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WJKiay ADYKRTISISG RVTE*
Oiea • - ' 1 Aij'Jr. i.iiiij'ii! p*i 1 .Hi.ul in III* Wtwiys'■ i
«»#♦.(•. 7 : -«»t»»tiß4e -A :> --Hlon.
Srn.ui ;«'»n/is wLlte ■.». a**! tin Ay e*a:» siren for ««<Ji
r ■.' 'r. *
M'.sa?vie',D«i?ra*a4 Fnv.*\i SottcriOß*4o"M««li
o<ni9ku Svc -■:» fciT'S'i-T ?i nc for i>s«UiMrtfc#» is
/ . 'frWf'kX VTi,i.r.; ill'.’ i»ry so:lc* a;»iuli
Ui.M in U. ij if, -l Vf/ii;/ -silty etuis [*r Hr.*.
< U 8 « I"IHEVY Bil l/
The currency net which I wen rigned by
tii; i'i -IT at and become llie l:*.w of tho land. Is
nc.j (i iha mi i important measures adoptul-by )
(Vniri. at iv< late s.: *lon. Tlio military bill I
r .buts tv jvi ion*. Tit tax hi.l limits
Us mil .it- ill in tv (. .v c-iKti, to five per
cent. J it t ij'M.'unvn: y net extends its rcquM
ti.-; > <j\uy person in the Coafederacy, poor
n« «■•■!! iv, uod exacts of him from ttiiriy
three t i a honored i a ceut. of a huge-port ion
ol he property.
Lot o: '.r, .:rtd for reaching r>s it Is, impor
t .tit ik ;l:s impelled Cofi&NY- to
r.'h -jj■ it. lii' cm uiicy b.ul become so expand
ed lint .lav 'oiilr.ictUia wan very desirable.
Toilu this, and at tii / sauio time supply the
TrOm iny with tb: means to ptoxcculo the war,
•m c>. i:ia] . i'i’ ilt. Tlio delay necessary to
levy ii oi cadet* an impost on property, iu
<■ in " ..i Lastly. sufficient to re-iuiH) the cur
rent .> <e support tii.’ government, would have
b.‘.-:i -i >t* <t tii'- plan was elra.-st imprac
ticable. 'i 'ti.-, a.oi aws* a tax, to give un i
oppoi i'y to tone . ..in ttiiil wrongs, aud ;
tj ci i ■ f *o l.Mjp* it .'uia would have mpaiied ;
iiM.ir ni'it.-n A tax of five, six, oV even
eight i di * I ; 11■ w. eld not bate red lie- !
• 1 ta.Mii: my i e »i. , • • betuu.-e the t-xpro- j
I,- i \>. :.i]! ; svi* -vi ilkd the i'i ,vip *. J in'
(jir/i :i: - fr ■' Ulig u : -!ill larger HUM, I**
fi• 11 1 ( ~ > ii it ltd hue iloue, executions. and
sat • •»—!), aitil sacrifices, wouldh.tvc
rnj I'r -.1 -iill g;-aier and there is reason
to fear i! . rim t il. could Lave -'Mi collected
liy if ■ it ion «l.i U tvuubi have boi.li supported
In' „ verii'and a 'i.iUCMd the emooncy.
Now. what taxes could uot have effected in
n’x of «lgl»t month".. or u year, the currency
Wll .v liiij,) irln,* •al ft elngle .stroke. It act*
promp 1 .1 * and without delay. All How itrites
i,f oiirii'iier me at omit* stopped, and the lu—
tar.) \ li*c<l. From eight hundred and
tllty millions the olrculatiion will ho reduced
tonin' b'in hv'l ami titty millions, About the
midrib: of ,fine, ay, Mr. .Mere wringer reported
It) on pe. ■ ili.ri tie) circulation of Confeder
ate not m v • !ii-‘U :-vea hundred nod twenty
lulliiv- ■ a.' is-;. \ rinco, as they are limbed
l»y law ml.lif " per month, will briii;* :
them up to e iii hcml'c !.i-1 ot y millions by ;
thol. id A; P. r.'ilt \*'!l bo funded |
lit f'.ur p re in. b u'' hjSil put exchanged fbr I
i ew u I' r lec.iplb from those two j
sources lit .'o-emtuingef e. aiuiiortori to lasmt
two ii .ii *• , | i!..j i w currency fa divee of the
old. i: ti 1.. ,io 1.0 more, and ha tho wants
of tlx: govern i -' vr'.il tilO Whole of
tlu*4o rod ime . tfi •cm v ojil hereafter I>j
fixed *ud iu’..-»ii:,b’o. Should ibo fuudiiig bo
Insufficient to tUei . tli* e.i,'- -e l of tilt! gov
ernment, ibo incuviiy v ill bo compelled to
sol! the new Ax pci ceistii. for wont ho , -u got,
Bui hi* I'occip on those titles will be iwmeiti
nl.riy paid out i*.. -ii; u-j liiat the iuutvo civ, il
lation will ii" Paired lo two-tliii is ot Us
amount ou the Sli t> f March neither contrite!•„
ingor exp auu O' io 1 liio operations )>i tho
treasury, and limited to about live huudtedaod
3fy nrillio; •.
The law thus reduce* tlio currency and fixes
It; amount aided cts tbi.' mo-t desirable ob- j
j'eet in peril, pa the only way that was possible,
luxf uo one cau fail to commend tho measure as
eminently wise and beneficial.
|he detail "f tho Mil are not lc“s commeud
nblo. 8o;uo IvaUf. :es would doiiblless have
K-en bit if (lie ieduction bad been made Im
mediately. leu the 'ib iulvaulago.' would have
boen groat and tho ifljmy enormous. As it is
every one e.ai avoid ibo I >x by iinuiediftto lutid
Jug. Debtors can meet their obligations by
soiling so much of llieir piopoitv as nmv be
noccssarv foi this p , : p “ ; and every one who
receives lit" money in the mean time, does it
with bis eyes open lo th* prospective tax. As
largo sums nre dnl’.y charging hands, the
am mint in each one's possession on the t\rsi ol
April will have be> u received tor tho most
pilt with a full knowledge ot the anticipated
tax. The burden will tints bo distributed prop
erly mid fall where no one has a right lo com
plain. In a few e.xes where the people are
ignorin', ol t':e ’.: v . t -re will be bar; -l-;p ;
but there will bo veiy lew. lu nearly even
' care ihe law wii! op-rale equally mid justly.
Tho tax law w ill aid very largely in making
the Cmron v Act opeiato justly. A heavy im
post is levied ou properly and prelim, and this
is payable iu four per cent, bond* which cau
lH>b id bfttvio the first of April for the present
C'tirreuo-y. of thirty-three per cent on
tb» Confederate notes cau ttiurefore l«e avoiderl
by fun ling in fair per bonds, since these
cm be used, for paying taxes. Iho tax being
Urge, tho oppouuniiy te.offered to every cue
to escape tho cauvn.-y tax entirely by exoliaug
lag bis note:-promptly for Ihe four per cent
bond* Theh riders of Confederate note* lan
net only fur Ito toe- 1 tin ir own taxes, but to
sell to other* "No wiil orcr’ook or postpone
funding until it i? too late. A* the=e persons
wll probably be numerous, tho bonds will
command a fair price, they may deriii e be
low pfti atr6 >. and to t; -.1 extent the purcha
ser will lose. Bit tho dem md will 'o-> so great
t'.’.at theyiftu depte into very little below the
no k currency, 'thus all who choose to fund
their notes cau »v 'id the currency t ix or suffer
but a trilling loss by funding.
Borne poisons speak of vr.;s tax a* ;i it wete
repudiation. Put most goxwsrments have
tax- and their O'vn securities. Even England itu
posesan lucerne tax on their consols, and when
this tails on their own people no one cun com
plain The tax u« iuaecil heavy, but as the
law rnakin: power has always discriminated
on the subjects of taxation, a iarge percentage
on the currency is no more repudiation than a
heavy tax ou banks or factories. Ihe tax
payer cannot escape or evade it. it falls upon
the rich more he ivily than on the poor, ’t
reaches a 1. it is pioduclive ; bri ig* iua Uige
revenue ami lias very many ot the elements of
a good tax. Votlitb* principle of the Act and
its details and it pi-.icih-al wciks, -cviu tatf
tiontly arise and I'Oin tleml.
The elf Cf v the law Etas' be to lower prl
eea very largely. The currency will be re-*
duoed to tiio limit :t had reached m Novem
ber l»t. and priee« being prcasured iu the
j average by the amount of circulation raurt
i decline to the rates then current. They ca is!
come back there and slay there, because tho
currency w ill bo relieved from th.ciuatl a end
I/.' a.- steady as if it were gold or silver. Vaii.v
tioas in pricss will Mill occur, but thev 1 v.iil
bo tbo effect of local or xeuerai - -i: city and
j tiieir average nuiot be those of Novem'u i '
_ .
j Ihe benefits of this law to the Government
j will be very great. They will be able to b fry
-it lower price,; there will be no need of Ira
! pre /rnents; they will pay the market rat a for
i wbat they buy ; and harmony will be restored
| between the CuUsOiLsary department and pro
duceis.
'i'o the bc. inrvs cotnmnriity, the advantages
•vlll Le none the less, for nothing is i»oie de
siiablo to tra/le than a stable and invariable
currency. Change and uncurl.,iuty are ruin
ous to enterprise an.l Industry. A rise or fall
i in the value of the circulation disturb all the
calculations of the merchant and the rnanu
factifTer, and though tin, cutm.cy will still
jexp'irnl and pri. vsbc birds, if it steady
and unchangeable, papi-r doc* as well as gold.
On the whole tbo act will prove to be good ;
one, and we anticipate from it the very hr.!
i crults.
! bkvc k ipo\ tiiK Bitixciri/Es sir irto.
J .Such, in a few words, Li the ‘-body of U ,c
--; tiiue,’’ eonlained iri the peace resolutions of
] Hon. I.intou Stephens, fntioduccd into the tlea
j oral Assembly of the Coirmon wealth ofGeot
<4in. Such, in u few wolds, U the pcini official
interpr,Cation of that portion of the message ol
tlic Lhieculive which deals with the question oA,
peace. Sued,, in a few words, is the language ]
used by tin, lender in the lower House, of the :
Governor’s policy, as the solution of the great <
American conflict.
After eighty four years of peaselc-s agitation i
ao l three years of unnatural and unparalleled •
war fare, the Aineticau people-North and south, j
Hast am ! Y9fwt —are beginning to uppr« iat<- j
the prophetic wisdom of Fatrlck llenry, George
I Macon, Rawlins Lowndes, Luther Martin, and
[ ihe other leaders of the State Pfights Whig par
itv of 177 ft. Tuy, teachings of French Democra
cy, the lust of consolidated Empire, and the love’
! oi splendid political niisoiy, have worked out
in North .Ywcricaas in Europe, in South Amer
ica an l Mexico, a harvest of revolution, (Too i
.-h-’d. political degradation and aortal crime.
('ojnpr lumdtug clearly the whole subject
matter, Govern, r Brown h:,;, elaborated in it
; matchless Slate paper the doctrine set forth in
I the (.’ongressiomit address, to wit : That ibe
i S ulli is prepared to ucc, pi terms of peace from
tiie conservative party of tiie North upon ihe
| ;eeoguttiuu of the principled' Stale sovereign
ty arid State Mr. Stephens, in
bis resolutions cantos forward the spirit of 'lie
Congressional address aud the Governor's mes
sage to their logical oo®se<|ireutes. Ur giv-i*
them a practical and payable signiiie alon.-
Tbe piinclpleH of I77i>, upou which the Amor!
can f.'aiou ot our Kevolntionary Iweftth *rs was
founded, uro evoked iw tho common ba:d* of
par Ifiestion betwe u tho co.itending States.
The peherne of 17,-5 has cu minaled ?
bloody uiasouiiion. It lias bsut abrogated by
tl e r : re-igu brutes of the Sou lb. and trampled
under foot by tho free negro b runt at \Yr,-h
--i.igtou. la this mighty conflict the Issue is
mu i o ed down to a choice between Domo-. vatic
c.imiwlldatlon supported by tho sword, or the
restoration to tho States of their rig! ts upon
the ancient, revolutionary principles of 1 *’7 -.
‘This is the grand aggi " -Ive idea, which 1 1 1 <•
Georgia policy', infuses Into the stmg le. Ibo
ekilioration of this idea bv Ilia press and tlis m .;ii
tli" exciting debites wliir-h will occur.it Mil
ledgevilk*, lorm nuturally the p elude to the
inerensed u ritatlon at Kiehmond iu the next
Congieds, and at the North in tho next Presi-
dential cb ■'' ion. Tho subject is a vast one- and
brings up the whole question of good govern
ment on this continent and the inevitable, no
ce.-sury. nmi Vrovldentiai relation of the South
to American progress and civiliz ition. /J'isd
Southern mlud begin* to take a clearer view
of the necosaityfor ft broader statesmanship, a
more enlarged humanity, a profounder upon -
eciation of our duty and otrr destiny. Os luct.
tho great American icvoliifion whic h shakes
the wcild to it* centre, has i ulmnated. Rese
ction North and South has supervened. Tie
reaction iu both sect! ins is in tlic direction of
i-ttalc rights, as the only barrier against mili
tary despotism. ».
Wo ink.- tins occasion to enforce upon the au
thorities at Alilledgeville, and indeed upon eve*-
vv mau who now feels that webaveat la-t eu
ored upon tin path tr> an honorable peAco. that
tlie fundauu-ntal condition precedent to su-vi as.
consists iu successful military resistance to Lin
coln and hi* free negro paity.
Righting tjins against a wickia! iiaushmoi
tho-c sovereign P'tates and in vindication of the
American jii iiu ipb- of 177 1» ; calling upon the
conservative men ofihe North of all parties to
rally with us to pnt down Puritan fanaticism
and llriiijli free negro ism on this continent,
the certain triumph of onr arms in support,
of such »t itesmanship, is simply a question ol
time. Providence will prosper the piluciple.
The Ac.i:k lin tit u. Ke*iH uc'cs ok the Sovth
arc most ample. Hoj soil is tiirii and fertile : |
her iHim.i* - is mild and salubrious , and her
people should avail themselves ot tlicse advan
tages to the fullest extent. We should be tin j
agricultural ns well as a commercial nation.
Heretofore, we have not paid suffici-nt ati>n- ;
lion te* tflling' the soil. We were content to |
pled along, doing a little farming, but buying ;
cnir produce very largely abroad, Tbe war will j
serve n gi od end if it awal.ena u- to tbe real :
value of our sunny land in connection with an
improved and careful system of agriculture.
We can raise all that we need within our area,
lltn land* are os valuable in tin* properties ,
ivlii, h stimulate cropsthose <»t ativ country.
Vequation with us is remarkably vigorous,
rapid and luxuriant. We have only to tickle
the earth with the hoc audit laughs with a
Uorveat. Much of onr soi.l. it i-* -lid. is worn
out -exhausted by an impoverishing and persis
tent course of tillage. True, but tin- land can
I be r;.vl*imed, aud -iiould be reclaimed at once.
: A large portion of our land, however, is es yet
v.h-n may be denominated the virgin soil,
which has been as yet undisturbed by the plow j
or hoe. T.et us see that of this soil is at i
once made available. I„>t a force aLo be put '
to wotk on our plantation*. adequate to keep ;
the whole under cultivation, and we shall j
more than double the amount ot focal crops
this year—the very year when we shall most
need such crops. Now that our agriculturists
| are compelled to raise larg ly oftlie neee-saries
j of life, it will be worth observing how much
i tno resources of the soil can be developed
; and how tnueh corn, or wheat, or other cereals,
1 can bo grown per acre. The result, woven*
true to say, vonld astonish the most sanguine,
i it.wlil be so much In excess of their expec
| rations. m
There was a seme storm in New Orleans,
j Feb. IS.
AUGUSTA, GA„ WEDNESDAY MORNING. MARCH 23, 1804.
rifTbiCMsirrixj i\ j \i;k-ov
J.;; rtssot;, (in, March’.-!, 1854.
A meeting of the citu-ms of the county
having 1... a previously culled, and the follow
; committee appointed to report on Judge
V. rigid's i e-a in lions, viz : I> M Bunts. J. h
Hr.; i. 11. ! ackson, N. W, Caritb-Ts. Harris Sau
, .1 ('. fshocklcy an i If. C. Giddens, I>qs ,
aha me.'!,: the following report, wh’ch wa
; ana ni.-.ijs,y adopted ami ordered to be publish
j e : , . t'Ath >r s newspapers, when the meet
j ii.g n .jcurmd, subject to the call of the Chair-
I tnr.a.
! Ik f follow!,-jg is the report of the ccrnmit
tee :
- ia tbs exercise of tho constitutional right
pe'Ceai.;y to a-:-.cn,!.'e together—a light sa
, f-r>.u to free.nen—a portion of the pc-opio of
c .ciriy have to d-v nu t for the pur
!, -- -of t J.- ig in o comide.ation tlio pre-ent
f.j of the cci.'.try—r.ot to form new parties,
I ’ t. invite i'ie whole People oi the Country, i
v • • c'*:..dvii.ey to unite wita us in. an
hone-: ciioit: > susfuiu the Government in re
peliinrc Ujr \ o. i-,1 invasion of our soil by
Atobii'n la:. fi.-« , And while doing so, to
j give to the com-ervatUe pcojde of tin: North
lyh mii n---; mi: :. -s that whenever they .put
I down tin -0 uoW in power and s,ro willing to
I rtiak, pe e upon • let ms, the Peo -
,dt ~i lh N.c.iih will I/O re civ to co operate
wirii timm in ,sh e-t-nt to bring to a close.this
j ■ i uel find blood}' ror.
In ashng the;:'feliow-cifh'ens to unite cov
dially ivitti ti.cni it, tirt*great work, jour Com
mittee are aw <etl t chores have been made
to , c.".t odium up, :i tho e who look forward so ;
i l .oven iii i rcincte possibility, branding i
them us ‘tc con-Huotiouists.'’ They unquali- |
tiedly pioimiHKe t Iris charge to be utterly false. I
And whatever ui ty have been the original dif
ferences of opinio,' among Georgians as to the
policy ol Immedi iff* sect s-icu, or however we
any dii rin ivgavd to ii now, all are resolved
thiii, Ihe old ( , mu.on wealth having taken tin.
step, her eiiizen# will - rcriflco all tliey possess
in fhc maintenance of tin; Bouthera Confede
j rac-j a* a s-pii! ate and iudeptudent nationality.
: i ia... arc defernrim ii o> "lake no steps back-
I wards.”
! But while heafiily advocating a vigorous
prosecution of she war, your committee ure
aware tint it cannot last alwaya. It must term
inate some day. Tiiure tire but two modes by
which ■ ■ ■'■• -It, -stciils can bring it to a close*:
•tnd ' ■ ■ fote::.'u intervention is concerned,
the in • ouuuiiie have agau toned all such
hopes a- , r-'vaary. it no; I. therefore. ),e set
fled either by negotiation or the utter subjuga-
, ■! a, oi ;.-.riy or the other. There is no
I ;nan JH' U’- 't.o as to believe that wo can sn'ijn
{ga u the N(trll); while, on the other hand, ev
► ety man. woman «;J cliild in pur ‘x-uirny
; land” i- !n!(y det-. twined, tha!, God being our
hf-iper, tl.e hated invader never sbuli subjugate
q-! 'll,is, (hen. loaves tn-gntiaiion :w the only
means ot scitlcmeni. ‘‘To this eOtfipdcxion
mart it come at last ” All tho good which
tighting can do F tu produce a frame ot
'“ind its will prep,i... the belligerents for peace.
dHcry Lie sacrificed after this result has been
arTYewd is, morally, a murder!
Are not both star- satiated with the “carni
val of blood 7” Is the smoke of l,Killing cities
, and itlial liamk-tc a weet savor any longer?
_ v :•> he ij so: haggard .slain and hecatombs of
bleftching nkeietoiia delightful pictures to gaze
upon ,’ Are iho wails of widowhood and the
cries of orphanage pleasant u-usie to tiieir ears?
-,( ho . i ?\e hee.i I sickens at llcecontomphi
lion ol these lliings! !
Bu > Ui Government cannot, and the Aboli
tion Government will not make ovoi lures of
pear. Must Die I'eoplc sufiet hi) wilLout nia-
Uin-.: a sit. .1 effort <o stay.lheeffusion of blood, j
, • e.o]i Nieroice of iheir brothers, latum
ami husuHiids.* f m hid it, Ih avuii!
A’ ci-;,l i.g to R e best iiifonnat!on we can
ohtmu lb.: oonstrvaiivo men of tbo North arc
V(i; i,„ Vi: -t • ; -e.- 07 ; v.e.l) L_
Ray 100.-, ii". I ■•lie.: In the to mining struggle
for the Presidency in November, they will
make a gie .t i luu t !•> overthrow tho fanatical
luiiug powta, n. iy d’Uoki ii with bl iorl, and
restore peace to a .bleeda .. iai.d How can
they hope to .! ~i. ii-ii,; :i3 their opponents
daisy pv-.-uaiiu tint ihere is nobody at the
doll! i ng I • i peace. To gi the
i-ousoi vaiivc pea re pas ty i> aund upon which
io stand--and not lor tin; purpose of creating
divisions lit homo —your Committee rc-pect"-
htliy ' ail up an all good dti a.n-., of whatever
!'■ 'it v-Ml <-a ■! -n tbe past, to join with them in
Hie adoption ol ibo ioilotving vesobitions :
1. 1!i:so!.v«d, That we recognize it as onr
primary duty to sustain tbe Government in the
hi - t vigorous r tiortc to rejiel the invasion of
"iirsoi! and to oompel th; Abolition toe to v».
tire from it.
- K:-siu.vi:r>, Tb;it while Acknowledging our
desire to repel the fanatical invaders, we uro at
tho same time ready to make an honorable
peace with jbe conservative men of tbe North.
3. Rwsot.Yi.jj, That ootertaining these views*
■we n (Oft that the Coiifederato Congress failed
to pa - resolutions ut its late session, embody
ing subsiaace ; and that, it Judge
W right's r S'diitions were ambiguous, as alleg
ed by,some, pflitis ought to have been adopted
free from al! ambiguity.
4. Ivimolv;:i>, That we instruct our Hupre
-ent.'-td e |,i Coiigi'ess to offer resolutions when
that Hotly shall a amble in May next, dis
‘tniutly embodvitg the idea, that while we
shall ■ eiiidnue io light the bated fanatics with
ever', meat s which Providence Las placed
within our reach—.joieiraiiied never to be con
qnered by them -ve are always ready to treat
for peace with the i .nservalivo men of the
North.
•>. Resoi.vmi. Tli " we fi-spcctftilly invite all
of our feilivv-citi. -as of 11-e Sato to meet at
theirn-sj".stive Court Houses before the meot
iu , of the in xt. Congress, and give public rx
presskm to iin ir views on this subject.
i). M. Ri rns, Chairman.
A L». PiTTVt.vx, Secretary.
Titr. Anti Sruui he I.aw:—Some twenty
. ams ending in she in I'- rim Court of this coun
ty on wuts ot trfjtitx brougiit by persons
who bad furnished übstiuiies, lo rest the con
stiivtieuaUty «t 1 • *.er of Congros* placing
teem in military st !\ i ;e, wore disposed of on
Mon.lay.
'l'lie petitioners were represented by Judge
Lav. and lb n. T. E. Lloyd, the Govenrmentpy
Henry W iHiau.s, Lsvi
Mr. William.* a ,;ived that the law wax con
stitutional aud strictly w thin the legislative
powers of Congress; t-bat tho error iu all the
arguments agaii the law consisted in assum
ing that liit* cons; ri j.;. acts c rented the liability of
the cili'cu to mi! : ■ y s.-.vi.’o. and tililt cerl.iin
new rights m. i spiang from them
110 slated the i.uiowh.g to be the tnie view of
i tb question :
During i\ war between two countries all the
citizens of one are j!;.-* enemies of all the oiti-
I zoic ~f the ;■■■;. t~t tho law of nations forbids
( indtsevirui ate act- id in utility by individuals,
: ami rev i:.o or., tuiz.vtlon of armies to car
; n on the v ~r. Ail t! citkteosof a belligerent
; nation are liable, ti-t I > tho G ivesninent, but
j mntuc.lly toeach other, to military
service, by virtue of a fund n;.- fetal principle of
the so, tel compact uv? rly iug all a»n-:ituti -ns
i and laws. Tin.- e.-nsrripi. acts were passed by
1 'ongrts* -r* t: r. ut . t'u pe -pie, under t'.ni
coii-ritoti'i; l ! pi.avr "to v:\bo and support
urtui' S. ’ and cal* - s-go the c! ; : *-.-s ol
persons already liable y*. noli; :v set vice who
were ne-'d«d a; tbe t.ue'. The exemption
! granted by the acts to ih.-e who i . uiria.-d
sutstitutes v,as r,ot u ve- cd. !•. :t, lot a per-
revoke whenever a uecoscity existed 'o do so.
of which necessity Congress tee Judge. Th • j
privilege so given does uofvTc:<t * ; c ntitu. of j
exemption for a defnnite or indefinite time, be- ;
cause c ongress has no right to c-ntec into a j
contract with any individual cii • which
„ oa t.; imrc.ir the .h]b -'ion of the implied cot:- i
tract between all the i. iiitcr.s to render inutu- j
i ai assistance in time of war. ' Furnishing a :
: substitute was no caristderatiou to support such
i a contract, because both principal and snbsti- i
tnte were already liable to service under the j
fund;.mental Ift a before the ptaine of the c'on
; script a. rs. The contract bet ween the princi
pal and bis sohfttiiute was or-, entered into at j
tie ir own r>k es subsequent legislation, mod
-iiyiugor J r rat ng it the Govern-i
went or the country had anything to do with the
consideration -go ed ui <m between the parties.
Finally, the right of exemption contended lor
by tno opponents of the law would convert tho
exer lseo the pxxwor to "raise ard support
j armies into a nsenas of diminishing and de
, striving them.
i TUe petitioners were remanded. The case
will. we ieotn oe taken to the Supremo
j Court.—'idvaimr'i „\V*r.«. Mvch 3
FROM FLORIDA.
Th * Yankees, who were eommnuded by Col.
Guy Henry, were, oue regiuieot c-t mounted
iafantiy, one of cavalry, and t vopiocea of
artillery.
In their retreat the Yankees loft at Camp
hianegiin a quantity of clothing, wagons and
; provisions. ,
At Barbour's they had built a large stockade j
work, and around Baldwin they felled trees
and twisted telegraph wires about thorn, to im- j
pede the advance ot our troops.
Persons living on the line of road through
which the Yankees pascod on their wsy to Lr.ke
City, state that out of two full regiments of
blacks who passed up, but about iid of the
. number returned on their retreat.
Gens. Beauregard, Gardner, Finnegan, Col- ]
| guilt, and Taliaferro, were at Camp Finnegan
jon Wednesday last. Gen. Fatten Andersou
! was also expected, there.
Many Yankee deserters aro jvasidcrlng 1
through trior ida, and when op, port it-. Ay ofifn
come into Cur camps. Some of them are ia a j
wretched condition, and report that they hare
been .nearly starved since they deserted. They
assert that their black allies are terribly fright- f
ened since the battle at Ocean Pond, in which i
'hey wore nearly all cut to pieces. The negro !
regiments trom Ponhsylvania and Massacbu- j
salts, which entered the battle with full ranks, ■
and were forced on by the Yankees behind
thorn, now do not number more than twocoin
panies each. Tho prisonous state that their of
fteers assured them that th -y would meet with
: uo opposition in their march thiough tho State,
I and that in a few weeks they would occupy
Tallahassee, and esttblish a government there,
when each soldier would bo entitled to a farm
for his services in conquering tho State. Some
had even gone so for us to write to tiieir families
in the North, advising them to make arrange
ments to move South. Porn deluded wretches,
many of them have til ready taken "pre-emp
tion fights” to Florida lands, and now eccnpv
them undisturbed at Ocean Pond,
A number,of wounded soldiers have arrived
in Savannah from Florida. They were all
wounded in the battle at Ocean Pond, and
having received furloughs, are on'tiieir way to
tiieir homes. They report all quiet in the vi
cinity of Lake City. Some of .them who loft
Tallahassee during tho past -ween report that a
great irtany of the Yankees’ white and black
prisoners, who were wounded in the late batti,-
at Ocean Pond, and taken to Tallahassee, have
died o: their wounds. The prisoners are most
ly foreigners, Germans, Irish, Fweeds, & 2. A
f"W are natives of the Northern Slates.
The negro prisoners at Tallahassee, with few
exceptions, olai-na to He from the North, and as
sert’ that they are members of the, Massacbu- !
setts and Pennsylvania regiments, but many of j
them arc lolleved to iw from South and North
( avolina.
A gentlemanjpst from Sparta, Ala., stales!
(hat it was expected at that place that aVeder- j
at raiding patty would soon move from Mil- I
ton. I-la., to attack Sparta and Evergreen.— ■
The lovces engaged in the movement are vu
moted lo be only about six bundled,
Savannah papers of tho !Hb state that all
was quiet in Luk Oily and in the immediate
neighborhood of Jacksonville, according to re
ports of returned soldiers.
It is stated that on Saturday last March Oth.
a Yankee picket guard of aome twenty moun
ted cavalry approached our lines, and suddenly
wheeled round and retired at full £peed.
A portion of onr army wa:; drawn up In line
of battle or Saturday night ; and remained iu
that position uutll Bunday morning, appreiu-n
--ding an attacV: from the enemy. Our pickets
are two and a half inifes beyond Qodur Croek,
It is not believed that tho enemy have been
reinforced since the battio at Oceaii Pond.
At'a placo -called Dead Man’s Bey. ea t!;o
South coast of Florida, a party of the enemy,
including a number of deserters, recently det
troyod ail tho salt works in that vlciuity. The
1 homos oouniy salt worifH lost from 12,000 to
15,000 dollars in sr.it, salt pass, works, &x
Another parly of about .80 deserters are en
camped on the coast, and supply tho enemy
with bec-f, fro They are all well armed vrith
guns and ammunition, supplied by the enemy.
Mcnsuies have been taken to disperse them. ’
Our forces In Fast Florida arc concentrating
a few miles from Jacksonville, aud engaged in
buihliug stockade forts.
Tlte result of the Yankee raid on the West
Goose Crock' salt works resulted iu the total
destruction of the works at that point. The
enemy landed from their barges and captured
all the white me& and offered freedom to the
negroes there engaged, but out of seventy ne
groes only two went with them. The Yankees
sent by ting of truce to St. Marks to the C. 8.
steamer Spray three of tho white nv n captured
wkfl were over age, they report that the ne
grres were made to break up and destroy the
salt works M tho point of the bayonet.
The Yankee commander of the fleet off St.
Marks is Com. Hominy.
The salt makers at EabtTtiver have organized
themselves, and received arms' from Governor
Milton for the purpose of defending their woi ks.
it is reported (hat the Yankees have been rein
forced .at Jacksonville, and a light is looked for
at any moment,
The Yankees, have fortified themselves wv
strongly in Jacksonville, and have thrown out
their pickets three miles from that point. Our
pickets are now within four miles of Jackson
ville.
Iu the late tight at Ocean road the official
report plates that onr loss is eightv-one killed
and seven hundred and twenty-three wounded
—about fifty have since died. JTbe Yankee loss
is one thousand nine hundred killed, wonudM
atul prisoners. We captured five pieces of ar
tillery, two thousand stand of arms and one
stand of colors.' There are two hundred and
fifty Yankee negro prisoners at Tallahasse. and
numbers are dying daily from thoir wounds.
- The Florida Telegraph Line is again in work
ing order from Savannah to the following points
in Florida; Baldwin, Sanderson, Lake ( kv,
.Madison and Tallahassee. The Yankees de
stroyed but, five miles of the Hue, which has
siiy.e beei. thoroughly repaired.
FIL M CIVi H BABT TKA.Vkua.-BK..
At last accounts Longstroet’s army had been
materially btrengtheneii by conscript enroll- ,
mi :it, In (ho teglou of his operations and by VC- !
emits, even ol whole companies of cavalry si u :
time from Kentucky.
,\u intelligent soldier immediately from!
Lougstreet’s army, who left that command be
lore Sis letiremcnt to Greenville, say* that
seven bundle i Yankees were a urruked and
captured on o\ about the 10th of Foburary,
below Knoxville. Cumberland Gap was gar
ris<*ntsl with a somll Yankee force, and theen
emv were still in Knoxville. The small pox
had somewhat subsided in the town. The
counti* was almost entirely destitute of forage.
According to last accounts LongstrecFs arruy
wus at Bull's gap or Uogerville junction, which
is the key to the valley that runs from Bristol
to Knoxville, following the course of tbe Wa
tauga and Holstou. The morale ol the army is
unimpaired.
With few exceptions the entire army lias re-
I'uJiste 1 for tbe uar. Humphrey’s Mississippi
brigade but off’ in the work by re enlisting for
forty years or the war which was followed by
it ihol'd'* brigade which. unanimously gave
their approbation of the measure by substitut
; ing foriy-one years or the war.
The army at present is in fine condition and
jin Hax spirits; also well elaSi No provisions
! have been furnished, ibein the past four month*
! except those < dh-cted within the department,
j Maj. Gen. Buckner is in command of tiie
; front."and Maj. Gvu. Ransom, ini command of
I the cavalry.
Gen. Mm tin's division of cavalry has been
sent to Gen. Johnston’s army.
The country is now pretty well cleared of
Federal bushwhackers.
Scouts from k ngston, Tenn.. report the town
garrisoned by a Federal negro regiment and a
few companies of white men, ail under the
command of Col. Bird.
Consc-ipiiori is vigorous!year - led oiviri upper
East Tennessee, aud every able bodied uiaa
will soon 1)0 in service.
A cavalry siatmiah took place at the of
i Cbnnkey river, March 2.
Gen. F. C. Armstrong has bean transferred
' t,» Gen. Polk's Depaitment. Col. GL G- De
brell commands his old Division.
O ir cavalry are in excellent condition.
It Is believed by some tjiat a frat)d move
eject is ca foot.
FROM TIT FRONT.
! jha rumor tha US > 1 -.a:.. is fortifying Ring-
Ifu Jl ‘ * i-, P »’•' • •'Anre. They live merely
i thrown up .v>mo tcm-oraiy breastworks on
; aavli-’s Rid k
j , - ,il I’huio 1:. •. mo ■•(•ittided were seat into
j onr lines ur-h.u . , of truce. Whi > ttnange
i men*.- v cr« I >; • or. >;o rccoiv •.: cm. 'ever
i a. of tbo bankets t :-k advaataso of the occasion
1 to induce or two c.f our men .to doiert, of
. Soring th bribesu-.d every in iucoment, thus
J grossly violating tbc Nf’. i.,y o; tl;c !i ,g. One
j *>t cur rnen *n••,«• cqu e’••y- ~n i -h ~an bc
lor.’ rgtoO, ”. Flu:., ' C” 'r. Ku'. our Put
j told them lie had «rytTiag ;a tha wov.-i ho
! wanted, with plea tv «f ttoaey, and af os
j country, wher > vra did r.ot pat < iir white m< n
j on a par with the i.r-gefs, or put thu uageis to
command white men I
The Atlanta Cciif-Ucra'iy ?ay-; :h:i telegraph
ic 1 ine-s have boon re established ' ■ Ct u. u. Hi!!,
at which point on cißuunt operator has been
stationed, a::d cat a. wc believe, .arc, by this
time, running through i<j the ■ as ; -hit*
We untlet-tand tiiat Itag Geucr-il Marcus
A. Wright, of tho Arm" c? Tennewca, has
been assigned to the command cf ti c post of
Atlanla.
On Saturday last. Win hn’.-ik'uvn.h-y attacked
tho enemy near Ringgold, cud a!.,-.- a lively
fight, drove them buck virh consi icrabie loss,
we having succeeded in r-p.arjug a > am -:r of
prisomufl.
On Saturday morning HtKnc’.a ce.valry brig
ade attacked tho Yankee-: at Wood s Station,
and drove tl:o;o from ti:- ir pos.ticn 'IMro Yan
kees tied prccipiraioty. YYu 1: ■ t on-: kiiie.i, and
took seven prisoners.
; Tn the latendalr near Daltfe:i, Captain Macon
General Clayton’j A. A. G.,-camt mar being
i captut'.- i. Ilia horse ran av.-ay with him and
! wits going direct for the enmity's line—the
j Captain disengasud his feet firm the stirrups
j and jumped off, not two hy'iuvcd yr.rds horn
! the enemy. Fcrtnuat iy !.••• fcil :.n n new g; aw
and escaped injury and <■ ipl:;:Next ,1 v a
> anxee ofticcr was - en ::o;• i ,bo h
An armv office bus b eu ,v! •.ulbh, 1 for the
heuelit of Gen. Tofinstoii's army, and letters
sent through that, iiiec u:c o>.i.:h nvua; certain
to reach their dostinatlv-n th>u if d.roctcd to
Dalton—therefore let, all letter * t - directed,
insie:i,J of‘‘Da ton Geo gia,” tints--" Army of
Tennessee.’ ’
Lieiit-Gen. HA ><l is at D iiion,- in command
of his old cos p,s.
It is rumore I that Gen. Jlindmau lias* cer
tainly resigned.
A splendid mil Mary brid.ip' i<: Knag con
structeil over the ri. or ut I>j!-
tonville, Ga , seven miles fsoi.i At.antu, and
will be tiuishJd in the course of next week.—
This bridge is 500 feet Img and fifteen feet
wide, allowing wagon trains to pass each ot her
going and coming.
Some titty des rim and refugees liavo been
airesied near the lines of Folk and Paulding
couo-tiers, Ga, -
The troops have all ben neuiy clad, and pre
sent a very tine appear it-ce.
To say that Gen. Johnston i* idolized by tl>e
array i* but to giv e a just idea of their feeling
for him
The army has been renovated throughout.
Tho artillery lias been ennui! c l into regi
ments and placed tiudor the command of skill
ful officers, which wiil give Tiew life and vigor
to this valuable arte of the service.
Murfreesboro, Lebanon and Bhelbyrillo are
garrisoned by negro tvo.-i-am! negro schools
for all uadci seventeen are being ts' d-lishod
ihrongbout that country by the pltia alhro pisls
of Yankeedom.
A general crtHw • in r'- a published
which prohibits ;tu i.-flivov trmn cre drg ike
guard ins? except ; !.;is oa LI ■ . arms, and
then uoi exceeding a dlsr.uu e <)' uro hundred
yards without a v-c-s from brig.. :’ Lead quar
tern.
Tho main Rtvlv of the r';r"« i t rb.affs
noogi with a heavy torco at Gtovc-land and
Ringgold.
Early Monday mornlcg a dehiciitaanh of
Yankee eavuhy "came out to a udi!. this side
of Ringgold a short distoi: ?e, br.l iu-arisdialfly
foil bur!, upon ear • ■«-airy r'aair ap
pearance. No coilisiou occ-ure-'t.
Fit 'AIH.tfeUSSIPPi.
We havo most ffheoang «cevuats from our
troops in Gen. Folk sand p iiUie-uc, i. . i deem it
prudent to be mum, for t .o.pie.-« ut.
Gen. 3. L>. Lee haa gone to join Gen. VT. H.
Jackson’s command at Canton, Miss.
Gan. Forrest his gone tr> rujoin bis com
mand. lie will soon make anofiher giand
oavalry raid into Muhlio and West Tennessee.
A force of liv'd or six hundred negroes are
hard ut work repairing the damagou done to
the var.one railroads by the Frderrd.s.
Tho tele:;iaph i* worh.hig :is f;v Meridian.
It is reported that a Blip e will soon woe
cupy the place.
Brig. Gen. Bus .rcl Is to"t;:k'i command of a
Division of cavalry under For re.
Brig. Gen. Frank Annstr.ong iu to I tke com
mand of a Brigade of c.ivtdry tiuilur Gen. S.
D, Let).
Gen. Polk captured h Jtoy with important
dispatches frem General ILiMburt to Sherman.
It is said he wiil.be. hung.
West Point, Mi?:?., vw do-dr- jed 1-y the Fed
eral*, Feb. 27.
A Federal spy wa» detecl--il ec Do f'oto. Feb.
28th'. It appears that be. 11 made tbe ac
quaintance of a-widow there on .Saturday, mar
ried her on tho same day, riln oil and was cap
tured by the assistance of dogs on Sunday.
The outlaws and deserters in Jones county
are increasing in numbers daily, and are be
coming more "bold iu their plundering.opera
tion.*.
The people along the Hue <.f Sherman 7 *
march were returning ft) their home*, and en
deavoring to accommodate themselves to exist
ing oiveumstanoes us best they could. Many of
the planters were without teams, npdjiad but
little help left, but their wants would be sup
plied by Glow? in the did rids no’ overrun to a
sufficient extent to enable them to put in ft
crop sufficient tea- their own e,, - itie*.
A large number c,f Federal transports came
down the Hvar to Vicksburg, diriving there
simnltaneonsiy with the arny of ,\-!.e; man. aud
the inference .’* fair they me to bo us«-d to
transfer that army to auoth.-r point. Where
will they turn up. i the cpi.-tion. 7 i? thonyht
that they are tie tb.ed to rebiforco- Thonnt'?'
army at Chattanooga. 'J't e F• LrM - rat .-t have
more troops there b- fare they can advance.
It ia stated tb-.t the Fedc-fal* f-toic about
tbirtj-flvo hondr.il neja-oes din tug flit ir late
march through Missis*ii pi,
FBOJI M'Jvl’H f VOOLIAV.
One of the Federal vessels dissevered a
blot kuder on Saturday and . avcthr.o. The
Federal craft ran 'cut a roe;- ,off dr The
blockade! arrived safely at her wlit rx ia Wil
mington.
OnSaiurday merging, Col. Sls-’r : yk, cpmman
ding at Bald iltad, suudi of iiio Y-ttikce
ships three or four times «n : fromtbe qrimtidn
on board, and the crow,ling of around
her. it is quite probable that she is in apnea-,
rlon* condition.
It is said that the r anke blofk.i ie off Wil
mincton hp.s been increased veiv recently by
throe addldona! vessels, amr.Dg thern the mm u
! talked-of double enfler jiteamer Eautaw. tbe j
fastest vessel in the Yankee few I arqi by I
| their account ibe fastest war v % ssei
Botlt ends are alike, !•: ■■ ,1 , ( . ■ Uc.,.
j she can run either way* with equal IT; iiity. j
| Hon. S. If. Pickett, congressmen eks-ri from ,
j the seventh North Carolina Dl-wic*. is dead. |
EftOM TB.t.\S.VIi- ri!g :!m.
The last account* represent ,ene, 1! Price to
be only a few miles back of V,’- -l iuglou, Ark.,
with a line nrmy—number- ii ;* needb-ss, for
well known reajbns, to name, i.- emr i-: in
line plight and most exe rile-: i r.p;, its.
j Lieut. Geu. Kirby Smith has r-' ally been
promoted to (Federal ami are given toe <-. m
mand of alt the Tra.i* - *'.l Department.
I-leut. Gob Holme* au ; . . n>. - >r, to re
port to Richmo-.fi. Mi l Geu. Pri« •- s
him in the command 01 ■ “ tr-. o;-. 1 toe :,.<ld
a,i<cM t-’Hatti.Eistc.y.
Lieut.. Dixsjn. who ble'v v p the H: ’ on
the night, of the 15. an t. in; n nl <:G »r,
■ was either .cat or captured i > t r ••t.enty «m
i his return. Ha was last s--a <•;.. leg >u toe
! direction of Fortjjutnter, boiw-.ea wßj«m r ad
himself wore two lines of the * n-.my a p . net
: boats. It wis expected th " is fate would be
| uoertriaed by the u«.v flag of Gate.
VOL. LXXVIII. —NEW SERIES VOL. XXVIII. 0.12
FROM VIRGSVIA.
Tho Court of Appeals ot Virginia have decid
, ed ia favor of the ivustitutiouality oi the repeal
| of the substitute law.
Captain Fitrimgh and fourteen men crossed
the Chesapeake bay to Cherrystone wharf, in
Northamp’on county, Va , and there surprised
and captured a Yankee picket of twenty-nine
men, and destroyed a largo amount of commie
'ATy ar.d quiirtertnaster’s stores and six wagons.
0. e s-cla o: e; and two steamers wee lying at
the wharf. Ha burnt tbo schooner, bonded
one oi tha steamers, and ran tho other across
ike hay and beached it high up on the Peahke
bn-k rtver, with tho design, if possible, of sav
ins its machinery, which is very valuable.
Capta:.. F’ltahugh would have extended hie raid
beyond GUerry.-tcue, but one of bis men having
deocried, ho felt sure that the information he
would iUiuish tlio enemy would very soon bring
down an overwhoiming fores, upon his little
party'. lie returned safely without any other
casualty than the desertion mentioned.
Several incendiary fires have recently occur
red in Richmond.
CM. Sieeight and Lis party escaped from the
prison in Richmond, Feb. According to
iiu recount they,lid not leave tho city until the
H'lh, having ail this time Icmained within not
a score o! miles of the city. When these offi
cers started out from Richmond, rix days ra
tion.-; w re furnished them, and they were all
"ell armed, but by whom they were thus kind
ly treated they do r.ot stain. Those facts show
conclusively tint .there are dangerous ohurac
tors still at largo al Richmond.
!r, their lulo raid oti Richmond, the Fode
rds behaved with more than their usual fero
city and fiendishness in this hussi raid, firing
at unarmed oiiizens in tiie roads, destroying
private property without rornorso or scruple,
carrying oft noc-eombaUnts in their lilglit.
The hotels at Petersburg, Yr., are charging
thirty dollars per day for board.
The report that Mrs. Patterson Allan had
boon carried ell’ by tho Yankees, is contradicted.
She is still in Richmond.
Among those most active in the work of de
struction at Gen Anderson’s iron works above
Richmond, was a Yankee who had been libera
ted from prision there, to receive employment
in that estaolishmeut.
Gen. Bragg h<e determined to have a caval
ry force of fifteen hundred stationed around
Richmond.
The paroling of prisoners, which lias lately
been going on, has been • Tfjoted without the
interposition of Butler the whole correspo> d
entv in relation to the matter being conducted
by Major MuMorcl on the ppvt of tho Yankees,
and Colonel Ould on behalf of the Confeder
ates Butler known officially in any
matter concerning the exchange of prisoners.
Three hundred and twenty-one of the Rich
mond Y'ankto raiders have been captured,
FROM hi ORTH MISSISSIPI'I.
A Confederate officer who has for some time
been within the Federal lines in North Missis
sippi, informs the Atlanta Register that the im
pression prevails there that most of the Federal
troops will bo withdrawn from that section and
transferred to Tennessee.
Both Smith and Grierson, with what is left
of Their forces, have reached Memphis. The
Federal* have blockaded tho streets of tb6 city
in anticipation ot an attack from Forrest.
ihe late raid lei,! a happy effect, in uniting
jho people ot Mississippi, and arousing th, m
up to energetic resistance to tbo Yankees.—
Planters and 'fanners, who before were apathet
ic. Lave come forward and offered all t'ueir sub
sis ence for the use of the Confederate army.
Gen. Buckiaud, an Ohioan, v,ho is in com
mand of She Post at Memphis, has opened fret)
trade with such of tho citizens of North Missis
sippi ;;s will take in cotton.
The repot Is oi Confederate desertions induced
by Grant’* late order, are entirely untrue
Some tow soldiers have been shrewd enough to
avail themselves of it to go In and see their
families, lmt...Lave in most instances returned
again to tiieir commands.
FKOM NEW v.itI.K.JNS,
Banks’ expedition to Texas, was In command
of Gen WhitjOtt, lieu. Banks having never left
New Orleans, and that the expodition was a
complete tailnre. A large number of the
negro regiment* had mutinied while at Brazos
.Santiago, and wero under arrest there. The
first or second Metropolitan regiment, and
some other white troop*, deserted and joined
tire Juarez party in Mexico. (
Every steamboat which arrive* at New Or
leans from up the river bear.? marks of guerilla
bullets. Persons are constantly being kit ed
on them. I’ilots now charge f> oo for going up
the river and 500 for coming down.
Business i* very dull in Now Orleans. There
nro hut few troops in the city now. All the
residents, wbo ate abto are leaving for New
York or Europe.
Over two hundred negroes, who were en
gage! iu the Fort Jackson mutiny, have been
sentenced to bo shot.
I'ROIH BABV TENNESSEE.
V loiter written from East Tennessee, says
that- great distress prevails among the citizens
an,to how they shall subsist. This people are
ruined. They will be forced to ab ndon their
homos and go to soma other portion of the
countiy in order to live, provided they can.--
Many families have no means of transportation
at ail. Horses, mules and cattle are all taken
from them. Woe and misery prevails through
out tbe country. . .
There w is quite a fight at Rutledge, a few
days since. Ta« Federate were whipped.
The most flattering account* continue to be
received from I.ongslreet’s army.
FROM THE COAST’.
The Savannah News of March 7th, says that
on last Tuesday night, the lstirist., the British
chooner Sophia, from Nassau, With a good car
go for a Confederate port, arrived off Tv bee.
The wind suddenly came out strong Intuit the
westward, anil - in; was compelled to put to sea
After attempting to enter several port* to the
south ot this, she ran ashoro near Darien, and
became .a complete wreck. The schooner and
cargo w.t - owned in Savannah, with the excep
tion oka lot.of blankets, which was tho prop
e. tv of tbeStatuof Georgia.
FRO.H MEXICO.
TI,o clergy at whose invitation the French
fir*t visited Mexico, have withdrawn from the
•alliance and openly protested against the fur
ther tuoumems ot Napoleon. The document.*
riiow tha* that alliance is at an end, and that
thn chief prelates of Mexico unitedly declare
that ;i«-ir sit-; - lion is worse under French in
ten 'di«>n than it ever was under the govern
ment of Juarez.
Cotton Trade at Matajioras. —Late English
papers represent the cotton trade at Matamoras
s growing to be of considerable importance,
*Thev .speak Urns of !• :
XUc large English houses ir, Liverpool and
Manchester have now commenced to send their
ships with superior cargoes to Matamoras, where,
they dbehaigo the cargo and avail their cotton
which is brought iu the following way ; A clerk
or supercargo loaves England two 01 three
I months heforu the ship, and goes on horse- j
! baric to Eagle Pass aud lrorn there to San.\n* ;
i tonia. Texas. In Sun Antonia or another place ;
in Texas he buys tbe cotton, engages the mules i
j and trains, and th** cotton starts for Mexico;
1 mule trains arrive commonly in thirty-five days, i
. ck’ttou is berweeu live and six cents per pound
! io Texas, bul fifty j«sr cent, has to be )>aid ex
j tra as tax to the Confederate Stao s G'overn
-1 ment. The Confederate Government support*
! 1 * trade in every way. but no train ;* allowed
; ~, o-0 on the road below i.credo, tor fear it
; ..fight tali In the hands of tbe Northern troops.
; With all expenses, a pound of cotton in Mata
i m „ra= come* to twenty-one ot twenty five t eat*
but is in worth in this place thirty fiva Since
January. I **:!, about eighty or eighty-five thou
sand hales of cotton have been shipped from
here. A pound of cotton sent to Liverpool-,
after being pressed, shippe I, and every ex
p-use paid, will cost thiity-six to forty cents.
Among these most ucive m the woik of de
duction at G. n. Anderson's iror - works above
B Ls’-ond, war a Federal who had been liber
ated Jr.-jn prison theie, to receive employ tarn;
in that establishment. Again we would call
attention to tbe proprio'y oi guarding careful*
ly tbe pseudo Yankee ‘ deseiterh'' seut so weak
in various places In tbe Confederacy. These
people so often prove to bo spies or
t else got good,
FOREIGN ITEMS.
The bark Lottie tsk-Fh. laden with eleven
tons of gunpowder, arid lying in the Mersey,
Hew up a short time since. On the Cheshire
side of the river the shack was hardly felt;
but in Liverpool and Birkenhead the damage
done and the terror created were beyond imag
ination. Bolts and fragments of the ship were
hurled into Tvunmero. Tho destruction of glass
in Liverpool an i Birkenhead was immense.—
The streets were filled with ii panic-stricken
crowd, aud the utmost confusion nr vaib and
Fortunately but very lew oases ot' personal in
jury ocourred.
Earl Russell was defending himself in t'.a
English Parliament against tho attacks of the
Derby! tes.
Preparations had been completed at Parts for
the departure of Maximilian for Mexico.
Tho Groat Eastern bus beon sold to n new
company, lor ninoty-Svo thousand pounds.
Parliamentary proceedings ca tho 17th un
important.
Ibo Confederate lorn has further advanced
to
The rate of interest has been reduced by the
Bank of England front eight to see n per cent
At Liverpool on the 19th, American cotton
firm; other qualities some decline. Tho Faris
Bourse is firm. Rentes 6tif.
The Revue dos Deux Mender, contends that
France and England lose by want of sO-opera
tion, a id urges the re-establishment of :«u ac
tive alliance to avert the catastrophe which me
naces Denmark.
The Siecie (Liberal organ) demands the sup
port of France for Denmark, so shamefully
abandoned by England.
It :s stated (hat tho Monitenr has been pro
hibited publishing Prince Napoleon's anti-Eng
lish speech at the Suez cabal celebration.
T he Spanish Government has chartered sev
eral si earners to convey lour thousand troops
to reinforce the army of the Antilles,
The Mcliieland palace at Rotterdam, contain
ing' a picture gallery and museum, had beeti
burnt.
A questionable report that two first class
English houses sufferers by tho rebel cruisers, j
are about to dispatch onoof the fastest steamers j
afloat in pursuit of pirates. It is suggested I
that this may be smother Confederate dodge.
The Bank of Franco has gained lfl,soQ,ooQf.
, in specie.
Mav.rini has been indicted as an accomplice
in the late plot against Napoleon.
In tho Italian Chamber of Deputies, Signer
Since ekpreseu regret at the cundilion oi' the
Italians serving in tne Federal army, who
had been taken prisoners by tbo Confederates,
and asked if it were not possible to obtain their
release. The Minister of Foreign Affaire repli
ed that he could not employ official means,
the government of the -South not being recog
nized. lie w-.uld, however, use other means
to obtain their liberty or ameliorate their con
dition.
Tho seizure of the Confederate Vessel Tus
caloosa, at tho Cape of Gooil Hope, is con
tinned.
The “Nord” denies that a French army of
observation baa been placed on the frontier.
A conference of the ministers of the minor
German States was officially announced as
about to o(you. The Governments of Bavaria,
Saxony, Hanover ami other States were t ,7 send
representatives to Wurzburg, where tlio «infer
ence is to be held. The assembly of the nlitior
Ststcs 5s looked to with much iuteiest, as likely
to initiate a policy which may tend to break np
the Germ mic Confederation aud qubstitnte for
it two, or perhaps three, distinct centres of Ger
man State power.
('apt, Spoke-i* among tbe latest British trav
elers who have explored new places in Africa,
and have opened new sources of information
concerning the African character. Ho is a
British Abolitionist, and an active promoter of
all schemes looking towards whitewashing
Africa with British gold and cotton goods, lift'd
other elements of missionary influence aa-i
civilization. Notwithstanding bis bias ami
prepossessions, the tacts of tb& case compel
from him, as an honest observer and reporter, f
admissions showing that the African in Africa,
bond or so-called free, lias no where 1 eached iv
condition socially, physically ' i morally equal
to the average condition of slavery in these
States.
It may interest some readers to learn that
gold is still extant. Tho Bank of Franco had
170,01)0,000 francs in. bullion on the Ist Janua
ry.
Francis William C.'aulfield, 2d E irl ol Cbar
lemont, died recently at Ciontaif, in Ireland,
ngad 88. Ilia fall ter gained great celebrity in
the last century as; the leader in the Irish Vol
unteer movement, in 1773 and 1782, and as -me
of the most active promoters of Irish legislative
independence, 'and figures largely in tbe lives
of Burke, Fox v Rift anil Grattan Tbe late peer
was an amiable gentleman, holding rather ex
treme liberal, opinions, but always the steady
supporter of the Whig Ministries. Os Jnte year*
he has been, an object oi interest as the "fa hta
ofthi How* ol Lords, of which he ban been a
member three, 1805 and the last survivor of the
old Irish Parliament.’ He was a member of the
Irish Huuse of Common* from 1706 till 1733,
when he Riicpeetled to (he peerage and sat in
the JJon*i of Lo; d* in Dublin till the Union of
1801 He received the ribbon of the Order of
St. Patties in 1831.
Tbe L’utperor of Austria cUhwl the session of
the llekihsi'dtli in person, in liis speech he
took a very pleasing view of affaiis. He ex
pressed tbe hope that what, had been accom
plished in the Duchies "will secure a happy fu
ture to tbe countries whose lights have long
been violated, and will not endanger the peace
of Europe in a more extended sphere/’
The New York Titties' Paris letter says since*
Mr. Mercier's arrived from Washington, he has
joined his efforts wi th those of Mr. 1 »ayton in set
ting the Governmei it right on the state of the war
in America, and 1/as been using hi* influence to
prevent any brcivjh of international law in .on
uection wiih rebiil ships in French ports. Tbe
decision of tie Government in the cast- of the
Rappahannock has therefore been changed,
aud she will probably bo detained.
Rl.vix Tali.—in a late fojiy of the N. Y.
New*, Lincoln .is arraigned and handled without
gloves. The Immediate cause of this severe
rasping is thfb course of that functionary in tbe
reorgani/.afi*»n of tb- State Government of
Louisiana upon the ‘‘one-tenth’’ principle. Ol
this and kindred acts, the News says :
We musVqualify such acts as sheer usurpa
tioijo-au' /acious, otitninal, pdljured iisiupatioß.
I‘resider.t Lincoln lias been guilty of usurpa
tions, which if the dictatorial powers assumed
were iv#t used for his protection, would certain
ly him to impeachment aud condign
puninhment.
Lincoln is also charged by the Notvs with
having au eye single to his I. '-election in all
this movement, and the following emphatic
vv.e rring i- pi -cn him i* the concluding portion
of the article :
We ray President Lincoln that if he counts
to foist himself m this ina*ner upon the country
for a second term, bo will be grievously disap
pointed. The people see through this game,
arid will not permit it tobemiccesnfully played.
J f tie should venture, on the !th of March,
lSb.d, to reseat himself in tbe Presidential chair
by virtue of an election sectored by such a shal
low ti !• k, wo tell him plainly he cannot succeed.
There will either he lorciblb resistance, or, a3
his election cause# seces»ion South,
his second illegal election will cause secession
North and Smith, and break up utterly tins
Union. Tha North and West have borne much;
but they would not stand such impudent jug
glery.”
The. Iliehimmd Whig states vi nt there has
beer, a decided decline in the prices of stocks
bonds, aud other securities in that market
The Whig thinks the money- market will soon
Iks in that condition usually c.V led “stringent.’'
The Secretary of the Treasury has directed
that thetas on gold and silver, b illion or dust,
be collected n kind at live per cent. Gold
1 will cease ir> lx- a very valuable investment.
| sinee one thousand dollars in gold pay s fifty
: dollars in gold, which at twenty’•three lor one.
h. equal to eleven hundred a»ci lUi? dollars in
Coated/rate money -which is just fivo p
ceat. on Iweufy-tLroo thousand doll trs. The
tax approaches gold to Confederate money, and
as the difforotiCo iu value derrtases under the
op.:f viou of this V»x. gold will cease to be
j sought alter to tbb d«prooi<t(tioti of tpe curren
j ey of ifc? country.
CBM HOW rLL Ca BITS &PEKCII.
[SCKCf-U. CORKBePONPiNOK CHUOXICI.K 4 SENTINEL]
Millepgkvillb, Maroh 13, 1804.
Geu, Cobb delivered an address here on Sat
urday night, on the prosecution of the war, and
0!i kindred topics. Ho had a large audience
and spoke noai ly two hours. Tho speech was
generally conceded to bo the ablest of lu»
life. He expressed the opinion that since the
first year of tbo war our prospects had never
beer, p.u bright as now. our armies and t eep.o
aro buoyant, hopeful, determined. Tho re
source* of the country, if tightly applied and
distributed, have been found auipie for tha
support oi tbo nnr.y and people, and if all 00
tlu-ir duty, v, c must su.cced, and oud tire war
soon.
Ho alluded especially to the duty of Legtsli*
tors I„ a tim of war, forces must be exer
cised which would not bo proper in a time of
peace, and powers :av sometircea demanded by
whose expedionoy or constitutionality, there
may bo doubts or diverse opinions, ror ex
arople—the constitution authorizes taking pii
vale property for public use, payiug just com
peDßatiou therefor. This does uot authorise
seizures for tiie support of soldiers l'amiles ;
but would a faithful legislator or a good citi
zen hesitate to confer the power asked by the
Govenor—to seize the surplus of those who
refuse to sell hi order that, the families of sol
diers might be fed ? So o the impr ssment of
labor :tn,j of the conscript, act—they were un
usual measures, deemed necessary for tbo prose
cution of the war, and had been submitted to
by nli patriotic citizens.
The times demand sacrifices, not only of Ufa
and property and comfort, but of those techni
cal lights and privileges which we have boon
accustomed to regard as sacred. Congress
calls on us to sunetulcr some of these in tho
suspension of the writ of habeas corpus He
urges this point at some length, answering the
objections that had been urged against the ac
tion of.Congress. lie showed tho suspension
to be constitutional; maintaining that under it
the clau.-u guarranteeing security from unrea
sonable search and seizure and regulating the
mode of issuing the writ were necessarily in
abeyance.
lie sustained the action of Congress on tho
currency bill, tax law and military bill. The
latter was wise, because it places the reserved
corps to be used ior .state defence under att or
ganization more readily available than they
would boas militia.
We must yield extraordinary power to the
Executive. He may commit errors, but ho is
devoted and true, and worthy of confidence
and cordial and harmonious support. What,
said he, should wc say if in Europe we should
hear him spoken of as • ome here at home are
speaking? He appealed to his audience, es
peciatly to the members of the Legislature, to
lorego disputes about technicalities —yield to
tire exigencies of the times, Ivu.i support tho
policy of Ihe Government.
He then addressed using the ar
'guments which lie has used with such power
and effect elsewhere, to impre.s upon them
their duty and responsibility ; and closed by
drawing a picture of the glory, dignity, happi
ness and prosperity in store for us when peace
and independence are secured.
His speech was in excellent taste and temper,
and was earnestly applauded, it made a pro
found impression. ,
i Officers cosfxhmed bv the Senate.— The fol
I lowing named officers, appointed by the Sonata
1 during tire lastsejalou of Congress :
Lieutenant Genltials—AP Hill of Virginia,
from Miy 21, 1863, E S Ewell, of Virginia,
from May. 23, 1863, John B llcod ot Texas,
from September 20. 1863—3.
Major Generai.*— Joseph Wheeler of Ga, J
Pattou Anderson of Fla, from Dec. 17rh, Chi
W Field of Ky, from Feb ]2lh, 1851, Robert E
Rhodes of Ala, from May 23d, 1863. H Ileth, of
Va, from May 21th, 1803, Robert Ransom of N
0, from May 26th, 1865, A P Stewart oi Tenn,
from Juno 2d. 1863, Wm II T Walker of Ga,
from May 23d, 1863, Stenhen D Leo of 8 C,
from August 3 ‘, 1863, Wm Smith of’Va, Tom
August 12th, 1863 Cadmus ?.[ Wilcox of Ala,
from
faom August id. 3d, 1863, Fiizbn.rh I.ee of Va,
from August 3d, 1863, Iloweli Cobb of Ga,
from Sept !)th, 1863. John A Wliartou of Tcxaa,
from Nov 10th, 1863, Wlll T Marlin of Miss,
from Nov lllrh, 1863, N B Forrest of Tenn,
from Dec 4ih, 1:63, Wm Vv Loriug of Florida,
lroui Feb 10th, 1802—18.
BiitiiAjnEK G -M.i:ai.* RII Chilton of Va.,
from Dec 21st, 1603. Allen Thomas of La, from
date of confirmation, N 11 llama of Mir.s, from
Jan 20th 1861, L. Gibson of La, from Jan
lltn, 18ori, C 11 Stevens of S C, from Jan 20th,
1864. J W Whitfield of Texas, from May 9th,
1863, John B Gordon of Ala, from May 7th,
1863, James A Waller of r , from May loth,
1863, J M Jones ot Va. from May 181 j.. 1863,
John Adams of Tenn, funn Dec 20th, 1862, J S
Marmaduke of Mo, from Nov 15th, 1802, M W
ft rrsom of NO, from June 13th, 1863, A M
Scales of N C, from June 13thM663, E II Coop
er of Miss, from May 261, 1863, 11 If Waikcr of
Va, from July Ist, 1863, F M Cockrell ot Mo,
from July 1 Stir, 1863, J P Major of La, from
July 21st, 1863, O F htralil oi Tti.n, from Jfily
28th, 1863, S W Fergursou of Miss, from July
23d, 1863, L L Lomax of Va, from duly
23d, 1863, LS Baker of N C from July 23d.
1863, 1’ IJ Heady of Ala, from August
3d, 1863, Eppa iiiinton of Va. from August
IRI>, 1863 B G Humphries of Miss, from Aug 12th
1865, li 11 Davidsou of Tenn., Horn Aug 1 Hi.l);
1663, ii W Allen, of la, from Aug 10th, 1863,
Cullen A B illie of Ala, from Aug 20th, 1863,
W W Kiikl'fidof N C, from Aug 20Ui, 1863,
Goode Bryan oi' Ga, from Aug 29th, 1863. M E
Butler oi S C, from Sept Ist, 1863, Wfi Wick
ham of Va, from .Sept Ist, 1863, Robert D
Johnston of NC, flow Sept Ist, 1860, \V A
Quarles of Tenn, from Aug 25th, 18C3, N W
Reynolds of Va, fftrni Sept 11th, 1863. A l’erin
of SC, from Sept 10th. 1863, K W I’cttus of
Ala. ftom Sept 18tlf, 1860. A L Long of Va,
from Sept 21st. 18(,3. 11 It Jackson of Ga, from
Sept 21st, 1863, Wirt Ada.iis of Miss, fiom Sept
2oi ti, 1860, T C Wharton of Va, from July Bth,
1863, Jas f! Gordon of N C, fiom Sept 28th,
1863, James A Smith of Tt nn, from Sept odth,
1863, .1 allies' II Lewis of Ky, from fkpt oUtl),
1860, ii P f.owiy td M -s, from October 41b,
1860, L A Stafford of La, from October Bth,
1863, T L Rosser, of Texas, from Sept 28th, 1865
Fdward Higgins of La, from Oct 29th, 1863,
E M R Young, ol Ga. from Sjpt 28, 1863. ,1 T
Morgan avf Ala, from Nov 16th, 1865, John 11
Kelley of Ala, from Nov 16th, 1*65, WYC
Humes of Tenn, from Nov 16th 1863, C C Wilson
of Ga, from Nov 16th, 1605, J .1 Finley of Fla,
from Nov, lfith 1663, J II Clanton of Ala, from
Nov 16th, 1863. A G Vaughan of Miss, from
Nov 18th. 1863, Henry A Wise of Va, from Juno
15tb, 1803, Gideon J Pillow of Tenn, from July
9ih, 1861, b Higgltsol Vo, from Auk fuff, 1861,
Win Malone of Va, from Nov 10th 1861, It E
Ooteton of Va, fromJ)ec 2ith, 1661, B R John
sou ot Tenn, from Jan 2 (Hi, 1862, J P Ander on
oi Fla, from Feb lOtli, 1862. John K Jackson of
Ga, from Ji® 11th. 1862, .1 Ii Chalmers o Miss,
Horn Feb lfith. 1662, J B Kershaw, of S C from
?ei> lfith, 1852, Thomas Green of Texas, from
May 20th, 1803-06.
Qr arte a master Gevecae—Brigadier Gener
al a R I/awton of Ga, from Feb 17tli, 1861.
Master Armorer.—A ,V King ofGa.
Akraicin'ino the ItswcALs Gov. Medcary
I of the Columbus [OhiojCriri*. is battling boldly
1 with the abolition administration, in referenco
to tho war. Ia a late number of his paper he
says :
In the latest news from Washington in the
Republican papers, we Had this, viz : It l.ns
leaked out that official, repor s put the ( mon
. 10 - s at Chanceliorsville. in killed, wouuoed,
and missing. ZS.OW, WU at Chii-kahominy
20 000 at second Manassas, zO.OOOat Fiedcncks
burg, and 25,000 at O ■ttysburg. 4 iieseajipal
r.U) 000 more troops, he as'- s .
“Where ore the million and th re--quarters
. oirtv-U'Ht* ” ‘ war men, men for tbtfLmon
or without condition men fiu and bl.-at
-ITd with contracts men of the oath -I onnd
who cried for var 7 Are they ready
mmaren to tbe roeeue ? N ta regiment nor
I a man for any purple than home guar.te-tb«
oig-feedlng— lady w&iting-muk maid soldiery;
1 and yet tbej call this * popular war, .