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BY N. S. MOUSE.
Cjprade ts- Sentinel
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■ UJ.U. ■- ■!■■.■'■ I".L ■ML'ldlL 11
itunn (ht • harhston Courier
Tim ninourl IWaaeacre.
foe t-Hewing veies were suggested by the
late Missouii massacre One of ihe prisoner!
condemned to die, hy the Yankee General, Me
Nell, wus u bujbunil and the father of n family of
tittle children, en'irely depuudent on him f r the
means of n livelihood. A heroic young man no
bly offered himself u.i a aubatitute for the con
demned , was accepted and died in is at ad.
The writer of these lines hag not learned the name
of the self sacrificing hero; but hopes that it will
be known and his “praises hymn'd by some loftier
l.arp
lie heard the children's plaintive wail,
lie heard the wife, wilh Iranlio cry,
Beseeching mercy for her spouse
Ily brutal wretch condemned to die
liin heart with grief and pity (filed
The streaming tears, the pit e l look,
The ugony of deep distress,
Hm geuercui spirit ne'er o»uld brook
" It naught,'' he said, ‘ but blood will do,
hoi him, ior whom these teats ure shed,
Accept my life no hearts will break,
Should l be numb red with the dead!
I'll g i and nutlet iu his place,
I’ll die lor these, his level one's eat
■ I*L> wife uoi child will gi leva for me
'Cue sacrifice I’ll freely make!”
The uttered victim is received,
The husband and tli» father freed
l’he lliirst for blood is uuappsaued
The captive so • to death decreed I
Ami now is pardon sought for him,
The bravo and soil devoted friend ; .
For him the mercy scat is sought,
And prayers arise uud tears descend ♦
A human heart will surely yield ?
No crlm i domaid.t a v.ct-m sbiiu -
Thu prayers of inuo 'cuos bo’il hour,
Nor guiltless blood Ins conscience utaiu y
But no ! - lo vain are prayers and tears,
i lie tyrant’s hcait is haul as steel,
' Ami naught can change tho fell decree,
lir kindle mercy iu McNeil!
til cun no hand be feu ad In save?--
rtbull not Iho cruel blow be tUycd ? -
Ab I no—the heroic victim dies,
The noble sucnlice is made!
And men swear vengeuu o o’er his clay -
Ills in. ior/ lives iu woman’s love
ft’s si Av icuii, a. a hunted nut.
And angals Walt his soul above !
How long, O, heaven ! shall sleep t by wrath?
How loug, O,*r!ghteon ß Uod, how long? -
U! grunt, that when our !o:-s wo me t
Uur hands be linn, our hearts be strong !
Then wo to those who march beneath
The buuuer of so vile u foe !
l lion “bh od lor blood’’ we’ll fiercely shout,
Aud lay the cruel miscreants lo « !
Loiter f rein Fredericksburg.
Kctiuot of a letter lo u gentleman in tins city,
t ret in an ofUcer who was in the tighlot Fred ricks
burg ou Friday lust :
My. Dear—- : To the briwadoso Barksdale,
th.bb, Keisha v aud Summer, c imposing a part of
Mcl.aws' L),vision, was entrusted the duty of
go rdiuglhitown of Fred, rickrliurg, relieving
i uch o tin r every two days. Th.ydit their duly
well. When not on picked, they were engaged in
fortifying the hills buck of the city, boat niuht
Barksdale’s command was iu town. The Majoi
General e mimatidicg obst rving closely the move
ments of the enemy, supposed that they would
make tl.eir attack the next morning.
All precautions necestniy ti prevent suiprise,
were taken The troops peiug thus cautioned,
notwithstanding tho exceedingly dena« fog, de
tected tho curliest movement ot the enemy. Two
signal guns from Bead’s Buttery aroused the
slumbering troops. The enemy, completely in
shrouded ov the fog, commenced building their
pjujpon bridges, in three places, half a mile dis
tant". The artilleiy we weie not allowed lo nee.
The enemy concentrated iho tire of the r numer
ous batteries upon tbo space around tbeir pon
toons from which musketry could take effect. The
extent of this fire you may imagiue. They tired
m lour minutes one buudrid guns at ole space.
The position ol their guas-aluioßt a complete
semi circle -euubltd iheui, ut short rauge, to en
circle the distauce witch our brave Hoops must
occupy to prevent the successful bui’diug of the
bridge.
Barksdale awaited until they bad bait way
completed the bridge uud the troops bad advanced
upon this Then he directed Col Fixer to opeu
Ure ; thnee they were driven back with gteut loss.
On our left, übove the ciiy, the troops of K. H
Anderson most gallantly repulsed them and pre
veuled tbeir limiting at that p-iut. Tons toiled
they removed their batteries ball a mile below ibe
city, to a point opposite thi mouth of Uowtson
Cii.k and concentrated upon this spot their fire,
on our side was ua almost unbroken level plain ot
two miles, with uolhiuglo protect our msn. But
here they were again foiled by ihe 18;b Mississip
pi, Col. l,uc.‘, liith Georgia, Col. Bryan and the
lSlhSomh Caroliua, at uu er Col. Dessausure
But the*ilreinely exposed suuatiou caused us to
suffer to a greater extent here than elsewhere;
our batUr.es never replied to tho ccutiuuoue
caunouudiug o! the enemy tor the vest of reasons
exhibiting, iu my opinion, the wisdom of G.-ueral
Le.*, who with U.nti al l.ougstreet had early joined
11 u. ttcLaws,
Th, ctnmy ihus baffi Tauted their tire upon
v e doomed city, and with their tboll tt abort
rauge very soon set tiro to it in many plac.*
moot* ot ilac women uo.t children liad been driven
by the extrema nitre nt'u lier to return. Vou
eait imagine their Ruti.r.ug, l have not the heart
to relate the parlioat.r* Tbe old hero Barks
dale cilingui»«ed niaot bousos, hut much duiu
age bus becu done About two o’clock, the ane
uiy teuioVrd to vbo 0.. th end ot the towu many
Untunes <1 loaal SO gtius, eii i eonct utratud the
bre upon our circle' • u and human courage su*-
tatu bv*li The uuduunu-d Mississippi*!]* held
tiieir (pound jiti.d the buiet ug shell, burning
bouccsaud crumbling ruiii-J ot brick*aud mortar,
volley attei Vollty.tbey poured upon their loiutan
adrancug upon two budges I’ue enemy ctoes
ed over the budge* and iu nuutarou* bo-U. 1 leu
dead boated utmoßl lu masses The ahriek* ot
Uie wounded could b dm mguiehed amid tbe
horrid dtu B .rksJu e wiihdiew his noble hand
ot Mis*ism ims it. m it e nr.r * reet, to the
third in Iht*. l c e ho uuUd until thetr
crowdiug uinaoxd c-xUoalu b<* cju>p*Utd by wim*
ben to advaacet. They did ao, ialt) log around
him the l'.b, loth and 1i.0., ha J.v«e the enemy
xerox* tha nvxr.
Sight cam* to his relief, and under tbs darknees,
General Cobb, with hi* brigade ot Georgians,
crossed the plain, and the heroic defender* of the
Virginia Vicksburg sought their damp to prepare
lor the morrow Sever did men tight more gal
lantly, and 1 have learned that when General
isurkedale thet night sought the tent of his im
mediate commander, bt received hi* thank* and
warm oongreiuiattons. To-morrow will Come
th* dcoineu rWk'iuy be in ashes, but those ashes
should bo btiumc ed, and the temains of the
gallant Misaitsippiana who tell in this cocdiet
should rest around the tomb ot •• Mary, th*
mother ot Washington," a* worthy brother* of
lh* reb«l chieftain. Cobb ha* been withdrawn
from the city. In it hi* parent* were married
and lived. ‘But the aacriflee of life would not
justify tbe ends to be obtained. When the enemy
cross, then commence their trials. The wide
plgm which extend* from the river to our hilts
will he strewn with their dead
Town* os Srsctxt ivtcbbst in Noam Carolina.
Goldsboro’, N. C., shire town of Wayne coun
ty, «pd is on the Ncuse River, at the crossing of
Hie Wilmington and Wcldou Railroad, and about
fifty mile* Southeast from Raleigh. The Sense
is navigable for steaniera to Goldsboro' in all good
stage* ot water.
Kingston—or KinsV n, as it has been often call
ud of .ate —is in Leno.r county, X. C , on the left
Northern bank of the Neuse, and about eighty
miles Southeast from Raleigh, and by land thirty
miles from Goldaboro’.
Spaecli of nr. <J. W. Bentlnck,
on ttae American War.
We ttnd iu the English papers the folloviog
remarkable speech <f Mr. G. VV Beutincx, a
member ofthn Br tish Parliament, delivered at
King’s Lynn, on the 3‘J.h of October last.
’ I contend that the question of slavery has noth
ing whatever to do either wrh the feud that is
now going oa between the Nortnern and Soiiili
ern Brutes, nor has it, nor ought to have, anything
io do w.th the I ght >.u which that feud ougat to
be regarded by the people of this country.
There is a vejy distinguished statesman, who
now holds the portfolio of foreign affairs, who ou
u former occas on, in talking o! the feud between
the Northern and Souifurn Htates, described
their pos't.on iu these words—‘ that the North
was fighlirg lor empire and the South for iodc
pendence.” I quite accept the alter assertion,
but ( deny that the North is lighting for empire,
The men of the North are lighting ior what most
men tight, and (or what unfortunately most men
light with the utmoit Zeal —they ure fighting for
dollars. (Hear.) l'hetr pos"i in now is exaotty
the uouverse, in my huuitld opinion, what tbeir
position was in the days of what was sailed the
American lehellioo, when they wue them
selves fighting to evade the tax-.s imposed
by the mother eouatry. Tiiey were described in
those days by one ot ihe r reutest poets in this
country, a man equally remarkable lor hi > talents
us a poet uud for the extreme liberality ol bis
opinions. He went over to America fully Im
pressed, us many others have been, with the per
fection of American institutions. 11) remained
there a t..w months, and he described them in
these four short lines :
“rtio6“'vauot’.ug demagogues who nobly rose
From Kuglund’s debtors to be tlnglsnd s tore.
Who could their monarch in their purse forget,
And break their allegiance batlo cancel debt.”
(Laughter and cheer* ) This wa3 tha opinion of
an ultra liberal poet many years ago ; aad there
fore yen will not wonder that people less liberal
may not th uk very highly oi their position at
present. But what IS the relative position ol the
North und Mouth ? Mbj, the Norinstntrs twe
their very ixistence to a successful rebellion
Bettor ihe results ol that succibsiul rebellion,
they would have bien, like ouv other colony of
this country, subject to the Government of Eng
i.iud, biihject lo trie tuxuiinn of Eugiaod, und vir
tually su'.'ji c sofEoglaud, as 1 uui happy to think
.ve nil ure. 1 don’t envy their separutiuu ; but if
the Ncrtb -the United .States ot America—were
jas'itted; as, douhtl es, they couctive that they
were, in the act of r.brelion wfireh successfully
sepai uted them Irom u o douiinioo of this couu
try, 1 would usk, m the .rauie of cornu pa sense
and of reason, upon what ground can the- Norther u
S'.utea object lo the Soulberueis Io lowing pin
oioely '.fio oxeuipte which they vhc-.iselvcs set
not si vouti ytais ago? Why is it that wher
ever one go- e lu ail pu[la of England, one always
finds, thoroughly as 1 behove that the institution
oi slavery is detested in this country, every man
sympathising strongly with the Boutlicmeis, uod
wishing tin in ill success? ( Iheere.) 1 do nut
beg tbe question, hut all 1 can say is, that so tar
ua my experience goes, throughout the length
and brtuuih of ths Uud, whtrevtr I have trav
elled, 1 never have ytt met the man who baa not
at once suiJ, " My wishes ar: with the .Southern
it...” Why is that? I think ihtr is more than
cue leacou for it. In i)ie first place, the good
sense ol Kogtishrm n has s iown them that the
question ot nluvery must he ouiiroly eliminated
It out 'hi) discussion ; that ts, altogether u thing
apart, nod that it is mere hypociisy and baud lo
introduce it.
‘J'litre is n > relereuee to the question whatev.r
iu cousnier ng the relative position ot tho North
uud the Houtli, or the relative pcsition ol this
country with relereuee t> those two belligerents
Th< u, why is it that we sympathise wub the Soul h,
us I venture lo think, from the way in which yon
have received my rtui ris? You agree «i h me
that we all do. We do so lorthrse reasons first,
they bate (ought, to do them justice, with u de
gree ot gallatiny a most unexampled under cir—
cjmstunccs of I lie utmost ditlieu ty, under eveny
description ol privation; lh<y have lough! like
li-to s lor their homts, tneir wives umi their chil
dren. (Uheers.) That atone is enough to enlia)
the sympathies ol Kugltuhmeu, and 1 trust iu God
the tune will never come when it will not enlist
their sympathies. But there ia still a stronger
feeling. The turn of ev uts has resolved into this
—Englishmen love l bc-rty, und the Bouthcruer is
uol only lighting tor life, but lor that which is
d*urer than Hie—his liberty. (Hear, hear) He
is fighting hr hia home, lu* liberty ; he is tight
icg uguioat oue ( I ih i most giindmg, one of the
most ga'liug, one c* itu most irritating attempts
io establish tyrsuu cm government that ever dis
grace I the hlotoiy o* the wuill. (Übeeis) I
venture lu think that that iu itself is sufficient
ground lor wha'. I believe is the uoiver-a! synipu
thy, with one or t.vo exceptions, which is felt on
ihe present (.ecus oil toward the menu! the South.
This frightful struggle has been going ou for
i,cully two Tcurs, und I would ask whether it is
possibl - in history to find records of such attempts
at the establishment o ua undivided tyranny us is
to bo (otiiid in the history si the last two months
of the Northern .Slates There is no doubt that
the great mens ol Englishman loathe tyranny iu
all suapes, but they loathe more especially thedi
scriptiou ol tyranny which has been practiced ou
the inhabitants of the Southern States during the
lust two ycais by what is ca led a republican gov
ernmert. And ll that alone were not sufficren. to
explain the strong letling in tavor of the Sou h
which exis.s in tbis country, there is a tcnloid
stronger reason for it, and thul is in the downright
barbarism aud brutality -1 use strong words, but
1 c intend that they ure justified by tha circum
static.s, and 1 urn prepared to abide by them—
which has charters!.U thoee who have had the
c induct of affirt in the Northern 8 atis.
1 have airtudy adverted to the proclamation
which was lutely issued as a tardy and lame at
tempt to induce the people of this couutry to be
beve ihut this is uu "abolition” war, becuuse,
after all, their legislat on and ail thsir acts have
reteieuce to us aud our opinion of them They
think ol nothing else. The only idea they have
is what is said ot them in EnglanJ, and they have
not heard much that will please them, 1 should
think, tor eorna tme past (Laughter ) Tout
proclamation rcully was u piece ol elau-trup in the
first pluce, to catch the people of England. Look
ut the rcul OKU'.iuig, and its r. al bearing The ob
ject ot it was to encourage aad ann she blacks, to
i..furisle these unfoituoaie aud mißguided peop e,
io put arms in tbeir bauds, ..nd to generate merely
(or purposes ot uggreesion upon meQ whom they
cannot defeat in tojr tight, one of the most horri
b'c massacres ot old men und children that ever
disgraced the annals ot the world. That is the
proclamation which has rna.re such a sensatou
during tha last Kw weeks, and that is enough in
iittlf to disgust ev.ry honest man with the author
cf such a document.
Bit there is worse than that. 1 ask you, is
Unre any thing upon record that can be compared
to the baibantica pract.ced by a certain Uenerul
But e? (htar) upi n the dcfeDcelots mbab.tauts of
New Orleans? Recollect that the inhabitants ol
that uufortunato town are reduced re the old men,
the women and children. Surely iu the rintteenih
century, and iu a country that claims the .-lightest
right to call itself a civ.l zed nation, the postiioD
of old men, women und children would h ive es
tablished some claim to sympathy and to tole
rance, at least, if not kindness Bat w hatha- bea
the effect upon this barbarian? Why, there is no
act ot biutality which he has not been prepared to
advocate aud to practice against deteuceivss wo
men, und be has lot.owed tout up hy encouragiug,
tn every possible pray, the butchery ol the whites
by the blacks. This nus hem done in old blood
and in opeu defiance ot all humanity and ot all
emulation, and 1 ray that o loug as such acta
are p. rtormei, and ure avowed by the Govern
ment ot the Northern S ales, they cease to have a
claim to be runked among civilized ualtous. t.Uear,
hear ) 1 aui not asserting that there are uot
hundreds and tbousuu sos men in the Norlheru
States who are men of education, of tight aud of
Christian feeitug, ot civilized habi a and ideas.
Far be it Iroui me lo make eo un.oundcd an as
irtiori But there are further lessons to be learned,
the result o! lne»e much vaunted restitutions,
whwi. we had b.ard praised betore, aud whiofi w«
shall again hear praiaad by tho hired apouurs of
■te.-oc.euous, is this—that Uis nauou become so
brutaliMd, that the civilised man disappears ; he
is afrata to put himself forward ; he is ashamed of
liis country; he hag no voice in the conduct of
her affairs, and the whole nation ig turned over to
men such ag Lincoln and Butler, whom 1 do nut
hesitate to deaounce, after their conduct in the
last few months, as men who are a disgrace to
civilizstion. (Hear, hear.)
j have ventured to think that there is but one
rational, one juat, one beueficial conrs* for this
countrv to pursue, and that uat once to reoog
uite publicly and officially the independence of
the Southern States. It appears now to be per
fectly hapelesa that the North should ever con
quer the South. There is no prospect of a ter
mination of this horrible sacrifice of human life
except by the recognition of the Southern Sum*
by this country and by France; and, therefore,
upon tbal ground alone, I venture to urge it*
\V hat has been the effect of this war in America
upon an immense portion of tiio population ot
this country, and what is the amount of distress
which is now endured, and that with an amount of
patience, forbearance, sound judgment and good
(ve'.iog which I say reflects honor upon the peo
ple ot this country generally f What is the
amount of distress which is being endured, and
which can b* attributed solely to the effects of this
w»rf Why, it ts incalculable. We are told day
after d*y that the numbers of those who are suf
fering are inareatiug. There seem 9 to be no
limit to the extent of it. We are told that if cot
ton were once introduced that distress would
cease 1 say, again, with preeadsat in our favor,
with the existence of enormous dull*** in Ike*
AUGUSTA, UA., TUESDAY MORNING. DECEMBER 23, 1862.
—I say without reference to pa ty, without
reference to anything but wbat I believe to be iu
dispensible to the welfare of tbis country, that
wears bound at once to recogoz) lbs inde
p.endenoo of the kioutnem States of America. —
[Cheers.)
Moa* FancHAL Baniaurr.—The recent orders
of GcU. Millroy, who is “restoring the IJuion” in
North western Virginia, aie good illustrations of
the villainous and brutal propens ties of the Fede
ral comma'-deis Mr. Parlous—a citizen of St.
George, Tucker county—was recently oidered to
lepoi l himself to tbe Federal official headquarters
to “attend to business of vital importance” to
hiintelf. On repairiug to the place designated by
lie iusoleat Ohio Abolitionist, the following docu
meat which Millroy had issued to his under offi
cer was handed him :
Sir—lu ecus, queue; of certain robberies which
have been perpetrated upim l/mou cit.zena
Tuckei couuty, \ a., by baudß of guerrillas, jou
are hereby assessed to the amount os fourteen
dollars and twenty live ($14.25) to make g -od
their loss s; and upon your failure to couply
with the above assessment by paying the money
over to mo by the first day ol December, 1862,
the l'ol.owing order will be executed, v.z .
“1! they fail to pay at the end of iho time you
have named, thur hou t-s will ha burned and
thimaeives shot, and their property all seized.
And ha tore that you carry out this threat rigidly.
aDd show them that you are not iniliug or io be
trilled with.
“You will inform the inhabitants for ten or
fifteen miles around your camp, on ail the roads
approaching the town, upon which the enemy
may approach, tha they must dash in and give
you uolice, and that upon failure of any one to do
so, thsir hous s will be burned and the men shot.”
The Richmond Enquirer in noticin'* these sav
age orders remarks thus :
“The enemy have disgraced tbrmselves often
enough heretofore, in the attempt to atiain mili
tary advantages by inhuman aud cowardly expe
dients. It will bo remembered to their Bhauie
how, at Romney, they forced Confederate prison
ers to march bolore. "them to prevent tho tire oi
our forces. U will bu remembered how tho women
and cb ldreu of Mempbi* have been held und pun
ished ns hostages for Uontederuts soldiers out
side We see it gravely proposed in tho march
ou Wiinitngleu to torue Confederate prisoners to
march ut the head of ibe.t: column.
“ it is reserved for Miiroy to eclipse his com
peeis in the exh bitiou ot this detestable cow
urdice aud infamous baib.itity. Instead of rely
iug upon his owe piel'ets and scouts, as he is
bound to do, Le it quiiea citizens, on pniu of death,
to do the woik of his soldiers, lie exacts ot
flisui a duty which tuey Ireve no light to per
torrn, anil he no right to require; aud he declares
death to them, and u heap of ashes to their fami
lies, ua the peuatty ot luituro. Instead of press
ing bn niililury operations against onr soldiers,
alter the rnauuer ts war, uud relyiugou vigor,cour
age and adroi n isa, to compass hia ends, he dis
regards those resources ot the true soldier, aud
ul or the ,iauuer ol a coward, indulges a brutal
revtnge ou unoffending und unarmed citizens—
tu ns families liom their homes, rots, burns and
uiurders. A ueiv rnethid, to be ture, in tbe art
ot wur! A uoble hero a’isaa to win the admiru
t on ol Christendom.”
if General M.lroy executes his caveral threats
iia made in InsoJ’deis, he will prove himself bim
ply a tout and cowardly robber und murderer,
instead of u. soldier. it would be simply absurd
in case he should full into our power to refrain
Irour shooting h ru down, or hanging him on the
tirst tree. ,
Panning Lsathsu —Mr. Win. CiutchtielJ, of
Goochland t.'jurt House, Ya.,bas furnished lo the
Uichuioud Whig, the following details and re
ceipt for tinning leather Mr. 0 eayu if, iu uny
particular, they are not petfoctly intelligible, he
will take pleasure Iu utlording uuy ttddnb Dal in
formation lo any one who desires it;
Pura water vat six feet equare, four :eoi deep.
Liuie water vat —same.
Vut for bark tour feet wide, foui deep, aud eight
tong. Souk hides till iolt i.i pure water-front
live to seven du>s —then ließh on beam.
Beam lor breaking the India s.x feat long—a
log, two feet diame er, split in two-unde 1 neutb
hollowed out f r prop, to raise or depress. In
the process of breaking, nee a knife two feet long
wub shanks tor handies— kuife little rouuding.
As soon us tl -sh is taken off, (oue hand will flesh
-i dozen hidos a day,) the hides arc put iu the
lime vat —weak solution— oao bushel lime—tirst
tl ked. The vat not quite lull of water. Hides
to be taken out every other day to air, aud re
placed smooth—pUtog i or stir vat every time
the hides are drawu. An iron hook, like ice-hooks
to draw the hides
As soon as hair will slip, thiew hides O'tr
beam, Lair side up and rub w,th fleshing kn fe. Ths
hair off', the hides ate put back in Vat of pure wa
ter, au 1 lo remain there a d«y or two—then throw
across the beam agnio, and with same 11 shing
kuife, work out all the lime and remaining flesh.
One baud will flesh oU hides a day.
The process of bating may he emitted iu tau
mug coarse leather.
Tske the hides ns clean ub possiblo to the bark
vut At tiist one bushel of hurk pounded or
ground—this weak solution to ontiaue two days
—and gradually streDgthruo j by udditiou of bark,
suy one bushel daily. Keep it in two weeks;
haudling und strengthening the liquor.
Then dean out vul, taking out all the bark. —
Throw in pounded bark —-put down one hide
cover thut an inch thick with uurk and so ou,
each hide. Let in water and let it rent lin n month.
Aguiu clean out vat, reverse hides aud repeat op
eratien—and let it remain a mouth. Again clean
out vat and repent this eperntuu—and iemain
another monih
(L'hestuul oak haik iLe heat—though Spanish or
black oak good.)
Alter thud mouth, the hide being tanned, isiu
ken out and bung upon piles. This is sole lealh
er without further labor.
That intended lor upper leather, halt dry, is
oiled on the gr .in or ha;r side with a mop. Ke-
Vtrs? Bide, aud grease heavily on fleshy side %
pound tallow and pint train oil to a side mixeo.
This mixture is prepai ed thus: melt the tallow
slowly und take same quantity-of oil nixed and
stirrtd in—alter it becomes cool, is ready for use.
Then hang the hides in shade till dry.
Large planters, of course, can carry on the
tanning bus ness by themselves profitably. But
a good made for sma ! l p'anters to adopt, is for
each neighborhood, consisting of from three to
six, to combine, construct the vats and divide the
labor among themselves. They wi.l make as good
leather, as they cow get, if not better, and they
will get double the quantity they now receive from
tbs tanners.
Ths Cotton Excheksnt in India.—Tbe vtgo
reus efforts put forth by England to obtain cotton
from her owa colonics, have produced an extra
ordinary degree of activity in lad a A Calcutta
letter lo the London Titans says:
•‘At present it is striking to observe the way in
which cotton is pouriug into Calcutta. Ttisjet
t.es on the ilooghly aud the turruckson ths tine
are covered with great bags, unscrewed, and, in
some cases, almost unsewn, no care has been
shown in packing ft, aud little is given by the rail
way officials in the transit. l’he road aud the
river are often covered with it; natives as they
pass, and the birds of the air, help themselves to
it; and all because there are no screws in the in
tei.or Yet, so largely bare prices risen iu the
interior that it can Afford to pay the high rates
demauded necessarily by the railway lor ccttou so
packed. Little above til l y hundred weight of
aneerwod cotton can be s'owed away in one wag
on, »nd each wagon costs trom thirty to thirty
fivo., upeee, and mat sum hardly pays. This ru
pee a hundred weight to transport cotton from
Agra and Allahabad to Calcutta, is due solely to
th'dwant of screws The river presents a similar
scene. Boats, which are as unsafe as they are ua
wieldi and unshapely, are borne down by the
current on to Cal&ulta. This is the result,of price.s
having at last risen above the level of 1359, when
they reached their hignest point during the past
twenty years. Fortunately, too, tne rise took
place about sowing time, and the act that native
capitalists are eager for cotton gives the people,
so often deluded by fickleness ot Manchester, con
fidence in the permanence ol the rates. So
long ego as the close of July, fifty tour shillings
per pound of eighty two pounds was the rate st
Mirzapore and Ghaxeepore, and this is higher
than has ever been known. But the cotton seems
to be most filthy, and has never been so much
adulterated as within the last ten years. Former
ly each kind ot cotton had its own peculiar failing,
bat now all are bad alike. which had
only seed, is now weighed in addition with stones
and' dvrt, whiledlroach-wnd Dhollera, which were
only dirty, are now as full of seed also as Comta.
Worse than this, mixing has been added to the
baser kind ot adulteration, and bad cotton haa
been packed with all the well known and distinc
tive marks of what is good.”
Paaai&iNT Davis.—The Richmond Dispatch
pays the following brief, but high compliment to
President DaTii:
“We believe that ths President deserves the
most aalimited trust and respect of thejßouthern
Oua C’aioir Abkgio—Ths thr.e rrench gen
tlemen whose arrival has been telegraphed, are
extensive -bankers, who visit Richmond upon
professional business w.th the Confederate Gov
ernmant. In this connection, the Richmond
Enquirer makes the following gratifying state
ment :
“ It is gratiiying to know that cur Government
has had proffers of loans irom the capitalists of
a number of the countries ot Europe. Tbis luet,
which we obtain from a source commanding our
fullest confidence, tends to show better than al
most any oiher manifestation, ’.be true light in
which we are there viewed, and the purposes of
the European Courts. The bankers of the Eu
ropean capitals have ior.g been proverbial lor
their far seeing sagacity, aad for their success in
obtaining in advacc) of others aciura’e iuforma
tion of the purp/ses of their tillers. Hence the
exchange quotations are an accurate political as
well as financial barometer.
“ At tbe same lime that tlie gbove is true,
we learn, wiib rqual ctrlai-aty, that Europe has
been scoured for a loan by the United States au
thorities, but scoured in vain.
“ This preference of our credit over that of our
foe is shown by men whose business it is to make
ibtir investments accord ng t> their judgment
upon facts. It tells of the cenSdance of the beßt
informed in Europe in our iudep ndence, Bolven
cy and funor.”
Tbe outrages committed by the Fed ral
soldiers in various sections are causing some of
tbe Northern paprrs to ep ak out against them.
The Chicago Tunss, in remarking upon them
says :
“ The reported conversation between Col. Ham
ilton and Gen. Holmes, in Arkansas, should cause
every true Ameiicau to btnsh with shame, in re
membering that the outrages complained of by
the latter gentleman vv< re perpetrated by Ameri
can suldiirs. The barbarities o! Butler’s rangers
in Wyoming valley have been cc'.'psed by those
who wear the uniform ot the United States, aud
are marshaled under the flag if the Union.—
Closely foliowiug upon the compla ptg of General
Homes, ccmes the int-lliginee of rapine, arson,
and murder, committed by the army uuderGrant,
in its marcji from Corinth to Greed Junction. If
Ihe reports are true (and thsy ccme well aitlheu
ticitjo,) it is time to'ai-k if, in ihe conduct of the
war, a'l restraint and discipline ure to be thrown
aside, end the soldiers o! our army are to to per
mitted to exsre.se unlimited freedom in gratify
ing the most revolting uud brutal pass ous that
disgrace human ty. 'I he trail of Grant’s army in
its late march, is one ot blood—the blood c-f peace
able and ulc ßending inhabitants, many of whom
were loyal c.tz.r.s, und oguiutt none of whom
were there allegations that could justify tlie law
lessness and cruelty practiced i pon them.^,
If the outrages of the Federal soldiers are bad
enough to cause a Federal newspaper to talk In
this manner about them, they must be heinous in
deed. The barbarities piacticed by tbe King of
Duhurny are humaii'.: when compared with some of
the acts of Lincoln’s troops.
W c have male mention of the faettbut Judge
Orr had been arrested in Missouii for simply de
claiiug the emancipation proclamation of Lincoln
“ unwise, impolitic aud uucalled for.” We are
g’a 1 tq ste that oue paper in the North, at least,
bus the manliness and courage to denounce such
petti acts of despotism. The Harrishmg (Pa.?
Union, iu giving the news, says of it :
“ Fellow d.izecs, can you realize tbe fact? Does
it seem possible to yon that such an act could be
pirpetrai. and and the whole country not protest
against it ? What! a ci'izen ui rested lor simply
expreis ng his opinion upon the policy oi an act
cf the President, and venturing to express a
doubt as to the ability of the administration to
carry out that policy lawful y, and iho people
stand by iu dumb silence, tongue tied and para
lyzed V Do we live in 'i'uikey or in Russia, or is
this to-day the America wbea3 independence wsb
won by the blood of the revolution? We have
Leard ot the bow string and ibe kaout of Siberia,
aud the dungeons of the Hultan, but these ure
Asiatic and imperial amusements, suited neither
to our temperaments cor our institutions , and yet
how far are we removed Irom them if the person
al liberty ot the citizen cun be thus trampled up
ou with impunity i Men of America, bow your
heads iu shame that this thing should be so.”
{jjT* Referring to the fact that druggists to the
Scuth have been imprisoned, and their properly
coiifi cited, for sending medicines into our lines,
the Religions Herald, of Richmond, upi.ropria'ely
remaiks :
“Our enemies prohibited tbe introduction of
medicines iuto ihe South. Since the Federal oc
cupation of Memphis and New Orleans, druggists
iu those eities have been subjects I to the c mfiecu
tion of their property and to impr sonment as fel
ons, lor the sale of medicines that passed within
our hues. Th ! s is an unmanly warfare against the
lives of combutants aud uou-conibatauts alike —an
inhuman effort to make dbcas3 fatal cot only to
our men in arms, but also to decrepid age, and
womanhood and infancy. How unsightly will It
appear ou the page ot history, si ! e by side, with
the magnanimous act of .Saiadiu the Great I
When his mortal foe—!' e only foe he ever feared
—Richard the Fire', fell dangerously ill, during a
crusade iu the Holy Laud thiaSar ceocb cf sent
him the fruit and Ihe euow, without which Fis
disease could not be cured, an I saved his life ! Ab,
we war against worso thau Saracen enemy, who
plumes himself upon his eminent Christian prin
ciple, butti atopies under loot every dictate of jus
tice uud humanity. Shall we, in unj/ emergency,
consent to wear tbe irou yoke which has been
forge! for us? If he devotes us to death us a
means of subjugation, must uot the subjugation
be worse than death V”
They seem to be having a sort of a “ ear
nival of blood” iu Nashville. According to the
local of one of the city papers, live men were
murdered or fatally wounded iu that eity in one
night lately. Tbe local serve* up the dish es
crime thus :
“Ore of tbe victims was Mr. Hollister, keeper
cf the Commercial Hotel, who was knocked in the
head by a soldier with a slung shot. A soldier
who tvas on guard beyond the Chattanooga depot,
shot another soldier the other day for refusing to
halt Last nigh*, the comrade of tbe deceased man
killed the guard. Capt. Wtiimiller, of the Bell
vew Brewery, was so bed’y wounded that be is
cot expected to recover. A man was slain on
Colletre street. We have heard no particular* of
his death. And we learn that a negro was the
fifth victim of assassination.”
Truly, things aopcar to be in a beautiful con
dition in the subjugated Capital of Tennessee—
and in fact in all other places in the Southern
States, where the Federal* have rule. Annihila
tion is far preferable, than be'ng under such
masters.
vr It appears from all accounts received, that
Burnside is going to surpass even Pope in bar
barity and cruelty. He appears to be a willing
tool to carry out Lincoln’s infamous pioclamation.
A ialy in Warrenton, wiiting to her husbnnd in
Richmond, gives an account of the doings of bis
army during the time they occupied that place.
She says :
“He permitted his .soldieis to burn, plunder
aud steal every thing they could lay hands on.—
All the wheat, corn, hay, bogs, almost everything
the farmers near u* had left, were taken or wan
tonly destroyed. Some of cur farmers hud not a
morsel left them to sat, and some of them even
lost their very bed clothes. Their fences were
again degtrojed. Gardens in our own town all
suffered —some families have not t single cabbage
left. The tent* of the enemy filled the eye every
where, and for »everal night* the adjacent moan
tain* learned one vast aheetof flame, the wretche#
having set the woods on tire. They have done
all the harm this time they possibly could.”
rjf A Federal paper in speaking abont what
Gen. Resencranx is going to do, says :
‘‘After the occupation of Chattanooga by Gen.
Kosencrans, he will leave a sufficient force there
to hold the pi**#, and with the balance of hie
arrnv move into Alabama and Georgia. There
would be but little then to prevent an army at
Mobile easily making a junction with Rosencranx,
and thus occupying Alabama and Geoigia, and
bringing those States back into the Union.”
According to the gOGd Book, Metbaaeleh waa a
very old man when be died. Bat if Gen. Rosen
ersns carries ont the programme laid down for
him by bis Abolition friends, we think the number
of years he stays in this world of toil and trouble
wilt far exceed tbe nnmber Mevhusaleh spent in it
Coas i* North Louisiana. —The North Louisi
ana Baptist, of the 4th inst., says:
From all accounts, corn is a drug in tbe Looisi
ana swamp, and can be had for almost any price.
It la selling in Bossier for eighty cents, it is
abundant in Claiborne and Bienville parishes. A
large quantity is on hand. Bnch being the case,
it ought to sell for a reasonable price all over the
South. Pork should net be higher than ten or
twelve cents per pound.
™ Wg ** T
Sew* Summary.
Gen. Bragg, a -hart time since, dimaedad of
the F cderal General Rosenciaoz, that those now
held as prisoners tor no o her reason Unu loyalty
to the Coaiecerate UoVerameut, be teicsßed, ou
tbe grounds that he (Rojj&auu*) had no right lo
imprison cit zens iu their ~,u country, for their
loyalty to their own Government Gin Rnssu
cranz replied that citizens ot Teunissee are citi
zens of the . mted States Government, and ihat
disloyalty o the United States Government is
sufficient cause ior their arrest and imprisonment,
and di citnes to acceJe to Iho demands of General
Bragg. Genemt Bragg then Informed General
Rosencranz thtt he shall, in future, hold in close
confinement a! oificers of the United States army
captured by the forces o tha Confederate States
under his comoaud, as hostages for citizens im-‘
prisoned by hib, and to carry this into effect bo
has ordered oijofficers of the United States Army
now at MirtjitSeboro’, to be sent to Chattauoogft
for confint>tjsnt. Fifteen of those captured at
Uuuisvm|aA‘--ii accordingly been sent to UhaHa
■loogfc' **''
On Tuesday morning, President Davis aad Gen.
Joe Johnston passed through Atlanta on there
way to Jackson, Mass , on a tour of insneolion of
the YVestein army. The President will return hy
way of Savannah aud Charleston, then by VYU
miigtona'id the East coast of Nonh Carolina.
The President ts in hia usual health, Gei.eral
Johnston is tbe very picture of robust hi altb.
and savs he is as sound as a dollar. We anticil
pate the happiest results from this tour of inspec
tion by the President; and we expect new life to
be put into the army under the’control of the
masterly mind of Gen. J. E. Johnston.
Four persons, named Jessee id. Lowson, alias
L J. North, Win M. Leake, W. B. King, and Eu
gene Uortpn, broke into the Government Litho
graph office, in ihe b xk building, over F'isher &
Agtiew’s hardwsre store, in Uolumbiu, S. U , and
sible a number of sheets of tho new twiuties, none
of which have yet been issued. The parties have
all been caught, aad are in custody. All the ab
stracted sheet ■ have been recovered.
Our “army of Tennessee” is composed of three
corps—under Folk at Murfreesboro’, Hardee at
Shelbyville, and Kuby Bmi'.h at Manchester— the
whole under Joe Johnston, wild Bragg as second.
Ueu. Hetb comuntuds iu East Teaucssee.
Gov. Moore of Louisisna has called tho Legisia
tuie of that State together ut Opelousas, to pro
vide lor the exigencies of public defence, and such
other milters cf special end general inures! as
may deserve L'gislatiou.
A gentleman from Memphis reports that the
inrauers have about 80,000 men in the vicinity cf
that city. A great many o! them eae raw recruits
and dialled men.
Tha visit of l’rcsident Davis to the Western
army ut the present time is somewhat significant.
There is » diversity ofopiuton about tlie matter.
Large n uubers of mgroes are being sent from
Louis*ana to Texas..
“Who are not speculators?” says the Macon
Messenger, it a que.itiou that might well be asked
at (bis time. An incident occurred in Macou
which well illustrates the .‘act. A clergyman
called at a store a saw days since, wishing to
purcla.ic an i veicont. A fine one was shown
him at the price oi forty dollars. The merchant
received a considerable lecture on extortion, and
the would bj purchaser was about leaving. Ho
turned to the merchant and inquired if he would
purchnsc some jeans, und offered ilium a*, live
dollars per yard. The merchant then reminded
him that tbe price of tbe coat in tho cheapest times
was thirty dollars , and ihat ho had coded only
twenty-five per cent, ou his articles, while tbe
lecturer on extortion was asking tour hundred
per cent, on his. The clergyman was glad to
drop the subject of extortion.
The halls iu which the Confederate Congress
meets at Richmond have been improved. Now,
if the members would improve, aud the next time
they inert, legislate a little for the benefit of the
c luntry, it would rejoice the heart of every tiue
patriot.
The Mississippi river at Nalchiz was rising on
the 6th mat. *
Uulets onr people soon gat to making iron in
large quenti’ies, wa shall have tn iron famine
equal to the Balt famine. There is no difficulty In
procuring a bountiful supply, ts those who have
ths means will go into the business. No country
ou earth is richer in ores of the finest qualities
than curs. Tho monntuiu regions of South Car
olina, Georgia and Alabama abound with Irou.
Mr. J L. Caramon*, of Lee county, in ibis
Stale has manufactured a quantity of sugar und
svrup It is cf a rich golden col >r, beautifully
irrauulated, and entirely dry. Os this article,
Mr. Larnmore has made about 12C0 pounds He
has also made about 60 pounds of beautiful
syrup, the whole having turned out au excellent
operation.
Under the auspices of Capt. Finnic, the Nitre
Bureau of Mobile is ptoduciug and forwarding to
Richmond fiom nine to twelve thousand pouods
if nitre per month, and this quantity will le rap
idly increased.
Nothing vras beard from the gunboatsou yco.ter
day, Thursday, two of them went up Yazoo, and
when nearly opposite Sir. Blake’s place came in
contact with a couple of torpedoes, which ex
ploded, without doing any damage, however. The
boats then fired four shots and immediately with
drew.— V'icktburg Whig, \Zih.
£§ Al last accounts Gen. Forrest was operating on
tLa Memphis and ClarkeSville road, having de
stroyed a portion of the track over that road und
burned ths bridge over the Tenneessejat Danville
Ou the night of Nov. 29, the giu heuse of I\ A.
Lawson, Esq., who residtg near Tiffin, Ga., was
burned together with thiriy hales of cotton, oats,
So , anew gin and thrasher, a ca r riage and buggy
house, and graiu house—damages at least $4 000.
It was uudoubtedly the work of nn incendiary as
three white man were ateu skulking around the
premises by one or h’s beys. Planters should be
watchful during thsse times —as there are bests
of prowling thieves end desperate men about
General Lawtcu has so far recovered from his
wounds as to be able to return to Havanuah.
Oce otour pickets was frozen la death at lump
Lee, Vu , during the lata cold weather, for want
of proper clothing. They that have the where
withal to give should give liberally to provide
for our gallant and suffering soldiers.
Foreign Items.
In England, the expedient adopted for ensuring
the stability of tha circulation is peculiar. They
ascertain by calculation the supposed amount of
paper money proper to be circulated in the King
dor . Th y then tako awuy Iromthe Banks—with
immaterial exceptions—the power of makiug pa
per money; they estibiish an institution culled
the Issue Department of the Bank of England,
charged with the single duty of makiug and i,-gu
lating the paper money ol the Kiagdo c ; und
they prohibit this institution from exceed, iv a
deficit amount in its issues. The Dotes met uffic
tured by this DepErtmem of Issue are simply
handed over to the Banking Department ol the
Bank of England engaged iu the bus ness ol .lie
counts, and this latter nititulien finds itseli with
no money which it can employ in loans, er ept
the notes thus passed over to its till, aud the ends
arising from regular basinets
Mr. Ten Broeek, the American sportsman in
England, waa lately swindled out ol SSOO by tet
ting hat “ reindeer” was spelt “ reindeer,” in
Stead of “raindeer,” the bet to be deeded hi the
club's copv of Johnson’s Dictionary. Johuu uis
the ouiy lexicographer who has this bad spell,
and Mr. Tenhroeck’s antagonist knew the fact
when he made the bet, for.wtiich he isto be tu uod
out of the club.
A paper ca'igd the “Index,” has been started
in London to advocate the cause of the S. uth.
Some of the ablest writers in England contribute
to its columns. Its editorial rooms are the ren
desvous of Southerners in London. The paper,
already has proved a great success, and produced
a political effect far beyond the most sanguine
hopes of itsfriends. It has already taken its stand
as a first class weekly. A gsntlemin, formerly of
Mobile, and whose liberality in aid of Confederate
soldiers nd of the genet al cause has been so
often noted in Southern papers is ths munifleent
supporter of ths Index.
The new Turkish Ambassador of Pane brings
seven wives with him. The French have chris
tened them Meadames Monday, Tuesday, etc.
a wife for each day.
Galignani’s Messenger, of Pans, ofthe Ist
November, says the brothers Cattabene (one o
whom wag implicated i . the Paiooi robbe y,)
said to be forming at l urin a legion lor Amerto-,
with the authorisation of the Italian Government.
The sum of one hundred thousand pounds ster-
I raised by subscription tor the relief of dis
tress in Lancashire, has been found totally made-
SSVo provide for the actnai wants of recipi
ents of this charity.
The army of Austria consists of 783,544 men
n f Prussia, 719,095; of Russia, 350,000; of France,
aas 000- of Great Britain and India 684,823; of
Denmark, Bweeded, Spam, Portugal, and Italy,
SOS 497' making a total of 8,771,780 men The an*
nai ’coat of maintaining, clothing, and paying these
meD at an average of £4O a man, is over £150,-
000 000, which added to £120,000,000, an amount
which so many able-Dodied men wonld produce
if engaged in useful labor, makes an annal loss to
the wealth of the European continent of nearly
£800,000,000.
The French Minister of Marine hss concluded
a contract with a firm at Marseilles for the con
struction of five steam sloops, to be attached to
the Toamn fleet, and to be delivered within a
brief period
A letter from Accra, We«t Coast oi Africa, dated
' Special Corretro.ide/ioe oj the Chronicle & Sentinel.
GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
MILLSOUSViU.iI !'. 13
t>EN ATE
In the Senate to dry the House tun-n.lnients to
the bill to pro ids two regiments State -pa,
were concurred in.
A message from the Governor iu r- eronce to
tho Conscript lew and the election of officers by
volunteers nasread, wheig Judge Gibaoc moved
to lay it ou the table until next session. Ho sta
ted tha custom in the army of fi ling vacancies by
regular promotion down to junior second Lieu
tenants, who were elected. He thought the mes
sage of the Governor calculated to produce dis
content and mutiny, though he aid not think it
was so designed Ha believed that there were
influenses at work, whether designed or not, to
cripple the administration ; but President Davis
would in spite of them carry ns safely through
tho itruggle. Mr. Jackson offered o. eer'es of
resolutions, sustaining the measure of the Gov
ernor—declaratory of tho right ct the volunteers
to elect iheir own officers.
The Senate then adjourned to halt oast three
o’clock.
lu the al'ternooo, the resolutions wore taken
up, and 'aid on the table. The mcssi g-. was not
acted on.
Beth Houses are in session lo night, chit fly for
the purpose of signing up bill*, Ac
The se ision to-day, especially iu the H aas has
een quite a noisy one.
he Senate was iu executive session this a ’ r
nooo. D,is understood that a nomination for the
Judgeship of one of the vatant rircnau war tinder
consideration, and that no nomination wai agreed
upon
HOUSE.
Ir. the Ucas), this morning, a motion w’s made
to re-oousider the bill to organize two regiments
ot State troops. Mr. Lee favored the motion, on the
ground tba‘. Slate troops mill affect an unnecessary
aud ruinous expense upon Ihe Treasury. Capt.
Burke opposed tUe uiotiou. Judge Love lavored
the motion, torthepurpr so ofudopting the original
bill, which woal t take ihe troops from hose now
sabj ct to consciiption. Mr. Stephens opposed
the motion to re consider, and took occasion to
disclaim ail hostility to the President or the exe
cution of the Conscript Law. The motion to re
consider was lost.
Mr. Washington moved to re-cousi-.ler (ha
Senate amendment to the appropriation bill al
lowing extra compensation to the journalizing
clerk The motion prevailed, aad (he clause was
lost.
Mr. Gaudier moved tn p musider the clause
allowing Mr. Tow -at* $lO 0 for c >rtaia se- vice.—
The motion was lost. 001. Thread had it seems,,
dircov -rod up on or in the issue of the br ads of
the Stuff) by which be Saved the State $60,000.
The investigation cost him . much time and
expense in visiting and cmfsrriag with parties
in different parts of tti * Suite, an 4 the extra
compensation seeing to be well deserved.
o.i motion of Mr. Adams and Clark, the clause to
increase the salaries of Ihe Governor's Stcrataries
to SISOO was reconsidered and list.
The resolutions in reference to certain trophies
captured by the 18‘Ji Georgia, were adopted.
The trophies were eubsiquently exhibited in
each bouse, and were rtc.ived standing, in
token o! respect for ihe gallant cantors. Mr.
Daßcse ami Air Washington in t- e House und
Rev. Mr. Echols in the .Senate, spoke felicitously
on Ihe occasion.
A bill to charter the Southern Express Compa
ny, was amended to the Confederate Express Cos.,
and passed.
Judge Cabiness reported a statement from the
committee ou the addendum to tho Journals oi
tlie House made by tbe Governor, at the cioso of
the last session, in reftrence to the state of tbe
army. Tbe report concludes by declaring that
the Gov.-rnor, to ordering a private, unofficial pa
per of hia own to be attached to tho journals as
an appendix, usurped a power which did not be
long to him. The report was spread upon the
jourrai A biff 1 1 3eltlo a‘l conflict between tho
Code, pus ltd; a bill to incorporate the South
Georgia aud Florda KsiToad Oompauy, passed;
a bill to i». reuse jailors’ fees fifty percent; a bill
to exempt persons liable to professional tux irom
the same, wire are ia he service, passed.
A bi’l to regulate testimony—relates to coua
terleit mouey - makes parties witnesses. It was
made the special order for tbe first day of the
adjourned ereslon.
In the afternoon, tho House refused to recede
from its disagreement to the Senate amendment
to the appropriation bill. A committee of con
ference was appointed.
A resolution was adopted authorizing the Gov
ernor to furnish one copy ol Waters’ Pamphlet of
the acre of tne se.-sion to each county.
A bill to confer banking privileges on the At
lanta Insurance company Passed.
Another bill was takm up, and oa taking the
vote, it was found that there was not a quorum
present, whereupon tho House adjourned to 10
o’clock P. si.
Both Houses adjourned until April, without
doiAg any further business.
Thb Nuw York CoJiTaimmoNS to England’s
Poor —i he New Yorkers are subscribing money
and provisions, to bes ns *o England lor tbß
relief of tbe Lancashire sufferers. They call it
charity, but it is simply shrewd Yaukce calcula
tion. They know that whatever Lord John Rus
sell’s pot! lion, the people of England by an ira
mence majority, warmly sympathise with the
Confederate States, and desire Iheir success.—
They know that the sufferings of the English ope
ratives are calculated to it flame these sentiments,
because due solely nnd entirely to the atrocious
atemptoftbe Yankee States to deprive tis of ou
libeities aad reduce us to serfdom.
They know that English pntienc -, sorely straio
ed already, may any moment give pines to on
outburst of honest v7ia*h that will cither force
Lord John Russ 11 into compliance with the peo
ple’s views on the American question, or displace
him for oue si®i arly alfee ed with themselves.
Hence this disinterested charity ! They hwpe
that a fez* thousand dollars, a ship lea l of flour
and pork and be&ns and onions, will allay the ro -
s’.ntments and peihaps win the fa7or of those on
whom they have brought such terrible suffering
as now n:ake3 Lancashire send up a general wait.
It ia no new thing for the people who live in
the laud of notions to felicitate their consciences
on deeds done m ths light of self-interest. It has
ever been thus with them. Indeed, what taey
call conscience ia gi.nplv au ally and guardian of
the purse, and never in its way. Propose to them
a work of benevolence which demands a real sac
rifice, however small, and immediately tbeir con
science erects itself, sword in hand, to defend tbe
door ofthe treasury. Hence, while they would
deplore the terrible enormity of slavery their
faithful conscience would not allow them to contri
bute one dollar towards the removal of a single
felt w —Richmond Enquirer.
Fredericksburg- The town of Fredericksburg,
Ya., having suddenly become a poiut .cn which
public inie cst ceoties, we deem it appropriate to j
give a brief description n; the place. It i3 plea- j
santly situated ia a fertile valley, lr. Spotsylvania j
county on the South side of lbs Rappahannock j
river, at tbe bead of tide water, 65 mti-s North of j
Richmond and 110 miles above Chcf-p'ake Bay. j
The population m 1860 was 5,080. The town was j
named in honor of Prince Frederick, father of |
George ID, end was established at cn early period j
of tbe colonial na. It contaicsaCoui f Hour , *ev- i
eral chuicbes, an oif-ba i asylum, three banks,-
gev-ral mills and foundries, three semi «• oekly j
newspaper offices, etc. lbs Rapp thaw.ock af- j
fords valuab’e motiic i ower, available at tLe tails j
above. A canal extending to a point forty miles i
West of the town, affords means of tr iss,,oi tmiou j
foe the products of . rich framing countiy, ur,d j
the Richmond, Fredericksburg au i Potomac Rail j
Road connects the city with the State Capital, j
Just beyond the limits of the city an unfinished :
monument, begun in 1888, marks th? tomb of the !
mother of Washington, who died there ia 1789.
T*g Change in East Tenues see.— Henry j
better known in East Tennessee as ‘Buster Hen
r y ” who has beau ou r of tie most notorious
Union leaders in that country, and who went so
far as to aid the enemy, lor which he wag arrested,
hu written a letter iu which he lays:
I have learned to my regret and astonishment,
that Mr. Lincola has issued a proclamation of free
dom to all the slaves in the bo called rebellious
States. This act, of i self cuts asunder every cord
that boandme to the old Union; and I now declare
most so’omuly, that my future life and conduct, as
well as my destiny, are with the establishment of
the Confederate States. I do furthermore promise,
if permitted to do so, to devote my lite and prop
erty, and all that I have, to the support of the
Confederate Government, and in all things to de
mean myself as a loyal cit zen. I will further
add that, if deemed necessary, I am ready and
wiling to take the oath to support tbe Constitu
tion of the Confederate' States, and the laws made
under it. Also, to give bond and surity in any
reasonable earn required of me for the faithful
performance of the same.
Battl# in Arkansas—Hindu an Victoeiobs.—
We learn that General Hindman’s Confederate
forces attacked the enemy at Fayetteville, Arkan
sas, gave them a sound drubbing, and captured
four nundred prisoners. Hindman ia the officer
to execute the order of the President in regard to
) the execution of ten officers as a retaliation for
| the shooting of the like number ot our officers
and privates,— Jaci*on Murimppian, D*c 12.
—
The recent Indian outbreaks, in Minnesota are
■ ascribed by the Federal commissioner for Indian
I affairs to the efforts of secession ageots operating
j through British tor traders.
VOL. LXXV.---NEW SERIES VOL. XXV. NO
i JCOMSIDVIC ITKD TO CHROXIOLK A BKNTTNRL ]
Sontliern Education, Soatueru School*,
! Southern Teach ora *i!d Southern
Hooke.
What an- Ure aapTaUm.'j of the Souther a mind,
a minium to the fierce contest now waging be
itVeeu us and tbe North? De they pouit mare!/
to a deliverance from the usurped domination ot
our former allies, and tho establishment of the
forms of a free Gove, ament? If this were the
oxtent of our hopes and purposes, desirable as
they may be, it would hardly compensate tor ths
prodigious wa3te of life and treasure which it has
already cost. But we are confidant that such is
not the fact. Our fertile soil and genial clime,
adapting i*self to almost every variety of pro
duction . our large, ineruauatibie mineral wealth;
our unsurpassed facilities for manufacturing pur -
poses, for domestic tn.de uud foreign commerce,
especially our growing people, with all their
chivalric instincts and intellectual yearnings, ob
viously fit it for a far nobler destiny than it was
possible to obtain under the vassalage of a North
ern oligarchy. Southern commercial eonveu
tionp, auti-tai iff county meetings aud resolutions,
however ineffectual they may have been to ob
struct the old channels of intercourse and trade
with the North, for which they were intended,
have, nevertheless, not been ineffectual as proofs
of a mighty power and Lie in the Southern heart,
ar,d of its strong out-goiugs after a higher aud
more independent state ot political existence-
This war, like that of the lirst revolution, has
forced tbe people against whom it uc.s boon un
constitutionally and iniquitously waged, into a
position of decided and bitter hostility, not an
ticipated or wished by them at the beginning.
The result, however, of this prolonged and unre
lenting spirit of opposition to the South, has
been to create a corresponding feeling of haired
towards the North and to everything emanating
from it. We are now sustained in this, tho most
eventful contest that has ever bean carried ou
between a people of the same stock aud language,
with the mo3t sanguine hope, notwithstanding
the enemy who is preying on our substance at
home, that ere long we will achieve a triumphant
emancipation from those with whom we have
hitherto been so closely connected. Yes, Ire -
peat it, the Southern heart is animated and buoyed
up with the expectation of an early and glorious
independence—not in name and for m and govern
ment rights only—but iu the solid, substantial
realities of a sell sustaining, self-supplying, self
protecting nationality.
In order, therefore; that we may the sooner
begin to realize and enjoy that state of affairs
above described, we must be up and doing, and
piocraatinale no longer the use ot those means by
which it is to be brought about. Without farther
prnfac , we introduce our subject to ths considfr
ation of the.good and patriotic of the land, and
especially to the attention of -urlaw makers now
assembled, and ask the quest on, what more im
portant business can occupy at least a portion of
their time and action than supplying the rising
generation with proper education? A Govern
ment that does not contemplate the insti notion
of its children iu tlie various branches of educa
tion and make ample provision therefor, is a po
litical monster without eyes or arms. Antiquity
does not afford such an example among nations
entitled to be regarded as civilized. That great
man, Daniel Webster, in a speech to the ladies of
Virginia, said, “ pour instruction on the heads ol
the people, you owe them that baptism.” Bacon,
in an aphorism which all remember, bad before
suia, “ knowledge is powor,” but the former
quotation is au enlargement of the thought. It
makes “knowledge” not only “ power,” bui to a
certain extent, virtue, at all events, progress,
dignity, happiness aud perhaps destiny. Above
all, it gives life to the cold maxim of tbe philoso
pher and sends it forth warm with moral power
to arouse to beneficent action tha wise and the
good. The wise and- tße good and the patriotic
must take the hint and, instead of pluming our
selves on onr past achievements, we must press
on to that which is before us iu the future, con
stantly ‘‘pouring knowledge on the heads of the
peoplo.” I es, tho people; until knowledge shall
run to and Iro union »t them. Until wo do this,
we will be unfaithful to the high trusts and res
ponsibilities committed to our hands. It has long
sines become an axiom—und so just and true is
the sentiment, that no one will question it—that
virtue and knowledge are indispeusable to the
success of a Republic. We would be offending
the intelligent reader to elaborate this point, or
to attempt to say more at this time on the im
portance of Southern education. This beiog
fully admitted, we proceed to state three other
propositions; viz: First—Our children should be
educated in their own country, at home ; it may
be in sight of their own domicil. Secondly—They
must be taught by native home born teachers.
Thirdly—They must learn from native books.
To the first point then wo suy, that we might
es well think ot impo ting water and air for the
support and life of the people, es of expecting to
see them acquire and obtain their education
abroad. The thing is impracticable—tha para
mount objection, it there were no other, is the
immense expense it would incur. The idea of
educating the masses Irom borne is too vißionary
for a moment’s serious contemplation. If howev
er there is any one disposed to sustain the propo
sition that it is cheaper aad better lor the State to
send away annually, a certain number ot her
children to be educated abroad than to suply the
means for having it done at home; our reply to
such an one is briefly this, viz: that such a pro
cess of educating the youth of onr country would
defeat the great object and end to be attained by
home instruction, wnich is the adaptation of tbe
thoughts, Bentimeuta, habits und associations of
*ke child with those with whom it expects to live
—and to that peculiarity of customs and institu
tions of the country in which his lot in after life
will be cast. We need not enlarge or press this
point. It is a mere waste of time to attempt to
defend foreign education. If we had nothing else
in theory to say against it—tbe practical illustra
tions of how badly the thing works, in the ruin of
so many promising young man who otherwise
would have been blessings and ornaments to their
native land, is enough to set our faces forever
against the uupatriotic and ruinous system of
sending children from home to be educated.
Many a wealthy man who has attempted to make
something more of his son, by sending him abroad
to school or college, than his neighbor could of
hia son by keeping him at home, has lived to sre
that son return lull of prejudice and poison to the
people and boms of his birth. Disgusted and
indifferent to what was going on about hilfc, he
becomes n mere cipher in the community, of no
use to himself or country, whilst on the other hand
our home educated boy grows up a useful member
ot society—loved and honored by all. It is not
merely a negative feeling of opposition to one’s
country that is implanted in tue mind of the
youth when being educated from home, but often
lie comes back an alien at heart to bis own peo
ple and native land, and feels deep hatred to those
with whom be mu3t now associate. Then, alas
has foreign education deformed the character,
changed and embittered the sentiments of too
many of our sons who otherwise would huve been
blessings to their native land.
In this connection we are proud to admit that
i there has been very much done to secure lor
I ourselves home instruction and to prevent
j our youtb Irom pursuing the higher branches of
i their education, or getting their professions
i abroad. We cannot too highly extol the patriotic
j and enterprising spirit which has been displayed
: by so many of our great aud good men, and to the
i dead be a 1 honor and praise and gratitude to
| their memories for this service to their country,
i in the establishment of so many schools and
[ colleeges tn our Uonlederucy, and especially in
I this, our own beloved Georgia. But great as is our
i admiration aud tuuaklulaess for what has already
I been done in this respect fir oar country, tha
; work is far from being complete, either as to
umbei character and variety. Where for example
have we a normal school for the education of
I teachers, as distinct a profession as that of lawyers,
I miuuters and physicians ? Where have we any
i institution, with distinctive featnres for the educa
tion of mechanics, farmers or manufacturers ? We
must have a complement of such school to meet
the entire wants and necessities of Ue people,
from the primary school to the highest university,
and adapted to ail classes, and to all the learned
as well as industrial pursuits.
We have said our children must be educated at
home. Wo now say in the second place, they must
henceforth be trained and taught by home
Dsrn, native teachers. We cannot be too
guarded on this point. We musthereaiter prohibit
by tbe severest penalties that can be enforced the
introduction of foreiga teachers in onr midst. If
we do not, shame, humiliation and ruin wiil soon
come npon us as a people. This is the Troian
horse, my countrymen never iet it enter within
your walls.
‘‘Timeo Danaos et dona fereutes.”
We would again impress the thought that if weare
hereafter to depend on foreign teachers to inatrnct
our children, we may as well begin to prepare now '
for future changes and revolutions, for the one
will follow the other. There may have been some
excuse on the ground of necessity for having our
schools and colleges filled ” with northern
teachers and professors; that necessity no
longer exists; and even if it did in some
parts of our country, sooner far let the door of
the school house be barred and the child left to
learn something when and where he could in
after life, than for a foreign teacher, man or
woman, to pass its threshold. The foreign ad
venturer who brought to his friend a bag' of
barley and therewith strewed the thistle broad
cast over all our fields was a thrice told blessing
in contrast with itinerant Northern teachers
whose hie hae boo, and whose chemistry and
philosophy are only th* vybiclea by which they
a!! the mental food the Southern people have had
*.or years pas*. This long desired revolution
roe begun must now roll onward and forward
It iu os*, e ladical aud thorough in every respect
and particular bui in none more so than on the
question wo ure uuo endeavoring to submit for
public consideration.
li we wish at ouce to begin .lie ia, e oi prosper!
ty and greatness and reap the early fruit of our
labor to make our government independent,
must no longer telerate foreign teachers to come
iuto our houses, into our academies or to enteY our
colleges. If any of our people are ltviug iu a
destitute portiou of the country where tbe school
house cannot be opened unless it is occupied by
a teacher imported from abroad, let it remain
closed, and let mothers and fathers undertake the
duty of teaching their children themselves, no
matter how plain and simple and limited it may
be, sooner than send them away, or bring into
their neighborhoods these forign teachers, whom
we emphatically style wolves in sheep’s clothing
But Ist us rejoice that there ia no irecessity for
this now. We have tho material in abundance
for making good teachers of our own. We must
do it—make leaching what it really is, an honora
ble business, a profession of the highest giade und
dignity in tha land—then we shall have «*s tine
teachers escau b 8 find any where. Way not?
We come now to notice our third ponit, viz :
that our children must ns* in t heir education home
books. We may as well import our te.icheis aud
professors as to import our school aud collage
tex* books. Hithei to we have doaa boili, let os
ia the future do neither. There is uu truer doc
trine than that of the Prussians, ‘ Whatever you
would have appear in the life ot u nation, you
must put into its schools,’ that is, into its school
bonks. Whatever a child seas or learns iu a hook
appears os infallibhi wisdom aud .-t soon become,
so hardened into tbe brain that the error cannot
be easily removed. How lasting are early im
pressions, and what consequences eubus from
them. The poison of a taies principle in morals
or a violence done to the mind ot youth carries its
blight to the soul as swiltly and as purely us the
virus of an adder’s bite is conducted by ibe life
blood to the heart. Not more certainly will ths
rude gash upon the tender sapling appear in the
oak ot centuries, than will tho moral and intel
lectual injuries inflicted iu childhoo i appear in
corresponding distortions in the sugo of four
seoreyeurs. Guard, therefore, with ever ceaseless
vigilance, tho preparation and matter ot your
school books, as in time of war, you guard the
wells and springs of the land from the poison of
the enemy. Tho style, the examples, the illustra
tions and the whole drift of such books partake
more or less of the character and sentimeuts of
their authors, whether foreign or domestic, and
there is ofteu educational power for good or evil
tn utmost every lice contained in them. Iu view
of the magnitude o: this subject, let the Govern
ment take immediate charge oi it—lot efficient
means be at once inaugurated whereby he wants
aud necessities of the people iu respect to educa
tion may be thoroughly understood and properly
supplied. It is a duty worthy oi the, most gifted
intellect, aud the man wro will apply biuisolf <u
it with that energy aud devotion wnich tho work is
capable of inspiring, will earn for himsell a reputa
tion aud a name that will grow (rentier und brighter
as each generation comes upon the stage of life.
Ovkrtov.
, [COMMUtiICATin.J
Mr Editor : — ll io a u;a‘L of some surprise to
mi that Chicory q’uould he preiiouiicedl o “best”
substitute for Goffee. Without deairiirg to pro
voke a controvuisy on its merits, I must say that
the sweet potato is for b * .- and more nearly
approximates the articly ocoo sold throughout
the country called coffee. Having used Chicory
only to a limited extent, i an perhaps not well
enough, advised of its superior qualities us claimed
for it by the grocers, to sponk “ox cut ledra.” 1
could however always distinguish an earthy taste,
a peculiarity belonging to mots, or shrubs. It
may he entirely harmless—of its medicinal pro
perti.-s, I kno • nothing—l desire only to intro
duce thesweoi n< :ato. This I hayou.-ed with nut
punity and tip. most satisfactory? results. Gore
breed with coil'.: re the proporti >u oi two pans
potato aad one of coffee, it makes a most palata
Old and rcfreahingdrink. I. possesses ihu strength
of coffee and bus th<r richest aromatic taste.
I think it not inferior to chocolate. Another ad
vantage claimed for it is, that it does not have
that black sediment scan in the combination oi
chicory und coffee. And when the coat is con
sidered, no family would us3 chicory at 60 to 75
cents per pound, when sweet potatoes ure not
worth at any time, above the fift j part of it. The
process ot preparation ia simpie—select the larg
est potatoes, pair and slice them as if for trying.
Then cut mto strips and slices, these strips into
sizes of backgammon dices —dry in the tun and
parch us cottbc can be ground in a coffee mill.
Pro Bono J’cblco.
ACKNOWLKnasMSNT or (Jonfkdbrati Bravurv. —
A correspondent of a Northern paper writing from
Uorinth concerning the late battle pays the follow
ing compliment to our troops engbged in that
contest •
II iu the current testimony of all who witnessed
it, that the charge made by the rebel column on
our breastworks on Saturday, has no parallel in
this war lor intrepid, obstinate courage, and none
to excel it in history. I havo conversed with
many officers, of ail grades, who express this
opinion, aad make no attempt to conceal their ad
miration for the men and the discipline that conld
face the murdetous leaden form o, cur forces
and batterie.?; sweep across the field with closed
ranks, despite tho yawning gaps made by every
discharge of our guns ; and actually mount onr
Woi k3 and plant their b.nnere* there, lu the ago
ni aof the do.ttli fctrure'ie. The 2 I Texas iutan
try, under Util. Rugere, tend the charge, «nd the
colonel himself f-.ri ou tut breast wonts, with the
color of his re n-nt hi his hand A piece of pa
per was sou under hre clothing, giving liis
name, age, rank, command, and the address of
inends. After the battle but four of hm entire
regiment were left alive and three of these were
wounded and all taken prisoners.
Cukap Wa uuis.— Mr. T.C. liol>3on, ot Greene
born, Ala., who has witnessed an economical and
gratiiying experiment in the wabhiiig line, give
it to the public thus:
With a qu.retiLy o! Buckeye root, washed and
sticud, a tub lull of hot water was readily and ra
pidly made into “suds.” lathis mixture a num
ber o! various colored woolen garments were
speedily washed free of all dirt and all stain, with
out tha least perceptible injury to any of the tex
ture.). On the contrary, the washing had the ef
iec! ot fixing untt brightening all th colors.—
Even those prints thattadein water alone, were
left intact and as beauttlui as new Tbe mixture
was allowed to became lukewarm before immer
sio •• the cloths, and two tubs full were used iu the
process, carrying ihe or -ides washed from one
into the Other. I knew this tac: many years ago
but tbis is the first time that I have seen it tr‘®d
;t washes silk as nicely as it do s woolen goods
Epsom Balts.—One of oar most enterprising salt
boilors, who hau been awake to all new
enterprises by tbe block* Jy and our
condition of enforced ind.pcndenoe commenced
some careful expen.-cents ns to the elimination of
medicine is the Sulphate of Mag
nesia It obta ned its commercial name from hav
i„e beeu obtained from a spring at Epsom. The
mode first adopt J lb» obreinreg it was by evapor
trtreg and chryetalizlng the bitter depositremain
iu-r after preparing common t»lt from seawater.
* » Epsom rills ate not only valuable
H3 a medicine, bat uu a source whence common
Magnesia is largely obtained.”
It is also made by dissolving magnesian lime
stone or c rpenttne rocz in strong sulphuric acid;
and, acordreg .o another, 13 largely prepared Irom
soapstone («• ante) wareb is a sillicato of magna
aia.
A Bactihoks.vn in Fuar Lyiraria.—The New
York Freeman’s Journal, in speaking of the
confinement of political prisoners in Fort La
fayette, thus speaks of a distinguished citizen of
Baltimore-.
Oar heart bleeds when we think cf that venera
ble member of the Battimoie Bar, T. Parkin Scott.
We saw tbia accomplished gentleman at Fort La
layette, day after day, silting down to the bad sol
diers’ ration:—interior and badly cooked pork,
served on filthy tin plates, accompanied by brown
bread add a hot decoction ot bnrnt rye and moias
fes—without milk—called, by way of jest, coffee.
His scant and thin straw pallet on an iron stretcher
was placed on the damp bricks of a battery, among
the guiiß of tue fort, aud surrounded by men of
every degree of social culture, and every kind of
moral habits.
This is the way free born men are treated in
Lmcoidom because they see fit to differ with the
J powers that be.
Balt Wore*. —The Charleston Courier gives
1 statistics, from which it appears that there are,
within the city limits, one hundred and twenty
salt work* in the course of erection or in opera
tion, which produce an average of eleven bushels
per day each, or eight thousand bushels per
week. The number of boilers of different sizes i*
seven hundred. About four thousand cords of
wood per week are consumed. The cost of these
works, in the aggregate has been estimated fit the
lowest at two hundred and fifty dollars. The cost
of the wood consumed daily is averaged at eight
thousand dollars, or nearly fifty thousand dollar#
per week. The total aggregate, allowing for band#
engaged and other items, would swell the amount
to neai* half a million dollar* per week.