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Cjrronkk &
Hpeech of lion. J. J f Kenrachy.
[COKCLCDID FRO!* FIRST PAOI.]
that uw mi ted for that purpose. There
caltv Toe President is encouraged by the 10-
sranoe in the admimtratk>o of Mr. Jefferson, of an
epr ropr.ation for the purpoee of making hie purohaae
of Louisiana It ought to have encouraged him but
very iitt e If he bad reflected upon these cases and
the uiflerence between them. I think he would not
nreee the analogy. What were the circumetanoee,
what aa the powerful exigency, that existed in the
oue of the acquisition of Louisiana? Mr. Jeffer
boo, with all the adroitness of a skillful and veteran
ruler, had been negotiating, end had minister* run
ning between Madrid and Pans for the purpoee of
getting up and consummating the purchase of Lout
” ana. Spain was under obligation, in exchange
for territory given by Franoe—the Ducby of Par
ma. I think—and for s-ime other considerations, to
coceede Louisiana to Napoleon. This was the con
dition of things. War was then flagrant, or it bad
broken out, or wls just about to break out, after the
peace of Amiena, between England and t ranee, and
of oouie it would spread over the whole continent
Bonaparte apprehended that, if it became known
to England mat he was the beneficial owner cf
Louisiana. England would prooeed against Ural
siana as his property, as soon as a British fleet
eonld sail across the ocean. With Spam sue was at
Mace This rendered Bonaparte willing to Bell—
luTious to tell. The Cnited States apprehended
that England woulo H ie it, and all parties were
adverse to that. Bonaparte found this Government
Willing and anxious to make the purcaase. He
wanted money instantly, as he was about to be
engaged in a war with ail the world.
ii. were the exigent circumstances under
which Mr. Jefferson was able to inform Congress,
••We can buy Louisiana, but it must be done now ;
pr„mpt action is necessary; postpone it to go
. o igti the ordinary forms ot diplomacy and nego
tiation, and the prixe Is lost foiever, for England
will eeixs it.” That was the reason, and that makes
the case different from this. The general rule is to
pay only after the treaty is made and both parties
have ratified It; but here there was a necessity to
do a little mo re than that, because of the exigency
which the case required. Is that the general mode
la which the President of the Cnited States and the
H mate exercise the treaty making power 7 Cer
tainly it is not. We all know, by daily practice
and experience what the ordinary rule is. This is
an exception. This is not the sale, ordinary, beaten
path of the Constitution. It is anew and excep
tionable way to embrace an exceptoinal case.
The other case wbiob encourages the President is
that of Mr. Polk in respect to Mexioo. We had had
a war with Mexioo, and Mr Polk was very anxious
to make a treaty by which we should obtain some
territory. It was very doubtful whether tbere was
vitality or national tunction enough left in Mexico
even to make a treaty. Tbie Government bad, aa
it were, to bold her up to get her to Bign the lerma
of the treaty. She had no government. she had no
army , all were swept away. She had not a single
limb of government left We had really to bring
her into existence by money, for tbe purpoee of get
ting her to sign tbe treaty We were very anxious
to make peace, because if we did not make peace
with her, we feared she would soon expire, and
give up her national existence.
I know that was some of the trouble of Mr Polk.
It was apprehended that we could not find any
body in Mexioo to make peace with. We knew
what wae the condition ot the country—utterly ex
bauated. We voted $2,000,000 in tbe exigencies of
that case, to enable Mexico to make a treaty;
and what eort of a treaty 7 We knew the treaty
would be dictaUdjnet ae tbe President directed our
negotiator to make it. That was the consequence,
and the plain, flat oaxe before üb. There wae no
power ot rea.s-auce, no power of contradiction.
We wrote a treaty, and ehe signed it; and we knew
that would be the case.
Now how different is tbie case 7 Can tbs Presi
dent of the United States and the Secretary of
Btate give us any assurance that Spain wants to
•ell this island 1 or, if she does want to sell it, any
reason fur the exigency, hastening the matter with
■aob|rapidlty ae to depart from the usual oourse,
and make $.10,000,000 as a p evious payment, tak
ing it out ot ail the safeguards which surround it
In the Treasury ot the Cnited States, and place it
in tbe hands of the Preeideut? Sir, I have, I may
•ay, a high degree of confidence in the persona!
Integrity of the Preeideut, but that ie not tbe ques
tion with me here. lam dealing with considera
tions far beyond t hose which are merely personal.
If, without a single reason to make the exception,
like the case of Louisiana or the case of Mexico,
without a single reason to take it out of tbe ordina
ry oourse of negotiation, we agree to consider it so,
It it not a precedent for having at ail times hereaf
ter a permanent appropriation, eay of thirty or fifty
millions, to aid the Prteident in any negotiation he
may find It convenient to make throughout the world?
Why not do that I lilts right in a cess which has no',
a single exceptional circuits anoe connected with
it, it is right in every case Why not make a per
manent appropriation, and say that, tbe President
m s y take the money out of thfi Treasury of the
Cnited states ; may take it lo the White House for
greater security, it he thinks proper ; may keep it
there in hie pocket uulil the time comes when, ao
cording to the provisioi sos the bill, be may use it 7
This exigency supposes that Spam will be lotiueno
ed by haviug the money paid down iqstantly, or
ootemporaueously with her ratification of the trea
ty Then, where must the money be 1 In Spain.
The President must, atme time before, have drawn
the moLey out ot the Treasury, have It in his own
individual bands, and it must be transferred to
Spain in the same unsafe condition, or at any rate
freed from all the guarde which proteot the people's
money in the Treasury of the United Stales. Are
we prepared to do that 7
I do not differ with my friends from Louisiana in
their estimation of the importance of Cuba. I
grant that Cuba is desirable It is a rich and va
luable possession. It would be more important to
tbe United States, I, as an Ainericau, verily, be
lieve, than to old Spain, or any other nation. No
argument is necessary to prove to me that it ie a
great osnveuenisnce, and a very desirable posses
alon ; and, for that reason, I say, negotiate for it in
the erdluary way ; make a treaty for a fair prioe,
and upon fair terms; and, for one, 1w II vote tbe
price. But why do you ask that this extraordinary
oourse should he pursued 7 It is an extraordinary
counts. There are only two or three instances of it,
and the fast of there being no more proves that it
li extraordinary. They were distinguished, and
made exceptions by ex: roordinary circumstances.
This has not a single extrflbrdinary circumstance
to distinguish it. ho far from it, there oannot be,
in the nnnd of any gentleman, more than a alight
probability that you can make a bargain to pur
chase, Cuba at all; ami yet, in the mean time, be
fore the treaty is made, before tbe proposition is
even made to the Spanish Government, from tbe
time instructions have been given to make the pro
position, tbe President, under the bill, may draw
the money out of the Treasury, or borrow it in the
street, aud take the ease keeping of it into his own
hands
Now, air, It is not for mo to place, even in the
hands of the President, such a temptation. The
Constitution does not contemplate it. The Consti
tution does not put a dollar in bis hands Do you
not believe that the pos ‘esslon off 311,000,000 might
be liable to abureor corruption J We are not here
to Batter tbe President by such complimentary
•videncee of our personal ci nfldeuco. We are here
upon constitutional grounds. The Constitution
does not trust him with a dollar ; and yet it gives
him the power to negotiate treaties He has to
come to Congress for every dollar. You intrusted
f2,000,000 to a President before, under extraordi
nary oircumstanoee. You are now called upon to
trust (30,000,000 without a single extraoi dinary
circumstance Sir, I cannot agree to it. I will not
say I’ is out of any want of confldeoo© in the per
sonal integrity of ths President. It is, I trust, out
of my respect and reverence for the Constitution of
the country. By assent in# to it, I should not only
be hazarding the people's money, but I should be
doing .wore. By making one branch of the Govern
ment a depository of that money to an enormous
amount, I should be augmenting the influence and
the power of that particular branch of the Govern
ment, and destroyiug the balance of power which
the Constitution intended to establish between the
various departments of the Government. And I
am now to do it, to enable the President to do—
what 1 To make a treaty with Spain for the ces
sion of Cuba, and with the positive understand:ug
that, after ibe treaty hae been made, if we do not
ohoose to ratify it, we lose our $30,000,000.
Sir, can you conceive for vouraelf a treaty con
taining a cession of the l*l&ua of Cuba, that would
not require many quite important stipulations in
respect to its people and future government 1 Is it
expected that Spain is to cede it to us absolutely
and without eoudition l Hardly. What are to be
the conditions? Are we to admit her as a State
into the Union at once to have Senators on this
floor, and to legislate for me, who is to day called
tipou to legislate for purchasing her, and to legislate
tor my children and my count *7 ? Is that to be it ?
If such a treaty were made, and $30,000,000 were
paid under it, and that treaty, when it came here
showed me under an obligation to take Cuba
immediately into this Union on a foetin ; of equal
ity with old Kentucky, I would rfject it instantly;
I would care noth.eg for the $30,000,000 that might
have been paid upon it. What, sir, violate Govern
ment at home, or any great principal, or any great
policy of it, to take in anew State of alien people,
not epeaking our language, not harmonizing with
us in political opinion, of different political ex
perience altogether? Xu, Sit.
I do not suppose, Mr. President, that Cuba
would be io danger of any injustice, if she were
ceded to us absolutely, and without condition or
etipulation in her behalf. But that is not the course
ot such cessions. Treaties of that kind make care
ful, pro visions for the rights, private and political of
the people of the ceded territory; and when we con
eider the dissimilarity that exists between the peo
ple of the United States and the people of Cuba, in
language and government, habits and mauuers. in
tereete and institutions, we must be made seusibl©
bow difficult it will be to ssttle satisfactorily with
Spain,the terms of uniting the two, and of convert
ing Cuba into a dependency of the L uited StAtee.
H would be a meet fortunate treaty that should ac
complish that. There are many chances that it
wouki not. aud if those terms did not prove satis
factory to the Senate, the whole treaty would be
rejected, and tbe tb’rty millions cf money which
the President now asks to be trusted with, for pay
ment to Spain, would be lost to the people of the
United States
I do not choose needlessly to incur that hazard.
Mr. President, i Cuba was ours to day, it would,
vprrui me, be a grave question, whether it would not
be oar best policy to give her a qualified Indepen
dence, to leave her to the trouble and expense of
govanriag herself, and to say to her: “We have re
deemed you from Colonial bondage to Spain—res
cued you from your European eonnectiou and de
pendency. aud reetored you to your natural relation
and affiliation to the American Continent and its
people. Now. setup a free government of your
own, under the protection of the Edited States, and
epon such fundamental and irrevocable terms as
waTally us together in peace and war. and as will
establish and secure our commercial intercourse.’
Views not dissimilar to these were entertained
by Mr Marcy, as appears from his official corres
pondence, m i853, with Mr. Soule then our Minister
lo Spain.
1 km strongly inclined to believe that such would
be our beet c. uree ot policy in disposing of Cuba,
If it was ours. We should thereby avoid all the
disturbing t fleet* that would too probably reenit
from ite admission into the Union as a State all the
troubles, costs, and chargee of its government as a
territory, and the heavy expense of an army and
navy tor ite defence.
Tnesc and other considerations of a like eharao
ter induce me to believe that it would be our beet
interest to make Cuba, if it was at our disposal, and
independent State, under our protection, and bound
to us by certain libera! tire of commercial inter
course and of alliance, which are to be irrevocable.
By it we free ourselves trom their go vernment, and
we leave to them all the trouble and ail the expen
ses of their own government; we relieve ourselves
from all inconveniences and dangers to which the
possession of Cuba by a European Power would
expose us W e get all we want—peace and secu
rity for our commerce in the Gulf ot Mexico. Then
the island will be held, if not by ns, ferns by friends:
we shad have bought it, and paid for it, and made
them its voluntary rulers In agreeing to grant this
iioerty, of course we should make sum stipulations
as oar own security required, and which would no:
be incompatible with theirs.
Mr Preeident, I fcave occupied much more time
tb*n 1 intended on this subject. I say agam lam
ooobent that the Preeident of the United ’states
ehj.il go on with negotia'ion and acquire, if be can
the island of Cuba- lam not wilung to thi,
gum of |3O,uOU.OUO. For bis sake. lam not For
the oountry i sake, and upon the principles ot the
Constitution. I am not It Is cot good for him to
have it ha eertam'.y as the .run exists, there will
be those who will charge him with misapplying the
money. What does he want with it 1 they will say.
There is no probability of negetia'iog a cession
with Spain, and why does the President want to
beer *30,000 (H*> &’ hi* sole and arbitrary control in
the White Bouse 7 Wry does he want it 7 Is it
go be used for any purpose of corruption, in order j
to a treaty ?or w the whole scheme a general
delusion; the political fireworß* of the
Admtn set blaxing now to give anew view
aad new o to its rather darkened proa
7 If Scam will •**’• w ® w,u Py as soon as
the bargain is ratified by both parties. That* soon
enough and Spain will c e earn Bad with it. Before
that ume, I see no plausible has a plan-
Mble pretext been assigned by aT'body who has
advocated this bill, for liking the money dpt of the
Treasury beforehand, and placing it in tba jJriOkst
pf the President es the United States. Suppose tie
proposition wae that we ebonld take money out of
the Treasury, and piece it in tbe custody of the
members of the Senate, what would the ooontry
think of it, and of tbe safety of their money 7 Sir,
the Treasury ot the United States ie the constitu
tional depoettoty of the public money, made so by
the Constitution and by the law. It is not fit that
we ebould charge that depository without area
eon; and if we do change it, is it not fit that we should
place it in the hands of the President of the United
Stales—the last band: in which it sbonid be placed,
the very last. His hands, at least, ought to be pre
served pure; uueciWd by money; unsuspected. I
would not expose him to that uneecapable suspi
cion. I would not, without a cause, haxard the
people's money in any President's hands. Our
government is Dot built up oo the insecure founda
tion of persona confi fence. W e rely upon institu
tion* ae security for the public money and for toe
pub ic rights. The Constitu ion did not intend to
trust the puree to the same hand that held the
sword.
Shall we, the Senate of the United States, die
parage ourselves in the exercise of the treaty-ma
ring power 7 The Constitution gives us the pow
er of passing upon the ratification of every treaty.
The President, with the advantage of money in his
hands, may make a bargain that be knows is not
exactly agreeable to us. Is it right to let him come
to us and say, “ $34,01.0,000 have been paid and if
you do not ratify the treaty it will be lost 1” Have
we a right to place ouiseives under that .epeciee
of influence without a cause, unnecessarily 7
Where is the gentleman now who is willing to say,
I will put my hand in the Treasury ofy tne
United States, lake out $30,000,000, and place it in
the hands ot the President to await his future arbi
trary expenditure! Where is the man 7
Slidell. Will the Senator from Kentucky allow
me to make a single remark !
Mr. Crittenden. Certainly.
Mr. Slidell. If tbe Senator can flame any amend
ment that will place this money beyond the con
trol of the President until the treaty shall have
been ratified in tbe manner that the Preeident pro
poses in his massage, and that the bill proposes. I
will accept it, with a great deal of pleasure.
Mr Crittenden. I take tbe bill exactly as its
friends, and the friends of the Preeider'., make it.—
I take the bill exactly as the President in hie mes
sage, in terms recommends it. I am arguing against
their proposition. Toe Preeident desiree not only
to have the $34,000 000 given to him, but he desires
further tbe privilege of using it before the ratifica
tion of the treaty by the Senate.
Mr. Slidell. Certainly.
Mr. Crittenden. These are the express terms of
bis message. I wish to ‘.deal in ail possible candor
with this subject. lam not willing to make any
appropriation of money, because I do not believe
there is the remoust probability now ot making
such a treaty with Spain. I do not want to make
such an appropriation for another reason, because
even if I did think there was a probability that a
purchase might be made, I say, let the President
go on, make your treaty acquiring tbe island, and
a3 soon es you have done so, and the treaty is fully
ratified, 1 will vote the money to pay tbe price that
is agreed to be given for it. This, I say, is tbe
ordinary mode, and I am not willing to weaken our
own hands by putting money in the hands of the
President in tb • way. lam not wi.tingto expeas
the Chief Magistrate of the ooontry to tbe suspicion
toat would attend the ar Atrary possession by him of
such a sum of money. I wili not vote lor any previous
appropriation ofit in any way, because Ido not be
lieve it will be required. Because, I believe this
schemed policy will all burst like a bubble--it is a
mere pieced fanfaronade, nothing more— as I said
before, a sort of pol tical fireworks set off jnst now to
amuse and entertain the people with uncefioed and
exaggerated projects. I will not vote for it; but
say to the President, go on; and If you make a
treaty, I will vote tbe money; but in the meantime,
excuse me forgiving $30,000,000 outef toe Treas i
ry to put in your pocket to be kept under your
safe keeping to be applied to the treaty, until I
know what it ie.
Mr. Davis If it will not interrupt my friend
from Kentucky, I wish to coll his attention to a
single point, that this money will be no more in
the hands of the President than the appropria
tion for foreign intercourse now is. That is to
say, it will be in the Treasury; subject to be
drawn by the warrant of the President, instead
of being drawn by the warrant of one of his execu
tive officers. That will be the only difference be
tween this money and any othere. He will have
no more the custody of it, save as he draws it
out by a warrant, and that warrant to be en
tered in a book subjeet to future examination
aud inspection, than he would have of any other
money in the Treasury of the United States.
Mr. Crittenden. I think I comprehend this
subject. The appropriation for Foreign intercourse
is a peculiar fund, generally small in amount, and,
from the necessity of the case, to be drawn and
used at the President's discretion. But not so
with other ordinary appropriations. Under them
he cannot draw a dollar on his own warrant.
Mr. Davis. Certainly ; that is what I say.
Mr. Crittenden. But if you pass this bill—what
then? Cannot the President draw out this mo
ney the next day, or cannot he borrow it the
next day and make the Secretary of tbe Treasu
ry issue certificates or stock for it, and put them
in his pocket, aud keep them there until hedeemß
it necessary to use them 7 May be not say, “I
must keep it, and not only keep it, but employ
my own agents to send it to Madrid 7 Cer
tainly my friend will eee that this is the inevita
ble consequence. ~
Mr. Davie. Ido not.ttink I made mysslf under
stood I said the difference was, be could draw
it by a warrant, aud only by a warrant, and that
that warrant must be entered in a book kept in the
State Department, eubject to future inspection aud
exposure, if there was anything corruptly or im
properly done in relation to the fund ; but it is a
fund in the Treasury, aud differs not at all from
otuer money in the Treasury, except in the form of
drawing it; for the President, having the power to
control his executive officers, can reach tbe control
oi the Treasury indirectly in other cases.
Mr. CrittendeD. Ido not know the formalities
of this thing, fdo do not know whether the Presi
dent must draw a warrant. I suppose lie might go
with the law in his hand, and say, give me the
mouey; but the Preeident has it iu his pleasure to
draw it. When I say this is putting money in the
President's pocket, I mean it is giving it to him at
any time he pleaees lo take it, before any public
use cau be made of it; to keep it in his pocket in
definitely until it chooses to please him, by his
ministers, to make provision for its payment to Spam.
It puts all at his will and pleasure.
Mr. Seward. Will tbe houorab’e Senator from
Kentucky allow me to interrupt him for a moment 7
Mr Crittenden. Certainly.
Mr. Sewaid. A matter occurred in this debate
just now which I wish may be set right. I under
stood the honorable Senator from Louisiana to offer
to the honorable Senator from Kentucky that if he
would propose any ameudment tnat would keep
this money from the President's hands and in the
Treasury, until after the treaty should be ratified
by the Senate of the United States—
Mr. Slidell. I said no such thing. I said, in the
terms of the me j sage itself, until the treaty should
have been ratified in con piiance with the recom
mendation of the message, which of course, meant
ratification by Spain, aud signature by our agent.
Mr. Seward. I beg pardon of the honorable
Senator from Kentucky, for my interruption. I
misunderstood the Senator from Louisiana.
Mr. Crittenden. I should be very glad in any
way I could do it, consistently with my own sense
of propriety, to facilitate the acquisition of Cuba;
not through any avidity for more territory, but be
cause of the peculiar fitness of the Island of Cuba
to our great iuterests, because of the insecurity it
may create under foreign control, because of the
peculiar advantages it would give to us. It be
longs to us geographically ; it must come to us; it
must become ours before very long. We need not,
I think, be very impatient about it. We are get
ting along very well without it. Every day and
every hour of the day, we are geiting more and
more able to do for ourselves and by oiix"3*ivea,
without the Island of Cuba or any other island, or
all the other islands in the ocean. Tell me that
Cuba is necessary, absolutely necessary to the pre
servation of this government 7 Why, sir, my na
tional pride as an Ainericau revolts at the idea.—
Tell me that the want of that island will destroy and
dismember th s Union? No such thing. I allow
no such ideas to enter or possess my mind.
Sir, let us cultivate the internal resource* of our
prosperity ; let us grow, as we are destined to
grow, aud, in the uatural oourse of things, Cuba
will fill, like the ripe fruit, into our lap. W T e had
better hasten slowly in this matter.
We do not waut tbe trouble and expense of go
verning other people ; much less do we want to
bring into the bosom of our Republic an unprepared
and alien people. When we have had possession
of Chihuahua tor a good long while under a protec
torate, to guard the borders of Arizona, it may
grow into an American province for all you and I
know ; and I may have the honor of addressing the
gentleman from Chihuahua as one of my brother
Senators; but 1 hope I shall never see that time.—
I do not want to see our American race mingled
up with that sort of evil communication. I mean
evil in a political sense. They do not understand
our rights; they do not think as we think; they do
not speak ae we do.
I am not for universal expansion. Some little
concentration, some little condensation, seems to
me to be tbe mode of gathering together
the greatest amount of human or of intel
lectual power. Os late, it has been said that ex
pansion is the true policy of the country, aud
that none but cowards and fools oppose it. Such
is the declaration which the newspapers ascribe to
the Preeident of the Uuited States; I will not be
lieve it to be authentic, though I have seen it in
the Union newspaper; and I am told the Intelli
gencer reports the same thing. I eay I will not
consider this as authentic, and I will not act upon
it as such If a President should ever be found to
t*ay that in the ears of the Congress of the United
fctatts, to say iu a message to Cougress such words,
then we should know how to repel such false policy
and false aspersion. If that be the pol cy of the
Preeideut, why has he not told us so ? The Consti
tution makes it hi a duty to recommend to Congress
the policy which he thinks necessary and proper fur
the couulry. If he had eaid such a thing to a petty
crowd at midnight, why could he not have said it
to us here ? It eaunot be.
Sir, I want my country to go on growing greater
and greater c\cry day. Ido not kuow that that
greatness is to be achieved eimply by adding more
and more acres to our territory. There is a great
deal to be done in the interior of our country—a
great deal of moral aud of intellectual culture and
of material improvement. I want to see that glo
rious country cultivated, improved aud adorned by
the hand of industry aud of art. its people educated
and enlightened . and union and liberty aud public
virtue engraved ever where upon its bvSom.
A Disunion Movement.—The N. Y. Herald as
serts that a very extensive political organization
exists throughout the cotton region of the South,
of which tbe ci of the Union, and a grand
Southern military confederacy, resting upon the
industrial resources of tkeAtnean slave trade, are
the paramount ideas The general programme, ac
cording to the Herald, ‘‘embraces first, the seces
sion ot the cotton States from the Union, through
the violent animosities of the slavery agitation, in
darned, as it wiil be, to the highest pitch, between
the efforts of this new Southern party to re-estab
lish, and the efforts of the government to suppress,
this African traffic; secondly the general plan com
prehends the absorption ot Mexioo, the Central
American States and the island of Cuba; thirdly,
the establishment over all this aggr.-gation of old
States, new States, Territories and islands, of that
great tropical industrial instiict.on, the African
slave trade
Nor can it be denied that the inducements and
temptations in the premises are very powerful and
fascinating. Establish an independent Southern
>'cfsderacy, including onrcottcu State*, the States
ot Mexico and the island of Cuba, and spread over
all ot them the industrial resent oes which the Atri
cac slave trade will furnish, and. within twenty
years, this Southern confederacy will mocopohxe
the markets of the word in the article of ootton,
sugar, coffee, tobacco, rice, indigo, cochineal. Ac.,
to say nothing of the silver, gold and other mints of
Mexico and Central America Next in a maritime
view, the occupation cf the Mississippi outlet, and
of Cuba, and of the Gulf of Mexico, and of the
Isthmus rraueit* of Tehuantepec, Honduras and
Nicaragua, w. aid gi v to this Southern confederacy
a most imposing position among the nations as a
great commercial and naval Power.”
* Such are the inducements and the temptatioas,
savs the Herald,in view of this grand pixjsct. which
certainly to us, in this part of the South, is decided
ly news. — KwM Pup. *
Drifted AshoßX.—The Beaufort XC ) Jour
nal ot Saturday says :-A large ck of otl drifted
ashore a few days since on Bogus Banks, and was
secured by Owen. The only mark upon the
hogshead was “S. Nautilus.” What it indicated is,
ot course, not known. Meet probably, however, it
is the name ot the vseeel from which the oil came.
A cask of wine and a box of sperm candies were
found oe Shackelford - # Banka one day this week.
Toe candles are marked “F. A K., Augusta, Ga.
What mark was upon the wine we do not know.
Were they thrown overboard from some vessel in
distress, or are thiy ail that is left to tell of some
gallant ship whoee cargo and crew have found a
resting place in the bosom of the “briny ocean*”
These are questions which time only can solve.
As Earthquake along TBi Ohio.— The shock
of an earthquake was distinctly frit on Monday at
ternoon, in the vicinity of Alton, 111., and Derby.—
The inhabitants of the latter place were lembly
frightened, and women and children rushed from
their boosee in the utmost consternation. It wea
cloudy, with a close atmosphere at the time, and
the shook was very severe for a distance of over
30 miss, accompanied by a rumbling sound, with a
sort of revarbatton in the air, whiah was very sin
gular and unusual
EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE.
BT THI K▲ SGARuO ASD FEBJIA.
The steamships Kangaroo and Perna arrived
at New York on Wednesday last, bringing Euro
>ean news to March 19th. The details are interest
ing and important:
Gp.eat Britaih.—On s he 16th of March the
House of Lords was not in session, and the House
of Commons was engaged upon the new Bankrupt
cy and Insolvency Bill, which it passed to a second
Ontle 17th in the Lords, the Earl of Clarendon
called attention to, and asked for information re
garding the recent dispute between Turkey and
lionleuegro.
The Earl of Malmeebury eaid there had been con
tinued fueds between the Montenegrins and Tur
key, the latter claiming Montenegro as an integral
part of the Ottoman Empire. Acommiasion bad now
been appointed to define the boundaries of Monte
negro, and thus settle all future disputes.
Mr. Fitzgerald stated that Commissioner Yeh
was still in custody at Calcutta, but would be libe
rated upon the ratification of the Treaty of Peace
with China. , ,
On the 18th in the House of Lords the Earl of
Derby explained tbe poeition of affairs in India, and
stated tnat the government were now acting in cor
dial co-operation with Lord Canning. They had
recently recommended Her Majesty to oonfer on
him the Grand Cross of the Bath, and to elevate
him to the peerage as soon as be should be enabled
to announce tbe entire pacification of India
In the House of Commons Mr. Boebuck suggest
ed to Lord John Bussell the expediency of altering
his proposed amendment to the Reform Bill into a
series of resolutions, as in case of tbe India Bill last
year. He feared that tbe adoption of the amend
men’ would put off the question of reform for an
other year, and restore to office these whom the
House last year drove out.
Lord John Russel said that be hoped to satisfy
the House that be was right in moving his resolu
tion as an amendment.
The Reform Bill was to oome up for Us socond
reading on the 21st inst.
The London Times has an article on the present
state of the Atlantic Telegraph enterprise. It says
that the leading submarine cable makers are now
willing to contract for the successful submergence
of an Atlantic wire, taking all the risk of loss or
damage upon themselves. In regard to tbe refusal
of an unconditional guarantee, Government was
incited to such a course by the fact of two other
Companies having been organized and each pro
posing to lay the cables between Europe and
America without any guarantee at ail. One of these
Companies, says the Times, is now actually pre
paring to carry out the object in view at its own
risk and expense, without t-oubling the Govern
ment in any way. The pending offer of a condition
al guarantee of 8 per cent is said to be connected
with a proviso that the Atlantic Telegraph Compa
ny shall give up the monopoly granted to them for
50 years, for lauding cables in Newfoundland. This
monopoly the Atlantic Company had to a certain
extent, consented to abandon. The other condi
tions imposed by Government are not definitely
known, but they were still under consideration by
tbe Company.
A fire has occurred on board the American ship
F. C. Scranton at Liverpool, but it was soon ex
tinguished and the damage was very slight.
The first and second engineers of the screw steam
er Bogota, returning between the various ports of
the South Pacifio, had been oommitted for trial in
Liverpool, on a charge of having roasted a fireman,
named Landor, to deatn by tying him to a ladder
immediately in front of the steamer's furnaces.
The trial of the persona arrested at Cork for their
connection with the Posnix Club, was to have com
menced on the 17th March, but it wae postponed
till the next Assizes.
The Neapolitan Exileß coninued to evoke a good
deal of sympathy, anil liberal subscriptions were
being made to the fund formed for their benefit. The
bulk of the Exiles were nbout to leave Cork for Bris
tol. One of their number who went to Bristol in
advance of his companions, met with a perfect ova
tion. The horses were taken from his carriage, and
fie was drawn through the streets by the populace,
amidst great cheering. A subsequent doubt was
raised as to whether ‘he individual eo honored was
really one of the Exiles.
France. —Tho second official article in the Moni
teur had proved anything but reassuring, and from
Paris we have a continuance of warlike rumors.
Lord Cowley arrived in Paris on the 16th, and had
been received by the Emperor. The Paris corres
pondent of the London Herald says that the omin
ous silence preserved respecting Lord Cowley’s mis
sion to Vienna tended to increase the apprehensions
of war.
oi war.
A rumor was currant that the Lyons Railway
Company had received orders to keep its line iu
read nosa for the transport of 75,000 men. It was
aIBO assorted that the squadron which left Toulon
would proceed to Algiers for the purpose of embark
ing troops at that place.
The piojectea Conference for examining the recent
eleotioa proceedings in the Principalities were said
to have been adjourned for an indefinite period.
The Pans correspondent of the Daily News says
there was great talk of the immediate formation of
an army of observation near the Alps. The Minis
ter of War had prohibited leave of absenoe to officers
and soldiers till further orders.
The Moniteur contained a decree appointing 1C
generals and 13 colonels. It also announces that
the squadron of evolution had quitted Toulon for
tho purpose of practicing naval inanumvres.
The whole of the numdrous Sardinian “ navies”
employed on the Toulon and Marseilles railways
had suddenly left tor Piedmont.
The Emperor, at the recommendation of the
Minister of War, had pardoned or mitigated the
sentences passed on 50 Boldiers tried by Court
Martial.
The Times’ Paris correspondent, writing on the
evening of the 17th, says : “ Since the war rumors
have been in circulation I hardly remember a mo
ment when people's minds were more depressed
than this day. Every one looked at his neighbor as
if all hope of peace was given up. In the course
of the afternoon however, a report got abroad of
Lord Cowl-y having had a satisfactory audience of
the Emperor this afternoon.”
The Paris correspondent of the Daily News siys
it may now be considered certain that Prince Na
poleon will be called Viceroy of Algeria.
The Emperor was to review the Imperial Guard
on Sunday the iNJtb, it being the anniversary of the
entry into Paris of Napoleon I. on his escape from
Elba. There was some expectation that tbe Em
peror would add-eS3 the troops.
The Paris Bourse on the 16th was much depress,
ed and the 3 Per Cents closed at 67 45—being
within half per cent of the lowest point yettouched.
On the 17th there was an improvement to the ex
tent of about j per cent. On the 18th the market
opened firm aud again higher, but a slight reaction
subsequently took plaoe and the 3d closed at 67.90
for money and aocount.
Austria.— Private letters from the frontiers an
nounce that the Austrians had commenced prepa
rations to lay mines for the purpose of blowing up
the Bridge of Buffolora over the Ticino.
On the occasion of a dinner party at Milan the
Governor-General is said to have assured his guests
that peace would ere long be consolidated. A
different opinion, however, prevailed in the military
circles.
The Vienna correspondent of the London Times
sums up the result of Lord Cowley’s mission, by
saying that it amounts to no more than that the re
latious between the British and Austrian Govern
ments are now more intimate than they were
on the day that the British Mediator arrived at
Vienna.
The artillery oa the Austrian maritime coast has
been placed on a war footing.
In Saiony, the Rhinelands, Wurtemburg, and
Bavaria, a majority of the veterans who lately re
ceived the Bt. Helena medal, had sent it back.
Tbe Vienna journals teem with very warlike ar
tides, and some of them were supposed to be in
spired by pei sons of high position and great influ
ence.
The Vienna Bourse continued to decline daily
until the 18th, when there was a rise of 1 per cent,
on the strength of favorable news from Paris.
The latest Vienna correspondence of the London
Times says the impression that peace would not be
long maintained was stronger than ever. Austria
was fully prepared for war, but would faithfully
keep tbe promise giveu to the British Government
not to act aggressively.
Tne latest advices from Milan say that the feel
ing in that city was quieter.
Sardinia.—Volunteers continued to flock into
Tutin. The number already arrived is stated at
over 6,000 men.
It ie asserted that a secret convention between
tbe King of Sardinia and the Emperor Napoleon
contains this provision : The Emperor promises as
sistance, offensive and defensive, to the King of
Sardinia against Austria, and guaranties to the
King whatever teriitorial advantages may ulti
mately be obtained in Lombardy, on condition that
Savoy and Nioe be transferred to Franoe.
It is stated that preparations bad been made for
transporting, in case of need, the seat of govern
ment to Geuoa, which is not exposed like Turin to
tbe inroads of an enemy.
Spain.—The semi-official journal of Madrid an
nounces that Mexico has given full satisfaction to
Spain in consenting to re-establish the treaties with
that power, by punishing the guilty persons and in
demnifying lbs natives of Spain according to the
award made by the mediating powers.
Portugal.--Tne Ministers had tendered their
resignations, and the same had been accepted. The
Duke of Tereeira had formed anew cabinet. He
assumes the Presidency of the Council and the
Ministry of War, with Fontes as Minister of the
Interior; Ferrao, Justice ; Bibeiro, Finances;
Sapa, Public Works , and Ferreira, Marine.
Italy.—A letter from Naples says :—“Last week
Vesuvius was the scene of a deplorable event. An
American, who, it is said, had the evening before
received disastrous news from home, threw himself,
wi tie in the presence of a number of travelers of
different countries, into a current of lava. His body
was, of course, almost instantly consumed.”
The operation whioh the King of Naples had un
dergone, had proved ineffectual. A tumor in the
groin was feared. Public prayers had been ordered
for the King’s recovery.
It is stated that in accordance with the wishes of
the Pope, the French troops are to prolong their
stay in the Roman States.
Russia —An Imperial decree, dated March 10th,
frohibuc the exportation of horses from Russia and
‘oiand by the European frontiers.
Siege vt’ being iaid to Schamyl's capital in the
Caucasus. A stubborn defence was expected.
Inbia and China. —The papers and correspon
dence trom Calcutta to February 9, and Hong Kong
Jan. 29th had reached London.
Lord Elgin remained at Shanghae, and his future
movements were not known.
The U. S. steamer Powhattan was at Hong
Kong, and the steamer Mississippi was in Canton
River.
There is no political news of importance.
At Canton political affairs were becoming more
quiet, but trade was dulL
A notification had been published threatening the
braves of Canton, and clearly expressing want of
contidedence with the government of Pekin.
A Danish vessel bad been driven away from the
ooast of Japan, no treaty having been concluded
with Denmark. 150,009 men died of cholera in Jed
do during one month.
Tie Latest.
London. March 18.—Daily News City Article,
Friday evening—The Stock markets opened with a
dull appearance ; in the altsrnoon, however, a sud
den and very remarkable change took place. In
fluential buyers came forward, and prices in every
department quickly assumed an upward tendency,
which became still more decided after the recog
nised hours of business.
Consols dually c.osed three-eighths per cent higher
than yasterday, and towards 5 o’clock, a fresh rise
ot one eighth per cent was quoted.
English, French and Lombardo-Yenetian Rail
way snares, show equal buoyancy. To account for
this movement, a number of re-assuring reports
were circulated.
Aocora ng to one, Lord Cowley e diplomatic exer
tions have at length attained an important reenit in
the interest oi peace.
The improvement on the Paris Bourse to-day
amounted to only ho for account ands per oenu for
money. , . . ~
Increased activity prevailed to-day in the dis
count market, and little or no business took place
below 21 per cent.
Tbe demand is increased through the large busi
ness now going forward in the transmission of gold
and silver to and from the oontiaenL
About £40,000 in bar gold was this day with
drawn from the Bank for transmission to the conti
nent in payment for silver.
The E icoange* are affected by the withdraws,*
of silver from tne continent. The sum to betake?
out by the Indian steamers on the 20th is X. 000,000
all silver, except £3,029.
Bar silver has advanced to ss2Jd.
The Times’ City Article says the Eng ash Funds
opened without actual alteration ; the tone of the
market was rather better some time af er the ter
mination of the regular besioee* ; several large pur
chases were effected by Brokers, who frequently
act for influential operator*, and a sudden rise oc
curred of nearly j per cent.
Rumors were circulated that France and Austria
have consented to euspend or diminish their situs
miDti
No donbt was entertained that some important
intelligence had been received.
In the Foreign exchanges there was a slight re
duction in the rates on Holland and Hambnrg The
Colonial produoe markets during the week have
beeo quiet.
The traffic return! of tbe receipts in the United
Kingdom for the week ending March 12, zhow an
more aw of £51,040.
Mr Roxbscr xjtd Lord J. RritiLL t Ri*olc-
Ties*.—The Daily K*w* deeenbe* Mr. Roebuck s
proceedings hut night aa quixotic, his demand prag
matical, and says, that it was received amid the
chuckling cheers of anti-Reformers and the re
proachful silence of ail sincere Liberals.
The Timee accounts for the failure by stating that
last year, when Lord J. Russell established the In
dian precedent, he wished to keep the government,
whereas now he desires to get them out.
The Star says, the course Mr. Roebuck commends
ought to be equally scouted by the Government
and the people.
The Time says, the secession of several Members
has not left to those who remain, the legacy of mu
tua! confidence of interna! peace. Tte"bonds of
party discipline are relaxed. The animosities that
always wait on a losing cause, are inflamed, and no
confidence is felt, that, when so many have gone,
the rest will have resolution to stand their ground.
The Morning Star says it is no secret that Lord
J. Manners was stung by the response of the House
to his appeal on the Church Rate qaestiou into an
offer of resignation. Still more notorious and sig
nificant is the fact, that a meeting of upwards of
forty conservative members was held the other day
in a committee-room of the House, and Mr. John
Palmer, one of the oldest and moet respectable
country gentlemen, deputed to request Lord Derby
to withdraw his ill-starred Reform bill.
Tbe Daily News says Lord Derby, when asked
why he could not throw the Reform bill overboard,
is reported to have replied that he had found it
hard working, riding so far without a saddle, but
how could he be expected without a horse. In other
words, Lord Derby fail well understands that the
moment he admits his inability to grapple with Re
form, he virtually surrenders his poeition.
The Star reports aa an anthectio anecdote that
Lord Derby induced Lord Manners not to resign by
saying that if any more went they would all go to
gether.
Reports of Reform meetings continue to occupy
considerable space in the papers. At Leeds last
night tbere was an important demonstration in fa
vor of Reform but against the Government bill.
Tbe split in the Liberal party having been healed at
the last moment, great unanimity prevailed.
Two Steamers Hunk—-Forty-Three Lives
Lost.
The steamers David Gibson and Nat Holmes
came in collision, near Aurora, Indiana, on Mon
day night, the 28th ult., and both boats sunk in
a few minutes. The Nat Holmes was on her way
to St. Louis from Pittsburgh, with a large num
ber of passengers, most of whom were on their
way to Pike’s Peak, and forty-three of the pas
sengers are lost. The David Gibson was on her
way to Cincinnati from New Orleaas. with a hea
vy cargo of groceries and other articles. She had
no passengers, and was an old, well worn boat,
not worth over $12,0110, but her cargo was very
valuable. The Cincinnati Gazette of the 12th
says:
The boats came together, it is said, nearly at
the same place where tbe lowa and Madison came
in collision a few weeks since, when tbe latter
was sunk. Last night was dark and cloudy, and
when the collision took place the greatest con
sternation prevailed among the crews and passen
gers. The Holmes had on board over 150 per
sons, a large number of whom are reported lost.
Ae the Bte&mer was going dowi they sprang into
the river, seizing planks, barrels, aud boxes, by
the aid of which many reached the shore. On
the Gibson there were not many passengers, and
only two or three of the crew are missing. Near
ly all the passeßgers cn the Holmes were emi
grants destined for Pike’s Peak.
The Louisville Journal learns from Capt. Hildreth
and Mr. Byington, of tbe steamer Telegraph, that
the Holms went down almost immediately. She is
lying in the middle of the river, and only a small,
portion of her jackstaff is visible. Os the Gitson,
only a part of one of her wheelhouses can be seen.
Her cabin floated off and was brought to shore some
distance below the place of disaster. No lives were
lost on the Gibson, and those lost on the Holmes
were nearly ail deck passengers. The steamer Ken
tucky rescued a number of persons and the Tele
graph took the Gibson's officers and crew to Cin
cinnati.
From the position of the wreck, tbe Holmes must
have been in the middle of the river and the Gibson
crossing it when the collision oocurred. The river
there is very wide and the channel deep from shore
to shore.
Os course, tbe pilots of the respective boats give
different versions of the accident, each exonerating
himself from blame.
The survivors lost their clothing and $15,000 in
money. The total loss of boats and cargo is put down
at $300,000, which ie regarded as a very high es
timate, upon which there was insurance amounting
to $175 000.
The coltison occurred about 9 o’clock at night,
and when the Kentucky, a mailboat, passedup
two hours after, they got but three our four survi
vors at Aurora. They were the second olerk, stri
ker, engineer and a fireman. The captain, first
clerk, and all the crew on watch, including the en
gineer, second mate, and fireman, were thought to
be lost. The morning after the disaster the cabin
of tbe Nat. Hoimes was found at Belleview, below
Aurora, and a little girl and a man were cut out
through the roof and found alive. Two dead bodies
of passengers were found on the wreck.
The officers and all the crew of the David Gibson,
it was thought, were seved. The cabin of that boat
was caught at Warsaw, and the mailboat reports
the river strewn for miles with portions of the
wrecks, boxes, and packages of freight.
Nicaraguan Allaire.
By the Northern Light at New York, from Pana
ma, we have later and interesting intelligence from
Nicaragua. The English mail steamer Dec, at Pa
nama, from Greytown, states that theUnttefl States
sloop-of-war Decatur baviDg anchorec at oue of the
numerous coves near the port of San luan del Sur,
on the Pacific, was taken for a filibuster. The
President, on being apprised, ordered out 300
troops, and personally commanding, took the Tran
sit Road for the purpose of resisting the landing, but
had not quite reached the shore before being met
by a special courier giving the true character of the
stranger—a retreat was then made, burning or
otherwise destroying every bridge they passed
over. Meanwhile a French officer, heading a
email military detachment, crocs ted the Lake to the
San Juan river, where they violently seized the
“White” steamers, and forcibly imprisoning their
Captains and crews. They were unreleasad when
the Dee left.
The N. Y. Herald’s Nicaraguan correspondence
says that the order to seize White’s lake steamer
was iesued by President Martinez and executed by
Nicaraguan officials, (not Fionch as reported.)
Mons. Belly, 40 officers and men arrived at
Greytown on the 15th ultimo, being the pioneer
staff for the construction of the Ship Canal, who
wiil be semi monthly reinforced bythe English
steamers with fifty Frenchmen.
Forts Castillo and San Carles are to be given for
their head quarters immediately—rather significant,
however, when coupled with the fact, many of the
corps are Algerian and Crimerean fame.
Col. Cooper, of the British Topographical corps, is
also on the ground.
The Ousley treaties have been ratified.
Sir Gore Onseley’s treaty is the same as the Caes-
Yrearri, except the British troops ate not to ba land
ed unless demanded or asked for by Nicaragua,
A treaty with Sardinia, similar to those with the
British and French, is soon to follow. The Ameri
cans are totally ignored.
The workshops and other buildings belonging t
the late Accessory Transit Cos., at Punta Arenas
have been swept away by the sea.
Greytown harbor is rapidly filling up ; it is inac
cessible to ocean steamers, the entrance now being
only 40 feet.
From the Panma Star and Herald, March 22.
The Clyde is in from Greytown. Schlesjinger,
the Agent for the Lake Bteamere, came passenger.
The Nicaraguan government officers took forcible
possession of the two American boats at Castillo,
on the 11th inst. The officers of the boat were
forced from the vessel into a small skiff at tbe point
of the bayonet, and were otherwise cruelly treated.
The American colors were hauled down and the
Nicaraguan flag hoisted on both vessels; one of
them was subsequently ran ashore, where she re
mained at last accounts.
The officers in charge of the property have aban
doned the whole to the authorities. M. Belly, who
is in great favor with the government, is said to be
at the bottom of this movement.
A dispatch dated Washington, March 31, says :
From all that can be learned, it is not unsafe to eay
that if the statements relative to Onseley’s alleged
action in Nicaragua be correct, he not only viola
ted his own instructions, but a solemn understand
ing between the United Slates and English govern
ments. If the fact* are correct, the President, not
withstanding the refusal of Congress to grant him
extraordinary powers to protect American rights in
Central America, will acl in conformity with writ
ten stipulations between the two governments res
pecting Oujeley’s mission.
The President, to-day, was advised of the seizure
of White’s steamer, and said “ that the rights of
American citizems shall, and will be protected. ‘ It
is probable therefore, that additional naval force
will be sent to Nicaragua.
A dispatoh from New York dated March 31st,
stales that the legislature of Nicaragua issued a spe
cial decree on the 4th inst., declaring the Transit
Route tree to all nations.
Frauds in the Government Contracts— How
They are brought About. —How the Government
may be defrauded in the lettiDg of oontraots is ex
plained by a Washington correspondent of the
Philadelphia Enquirer. Suppose that a contract
for supplying Indian goods for any one year is to
be let—tbe amount of the contract may be from
$50,000 to SIOO,OOO in the aggregate, and the wri
ter proceeds—we may suppose that the bead of the
Bureau ie anxious that a certain individual or firm
shall obtain the contract, and that, too, at even
more than remunerative prices. Well, the adver
tisement for proposals is drawn up, and, among
other things, he will advertise for, we will eay, 1000
four-point Mackinaw blankets, 10,000 three-point
ditto, and a hundred other articles.
Now, while the proceedings tons tar.uoks, to all
appearance, fair enough and to mean just what it
says, it would be supposed that the Bureau really
wanted each and every article advertised for, as
well as the quantity specified. But herein there is
a liability to be deceived.
The “ initiated ” understand very well that that
portion of the articles advertised for which ie itali
cised will not be wanted—that they are mere dom
inie* to be bid against, and that instead at 1000
four points, and 500 three point Makinaw blankets,
tbe Government at least will require ten thousand
of each. With this knowledge the contractor makes
his proposals. He puts a high price on the articles
whirb he koow3 will be required, and purposes to
tarnish such as he knows will not be called for, at a
price less than the cost of the wool of which they
are made. He may have assisted in making the
advertisement, or have prepared it without the as
sistance of the head of the Bureau.
Now. the honest bidder makes out a list of just
such things aa are advertised for, and at such prices
as he thinks he can afford them. When the bids
come to be opened, the head of the Bnreau proceeds’
to foot the aggregate amount of each one of the
bids, when it turns out that, the “ initiated” firm or
individual are the lowest bidders
Now. at the end of the year; it will be found that
not one of the articles bid for below cost has been
called for, but that more than ten times the amount
advertised for, of the goods for which high prices
were bid, were called for and furnished. The writer
avers that the eame system has been observed, in
some instances, in other departments, and that if
Congress would look into tbs matter, it might
poeeibiy turn out some Government officre with a
salary of $3,000 a year, and living at tbe rate of five
or six thousand, who had by hook or by crook, ac
cumulated a comfortable independence of forty to
eighty thousand dollars a year.
An Incident.—We have heard the following in
cident related of a young and gallant Charlestonian,
which we deem too good to keep. Young Charies
ton was travelling on an Alabama steamboat, when
he learned that M ile Piceoiomini was upon the
same boat. With propriety and decorum he availed
himself of an introduction to her, and became much
pleased with the Siennese Princess. Daring the
trip the boat stopped to wood np, near a bank
where the jessamine hung in rich profusion, which
instantly attracted M.ie Piccolominis attention.—
They were ihe Bret she had seen, and she expressed
a strong deeire for a wreath of them. Chivairic and
¥ailant, our young townsman proffered his services
hey were accepted- and be left the boat for the
garland. A few mill logs lie in the stream, just
under the richest and most beautiful of the flowers.
As our friend had secured a splendid specimen of
tne ieesamine, of deep golden hue. he discovered
tbe logs beneath gently Boating. In his haste to
escape they began to turn, and he Boon found him
self soused to the neck in the waters of the crook
edest stream in the South. With a smart swim he
gained the s 101 a, and then the boat, upon which,
all dripping, he presented his bouquet. With a
bewitching smile, Piceoiomini accepted the bou
quet. and said. “I ver’ mooch sorry you git vet, but
xay ar’ bootifuL” Our young townsman saved a
leaf, which he treasures as a memento. —Charleston
Mercury.
Nepotism in Esglsnd.— The Lord Chancellor
of England having lately appointed his son-in-law
to fill a vacancy in the responsible and lucrative
effioe of Commissioner of Lunacy, BHCh an outcry
was raised against it, that he was compelled to an
nul tbe nomination, and substitute for tne name of
his son-in law, the distinguished Samuel Warren,
author of the “Diary of a Physician,” “Ten Thou
sand a Year,” Ac., Ac. Nothing is more prevalent
than this practice in the United State*. Even the
venerable Judge McLean, of the Unitod States Su
preme Court, recently appointed his eon Clerk of
the Circuit Court in his Cirouit, and we see it stated
that Judge Irwin, of Pennsylvania, not only ap
pointed his son, but shared with him the geoeipta of
the offioe.— Jltei. Dup.
Things in Washington.
Washington. March 30.—The President is muoh
exercised at the news from Central America, and
after hoping against hope, and persuading himself
that something would turn up, to relieve the fore
shadowed result which i* ju-t confirmed, has at last
come to the conclusion that his confidence has been
betrayed throughout. Sir Gore Oueeley has made
his treaty, and inserted a clause for the express pur
pose of embarrassing ours, which he and Nicaragua
know very well will never be accepted by this Go
vernment. It is of little consequence now wnether
the Cass-Irissari treaty be ratified or not, because
with the condition requiring the expulsion of fili
busters, the Administration will regard it as a non
ratification, and proceed npon that assumption.
No surprise is excited in wet informed circles at
the termination of Sir Gore Ouseley's mission in
Nicaragua. It is only in keeping with the sharp
practice of Sir Henry Bu'.wer when the Convention
oflßso was negotiated, and which Mr. Buchanan
denounced so unsparingly while Minister at London.
Tee President is directly responsible for this conclu
sion, and all the complications which may follow it.
He was warned against the wily diplomacy of Sir
Gore, and former experience was cited to fortify
the admonition. But against light, and in defiance
of these admonitions, he took him into the most inti
mate council, established exclusive personal inter
course and developed his whole programme cf
policy. The British agent was shrewd enough to
keep his own secret, and after a year's delay here,
went to Nicaragua to counteract the designs of the
Administration; and to violate eveiy implied pledge
he gave here. This is the way in which we are
habitua.ly bamboozled.
In the present extremity tbe Administration does
not know what course to pursue. Difficulties beset
it on all sides. Stung by the treachery now so
manifest, there is a strong inclination to recall Gen.
Lamar, and close diplomatic intercourse, fall back
upon the Clayton Bulwer Convention, and open
the transit at ail risks. When the pinch comes tbe
President will not be able to screw his courage to
the sticking point. And he wifi procrastinate a
settlement, leaving the question, with all its in
volvements, as a legacy to his successors.- J net at
this turn of affairs, a French company appears in
Nicaragua, and doubtless under auspices which
will soon excite even greater surprise oa the part
of the Administration.
Considering the formidable array of talent em
ployed for Mr. Sickles, and the probable length of
the trial, the District Attorney may be induced to
ask for assistance, as the physical iabor, to eay
nothing of the mental strain to be endured, will
more than task the strongest powers of any one
mac. Mr. Ould has entertained the propriety of
this application and may determine upon it to-day.
In such an event it wilTremain with the Secretary
of the Interior to admit or refuse the request, though
it could hardly be denied in view cf all the faote.
All the recent reports concerning Gen. Cass's
health are unfounded, and even worse than that,
for most of them are cruel iabricationa. He has
been subject at times to passing attacks of vertigo,
which are of brief duration, and attended by no
disabling consequences. Beyond these hie general
health is remarkably good for a man of his years.
It is ascertained to the satisfaction of the Central
American Ministers here, and the Department of
S’ate that Gen. Henningsen is not connected with
Walker's proposed filibustering expedition from
California, but really concerned in the emigration
scheme to Arizona, which means substantially a
movement upon the Northern Provinces of Mexico,
and ultimate command of the military possession of
these Provinces, in accordance with the President’s
recommendation, he may regard the organized band
as the next best plan.
Washington, April I—One sensation follows
briskly upon the heels of another. Two days ago
we had the first assured intelligence of the ratifica
tion of the British treaty by Nicaragua, and of the
failure of the Case Irissari. Now, the Northern
L'ght brings not ODly confirmation of these two im
portant events, but of proceedings which most ar
rest the gravest attention of the Government.—
These matters will probably be considered in Cabi
net to day, and the couvee of the Administration
determined. The President has abundant power to
afford protection to the lives and property of Ame
rican c tizens in Nicaragua, if he exercises it dis
creetly. It is only necessary to Bend a sufficient
force to the two termini of the transit, with compe
tent commanders, and explicit instructions to meet
whatever exigency may be presented. Not such
miserable and qualified and double meaning instruc
tions as were given to our officers when England
was asserting the rights of si-arch in the Gulf ot
Mexico, which threw the whole responsibility npon
their shoulderß. but positive and emphatic com
mands, or else full and unqualified discretion. After
the treatment which Commodore Paulding received
at the hands of the Administration for fulfilling the
spirit of his instructions, no officer will voluntarily
place himself iu a predicament which involves oeu
sure for the discharge of duty.
From the developments in Nicaragua, it is mani
fest now, as has long since been apprehended, that
the alliance of England and France has extended to
the Isthmus transit. The President either would
not see what was plain to all the world, or was de
luded with the policy which is likely to terminate in
the most vexatious complications. The presence
of Mr. Belly and his company had a significance
which is now disclosed, in the possession of the two
most important military points on the San Jnan
river. While those two powers have been thus lay
ing their traps, we have sent agents to represent
the United States, not only incompetent so far as
mere qualifications was concerned, but whose hab
ts and character have inflected reproach upon the
country. They have shown thematlves entirely ig
norant of the movements whioh were passing be
fore their very eyes, and have been content either
to play the part of passive spectators or of maudling
meddlers, without influence or commanding even
decent reppeot.
Tbe Union this morning attempts a most lame
apology for the blunders oi the Administration, aud
in tho face of these disclosures, showing that the
President was really used by Sir Gore Ousley to
advance British interest, has the audacity to assert
that the “American construction of the Clayton-
Bulwer treaty will be substantially carried into ef
fect, by the surrender of the Mosquito Protectorate
and the Bay Islands to Nicaragua and Honduras
respectively.” It is only recently that other as
surances, inspired by the President aa this is, were
given, to the effect that there was the best under
standing between England and the Uuited States
in Central America, and all pending complications
would be resolved satisfactorily. Tbe country now
sees how they have been fulfilled. There is no
more authority for saying that the Mosquito Pro
tectorate will be abandoned than that the Cass-
Irissari treaty will be ratified as originally signed. It
is rather amusing after what has occurred, to find the
Union gravely assuring tbe public that Sir Gore
Ousley will be called to rigid account by the British
Government, for the fulfilment of instructions
which he has executed with so much advantage to
his employers.
The belief is entertained here that Gen. Jerez, the
Nicaraguan Minister, has been deceived by his
Government ihronghout, and wsb an unconscious
instrument of Martfotz and Mora in conveying im
pressioDS which have not been realized. Costa
Rica and Nicaragua, after being old enemies, are
now identified in feelling and interest, and no sa
gacity is required to discover that this feeling is
mainly shaped by England.
A Locomotive Blown t Pieces—Two Men
Killed.
This morning, about half-past four o’clock, a
frightful explosion took place in the Twenty fourth
Ward. At the hour named, the locomotive Perki
omen, one of the largest on the Reading Railroad,
had reached the toll-house on the west side of the
Schuylkill, at the Fails bridge. Tbe engine had an
immense coal train attached, and it had halted op
posite the toll gate, about twenty feet beyond the
western end of the bridge. From some cause,
which has not yet been ascertained the boiler of
the engine exploded while standing at the spot we
have described, and frightful consequences ensued.
The locomotive was broken away from the rest
of the train by tho force of the explosion, and it was
dashed on to the bridge, a distance of sixty or
seventy feet. The engine was literally blown to
pieces, the boiler being shattered and even the run
ning gears wrecked. It was a coal burner engine
of great power.
Two men were instantly killed by the accident.
The engineer, Josiah Miesimer, was upon the en
gine at the time, and it is supposed that he was
blown into the river, as no trace has yet been found
of his body. John Foley, the first brakesman, was
blown a distance of fifty yards from the spot where
the explosion took place. His body was found
upon the towpath, within four feet of the river.—
He had fallen headforemost among some rooks, and
his brains were dashed out.
Mi aimer, the engineer, was a married man. Mr.
Foiey, the other victim, was unmarried.
The toll-house at the west end of the bridge was
shattered by the explosion and the building was set
on fire. The toll-gatherer and his family were asleep
in their beds at the time. Tbe toll-gatherer was
thrown from his bed by the shock and dashed against
the wall. A portion of the iron work of the boiler
was blown into a window of the toll-house, and
falling upon the foot of a boy lying in bed, it burn
ed him. A daughter of the toll-gatherer was so
stunned that she could not be aroused lor some
time. None of this family received any very se
rious injury.
The fireman made a narrow escape. He had just
left his post and had gone into the toll house to pro
cure a drink when the mishap took place. The ex
plosion was accompanied by a tremendous shock
and report. Buildings in the Thirteenth, Fourteenth
and Twentieth Wards of the city were shaken by
the explosion, and the report was heard distinctly
for a great distance. The safety valve of the en
gine was blown entirely across the Schuylkill, aud
it was found after daylight in the yard of a house at
the Falla.
It ssems that at the time the explosion took placs,
the train wae waiting tor an additional engine to
push the care around a curve. The shock of the ex
plosion shook buildings at Fraukiord and German
town, as well as in upper parts of tbe city.—Phila
delphia Bulletin of Wednesday.
Morphy in Paris— His deputation — A Single
Game —Paris. March 14 —Mr. Morphy, who does
not leave for the United States for some weeks yet,
continues to play chess at the Case de la Regenee
and in society against ail comers, and invariably
with the same remarkable success. People do not
play with the American champion now with the ex
pectation of bearing him, but for the honor of befog
able to say in after time that they have played with
him; because bis reputation already surpasses that
of Philidor or Labourdonnais in the time in which
they lived. L&iely the Preeident of the London
Chess ciub, Mr. Mongredieu, came to Paris to satis
fy himself as to the real merit of Morphy's playing,
and fs to the rank he ought to occupy. Mr. Mon
gredieu and Mr. Morphy played eight games, one
of which, the first one, was drawn, while the others
were gained by Mr. Mornhy. In this trial of skill,
two facts were remarked in regard to Mr. Morphy’s
playing, which are almost universally remarked in
his games when contesting with a first rate player.
These are that he seldom wins the first game, and
that up to, say the twentieth move, he rarely shows
any superiority over hie competitor. It is only
after that point in the game that he commences
those extraordinary and unlocked for moves which
astonish the auditfrice and crush his antagonist be
yond hope of recovery.
Mr. Morphy ia now engaged at tho Case de la
Regenee in a most singular game of Chess with a
party of amateurs numbering one hundred. Th-se
hundred persons have subscr.bed to give Mr. Mor
phy a public dinner before his departue, but before
that event comes eff they are playing a game thus :
The hundred are divided into five sections of twenty
each, who are to play among themselves until one
of the twenty is acknowledged the victor of the
others. When each of the categories shall have
thus selected one of their number ae their champion,
tbe five champions are to play against Morphy at
odds gracnafed to the respective strength of each
category.— Correspondent oftheßetc York Times.
We learn from a gentleman who formerly resided
in Palermo, in Sicily, that the police of that city
are paid from week” to week only one half es their
wages. The other half is kept as a reserved fund,
out of which all parties suffering loss by theft, bur
glary and similar crimes, which it is the duty of the
police to prevent, are indemnified. There is a set
tlement at the end of every six months, and the sur
plus is divided among the policemen, who are thus
made to suffer a less of wages by every failure to
perform their duty. Tbe system works admirably.
Crimes of the sort are almost unknown, and at each
settlement there ie but little to deduct from the fund
before it is distributed. Suppose we were to try
this plan in New York -V Y. Tribune.
The Reception of Mr. Prfston in Spain.—A
Madrid telegram, ot March 13, sevs : “ Mr. Pres
ton, the Minister of the United States was received
yesterday by the in a private audience. In
tbe name of President Buchanan be assured her
Majesty of the President's desire to maintain friend
ly relations with Spain, and expressed his own per
sonal conviction that the general with of the peo
ple of the United States was to preserve the bonds
of friendship at p-esent existing between the States
and Spain, and to do everything in their power to
avoid any mis undeman-, ing between the two coun
tries The Qhren replied m terms flattering to both
tbe United States and its Minister.”
The Iberia recommends that when Mr. Preston
shall make the expected proposition for the purchase
of Cuba, the government shall reply ‘ey sending him
his passports.
From Utah.—The Utah mail of the Bth, has ar
rived at Leavenworth. Terrible snow storm on
the plains are retarairg the mails. The second
District Courtis in session. There are numerous
thefts of horses and mules. The perpetrators are
threatened with Lynch law.
Tbe Indians are molesting the California mails,
and stealing animate for food.
WEEKLY
Cjpnicle & tenfold,
AUGUSTA, GA.
WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL 6,1839.
Steamboat Darned—Four Lives Lost.
The steamboat Augusta, Capt. Frazer, which
left this c.ty for Savannah on Friday afternoon last,
caught lire between ten and eleven o’clock the same
evening when about thirty miles below this city, and
burnt to the water's edge. The engineer, Mr. H.
G. Day, and two negroes, Will, the property of
Dr. Turner, of this city, were drowned and Billy
Cullybanks, the property ot Mr. Ansley, was
burned to death. Willis, the property of Capt.
Frazer, was accidentally drowned, by the upset
ting of a batteau, about two hours before the fire
occurred.
Mr. Day was a man of some fifiy-five or sixty
years of age, and was much esteemed by his employ,
ers os a very competent engineer, and his friends
as an honest, industrious and worthy man. He
leaves a family of five children, three boys and two
girls, nearly all grown, who reside in Savannah.
Capt. Frazer barely made his escape with his
life, losing about $l5O in money, hie watch, some
valuable papers, and all his clothing.
Capt. Frazer visited the scene of the disaster
on Saturday morning, and found that the boat had
floated near half a mile down the river, drifting
against the Carolina shore, and that the machinery
may be saved.
The boat was tied up for the night at what is
known as “ Grey's Point,” below “ Silver Bluff.”
The fire originated in the fire-room, and spread
with such lapidity, that those who were so fortu
nate as to escape with their lives had barely time to
save themselves. The entire cargo, consisting of
778 bales of cotton, 538 barrels of flour, and some
other packages, was entirely destroyed ; mostly in
sured, in Northern offices. The boat originally
cost $15,000, and had been built about three years.
No insurance.
Cotton Burned —We learn that the cotton on
board the steamer Talomicco, of the Fashion line,
took fire just as the boat was coming up to the
wharf at Savannah, yesterday morning. Thirty
bales were destroyed, and some sixteen or seven
teen thrown over-board, before the flames were
subdued. Loss covered by insurance in the Great
Western Insurance Company, New York.
Drowned.—lnquest.—David Carpenter, a
man about fifty years of age, a resident of this city,
living near the Factory, was drowned in the Savan
nah River on Saturday, March 26th, about the
mouth of Stephens’Creek, on the Carolina side of
the river. He was working on the “Petersburg
Boat,” which suddenly broke in two, knocking him
into the river. His body was lound on Monday in
the River, back of Harrisburg, a short distance
above this city. An inquest was held by Coroner
Baker, the verdict of the jury agreeing in substance
with the above facts.
The Telegraphic Chess Match.— The first
game in the telegraphic Chess match between the
Chess Clubs of Augusta and Charleston was brought
to a close on Saturday night last, the game being
drawn by mutual agreement. The following shows
the course of the game s
White—Augusta. Black—Charleston.
tl— K’s P 2. K’a P 2.
2—K’s Kt to B’s 3d. Q’s Kt to B’s 3d.
3—P to Q’s 4th. P takes P.
4—K’s B to Q'a B’s 4th. K’s B to Q’s B’s 4th.
5—P to Q’s B’s 3d. K’s Kt to B’s 3d.
6—P to K’s sth. P to Q’s 4th.
7—K’s B to Q’s Kt’s sth. K’a Kt to K’s sth.
B—P takes P. B to Q’s Kt’s 3d.
9—Castles. Castles.
10—P to K’s R’s 3d. Pto K’s B's 3d.
11—Q’a Kt to B’s 3d. P to Q’s It’s 3d.
12—B to Q’s It’s 4th. Q’s B to K’s 3d.
13— B to Q’s Kt’s 3d. P to K’s B’s 4th.
14 —Kt takes Kt. K’s B’s P takes Kt.
15 —Kt to K’s Kt’s sth. Q to K’s square.
16—Q’s B to K’s 3d. P to K’s R's 3d.
17—Kt takes Bishop. Q takes Kt.
18—Q to K’s Kt’s 4th. Q takes Q.
19 —B takes Q's P, check. K to R’s square.
20—P takes Q. Kt akes Q’s P.
21—B takes K’s P P to Q’s B’s 3d.
22—K to R’s 2d. P to Q’a B’s 4th.
23—8 takes Q's Kt’s P. Q’s Rto Q’s Kt’s square.
24 —B to K’s 4th. B to Q’s B’s 2d.
25—P to K’s B’s 4th. R takes Q’s Kt’s P.
26—K to R’s 3d. Q’s Rto K’a 7th
27—K’s R to K’s square R to Q’s Kt’s 7th.
28—P to K’s Kt’s 3d. Pto K’s Kt’s 4th.
29—8 takes Kt. P takes B.
30—Q’s Rto Q’s B’s square. B to Q’s R’s 4th.
31—R to K’s B’s square. Q’s Rto K’s 7th
32—8 to K’s B’s sth. Kt’s P takes P.j
33—P takes P. Pto Q’s 6th.
34—Q’s R to Q’s square. P to Q’s 7th.
35—K to Kt’s 3d. K’s Rto Q’s Kt’s square.
36 —B to K’s 6th. K to Kt’s 2d.
37—8 to Q’s Kt’s 3d K Rto Q’s square.
38—P to K’s 6th. K to B’s 3d.
39—K to B’s 3d. II to K’s Bth.
40—K to K’s Kt’s 2d. K's Rto Q’s sth.
41—K to Kt’s 3d. Q’s Rto K’s sth.
42—K’s R to K’s B’s 2d. Q’s R to K’s th.
43—Rto K’s B’s 3d K’s R to K’s sth
44—P to K’s Kt’s sth check. P takes P
45—P takes P check K takes P
46—8 to Q’s B’s 2d Rto K’s Kt’s sth check
47—K to K’s R’s 3d It to K’s R’s sth check
48—K to Kt’s 2d Rto K’s B’s stli
49—Rto K’s Kt’s 3d check R to K’s Kt’s sth
50—K to K’s B’s 3d R takes R check
51—K takes R R takes K’s P.
52—It to K’s B’s square. It to K’s 4th.
53—K to Kt’s 2d. Rto Q’s B’s 4th.
54—8 to Q’s square B to Q’s Kt’s sth.
55—K to B’s 3d K to B’s 4th.
56—K to K’s 2d check. K to K’s stli.
57—R to K’s B’s 3d. R to K’s Kt’s 4th.
58—B to Q’s B’s 2 check. K to Q’s sth
59—R to Q’s 3d check. Kto B’s 4th.
60—Rto K’s B’s 3d. Rto Kt’s sth.
61—B to Q’s Kt’s 3d Pto Q’s It’s 4th
62—8 to Q’s square
At this point the game was drawn.
The second game in the match will be commenced
on Monday or Tuesday evening of next week.
The Charleston News, Democratic and State
Kights, says “ Douglas and Cass, although Demo
crats, have done the South more injury than all
other men—more than the whole array of the Abo
litionists ever could do. They have given effect to
Anti-Slavery under specious and treacherous
guises.”
The News is at fault in ascribing so much power
and influence to Cass and Douglas. They would
have been powerless in all their Squatter Sovereign
ty schemes but for the recreancy of Southern mem
bers of Congress, who now have the cool effrontery
to tell their constituents they were cheated and de
ceived in the Kansas bill. When Gen. Cass, in
1848, avowed the odious doctrine of Squatter Sove.
reignty in his celebrated Nicholson letter, the doo
trine was denounced throughout the entire South,
and yet, in less than seven years thereafter, we find
Southern men voting for a bill in which it was and
is the most prominent feature, and the whole South
—a majority in every State in the South—shouting
hosannas over the swindle.
General Bowman, the Superintendent of Public
Printing, has purchased the Union newspaper es
tablishment, and will take possession in about two
weeks. Perhaps its name will be changed.
So it seems the new proprietors thmk the rose by
another name will smell sweeter. If they would
change the character of the paper, what the name
might be would be of little consequence. But it is
so servile a sheet now, as not to command the re
spect of any portion of the American people, whose
good opinions are worth catering for, and the mere
change of name will add nothing to its present
position, which is anything but creditable to the
character of American journalism. No man who
feels like an American freeman should feel, can
contemplate the servile character cf the Washing
ton Union, without a sense of humiliation, that
men coaid be found in this free oountry, sufficiently
enlightened to conduct a journal, who could ex
hibit such debasing servility to those in power.
The River. —The River is again up to a high
figure. At 6 o’clock last evening, it had reached
full 26 feet, and wqp still rising. The heavy rain
which prevailed here Sunday night, most have been
full as copious np the country.
Public Land Grants.—The Secretary of the
Interior has approved of the following grants of
public lands inuring under acts of Congress : For
the Dubuque and Pacific Kailroad Branch, 1,152,-
139 acres ; for the lowa Central Air Line Rail
road, 631,130 acres ; for the Mississippi and Mis
souri Railroad, 553,431 acres ; making an aggre
gate of nearly 2,137,000 acres. Also, 394,523
acres to the Alhbama and Florida Kailroad, in
Alabama, to the State and company.
Adjourned Meeting of the Fire Depart
ment.—The adjourned Meeting of the Augusta Fire
Department was held at Fireman's Hall last even
ing. The business to be transacted, being the
eleetionofofficers, Ist and 2d Assistants, Secretary
and Treasurer, was gone through with, and the re
sult is as follows: Chief Engineer,F. Lamback;
Ist Assistant, J. A. Robert; 2d Assistant, B.
Heney; Secretary, A. Philip; Treasurer, A.
Iverson.
The “Culprit Fat.” —A New York publishing
house has lately issued an edition of this charming
fairy poem. We see by a card in the Timet , that
the book was published without the sanction of the
heirs of the late Dr. Drake— they having the ex
clusive copyright. The sale of the book has there
fore been peremptorily stopped.
Citizens Bank, New Orleans. —The Montgo
gomery Mad of Saturday says : —We were shown
this morning a dispatch from New Orleans, stating
that the country is flooded with counterfeit ten dol
lar bills on the Citizens Bank, New Orleane. Look
close for them; it is supposed that the counterfeit
is we'l executed, else this intelligence would not
have been sent abroad by telegraph at private ex
pense.
Female Thieves at Boston.—Two female shop
lifters from New York visited Boston last week,
and under the pretence of shopping plundered sev
eral stores of silks, dec., to the amount of $1,200. —
They wera detected at one establishment, arrested
and the goods found in their trunks. The women
gave their names as Julia Hall and Mary Davis;
the former says she is thirty years old, and the
other gave her age as thirty-five.
Mail Bobber Sentenced.— Sandy K. Clark was
tried last week at Franklin, Ky., on a charge of
committing depredations upon the malls, convicted,
and sentenced to twelve years’ imprisonment in the
penitentiary.
A Fugitive Slate Recovered. —A slave of A.
Ridgely, residing near Wheeling, Va., who ran
away in 1856, was captured in Ohio last week, and
returned to his master.
The Governor es Massachusetts has appointed
Thursday, the 7th of April, to be observed as a day
of public fasting, humiliation and prayer.
There were 419 deaths in New York last week.
Why is the birth of an infant like the relief at
Lucknow f Because the expected succor has ar
rived.
There was a violent hail etorm at Memphis on
Monday evening last
Democratic .Retrenchment. —Cutting down
the wages of laborers on public works, and increas
ing the pay of members to Congress.
Taking Time by the Forelock.— The English
papers state that application has been made to the
committee of the Newcastle new Town Hall for the
use of the hall on April 33, 1864 1 the tri-centenary
of Shakspeare.
“Better Late than Never.”
Some years ago, when we denounced the “South
ern Commercial Conventions ,” as the most unmiti
gated humbugs, ever imposed upon a people, worse
than any ever practiced by Barncm, in big palm
iest days, many of the miserable party hacks and
demagogues of the country—some among the press
gang, saw in it abundant evidenoe of our want
of fidelity to the South. Now, however, when the
thing is so transparent that he who runs may read
“humbug!—humbug" —in blaxing oharaotera upon
the face of every man now connected with them,
and in every line and word of their proceedings,
some are retracing their steps, and are proclaiming
the true character of the bald and miserable bum
bug. Among tnis class we are pleased to reckon
the Federal Union, the editor of which was so un
sophisticated as to have been more than once in
the green room, and may be supposed to speak
excatbedra. Hear him :
From the Federal Unian.
Our exchanges informs us, that the next commer
cial convention will assemble at Vicksburg, Miss.,
on the second Monday in May. We have, some
how or other, been in two of these Conventions, ana
we have never seen the day since, that we did not
regret the part we bore in them, humble as it was.
True, the gallant and hospitable Charlestionians
feasted us on the fat of the land —drank us in the
finest brands of German and other wines—rode us
in elegant steamboats, and danced us in splendid
halls, and did much more for us than we had any
right to expect ; and the good people of Montgome
ry did the best they could to entertain us; never
theless the Conveniions in both places were mag
nificent failures, and did nobody any good. The
last Convention at Montgomery, though well at
tended, was fruitless of good to anybody or any
interest in the South. On the contrary it did great
harm, by developing an issue calculated to divide
the people of the South, and, consequently, to
weaken them in the Confederacy. We sincerely
hope Georgia may not be represented at Vicks
burg. If the Southern States really desire to as
semble in Convention, and oonfer together on politi
cal questions which affect their welfare, we have
no objection. W T e should, at least, know what to
expect from its action, and be prepared to send
delegates of the right stamp to represent our State.
But to call together the idle lawyers and jackdaw
politicians of the land, and call it a Commercial
Convention, is the essence of humbug.
There is another idea about these so called Com
mercial Conventions. They have met heretofore
under the most favorable auspices ; and have not
only done nothing to advance the Commercial in
terests of the Southern States; but have by their
fruitless sessions brought on us the contempt and
scoffs of our Northern enemies. It Is time that
this farce was played out; it is time for Southern
men who respect themselves and their State to
cease the pursuit of personal and political bobbies
at the expense of tLe reputation and quiet of the
Commonwealth.
The Savannah Republican introduces the article
of the Union with the following remarks :
We have denounced this conoern from the very
first moment our eyes caught a glimpse of its ri
diculous proceedings. It is a reflection upon the
intelligence and good name of the South, and an
abominable nuisance which every good patriot
should help to abate. For a long time, we stood al
most alone in our opposition ; much of our press,
especially the Democratic portion of it, heaping all
Borts of vituperation upon our head and chaigingus
with infidelity to the institutions of our own State
and section. We are gratified to see a oiange in
the views of many of our cotemporaries, and that
they are beginning to appreciate the trne character
of these conventions and the contemptible pes.tion
in which they are placing us in ths eyes of man
kind. The Federal Union withdrew its “aid and
comfort,” we believe, about a year ago, and has,
ever since, made war upon the folly. The follow
ing, from its last iseue, epeakß the sentiments of a
large majority of the southern people, whom the
self-appointed delegates to those conventions assume
to represent.
Eighth District.
Among the many names suggested as Mr. Ste
phens’ successor as Representative of the Bth Dis
trict, none have struck us, says the Athens Watch
man, with the same favor as that of the Hon. Chas.
J. Jenkins. A pure patriot, high-toned Christian
gentleman, and able statesman, as he is on ail hands
confessed to be, we doubt whether any one could
more worthily represent the Bth District. He
voted, it is trne, for Mr. Buchanan as against
Fremont—believing there was “no chance” for
Fillmore. Thousands of other patriotic old-line
Whigs did the same thing all over the land, and we
now have no quarrel with them for having done
bo. In common with thousands of patriotic Demo
crata who did the same thing, they have lived to
regret it —they have repented of it—they lee and
feel that it was an unfortunate step. We take it
for granted, that having tried the “iron-ribbed
Democracy, with its thousand crimes upon its hoary
head,” and been deceived, they are now ready to
make one more vigorous effort to rescue tire be
loved laud of their birth from total ruin at the hands
of the Spoilers.
Mr. Jenkins’ past character for political honeßty
and consistency warrants us in believing that he
will heartily co-operate with those who are making
an effort to cast the money-changers out of our
political temple, and w e should be pleased to see
him marching at the head cf the column in the once
glorious old Eighth.
Harper’s Magazine for April has been reoeived
and laid on our table by H. D. NoRRELL. The
firet paper—” Wrecking on the Florida Keys”—
gives a graphic picture, both with pen and engra
vings, of a phase of life on our coast not generally
known to the reader. The two other illustrated ar
ticles—“ Madagascar,” and “ The Red River Trail”
—are interesting, and full of information conveyed
in a pleasing manner. The tales, essays, poetry
and misoellany are all excellent, and fully keep up
the established reputation of this popular monthly.
Russell’s Magazine, for April, is at hand. It
fully sustains its previous reputation for being the
exponent of the best literary talent of the South, and
ought to be liberally patronized. The present num
ber commences the third year and fifth volume of
this invaluable monthly, affording a good opportu
nity to subscribe. Published at Charleston ; terms
$3.00 per annum.
Honors to Professor Morse.—Col. Shaffner, of
Worcester, Mass., has received a letter from Pro
fessor Morse, father of American telegraphy, dated
Pcrto Rioo, February 22d, 1859. Professor Morse
says:
“I have just had the unexpected official intelli
gence tbal the Queen of Spain has created me
Knight Commander of the Older of Isabella the
Catholic A letter from the first Secretary of State
has just announced this to me, with the promise of the
diploma by the next steamer. The Swedish Royal
Academy of Sciences at Stockholm has also elected
me a foreign member of the academy.”
Collision and Loss of Life on the Hudson. —
On Monday night, the steamer North America came
in collision with the sloop Stephen Raymond, on
the Hudson River, by which accident the sloop's
crew, consisting of three persons, had not time to
escape from the vessel before Bhe went down, and
were all drowned.
The Washington correspondent of the Philadel
phia Press says : “We cannot walk from the
Capitol to Willard's Hotel without hearing the
aDgriest and sometimes the most touching denun
ciations against the heartless and utterly worthless
heads of departments, who are either too lazy or
too incompetent to attend to the business of the
people, and who are more than half , their time
closeted with politiciacs, instead of despatching the
business of their citizen masters. One case in par’
ticular has been much commented on, of a gentle
man who, on a small matter of business, visited one
of the departments thirty five times, sat waiting in
the ante-room two hundred and >-ixty hours, aDd
walked between his hotel and the department fifty
one miles before his business was disposed of, and
when disposed of, his tavern bill had nearly absorb
ed the amount of allowance, to say nothing of the
loss of time and detention from the engagements of
home.
The New Cent Poisonous. —Several instances
have lately occurred in different parts of the coun
try, says an exchange, where children have died
from the effects of poison taken into the Bystem by
swallowing the new nickel cent. As this coin is
small and easily swallowed there is great danger in
allowing young children to have them in their pos
session. The metal which composes it has had a
fatal effect, and would seem to be poisonous.
Southern Stea mer Lines from Boston. —The
Boston Commercial Bulletin of the 25th, states that
two applications for charters are now before the
Massachusetts Legislature for lines of steamers be
tween Boston and Southern ports. One by E. 8
Torrey and others as a Committee of the Board of
Trade, and another by Donald Mackay. The for
mer contemplates a line of four steamers to run be
tween Boston and Charleston, or Savannah, or
both, and the latter to New Orleans.
Pgfulation of Louisiana. —The corrected re
turns of the State of census of Louisiana showing
the following_tiguree:
White population of the State 355,007
Slaves • ..303 800
Free colored 18,164
Total population 646,971
Terrible Storm of Wind and Rain.—A terri
ble tornado visited Aberdeen, Mias., on Sunday
night, the 20th inet., accompanied by floods of
rain. Buildings were unroofed, walls and fences
thrown down, cotton sheds demolished and great
damage to goods, 6rc., by the water. No lives
were lost, and it is noticed as a remarkable fact,
that no person was even injured in this fearful
elemental strife. The damage to property must be
immense, but the Aberdeen Conservative, from
which we gather these particulars, gives no esti
mate of the loss sustained.
Elections for Members of Congress.—Elec
tions for Members of Congress are to be held in the
course of this year as follows: Connecticut and
Rhode Island elect early in April; in Virginia on
the fourth Thursday of May; on first Monday of
August in Alabama, Kentucky and Texas; on first
Thursday of August in Tennessee; on second Thurs
day of August in North Carolina; on first Monday
ot October in Georgia and Mississippi; on second
Tuesday of October in Minnesota; on first Monday
(7th) of October in Louisiana, and on first Wednes
day (2d) of October in Maryland.
The Richmond Dispatch says that an intelligent
gentleman of that city, recently from Cuba, Eays
that, “ except among a few persons engaged in the
American trade, the opposition there to filibuster
ism and annexation is universal. They have no
more desire to be annexed to the United States than
Louisiana has to be annexed to Spain.” “Os all
sections in this country,” adds the Dispatch, “ the
South is the very last that should disturb the rights
of Spain in Cuba.”
That “Bargain and Sale.’ —The Dalton North
Georgia Times, referring to an article from the At
lanta Confederacy, charging a recent meeting of
oertain politicians at Dalton, at which a certain oor
rupt bargain wa3 entered into for their mutual ben
efit, denies that such meeting ever took place, and
challenges the Confederacy to the proof. We shall
not be suprised if somebody should be puzzled.
Telegraph to Camden. —The Journal states
that arrangements have been made for putting up
telegraphic wires from Kingsville to Camden.
Physical Training.
The necessity for training the bodies as well as
the minds of children, if yon would have a baaltby
vigorious ra e perpetuated, all experience abund
antly attests, while the evil oonsequenoes of its
neglect are daiiy and hourly demonstrated among
all classes, and both sexes, but particularly among
the gentler sex. It is as absurd to suppose that you
oan produce healthy aud vigorous meu aud women
without proper physical training and exercise as to
suppose you could have an intelligent people with
out educatiou. The one is as probable as the other.
The demands of nature must be obeyed or the
offspring will as certainly suffer the peuality in the
shape of disease and all its consequent evils as day
follows n girt. Hence the following remarks of the
Philadelphia Enquirer are full of interest to pa
rents, and of vital importance to their children, upon
whom many parents, through a mistaken kindness,
are b< r, i aimeasurable curses :
A ste - has a taken in the right direction by
“the Teuche.o A ’ation of Middlesex county,
Massachusetts.” .-■> ureiuoers have adopted reso
lutions, expressing the opiniou that “children in the
primary schools should not he confined to study iu
their seats, more than three hours in a day, and if
the convenience of their parents requires that they
Bhould be under the care of their teachers a longer
time each day, the additional hours should be devo
ted to exercises calculated to promote the morals,
the social and the physical welfare of the pupils.”
We have not met with any thing more sensible or
morecommeudable for a long time Themodernplan
of education is full of error and danger. In the
great majority of cases, the development of the
mind is alone taken into consideration, while the
physical constitution is totally disregarded. There
are, it is true, exceptions, and we are glad to learn
that several of the most popular and experienced
teachers of Philadelphia, have of late years united
the two systems—physical developments with men
tal training. A similar course should be pursued
in all our public schools. The mind cannot strength
en, while the body is neglected or enfeebled. The
one is measurably dependent upon the other. It is
beyond all question, that the seeds of disease are
implanted iu many constitutions, by long confine
ment in schools, while it is equally certain that the
minds of the young are overtaxed and overtasked,
and often with the most deplorable consequences.
We fear, moreover, that in some cases, the emu
lation or competition system is carried to a hazard
ous extent. A boy or girl may be exceadingly am
bitious, aud yet lack the ability to co npete with
one whose intellectual gifts are of a higher charac
ter, or whose memory is particulary retentive ; and
thus in the struggle, the mind may overstrain itself,
and sickness, insanity, or even death ensue. Is this
view of the case duly considered by parents and
teachers ? Or, do they not, sometimes, in their ef
forts to render their children or their pupils objeots
of admiration, forget the true welfare of beings,
who are confided to their care, and by the hot-bed
or forcing process, break them down before their
faculties are sufficiently developed. How eommon
it is to find a pert, smart, precocious child pushed
forward with a sort of silly pride, aud made an ob
ject of exhibition. The parent, the teacher, or the
guardian, vainly supposing that a being who, while
so young, can accomplish so muoh, is destined to
achieve still more extraordinary intellectual prodi
gies in the time to come. And yet, how rarely
does it occur, that those who are so wonderful in
childhood, are characterized by anything remarka
ble, in a mental point of view, when they arrive at
years of maturity ! The truth birnply is, that they
are exhausted when too young, and after having
progressed to a certain extent, their minds refuse
any further development. It should be remember
ed the brain, physically, is only half grown at an
early period of life, aud undue application, instead
of assisting and strengthening, impairs or dwarfs
ts power.
It is well observed that “inflated; ambition is
often a serious cause of inducing parents, as well as
teachers, to overtask their children or their pupila
For many teaohere make marks medals aud ex
aminations, the chief tests of the value of a school.
Thus the unfortunate children are crammed and
stuffed beyond the requirements of reason or com
mon Bense, and in many cases to the injury of
health, as well aB to the enervation of mind.” The
subjeot is one of great and grave importance, and it
cannot attract too much attention. I'he mind and
body are, we repeat, measurably dependent upon
each other, and we cannot neglect the latter, with
out imparing the strength, the energy, and to us
retarding due development of the former. Os what
value, tor example, would be the volition to strike
a blow, without the muscular power to enforce the
thought ?— l’hila. Enquirer.
Murder of a Little Boy by a Negro. —The
Woodville (Miss.) Gazette has a loDg account of
the murder of Wm. lleßt, a little boy aged about
eight years, son of Mr. Francis Best, by a negro
boy, a few days ago. It appears that the child start
ed from home in search oi a horse, aud was soon af
terward joined by the negro boy Stephen, who had
been dispatched for the same purpose. About dark
the negro returned home unaccompanied by the
child—and as the negro persisted in protesting igtio
ranee as to his whereabouts, the alarm was spread
searoh was made, and ct last the dead body of the
child was fund in anew aud unfinished brick build
ing in the village. The heartless murderer confess
ed that the child had threatened to tell something
on him, when he managed to draw him inside of
the building, struck him on the back part of the
head or neck a blow, which stunned the little
little fellow aid felled him to the ground, and per
ceiving that his victim yet exhibited signs of life,
he jumped upon him and choked him to death.
The day after the murder, a crowd of citizens as
sembled near the jail, with the intention of break
ing it open and lynch!, g the murderer, bat by the
firmness and determination of the Mayor and Sheriff,
they were prevented from carrying their plans into
execution.
A Successful Ruse. —Some smart tricks were
played off in various localities on the first of April
The following from the Baltimore Clipper will do.
It says:
A seedy individual came running down Frede
rick street utter'ng yells like a savage, reaching the
dock he plunged in, as the bystanders imagined,
for the purpose of committing suicide He waß
quickly fished out apparently half drowned and ta
ken into a house near by, where restoratives were
applied. A half hour was spent in rubbing, without
signs of life appearing in the unfortunate man. One
of the orowd suggested that a glass of liquor would
be beneficial. The beverage was procured and
poured down the paflenl’s throat ; signs of return
ing life becoming apparent another tumbler full
of the critter joined its companion. Judge of the
Burprize of the party when the chap raisi-d himself
up and thanked his friends for the liberal treat which
they bad indulged him in. In explanation of his
conduct he stated that he was hard up and wanted
a drink, and adopted the above ruse for accom
plishing his object.
Pikes’ Peak. —A letter from a former citizen of
Richmond, who was returning from California in
January, and stopped at Pikes’ Peak, on the 15th
of that month, and tested the truth of the gold le
ports, says:
I found that the reports were nearly all true.
During the three days I remained at the mines,
(I am now at Platte county, getting an outfit to re
turn.) though prospecting but little, I found gold
flentlful. Trying apian merely for experiment,
filled it twice, and found that I had realized $8 or
$lO. The gold is mostly scale gold and very fine.
The bed rock is from 6to 10 feet deep in some
places, but gold can be found as far as 200 miles
from the Peak. On the 15th of January, the weath
er was very cold and the snow in some plaoes six feet
deep. The miners were averaging $2 to $5 per
day. Viginians who contemplate going to the gold
region had better purchase their outfit at home
and pay the freight on them to St. Josephs, Mo.
Cattle are very high just now, and bring $l5O per
yoke. Let emigrants start from Leavensworth
city, and thence up to the South Platte, it is a bet
ter route than the North Platte.
Virginia Repudiates Buchanan. —The Demo
cracy of Virginia, in the sharp contest that is before
them, fiad it convenient to repudiate Mr. Buchan
an altogether. The Richmond Enquirer says :
“We have yet to see the first Virginia Democrat
who fails utterly to denounce the leading measures
of the President's message ”
New Orleans and the South. —A correspon
dent of the New York Times, writing from New
Orleans, under date of March 14th, takes a very
favorable view of matters and things at the Souih.
We extract a portion of his letter:
There is no disputing the fact that the Southern
portion of the Confederacy is in a highly prosperous
condition—perhaps nevermore so. Os all the great
staples produced, the crops during the past year
have been abundant, sales active and prices high.
The recorded receipts of cotton at all the ports'to
this date, foot up three millions and seventy-nine
thousand bales. The amount yet to come in will
exceed one million bales, giving a crop thiß year of
over four millions of bales; and when we reflect
that of this, Great Britain takes something more
than three millions, we can comprehend what a
clincher we have on that old kingdom. Every de
partment of business in this city is exceedingly ac
tive and money abundant. Transactions in Ex
change during the past week reached the high fig
ure of thre* and a half millions of dollars.
No species of property has felt the effect of this
state of affairs more sensibly than negroes The
average price of field hands may be stated at $ 1,500,
and the tendency is upward. A 1 niggers sell for
$1,750 to $2,000. These rates were never reached
but once before, and that was during the specula
tive times of 1836, and which were not of long
continuance. The rates now, however, are the
consequence of an actual necessity and demand.—
One of your Southern correspondents stated not
long since that the Mississippi Valley was drawing
the negro population from the Atlantic States. This
is true, and to such ao extent are the richer planters
of the aforesaid valley investing in this species of
property, that many are beginning to think theie is
danger ahead, and that it is time to stop. In seve
ral of the Louisiana districts there are ten blacks to
every white man, woman and child, and it has be
come necessary to keep up the district police and
guard.
New York must soon feel the effect of the highly
prosperous state of affairs to which allusion baa
been made. The South is getting cut of debt and
beginning to accumulate surplus capital.
A writer in The Spirit of the Times gives the fol
lowing statement of outfits with which two English
Lords furnished themselves in New Orleans, for a
Buffalo hunt in Arkansas .
“Four red flannel shirts, two pairs of thick boots,
two pairs of buckskin trowsere, two Scotch caps
without visors, (no stockings or drawers,) two rifles,
two six barret Colt’s (army regutation) shooters,
four Bowie knives! and eight hundred and seventy
five collars worth of Brandy, with plenty of amuni
tion to last four months.”
Counterfeits —The Ashville (N. C.) News
states that a counterfeit g ve dollar bill has made its
appearance on the Union Bank of South Carolina—
Vignette, large V., with five Pres dents on it, eagle,
flags, Ao., female on lower left corner; red tint.
The Patent office fees last week exceeded $2500.
The inventine genius of the country is taking a
fresh start.
The Harrisburg, Va., Democrat says : “We hear
from persons who have been digging in the ground,
lately, that they have discovered a great many
embryo locusts making their way to the top of the
ground. Farmers judge from these indications
that a vast army may be looked far this coming
spring and summer.”
A Budden Fall is Lard.— A man in Cincinnati
fell from the second story of a house to the cellar,
and, singularly enough, head foremost into a lard
barrel with the head out, thereby saving his life.
Cotton Burnt. —We lean from the Winnsboro
Register, that about twenty bales of cotton were
consumed by fire, on the down freight train of Fri
day. The car was injured but little.
Heavy Suit for Damages.— Suit has been insti
tuted by Jno. Cockbum, of New Orleans, against
the master and owners of the steamer Princess, for
$50,000 damages, for injuries received by the ex
plosion of that ill-fated steamer.
Arrest or a Fugitive Slave.— A few days
ago a fugitive slave belonging to James Kilgour, of
Cabel county, Va., was arrested in Ross county,
Ohio, whither he had fled two years ago. A mob of
two hundred persons soon gathered, but the captors
succeeded in taking the fugitive to Cincinnati,
where he was placed in jaiL
United States Treasury. —The amount in the
United States Treasury,, subject to draft, on the
28th ult., was $8,460,437, of whioh $15,834 was at
Richmond, Va., $5,283 at Norfolk, Va., and $4,535
at Wilmington, N. C. A transfer of $5,000 to
Norfolk was ordered.
GEORGIA ITEMS.
Hon. R. P. Tripfe, it is etated, has signified his
determination not to accept a nomination for re
e>ection to the next Congress.
Military.—The Montgomery “ True Blues,”
under command of Capt. T. Lomax, contemplate
paying a visit to Macon, sometime in May.
Mr. J. G. Patton, Esq ,of Marietta, has been
elected to deliver the annual address before the two
societies of the Georgia Military Institute, on the
13th of July next.
Marietta Patriot.—We notice by a late num
ber of the Marietta (Gs.) Patriot, that Mr. J. B.
Laurence has retired from his connection with
that paper, and is succeeded by Mr. B. A. Grist.—
The publishers are about enlarging their sheet, aud
also intend issuing a Dollar Weekly at an early
day.
Fatal Accident.—A correspondent of the Dis
patch says that a most lamentable accident occur
red in Forsyth county on last Saturday. A litiie son
of Ransom Teddar, some eight or nine years old,
was turning under a joist, six or eight feet high,
which broke in two and dipped on him, killing him
almost instantly.
Blown Down.—Ths Lawrenoevilie News says :
The Tower on the Stone Mountain was blown down
by the heavy storm on the night of the 28th. It has
been considered dangerous to enter into its upper
stories tor some time past, and it is doubtless a
lucky hit for some of the adventurous visitors who
pay their respects to this solid “Pyramid of Granite”
each recurring summer, that it has yielded to the
fury of the storm.
Steam Flouring Mill.— The Rome Courier
says : We are glad to iearn that C. T. Cuuniugtiam
and others have completed their arrangements for
erecting a fine Merchent and Custom Mill in Rome.
The building will be commenced immediately, uear
the Foundry, on a lot now occupied by John Smith.
This mill will be of great advantage to Rome and
the country round about both as a home market for
Wheat and a convenient place for obtaining family
snppliea of F lour.
Georgia Railroad.—We are indepted to the
politenesa of the officers of the Georgial Railroad for
the following statement, showing the amount of
produce transported over the Road from April Ist,
1858?, to March 31, 1859 :
Cotton. Bbls. Flour. Bus’ls Grain.
April 14,07 L 10,340 56,101
May 11,329 13,623 51,105
June 8,096 5,646 23,707
July 2,295 3,741 109 845
August 1,919 15,875 236,252
September 10.328 17,619 138,332
October .47,615 18,149 1C6,;07
November 32,388 9,812 18,794
December 36,872 8,481 36.630
January........ 27,345 9 785 33,396
February 18,445 3,632 40,086
March 14,844 4,376 62,835
219,547 121,159 813,290
From April 1,
1857, to April
1,1858 122,707 127,851 1,058,490
“Death's Doings Again. —The Thomasviile En.
terprise says—“Our oldest citizens are passing away
and but few now remain upon whom we may look
as the pioneers of Southwestern Georgia. It is our
sad duty to record the death of two of the oldest
citizens of Thomas county within a very few days
of each other. Lucien 11. Raines uiod at his resi.
deuce near Duncanville ou the 29th ultimo, from
an attack of pneumonia; and John Groover, or as
he was more familiarly called, Jouny Groover near
Grooverville, on the 24th.
“Both were excellent citizens of the highest stand
ing and influence. Mr. Raines had been declining
‘n health for several mouths we understand, from
the effects of various diseases when he was attacked
by pneumonia, which terminated his life. Mr. Groo
ver died from the effects of a dess of medicine which
he had procured from a physician and which acted
instantaneously upou him both as a powerful emetic
and purgative.
“Their loss will he severely felt by the roraaiu
nities in which they lived and both leave large con
nections and many friends to Borrow over their
grs.ves. Thus passes the wißdom aud strength of
every community.
“Sacred friendship stands a mourner here,
And sad memory drops the silent tear.’’
Another party of twelve men from Murray coun
ty, took passage on the Chattanooga train at this
place, on Monday evening last, for Pike’s Peak
We see men Irom various parts of the State pass
ing here almost every day for the same place.—
Dalton Times.
Fire.—We regret to learn that Mr. John Y. Mil
ler, of Floyd county, had his house and kitchen
with all their furniture and other contents, consum
ed by fire on the night cf the 20th inst. How the
tire originated is yet undetermined. The family
had gone to church not more than a quarter of a mile
distant. —Calhoun Platform.
Arrest of a Counterfeiter.—Policeman
Wray and Bell arrested an Italian named Joe Paul,
Monday night, who had been passing counterfeit
half dollars on sundry parties in the city, The coin
is evidently a base imitation, and it is hoped that
the offender may be punished to the extent of the
law. —Savannah Republican 30 th.
A Tf.mi'Eßance Movement.—The citizens of
Fayetteville, in this State, held a public meeting,
on the 25th instant, for the purpose of devising
means for ridding the town of the traffic in ardent
spirits. It was a complete success. A sufficient
amount waH subscribed to buy out the only two
liquors shops in the place (the owuers being pres
ent at the meeting and offering to sell for cost and
freight, and quit the business) and all the property
holders signed a pledge binding themselves, “not
to rent or sell any of their properly within the in
corporate limits for the purpose of retailing ardent
spirits ; further binding them, whenever a sale of
property might be effected, to stipulate in the deed
of conveyance that no part of said property should
be appropriated, either iu houses already erected or
in any that might hereafter be built, to said busi
ness of retailing spirituous liquors—the penalty in
case of vio ation to be the forfeiture of ull right to
property.”— Sav. Rep.
Rascal Caught —A rogue by the nnme of
Johnson has been using for some time of late, about
Fairburu, workiug some and loafing more. A few
days ago, he saw Mr. Samuel Cole, the Depot Agent
at Fairburn, deposit between two aud three hun
dred dollars, one afternoon, iu a drawer in the ticket
office. Said Johnson longed for said money. The
next night he broke open the window opening into
the reception room of the depot, and forced himself
through the small hole, where the Agent generally
stands to sell tickets, aud opened the money draw
er and helped himself to about 275 dollars in money.
He gave a young man of B’airburn, 40 dollars ,o
keep him posted, and mounted the cars for Augus
ta.
The father of the young man found out that there
was to be a correspondence between Mr. Thief and
his bod, and went to the Post Office and opened the
first letter that arrived for his sou, and learned from
it that Johnson was in Augusta, enjoying anew,
euit of clothes, and waiting to hoar from his cor
respondent, to know whether he, Johnson, was sus
picioned of'taking the money. If S3, he was to get
a little farther from Fairburn. Instead of allowing
the son to fulfil the or gmal contract, the father
made the son return the 40 dollars to the rightful
owner, and aided in an effort which lias resulted m
patching the rogue, and we learn that he passed
through this place on Wednesday nigh!, on his re
turn to Fairburn, where he perpetrated his crime.—
Atlanta Intel. April 1.
Washington’s Birthday in the British Pos
sessions.—Our California exchanges bring us the
following particulars concerning the refusal of Gov.
Douglas, of Victoria, to permit a celebration of
■Washington’s Birthday by the American residents
of that new British colony :
On the 21st of February, at a meeting of Ameri
can residents at Victoria, th > following correspon
dence was read:
To His Excellency Oov. James Douglas, C. B. .-
The American residents of this place, being desi
rous of celebrating the Birthday of General George
Washington, propose firing a salute at meridian to
morrow. Trusting that your Excellency will ap
prove thereof.
We remain, very respectfully,
[Signed by nineteen mercantile firms.]
Government House, )
Victoria, V. 1., February 21, 1859. j
Gentlemen— l am directed by His Eiceliency,
the Governor, to acknowledge the receipt of your
communication oi tins date, app'ying to His Excel
lency for permission to celebrate tho “Birthday of
General George Washington, by a salute at meri
dian tomorrow.”
In reply thereto, I am to acquaint you that Ilia
Excellency, although possessing the most siLOere
desire to enow especial regard to the memory of so
estimable and virtuous a private gentleman, and so
illustrious a patriot and statesman as Washington,
does not feel authorized, even ir> this case, to depart
so far from custom as to sanction any public demon
stration of any marked character, such as the firing
of salutes or public processions through the streets,
being undertaken by private individuals.
I have the honor to be, gentlemen,
Your most obedient servant,
William A. G. You.no,
Acting Colonial Sscretary.
To Meesrs. Goodwin St Cos., G. B. Wright, J. C.
George St Cos., and others, signers of the aforesaid
communication.
The following resolutions were then passed:
Resolved, That a Committee of Five be appoin
ted by the Chair for the purpose of drawing up and
publishing to the world, a respectful protest against
the insult which has been given to the feelings of
the American portion of this community.
Resolved, That all Americans be requested to
close their places of business to-morrow, at ten
o’clock, A. M., as a tribute of respect to the memory
of George Washington.
The Chair appointed a Committee to carry out
the first resolution, whereupon the meeting adjourn
ed.
The Gazette has nothing to say editorially upon
the subject.
On the evening of the 22d a dinner, in honor of
the occasion, was given, at which thirty Americans
and six Englishmen were present'.
A Nice Little Swindle Detected.—A San
Francisco correspondent of the New Orleans Delln
detects the following attempt at a swindle ;
An antique-looking gold watch was reoently ex
hibited in this city which bore the following inscrip
tion :
G. Washington
to
Gilbert Motiers de Lafayette,
Lord Cornwallis’ Capitulation,
Yorktown.
Oct. 17th, 1781.
The newspapers made long items about it, and the
curious in ancient articles rushed in crowds to see
it. The proprietor handled it w ; th great care and re
verence ; and while he expressed a willingness to sell
it for SIOOO, wonld not let it go out of his sight. A
movement was started to buy it for the Mercantile
Library Association; and probably something of
the kind might have been done, but for the fact that
parties cognizant of the facts came ou! and exposed
a nice little plot to swindle. The watch was the
property of a French jeweler here, and a few weeks
ago was guiltless of any inscription whatever. The
jeweler sent it up to Sacramento, however, and
when it came back the lettering given above was
upon it. In other words, on th© trip from here to
Sacramento and back it had been converted into a
Washington relic ;” and the concoctore of the trick
came very near getting our good people to the tune
of $950 —which is allowing a liberal price for the old
watoh as it stood before the inscription was added
Somebody will be swindled, no doubt, with the old
trap yet.
Phosphorus as a Poison—A gentleman residing
and planting near San Joaquin, California, informs
ns, sayß the Republican :
That a short time since he used phosphorus
poison, to get rid of the squirrels upon his land, and
it was very effectual, killing large numbers. The
crows, whioh eat the dead bodies of the squirrels
thus poisoned, lay all over the ground, having been
killed by eating them ; and last of all, the magpies,
who have picked the eyes out of the crows, have
■hared the same fate. We have not learned wheth
er the effects of the phosphorus extended any farth
er.
Ladies for Piees Peae.— The Pittsburg Jour
nal notioee the departure of quite a number of
yonng ladies from that eity, en route for Pike’s
Peak.