lime
■tone water, two constant streams, au effective water
power without dainutg, orchards of mam well selected
varieties, especially of apples, and a largo and Commodi
ous Brick Dwellbtg. surrounded by fine scenery, and
w ithin a mile of the village" long noted fV*r its educational
advantages. All who have examined the premises, con
our iu the opinion that this place combines the elements
of beauty, fertility, convenience and healthfulness to an
extent seldom. *if ever, equalled ,n this country. Hut
come ami see for yourselves, and the character, location
and resources of the placeman hsnth fail to satisfy you
that it is a No. 1 article, not subject to the fluctuations
•ftho market. For terms, apply on the premise
• W. i> I*OW DREY
Cavospring. July 10, lr-oe. iyld wtf
LAND FOR SALE.
OJ • U'RKB, more or less—l2', acres in the wxhXlk
Ail about thr* < mileafroni the eitv, ad] • miug Lands
of B l' Warren, II ML Punning A stewart and otjbors.
There is an excellent Dwelling and all necessary out
buildings on the plaeo. Also, several Springs of exc»*l
huil «;rter. anil foV health, the situation earned be snr
passed. The place " ill he sold low if ap|4i<-d for soon.
For terms. Ac . apply to A. ,1 MILLER, or
]vL> T. W . FLEMING.
FORMAN'S IRON PLOW-STOCK.
undersigned. having purrtia««Hl the icttent
to the above valuable And i*<’ ular PLOW t o the
counties of Ri«hmond. Columbia, Lincoln. Burke JetTcr
•ou. Washington, Scriven and Kmanaal. are pr* parts! to
famish it to planters at the manttfacf urn's price. T!d«
stock, which is made entirely « t « rought iron. ’.*= a Sen::.-
era invention a el has been suihneutly tested to prove
that it runs uiore steadily, breaks and pulverize- the soil
more thoroughly, oh gs lea- iu raugh land, i- in-re *u- ’.y
ft»r deep or-hallow plowing, holds the shift s
more Inniy. lasts incomparably longer, and is. iu the
end. tar cheaper than any other -:•» k ... w in v.-e. This
statement is fuilv -nstaiuetl by mtm. mtu-evn * icate< in
our jvsscwiikia tram the most practk ai and successful
planters in the country We wilt have p!* >ur»
in sanding a circular containing some ot i!..—v certificates
and. a more particular doscr.pt on of the- plan, > any
pci -ua who would like to them. We arc wil mg to
refer toaaV one who has go on i!,.- Plow a fair trial In
the Nov No. of the S -uth. a Cultlvat >r p. of. the ■ li
tor of that work says: “After giving this Ph.vr a fair
and impartial trial we ean truly *»y. tiiat we regard ft m
a most valuable improvement on all eomtnon ( wooden
impleiueuu of the kiuduow in use. r --r gv uenu cfljfh'n
cv and convenience, a> well as special adaptation to deep
tillage or •abs.viUng, we know of nothing that surpasses
it, while ou the se.>ra of economy and durability, it -is
•HofWher uarivaleL -N pi. v\ w«h which we a v fami
liar. is so well calculated ;•> res-.-: the careless and des
truc'-ve usage of Plant*u m N.-groes, and wc doubt not
that its general iutroduvUK-w would Ik' «4 err grvakdMOU
nkurbenefit to the \ .nrw,g - n r, • the S, , : h.-
»«>» is adapted, to >ir different u.irc- . r p<';nts
-—embracing every variety which a plair.. r v% ki u. ,-ti
from the beginning to the » -id ot • year Tfc« -c -hares
will be famished wah tin St.-ck. "hen -in-d ; though
any piautathm smith ean make them alter cue. sv-vkig
them.
Rights for counties, for Shops, c. - r Plantations, will
bo sold on reasonable terms Apply »* «h- Hardware
Stores m Augusta, er addre IC. ITTTEN ,v t
declb-wtf Augusta, Ga
BESSMAN S GARDEN !
• AUG TST A, GA
FpflK subscriber u*r sale a verv choice and rare
J. oalhvfi-Hs -'that iv GUN AMENTAI. PLAN 1 >. •
bra*.-tug all the finoOtd aud be-t new varic: ; *’s of Ever
blc>'mlng Rt>SE!» also, an uxtnvalu.-i ckb * ?:• of EV
ERGREENv of c\ var.etv D. r.s Ornnt. ;ai
TREKS and PI. \NTS and a > r. of GREENE
HOUSE PLANTS, uue-jea h1 in 1 >
AU orders pramptiv attended to. aud Pl.'.nt- packed to
«o any distance in safctv. Anv infora v n il. • i will
be cheerfully given. Address," J W KINSMAN
om~> Mm August* v■ a.
TOBIN S GARDEN
NOW WELL STOCKKII with a variety of
SURI B TREES. ORNAMENTAL >UIU Iks' ar.d
PLANTS. KV UK i> REE N > ...q r-»SL> v: \XT<
CLIMBERS .IKK BLE DAHLIAS HY A< INTttS smd
TULIPS, from Hoiiaad. A.-’i* lae.. .ftiKLENN
HOUSE PL ANTS, desirable f.-r T- .u;*i, and lit*R
MR PLANTS kept in Pot- fc
Mr%. JANE TOBIN would inform the pnbTc that her
Garden is still kept up, and that u pais- or exiMm-*- uul
be spared x,» keep the best stock of IT. A NTS acd M’LBft
ini he South.
Having procured the serv ices of Mr SANDERS, an
arpentiu. , d Florist and Sar-, rrtnaa. she L bv »*.-*?
c«at« pnees and strict at tent i n. K> *ff>ta'n a share -V pub
lic! patron* ?o *
/*- S-”“HOL Td wiR bn made up at the shortest no-
.l^-gdAwbt
STOLEN
ON the afternoon At*u« bj »
person who entered tlw office «>t she rab-< riber and
abstracted from the caek drawer the right haad Imlf biihr
of the follow ing ti u* uiinal <en* aa*i daa lilliuw vll
City Bank of Augusta *>ne of $lO. b-r. -a No !?5?-
one of $lO. letter B No. 423 one of F&; letter A
All nersooi- are h#r« by notified that appii* avion
will be made by the under*igued for the pay ment *,t the
•ame at the exptrauon of three mo-ifh* from this date,
and areal*., cautioned against receiving sa.d bills, a»
pres* ut payment has been stopped on ih« iu
f „ E M GU.BERT
#harl»at S f’„ ISTA. doeS w.*sm
AI.EMA DMIN 111 GLOTEB.—Aftosh *up
.Pte IC* ir *- B **» iA>loiWKid GLOVES, jrut
tcaici Aiajuiicsa * wkwht,
Chronicle £ Stitliud.
0
The (.tiifNrrnHi-Lprtßtr hr Professor Alexan
der Di:l!a- Bache.
The befon* the GcigranLical Society nt
New York, on Tl.uraday evening, by Profoanor
Ha* its. w..- atteuded by a large and intelligent au-
Pr Ehtche, upon liia firat introduction into
tlu dfttica of the count purvey, became imprest**'!
•v;th the great important e of the Gulf Stream, and
at a very early period directed the attention of the
surveying paru*to it. lie did not feel hizaeetf <%
ib« rry to neglect the work of sounding* in the har
>orH lor thi* j»urpo*e. aad xus therefore obliged to
• rut»- hi* reeearchee at inter viu*. Qcea*ionally,
rime and eir< lujwtaoee* permiU-ed, partie* ha<l
detaehed to make *p<-< ial olatervatiouH u|g>n it.
He ~e were invariably phu ed in charge of persons
..i\.irig a peculiar adaptation to the work, and were,
•>r the most part, volunteer*.
The reault were in the highest degree gratifying,
1, far a* seientifio£ai;ta went, be did not hesitate
> rank them in importance above all other obaer- .
ationn nmde by the mnwrt. survey. When com pie- ,
ted they will i»e published by the fiov.-rnment in a
miiin-r worthy or the result*, and eouatitate a ebap
■ . .hhcoverieb of which the country may well
H did not propose to give a history of the obser
c.'ioii* made upon the Gulf Streainat variouslimeQ.
oi to institute a coßsparkroo between the result of
• lab" -of dilb-reut individnal* in thk department
i re*earch. Tliiswa* not the time nor wa* he the
it person to make thin comparison. Hi* busines*
i- merely to present *!•«» fact* which had occurred
mder lii* own observation. \\ Ith ail the fact* made
• »um nsive jn-rio'l*, srnne person disconnected
- bo found who
i give a truiiiful account of it and award to
neh discoverer hi* due meed of merit,
lu regard to the early hi*tory of the Gulf Stream,
i- would merely r*mark that th<- nagaciotia mind of
Dr. Franklin had been directed to it l>v Uie English
id mi rally, while in Jy»udon on post-office buaine**,
manner. EwmlnM that the
uib-h hji trading \'ea»el* running from Newport to
i hi_d.*nd made th«- journey in a fortnight le*« time
n.i the regular English packet* between New York
.ml Liverpool.
It wusproposed by the Admiralty to change the
•oint of Hailing from New York to Newport, and l>r.
inkliii win* consulted a* to the propriety of ho
ming. 11 r doubted the fact, and, under the belief
• hal tin English Government was iniwinformed, con
-ulted a Nantucket hca captain then in London.
Fiie captain ntnted that it wa* true, but that the dis
iervnet: in Hailing arose nolely from the knowledge
.* *•*"*.*ed by t.l»e Am« rican captain* of the Gulf
• hi, and the want of that knowledge by the En-
I Ik* English captaim were frequently hailed by
the Afnerican trader*, und informed of the stream
■hey wire contending agaiuat, but they neemed to
he unwilling t<» take advice of the Yankee*, and *o
to makenlow |>u**ag< *. A map delinea
ting fin* Gulf Stream wa* made by Itr. Franklin
from Hi<* information thus obtained ami extensively
oirculated by him. Notwith*tan*ling tin* discov
• ru-H since made, the general line, a* indicated on
l>r. Franklin's map, remain* unaltered, proving his
admirable powers of observation and accuracy in
noting facts.
Tne speaker held in his baud a note-book in which
I >r. Franklin had made observations on this ocean
on bh return pannage, and winch he (Mr. Bnchel
had discovered houic yean; since among some old
papers of litH grand-father.
i lie observations under hi* own superintendence
were first commenced by Lieut. Ifavis in 1846, at
Sandy Hook, and were continued from time to time
by his late lamented brother, George D. Bat he and
Lieut*. Craven and Maffit
A section of the Gulf Stream had been made at
Sandy Hook, another at Cape Hatteraa, a third off
Charleston harbor, and a fourth off ('ape Canaveral
in Florida. Much difficulty wa* experienced in pro
curing instruments capable of registering the deep
sea temperature. The ordinary thermometer, even
when enclosed in a brass tube or ball, whose lip*
were ground together and cemented with gutta
percha, wa* broken tinder the great pressure of the
weight of many hundred fathoms of water. They
hud at last hit upon a very ingenious and simple de
vice, v hicli enabled them to register the tempera
ture at any distance and pressure.
They had likewise some difficulty in noting cor
rectly deep sea soundings. This difficulty had also
been obviated, and lie was positively certain as to
the correctness of the result both of temperature
and soundings, which were in the highest degree
.satisfactory. They had found that the bottom of the
Atlantic ocean whh traversed by a range of moun
tains Himilar to the chain some distance back from
the coast, and that the Gulf Stream pursued it* way 1
over the ton* of these, and had an evident connec
tion with them.
In the gorges of these ranges they had found bands
of cold water evidently from the polar regions. As
far south as latitude 2‘J' the register indicated, at
great depths, water at only two degrees above the
freezing point. Those polar streams seemed to be
pursuing a courst from northeast to southwest, and
m u directly contrary direction to the bands tis warm
water which form the mam f. uture of th« Gulf
Stream. How far this knowledge of the bands of
cold water might be made available to commerce,
he would not now pretend to say.
The result* which he now present* were the labors
ol many months, prosecuted under great difficulties
and frequently severe hardships. While he contem
plated them witli pride, on the one hand, he could
not fail to experience a f eeling of deep sorrow on the
other, at the loss of a brother who had lost his life in
his zeal for this work ; i.or could lu* permit this occa
sion to pass without a brief tribute to his memory.—
He was, of all others, the beet fitted for the task of
developing tin grout problem of the Gulf Stream.—
Puticnr in investigation, careful in observation,
rigid in analysis, and acute in generalization, he was
in every way worthy of the undertaking which ab
sorbed all life faculties and finally required the for
feit of his life.
The lecturer retired amid the applause of his au
diencr.—A. Y. Evening Pott.
Tin* Horror* of War—letter by n Russian Sis
ter of Merry.
Tin* following is a translation of a letter written rn
May last by one of the Russian Sisters of Mercy
in mistering; at. Sebastopol:
“Only a few day# have passed alnce I last wrote
to you, anil now i could again till at least twenty
pages with tlic events of thejone single night be
i\\( < n Tuesday and Wednesday Oh, now much I
-hould have to* tell you, but how, or with what words !
M. (it><l, what a horror is war! What unnatural
cruelty it is! In the night between Monday and
Tuesday our men were ordered to dig fresh trenches
and throw up batteries, with a strong force to pro
tect the workmen. We were all night prepared
for an attack, but it passed oft* quietly, ana the
whole of Tuesday was calm and still. In the even
ing all again was expectation. Every preparation
was made. Several rows of mattresses were laid on
the ground; small tables were arranged with lights
aud writing materials upon them. The attendants
were placing heaps of lint, bandages, dressings,
short stearin candles, and medicines upon a table.—
In one corner stood a large Samoar (a camp-kettle 1
and near it two small tables, with small teapots and
cups. On the other side was a table covered with
1 randv. wine, lemonade, tumblers and wine-glasses.
Tlu- room is nearly dark. and a peculiar stillness reigns
round, as in the air before a thunderstorm. Fifteen
surge »ns. and more, are seated around Pirogoff in
the room tor operations, or are walking up and down
in pairs. The officer aud the smoritel (superinten
dent) who have to see that everything is in readi
ness, are busily moving about, or are fetching in
more medical help and attendance.
\s you staud at the door, or look out through the
lofty windows at both sides of the room, you see a
bright, quiet night, for the moon is shining, and the
stars are tw inkling without a cloud. Between nine
and leu o'clock, there is a flash like that of lightning
at the windows, and suddenly it roars till every pane
of glass rattles. IW degrees* ft ash follows flash more
frequent and rapidly ; you can no longer distinguish
the shots from each other. The fifth and sixth has
turns arc lit up with tire; but the enemy’s bombs do
not reach the city We sit and listen, ever in the
same sort of twilight, and about an hour passes over.
Then comes a litter, another, and another—it hnsbe
gau. The candles are lit. folks run hurriedly back
ward and forward, and the large room is soon filled
w ith men. The floor is covered with the wounded
—everywhere, where they can sit, they who have
crawled in, do ait. How they shriek! Whatadin*
Hell is let loose around ua. You cannot hear the
thunder of the guns for this wailing and groaning.
That one screams, but not in words. This one cries .-
•Save me, brethren, save me!* Another sees the
brandy on the table, ami entreats me : ‘Be a kind
mother to me, and give me a dram.’ In all direc
lions voices are heard meaningly entreating the sur
geons. who are probing the wounds: ‘Good my lord,
do not rack me. 1 myself walk with great diffi
culty between the rows of stretchers, and erv out:
t onic here, my men, and take him to Qustfecxmaki’s
hous* .*—fhc.t is where the hopelessly wounded are
carried —‘take this man to the Nikolaieff battery.
Place that man upon this bed.’ Now they bring in
officers too. Tlie room is crowded densely with the
w ounded, but operations are not to be thought of at
this moment. God give us but time to bind up the
wounds of aft—wo sisters are all busily engageu.
Then?they are bringing in an officer; his face is
d« 1 w iih blood; 1 wash it oft* meanwhile he takes
‘onous'y out of his snap-purse seine money for
the soldi* rs who brought him to drink his health. I
have seen many do the same tiling. 1 kneel on
the floor to light the doctor—the wounded men has
boon sa>>t in the breast—to see if the ball has gone
right through. 1 place my hand under his back and
u. 1 for the w ound. You may think how he lies
w.:iter . g in his gore. Hut enough You would shud
•L i if I were to describe to you all the tortures
and agonies l witnessed that night. Dawn comes
at Inst, aud the firing ceases. We have a little gar
den. Piet ure it to your mind—well, there are wouxt
*h-di lying tl « - aUe. I took brandy and ran down
to it. win:*- th* >nn was rising most gloriously over
the hi iv amid the twitering of birds, in the shade of i
iH K iflf full of w hite bWiona 1 found dirty, or
thereabouts, ail g evi* usiy wounded,most of them
already at the (Hunt of death. My Maker and my
Lord!’what a contrast to this sweet Spring tnorning.
I b* gg* d tw o o! the inhabitants, who had been
lielping most •diligently all night to carry the woun
tlt :. to take these immediately into the hospital
Thank Heaven, the bringing in of stretchers is at
an end. The surgeons, who had goue home at day
brock to g*; some rest, returned. when those w hose
turn it was to b* relieved departed w ith the close of
day.
At 7 o'clock tlie opertions recommence Al
th nigh it was not my day. to be on duty l resolved to
b* iqjaiu in atteudence. The operations last till
lM .v *' 1 corning. Between 5 and 6 o'clock Pmo
gott comes back and they ope: ate till eight: then
Uv , b over, and at* nine 1 went home. The
< u.uouhuv, -w. ver, still continued, and grew fier
cer towarrt tlie morning 1 accordinglv got up about
:l x aH ?,i lt ?cvt ’ n “noun.’-id myself rk&y for dutv.
Kvervtinng m order . 100 wounded were
brought in tins night, li is true the amputations
lasted three lours, but by 1 o’clock the dressing was
lluisiKtl. They brought me your parcel ; I oi»ened
it and began to tear bandages off your linen direet
h\ They are bringing me my dinner. All is quiet.
Thank God. this day, then is a quiet one. The door
is opened, and one stretcher after the other is borne
• _ A\ hat s the meaning of this ? flow is this ’
When were you wounded, poor men ? e have
lain «*ut vender ever since that night.’ There is a
rime at this moment Only think of this honor 1
They have been lying ont yonder nearly twice
tw •oy four i lours a few compassionate Frenchmen
had given them bread and water We washed their
wounds at once; we bouud them up ; we gave them
to «at ,;uJ to drink. Os course they were ail wound
ed in the >gs. though a few not severely. Again
then* wort t wvlve operation*, and no one expected
an arrival of this sort out of hours. Dr. Chlebnikoff
myself were almost the* oulv persons at the ope
rat:-'£ table. Tlie nigh: passed off ipiietlv .Iran
g.»K* mv baring to tie the arteries for PfeorofiT*
ivy cut?- **u that dreadful night, while be was pulling
Ute it: <*ui ami holding pincers iu his hand.
“Sister B.”
or * U rfr —A short while ago. Mr Robt.
Rh«*dc* wr> united m the bonds of matrimony with a
M» East bast. oi Lougrioge. but the marriage was
uaforlmiat* Both parrirs soon forgot their vows to
** h*ve and to cherish : f * for shortly after thev rebn
quiebed the lusctuation of each others charms and
M-pw aU d. Since this event they have both lived in
pnvate Tnlgings To bring the marriage knot to a
solution. the husband, on Monday last, publicly led
wife through tlie streets of the village in a Halter,
•wring- ter for sale, wiic-n. being viewed by one and
exa imyiby another, she was, ultimately, after a lit
Q‘ higgling, “knocked d< fi>r 20*! The pure ha
wasa Itr Georg* Banks, who quietiv. bat gal
lamir seu<-<i the loiter aud led her »wa}-. wLat
Front the Sew Orieant Picayune,
from Nicaragua, Oregon and California.
BT THE DANIEL WEBSTER AT K. ORLEANS.
'il*e Damiei Webster left San Juan on the 19th
inst. The California passengers she brings have
come through from Ban Francisco in nineteen days.
The steamship Star of the West left San Juan
shortly after the Daniel Webster, with 300 passen
ger* and $600,001) in treasure for New York.
We learn that Brig Gen. Hornsby and Several
otiier officer* of Gen. Walker's army have gone to
New York in the .Star of the West Cant *. Trum
bull and Thorp, belonging to Walker’s Voltiguers,
and Capt. Oliver, of Cm. Kinney’* company, came
passengers in the Daniel Webster. Capt. Oliver
uekmg* to one of the several companies that are
repre.*»ented a* having been successful in agricultu
ral pursuit* on Indian river, six mile* from Grey
tewn. Not a case of sickness, we bear, ha* occur
red among them.
Gen. Walker, we are informed, ha* placed a com
pany of sixty Mounted Ridemen on the Transit
Company's road to protect the specie train*.
We learn that Gen. Jere*. Minister of Foreign Af
fairs, ami Bene vontura Silva*. Minister of War in
Nicaragua, have sent in their resignation. The <
reason assigned by them, it is said, is that thev were ;
previously pledged to assist in restoring Gen. C a bona
to the Pfeaioency of Honduras, and finding Gen.
Walker opposed to this apparently aggressive policy,
they w’ere compelled to resign their respective posi
tions in order to place themselves right with their
Himdurian friends.
It appears that a company of seventy men, arm
ed and equipped for service, under command of
Capt. Butter, come down from Ban Francisco in the
steamship Uncle Sam, to join Gen. Walker. Capt.
Sutter is a son of Gen. Sutter, ti*e old pioneer of
CaUfornia. We learn that thirty men who went by
the Daniel Webster on her last trip, and seventy
five by the Star of the West, have also joined Gen.
Walker, and that be had now a force of KAO effective
men.
We further b arn from a memoranda furnished by
the purser of the Daniel Webster that everything
was quiet. Roman Rivas, son of the present Presi
dent, had collected arm* and ammunition for a new
revolution, but Com. Deßisset, the officer appointed
to escort Col. Wheeler, the U. S. Minister from Gra
nada, to Greytown, seized at Serapugin 24,000 car
tridges, 13 kegs of powder, 750 musket balls, and 75
muskets, and threw the murikets overboard in pre
sence of the British and Ameru&n squadrons at San
Juan.
Gen. Walker, it is represented, ha* control of the
entire country, and enjoy* the almost entire confi
dence of the inhabitants of Nicaragua. His judi
cions regulation* and laws, we are told, elicit the
admiration of the whole community. The old Spa
nish laws are abolished and American laws substi
tuted.
Col. Kinney is said to be steadily and effectually
colonizing his grant of land on the Mosquito coast,
ami receiving,by the arrival of every steamahip, ac
cessions to hi* different companies, now industri
ously and successfully cultivating the fruitfulland on
the margin of the Indian river. Ilis health i* good,
and he i« very sanguine of a speedy return for hi*
enterprise. All under him are said to be much
pleased with his liberal grants of laud and his kiud
attention to them.
By this arrival we have El Nicaraguense, publish
ed nt Granada, of the 12th instant, and the Central
Ainerioau, published at Han Juan, to the 16th inst.
El Nicaraguense has au article in reference to the
newspaper comments on Gen. Walker’s course in
Nicaragua, which conclude* as follows :
The people here are satisfied anil the Government
is popular. All its acts are approved, though the
necessity which lias called for some of its decrees has
been regretted. Much is said about the execution of
Gen. Corrall. But when w'e now, for the first time,
suy that he was tried by a court of his own selection,
we say all that can be said to exhonorate any mem
ber of the Administration from censure. Let him
rest in peace.
In the same paper we find a letter from Colonel
Wheele/, the United State* Minister, declining the
public dinner which, as we learned on the last ar
rival, had been tendered him by several United
State* citizens residing in Granada, as a testi
monial of approval of his course as Minister
during the late times of excitement in Nicaragua.
The same paper has the following paragraphs:
Last Tuesday, the decoration committee of the ball
given by the officers of the army the evening previ
ous, presented through Col. Hornsby, a beautiful
Nicaraguan flog, ns a New Year’s present to Gen.
Walker.
Capt. I). K. Bayley, with Company A, left this city
on Thursday, at 3 o’clock, A. M., rn route for Leon.
It is rumored that Gen. Walker will follow in a few
day*.
We understand that Capt. Skerrit, who arrived
here on Wednesday night, direct from San Fran
cisco, has received the appointment of colonel in the
army. Col. S. has seen much severe service in the
Texan wars.
We notice the appointment of Wm. P. Lewis to
Ist. Lieutenancy ox Company F. in place of H. O.
Porfer, removed.
The citizens of Granada intend to give a compli
mentary ball to the officers of the army, which js to
outrival the one given on Monday night.
El Nicaraguense, of the 12th inst., has an article
on the resignation by Gen. Jerez of the Ministry of
Foreign Relations, in which it says :
We regret the course which the General has
thought it his duty to take, as in the present pro
visional condition of public affairs we think the
Stute can ill afford to dispense with the services
of a gentleman of his talent* and tried patriotism.
The ground of the difference in the Cabinet is the
question of an immediate invasion of Honduras, for
the restoration of Gen. Cabana* to power in that
State. Gen. Jerez does not forget that when an
exile he found shelter and aid in Honduras, and
that to Cabanas he is indebted for the means of
commencing the revolution which has recently
resulted so fortunately in Nicaragua. As a pa
triot, devoted to the cause of liberal institutions
in Central America, he justly venerates the
character and services of Cabanas, the friend and
companion in arms of the martyred Morazan.— (
Private gratitude and a elassic fidelity to the his
torical leader of the party which he espoused in
his youth, and has so anlv served in manhood, have
in our opinion, swayed Ins conduct in tliis instance,
in oppsi&ion to hi* sounder judgment.
The Government are equally as devoted to the
cause of liberal institutions in Central America iu* is
Gen. Jerez. But they have thought that the wiser
course to advance the general prosperity was not
aggression, but to asure and consolidate, the general
peace. Nicaragua, so long torn and devastated by
internal strife, needs repose. Her cities must, be re
built, her lands re-cultivated, commerce recalled to
her shores, and the active interchange of produc
tion* and of ideas with the world at large will again
diffuse riches and contentment through all her
borders. In this manner her example M ill win a
bloodless victory, and lead the adjoining States to
imitate her beneficent institutions, and seek a closer
union with her fortunate people. But if not —if the
humane and philanthropic desires of the Goverement
should be thwarted, the proffered olive branch re
jected and an attack should come from any quarter,
then Nicaragua, grown invincible in her repose, with
all her energies refreshed ami all her strength concen- ,
ti nted, will, with a single blow, crush every opponent 1
and forever liberate Central America from the
chains of savage despotism and an aristocracy as
senseless as tyrannical.
lu our judgment, in the pursuit of the common
end, the course of the Government is wiser than
that of Gen. Jerez.
The same paper has a long article headed “Nica
ragua and the United States,” in relation to the non
reception of Col. French at Washington a minister
from Nicaragua, and the detention oft he Northern
Light. The news of this, we learn from El Nicara
gueuse, has been the subject of much comment in
Grauada. As to the non-reception of Col. French,
it says:
The ground taken by the American Government
teems to lie that they have not sufficient evidence
that Col. French is the representative of any Govern
ment whatever. Either the Cabinet at Washing
ton are determined to be* profoundly ignorant of
the state of affairs here, or they are* about to set
up new doctrines of international law such doc
trines, too, as would have left the United States
at this day a province of Great Britain. If Mr.
Marcy does not regard the present Government of
Nicaragua—a Government de facto and dc jure,
too —it is hard to conceive what sort of a Govern
ment would be so considered by him. Nicara
gua was in a state of revolution—opposite parties
were under arms—the one party by the aid of Gen.
Walker and his army gained the ascendency, tlie
other party conceded tlie fact, signed a treaty of
peace, and acknowledged the supremacy of the
party in power; agreed to lay down their arms,
did so, aud acknowledged fealty to the new Govern
ment.
To an impartial observer, this would seem to be
something like a Government iu fact. Since the
treaty, aft has been quiet, the rights of persons have
been respected, property has been secure, nobody
has attempted another revolution, nobody desires
one : the people are satisfied, or say they are, busi
ness is progressing, improvements are going on at a
rapid rate, the defeated party falls into the views
of the party in power, acts with the Government,
its members become part and parcel of the Govern
ment, aud no change is desired. This would be
called a rightful government by most men. But
Mr Man y thinks it may not be—he will wait for
further evidence.
As to the detention of the Nothorn Light, El Niea
raguense remarks: “If anything more ridiculous
than the course of the American Government can
bo found in history, we should like to publish it as
a curiosity.”
From Oregon.
Tin* San Francisco papers contain advices from
Portland (Oregon) to the 28th of December. l'Ue
Alta California says:
There is no later war news than was brought by
the Columbia. The following is the latest from the
Dalles, dated Dec. 15th, aud published in the Demo
cratic Standard :
No tiding* have been received from the Walla
Walla country, since Col. Kelley’s letter to Adjutant
Fan a. of the &th of the mouth. An express is hourly
expected. There is much anxiety felt to know the
issue of the battle between the volunteers and the
Indians.
The U. S- Army officers were greatly chagrined
at the news from Wall Walla, and consoled them
selves with the reflection that Gen. Wool aud Major
Rains have stuck their foot into it tills time. Capt
Hembree left town last Thursday with nineteen m**u
from Polk and Clackamas companies. Adjutant Far
rar sent in his charge twenty pack animals with pro
visions for the forces in the held. This morning a
wagon train arrived from Fort Henrietta. The teams
are ail used up. and cannot be sent back. The Adju
tant has sent out some soldiers to hunt up cattle to
take the wagons back, and says he will get taein off
Sunday night.
I regret to learn that Maj. Armstrong Las resigned
his commission in the regiment.
A letter to the Alta California, from a corres
pond*- ut at Portland, dated Dec. 28, says :
As n**ar as I can ascertain, there witi be no winter
campaign. The troops art not in a condition,
neither is there a sufficient number to take the field
and keep it. and let me tell you that Gonerai Wool
is too ola a soldier to commence operations with the
fact staring him in the face that he has not a force
sufficient to follow up the Indians, in case they should
retreat, only to return again. There is no use com
mencing operations unless everything is in readi
nees to swoop the whole country’and close the war
with on* campaign. The General will send such
force* as are needed at exposed poiuU. and keep
a reserve well ap{*>inte<l, to start any moment, l
they should be needed at anv particular pia Ce
By keeping the Indians in ch4ek during the winter,
and then getting everything in order for active ope
rations in the spring, a brilliant cami*aig n will fol
low. and the war which has now commenced, be
brought speedily and summarily to a close
Fort Vancouver wears a very busy aspect aud
strongly reminds me of Point Isabel, in Texas, at
the time of the preparations for the Mexican war
Stores of all kinds are landed, and embarked, stack
ed up, stowed away, going and coining, and in fai t
the place is alive with business. Lieut. Withers is
exerting every nerve to forward supplies to the
Dalles, and with Maj. Eastman's assistance, contrive
in suite of rain, xnud and impassable roads to accom
plish the object.
The agent here of the Hudson Bay Company, Mr.
Graham, as well as the company in general, are do
ing all they can to prevent the remaining tribes of
Indians from joining in the hostilities to the whites,
and as I believe they are sincere, they deserve much
credit for it. They” have issued strict order* that
none of their posts shall sell fire-arms or amunition
to the savages.
Gen. Wootha* commissioned Capt. Newell to raise
a company of Rangers to act as scouts, which he »
fast making up. Capt. Newell has been on this side
of th*. Rocky Mountains for twenty-five years,
during which time In- has been engaged in uniting
and trapping, and has the reputation for killing
more bears, taken more beaver*, and scalped
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY (>, 1856.
of the c-outin- nt. Hi* name is a terror to the In
dian*. and as liib compar is made up partly of half
breeds, all thoroughly acquainted with the Indian
lingo, a* he is also, they will no doubt do great
1 service.
I learn from very good authority that the Indians
are able to bring 5,000 warriors into the war, and
moreover, that they are all more or less supplied with
gun* or rifle*, and for the last three years been quiet
Iv gathering ammunition and material for the grand
struggle. These Indians are totally different from
the lower coast tribe*, und are really brave and
blood thirsty, ho von may judge what kind of a force
Gen. Wool should have to contend succesfnlly
against them.
By-the-by. a company of U. S. Dragoons have
lately been added to the General’s forces. They
came across from Missouri, and got in by the way
of Umpqua. They are 110 strong.
All the mountains back in the country are covered
with snow, and their white peak* look’ grand on a
clear morning at the rising of the sun. The snow
and rain may to a great extent retard the hostile
movement* of the Indians, which I hope may con
tinue so until we are ready for them.
The farming interest in the more central districts
are bv no mean* neglected, and considerable prepa
ration* are being made for next year’s crop. The
oldest inhabitant* here prophecy a long, wet, snowy
winter, which will not materially retard the farmer’s
prospects.
From California.
We have San Francisco papers of the sth instant,
being sixteen days later tLan we had by the steam
ship Prometheus!^
The news from California is not important We
gather the following from the Alta California’s sum
man- :
Since the sailing of the last steamer the weather
throughout the State has been unusually colti. Ice
has formed in San Francisco and Sacramento about
half an inch in thickness, and much snow has fallen
in the mining or mountain regions. In this city the
thermometer for several days has been in the neigh
borhood of thirty degrees Fahrenheit, which is the
extreme limit of our winter climate.
From the mines we have the most cheering ac
counts. The recent ruins have given the miners
plenty of water, and therefore plenty of work.
The Legislature is id meet at Sacramento on the
7th inst.. when the new Governor will be inaugu
rated.
On the 20th of December, the United States
Laud Commission confirmed the claim of the Cath
olic Church to the Mission Church buildings, the
graveyards and orchards und vineyards attached
to them, in the twenty-one old Missions of Cali
fornia. Since then, the claim made by Bishop
Allemany, for one league of land in each Mis
sion, on behalf of the Christian Indians, had been re
jected.
Joshua L. Silsbee, the Yankee comedian, died on
the morning of the 2d.
A difficulty occurred a few days since at Bidwell’s
Rauch, resulting in the death of five Indians and one
white man. The Indians came into a store kept by
Mr. J oseph Schaeffer, and usked for some flour, and j
demanded it without payment. Upon being refused,
they immediately shot him down and killed him. The
white residents in the neighborhood gathered togeth
er and pursued the murderers, and succeeded in kil
ling five of them.
The San Francisco Chronicle, in its summary of
news, says:
One of the principal features of news during
the lust week, has been the publication in the
large dailies of this city, and in the Sacramento
Union, of a vast number of statistical tables for the
past year.
Tli<? loss by fires in the State during the year is es
timated at $2,062,509.
The total number of Lynch law executions in the
State during the year was forty-eight, of which nine
teen were on charge of murder, twenty-five on charge
of theft, one for rape, one for arson, and two ludiaus
charged with being spies.
Then; were nine executions, all for murder, accord
ing to statute law.
There were 538 homicides, of which 133 were In
dians, 32 Chinamen, 3 negroes, 34 Spaniards, aud
276 other whites. Some addition—amounting to
about 15 or 20—must be made to tliis calendar ufter
the receipt of news from all parts of the State to the
end of tin* year.
During 1855 there were 197 applications for the
benefit of the insolvent act in San Francisco; aud
the applicants estimated their assets at $1,519,175,
and their liabilities at $8,377,827 —leaving a deficien
cy of $6,858,652.
During 1855 the passengers arriving by sea at San
Francisco were 31,759, and those departing were
22,898 —being an increase for the State of 8,861
persons.
The gold coin exported during the year, as shown
by the custom house books, was $45,182,631i
The amount of money paid for freight to sail-'
ing vessels from foreign ports during 1855, wa*s4,-
044,514.
During the year there were 267 marriages in San
Francisco, 72 applications for divorce, aud 41 di
vorces granted.
We learn from the Alta California that intelligence
from Fort Yuma to December 14th, represented that
all was quiet and prosperous at the Colorado river.
Leap Year.—The recurrence of leap year has
called out many interesting reminiscences es tho
privileges of the ladies. Among other tilings of the
kind it is mentioned that—
By an ancient-of the good old Scottish Parliament,
passed in the reign of Margaret, about 1288, if was
“ordonit that during ye reign of her maist blessit
Majestie, ilka maiden ladee of baith high ami low
cstait shall hoc liberty to speak ye man she likes:
gif he refuses to take her to his wife, he shall be
mulct in the sum of a hundrity pm ids or less, as his
estate may be, except and always gif he can make it
appear that he is bctrotliit to anither woman, then
he shal bo free.”
From the Sieurde Beauplan’s “Description of the
Ukraine, including several provinces of the kingdom
of Poland,” published at Rouen, in 1662, it appeals
that at that period the ’Cossack damsels also mad
proposals of marriage. M. Beauplan says :
Here, then, contrary to the custom of all other
countries, may be seen young girls making love
to young men; and a superstition, very prevalent
among them, and carefully observed, causes them
scarcely ever to miss their object, and indfred, ren
ders them more sure of success than the men would
be, should the latter attempt the wooing. They pro
ceed somewhat after the following manner :
The maiden goes to the house of the father of the
young man whom she loves, when she thinks the
family are all together, and says, on entering, Poma
gobog, which means, God bless you. She pays her
compliments to him who has made so great an impres
sion upon her heart, and tells him she thinks he will
know how to govern and love his wife. “The noble
qualities,” she continues, “have led me to pray thee
very humbly to accept me for thy wife.” She then
asks the falner and mother to consent to the mar
riage. If she receives a refusal or some excuse, as
that he is too young or not ready to marry, she
answers that she will not depart until he has
her. Thus she perseveres and persists in
remaining until she has obtained a favorable answer
to her demands.
After a few weeks the father and mother are not
only constrained to give their consent, a but also to
persuade their son to look upon her more favorably.
At the same time, the young man, seeing the maid
en so determined in her affection for him, begins to
regard her as the one who is destined to be the mis
tress of his destinies. Finally lie prays his father
and mother to permit him to espouse her. Tims she
accomplishes her purpose, ana the entire family,
through fear of incurring the wrath of God by ex
pelling her from their house, are constrained to give
their consent to the union.
The London Fire Department.— The city of
London comprises an area of thirty-six square miles,
which is covered by upwards of three hundred ana
eighty thousand houses. Among these houses there
occur annually about nine hundred fires, very few of
which are comparitively serious in their nature. In
the year 1853 buildings were totally des
troyed by the devouring element. The means of
protection against fire in London comprises three
hundred parish engines, an unknown number of pri
vate engines, and thirty-six engines belonging to the
fire brigade. The last named are the great'depen
dence, in ease of a serious fire. Twenty-seven of
the thirty-six engines are worked by horse power,
and the whole brigade cousists of one hundred and
four men and thirty one homes, with a reserve of
eight men and eight horses, and these are divided
with the engines, among the various districts of the
city.
The breaking out of ..every fire is speedily made
known to the firemen, for the six thousand police of
the metropolis are constantly patrolling every alley
and lane, and every man is stimulated by the know
ledge that if he is the first to give notice of it at any
of the stations it is half a sovereign in his pocket. A
reward of thirty shillings is paid to the first, twenty to
the second, and ten to the third engine that arrives at
the conflagration. Tlu* “fire escm>e” is one of the
peculiar institutions of London. The Royal Society
for the protection of life from fire have ’established
stations in all parts of the,city, where fire escapes
and experienced men to use* them may be found at
all hours of the night. The fire escape which is most
used consists of a high ladder, beneath which, ex
tending along the whole length, is a canvas trough
or bag, protected from the flames by a close net of
copper wire. Into the head of this bag the terrified
inmates of an upper story are thrust iu time of dan
ger, and slide down the bulging canvas to the
ground without injury.
Elijah Bird. —lt will be recollected that the
Georgia Legislature a couple of rears ago, granted
a pardon to the above named individual, who had
been convicted for the murder of his brother-in-law
Dr. N. G. Hill burn. The New Orleans correspon
dent of the Columbus Enquirer . writing under date
of Jan. 17th, gives an item of his whereabouts and
manner of conducting himself after enjoying the
legislative clemency of this State. The correspon
dent says:— Atlanta Intelligencer.
“Crime and Intemperance still stalk broad in
this city. A man was murdered on board the steam
er Republic on Satarday last, and no c»e on the
boat communicated anything to the police in relation
to the matter until the succeeding Monday, thus
giving the murderer time to escape. The name of
the murderer is Elijah H ; rd, who it is said absconded
from Georgia a few years since, where he had com
mitted two murders. It is said that he has wealthy
relations living in Georgia.”
Steamship Communications betrreen England and
America. —The London News of January Bth, save:
In and after May next, fifteen gigantic mail steam
packets will leave Europe monthly for the American
continent, viz : seven English packets, four United
States, three Belgian and one Portuguese. Four
teen of these will start from or touch at England—the
Portuguese packets being the single exception:
eight of the fourteen steamers will start from South
ampton. and the remaining six from Liverpool.—
These mail packets will cross the Atlantic by three
different routes, which will terminate on the Ameri
can side at the Brazils. Central America and the
United States. Rio Janeiro will be th*- most South
ern point touched at by them, and Halifax, in Nova
Scotia, the most Northern point. In connection
with these Atlantic packet lines, there will be nearly
twenty tributary ones, aome of them as long as the
Atlantic lines themselves. By these the whole of
the American continent, down as far South as the
river Piatte, on the eastern side of the great conti
nent. and from Peru to California, in the Pacific .
also the whole of the adjacent islands, including
those of the West Indies, will be supplied with Eu
ropean correspondence.
What Russia Gat ns by the Capitulation of Kars.
—The advantage gained by Russia in obtaining
possession of Kars will in a great measure compen
sate her from the loss of the Crimea. Russia so
k»n£ as she bolds this commanding position, can con
trol the great highway of trade wLich finds its way
overland from Trebizond to Persia, and the coun
try of Central Asia beyond. Russia was just
beginning seriously to suffer from the embargo on
her commerce and the exhaustion of her war sup
plies. Rut the capture of Kars enables her to divert
the current of European commerce through Turkey
to Central Asia, to channels across her own tern
tone# : and thus, the pressure on her own trade
being neutralized, Russia can recuperate for the
war. And it is more than likely that, Persia being
commercially dependent open Russia, and disposed
to lean in the same direction, may be induced by
that power to declare against Turkey for the purpose
of extending its dominions. —BaJtrrnore American.
Drotruiug —Two school girls at Frelinghuysen,
arren county, (N. J.) while walking on tiie ice
over a pond on Friday, the 28th ult., foil in the wa
ter. A boy about 14 years old attempted to assist
them, ami also fell in. One of the girls and the boy
were drowned.
Special Cor respite nef of the A Y. Evening Post.
Defeat of the llaytien*.
Port au Prince. Dec. 27, 1855. —Dear Sir: —l
wrote you on the 15th respecting!,the march of the
army to the East. The Emperor has been gone
sixteen days, and as vet we have heard but little
from him, as nothing i* allowed to be made public.
A few Fort au Prince people heva come buck, and
only a few, but a great many have* been scut out by
the government. As near as we can learn, the Em
peror has reached Azura, but has had to flight the
whole way.
Business is at a dead stand —collections are very
bad particularly among the speculators. Tla* retail
ers pay better. Ido not want to see any more ar
rivals of provisions until the present critical state
of affairs passes over, aud when it will do so, nobody
know*.
December , 30.—Since the foregffing was written,
news from the army has come iw-toore abundantly,
aud it is bad enough. I will gi vn you the particu
lars, as far as 1 can gather them, ‘but you kuow the
difficulty of getting at political facts in* Havti. Eve
ry Haytian feels as if every loud word he* utters on
any matter relating to the government, will cut his
own throat: so I have collected what follows by
whispering with one and another. The army, as
you know, left here on the 10th the present
month. It consisted of the troops of tne South uni
ted to those of Port au Prince, andthese were joined
at Mirabelais by the troops of Gonaives and St.
Marc, numbering in all about 23,000 men : indepen
dent of the army of the North, commanded by Gen
eral Paul Ducavette, of some 7,0(M1, which rendez
voused at a small town near the li#es, where they
still remain, for all we know to the contrary.
From Mirabelais, a detachment of about four
thousand was ordered to take a southern road, with
a few provisions, and to rejoin the Emperor near
Azua. All w r e know of them further is, that soon
after crossing the lines, they were met by a body of
Dominicans, when the regiment of Jamel, which was
in advance, broke at the first fore, and percipitated
themselves on the rear, which caulk'd a general rout.
They were commanded by old General Garat, of
this place, said to be the best officer in the
army, who, with several of his officers, wa* killed on
the spot. The troops have gone where they please.
But the great misfortune was with the main body,
under the Emperor,consistingofalKßUeightoeiithou
sand men, which toi ik the road toLasTiWma*. When
near this place, in an open field, but near a piece
of woods, they came upon a body of Dominicans of
about four hundred men, with a cannon..
The order of march of the Emperor’s troops at this
time was as follows: The advanced guard was com
manded by General Valentine, [a Dominican refugee]
with old General Thirlonge, of Port au Prince, on
the left in all above 2,000 men. In the rear of these
came the Emperor’s elite , with the Emperor iu per
son, his staff, all his ministers, his treasure-chest—
after these came the main body. The advanced
guard continued to move forward until within gun
shot of the Dominicans, when they made a halt, aud
cried “Vive L’Empereur!” several times, and were
a* often answered by the Dominicans; but for whom
the latter hurraed, nobody seems to know. The
Dominican commander then advancedin front of his
troops, and Valentine did the same to meet him.
After talking some time, (what they said is not
known;) they separated, each returning to his troops
but on the way the Dominican fired his pistol when
theAuxCayes troops commenced firing, without
orders, on the Dominicans, who returned the fire.
An officer of the Aux Cayes regiment, whose
name I forget but the same who shot those prisoners
in prison at Aux Cayes a few years ago, then mount
ed a horse, and called to the troops to follow him—
and they did so with a rush, throwing themselves
back on the main body of the Haytian army, which
was at the same time charged by the Dominicans.
A considerable number of Haytians were killed, and
Valentine and Thirlonge were both wounded, but
escaped.
Meanwhile, the Aux Caves troops,throwing away
their guns and baggage, continued their retreat,
turning and carrying along with them other troops,
until finally the greater part of the army had taken
to flight, leaving the Emperor and hi* staff al
most alone. Valentine and Thirlonge now came up,
hard pushed by the Dominicans, when they and the
Emperor and all with him took into a by-path, and
Anally succeeded in getting clear off through the
woods and escaping from the Dominicans. But the
old man ran a narrow chance. They were once iu a
few foot of him, and he was only saved by Thirlonge
and other officers of his staff, several of whom lost
their lives.
The Dominicans pursued the retreating Haytians
some miles, until they were finally cheeked and
driven back by the Garde Nationulc of Port au
Prince, commanded by Robert Gateau, the auc
tioneer.
The army has lost everything. The Emperor is
said to have had with him, in his treasure-chest,
$3,000,000 in currency, and SBO,OOO Spanish. All
this is lost, with the guns, amunition and provisions,
and other baggage and money. The retreating
troops have thrown away their arms. The Empe
ror is said to have reached Bonheur, a small place
some sixty miles from the Cape, with about a thou
sand men. The Aux Cayes troops, with some
others, have arrived back at Los Caobas, to the
number of 1,500. The Emperor has sent them or
ders to ioin him at Bonheur, which they have re
fused to do. Whether lie will march against them,
or they against him, does not yet seem to be set
tled. Where the rest of the grand army is, no one
knows but themselves.
This is about the amount, true or false, of what I
have gathered from one and other who have return
ed. So you see the war is at an end, but how things
are going to be quieted down again I do not kuow;
but I hope for the best.
Business is exceedingly bad, other prospects
worst*. The great commerce is, that
the war was got up so suddenly tnat no one. pre
pared for it. Orders for cargoes and goods lmd
gone forward to Europe and the States, and it
was too late, when the march became probable
to countermand them. The consequence is that
the Custom-House, wharf and harbor arc full of
goods, *and there are no sales ; and on goods that
have to be forced on the market there must be
heavy losses.
A Kemnrknhlc Escape*
It appears from the following extract from the
communication of an eye-witness, to the San Fran
cisco Jlerald, of November 18th, that Gen. Wool
and his troops while on their way to the seat of the
Indian war, in the steamship California, had a mira
cle of an escape from destruction, by the steamer
taking fire. The steamer left San Francisco on the
6th Nov., for Van Couver, Washington territory,
and on the 12th took fire :
“On Monday Morning, the 12th iust., wc arrived
at the mouth of Columbia river, with a strong south
west wind and a heavy sea running. Fog obscur
ing the landmarks during the earner part of the
day, it was not until 1 P. M., that we commenced to
cross the bar, on which, and across the whole en
trance the surf was breaking. Just as we got fairly
on the bar, a heavy squall struck the ship, and at the
same moment volumes of smoke issuing from the
engine room, showed her to be on fire. It appears
that a flue of one of the boilers had given way, when
the steam and water rushing into the furnace, gen
erated such an amount of steam as to burst, the fur
nace doors open, throwing a stream of glowing coal
across the engine room, burnning and scalding flthe
firemen, and setting the lining and wood work ot the
room in a blaze.
“On the alarm being given, the passengers hasten
ed to render such assistance as they might; and the
soldiers were usefully employed in aiding the ship's
crew in hauling on tne braces, &c., when necessary,
while others, untler the direction of Gen. Wool, were
employed in getting the gunpowder, of which there
was a large quantity on board, in position to be
thrown overboard so soon as it should be found
impossible to subdue the fire. It was gratifying
to see the calmness of all on board in the midst of
the extent of which is ably shown in Capt.
Dali’s journal from which I make the following ex
tract :
“ ‘At this time the chief engineer Icame on the
wheel-house, and told me that to work the engine lie
would have to keep such a head of steam on the re
maining boiler, that it might blow ui> at any mo
ment, and wanted to know if he should haul fires out
I tola him emphatically, no ! If the engine stops,
not a man w r ill be alive in ten minutes, and we may
as well blow up as drown.’ ”
“She was then heading on the South sands, and
would not mind her helm. All seemed over with the
California—she was not a ship's length from the South
sands. The purser and a gang of soldiers braced
the yards, and we had done all that men could do.—
Destruction seemed inevitable, when a heavy roller
broke under the port quarter, and threw her head in
to the channel. We had thus escaped for a time,
but she made suchjflow headway that it was impos
sible to get her to mind her helm, and she again
swung into the breakers. She was now in fifteen
feet of water, only a few inches more than her draft,
and if a roller had come then she would have struck
certainly.
“But it did not come, and by backing the head
yards she swung off. By this time, by the well di
rected efforts ot Capt. Dali and the men under his
command, the fire had been gotten under and the
imminent danger had been passed. The steady pre
sence of mind, the unwavering courage and good
seamanship of Captain Dali, with the coolness, ac
tivity and Bravery of his officers and men, are be
yond praise, and the confidence reposed in them by
the passengers, doubtless aided much in preventing
the spread of anything like alarm or confusion. To
the engineers, wfio stood manfully at their posts, in
the midst of fire and suffocating smoke, scalded and
binned, all honor is due. Had they deserted the en
gine-room we must all have perished.”
Interesting from Rome —We gather the follow
ing from a letter in the Newark (N. J.) Advertiser,
dated Rome, Dec. 22:
The venerable widow of Louis PhilHppe. who has
been seriously ill at her charming winter residence in
the neighborhood of Genoa, is, I am happy to say,
convalescent. Her sons, Prince de Joinville and the
Duke d'Aumale, have, in consequence, set out on a
visit to England, via. Germany.
Mr. Fillmore, who is accompanied by Dr. Foote, of
Buffalo, formerly Minister to Austria, still lingers at
Florence, but is expected to reach thiseitv next week.
Among the American winter residents in the coun
try I notice the name of the senior editor and pro
prietor of the New York Herald. The weather has
become freezing cold. Most of the streams of the
Peninsular are closed with ice, and the hills are
everywhere covered with snow. It is confessedly
the severest winter, thus far, experienced in Italy
in 20 years.
The fete of the Immaculate Conception, which
commenced on the Bth. was protracted to the 15th
—an octave of sacerdotal festivity. To signalize the
occasion the Pope declared a jubilee, and accorded
full indulgence from the first day to the 13th Sunday
of the Advent.
The Holy See is set king to fortify itself by calling
in counceliors from abroad. At the Consistory of
the Sacred College, on the 17th inst.. four dcw car
dinals were created, who are to reside at Rome, viz :
Archbishop Viilecourt of Rochelle, in France—the
sebtegenarian doctor who pronounced the declara
tion of the Immaculate Conception an act of divine
inspiration, superseding the necessity of all historic
evidence—the Archbishops of Vienna (R&uoher) and
of Munich, (Reisach,) and Mgr. Gaude, Procurer
General of the Dominicans. Four other prelates. I am
well assured, have been designated for promotion at
the next Consistory. _
Artificai Diamonds. —On Recount of its hardness,
transparency, brilliancy and rarity, the diamond
has always been regarded as one of the most valua
ble of the precious stones. It has been long known
to consist of pure carbon in a crystaline state. Che
mically, it differs little from charcoal. black led. or
lamp-black ; it may be readily burned in oxygen
gas, and the resulting compound is carbonic acid—
precisely what arioe* from the combustion of char
coal. In view of these facts, the production of dia
monds in the laboratory has long been thought pos
sible, and at leßgth this wonderful achievement
crowned the labors of the chemist. From a char
coal prepared from cryetalized sugar, M. Despretz
has produced crystals of carbon having all the
properties of the diamond. This result was obtained
t>v the long-continued action of the galvanic battery.
The crystals are microscopic, but clearly recognised
as octahedra. some black, others transparent, Gau
den, the famous lapidary, found these crystals to cut
diamonds and rubies like powdered diamonds itself.
It yet remains as an achievement of chemical
science to produce there crystals of a size sufficient
for ornamental purposes.—then will lie found the
“philosopher s stone." sought in vain for ages.
Lein ad.
Marriage with a Deceased Wife's Sister. —The
Glasgow /Scotland) Mail, per last steamer, states as
follows : “In the course of argument by counsel, in
the case before the Court of Sessions last week, le
specting the legality of a marriage with a deceased
wife’s sister, one of the cousel said it was a doubt fill
Kint whether such a marriage was prohibited in the
vitical law on which Lord ArdnuUan remarked,
[ that he was surprised none of the counsel had refer-
I red to Jacob marrying tiro sisters, and to the fact
I that our Saviour wm descended from one of
I them.”
Mr. W cbMerN Birthday—Letter iiroui Gen. Can*.
The following letter will explain itself. It is hon
rable alike to the living and the dead.
Washington, January 10th, 1856.
Dear Sir: —l cannot accept your invitation to
meet the friends of Mr. Webster on the lSih inst..
the anniversary of his birthday, inorder to interchange
rec< . etions of the patriot, and orator and states*
man. because my public duties will necessarily detain
me here. To these and other high claims to dis
tinction in life and to fameiu death, he added for
me the associations of early youth, and the
kindness and fremlship of mature age ns well
as of declining years. 1 have read with deep and
mournful interest the extract from his U tter to you,
which you were go<»d enough to enclose, written at
the termination of the struggle which attended the
compromise measures of ]Bs{), in which he savs that
“Gen. Cass, Gen. Rusk, Mr. Dickenson, A:o', have
agreed that since our entrance upon thestage of public
action, no crisis has occurred fraught with so much
danger to the institutions of the country as that
through which it has just passed, and that, in afl
human probability, no other of so great moment
will occur again during the remainder of our lives,
and therefore we will hereafter be friends, let our
practical differences on the minor sul>; eis h*. wh a t
they may.” This tribute of affectionate regard to
his coadjutors in a common struggle against a com
mon peril, from him, whoso services "were so pre
eminent, will be cherished, I urn sure, with proud
recollection by all of us, to whom these words of
kindness now comes from the tomb. You sav that
tliis engagement, on the part of our lamented friend,
was, to your personal knowledge, faithfuPv kept.
It was so. I know it, and rejoice at it. And T be
lieve I may add, with not less assurance, that tin*
convictions you express of the same fidelity to tliis
bond ofuniou and esteem oy the part of those who
co-operated with him, is equally well founded, and
that, though death has dissolved the connection, vet
his name and his fame are dear to them, and will
ever find iu them zealous advocates and defenders.
The grave closed upon this great SuiesMian and*
American before another crisis fraught with evil
paafioUß and imminent dangers had come to Siiuk«
his confidence in the permanency of the wise and
healing measures of 1850. What he did not live
to see, his ascoeiates in that work of patriotism, the
whole country, indeed, now sees, that we have again
fallen upon evil times, and that the fountains of ag
itation are broken up, and the waters are out over
the land. There is no master spirit to say peace, be
still, and to be heard and heeded. Our* trust is in
the people of this great republican confederation
and yet more in the God of their fathers and their
own God, who guided and guarded us through the
dreary wilderness of the revolution, aud brought us
to a condition of freedom and prosperity, of which
the history of the world furnishes no previous ex
ample. Would that the eloquent accents which
are now mute in death, would that the burning words
of him whose birth you propose to commemorate
and of his great compeer of the West, though dead,
vet living in the hearts of his countrymen, could now
be heard warning the American people of the dan
gers impending over them, and calling them to the
support of that Union and Constitution which have
done so much for them and for their fathers, and are
destined to do so much more for them and for their
children, if not sacrificed upon the alter of a new
Moloch, whose victims may be the institutions of
our country.
If this sectional agitation goes on, this ever press
ing effort to create and perpetuate divisions between
the North and the South, we shall find that we can
not live together in peace, and shall have to live to
gether in war. And what such a condition would
bring with it between independent countries, thus
situated, once friends, but become enemies, the im
pressive narrative of the fate of the Grecian repul)-
ics teaches us as plainly as the future can be taught
bv the lessons of the past. Your own State took -a
glorious part in the war of Independence, and it con
tributed ably and faithfully to the adoption of the
Constitution*. Her great deeds and great names are
inscribed upon the pages of our history, and upon
the hearts of our countrymen. Ilqw would he who
loved and served her so well, and whose love and
service were so honorable to her—how would he de
plore the position she has assumed towards the gov
ernment-of our common country, and the solemn
provisions of its'Constitution, were he now living to '
witness the triumph of sectional feelings over the dic
tates of duty ana patriotism? Let us hope tlmt
this is but a temporary delusion, and that it will
soon pass away, leaving our institutions unscathed,
and the fraternal tie which still binds us together
unimpaired.
I am, dear sir, with much regard, respectfully
yours, Lewis Cass.
Peter Harvey, Esq., Boston.
3lr* Toombs’ Lecture on Shivery in Bo ion.
In accordance with an invitation extended some
time since to various Southern gentlemen, the Hon.
Robert Toombs, of Georgia, appeared at iheTrc
inont Temple, Boston, on the evening of the 24th
lilt . and addressed a large audience.
We find in the Boston .Journal an abstract of the
speech, and learn that Mr. T. was treated very re
spectfully, with the exception of u slight indecorum,
in the middle of the speech and at the close, on the
part of two or three individuals, strongly con
demned by tho respectable portion of tlu* Boston
press. The Journal says :
“Before entering upon his subject. Mr. Toombs
said that he was not unconscious that the views he
had to utter were not in harmony or unison with the
opinions of the great majority of those before him.
lie accepted the invitation to appear, with a desire
to present the subject of slavery from a different
stand point from what it is usually viewed here,
with the hope that it might modify, those asperities
which ought not to exist between the people of
this nation. He proposed to consider the subject
in two particulars; First, what constitutes the
status of slavery in the United States; and, sec
ond, what is the effect, of slavery on the slave him
self, and on society where he exists ; and he hoped
to do it in a spirit of candor and fairness becoming
a freeman.”
Mr. Toombs gave a review of the history of the
formation of the Constitution of the United States,
the powers given under it, and the course of some of
the New England States, by which the African slave
trade was continued twenty years longer than was
desired by Maryland and Virginia. During that
period one hundred thousand Africans woiv brought
to this country in Northern ships. On referring to
clauses of the Constitution which protected slavoiy
—such as those for the ret urn of fugitives and for the
suppression of domestic insurrection—some of the
audience uttered a hiss, at which the lecturer re
marked that “he did not put that clause there ; I am
only giving the history of the action of your fathers
and mine; you may hiss them if you choose.”
These principles, Mr. T. remarked, were generally
acquiesced in by the whole people of th<- United
States, enforced by every President from Washing
ton to Pierce, and sustained by numerous judicial
and legislative decisions ; and but for the acquisi
tion of new territory the questions which now agi
tate the country never would have arisen.
Mr. T. then reviewed the practice of the Govern
ment on the subject of slavery, showing that Vir
ginia made her grant of land to the General Govern
ment with an anti-slavery provision, whilst North
Carolina made her grant with a pro-slavery provi
sion, and gave a history of the subsequent struggles
on the admission of new States. He also considered
the effect of the institution of slavery on the slave
and on society at the South, and said:
“ That the comparison which good men often
made of the South with the North was not a fail
one. The question is not whether the South would
be better with a million of freemen than with half a
million of freemen andjhulf a million of slaves; but
whether, having the half milflßiof slaves, it would
be better to have them in subordination than in
freedom? He argued that the Southern States
found the slaves among them at the time of the
adoption of the Constiution. In their judgment
these Africans were not adequate to participate in
the privileges of freemen, and so they excluded
them from thal right, and in his opinion wisely.—
Mr. T. referred to history’, going back to the time of
the Egyptians, to show that the African race had
ever been held in servitude, and argued that this
history showed that the race, in its own county, is
incapable to take the first, step in civilization, it is
a race without letters, without arts, or civilization,
or religion; without even those aspirations which
would raise to idolatry a race which, if it should be
blotted from the land in which Providence has
placed it, in twenty years no evidence of its ever
having existed could be found. This race, he ar
gifed, was the only one which was never found in
any other condition than servitude.”
Other view’s were presented, to show that the
influence of slavery was not to debase society,
as often urged in some quarters, but that history
proved that it had existed in those nations most
renowned for their attainments in the arts and
in civilization. The reporter for the Journal says:
“The lecture was an hour and a half in length, and
for the most part was listened to in a respectful and
attentive manner. The speaker was carnet and el
oquent in his delivery, and presented his arguments
with much power.”
Mr. Toombs was the guest, during his stay in Bos
ton, of the Hon. William Appleton and the Hon.
Nathan Appleton, and was accompanied by them
to the platform, a guaranty for gentlemanly and
courteous treatment in the main. The exceptions
teferred to can scarcely be considered as compro
mittingthe character of a Boston audience, since
rude men are to be found everywhere. The repor
ter properly characterizes the conduct of some of the
audience at the close as “an ungentlemanly act.”—
Nxt. Intelligencer.
Memphis and Charleston Railroad. —This great
enterprise seems to be progre.-dng on steadily to its
completion. Tlu. eastern portion of th* road, ex
tending from Stevenson, (tin point of intersection
with the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad, near
the Tennessee river,; to Tuscnmbia, a distance of
129 miles, was all completed and the locomotives
running on it in December, except a tew miles this
side of Huntsville, (and would have likewise been
finished by Ist January.) wiien .the bridge over the
Tennessee river, on the Nashville and Chattanooga
road, was burnt, and their supply of iron for these
few miles thereby cut oft'. The bridge will be re
built again, however f by the 1‘ of March n< xt, and
the iron be immediately laid on the track, anu the
co min unicat ion by steam thus l>e opened from
Charleston to Tuscumbla—a distance of nearly 600
miles. This will then leave a gap of but 60 or 70
miics unfinished, of the whole line t«» Memphis, and
that is u t ier contract to be completed by Ist Janua
ry’, 1857 ; but an unexpected difficulty, it appears,
arose with regard to the funds necessary to complete
this gap. The Legislature of Alabama made an ap
propriation of S3(M 1,000 in aid of this work, but the
Governor vetoed it. Undismayed, however, by this
circumstance, the friends of the measure again
brought it up in the Legislature, and passed it by a
constitutional majority, over the head of the Gover
nor, and it Is now a law of the State of Alabama, as
we learn from a letter received by a friend in this
city from the able and indefatigable President of the
Memphis and Charleston Railroad, dated .Montgom
ery, th< 23d inst. This appropriation, we are in
formed, places the company in an independent and
commanding position, and renders the completion of
the great work certain and easy within the course of
the present year, and without the necessity of resort
ing to any forced or expensive means of raising
money from its own resources.— Charleston Courier.
Paymf.ntof Members of Congress.— lt may
not, perhaps, be generally known that during the
present unorganized condition of the House of
Representatives, no money can be drawn from the
United States Treasury for the payment of members
ofthat branch of Congress. In this condition of affairs
A. J. Glossbrenner. Esq., the Sergeant-nt-Anns of
the last House, and who is still acting in that capacity
having been applied to by members of Congress for
money to meet their present necessities, procured
funds from some of tne Pennsylvania banks, on hi a
own responsibility, paying it out to them and taking
their receipts for the same. The bankers of Wash
ington, aside from the banks themselves, have not
loaned to Mr. Gftossbreuner one collar: but tbe banks
have liberally. This course of the Sergeant-at-Arms
has had the effect of depriving some of the brokers
on the avenue, of many a good, fat shave, and
causes much complaint among them.
There As now due to members, on account of per
diem and mileage ,*about £290.900, of which it is said,
Mr. Glossbrenner has paid to them about £9,1*10.
Richmond Dispatch.
Reasons for Wearing a Moustache. —Punch has
questioned one thousand persons, with the following
results: To avoid shaving, 6s; to avoid catching
cold, 32; to hide their teeth, 5; to take away from
a prominent nose, 3; to avoid being taken as an
Englishman abroad, 7 ; because they are in the ar
my, 6 ; because they have been ni tiie army, 2><U;
because Prince Albert does it, 2; because it i-* artis
tic, 29, because you are a singer. 3: because you
travel agreaddeal, 1 7 ; because you have lived kmg
on the continents. 3; because th** wife likes it, 8:
because you have weak lungs, 5 . lieeause it is heal
thy, V ; because the young ladies admire it, 471;
because it is considered “the thing,” 10; because
he chooses, i. The last is the best reason,
I An Ocean River in the Pacific*
Lieut . Bent, of the United States Navy, read an
interesting paper before the Geographical and Sta
tistical Society last evening, on the existence of an
Ocean River in tin* Pacific, flowing to the north
ward and eastward, along the coast of Asia, and
corresponding, iu ever}- essential particular, with
the Gult Stream of the Atlantic. By a series of
careful observations with barometers and air and
water thermometers, together with abstracts from
the logs of the winds, currents aud daily positions
of tne ships of the Pacific squadron, the data from
which were made diagrams of various passages
between the different points on the Asiatic coast
and the eastern half of the Pacific Ocean, were
obtained.
These diagrams show an increased temperature
of botli sea and water the moment this stream
is entered, but that of the water is generally the
greater, and so continues until the stream is’ left.
On the northwestern edge, the transactions are
comparatively abrubt, but less so on the south
east era; and along the whole line of the stream, as
'veil as in the middle of it, strong tide rips, resem
bling heavy breakers oil shoals of reefs, are con
stantly encountered.
liie existence of a strong North-East current on
the coast ot Japan was noticed by Cook and other
early navigators, and the Japanese have given it
the name of the “Kuro-Siwo,” or “Black Stream,”
from its dark blue color, as compared with that of
the adjacent ocean. Springing from the great
Equatorial current oi the Pacific, the oceanic stream
extends from the Tronic of Cancer on the north to
Capricorn, with a width on the south of three thou
sand miles, and a velocity of from twenty to sixty
miles a day. 3
Upon reaching the coast of Asia, it is diverted to
the West, and in passing through the great Poly
:u■"inn Archipelago, is split into innumerable
streams, which diffuse a fertililizing warmth over
all that portion of the globe. The “Kuro-Siwo,”
which extends from the southern end of the island of
Formosa to the Straits of Sangor, is,. consequently,
an offshoot of the parent stream. It washes the
whole coast ot Japan as far as the Straits of Sangor,
separatin'; Niplion from Jeeso, with an average ve
locity oi l rom 35 to 40 miles, and* a width varyiug
from 100 to 500 miles. At this point a current of
cold water, running counter, and intervening be
f'veen it und the southern aud custom coast of Jesso,
is encountered. It is supposed to proceed from the
Art tic Ocean, and is so powerful that a vessel at
tempting to make headway against it, is almost sure
to be drifted to the southwest.
Striking resemblances between the “Kuro-Siwo”
and the Gulf Stream may be traced—such as the co
incidonces in their recurvation, aud in the straits of
cold water lying iu the longitudinal direction of each
of them.
The influence of the Kuro-Siwo upon the climates
of Japan and the west coast of North America, is,
as might be expected, as striking as that of the
Gulf Stream on the coast bordering the North
Atlantic. From the insular position of Japan, with
the intervening sea between it ami the continent
of.Asia, it has a more equable climate than we
enjoy in the United States ; and since the counter
current of the Kuro-Siwo does not make its ap
p< arance on the eastern shores of the islands south
of the Straits of Sangar, and as these islands, in a
geographical position, have a more eastwardlv direc
tion than our coast, the Kuro-Siwo, unlike the
Gulf Stream, sweeps close along its shore, giving a
milder climate to that portion of the empire than is
enjoyed in corresponding latitudes in the United
St ales.
The softening influence of the Kuro-Siwo is felt
on the coasts of Oregon and California, but in a less ,
degree, perhaps, than those of the Gulf Stream on
the coust of Europe, owing to the greater width of
the Pacific ocean over the Atlantic.
Still, the winters are so mild in Puget’s Sound, in
lat. IS North, that snow rarely falls there, and the
inhabitants are never enabled to till their ice houses
for the summer, and vessels trading to Petropaulow
ski and the coast of Kumtschatka, when becoming 1
umvicldly from accumulation of ice on their hulls
and rigging, run over to a higher latitude on the
American const, and thaw out, in the same man
ner that vessels frozen up on our own coast retreat
again into the Gulf Stream until favored by an east
erly wind.
Commodore Perry and several of our leading ship
masters engaged in the Pacific commerce, were
pri sent during the reading of Lieut. Bent’s paper.—
N. Y.Jour. of Com.
From the. National Intelligencer.
iVlcteoroloKicnl Phenomenon.
Thursday morning, the 24th instant, has been spo
ken of as one of the coldest this season, thermometer*
in this city indicating two and three degrees beloiv
zero at 7 o’clock. At Grafton Cottage the thermo
meter indicated at that time fourteen degrees
zero , and at Linnean Hill, Joshua Pierce’s resi
dence, at the same hour the thermometer indicated
twit re above zero. Riding into the city in the morn- '
ing, I struck the belt of the cold air at Boundary
street. The atmosphere of the city was so loaded
with smoke as to be very oppressive until the luDgs
became accustomed to it. This morning, January 1
26th, the thermometer in the country stood at six
degrees above Zero at seven o’clock. Noticing be- 1
fore|l left home that the general aspect of the wea- 1
ther was similar to thatof Thursday morning, ami ‘
that a cloud of smoke enshrouded the city, I re- '
marked to my fellow-traveller that it was prudent
to dress very warm, for we were going to the city ;
and so it proved. Exactly at Boundary street we '
struck the belt of cold air, and the cold seemed to
increase a* we approached Pennsylvania avenue.
The atmosphere was more smoky than on Thursday.
< In inquiry I found that the thermometer in the city
had indicated seven degrees below zero at seven
o’clock. Thus it appears that this morning the dif
ference in the temperatures in two localities about a
mile and a half apart was thirteen degree*, and on
Thursday morning the difference was sixteen degrees.
If Lieut. Maury’s system of meteorological ob
servations had been in operation at this time
it would have been highly interesting and im
portant to trace out the limits of this intense
and local cold and learn its true cause. This
very marked difference of temperatures shows
the importance of gathering observations from nu
merous and scattered observers, and that no single
report can be reliable for any thing more than the
precise situation of a single thermometer. For in
stance, an observation at the Smithsonian Institution
or the National Observatory will not give the tem
perature for the District of Columbia, nor even
Washington county, nor can an extended series of
observations at those institutions furnish sufficient
elements for deducing the mean of tempareture for
this limited territory. Five or six observers at least
would be required to givea reliable mean for Wash
ington alone. Chas. G. Pack.
From the London Daily News.
British Vine of the Contest for Speakership in
/hr House of Representative*.^ This obstiuate con
test is a good sign of the prosperous condition of the
United States, both in their foreign and domestic
relations. Did an enemy stand at their gates, were
a commercial crisis impending, were a servile war
raging in the Southern States, the election of Speak
er would not be spun out to such a length. All other
considerations would be flung to the winds in order
that Congress might proceed without delay to con
cert, measures for averting the danger. * But the
United States have peace within their borders and
beyond them. With ample elbow-room in their ex
tensive and thinly-peopled territory, with an ample
field of remunerative employment for a thousand
times the capital and labor they can command, men
have no temptation to civil broils ; and, unless they
force a quarrel on some foreign nation, no people or
government have anything to gain by attacking
them. The annual meetings of their Representa
tives are devoted to routine business, which might
stand over for a year or two, without seriously in
juring them. They are the political locus-eaters of
the modem world ; they can afford to indulge in
leisure and procrastination. Felices si bona sua
norint. The nation of the Old World have the wolf
constantly at the door, and must dearly abide any
moment of precious time they let slip.
Cure for Whooping Cough and Croup.—
A correspondent ot the N. Y. Evening Post furnishes
the following receives for two of the most common
diseases among children, viz : whooping cough and
croup. The remedies cost nothing, can be adminis
tered by anybody, and are always at hand. The
croup remedy, he says, will cure in two hours© :
Whooping Cough, —The best kind of coffee, pre
pared as for the table, aad given as a common drink
to the child as warm as it can be drank ; and a piece
of aiuiu for the child to lick as often as it may wish.
Most children are fond of alum, and will get all they
need without being urged, but if they dislike it, they
must be made to taste of it eight or ten times in the
course of the day. It will effectually break up the
worst case of whooping cough in a very short time.
To udults, and children in the habit of taking coffee,
the remedy is good for nothing.
For the Cure of Crovp. —A piece of fresh lard, as
large as a butternut, rubbed up with sugar, in the
same way that butter and sugar are prepared for the
dressing of puddings, divided into three parts, and
given at intervals of twenty minutes will relieve any
case of-croup not already allowed to progress to the
fatal point.
A Canadian Paper on the President’s Mes
sage.—The editor of the Montreal Argus, not hav
ing tile fear of Queen Victoria before his eyes, has
the hardihood to write thus of that portion of Presi
dent Pierce’s message that discusses the question of
British enlistments :
“ The enlistment of soldiers in the United States
for the British army during the past year, with the
sanction of the British Government, is an aet that
cannot be too strongly reprobated. The remarks of
the President on this flagrant insult to the national
sovereignty, severe as they are, are less so than the
occasion would have justified. The nation he re
presents ha. 1 : a right to demand not merely the ces
sation of the practice, but signal reparation for the
injury inflicted.”
Slaves •*'n Transit tnrough Pensylrania. —A cor
respondent of the Philadelphia Ledger, writing from
Harrisburg, about the proceedings of the Pennsylva
nia Legislature, says:—ln a few days, the Com
mittee of the Judiciary, in the House will make a
written report on the subject of transit through the
Commonwealth of Southerners with their slave prop
my. The majority report will take the grouna that
such right exists, and hat not been impaired by our
legislation ; while the minority will hold the position
that such right does not exist, and has been express
ly prohibited by the legislation of 1847.
Simple Mode of Cutting Stone. —Among the
French machinery will be found a very ingenious
and simple mode of cutting stone, exhibited by a
man named Chevaliere. He causes a wire to run
at a high velocity over the surface which he wishes
to diseet, and by dropping on it a mixture of sand
and water the operation is rapidly completed. The
hardest granites yield so quickly to this process that
the inventor can with one-horse power seperate it
at the rate of a square foot per hour, the wire run
ning at the rate of forty feet per second. Using the
ordinary saw, the same amount of work would re
quire three-horse power, and would expend fifteen,
francs worth of material, instead of one franc, winch
is all that the wire costs. —London Mining Journal
Unprecedented Production of Iron in a Charcoal
Furnace from the Iron Mountain Ore. —The Ame
rican Iron Mountain Company have their So 3 fur
nace at the Iron Mountain in blast, producing an
average yield of seventeen tons per day, and some
days as high as 18 tons of No. 1 foundry metal,
blown with hot blast. The height of the furnace is
38£ feet, 9 feet diameter of bosh, and 3 feet funnel
head. This is unprecedented in the history of char
coal furnaces, either in this country of Europe, and
is attributable alone to the superior quantity of toe
great mass of ore. Tue ore yields through the fur
nace about 56 per cent, consumes about 126 bushels
of coal per ton of metal, and about eight per cent, of
limestone.— St. Louis Republican^
The Mrihodist Book Concern. —The Northwes
tern Christian Advocate says of the Methodist Book
Concern, that “it commenced in 1789, in Philadel
phia, under the supervision of Hev. John Dickens,
the first book steward, agent and editor of the Metb
dist Episcopal Church, with a borrowed capital of
$608: and though losing in 1833, by fire, neariy
this institution now possesses a capital of
over three-quarters of a million, and a grand total
of its sales for the past fiscal yea t. reached the turn
of $631,169. It has now been in existence sixty-six
years. The tract and periodical department* are
but branches of the great trunk concern.”—Rich
mond Dispatch.
According to the C owner do, a respectable Oporto
paper, alt the worst anticipations of the vintage of
the Alto Douro for the past year will be realized. A
I list is given of 45 cultivators, possessing 68 vine
yards, and their produce for 185 d is compared with
I t hat of the average of former years. The result is
t pipes, against 5156 pipes. Taking this a* a guide
I for ostunuting the whole production it is presumed
1 that it will not this year exceeding7s per cent of the
* average quantity.
VOL. LXX. — NEW SERIES VOL. XX. NO. 6.
Transmitted from the Baltimore America::.
i THIRTY-FOURTH CO\GKEs*S.»fir»t m>*hiob.
i Washington, Jan. 24.— Senate.— In the Senate
to-day was received a Message from the President,
in regard to affair* in Kansas, in which lie urgently
recommends the adoption of such measures ns the
exigency of the case appear* to require. The organ
ization of Kansas has been attended by serious dif
ficulties and embarrassments, resulting partly from
the local administration ami partly from the unjusti
fiable interference on the port of the inhabitant* of
other States, with a view foreign to the interest* of
the territory.
The message was referred to the committee on
judiciary.
Mr. Clayton, of Del, presented a communication
from the President transmitting a copy of the litter
from Lord John Russell to Mr. CrampLm, dated
J&n. 19th, 1853, in which he declare* on behalf of
Great Britain that that Government, ini- uds to ad
here strictly to the Treaty of Washington, Apr;
1850, and not to assume any sovereignty directly or
indirectly in Central America.
Mr. Clayton moved that the communication be
printed, aud expatiated on the usurpations of Great
Britain mid the tortuous diplomacy of her minister,
stigmatising it a* disgraceful.
Mr. Cass, of Michigan, desired to speak, but not
being well, yicMedthe floor to
Mr. Mason, vi Va., who thought the debab not
now exactly proper, either as regarded the condi
tion of the question or country. When .ihe Prcsi
dent presented it to Congress it would conn in a
tangible form, and he believed there would bo np
difference of opinion as to the iucumbent duty of tliis
Government. England will be held io a stri. i per
formance of her obligations arising under this treatv.
Mr. Seward j of New York, argued that the aclinic
ahouldnot be indulged in, until the House could be
organized, but thought that there should be u > un
necessary delay in the settlement of thecontroversv.
Mr. Cass saw no reason why the subject should not
be fully discussed, and moved to postpone its
further consideration till Monday.
This motiou was agreed to, and the Senate ad
journed until Mondav.
HOUSE.
In the House Mr. Fuller of Pa., witedrewhis name
from the contest for the speakership.
The resolution of Mr. Rust of Arkuus-'s, offered
yesterday declaring that Messrs. Fuller, Rieharo'suq
and Banks Would remove an unsurmountable ob
stacle to the organization by withdrawing the ; ."
names, was laid on the table by a minority of one.
A ballot was then had which resulted as follows :
N. P. Banks, Jr., (F. 8.) Mas* :>t>
Jas. L. Orr, (Deni.) S. C »N
H. M. Fuller, (Am.) Pa 12
L. D. Campbell, (F. S.) Ohio 3
Scattering 6
Necessary to a choice, 102. So there was no
election.
Another ballot was hail, with about the same
result.
The President’s “Kansas” Message was then
received, read amid great confusion, and laid on the
table.
The House then adjourned.
Washington, Jan. 26.—The Senate was not in
session to-day.
HOUSE.
Mr. Dunn offered a series of resolutions, the first
being a* follows:
1 . Resolved, That regarding the political com
plexion of the present House of Representatives a*
indicating the undoubted sentiment of a large ma
jority of the people of the United States against the
act of the last Congress, repealing the restriction
against slavery in the territones of Kansas and Ne
braska, imposed by the compromise of 1830, no mail
ought to be chosen Speaker of this body who does
not fully and heartily harmonize with that sentiment,
or who will hesitate to exen himself earnestly for
the restoration of that restriction, iu terms or'sub
stance.
This was rejected—veas 102, nays 103.
2. Resolved, That the *aid restriction ought to be
restored a* an act of justice to all the people of the
Unit ed States, as a proper vindication ol the u isdom,
patriotism, and plighted honor of the great «tates
man who imposed it, and a necessary and certain
means of reviving that concord and harmony among
the States of the American Union, which are essential
to the welfare of our people and the prosperity of our
institutions,
This was agreed to. Yens 101 ; nays 100.
3. Resolved, That a useless and factious agitation
of the slavery question, in or out of Congress, i* mi- '
wise, unjust to a portion of the American people, 4
and to some extent injurious to every section-of our
country, and therefore should not be countenanced; '
but until the Missouri reel fiction of 1820 shall be '
restored, in fact or in substance, to the said territo- 1
ries of Kansas and Nebraska, fully and completely, ,
to that extent and for that purpose it i* our solemn ,
duty to the past, the present and the future,
solemnly and firmly to persist in our efforts.
This was rejected. Yea* 100; nays 103.
Mr. Fuller, of Pennsylvania, offered the following
resolution:
Resolved , That any agitation of the question of
slavery, in or out of Congress, is unwise unjust to n
portion of the American people, injurious to every
section of our country, aud therefore should not be
countenanced. .
The resolution was agreed to—yeas lftl, nays 100.
Mr. Letcher said that they had hud obstructions
enough to satisfy a Virginian even, nail there!ore
moved that the House adjourn. But the motion
was disagreed to—-yeas 83, Jiavs 95.
Mr. Meacham offered the following resolution:
Resolved, Thatin the opinion of this House the
repeal of the Missouri Compromise of 1830, prohibit
ing slavery north of latitude 36- 3ff was an example
of useless and factious agitation of the slavery ques
tion, unwise and aujust to t he American people.
The resolution was adopted—yeas 408, nays 93.
And the House adjourned.
The following was the vote on Mr. Meacham's re
solution :
Yeus—Messrs. Albright, Allison, Ball,Banks,Bar
hour, H. Bennett, Benson, Billinghumt, Binguuii,
Bishop, Bliss, Bradshaw, Bionton, Broom, Butting
ton, Burlingame, Lewis I). Campbell, Chaffee, Ezra
Clark, Clawsou, Colfax. Comins, Covode, Cragin,
Cum buck, Damrell, Timothy Davis, D.y. Dean,
DeVVitt, I)iek, Dickson, Dodd, Dunn, Dunce. Stile,
Emrie, Etheridge, Giddingp, Gilbert, Granger,
Grow, Robert I{. Hall, Harbin, Harrison, Hav en,
Holloway, T. E. Horton, V. li. Hortoii Jh.n u
Kelsey. King, Knapp, Knight, Know Hon, Jv.no.v
KurkeJ, Leituer, Matfcesou. MeCuriy, Meacham K.
Miller, Millward, Moore. Morgan,. Morrill. M<*u,
Murray, Nichols, Norton, A. Oliver. Parker, Pc. mi,
Pennington, Perry, Pel tit, Pike, Pringir. Pur vi.
Robbins, Roberts, Sabin, Sapp, Scott,
Simmons, Spinner, Slant on, M rai.aii..n, T-;;pan,
Thorington, T muton, Todd, Wade, Wakcnmu
Walbridge, Waulion, Cadw/iindir C. W.i.-h'ai
Elihu B. Washburne, Israel Washburn..-.
Welch, Wells. Wheeler, Whitney, Wood, Woodruff,
Woodworth—loß.
Nays—Messrs. Aiken. Allen, Barclay, Bio 1,-dale.
Bell, 11. S. Bennett, Bocock,Bowie, Boyce,B men,
Burnett, Cudwalader, John I J Campbell, ( • t lit .
ruthers, Caskie, Ciingmau. Howell Cobb, Wi.i. m
son R. W. Cobb, Cox, Davidson, 11. \V. Davis,
Dowdell,, Edmuudson, Eiliott, English, Eustis,
Evans, Faulkner, Foster, Henry M. Fuller, Thornes
J. D. Fuller, Goode,Greenwood, Augustus Hall, ,T.
M. Harris, Sampson W. Harris, Thomas L. Hams,
Herbert, Hoffman, Houston, Jewett, George W.
Jones, J. Glancv Jones, Kelly, Ken nett, Kidweil.
Lake, Letcher, Lindley, Lurnpkin, Humphrey Mar
shall, Samuel 8. Marshall. Maxwell, McMullen, Mc-
Queen, Smith, Miller, Mill son, Moraecai Oliver, Orr,
Parker, Paine, Peck, Phelps, Porter, Powell, Quit
man. Ready, Ricaud, Richardson, Robison, Ruffin,
Sandidge, Savage, William Smith, William R. Smith,
Sneed, Stephens, Stewart, Swope, Talbott, Taylor,
Trippe, Underwood, # Valk, Walker, Wturner, Wat
kins, Williams, Winslow, Daniel B. Wright, John
V. Wright and Zollicoffer—93.
IN SENATE Jan. 28.
In the Senate this morning. Senator Bigler, of
Pennsylvania, appeared, and was qualified and
took his sent.
Mr. Fitzpatrick gave notice that he will to-morrow
move to proceed to the election of a Printer of the
Senate.
Mr. Cass addressed the Senate, and the galleries
and lobbies were densly cfWded. In alluding to
Central American affairs he adverted, in the course
of his remarks, to an intimation made by the Nation
al Intelligencer “that the country might, be drifting
into difficulties.” He said he did not believe it—he
thought that the ship of State was on its true course,
and the pilot doing his duty.
Mr. Cass used strong language denunciatory of
the positions assumed by the British government re
lative to the protectorate in Central America, char
acterizing the pretension of setting up a king over
the Mosquito Indians as a mere mockery, under
which England alone exercised real sovereignty.
This statement was corroborated by Mr. Clayton
who read extracts from documents to show that the
British Vice-Consul was the real Governor of Mos
quito, and gave titles to land in h ! s own name.
Mr. Collainer gave his views relative to the con
struotion of the Clayton and Bulwer treaty, showing
that there was no possible pretext for tfu* present
assumption of England that the occupation sic
agreed not to exercise was only prospective and had
no reference to the occupation whicn she then held.
He however, thought the time for legislative ac
tion had not arrived inasmuch as the President in
his annual message expressed hopes that there might
still be an amicable aqjurtment of the controversies
between this Government and Great. Britain.
Mr. Seward here obtained the floor when the sub
ject was postponed arc! the Senate adjourned till
Thursday.
HOUSE.
Immediately after reading the journal this morn
ing, Mr. Leiter offered a resolution for the election of
Speaker by the plurality vote.
On motion of Mr. Wheeler it was tabled —aves 106
—nays 100.
Mr Tyson submitted a lesolution in h spirit of
compromise for aneleetion by ft plurality vote giv
ing candidates receiving not less than twenty-live
votes the appointment of standing committees in
proportion to their relative strength—rejected.
Mr. Campbell, of Ohio, called attention to a letter
written by his colleague Mr. Wade, published in
the Cleveland Hera.-I, severely reflecting on Mr.
Campbell and ei hers .n connection with Mr.Thoring
ton’s resolution, heretofore offered, declaring Mr.
Campbell,of Ohio, Speaker.
Mr. Campbell denied that he had knowledge of
Mr. Thorington’s intent I >u and repelled the imputa
tion of treachery on his part.
Mr. Thorington testified to this, and pronounced
Mr. Wade’s remarks os to Mr. Campbell, twmitigu
t'-dly false, in inference and in fact.
Mr. Leiter and Sherman severally Sf.id Mr. Camp
bell would have appealed to Mr.Thorington t.> win
draw his resolution while it was being voted for, had
they not dissuaded him.
Mr. Dunn said—
Mr. Wade sent his slanders abroad covertly, not
having courage to assert them openly. liun attacks
were uke those of an assassin. •
Mr. Wade explained —In that letter he made no
direct charge, but thought he was warranted in
drawing his inference from facts then transpiring.
After other explanations, the House ag»uu voted,
as follows:—Banks 97, Orr 67, Fuller 3.>, Penning
ton 3, Edie 2, Harris, of Illinois, and Williams 1 ;
necessary to a choice 104.
The Mouse then adjourned.
Washington Jan. 29.
The Senate was not session to-day.
The Democratic Senators held a caucus this morn
ing and nominated the proprietor ot the Ur:.on f->r
Senate Printer, by a vote of J 8 to 5.
HOUSE.
Mr. Underwood off*-red a resolution that every
member of the House be voted for iu rotation until
some one shall receive a majority of the votes curt,
provided it be a majority of a quorum. L Sp- ak
er be elected in this way, a seh-cliou shall be made
from the two who slmil nave received the highest
number of votes While thus voting uo debate nor
personal explanations shall be in order except by
unanimous consent. _
Mr. Richardson remarked the difficulty was, that
they had already too many candidates, and il<. reso
lution makes more.
Mr. Undeiwood said he would not press the con
sideration of this resolution till to-morrow.
Mr. Crawford gave notice that he would to-mor
row offer a resolution to elect a Speaker in one of
the ways provided in the Constitution r or the election
of a President—namely, by States, each State cast
ing one vote for that officer.
Mr. A. K. Marshall offered a resolution suggest
ing the duty <>f the respective parties in the House
withdrawing their nominations, leaving each mem
ber free from the control of caucus dictation, so t fiat
the House may make a selection of .uch a Speaker
as the best interests of the country require. Though
offered without consultation with the American
party, he ventured the assertion that, if the resolu
tion passed, they would be ready to accede to one
of two propositions. First—They will name a man
of the Democratic party and unite on ldin. or,
wwimllj—th© Democrat* may take a candidate
f.iin the A .ici.iaiis, both partial voting for him.
, He knew ila candidate be seleeivd fromthe Ameri
cans they could elect him.
Mr. 31 illson said he thought the election ofaspeok
er liau probably been defeated by nomira'ions
made al file commencement,of the session. Much
blame was attributable to all parties uud he
his share of the censure.
Mr. Allison said the resolutions related to the
ni pieip.es "1 Squatter Sovereignty as asserted by
r,- clUo party —letting the people take care
. r' , i ♦ v ? s The Republicans have selected their
candidate; let them be governed by their own ideas
° Vi To’ ' Vll^' ut outside interference..
'- IV' 1 justified the proceedings
ot the I torn. n-tHiio caucus. He had no idea of
S a l'n ltrf a T' , ‘ offensive to any party,
iif- u-iioye the best interests of the country would
sutler d these principles would be sacrificed in order
to elect a Speaker.
Mr. W irilm-y opposed the resolution. He would
, fHUn: • yy up caucus or combination to support
the adminis:ration in irs present position.
% Considered the resolution of the Derno-
nTri^ l<,olle,K4iVein * ,a tenns ttuc * insulting
Mr. 3I» Mnllen vindicated the Democratic oauoua
rr h w;r sine • .Mr. Fuller, of Pennsylvania, defined
v'VIV.. combination ol the latter 1 * and
s Inends have effected an election. It was
1 otu.mgb to propose a fusion of these forces
wf;cn it was shown that they can succeed in tho
coulee of a Speaker.
3; • Kicliaid ;(-died attention to the fact that
v\ uije ojn» Aoiv-ric to {Mr. Marshall) proposed a union
of two Omui m.-.iibers of that party (Messrs. Whit
ney :.iid ( ttih i.) said they could vote tor no Demo
• nit. . i .km him to say thutii the na
tie.ml .\ . tlesireu connexion, they must come
to the Democrats.
Mi. M.;snail lure withdrew his resolution.
Mr. of Mary land, offered a resolution
thm witn the concurrence of the Senate, if wo speak
ei be c.ucrvd betorc (ho loth of February, the House
adjourn till the 15th of Mav. In the course of ins
‘■f" a , l ; l:a - m •> Ivu mtv Os Ids reeoiu he mud
that Lie members, utter consulting with their con*
■
j rcswhr.am wasUk on the table,
ihe tious** then j;r >e«.edt*d to the eiegUott of a
ver, with the lodowxng resultßanks, Hi) ;
ix- u- Gl : 31; Bennington, 3 ; Readv, ■<> ;
u id and >. ( . AUep, 1
numocr ol votes ytd ; necessary to a choice Hit}.
Mr. jMutney offered u resolution declaring
ceded Speaker ot th- House. The blank to be filled
up witn the name oi the member who shall receive
the mojoi ity ot the votes of the House.
Attei some debate, the resolution, on motion of
Mr. Letcher was laid upon the table—yeas, 153 :
nays, ‘lit. Tin* House then adjourned.
[1 he dispatch in yesterday's issue relative to tho
tabling of the Resolution offered in the House on
Monday by Mr. Loiter, for the adoption of the plu
rality rule in the election of a Speaker, contains an
error, made in transcribing. Ir should have read
thus: Mr. Loiter s resolution for the adoption of
the plurality rule in the election ol Speaker, was
tabled by the combined vote of Mr. Orr’a and Mr
Fuller’s supporters together with Messrs. Campbell,
ot Ohio, Moore, Harrison and Wheeler. Mr. Bar
clay was the only Democrat voting against tabling
the resolution.]
Washington, Jan. 30.
Tho Senate was not in session to-day.
HOUSE.
Mr. Crawford offered a resolution for the election
ol a Speaker bv the several States, each east ing one
vote, lie saidthc House was absolutely bringing
itselt into contempt. There was less anxiety on the
pari ol the people relative to organization now than
there was four weeks ago. He appeals to the State
Rights men to sustain the proposition.
Mr. Todd remarked that the proposition was re
pugnant to the constitution of this house. Members
mv line to represent the people, and not indepen
dent sovereignties It would be unjust because it
would give power to the minority to organize. If gen
tlemen are anxious to organize on the expressed
will of the people, they should give way to a groat
Not hern majority
On motion of Air. Todd, the resolution was tabled
—yeas 135, nays 7 A
Mr. Clingman offered a resolution for the election
ot Speaker by a plurality vote, if no choice be nmdo
on the next three trials, viva vorr.
Mr. t'lingman explained the views which govern
ed him in ottering the resolut ion ; and, in the course
of his remarks said that n minority must concur iu
an election, under the operation of his proposition
Mr. Herbert appealed to tho conservative mem
bers to oppose the election of Mr. Banks, whom
lie regarded as the representative of Hint fanaticism
which would undermine the fair fabric of the Consti
tution.
Mr. Bennett, of New-York, thought that under
the* present circumstances the plurality system was
tin* only lair mode remaining for the election of a
Speaker.
Mr. Letcher thought the result of this resolution
was fixed ami certain ; namely, the election of Mr.
Banks. Looking at. the present state of ihe elements,
he could not recognizer principle which was calcu
lated to place the South at u greater disadvantage
than si: now occupies.
Mr. Boyce was likewise of the opinion that it
would be one ot the greatest misfortunes for the
country to elect Mr. Banks, on account of his politi
cal sentiments, which, if carried out, would result in
death to the Constitution and iu revolution.
Mr. Humphrey Marshal! said that although the
great mass of the 1 tcmoerats would vote against the
resolution, yet a sufficient number would be divert
ed to effect the purpose. The people would hold
them responsible lor the consequences, as much us
they would the man who should throw a lighted
squib into a powder lmuse.
Mr. Greenwood moved that the resolution be
laid on the table—but the niotiou did not prevail—
yeas I S, nays 10$—a tie.
The House then ordered the main question to be
pul , by a majority ol one vote—yeas l‘>B, nays 107.
(In some pin ts nf the House there were deniot.stru
fiotis of applause.
The question was then taken on the adoption of
tne resolution and it was rejected— veus lU6, nays
IT*. *
The Home- then adjourned.
H ■■'■'fun 'tmi, Jan. 3d.—When flic main q’.cjrx ,
w;«> -r iered to-day in the fl..u«f ... Cm m >
■■-•i u...
I! 1 < p ■■■■ ; •« » • >n t! ■ ... tlu
*«»* ul “ .. til-jmitil imtß-ip.itiuiix how iro
w.-rc sn.iti <J.ji;ijip,iintf,.t by the Iv.iente.ll of th. pro
yiijignmu, HkkmKu, BwcUy, and Herbert, Deniu
ri.iis, iii oli.m with the li. |iiil)li. iinß The
I).- iioei.it - -ii.:! A ii-'i i.viut*in upp :-iii->:i were ii.i.,ed
1 '• > ' *:. Uarri*.... Mo it'.vt n
aini »i. uen.i'lv styled “imp aeiieabiis,'’ and
Mr. C. iiipbell, i Oluu.
Copurr M>ul of'— Tin .. ,:.il mu - at the Minne
xrj " Mine. •■(> I S dlirday,” SIIJS till; Luke Si.prrior
Miii.ii , Defuinbcr “trt went under ground to
look nt. Hi.- /rrnit limes in tin; futhoiu level, at the
Miiim sotn Mine, to wbieli wu have before alluded.
Tney are n nv at work on the northetut coruer of
ilu; copper, which they .succeeded in throwing out
lt> u, heavy ttauil bluHl. Soule forty men are con
stftntly at work by night and day at cutting it up
and getting away the pieces. It is fastened very
firmly to the foot-wall by strings and little -cross
vanes of cooper, and this makes it quite difficult to
detach from the rock, but otherwise its occurrence
is quite favorable for getting out economically. It
is found to be very much seamed, so that well-placed
s.ind blasts of ten or twelve kegs of powder wiil tear
off and throw up lumps of forty to sixty tons weight.
From twenty to twenty-eight men are constantly at
work cutting it up, and the ring of iron and Bteel in
the level reminds the visitor of a nail factory.—
They cut it into pieces of about 5,000 pounds weight
oueli, uh near as they can estimate, that size being
the best for safety of machinery and convenience ot
handling. We measured some of the cut*. One of
them was twenty-nine inches thick, of olenu bright
copper, though they generally cun manage to find
a place where it does not require more than eighteen
inches of cutting. llow much highe.i or lower this
great mass extends time only will disclose, but it
now seems probable that it is the lurgest continuous
piece ol native copper ever yet discovered.”
English Newspapers and Advertising. —ln the
office of the London Times there is a sort of a map
which gives a graphic representation of the fluctua
tions in the circulation of that journal. It is like the
sectional profiles of our railroads and cauals, an in
creased circulation being indicated by a rise in tho
surface line, while a falling off in the circulation is
represented by a depression. During the year 1845
the the circulation of the Times averaged only 23,000
audit began the year 1818 with an edition of no more
than 20,000. The excitement consequent on therevo
lot ion of February raised if atonce to 13,000. It fell,
however, with tie- fall of liberty, and averaged but
36,1NK) during 1852. The long suspense preceeding
the present war gradually raised it until the war ac
tually broke out; since which time the edition has
fluctuated between 58,000 and 68,(KM)copies, afford
ing ar. income from the sale of papers alone of
about $28,000 per week. Advertisements are,
however, thef great source of profit, as the cost
of the paper on which the Times is printed,
nearly equals the amount received for it. Com
mon advertisement* of five lines or less, pay
seven shillings and sixpence each, or nearly $2.
'1 he Times lias an average of eight or ten pages of
advertisements, which cannot amount to less than
$;M),000 per v eek. The receipts from this source
have,in single weeks, amounted to nearly $40,000.
The weekly average of cutirc receipts can scarcely
be scl down ut I<-hh than $60,006, or three millions a
year. Nowher< is advertising carried on to so great
an extent as in England.
To Wash a R>gol/Uc.—A rigolette is a hood
netted or knitted ot fine white wool or zephy yarn,
and ornamented with little fringe balls of the same.
Ladies wear them as a covering for their heads
when going, to plays or concerts. When a rigolette
becomes soiled, wash it as follows : Steep it in warm
water till the water becomes cool; squeeze it out
lightly, and soap it well with the best white soap.
L.iy th<* rigolette, loosely, in a clean cullender. Set
the cullender over a pan of boiling wuter, and let it
steam till cool. Then squeeze it out, and shake it
well. \\ ash the cullender clean. Put the rigolette
Ggain into it, and place it over a fresh pan of warm
water, working it lightly up and down, till the steam
has rin- <1 off the soap. Then open it out, shake it,
and dry it fast in the sun.
Dickens* Picture of the True Woman —The true
woman for whose ambition a husband’s love and
ner children’s adoration are sufficient, who applies
her military instincts to the discipline of her house,
whose intellect has field enough tor her in commun
ion with her husband, and whose heart asks no other
honors than his love and admiration; a woman who •
does not think it u weakness to attend to her toilet,
and who does not disdain to be beautiful; who be
i;< ve-s in the virtue of glossy hair and well fitting
gowns, and who eschews rents and ravelled edges,
slip shod shoes and audacious make ups. a woman
who speaks low, and does not speak much; who is
path-nt and gentle, and intellectual and industrious;
who love* More than she reasons, and yet does not
love Mindly; who never scolds and rarely argues,
but adjusss with a ,-ujj’e; such a woman is the wife
we have all dreamed of once in our lives, end is the
mother we w il ! %■ ill worship in the backward distance
of the piisu
Veers. —Tire winter vet pi lieu, or Columbian ver
galicu, is ap< um( will pay ir.v.- liberally any
I.l mi who can n-ri will cultivate it. A small lot of
these p«ar«, which w«*re brought to market some
two months since, itom the interior of this State,
sold h r the enormous price of $3" to $ S 3 per barrel;
and the largest of them were retailed at c its
each. With proper care, they will remain sound
and juicy till mid-winter. We wonder that tanners
and amateurs do not turn their attention more gen
erally to fruit. At the Fruit Growers’Convention
held recently in Rochester, it was the pretty univer
sal testimony, says the Rochester Democrat, that
the product of apples are more remunerative than
any Mh-r crop rui** din this section. Several testi
fi.-d t*» the realization of from $!00 to $!5 per acre
for apph 6. A gentle man from Oswego said that it
urn® tni o?:i nute of tho fruit corn: utee in that
county, that one acre di voted to fruit waacquul to
twelve with any “”<> ror >p four, f Com.
Revolutionary Jt-tda —According ton list of
revolutionary soldi*, is. who died iu 1055, published
in the National Intelligencer, it appears that that
illustrious bund continues to diminish slowly. There
are seventy-one names in the list, though the Intelli
gencer thinks it probable that all who have died ara
not included in it. The number remaining is, we
think, about seven hundred. Nothing conduce*
more to a long file than patriotism. May they livs
a thousand yewe l—Rich. Dispatch^