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BY W. S. JONES.
TERMS.
THE WEEKLY
CHJIOMCLK &, SENTINEL
!S PUBLISH-0 EVERY WEDNESDAY,
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ALW IVSI I N ADV.IIM E.
Il T> TO< 1.l U*.
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year, for TEA J/ULJ>a , w.
Uaier<ir Utrekly \dvfrtlemeiiU.
t) : : r Adv. rtiv n.eiit:-, published once a
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1 .nucill Notl.e:-, , “t* per line for the first
in**ri n, and right rni per line for each Bub.se
. r.n Adverts mk.vto, Un Cents per line
M Deaths and Finkhal Noticm, ffty
I mrSFSfit ■ ft 3 ?sq3V^
) MRS.*’ wrffftßw; >J
Abu*t-nsoeMtlS’ r--a:.d I'tyeician, f-rcatnU to the
SOOTHING SYRUP,
POK . IIILDUI N TI ETIIIN.;, I
wklcb jerra* L< r tl.<- as of UrrtLirijf by Mftenta*
niodica-xi-.n, arid U * J
41 ftR TO LLM LATK THK BOVVBLH.
ftepeiui up• I. it, mothers, H will ulverest. to yourselves.and
IIEI.IKK AM) IIKAI.TII TO YOl II I.APAKTH.
ar.-l 'A .Nr AY. 1 FI llt.V’fcA N OTKI/lH of it, whS
my Of*any ‘ ‘ ‘ Y 1 ItS. M e!) l?‘i Je—
MAk.ll O.i WINSLOW’S IT FAILED,
Vo EfVk’ /'s SOOTHING jtVrUfcf'wherl
tlni.'iy NVItIF. j.Ncv.Vdld wc
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AN oVi.I.I"; V, i'; ). l-.l't I a’TION ’hmVtllk FULFIL*.
WENT of WHAT WE IH.iIK ! > fc< ‘i.A Kfc. In Almost
i*..-: .. ‘ ii -■* or twenty n. finite* after
n.-./t ‘ n. w'Jkn/land! aid has
HUH * A ,\l>r OK I ’ \4KH.
It not only rMEv ti. m r.nlo, but invlgondui the
stomach >ud Ik.w. in, cr.rr.. . tiv.*b>ne u<l energy
OUIPINOI.N llli: IKIVU.I M \NS) UIM) ( OLlir |
FOH
VV. * r* } I*ll l L&Jfit l£N ! .tE.-T A MiSU*
U>T KKWEOY *r „ .’*. p| i iv(; IN THEV,OKLL
lnu .-a I>Y*“ a ‘ Mll * ’ MbENlEliy and
111 AlUtliEA IN < lIii.OKLS. wb •:m r !t a:i,-.a from t.-.-th- |
In/, or fn i, ~ly ■•tl.-* cam V\V miM • to evr.ry mother
j
STsVT4kKI i‘,‘N\'w York j m Stb ** I
rKINE'irALOFKK'K, I H EDAIL NEW YORK, i
FKK K ONLY *25 CK.M n I*ER HOT I LK
E--din Augusta by PLUMB A LEU N Elt, nnd Lrujociat* |
S AN .FORD'S
LIVER INVIEORATORi
NEVER DEBILITATES.
IT and hu ai. |
I . )• ki .wnamt a,.| -.,v.-d
l„ •. ~i SI • .. V r.wrt.-d 1.. Will. rou
gw,
Tl, ii , tictPml.ramM.tof the In
. gtX'ia r; “" ! < “ u ’ •“*"“•
Let the ilictatfM voor judgment guide
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It will cure Sick Heu ache, (as thoutaanda can
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tack. !>
All who u. it ari’M giving their testimony
in its favor. b-3 4
Mix water iu the mouth with the Invigorator,
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PRICK $1 PER lio r ilk.
ALSO,
S A N F O ti I) ’ S
FAMILY
CATPRTIG PiLLSj
COMPOUNDED FROM
luee Yinbtablo put ii|> In
riiwii, lr tljtlii, and will
keep i: any.elliuaite.
Tb< Family CATHAKTIO-j! ITbL, Isa gwutle but active
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in tin -vhi Ii us a!!. [2^
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iuall wV'.”. h .’ I•’ .'V • Do Uerauie- I
nlimt* of mi- Ni.ir. ‘j!i, ‘ ** iu Coins l?. the black and
I.Vinf, .i:iv ol fn’-T. i.. ■ • 3 A *l-/ ‘-’t\ ;l Cr. ■epljig SeIUW- i
■ nlilul'n'; illb-u’in l t.IV a‘V-, * ,*Q tliu:..’l. iM*\l to B.“’ i
PRU K TUHKK niMBK.
UVKK INYiIiOKA IX>K an.l FAMILY CATH AH
ale bfli-.fl trade ui . 1 lb* k M. 1.,
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IJtNIi .run llfc> reu A t 0.. Win. U.TUTr, amt others.
i : o Prru jcian necessary/
tIN !•• *. MIDI K \V 110 /
2 'UISUVS PILLS./ *
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Dr. B. A. WILSON’S
FA 55 I LY FILLS.
ILM t P tafci’.y PSU, T?IUSC!'S r* partk'tuarly rw n>
jmk&o—otetplv *nJi h*rmlw, bat h'j?hly ttodfclaml
ta ff.rtr ocWtjuioa. Ono Pill with mUd
*rw%la <*;%.-*. Tbe w>ba.t taau ju; i the >M at*
’ v'H os* th*ai alika, mih every assurance of entire
afo&y With Wilson's Fills, every Mother in the
%r. i becT'a®* her own {ihy. lan. They have j*rvv**i
<h*.nv-]vte a *n4 ttand without h rival for
jM £>Uowlns *3Vtt>a*:
cuii'H rsra j iGtt: EisFßPtti. umwiruoT.
cnuca, nvts & wo. mspsria, turn wiruiw.
iLH'oi nm i liFt, MSTSPSU. LOSS WiriiUT,
ataoa nm s tsci, cnmsu uvis c-iimur.
Biliontn®**, Neuralgia,
CASurenfri*, Neuralgia,
Coctlhouats, BUiousness, Neuralgia.
deitinaMS, KUsussms, Neuralgia.
mothebs,
<*’•*■*► jneur chii4ra,and when their troubles arise
ercai haat* of childhood. Worms, avribe
t to its true caw, and remr-ee tt by
estocK’s Vermifuge
frwn the perest ma
’ •r. wt Partite anti V*e
* tl-.e pa bite
nimt-TEE 4 CO.
i!r ‘-
NOTICE.
Old Buck's Last Message (o Vie.
\KKE. ! f ADiicN'H'.liF,
VOl V Ih tteVn i- ;v,r*J PLOW STOCK
iVTaT. -v.7lsToo car 11. MV Pluiw un y.-cr i'm
Ttb *.<4. eitti.T Sinalv .* ic me: tnm*e. m • >
f“Jr; L.„ i, ■ 1 Kora Plow ;u.d PlnrUm, ar.d is u
---liVT.fJ ‘v Ikal have w. r seek. Ail this m. (w worted
penor to asiy u-m i ,„ th -^ n , n j„ oftheseoth. anv
spy hvU* 3i'.ZSbShitlTo"l
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1
I jj'.frck the Fiovs will tell caouitli. aw ai y
■ . ■■■■'■ ‘■■■'"■g—ggggggggg—iHßßMHßSß——■■■
(jfjji'onide & Sentinel.
Letter from Ilo.toii,
| Wc are obliged to oar friend for the
subjoined letter from h:s friend and kinsman
I in the old Bay State. The -writer is a thorough
Conservative—a man *f large wealth, of exalted
j personal character, and of deservedly great inHn-
J once in Boston, the hobbed of Abolitionism. • He
walks into Axdhew, the recently elected Governor,
who [ roclaimed the most infamous sentiment that
“Jons Brows was ngbt,” in the very best style.
I Ob, that we only had enough such friends union”
j the misguided, fanatic people of the North :
Boston, Bee. g-2,1 % CO.
With your letter comes the news of the seces
sion of South Carolina from the Union. This, of
carries sorrow to every patriot heart throughout
I the land. This act. has accomplished wlia't the
Abolitionists have been aiming at—. South Carolina
has played into their hands. It has given dis
couragement to all true friends of this once happv
Union. They feel it to be a desertion of tbq ground
on which the great Constitutional battle should
I have been fought. They cannot avoid seeingthat
j the vantage ground has been yielded, unwisely
, ar.d unnecessarily. It is, however, un Jnit -ic
| compli , and we must notv look at our position,
with this defection staring us iu the face. Had
time been allowed, an appeal to the people might
have been taken : Politicians, as Mr. Bixofi of the |
U. S. Senate truly said the other day, can do I
nothing. As to Statesmen, such as once gave di- !
ruction to our allairs, in moments of peril, where
are they ? Mr. i.iucolu has it in his power, by
ten lines, to restore peace to the land, hut he re
mains silent. In that quarter, therefore, nothing
can be hoped for at the present important mo
‘ncuuThe ol Several of the North
era Mtates meet soon; Boutn Carolina has thrown
down the gauntlet of defiance, and it is to be
feared that it will cause anger and ill-feeling to
J take the place of reason and a sense of justice.
J I can bee nothing to bo gained by secession, but
I do see that much may be lost, both at the North
and the .South. Separate secession, one State
alter another, is certainly a fatal mistake. There
should be a joint deliberation on the part of those
States which feel themselves aggrieved. It was
so in the war of 1812, in the days of the Hartford
Convention. Any resolutions arrived at by de
liberate counsel of all the Southern States, would
carry an irresistible weight, while the petulantact
of a single State rather provokes to opposition.
1 believe the Abolitionists, “pure and simple/’
are a feeble minority at the North; I mean by
t hat word those who are bentupou the destruction
of the institution of Slavery in the Southern
States, regardless of the Coo>titution, which is the
palladium of the rights of all within its fold. If,
however, that Constitution is abandoned, if States
go out from it, if the Union is destroyed by the
action of the South, if the restraints now imposed
upon the people of the United States are taken
away, rs tne laws cease to operate by the action of
one or more of the Southern Suites, the number
of Abolitionists would be immensely increased.
The North feels that it has its wrongs to complain
of as well as the South. An embittered feeling
exists on both sides, and one would think that our
Blessed Saviour, whose advent is so soon to be
| celebrated, had visited this world and died for our
sins in vain, such is the unchristian spirit that is
displayed.
I 1 can offer you nothing hopeful from Mussachu-
I setts, at the present moment. Yet I believe if
| the simple question were put to-day to the people,
I there would be an immediate majority in favor of
t sustaining the Union, by a rigid observance of the
Constitution in every particular, and the enforge-
I incut of the laws of the same. Our Governor
elect is a sentimental demagogue, who, though an
j educated lawyer, proclaims openly the doctrine,
j that popular will is law. He seems to forget that
j wc are not an Athenian democracy, whose will,
expressed by popular vote or clamor, governed.
He overlooks the fact that w p have a ruler, which
I .s above him, and above us all and which controls
j ihe popular will for the protection of the minority
in tnejorm of a written Constitution. This con
.dilution was created by the sovereign power, the
peonlc—it can only be legally deposed by the
mettiods which that Constitution points out. If
they infract it, if they tear it in peices, this is
j revolution and the people as a republic, cease to
exist. He does not take into his fanatical head
the fact that the people have duties to perform as
well as rights to vindicate, and that they are co
existent and coextensive, lie holds his position by
demagogueism, and he can only keep it by minis
tering to the lowest passions und prejudices of
man’s nature. He will be made amenable at last
to a corrected public opinion, but before that time
comes, you propose to desert us and the cause of
the Union,for which we have put on our armorand
for which we intend to do buttle as long as it is
upheld by the other States. I do not, 1 cannot
, conscientiously take a hopeful view of reconcile
ment growing out of action in this State. The
government is in the hands of the enemies of
the Union, and 1 see no way of getting at the real
sense ol the people at the preseut moment.—l
have no idea that the Legislature of Massachu
setts will consent to call ,a Convention. Whatev
er measures of this nature are taken, they must
originate with the Republican party.
You percieve therefore how important it is, if
we wish to avoid the horrors of civil war—if we
care to preserve our institutions as they were
framed by our Fathers, if we wish to avoid a de
struction more rapid than our previous advance,
of civilization all over this land, that no precipi
tateaction .should be taken by the Southern States
Let them take counsel together, let them choose
from their ranks their wisest, their bravest, their
heat men for this purpose, and we may escape
from the horrors, miseries, and sufferings which
now seem to be impending over us. All that I
possess in this world depends upon the prosperity
of labor which peace to tfi laud can only give.—
1 see it rapidly disappearing even now in the first
throes of the convulsion, which here is as yet but
slightly felt, but it has not given me a moment’s
unrest. The greater calamities which a disrup
tion of the Union would bring upon our nation,
I the miseries which would fall upon the great in
dustrial classes, those whose daily bread depends
upon their daiiy labor,fill my heart with too strong
a sorrow to allow me to he selfish for one single
monieut. Much as 1 have to live for, 1 would
rather die this very hour, than to survive tue
Union.
Editor Chron'ifCtt if* Sentinel /-A slip from n-
Boston paper has~T>een , sent to me, w hich 1 en
close to you for re-publication in your paper, if
vou think proper. It is a striking fact that this
I proposal comes from Boston—from a State in
j which a Personal Liberty Bill exists The nropo-
I -itum is an eminently reasonable one. We are
j perfectly safe in adopting it. We have asked
; nothing beyond the provisions of the Constitu-
J lion. Few States could be found sutficiently
hardy to refuse terms pronounced to be just by
I that august tribunal. Let those who do be served
I in the way suggested by Fabricius.
There is a tribunal established by the Constitul
lion of the United States for the settlement of al-
I questions between States and sections, the iuter-
I preter of the inter-State law, sworn to rigid im
partiality in adjudicating between such coutiicting
i interests as this contest preseuts. It is composed
of men of the highest legal acquirements, of tried
integrity, and whose lolly position places them
| above local mtluences or p&rtizan prejudices.
\N by should they not be arbiters of the questions
J before us? Should any party or any State feel
j its pride sacrificed iu bowing to the decision of
the Supreme Court?
I would propose that the committee of thirty
three should tally discuss the demands and griev
ances of each section —that each side should stake
its case supported by all the arguments that can
be suggested by its able advocates in the com
mittee—that the two cases then be laid before the
Supreme Court, for a complete decision upon the
rights of the two seclious in all the points in
volved, and a recommendation for such amend
ments to the Constitution, ahold any in their
opinion be required, as may secure to all the
states a full aud equal participation in the pro
tection which government is intended to confer.
This decision, aud these amendments, 1 would
have laid before the people of each State, for de
cision upon their acceptance by a yea aud nay
vote, understanding that any State which rejects
them, votes herself out of the Union by that act.
And 1 believe were the issue so fairly presented,
so temperately considered, so carefully judged,
that no! one dissenting State would be found.
Hut if there w ere, if fanaticism and faction has so
demoralized the heart of any state, that it will by
the voice of a majority of its voters place itselt in
declared rebellion against the Constitution, avow
itselt so enamored of its own conceit as to stand
the open enemy of its sister states, 1 would say,
•let her go T would cast her out as an unworthy
associate, exile her as no longer a fiittiug mem
ber of a civilised and Christian brotherhood.
I believe this to be the ouly plan for bringing
before the people the naked truth of our position,
divested of the cant of demagogues, and the tricks
of party management. We have had enough of
recrimination now to let us see where the fault
really lies ; let us see to what state or section the
blame of agitation, aggression and encroachment
really belongs. So much for the constitutional
issues involved in the present contest. I have
sufficient faith in the character, of our
race to believe that such a settlement us I have
proposed, would go far to remove from the agita
tors of the anti-slavery cause, the tacit sympathy
of better and more conservative men, w hich alone
makes them formidable, ido not believe that if
the heart of the nation w ere tried and awakened
by the touchstone I have suggested, that the
ravings of fanatics, the crusade of piratical bau
ditti. would be tolerated in our Northern commu
nities. They have no law, reason or justice on
their side, they appeal only to the passions aud
love of excitement of an impractical and unindu
ential class, and they would scatter like chaff be
fore the breath of an aroused and e&tuest expres
sion of public opinion. With Northern fanaticism.
Southern tire-eating would die a natural death;
nothing else has called it into existence, nothing
else can support it a day.
For the suoduingof angry feeling, for the qule
ling of agitation there is now at work an argu
ment more potent than the best conceived project
of law, the most eloquent appeal to patriotism.—
Thirty days of panic have sufficed to reduce the
property of the country twenty five per cent, to i
throw UK*,OOO mechanics and operatives out of i
employment. Sixty days more will stop two-thirds ■
of our mills and workshops, and there will be an !
era of famine and misery such as the land has i
never seen, unless the remedy be applied prompt- I
It and skilfully. Ours in an intelligent popula
tion, and the lesson should last one generation at
least. The reaction in our late local elections
shows that the people have read aright the caus
es of their distress and anxiety. If it continues,
iet the agitators and extremists. North and South,
look to their safety, for their very live> will uot
he secure against the vengeance of an outraged
community.
When the best right of every native born citi- [
zen and the dearest acquired possession of even
naturalized one is assailed, when the name ot ;
American bids fair to become as much a memory
of past glory as that of Roman, if is no time to
talk of party, no time to deal with abstract theo
ries of doubtful application and agitating tenden
cv. The first question, the all engross ng thought ;
of every man worthy of the name should be, — ;
‘How can cur Uuion be preserved?* I believe j
there is a way; 1 believe that an amicable ad- j
iustment can lie arrived # at, and peace and jdenty
be restored throughout the land. But it mcßt be j
taken in baud quickly, it must be carried through ■
firmly, by the whsdotn and unselfish patriotism of .
our representatives, aided by the cordial support j
of the common sense and love of order of the :
masses. Compromise aud conciliation must be
the watchword of our rulers, while agitatiou and
ill-temper must be sternly frowned cown Ipr the
people. On these conditions alone can we hope
to preserve our existence as a powerful and pros
perous nation, or avert the horrors of auarchv
aud civil war. Fabricics.
Visitors to Florida Paulino Off.— The Fer
nandina Floridian notes a great diminution ot
Northern visitors to that State, aud says the fact
is attributable to the disturbed condition of the i
country, to the scarcity of money, and to the
scrutiny which is exercised over the conduct and ;
movements ol all persona from the Northern i
States.
Letter from Gov. of Ken
tucky.
W e subjoin a portion of the letter of Gov. Ma
goffin, of Kentucky, in reply to the communica
tion from Hon. S. F. Hale, commissioner from the
State of Alabama:
It is true that, as sovereign political communi
ties, the States must determine, each for itself, the
, grave issues now’ presented ; and, it may be, that,
when driven to the dire extremity of severing
j their relations with the Federal Government, for
j mal independent separate State action will be
j proper and necessary. But resting, as do these
[ olitical communities, upon a common social or
ganization, constituting the sole object of attack ,
j and invasion, confronted by a Qommon enemy, j
l encompassed by a common peril, in a word, in- j
i volved in one common cause, it does seem to me j
that the mode and manner of defence and redress |
I should be determined in a full anti free conference
I of all the Southern States, and that their mutual
1 safety requires full co-operation in currying out
I the measures there agreed upon. The source
vhence oppression is now to be apprehended fs
ed organized power, a political Government in
>peratiOD, to w hich resistance, though ultimately
iuccessfnl—and I do not for a moment question
the issue might be costly and destructive. \N e
should look these facts in the face, cor close out
eyes to w'hat we may reasonably expect to en
counter. I have therefore thought that a due re
gard to the opinions of all slaveholding States
would require that those measures which concern
all alike, and must ultimately involve all, should
be agreed upon in common convention, and sus
tained by united action.
I have before expressed the belief and confi
dence, and do not now totally yield the hope, that
if sjich a convention of delegates from the slave
holding States be assembled, and, after calm de
liberation, present to the political party now hold
ing tlie dominance of power in the Northern
States, and soon to assume the reins of national
J*Hirer, the firm alternative of ample guarantees
to all our rights and security for future immunity,
or resistance, our just demands would be,concede
ed, and the Union be perpetuated stronger than
j before. Such an issue so presented to the Con
gress of i he United States, and to the Legislatures
and people of the Northern States—and it is prac
ticable in abundant time before the government
has passed into other hands—would come with a
moral force which, if not’ potent to control the
votes of the representative men, might produce
i a voice from their constituents which would influ
ence them. But if it fail, our can.se would emerge,
j if possible, stronger, fortified by the approbation
of the whole conservative sentiment of the coun
try, and supported by a host of Northern friends
who would prove in the ultimate issue most val
uable allies. After such an effort, every man in
the slaveholding States would feel satisfied that
all had been done which could be done to preserve
the legacy bequeathed us by the patriots of ’7<i
and the statesmen of V.f, and the South would
stand in solid unbroken phalanx, a unit. In the
brief time left, it seems to me impracticable to
effect this object through the agency of commis
sioners sent to the different States. A convention
<>f authorized delegates is the true mode of bring*
ing about co-operation among the Southern States,
and to that movement I would respectfully ask
your attention, and through you solicit he co
operation of Alabama. There is yet another sub
ject upon which the very highest considerations
appeal for a united Southern expression.
On the 4th of March next, the Federal Gov
ernment, unless contingencies now unlocked for
occur, will pass into the control of the Republi
can party. -So far as the policy of the incoming
administration i.> foreshadowed in the antecedents
of the Presidentelect, in the enunciations of its
representative men, and in the avowals of the
press, it will be to ignore the acts of sovereignty
thus proclaimed by Southern States, an cl of co
ercing the continuance of the Union ; its inevita
ble result will be civil war of the most fearful and
revolting character. Now, however the people
of the South may differ as to the mde and mea
sure ol redress, I take it that the fifteen slave
holding States are united in opposition to such a
policy, and would stand in solemn col urn to resist
the application of force by the Federal authority
to coerce the seceding States. But it is of the ut
most importance that before such a policy is at
tempted to be inaugurated, the voice of the South
should be heard in-potential, official and united
protest. Possibly the incoming Administration
would not be so dead to reason as, after such an
expression, to persist in throwing the country into
civil war, and we may thereby avert the calamity.
An attempt “ to enforce the laws” by blockading
two or three Southern States would .be regarded
as quite a different affair from a declaration of
war against thirteen millions of freemen, and if
Mr. Lincoln and his advisers be made to realize
that such would be the issue of the “force policy,”
it will be abandoned. Should we not realize to
our enemies that consequence and avert the dis
astrous result ? But if our enemies be crazed by
victory and power, and madly persist in their
purpose, the South will be better prepared to
resist.
.You ask the co-operation of the Southern States
in order to redress our wrongs ;so do we. You
have no hope of u redress in the Union. We yet
look hopefully to assurances that u powerful re
action is going on at the North. You seek a
remedy in secession from the Union. We wish
the united action of the slave States assembled
in convention within the Union : You would act
separately: we unitedly. If Alabama and the oth
er slave States would meet us in convention, say
at Nashville or elsewhere, as early as the sth day
of February, I do not doubt that we would agree
iu forty-eight hours upon such reasonable guaran
tees, by way of amendment to the Constitution of
the United States, aa would command at least ths
approbation of our numerous friends in the free
States, and by giving them time ,to make the
question with the people there, such a reaction in
public opinion might, yet take place as to secure
us our rights and save the government. If the
effort failed, the South would be united to a man,
the North divided, the horrors of civil war would
be averted if anything can avert the calumity ;
and if that be not possible, we would be in a bet
ter position to meet the dreadful collision. By
such action, too, if it failed to preserve the gov
ernment, the basis of another Confederacy would
have been agreed upon, and the new government
would in this mode be launched into operation
much more speedily and easily than by the action
you propose.
In addition to the foregoing, I have the honor
to refer you to my letter of the 10th ult., to the
editor of the Yeoman, and tp my letter to the
(Governors of the slave States, dated the l*th of
December, herewith transmitted to you, which,
together with what I have said in this communi
cation, embodies, with .ill due deference to the
opinions of others, in my judgement, the princi
ples, policy, and position which the slave States
ought to maintain.
The Legislature of Kentucky will assemble on
the 17th of .January, when the sentiment of the
State will doubtless find official expression.*
.Meantime, if the action of Alabama shall be ar
rested until the conference she has sought can be
concluded by communication with that depart
ment of the government, I shall be pleased to
transmit to the Legislature your views. 1 regret
i o have seen in the recent message of two or three
of our Southern sister States a recommendation
of the passage of laws prohibiting the purchase,
by the citizens of those States, ot the slaves of the
border slaveholding States.
Such a course is not only liable to the objection
so often urged by us against the Abolitionists of
the North, of an endeavor to prohibit the slave
trade between the States, but is likewise wanting
in that fraternal feeling which should be common
to States which are identified in their institutions
and interests. It affords me pleasure, however,
to add, as an act of justice to your State, that I
have seen no indication of such a purpose on the
part of Alabama. It would certainly be consider
ed an act of injustice for the border slaveholding
States to prohibit, by their legislation, the pur
chase of the products of the cotton gPowing States,
even though it be founded upon the mistaken pol
icy of protection to their own interests.
I cannot close this correspondence without
again expressing to vou my gmtilication in re
ceiving you as the honored Commissioner from
vour proud and chivalrous State, aud at your
courteous, able, dignified* and manly bearing in
discharging the solemn and important duties which
have been assigned to you.
I have the honor to be, with sentiments of high
consideration,
Vour friend and obedient servant,
B. Magoffin.
Judge Story gives a graphic picture of what
ihe States wore before the adoption of the present
Union, and what they are, likely to be again if it
should be dissolved. Hear what he says :
“The most opposite commercial regulations ex
isted in the different States, and in many cases,-
and especially between the neighboring States,
there was a perpetual course of retaliatory legis
lation, from their jealousies aud rivalries in com
merce, agriculture, or in manufactures. Foreign
nations did not fail to avail themselves of all the
advantages accruing to themselves from this sui
cidal policy, tending to the common ruin : aud,
as the evils grew more pressing, the resentments
of the .States against each other, and the con
sciousness that their local interests were placed in
opposition to each other, were daily increasing
the mass of disaffection, until it became obvious
that the daugers of immediate warfare between
some of the States were imminent.
“But the evil did not rest here. Our foreign
commerce was not only crippled but almost en
tirely destroyed. Foreigu nations imposed upon
our navigation and trade just such restrictions as
they deemed best to their own interest and pol
io v. All of them had a common interest to res
trict our trade and to* enlarge their own. They
did not fail to avail themselves to the utmost of
their advantages. They pursued a system of the
most rigorous exclusion of our shipping from all
the benefits of their commerce, ana endeavored
to secure, with a bold an unhesitating confidence,
a monopoly of ours. The effect of this system of
operations*, combined with our political weakness,
was soon visible. Our navigation was ruined;
our mechanics were in a staie of inextricable
f poverty; our agriculture was withered, and the
ittle money still found in the country was gra
dually finding its way abroad ta supply our im
mediate wants; and a state of alarming embar
rassment in that most difficult and delicate of all
relations—the relation of private debtors and cre
ditors—threatened daily an overthrow even of the
ordinary administration of justice. Severe as
were the calamities cf war, the pressure of them
: was far less mischievous than this slow but pro
• gressive destruction of ail our resources, all our
i industry, and all our credit.’*
i The Cost of Secession.— The Vicksburg Miss. > j
1 Whig says; “At the lowest possible estimate it j
; will cost twenty-five millions of dollars to mam- |
i tain the State of Mississippi out of the Union. All !
! of this will have to be raised by direct luxation on ’
’ her people. Are they ready for any such enter- j
gency ? Let the people remember that the revo- |
; lutionists are determined to perpetrate this great j
j outrage on them/*
The New Orleans Picayune says ; “On another j
| point, the commencement of future difficulties is ,
, apparent. South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and j
. Mississippi are free trade Stales. Already the i
j manifestation of a future free trade policy in anv j
j new Confederation which may be established is i
openly made. But Louisiana is scarcely prepared !
io ab&vion at once all duties on foreign sagar. j
: Her sugar planters are now* protected by what is j
equivalent to f • bonus on every worth of ;
sugar raised, irli ibis protection to her indus- j
j try the sugar planters are growing exorbitantly !
rich. Material interests will doubtless weigh but j
little in restraining her resistance, but it is differ- j
; ent when a new' - government is to be formed. !
; And one year the revenue from the sugar duties i
j was greater thaq.the value of our sugar crop.”
President A. B. Lonzstreet, of the Sooth Caro
lina College, has issned a four-page pamphlet en- i
titled “Shall Carolina begin the war?” He earn
estly desires that the Collector on board the Har- -
riet Laue be allowed to land, be treated politely, j
berintroduced to Mr. Colcock, that every means
be used so that the Collectors of the two sover- j
oign powers can settle their respective claims in a
spirit of courtesy and kindness. He says if the
posts should be reinforced, it would be an unfair
, coufl ct. Hundreds of onr sons would be slain,
Fort Moultrie would become deserted, and the
wrath of the United States be brought upon our j
jde voted city. He imploringly closes by saying, j
“Let the first shot come from our enemies.” *
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 16. 1861.
Corr- pondence of the Baltimore American.
Letter from Washiustou.
Washington*, January 6, 1861.—The dull and
; lowering storm clouds which have obscured the
i political firmament, and communicated their de
; pressing effect on the commercial and financial
1 interests of the country, are commencing to rise,
! despite t:.e efforts ot the fanatics of the extreme
! sections of the Union. They continue to vie with
j each other in their lack ot patriotism and of na
! tionality—but the integrity and common sense of
! the mass- -* of the people ot the centre of the
I Confederacy is evincing itself in tones that cannot
j be by the ambitious political leaders
! who have for a time hood-winked them into sanc
tioning their schemes for dismemberment aud
J rum. They are on the alert now that danger is
i apparent, and resuming to tbemsolves the power,
will cast aside the imperial mischief-makers of the
hour, and restore order and confidence to all por
tions of the Union.
TUB BORDER STATE COMPROMISE.
The Border State movement, set on foot by
Senator Crittenden, promises to lay the founda
tion for thp final restoration of peace and confi
dence. It has held but two meetings, and a sub
committee met once. All the discussions were in
a frank, cordial and earnest spirit, and every
member evinced a desire to arrive at a satisfacto
ry result. Mr. Crittenden was in the Chair, and
Mr. Harris, of Maryland, acted as Secretary.
Fourteen States were represented, and all the
members present, except Mr. Vandever, of Ohio, j
including Indiana, Illinois,Pennsylvania aud New
Jersey. The propositions adopted may be briefly
stated as follows:
1. Recoin inending the repeal of all the Personal
Liberty bill.-*.
2. Au efficient amendment of the Fugitive Slave
law, so as lo prevent kidnapping and rescues;
equalizing tIU Commissioners’ fees, Ac.
3. That tl/e Constitution he so amended as to
prohibit any Congressional interference with
slavery in any of the States.
4. That Congress shall not abolish slavery in
the dock-yards or in the District of Columbia
without the consent of the inhabitants, nor with
out compensation.
5. That Ccngress shall not interfere with the
inter-State slave trade.
6. That there shall be a perpetual prohibition of
the African slave trade.
7. That the line of 36deg. 30min. shall be run
through all the existing territory ot the United
States, and ic all North of that line slavery shall
be prohibited; south of that line neither Cou
gress nor Territorial Legislature shall hereafter
pass any law abolishing, prohibiting, or in any
manner interfering with African slavery ; and
when any Territory containing sufficient popula
tion for one number of Congress iu any area of
60,000 square miles, shall apply for admission as
a State, it shal be admitted with or without slave
ry, as its const tution may determine.
The Committee was unanimous on the first prop
osition relative to the repeal of the Personal Lib
erty bills. They were also unanqnous on the
amendment to tbe Fugitive Slave law, which gives
it absolute efficiency, while it is also relieved of
features that made it somewhat odious to the free
States. Tbe proposition giving a construction to
the Constitution by way of amendment, as to non
interference with slavery in the District of Colum
bia, unless with the assent of Maryland, and the
inhabitants of the District, and compensation to
owners objecting, was adopted with but two dis
senting votes, one of which will go for it. The
non-interference with the inter-State slave trade
was adopted by a unanimous vote. The amend
ment to the Constitution forbidding any interfer
ence with slavery in the States was also unani
mously adopted. The proposition to prohibit per
petujjly the African slave trade was also unani
mously agreed to. The right of carrying slaves
in|transition or temporary sojourn was accorded.
The Territorial question, after much debate of
a friendly character, was met satisfactorily by the
agreement okthe Committee to a proposition, the
result of suggestions and amendments based upon
the’proposition of Mr. Crittenden and Mr. Harris,
of Maryland, and Mr. Hale, of Pennsylvania.
The Committee finally adopted an amendment
to the Constitution running the line of 36 deg. 30
min., through the Territories of the United States,
prohibiting slavery North, aud providing ihat
South of the line neither Congress nor any Terri
torial Legislature-shall prohibit, abolish, or pass
‘auy law in any way interfering with slavery.—
This amendment gives them leave to come into
the Union with or without slavery, as they may
provide i-n their State Constitution, when they
haVe a population sufficient for one representa
tive in an area of 60,000 square miles. This, you
perceive, is an immense advance towards a settle
ment upon a basis satisfactory to t|ie South on
this vexed question. It will, of course, be a sharp
fight to get it the support of all the Republicans,
but it will command tar greater Southern support
than the far weaker proposition of the New
Mexico admission, which is liable to very serious
objections.
Your readers will thus perceive that the border
States have acted with promptness, earnestness,
great unanimity and the best feeling. The vene
rable Crittenden is again full of hope and \lmost
confident of a satisfactory solution of all our
troubles. The hearts of millions of his country
men beat in warm response to. his noble efforts to
save the Union from destruction, and what the
people decree must bo accomplished.
THE REPUBLICAN CAUCUS.
The Republicans have been in close and secret
caucus for two days past, and there is an evident
anxiety pervading their ranks that shows they are
by no means as united as they would Rave the
friends of the Union believe. It is generally
known that they have been anxiously waiting the
result of the Border State Conference, and were
yesterday in secret session on the propositions
adopted by that Committee. The pressure brought
on Mr. Seward by the leading merchants of New
York is and they demand of the
whole delegation trom that State a prompt accep
tance of such terms of conciliation and compro
mise as will for ever settle the slavery question
to the satisfaction at least of all the border slave
States.
The effort on the part of the Republicans lias,
from the commencement of the session, been to
obtain from the Border States some definite pro
gramme of grievances on which they will be wil
ling to bury the hatchet. They know* that the
adoption of the programme presented will be fatal
to the Disunionists per s>\ and even should they
not unite on it, there is no doubt that a majority
of both Houses will assent to it. The Cotton
States members will vote against any compromise
with two or three exceptions, so that its adoption
will require a large Republican vote, which Mr.
Crittenden now has strong hopes of obtaining.
The arrivals here from I’eunsylvania, Ohio, und
most of the Northwest* represent the people of all
parties as determined to save the Union ai all haz
ards—to give up the pride of opinion for the per
manence of nationality— to yield all Constitutional
guarantees for the future, so that sectional hate
mav be no more heard throughout the land, and
that we may be oue people again in all the social
and business relations c life.
White Sulphur Springs, Merriwether Cos., Ga., )
January 4,1861. f
Editor Chronicle <f* Sentinel: —ln this section
we regret to see the manifestation on the part of
the conservative journals of our State within the
last two or three weeks, :o yield to the demands
of the precipitators.’ Wo think that throughout
this section of Georgia conservatism prevails five
to one. Our doctrine is united action among the
slave States—a conventic iof them. The precipi
tators have streugth only in the towns and cities.
Their strength is not .so great in tne country,
really, as is apparent. The fewest number of
delegates have been elected to the Convention
who declared themselves in favor \)f immediate, se
cession by separate State action ; some of them ,
in pursuance of their programme at the outset , who
have been elected upon the platform of undefined
resistance ; others under the cry of ‘'act from the
lights before them, after getting there,” will not
represent their constituents, lienee, let the ac
tion of the Convention be submitted to the people
for ratification. It is our only safety. An effort,
it is thought, will be made to precipitate, if not to
overawe the Convention. Our people are giving
too much importance to the doings of Congress.
No man at all observant of the past can have the
least hope from that quarter. Fanaticism and
bigotry from the North oi the one side, and jac
tion arising from defeat, .nd no hope of future
spoils, on the other hand, from the South, there
reign supreme.. A few there are in Congress who
value their country. Ltt them make a stand
point , and the true men ol the country will rally
to it. The great question row with us is or ought
not to be the salvation of be Union, but the pre
servation of peace and god order amongst our
selves. It can only be one by united action
among those for good ore *r, and whose interest
is identical, whether of th- South or North. At
least, let us have a united South. Civil war is at
our doors. What mean? Congress? Cannot
party be forgotten for the sake, at least, of the
helpless of the land ? Let conservatism rise aud
hurl deraaghgues out of Congress. Let us have
peace either in or out of the Union.
Observer.
P. S. Do not consider these suggestions vain.
They appear so, but points, that the ac
tion'of the Convention be sihmiUed to the people,
and that an effort may he m d-e to overawe. O.
Is the South in Eabvbst ?—The Louisville
Journal, the earnestness anc the power of whose
devotion to the Union aie unquestioned, pro
nounces the assertions of Mr. Seward at the New
England Society dinner—th A t in the present civil
commotion at the South the Southern people are
merely “ humbugging thetselves” and trying to
humbug their Northern brrhren ; and that the
feeling out of which the disunion movement
arises was as strong the nigat of Mr. Lincoln’s
election as it has been at anv time since and is
growing weaker every dav— to be “ supremelv
loolish.^’
We. can assure Mr. Sewarc and his Republican
friends, and we do assure th m, adds the Journal,
that the people of no solitary State of the South
have ever dreamed for one Ustant of submitting
to the execution of the pofi y foreshadowed by
the Ch’cago Platform. On tajs point the South is
and has been a unit ; it has terer been anything
else. We have, to be sure, ciffered amongst our
selves as to the time aud ruoce of resistance ; but
we have never differed with inspect to the simple
point to await the first actual attempt of the Fede
ral Government to execute tie anti-slavery policy
of the Republican party, belirvinir that the at
tempt would never actually tj made, and that if
it should be it might then be insisted with greater
fitness and harmony than baGrehand. and that in
i any event resistance ought tt be made within the
j Union and not out of i*; whilst others have as
| sumed that the Republican p.rty would infallibly
carry out its policy to the left r’the moment the
| party should acquire the pow- r to do so, in which
j event it might prove too latei- resist successfully,
I and that resistance at all evet s should be made
: out of the Union and not in it but none of us
i have contemplated submissicn. We have with
j perfect agreement contemplated resistance at
, whatever hazard. Bell men, houglas men, Breck
! inridge men, all alike, have agreed herein. On
this point, we repeat, the Soul; has been, and is,
! a unit.
Letter From the Hon. Ro-ert McClelland.
—The Hon. Robert McClelland, ex-Secretary of
the Interior, is out with a letter on the present
crisis. He reviews the causes hat have led to the
present state of affairs, reciting the grievances ot
both the North aud the South, and recommends,
as a solution of the difficulty, he withdrawal of
the slavery question both ftjm Congress and ;
local Governments until the people of a Territory !
shall form a State Constitution, and also a modi
fication of the Fugitive Slave ii*r. He thinks dis
| union will be as destructive ot the interests of the
Norths of the South, am enu.*ats the Northern
! people to so act as to strengthen the conservative
men of the South who are nialing constant ap
| peals to our magnanimity and patriotism.
Compliment to Gen. Lane. — A gold-headed cane j
j has been jairchased by the st uieuts of Shelby
Medical College, for presentatitn to Gen. Joseph
Lane, of Oregon, as an indication of their cordial
approval of his late rnanlv defiuce in the U. S.
j Senate of State-Rights. Cpon the head of the j
, cane is the following inscriptioi: “To Gen. Jo
seph Lane, the vindicator of Sta e-Rights. From j
i the Students of Shelby Medictl College, Nash-
I viUe, Tenn.”
Charleston Items.
Military Movements Y~esterday.—The Mercury
j of Wednesdav, t*th, says : Detachments from the*
German Artillery, Lafayette Artillery and Marion
Artillery, were relieved from, duty at Fort Moul- |
trie. On thejr arrival at the wharf they were met
I by a detachment from the Artillery Regiment un- !
I der the command of Ex-Captain G. Follin. The j
j detachment of the Washington Light Infantry j
were also relieved from Fort Moultrie, aud !
transferred to Castle Finckney. The Carolina
i Light Infantry returned to the city yesterday af
ternoon on furlough. The Sumter Guards para
ded yesterday for the first time since their re-or
gauization, Capt. John Russell in command. The
uniform consists of plain grey. They paraded in
large force, and marched from the Military Hall j
to the Cannonsboro Arsenal, where they are now ;
on duty.
The Courier of the same date says :
Two additional companies of volunteers, who j
have entered the service of the State for six i
months, arrived in the city yesterday, and,.with- i
out arms or eouipmeuts, were marched on board j
the steamer Excel for secret service. The first j
company, under command of Captain Spires, and
Lieutenants GeOrge Robinson, F. C. Barber and
Henry Key, numbering over one hundred strong,
healthy looking men, from Hamburg. The second
company, styled the “Cherokee Pond Volunteers,”
numbered eighty-two men, nearly all of them
young farmers, eager for service. They were
| commanded by Captain Merry weather, aud Lieu
tenants A. P. Butler aud D. L. Shaw.
Affairs at tuf Forts. —Up to 1 o’clock last
night, when our reporter left the vicinity of Fort
Sumter and Morris’ Island, all was quiet in the har
bor. The guard boats were actively plying up
and down the entrance, overhauling every un
known craft. The rumor that the Star of the
West would make her appearance in our waters,
kept the sentinels on the qui vive y aud the cry of
‘•Ail’s well!” could be heard echoing over the
waters from Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumter. At
the latter post it is evident that the greatest vigi
lance is kept, und not even the smallest boat can
approach the walls without the gruff hailing of
the sentinels on the ramparts. In a former article
upon the defences of Fort Sumter i we noticed'the
tact that the second tier of casemates had been
walled up. We observed yesterday that the ma
sonry closing two of the casemates, pointing to
wards Fort Moultrie, has been removed, the guns
for those casemates being completely mounted.—
No steamer has made her appearance up to the
hour of our going to press. —Charleston Mercury
of Wednesday, Jan. 0.
Accident. —lt is our painful duty to record a
fatal accident, on Monday evening, at the Garri
son at Castle Pinckney. The following statement
of the occurrence has been transmitted to us from
an authentic source : One of the sentinels, about
10 o’clock, when in the act of challenging some
one who was approaching him on his post, ac
cidentally discharged his piece. The cartridge
took effect upon the person of Mr. It. L. Holmes,
a member of the Carolina Light Infantry, enter
ing the left side, below the shoulder, and penetra
ting the lung. The wound resulted in his death
after the lapse of about a half hour.
Charleston Courier , Jan. §th.
Lincoln’* Inauguration*
The National Intelligencer in allusion to the re
commendation of the Richmond Enquirer , that
the ])istrict of Columbia should be occupied by a
military force {rmu Virginia aud Maryland* in
order to prevent the peaceful inauguration of Lin
clok, says:
* It is not necessary to seize upon this District in
the view of either obstructing or effecting the in
auguriftion of Mr. Lincoln, since he can be as
well inaugurated at his private residence in Spring
field, Illinois, as at the Capitol in this city.
It seems to be supposed by some that a # certain
ceremonial, which has of late years attended the
inauguration of the President and Vice President,
is essential to their legal investiture with office.
Nothing could be more erroneous. So far from
its being necessary that the Chief Justice of the
United States should administer to these high
functionaries their oath of office, any justice of
the peace or other person authorized to adminis
ter oaths would be equally competent to act in
this capacity, which, for purposes of greater im
pressiveness, and in deference to a sentiment of
propriety, is awarded to the chief incumbent of
the judicial bench. And so far is it from being
necessary that Messrs. Lincoln and Hamlin should
take the oath of office- in Washington, that we
have the authority of precedent for saying that it
is not even necessary they should be in the Uni
ted States to assume the legitimate responsibili
ties to-w'hich they have been chosen according to
the forms of the Constitution.
Asa case iu point, we may bring*to the remem
brance of our readers the fact that it was in the
Island of Cuba (to which he had gone in search
of health) that Vice President King, on the 4th
of March, 1853, took the oath of office, which
oath, moreover, was administered at Matunzas by
a deputy of the United States Consul at the port
of Havana, on the same day that the oath of office
was administered to President Pierce by Chief
Justice Taney in this city
These facts will suffice to show how utterly idle
and impertinent to the legal issues involved are
any combinations which purport to have for their
object th z.frustration or the enforcement of Mr.
Lincoln’s inauguration in the District of Colum
bia. We venture to predict that the former will
not be attempted, and that the latter will not be
necessary, while all rumors looking to either al
ternative are equally prejudicial to the public
tranquility.
From the Republican.
A Hair* at Fort Pulaski*
Fort Pulaski, Jan. B. —There is little or noth
ing doing out of the usual course of events trans
piring m this garrison; acd my letters are conse
quently brief, and, may be, uninteresting.; but so
many of our citizens are here, it is necessary to
say something, if no more than that all are well.
The work of the fort goes ou rapilly ; the guns
arc being overhauled, and will soon be in a condi
tion to do effectual service.
The Chatham Artillery have had an offer from
a lady of Savannah, whose husband is a member
of tbe corps, to come down an t act as nurse if her
services are needed. Her letter was read in the
quarters last night, and was received with three
hearty cheers, and a letter of acceptance moved
to be written. her to that effect. Another lady
sent us a splendid fruit cake, iced over, and the
word “secession” wrought in with sugar; still
another, whose name is unknown, sent us a pack
age ot lint. There maybe similar instances of
kindness, towards the other corps, but as I have
no opportunity of finding itrout, I do not mention
them.
It is impossible to imagine a gayer and more
animated seen than the fort is during the day ;
the men rapidly passing to and Iro doing the va
rious duties assigned them ; the labor is severe,
and one would suppose that by night nature would
claim her rest, but up to tatoo, which is beaten at
! o’clock at night, every quarter resounds with
gay sounds and shouts that come from many
hearts. The “Marscllaise,” “ Dixie’s Land,’*
“Mickey are you drunk,” “Rap Slap,” and other
songs with like euphonious names, ring out upou
the night. But after tatoo all is still and silent, as
death.
A schooner arrived last night, having on boaad
a very large quantity of powder, and it is being
put in the magazine to-day.
On Thursday there will be a relief sent down,
and such soldiers as are compelled to go home
will return. There are ‘2O from the Chatham Ar
tillery who will return, and their places will be
filled from town.
If anything of importance occurs, I will try and
advise you. Yours truly, Barraxe.
P. S.—l learn by letters from town to-day, that
some consternation has been produced by the
construction of Commandant Bartow’s order in
regard to any one found asleep on his post. The
order simply stated that the exigencies of the
times required that strict military discipline
should be observed, and the penalty of being
caught asleep was death by the aiticle of'war, but
none of us anticipate the execution of such an or
der ; in fact the* men are so alert at every duty,
that it will never be deserved. B.
From the Mobile Tributjp, sth.
AlabaitiH Moving;.
As most persons know, the Mount Vernon Arse
nal, with a large quantity of munitions of war, and
Fort Morgan, with a large quantity of ordnance,
lias been taken possession of by the sovereign
State of Alabama, through the volunteer compa
nies of Mobile. Os these stirriug events, our co
tempoary, the Evening News, gives the following
account, which is accurate, as far as we can
learn:
“Acting (it says i under the Governor’s orders,
at 11 o’clock on Thursday night, the following
companies detailed for that service embarked on
a steamer for Fort Morgan ; the ‘Cadets’, Capt.
Sands ; tae ‘Fusilliers,’ Lieut. Emrick command
ing ; the ‘lndependent Rifles,’ Capt. Stikes, and
the ‘Artillery,’ Capt. Ketchum. Steaming down
the bay fhey arrived at the Fort about 3 o’clock
and quietly occupied it, its only garrison being an
ordnance sergeant aud his family, and a laborer
or so. The Fort is now held by the greater por
tion of the force which took possession, about two
hundred men being under arms. The works are
being put in more defensible condition.
“The detachment detailed for the seizure of the
Mt. Vernon U. S. Arsenal, located 45 miles up the
river, consisted of the “Mobile Rifles,” Captain
Woodruff; the “Washington Light Infantry,”
Capt. Grade, and the “Gardes Lafayette,” Capt.
Belloc. They embarked about the same time as
the detachment for Fort Morgan. They arrived
at the Arsenal about day-break, and being provi
ded with ladders for the purpose, escaled the walls
of the premises at three different points simulta
neously, and formed around the Armory in the
centre. The garrison, consisting of about thir
. teen soldiers and as many government employees,
of course made no resistance, being captured be
fore thev knew of the presence of an enemy.—
Had they not been taken by surprise, however,
they might have given some troubla and shed
some blood, as the Arsenal is defensible against
musketry, and their number was more than a
third ot that of their assailants. The Arsenal
contains 20,000 stand of arms, 1,500 barrels
1-408) of powder, 300,000 rounds of cartridge, and
other munitions. It is now held by thirty men of
the Washington Light Infantry, who are having
a pleasant pic-nic duty, we suspect.”
We may add that our last accounts from the
Fort show that the garrison was working “with a
• will,” and that it had already mounted several
guns and tested them. It is considered that with
in a few davs the fortress can be put into such
order as to defy half the United States Navy.
There are some skilful and bold men in the bu
siness, who know what they are doing and are not
likelv to be scared by any force that the late Uni
ted States can briDg to bear against them.
We are, therefore, certain of our own position.
We desire now to bear newsfromthe other States,
especially from Florida, whose naval works are as
important in warfare to us of Mobile as the Fort
at Mobile Point.
Public Hollydats. —ln the debate which occur
ed on‘Wonday in the House of Representatives,
upon the Bill to establish by law such days as
should be regarded public holidays, for commer
cial purposes. Mr. Boylston, Chairman of the Ju
diciary Committee, was not reported correctly.
We knew’ that the purpose of his amendment was
to continue the 4th of July as a public holiday ;
and the Legislature decided in with
this view. South Carolina was one of the Colonies
w hich declared their Independence on the 4th of
July, 1776. Sbe did as much, and suffered as
much to make good that declaration, as any one
of the Colonies, and at th*e end of the struggle she
was acknowledged in terms by Great Britain, to
j be an Independent Sovereignty.
She now dates her Sovereignty and Independ
ence from 1776; and does not acknowledge that
her association with the late United States, from
which, on accoupt of intolerable oppression, she
has thought.herarlf bound to secede, deprives her ;
j of any of the imperishable glory which hangs, aDd
will hang for ever around the hallowed 4tb of Ju
ly 1776. Charleston Courier.
A Washington dispatch, dated the 2th, says:—
The dud which was on the tapis betw'een Messrs,
j Stanton and Savage, did not come off, as the offi
; oers interfered and arrested the parties when they
had reached the place ofmeetingon the Kentucky j
line near Mitchvilie, in this State. We nnder- !
| stand that Officers from both Tennessee and Ken* J
tucky were in attendance to arrest the parties.—
j The gentlemen returned to this city last evening, i
[From the Charleston Mercury , Jan. ICtfA.J
Attempted. Reinforcement of Fort Sam
-1 ter.—Xle Star of tlie West is Fired Kuto
aud Driven Back*
j The first gun of the new struggle for independ
ence (if struggle there is to be) has been fired, and
j Federal power has received its first repulse.
| About seven o’clock yesterday morning our
citizens were startled by the tiring of heavy guns
| in the direction of Sullivan aud Morris Islands.
It was at once surmised th&t the steamship Star
of the West, which had been reported by the spe
cial telegraphic correspondents of the Mercury as
having left New Yhrk with reinforcements and
stores for Major Anderson, had attempted to pass
the battery on Morris Island. Our reporters were
immediately despatched to the entrance of the
harbor, and after visiting all the fortifications now*
occupied by our troops, the following facts were
•licited:
I Particulars of the Affair.—Yesterday morn
; iug, shortly after “reveille,” the sentries ou Mor
j ris’ Island reported a steamship standing in for
j the ship channel. The long roll was immediately
| beat, aud all the troops were promptly under
arms, Lieuteuant-Colonel J. L. Branch, of the
Regiment of Rifles commanding. These compris
ed the Vigilant Rifles, Capt. Tupper (90 men); the
German Riflemen, Cant. Small (90 men); the Zou
ave Cadets, Lieut. Chichester (45 men); and a
detachment of 40 from the Citaael Cadet Corps.
The last named body were at once marched to the
battery, commanding the ship channel, which at
this point, passes within from one half to three
quarters of a mile of the beach. At 7 o’clock,
when the Star of the West had reached a point
within range of the guns, Major Stevens fired a
shot across her bows, as a signal for her to heave
to. After waiting three or Tour minutes no di
minution in the speed or change in the course of
the steamer could be noticed. A moment after,
the United States flag was run up at her foremast.
The Star of the West continuing thus defiantly to
pursue her course towards Fort Sumter, the or
der was given to the men at the Morris Island
guns to open lire. Five rounds were accordingly
discharged in quick succession. Two of these are
reported to have taken effect; oue forward and
the other abaft the wheel. At the sixth discharge ;
the Star of the West rounded to and steered out
ward towards the bar. At the same time, the en
sign which she displayed immediately after the
warning gun, was lowered. Three more shots
were, fired from Fort Morris ana three from Fort
Moultrie; one of these latter, t thought, took
eflect.
A gentleman ou the Islanc. reports that after
the Star of the Wcsthsid clearedt ne oar and proceed
ed a considerable distance beyond, a steam pro
peller, of about 350 tons burthen, joined her, ap
parently as a tender, aud they steamed off toge
ther’in an E. N. E. direction.*
Thus terminated the first attempt of the Feder
al Government to reinforce the great stronghold
of coercion in our harbor. The approach of the
Star of the West to Fort Sumter, taken in connec
tion with the facts that her clearance was for New
Orleans , and that her troops were smuggled aboard
outside the harbor of New York , proves clearly
enough that his officials will not hesitate to pro
mote.its success.
Tms Kbgoti ati ONS.— * About ten o’clock, a boat
bearing white flag came from Fort Sunfter to
wards the city. On its arrival at the wharf it was
f?>und to contain Lieut. Hall, of the garrison ‘*of
Fort Sumter, with despatches for the Governor
of the State. The presence of this officer in the
city, owing to the events of the morning, gave
rise to considerable excitement, and speculation’
was rife as to the object of his visit. During his
interview with the Governor the public curiosity
rose to the highest pitch, but it was two o’clock
before the purport of his communication was
made public. \Y r hen the people learned that Maj.
Anderson had sent to inquire whether the firing
at Morris’ Island was sanctioned by the Go
vernor, that the Governor had replied in
the affirmative, and that Major Anderson had
thereupon signified hi* intention of cutting off all
communication by water between the city and
our forts, tbe expressions of indignation were
deep and universal. The most active measures
were immediately set on foot to strengthen the
forces at tbe various poiuts about the harbor, and
people were everywhere discussing how the
threatened affront and injury should be resented.
On his return Lieut. Hall was escorted to his boat
by Gen. Suber aud Lieut. Gibbes.
Thus matters stood until half-past 6 o’clock,
when the white flag was again seen coming from
Fort Sumter. This time the communication of
Major Anderson, brought by Lieut. Talbot, was ot
a less menacing character It briefly stated that
he designed deferring for the preseut the course
indicated in his note of the morning, until the ar
rival from Washington of the instructions he
might receive from his Government, and asked
safe conduct for his bearer of dispatches. The
highly interesting correspondence between Major
Anderson and Governor Pickens will be found iu
full in another part, of to-day’s paper, among the
proceedings of the House of Representatives.”
[ From the Courier. Jan. 10 th.]
After a night of expectancy and anxiety, yes
terday morning was ushered upon us pregnant
with events that may in all probability result in
either a total cessation of all our troubles, or lead
to the disastrous effects of a long, bloody aud de
termined contest. That the spirit of our troops,
of our leaders, and indeed of our population, is
thoroughly aroused, all have seen. The prompt
ness aud celerity of action on the part of the pa
triotic military with whom we are surrounded,
gives it feeling of universal confidence and securi
ty, that will result most beneficially in any event.
If wc are to haVe war, we are assured of the pres
ervation of honor at least by the valiant hearts
and strong arms .that fight our battlfes; and if vic
tory crowns our efforts, we know it will be prop
erly and justly used. The spirit of our troops
gives every evidence of this. The zeal and alac
rity they have shown, manifest it. The hardship
they have endured, exhibit the interest they have
in the State, and the loyalty with which thoy
stand up for the cause of South Carolina.
None, therefore, were surprised when the deep
toned cannons of the batteries and forts, occupied
by the troops of the Commonwealth, spoke in
tones of thunder on Wednesday morning. The
telegraph had warned us of tne approach of a ves
sel'bearing reinforcements and supplies to the
United States Garrison in Fort Sumter. The for
tifications that had been thrown up oil the points
commanding the stronghold, had been warned of
the intention of the Government at Washington,
and for twelve or fourteen hours, every one had
prepared himself for the event that was sure to
come with the attempt to land feinforcements at
Sumter.
The aid expected for the garrison at this place •
did arrive. Early in the morning, between the
hours of six and seven o’clock, the city was in
tensely execited at the expected reports of heavy
ordnance iu the'harbor. “Th a Star of the Wes# 9
was the exclamation of all. “One,” “two,”
“three,” “four” guns—the conicst is begun. In
a few minutes people from all parts of the city
came from their bouses and were seen rushing
out to the water’s edge. The streets were soon
thronged with eager men, hurrying towards the
Battery and the wharves to ascertain all that
could be learned of the noise made by the guns
in the offing. The cannon, as long as they were
discharged, went off in regular, deliberate suc
cession, clearly evincing that in serving them the
utmost military precision had been attained, and
reflected great credit upon those managing them.
With the naked eye nothing of what was going
on in the harbor could be discovered, and conse
quently the most intense excitement prevailed to
find out what had caused the cessation of re
ports after seventeen or eighteen guns had been
discharged.
I It was not until half an hour or so, that the pop
ulace, by this time fully aroused to the
ance of the movement, evidently made by our
troops, was put in possession of the facts of the
affair. In the meantime crowds of people had
gathered in the most convenient localities, for
procuring information. The Bulletin boards of
the newspaper offices, the wharves and street
corners, were filled with people, and every scrap
of intelligence was greedily devoured.
A Reliable Narration of Facts.—From the
most reliable authority, eye-witnesses of the af
fair, we arejenabled to lay before our readers the
following account ot it:
About six and a half o’clock, or therebouts,.the
steamer Gen. Clinch, Capt. lielyea, having
covered the approach of the “Star of the West,”
signalled the fact to the occupants of'the battery
lately throwip on the bean at’ Morris’ Island.
This vessel, it is known, left her wharf sometime
during the tv uing before, with a guard of eighty
men from the ranks of the Palmetto Guards and
the Irish Volunteers. The duty assigned them
was to keep strict surveillance over the harbor,
and to to make such signals as had been agreed
upon in the event of the approach of reinforce
ments to the lortress in possession of the Uni
ted States troops, as well as to report the ap
proach of any vessel that may appear in the Of
tiqg. In the early grey of the morning, the
guard boat first descried the steamer heading in
from the sea—and'with as much celerity as possi
ble, performed the remaining part of the task as
signed her.
As soon as signalled, the entire camp on Morris’
Island was astir. There was no need for the re
veille beat to quarters. The men were already
at their posts before the orders were given. For
some minute* they remained in anxious suspense,
ready for what every one believed sure to come,
and that—a volley from the heavy guns of Sum
ter.
As soon as the Star of the West rounded the
point, she took to what is termed “Ship Channel,”
inside the bar, and proceeded straight forward,
until nearly opposite the work on Morris’ Island,
not more than three-quarters of a mile from the
battery, and within excellent range of the guns.
At this position of affairs the command w'as given
to fire, and a ball was sent wßizzing athwart the
bows of the steamer. This significant hint to
proceed no further was noticed in no other man
ner by the vessel than by displaying a large flag
of the Federal Union. As soon as the Stars and
Stripes were run up to the masthead, the act of
defiance was met with a succession of heavy shots
from the fortification. The vessel continued on
her way, with increased speed, but one or two
shots taking effect, she concluded to advance np
furthei*, and this conclusion was hastened by the
shots from Moultrie, which, though harmless and
out of range of the steamer, still gave evidence
that hotter work was on hand if further attempt
was made to proceed.
The Star of the West was clearly made out as
the name of the vessel, so that there wrfg no mis
take on this point. She was possessed of no ar
ma t ent. As soon as five or six shots had been
fired upon her from Morris’ Island, and as many
more from Moultrie, it was evident that she would
lower her colors to half-mast. She veered about
so as to avoid any further fhessengers of this
j kind from the fortifiertions, which, with one or
two more discharges; finally ceased.
The damage done the steamer was very tri
[ fling, only two of about seventeen shots—all that
: was fired—took effect upon her. One struck the
vessel about the forward part of the bow, the
other amidships, in the vicinity of the wheel
house. No idea of the extent of damage done
could be ascertained, indeed it could not have
, been known whether she had been struck at all
had it not been for the heavy, dull scund, and
subsequent crash, always accompanying the ball
that “ makes its mark” in a naval engagement.
At all events she could not have been Badly in
jured or disabled, for even while the firing con-
I tiuued she rounded to and started off seaward.
| As soon as this intention was shown all firing was
| instantly suspended.
j FoßT:Sr#rEtt.—While the engagement lasted, no
| demonstration whatever was made by the com
| inand in possession of the frowning fortress—
Sumter—except the opening of the port-holes
| and running out of the guns which bear upon
I Morris’ Island and Moultrie. Major Anderson, j
I however, prudently forbore to fire, and no doubt j
| experienced great relief when he saw the vessel
j steaming out of the harbor.
S The Feeling Castle Pinckney.—At Castle
j Pinckney, under command of Col. Pettigrew, the j
ardor of the men knew no bounds. The greatest i
j eagerness was shown by all to have a shot at the i
j stranger, with the intention of bringing out the j
! fire of Fort Sumter. The guns of the Castle were
I all manned simply upon the spontaneous move- j
ment of the men themselv'es. Each sprang to hie j
j post, without command of the officer in charge, j
! It was with the greatest difficulty that be could 1
1- restrain them from firing; and it was not until a j
peremptory order to that effect was given that
they held themselves aloof from the batteries, j
The eagerness at Forts Moultrie and Johnson was
equally great—though the garrison at the former
were gratified with a few harmless shots. Better
luck to them next time. •
Who Fires jhe First Shot.—Since the event
of the crisis, much curiosity has been excited to
learn the man who fired the first shot. After dil
igent inquiry, we believe it is settled that the hon
or belongs to the Washington Light Infantry.—
Though this corps is not stationed m the entrench
ments on Morris’ Island, trom which the first gun
was fired, still, a single representative of the corps
we are informed, was at one of the guns, and to
him befell the duty. We believe the name of the
gentleman is Lieut. J. Branch.
The City.—After all the fates of the affair in
harbor had become generally knowu through
out the city, the excitemeut iu no wise abated.—
Several companies of troops never before m ac
tual service were called out and sent to different
localities, where their presence might be needed,
and every precaution was taken by the energetic
administration to secure all points that might be
useful.
In the streets, military uniforms were numerous.
Old aud young assumed tbe ‘cloth of war/ and
took their places in the ranks. War, actual war,
seemed Inevitable ; but with the thousand and
one rumors that flew about, nothing could be set
down as certain.
The Flag of Tluce. —Towards 11 o’clock, a
boat from Fort Sumter, bearing an officer in full
uniform, with a white flag, was seen to approach
the city. The officer was met at the wharf by one
or two gentlemen, and was suffered in quietuess
to laud. He gave his name as Lieut. Hall, U. S.
A., bearer of dispatches from Major Anderson,
commanding Fort Sumter, to the Governor of
South Carolina, aud enquired the way to the
Governor’s quarters. Under the guidance of aev
crul gentlemen the Lieutenant was taken to the
City Hall, followed by an immense though orderly
and unexcited throng—attracted by curiosity to
learn the object of his mission.
The object of the mission, not beiug known,
created great excitement among the people—so
much so that many of them lingered in tbe vicini
ty of the Gubernatorial quarters until after two
o’clock, at which time Mr. Hall ended his inter
view. Hevvastheu escorted to a carriage, and
driven, in company with two Aids of the Govern
or, to the wharf, where he re-embarked for the
fort.
Cori*e*poiilence between Major Ander
son, and Gov. Fiction* of S, C.
The following correspondence passed, on Wed
nesday, between Major. Anderson, and Gov. Pick
ens, relative to the firing into the Star of the West
on the morning of that day.
To Ills Excellency the Cov. of South Caroli
na:
Sir: —Two of your batteries fired this morning
upon an unarmed vessel, bearing the flag of my
Government. As I have not been notified that
war had been declared by South Carolina against
the Government of the United States, I cannot
but think that this hostile act was committed
without your sanction or authoriiy. Under that
hope, and that alone, did I retrain from opening
fire upon their batteries. I have the honor, there
fore, to respectfully ask whether the above men
tioned act—one 1 believe, without a parallel in the
history of our country or any other civilized Gov
ernment—was committed in obedience to your in
structions ; and to notify you, if it be not dis
claimed, that I must regard it as an act of war,
and that 1 shall not, after a reasonable time for
tlic return of my messenger, permit any vessel to
pass within range of the guns of my fort.
In order to save, as far as iu my power, the
shedding of blood, I beg that you will give due
notification of this, my decision, to all concerned.
Hoping, however, that your answer may be such
as will justify a further continuance of forbearance
•on my part,
I have the honor to be,
Very respectfully,
\ r cur obedient servant,
[Signed] ROBERT ANDERRON,
Major of the Ist Artillery United States Army
Commanding.
Fort Sumpter, January 9,1861. •
GOVERNORS REPLY. ‘
State of South Carolina, 1
Executive Office Headquarters, >■
Charleston, 9th January, 1861. )
Sir: —Your letter has been received. In it you
make certain statements which very plainly show
that you have not been fully informed by your
Government of the precise relations which now
exist between it and the State of South Carolina.
Official information has been communicated*to
the Government of the United States that the po
litical connection heretofore existing between the
State of South Carolina and the States which were
known as the United States had ceased ; and that
the State of South Carolina had resumed all the
powers it had delegated to the United States un
der the compact known as the Constitution of the
United States. The right which the State of
So*tfc Carolina possessed to change the political
relations which she had held with the other
States, has been solemnly asserted by the poople
of this State i a Convention, and now does not ad
mit of discussion.
In anticipation of the Ordinance of Secession, of
which the President of the Uuited States had offi
cial notification, it was understood by him that
sending any reinforcements of troops of the Uni
ted States into the harbor of Charleston, would be
regarded by the constituted authorities of the
State of South Caroliua as an act of hostility, and
at the same time it was understood by him that
any change in the occupation of the forts in the
harbor of Charleston, would, in like manner, be
regarded as an act of hostility. Either or both of
these events occurring during the period in which
the State of South Carolina constituted a part of
the United States, was then distinctly notified to
the President of the United States as an act or
acts of hostility, becAuse either or both would
be regarded, and could only be intended, to dis
pute the right of the State of South Carolina to
that political independence which she has always
asserted and will always retain.
Whatever would have been, during the|continu
ance of this State while a member of the United
States, an act of hostility, became much more so
when the State of South Carolina had dissolved all
connection with the Government of the United
States. After the secession of thej“>tate of South
Carolina, Fort Sumter continued in the possission
of the troops of the United States. llow that fort
is at this time in the possession of the troops of
the United, State it is not now necessary to discuss.
It will suffice to say that the occupancy ofthatfort
has been regarded by the State of South Carolina
as the first act of positive hostility committed by
the troops ot the United States within the limits
of this State, and was in this light regarded as so
unequivocal that it occasioned the termination of
the negotation then pending at Washington be
tween the Commissioners of the State of South
Carolina and the President of the United States.
The attempt to reinforce the troops now in Fort
Sumter, or to re-take and resume possession of
the forts within the waters of this State, which
you- abandoned after spiking the guns placed
there, and doing otherwise much damage, cannot
be regarded by the authorities of the State as in
dicative of any other purpose than the coercion of
the State by the armed forces of your Govern
ment. To repel such an attempt is too plainly a
duty to allow it to be discussed, and while defend
ing its waters the authorities of the State have
been careful to conduct the affairs of the State so
that no act, however necessary for its defence,
should lead to a useless w*aste of life. Special
agents, therefore, have been off the Par, to warn
all approaching vessels, if armed or unarmed,
and having troops to reinforce the fort on board,
not to enter the harbor of Charleston, and special
orders have been given to the commanders of all
the forts and batteries not to fire at such vessels
until a shot, was fired across their bow, w*ould
warn them of the prohibition of the State. Under
these circumstances, the Star of the West, it is
understood, this morning attempted to enter this
harbor With troops on Board, and having been
notified that she could not enter, was fired into.
The act is perfectly justified J>y me. In regard
to your threat in regard to vessels in,the harDor,
it is only necessary to say that you must judge
of your responsibility.’ Your position in this har
bor has been tolerated by the authorities of the
State, and while the act of which you complain is
in perfect consistency with the rights ana duties
of the State, it is not perceived how fur the con
duct which yon pronose to adopt, can find aparal
lell in the history of any country, or be reconciled*
with any other purpose*of your Government than
that of imposing upon this State the condition of
a conquered province.
Signed, F. W. Pickens.
The following is the second communication of
Major Anderson :
Headquarters, Fort Sumter, [
January 9,1861. f
To His Excellency F. IF. Pickens ,
Governor of the State of South Carolina :
Sir—l have the honor to acknowledge the re
ceipt of vour communication of to-day, and to say
that unaer the circumstances I have deemed it
proper to refer the whole matter to my Govern
ment, and that I intend deferring the course indi
cated in my note of this morning, until the arrival
from Washington of the instructions I may re
ceive. I have the honor also to express the hope
that no obstructions will be placed in the way of,
and that you will do me the favor of giving every
facility to the departure and return of the bearer,
Lieut. T. Talbot, U. S. Army, who has been di
rected to make the journey.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully,
Robert Anderson,
Major U. S. A., Commanding.
The following resolution R were unanimously
adopted by the Legislature of South Carolina on
Wednesday, upon the reading of the correspon
dence between Majar Anderson and Gov. Pick
ens.
1 Resolved , That this General Assembly looks
upon any attempt to reinforce the troops now in
possession at Fort Sumter, as an act of open and
undisguised hostility on the part of the Govern
ment of the United States.
2. Resolvedfurther , That this General Assembly
learns with pride and pleasure of the successful
resistance this day by the troops of this State,
acting under the orders of the Governor, to an at
tempt to reinforce Fort Sumter.
3. Resolved further , That this General Assembly
entirely approves and endorses the comm&nication
of the Governor this dav made to Maj. Anderson.
4. Resolved further y ’That this General Assembly
pledges itself to an earnest, vigorous and unhesi
tating support of the Governor in every mearure
adopted by him in defence of the honor and safety
of the State.
The Indian Atrocities in Texas.—The Hous
ton Telegraph, of the 18th Dec., has the following
further news from the frontier :
Kincbi Valley is entirely deserted, the inhabi
tants having removed farther into the interior for
protection. Around Weatherford, someone hun
dred, and fifty families of Palo Pinto and other
counties are encamped. Their condition is truly
deplorable, having nothing but small canvas tents
to shield them from the elements. West of Belk
nap not five voters can be found, so great have
been and are the dangers, passed and threatened.
A company of Rangers fell in with a large party
of Indians on the 11th inst., and after a short fight,
took fifteen of them prisoners, and brought them
to Jacksboro*. While there another party of
white men arrived, who, by their actions, so
frightened the prisoners that they managed to
break from their guards. The fleeing Indians
were fired upon by the whites, and one Killed and
another wounded, and one aged man, seemingly
the chief, retaken prisoner. TJie old man was ta
ken to Weatherford, where, in hopes of making
; friends with the tribe, said to be the Kickapoo,
the citizens presented him with blankets, beads
and other trifles coveted by the Indians. He was
; accompanied back to his tribe by Capt. Hammer
and three citizens of Weatherford, who will en
deavor, by treaty, to lessen the number of their
i Indian foes.- _ .
Effects of the Souther"? War.—By private
• letters received per Kangaroo, weJearn that or
i ders were received by the agents in England of
j one of our largest manufactories in the United
| States, to send back all the revolvers that could j
| be spared, by the first mail steamer, to either N.
I York or Boston; the demand was so great the
j supply was not equal. From 3,000 to 8,000 ot
Colt’s revolvers were to be sent at once.— JßoUon .
Trav.
VOL. LXXV. —NEW SERIES VOL. XXV. NO. 3.
[ Fram the Montgomery Advertiser.]
Alabama State Convention.
FIRST DAT.
Monday, Jan. 7, 1861.—The delegates to the
State Convention assembled in the Hall of the
House of Representatives at the hour of 12 M.,
to-day.
On motiou of Mr. Watts, Col. Phillips, of Dal
las, was called to the Chair, as temporary Chair
man.
Mr. Yancey offered a resolution, which was
adopted, providing for opening the Sessions ot the
Convention with prayer. Rev. Dr. Basil .Manly
then offered up a brief but fervent aud patriotic
prayer. \
At the request of the Chair, the delegates came
forward and registered their names.
On motiou of Mr. Cochran, the Convention went
into election of President.
Mr. Beck put in nomination the name of Mr.
Brooks, of.Perry.
Mr. Davis, of Madison, put in nomination the
name of Mr. Jemison, of Tuscaloosa.
Wm. M. Brooks, immediate secessionist, was
elected on the first ballot; the vote stood, Brooks
53, Jemison 15 ; Messrs. Brooks and Jemison not
voting.
On motiou of Mr. Watts, tho Convention went
into the election of Secretary,
Fowler, immediate secessionist, was elected
on the first ballot: the vote stood, Fowler, 57 ;
Price, 23 ; Horn, 20.
Mr. President announced the presence of Hon.
A. P. Calhoun, as a Commissioner from the State
of South Carolina.
Mr. Yancey offered a resolution proposing the
appointment"of a Committee of three to wait upou
Mr. Calhotiu, anikinvite him tn address this Con
vention, and to a seat within the bar of the Con
vention. Adopted, aud Messrs. Yancey, Webb
and Davis of Madison, were appointed.
Mr. Dowdell offered a resolution, inviting all
Commissioners to aud from the State of Ala
bama to other slaveholding States to seats with
in the bar of the Convention, which was adopted.
Mr. Cochran offered a resolution requesting
tho Governor to communicate any information
he may have in relation to the state of the coun
try. Adopted.
Mr. Whatley offered a preamble and resolution
for the purpose of getting a vote of tho Conven
tion upon the question ot submission to Lincoln
and Hamlin. This elicited considerable discus
sion. They were finally put in the following
shape, and adopted by a vote of yeas 98 ; nays
none ; two absentees—Bulger and Kimball :
Whereas, the on y bond of Union between the
several States is the Constitution of the United
States —
And whereas, that the Constitution has been
violated, by a majority of the Northern States,
in their separate legislative action, denying to
the people of the Southern States their constitu
tional rights :
And whereas, a sectional party known as the
Pluck Republican party, has in the recent elec
tion, elected Abraham Lincoln to the office of
President, and Hannibal Hamlin to the oftice of
Vice-President of the United States, upon the
avowed principle, that the Constitution of the
United States does not recognize property in
slaves, and that the power of the Government
should be so exercised that slavery should,iu time
be exterminated.
Therefore be it Resolved , Py the people of Ala
bama, in Convention assembled, that the State
of Alabama cannot, and will not submit to the ad
ministration of Lincoln and Hamlin, as President
and Vice* President of the United States,upon the
principles referred to ip tho foregoing preamble.
second day.
Tuesday* Jan. 8. —The Convention met at 10 a.
m., pursuant to adjournment.
Mr. Yancey, from the Committeen to wait upon
the Hon. A. P. Calhoun,Commissioner from South
Carolina, reported that the duty had beem dis
charged, ana that Mr. Calhoun was present and
ready to meet the Convention.
Mr. Yancey then introduced Mr. C. who took
the lloor and explained the object of his mission
in a few brief but. eloqueut remarks, and presen
ted several documents, which on motion of Mr.
Yancey, were receivod and laid on the table as
information.
Mr. Watts presented two dispatches which he
said were hauded to him by the Governor, and
that, it is important that they should be read,
Dispatch from Richmond, (Va.,) signed by A.
F. Hopkins and F. M. Gilmer, Jr. :
“January 7.—The Legislature has passed, by a
vote of 112 to 5, a resolution to resist any attempt
to.coerce a seceding State. (Jo out promply.”
Dispatch from Washington, signed by Ciopton
and Moore :
“January 7.— The Republicans in the House to
day, refused to consider the compromise of the
Border States. They complimented Maj. Ander
son, and resolved to sustain the President.”
A message was received from the Governor
covering a communication and several documents.
On motion, the documents were laid on the table
for the present.
In his communication, the Governor stated that
he had responded to the resolution of yesterday
to communicate whatevqy he might have, touch
ing the state of the country, as well as informa
tion in relation to his own official acts.
Mr. Yancey ollered a resolution that the Presi
dent appoint a Committee of 13 to consider and
report what is necessary to protect the rights of
the State. Adopted. ,
The President .then read the following dis
patches :
“Jackson, Miss., J-an. 7.-—The Convention has
passed a resolution to raise a Committee of 15 to
draft an Ordinance of Secession. Harry’ elected
President. The State will go out on to-morrow
or next day.
(Signed) E. W. Pettits, Commissioner.”
“Tallahassee, Fla., Jan. 7.—The Convention,
by a vote of 62 to 5, has adopted a resolution in
favor ol secession. A Committee has been ap
pointed to draft an Ordinance.
(Signed) E. C. BuljSock, Commissioner.”
Mr. Jamison offered a resolution that the deli
berations of this Convention shall be held with
closed doors and in secret, except otherwise or
dered.
Mr. Baker moved to amend so as to have open
sessions the Rule, and secret sessions the excep
tion, and this to be determined at all times by a
motion, and a vote taken. Lost.
Mr. Jcmison’s resolution was adopted—yeas 82,
uavs 14.
Mr. Jemison presented a communication in re
lation to the contesting of the septs of the sitting
delegates from {Shelby county. .
The lobby and galleries were then cleared and
the Convention went into secret session.
• third day.
Wednesday, Jan. 9.—The Convention met at
11 A. M., pursuant te adjournment, and continued
in secret session till 12 M., when the doors were
thrown open.
Mr. fjuiger offered preamble and resolutions to
the.purport that, as the anti-slavery igitation
persisted in for years, and the late election of a
President and Vice-President by the anti-slavery
party had rendered our slave property insecure,
aud that this Convention had been assembled to
cousider and determine what the interests and
honor of Alabama demanded.
Resolved, That separate State action would be
unwise and impolitic on the part of this Conven
tion.
Resolved, That Alabama should invite all the
Southern States to a Convention, to be held at as
early a day as practicable, which shall consider
and agree upon a statement of our grievances and
the manner of obtaining redress, whether in the
Union or by independence out of it.
Mr. Bulger sked their reference the commit
tee ol thirteen raised yesterday, which was done.
Mr. Baker, of Russell, offered a resolution re
questing the Governor to furnish the Convention
information as to the number of arms, the charac
ter or description, <fcc., purchased under the act
of the last session of the Legislature, the price
paid for each description, what amount of the fund
expended and the expenses attending the same,
how many of those arms on hand and how many
distributed, and what other arms, Ac., are under
his control.
Mr. Jemison moved to amend by requesting the
Governor, also to communicate the services of
how many companies or soldiers have been of
fered and accepted by him, and for what purposes.
Accepted.
Mr. Coleraun moved still further to amend so
• that the information should be given only in se
cret session. Accepted.
Mr. Yancey moved also to amend by asking in
formation with regard to the amount of ordnance
and ammunition, Ac., owned by the State, and
what property belonging to the United States
within the State of Alabama, and what property
was found at Mt. Vernon and Fort Morgan. Ac
cepted.
Mr. Jemison’s resolution thus amended was
adopted.
Mr. Baker offered a resolution that the State
Treasurer be requested to furnish information
with regard to the amount of money and other
available assets in the Treasury not otherwise ap
propriated. Adopted.
Mr. Coleman offered the following resolution :
Resolved by the People of Alabama y That all the
powers of this State are hereby pledged to resist
the attempt on the part of the General Govern
ment to coerce any of the seceding States.
Mr. Davis, of Madison, moved its reference to
the Committee of thirteen raised yesterday.
Discussion ensued, and the reasons given by
those who advocated a reference was in order to
secure unanimity, upon the adoption of the reso
lution.
Mr. Watts moved to refer it to the Committee of
five raised in secret session yesterday.
Without decision the Convention adjourned till
morrow morning at 11 o’clock.
Athens, Jan. 3,1861.
Editor Chron. tfc Sent. :—lt has been universal
ly conceded for the last ten days, that Clarke co.
has gone for the secessionists. Precise majority not
ascertained, but very large. Although we have
among us self-constituted and self-styled George
Washingtons andPairick Henrys—whose servile
followers have worked them up, into the belief
that they are omnipotent, yet I opine they had
but little agency in producing this result. The
defiant attitude of the Republicans in Congress,
the extinction of all hope of a satifactory adjust
ment, and the secession of South Carolina had
dispirited, and indeed exasperated, many of our
most strongly conservative citizens. But the
proximate cause oi the large majority was the
rumor purporting to be based upon a Telegraphic
dispatch, to at the United States troops were ac
tually bombarding Charleston. This report', the
author of which knew well, could not be other
wise than unfounded, absurd and ridiculous, was
industrously circulated and produced an astound
ing effect upon the already greatly excited mul
titude. Mark it, this startling news was received
just about the time the polls opened. lam not
sufficiently proficent in ethcal casuistry to deter
mine the precise difference between the suppreQ
sio veri and the suagestio falsi. After this it was
entirely a one-sided affair—boys, non-resident
and drunkards were lead up, and voted without a
single challenge. All this, too, with the sanction
of professed teachers of morality. How humiliat
ing and painful to the pious heart, to see men
who sometimes presume to don the priestly garb,
exchanging it for the filthy soiled and polluted
habiliments of the unscrupulous and reckless
demagogue. One thing ought to be noted—the
delegates elect profess to favor co-operation befoie
secession ; otherwise they would never have
touched bottom. This is the doctrine of three
fourths of our people.
I dare not hope, even for the election of the
noble aDd incorruptible Jenkins. Should, however,
Richmond have immortalized herself by such an
event, it will be more than a set off Jto a score of
brazen-visaged and petty spouters. However,
Nous Verrons.
Commodore Kearney will not Secede.—Com
modore Kearney, second on the Naval list, who
i sent in his resignation a few days since, bus re
j voked it. In a private letter he says :
j “ Since the course pursued byCharlcstonians, I
i have changed my views in regard to matters in
I that quarter and elsewhere, and I have asked to
be allowed to withdraw my letter of resignation in ,
the Navy.” j
Correspondence Savannah Republican.
Florida State Convention.
SECOND DAY.
Tallahassee, Saturday, Jan. 5,1861.— The Con
vention met at noon in the Representative Hall,
Col. Pelote in the Chair.
The first business was the election of permanent
officers of the Convention.
A ballot for President resulted as follows:
Total vote 57 ; Judge John C. McGehee received
47; Col. John C. Pelote 7 ; John P. Saudersou 2,
and Col. Merton 1. Judge McGehee was declared
elected, and a Committee appointed to inform him
of his election and conduct him to the Chair.
The Convention then proceeded to the election
of three Secretaries. Wm. S. Harris, of Leon,
was elected Ist Secretary ; J. R. Banks, 2d, and
W. Rogers, 3d.
The rules of the House of Representatives of
the State of Florida, so far us applicable, were
adopted as the rules of the Convention.
On motiou Committees were appointed on cre
dentials, judiciary, commerce and navigation,
federal aud foreign relations, sea-coast police, en
rollments, and other subjects.
A communication was received from Gov. Perry
announcing that Col. E. Bulloch, a commissioner
from Alabama, and L. W. Spratt, Esq., commis
sioner from South Carolina, had reached this city,
fully accredited to the Government of the State
of Florida.
On motion of Col. G. T. Ward, of Leon, a com
mittee of three was appointed to wait on the com
missioners from Alabama and South Carolina,
aud to learn their pleasure, and to receive any
communication from them.
On motion a seat in the Convention was tender
ed to the Hon. Edmund Ruffin, of Virginia.
A resolution was offered by G. W. Parkhill, of
Leon, that when the Convention passes an ordi
nance of secession, that it be submitted to the
people for ratification. The resolution was ta
bled by a unanimous vote, or at least, no delegate
voted hay. Mr. Parkhill said he offered the reso
lution in compliance with instructions from his
constituents, but he was in favor of immediate se
cession. He made an effective and excellent
speech on the secession line of policy.
Judge McQueen Mclntosh offered the following
preamble and resolutions :
W herkas. All hope of the preservation of the
Federal Union upon terms consistent with the
safety and honor of the slaveholding States, bus
been finally dissipated by the recent indications
of the strength of the anti-slavery sentiment of tho
free States; therefore, be it
Resolved, By the People of the State of Florida
in convention assembled, that as it is the undoubt
ed right of the several Statesof the Federal Union,
known as the United States of America, to with
draw from the said Union, at such time and for
such cause or causes as in the opinion of the peo
ple of each State, acting iu their sovereign capa
city, may be just aud proper, in the opinion of
this Convention, the causes are such as to compel
the State of Florida to proceed to exercise that
right.
On motion of Col. Ward, of Leon, the preamble
and resolutions ollered by Judgo Mclntosh, were
ordered to be printed, aud made the special order
of the day on Monday. An animated aud often
eloquent discussion resulted on the motion to
postpone until Monduy, but Col. Ward’s motion
was adopted by ayes 37, noes 29.
The Convention then adjourned until Monday
morning, 10 o’clock.
Tnißl) DAY.
Tallahassee, Monday, Jan. 7.—The Conven
tion met this morning at 10 o’clock. Prayer was
offered by the Rev. Dr. Dußose, of Tallahassee.
The committee to whom was referred the busi
ness of communicating with the Commissioners
from Alabama aud South Carolina, reported that
they had performed that duty, and that the Com
missioners were now ready to communicate with
the Convention.
The Commissioners were then conducted iuto
the Convention, and the President addressed them
as follows :
Gentlemen, Commissioners from South Caro
lina and Alabama : As the organ of the sovereign
ty of Florida, in Convention, assembled, it gives
me great pleasure to extend to as the repre
sentative of your States, a cordial welcome.
In the great stiuggle in which we are all en
gaged, for deliverance and safety, it is grateful
to give and receive mutual encouragement and
support.
Florida acknowledges, with satisfaction the
friendly compliment paid her by y’our respective
States, in accrediting to her their’ Commission
ers. May not she and they indulge tho pleasiiu?
hope that that mutual regard amF sympathy and
support, now tendered ami received, may be an
earnest of a reunion of destinies that shiill secure
liberty, peace aud huppiness, to their people for
all time to come.
To South Carolina, who has, in the mainten
ence oi the rights of her people, re-assumed the
powers granted in the Constitution, which made
her a member of the Union, aud taken position
among the separate and independent nations of
the eurth, Florida says, all huil—well done ! To
Alabama, who this day assembles her sovereignty
—with the high behest to take care that her com
monwealth receives no detriment, Florida bids
Gods speed ; and to youj gentlemen, personally,
this Convention tenders considerations of high re
spect and regard,
Mr. Bulloch, (Commissioner from Alabama) re
sponded for his State, in one of the most able,
logical, and satisfactory speeches we have ever
listened to, and closed in the eloquent and patri
otic language of Adams, “live or die, survive or
perish, sink or swim,” he declared in favor of a
Southern Confederacy, “Independence now, and
independence forever.
Mr. L. W. Spratt, (Commissioner from South
Carolina) followed. lie presented documents from
the Convention of his State, and followed them
with an urgent and patriotic appeal for a union
of the South in the establishment of a Southern
Confederacy.
The Hon. Mr. Iluftin, of Va., was called and ad
dressed the Convention.
The Convention then took a recess for an hour;
when they again met they went into secret ses
sion.
After remaining in secret session for about
two hours, the doors were opened to the public.
The preamble and resolution oflered by Judgo
Mclntosh, on Saturday, and made the speciul or
der for to-day, were taken up. Some new amend
ments were oflered, one of which was to express
the intention to secede us soon as the States of
Georgia and Alabamu resume their sepurate sov
ereignty. The amendments were voted down by
a large majority, and the preamble and resolu
tion of Judge Mclntosh, were adopted by—ayes
62, nays 5. The Convention then adjourned until
Tuesday, 10 o’clock A. M.
Bishop Rutledge of the Diocees of Worida, has
handed to the Treasurer of the State of Florida
an obligation to pay SSOO to assist in defraying
the expenses ol'the State, so soon as the Conven
tion passes the ordinance of secession.
It is believed tliut the ordinance of secession
will pass on Tuesday or Wednesday.
It is understood here by many parties that the
Governor has taken possession ot ail forts and
other federal property in the State—that at Pen
sacola the only exception.
An Incident at Fort Sumter.— One of the Bal
timoreans who recently returned from Fort Sum
ter details an impressive incident that took place
there on Major Anderson taking possession. It
is known that the American Hag, brought away
from Fort Moultre, was raised at Sumter precisely
at noon on the 27th ult, but the incidents of that
“flag raising” have not been related: It was a
scene that will be a memorable “Yeminißcence in
the lives of who witnessed it. A short time
before noon Anderson assembled the whole
of his little force, with the workmen employed on
the fort, around the foot of the flag stall'. The
national ensign was attached to the cord, and Ma
jor Anderson holding the end of the lines in his
hands knelt reverently down. The officers, sol
diers and men clustered around, many of them on
their knees, all deeply impressed with the scene.
The chaplain inode an earnest prayer—sucli an ap
peal for support, encouragement and mercy as one
would make who felt that “mans extremity is Gods
opportunity.” As the earnest, solemn words of
the speaker ceased, and the men responded Amen,
with a fervency.that perhaps they had never be
fore experienced, Major Anderson drew the “Star
Spangled Banner” up to the top of the staff', the
band broke out with the national air of “Jluil Col
umbia,” and loud aud exultant cheers, repeated
again and again, were given by the officers, sol
diers aud workmen. If,” said the narrator,
“South Carolina bad at that moment attacked the
fort, there would have been no hesitation upon
th’e part of any man within it about defending
that flag.”— Jialtiinore American .■
Mayor Wood’ll llenna{:<* on ike Secession
of New York.
Mayor Wood’s message to the New York City
Council is published. He asserts that the politi
cal connection between the people of the city and
State has been used by the latter to the injury of
the former. He thus concludes :
How we shall rid ourselves of this odious und
oppressive connection, it is not for me to deter
mine. It is certain that u dissolution cannot be
peaceably accomplished, except by the consent of
the Legislature itself.. Whether this can be ob*
taided or not, is, in my judgment, not doubtful.
Deriving go much advantage from its power over
this city, it is not probable that a partisan majori
ty will consent to a separation—and the resort to
force by violence and revolution must not be
thought of for an instant. We have been distin
guished as an orderly and law-abiding people.
Let us do nothing to forfeit this character, or to
add to the present distracted condition of public
affairs.
And, no doubt can be bad in favor of the jus
tice sud policy of a separation. It may be said
that secession or revolution in any of the United
.States would be a subversion ‘of all Federal au
thority, and, so far as the Central Government is
concerned, the resolving of the community into
its original elements—that, if part of the States
form new combinations California, and her sisters
of the Pacific, will no doubt set up an independ
ent Republic, and husband their own rich mineral
resources. The Western States, equally rich in
cereals and other agricultural products, will prob
ably do the same.
Then it may be said, why should not New \ ork
City, instead of supporting, by her contributions
in revenue, two-thirds the expense of the United
States, become also equally independent? Asa
free city, with but a nominal duty on imports, her
local government could be supported without tax
ation upon her people. Thus we could live tree
from taxes and have cheap goods nearly duty tree
In this she would have the whole and united sup
port of’ the Southern States as well as of all
other States to those whose interests and rights,
under the Constitution, she has always been tnu*
It is well for individuals or communities to look
every danger square in the face, and to meet it
calmly auu bravely. As dreadful us the severing
of the bonds that have hitherto united the States
has been in contemplation, it is now apparently a
stern and inevitable fact. We have now to meet
it with all the consequences, whatever they may
be.* If the Confederacy is broken up, the Gov
ernment is dissolved, and it behooves every dis
tinct community as well us every individual to
take care of themselves.
.When disunion has become a fixed and certain
fact, why may not New York disrupt the bunds
which bind her to a venal and corrupt master -to
a people and a party that have plundered her rev
enues, attempted to ruin her commerce, taken
away the power of self-government, und destroyed
the Confederacy of which she was the proud Em
pire City ? Amid the gloom which the present
and prospective condition must cast over the
country, New York, as a free city, may shed the
only light and hope for a future reconstruction oi
our once blessed Confederacy.
Yet I am not prepared to recommend the vio
lence implied in these views. In stating this ar
gument in favor of freedom, “peaceably it we
can, forcibly if we must,” let me not be misunuci -
stood. The redress can be found only m appea.s
to the magnanimity of the people ol the wnole
State. The events of the past two months have
no doubt effected a change in the popular senti
ment of the State on National politics. I Lis
1 change may bring us the desired relief, and we may
be able to obtain a repeal of the laws to which I
! have referred, and a consequent restoration of
our corporate rights.
Fernando Wood, Mayor.
January 6,1861.
Missouri Legislature, -a resolution was un.rn
imously adopted in the Souate, on Salutday last,
instructing the Committee on Federal Relations
to report a bill calling a State Convention.