Newspaper Page Text
Wbt toeeklij & Cmtstitafiimalfet
OLD SERIES—VOL. ICII
REW SERIES—VOL. LI.
CJjrom'cle an& Sentinel.
Wednesday, - august 22^1877.
Horatio Allkn was the first locomo
tive driver. m u m
Sedess Taurus is the latest for Sit
ting Bum*.
“Mb. Pougo,” • gorilla, has succeeded
Grant as the latest London sensation.
Ip Maine will secede, nobody will try
to whip her back into the Union.
ItrasiA’ri wheat harvest is immense.
No excuse for high prices of grain and
flour.
Abistarohi Bet, Minister of Turkey
to the United States, is a Christian and
a Greek
The Czar and his suite drink 4,000
bottles of champagne per month, at $5
per bottle.
Maine elects no negroes to office, but
sqneals whenever the South imitates her
in that respect.
Robeson, late Secretary of the Navy,
is wanted in Washington. Something
about money disappearing.
Packard was as bravo as a lion at the
lowa Convention, but as meek as Moses
when he heard about those twins.
If the solid South would promise to
vote for Jim Blaine in 1880, that emi
nent demagogue would talk differently.
Bishop Gilbert Haven got one pres
ent in Libraria he did not bargain for—
the malarial fever. He is dangerously
ill.
Blanton Duncan is “the brains of
tho Kentucky Communo.” A fine speci
men of a horny-handed workingman is
B. D.
m a
Ben W r ADR admits that the Democracy
will pretty soon control the Government,
aud he sadly says the South controls the
Democracy.
——
The colored voters of Philadelphia
swear that if some of their number are
not put on the “perlice” force, they will
bolt the machine.
The spirit, of Edgar A. Poe is on tho
look-out for the wretch who wrote
“Leonainie” and imposed it upon an
unsuspecting world.
M ■
The London Fun puts it thus: “Brit
ish interests—Two and a half to five per
cent. —paid. Turkish interests—Twelve
to twenty—promised.”
Thirty-five hundred estates in Bos
ton are advertised for non-payment of
taxes, representing five per cent, of the
real estate tax of the city.
~= sma
Gail Hamilton wants to drag Carl
Sohuhz down to Jim Blaine’s level.
There are very few truly loyal men who
have not feathered their nests.
■
Mbmemet Ali was born ill Magdeburg,
Germany, but his father was a French
man named Detroit. Perhaps ho is
really old Zaoh Chandler in disguise.
—
An American named Biooar has been
arrested in France for calling MacMa
hon an ass. He is said to have consid
ered himself a Biggar man than old
Mac.
Is old man Mott, of Columbus, really
the power behind the throne? Appli
cants for office had better cultivate Col.
Mott, when he does not have n bad
spell on him.
Stoughton is to answer Jerk Black’s
article on the Electoral Commission in
the Forth American Review. The Lord
have mercy on Stoughton if Jerf. gets
in a rejoinder 1
Rev. Mr. Munson, Greenback candi
date for Governor of Maine, is a Univer
salist, and yet, on tho stump, “hurls to
the deepest hells the authors of our
financial policy.”
Francois Blanc, “tho Prince (gam
bling), of Monaco,” left a fortune of
$16,000,000. His daughter married the
Russian Prince Radziwill, and her
dowry was SBOO,OOO.
While Jim Blaine was howling
ugaiust the solid South, the Democrats
of Madison county, Mississippi, were
loyally nominating a negro as one of their
candidates for the Legislature.
Colored men were amoDg tho dele
gates to the Democratic Convention of
Mississippi. A negro was among the
nominees for Secretary of State, and
Mr. Lamar voted for him. Smart man,
Lamar.
It is chargod by Paris papers that
Euglish war correspondents get within
wbont twenty miles of the front, pat up
B t the best hotel, fill up with wine, and
thi Mi hunt around for some Turk who
ia w .Uling to tell a lie and swear to it.
The World likens the construction of
party p latforms in Ohio to the old ne
gro's me thod of patting on a tight coat.
First yon squeeze one arm in it and theu
the other; t'nd then you “try to stand
on your head and hab a general conwul
sion.”
The St. liouis Republican recom
mends biennial sessions of the Legisla
ture, and says Missouri has saved from
$150,000 to £IOO,OOO annually by pro
hibiting adjourned sessions and limit
ing the Legislature to one session in two
ye* re -
Russell Sags says if he had shot
everybody who had cheated him on Wall
street, he would have killed at least one
thousand men. He means that he would ,
have depopulated the street. Now let
Mr. Saor tell the world how many time*
he would have been killed, if his propo
sition were reversed ?
Mr. Dana shows that Robeson went
to Washington eight years ago, poor
and too glad to get the salary of a Sec
retary of the Navy. He quit office rich,
and is now a capitalist who can afford
to invest forty or fifty thousand dollars
in a bankrupt concern, the chief of
whiob is on the high road to the peni
tentiary.
Hatti is a sample of negro govern
meat left to itself. The President,
Cason, favored white folks somewhat,
whereupon the pore blacks have ris-n in
rebellion and burned a portion of Porte
au-Prince. General Solomon is the
chief conspirator. His method is to let
out the blood of whites and oolored, and
have a pure black republic. His motto
is, difference in oolor makes an irrepres
sible conflict. General Solomon ia the
Jot Blaine of Hayti.
The St. Lonis Republican, combating
the idea that Mr. Evarts should be al
lowed to practice law while retaining
his Cabinet position, nngallantly ob
serves that it is a manifest misfortune
that some of his girls were not boys, or
that some of them have not found part
ners to relieve this oppressed father of
a part of his burden. One thing is plain,
that the country ought not to raise the
salaries of Cabinet offioers until it has
tried some of the men of brains who
have fewer women folks in their fam
ilies.
UEORUIA’S “REPUDIATION.”
A dispatch sent from Atlanta to the
Northern newspapers the day the Con
vention adopted the report of fhe Fi
nance Committee forbidding the pay
ment of what are known as the bogus
bonds has caused a good deal to be
written concerning the policy of “repu
diation” adopted by this State. The
Northern press, displaying its nsnal
ignorance of Southern affairs, preaches
long sermons on the sin of repudiation,
and discusses learnedly the character cf
the bends which have been repudiated.
Even the Philadelphia limes —a paper
generally well informed—indulges in
such nonsense as the following:
It is all very well for that blatant blather
skite. Toombs, to attempt to throw dust in the
eyes of people outside of Georgia by claiming
that Georgia merely seeks to escape post hel
ium debts by repudiation, but it is not true.
Among the bonds disowned are some issued
long before the war, and, of course, regular,
notably the Scott bonds. In more than one
instance since rt construction has Georgia ac
knowledged the validity of claims now re
jected. By one vote the Constitutional Con
vention has placed a stigma upon Georgia
which half a century will not efface.
Of course there is not a word of truth
in the statement that “among the bonds
disowned are some issued long before
the war, and, of course, regular, notably
the Scott bondß.” Not a single ante
bellum obligation Las been disowned.
There is no such bond as “a Scott
bond” known in Georgia, or, to far as
our information extends, in any other
Southern State except South Carolina,
where an Ohio adventurer named Scott
was once Governor. In but one
single instance has Georgia “ac
knowledged the validity of claims
now rejected.” Tlio Legislature of
1871-2, while disowning large issues of
what are known as “Bullock bonds,"
recognized as valid and binding an issue
of Macon and Brunswick Railroad bonds
endorsed by tho State, but the succeed
ing General Assembly reversed this ac
tion and declared the bonds invalid.
There is good reason for believing that
these bonds were not legally issued, and
that the endorsement had no binding
force, but in view of the fact that pur
chases, based upon tho action of the
Legislature of 1872, were made by inno
cent parties for value, wo think the
State should have reimbursed the pur
chasers. Of the complete justice of the
other so-called acts of repudiation we
have never had the slightest doubt. The
State was not bound in law or in morals
for the payment of the fraudulent
paper.
Tho dispatch published in the
Chronicle and Constitutionalist this
morning reports that the Herald has re
ceived a cablegram from London saying:
“Profound apprehension and anxiety
“exist in the financial circles of London
“with respect to the repudiation move
“ment in Georgia and Virginia. This,
“with the effects of tho railroad strikes,
“threatens to be destructive of American
“credit in Europe.” We do not pretend
to aay how far the railroad strikes
“threaten to be destructive of Ameri
“can credit in Europe.” We do not
protend to say how far tho railroad
atrikea and the “repudiation movement
in Virginia” justify the “profound ap
prehension and anxiety which exist in
the financial circles of London,” but if
any portion of this apprehension and
anxiety is the result of the recent action
of the Constitutional Convention of this
State, the fact does not speak well for
the intelligence of the “financial circles
of London.” The action of the Con
vention last Thursday was neither a
new nor important step. The fraudu
lent bonds were repudiated fully
fivo years ago, and from that time
to this no man conversant with the
fuels of the caso has ever dreamed that
they would be recognized. In order to
put them beyond the hope of revivifica
tion by a possibly corrupt Genoral As
sembly the Legislature, by a two
thirds vote of two successive
bodies, passed au amendment to the
Constitution of the State prohibit
ing forever their recognition or pay
ment. This amendment was submitted
to the people last May and ratified by
almost a unanimous vote. It is now a
part of the organic law. What the Con
vention did last Thursday was simply to
incorporate tho same inhibitory provis
ion in tho new Constitution which is be
iug framed. It may be true that this
action will destroy American credit in
Europe. We shall greatly regret such
a calamity but confess that we fail to
see how it is to be averted. But what
ever may be the result in “the financial
circles of London” of the “repudiation
movement in Georgia” it is evident that
the movement has not injured the credit
of the State in the financial circles of
America. The last issue of the Finan
cial Chronicle quotes Georgia seven per
cent, bonds as worth from 107 J to 108).
As long as these figures are maintained
we need have nothing to fear. The Con
vention has prohibited any further in
crease of the bonded debt of the State,
and has provided for the creation of a
sinking fund by the imposition of a tax
which will produce one hundred tlious
aud dollars annually. These measures
will greatly strengthen our already good
credit, and the “financial ciroles of Lon
don” need not be astonished at finding
Georgia bonds bringing more than the
obligations of the United States within
the next ten years.
A WE>V KINK IN DIVORCE.
Brick Pombrot has been married
three times and divorced twice. He
does not chew toliaoco, smoke cigars or
drink of the intoxicatiug bowl, but he is
delinquent in other ways, which more
than counterbalance the virtue he as-
Tim latest divorce of this noto
rious rimow is rattier unrious. His wife
grew stage-struck, after sis yeais of wed
ded life. The husband remonstrated, i
He declared that the positions which
had to be taken upon the stage—espe
cially the characters of Romeo and Ju- J
lief, the latter of whieh she often as
sumed—were incompatible, in his opin
ion, with those which a domestic wife
should S9sume. She resented the im
putation, declared that ho was unreason
ably jealous, mistaken in his ideas, and
that she was wedded to the life of au ac
tress, and never could leave it. He as
serted that then she mnst leave him.
She pleaded with him to no effect, and
then accepted the alternative.
The vexed question then was how to
whip the legal devil around the stump
for a separation, since none of the faults
for which divoroe is usually granted,
even in Chicago, could be alleged on
either side, They agreed, however, to
separate. While apart, ‘Mr, Pomerov
hied him to a Chicago lawyer, who, for
a handsome fee no doubt, poked about
until he discovered what is known as the
Poland bill, passed .1 une 23, 1874, and
nosed oat the following ;
Section HI. • *
their respective counties <of Utah) shall have
jurisdiction of salts of divorce for statutory
erases concurrently with the District Courts.
It is stated, in this connection, that
the lawyer, looking over the act of the
j Territory of Utah relating to bills of
j divorce, discovered that section 2 de
clared that the petition for a bill
could be made by “any person who is a
resident of the Territory, or who wishes
to become one,” and in the same sec
tion it was provided, among the causes
for separation, that “when it shall ap
pear to the satisfaction and conviction
of the Court that the parties cannot live
in peace and union together, and that
their welfare requires a separation,”
then a decree of divorce shall ensue.
That settled it. The man and woman
Pomeroy swore that they wonld “like
to reside iD Utah” and began a suit for
divorce in the Probate Court of Brig
ham City, pleading that they conld not
live peaceably together. The semi
weekly local paper, circulating one hun
dred and fifty copies, advertised this
fact for one month. The suit, by con
certed arrangement, went by defanlt,
and Brick and Louise went their separ
ate ways—she to the footlights and he
to the “altar” with another woman.
Perhaps Brick Pomeroy wonld be a
better man if he occasionally deposited
a “quid” in his month, puffed a cigar
now and then, and looked on wine, red or
otherwise, in moderation. He is famous
for his temperance writings and speeohes;
and yet who wonld take him for a model
member of society V He ought not to
swear that he “wants to live in Utah,”
but go there absolutely—that is if Brig
ham Young wonld let him do so.
DECLINE IN SUGAR.
The New York Tribune , of tho 9th
instant, reports a heavy decline in the
prices of all grades of sugar in the last
two months, with no immediate pros
pect of an advance. The Springfield
Republican notes that the decline al
luded to was fully 2 cents per pound in
New York where the stocks are 40 per
cent, in advance of ordinary accumula
tions. This is a fall of S3O a hogshead.
Heavy failures have taken place
in Cuba iu consequence, and similar dis
asters are looked for in America among
large importers and refiners. It appears
that a vast stimulus has been given to
sugar production in places hitherto
strangers to the growth or exportation
of that product, and hence the collapse
of the market.
The consumers of sugar will be glad
to know that this article so widely used
has fallen in price, so that very poor
people can procure it. Dealers can now
afford to sell at more liberal rates, and
they will of course keep pace with the
demands of trade as well as custom.
CIVIL HEKVICE REFORM.
Gail Hamilton’s articles on Civil
Service Reform may do no good, be
cause they are from a Radical, Jim
Blaine stand-point, which strains at
Hayes and swallows Grant, still there
can be no doubt that abuses in the Civ
il Service ara monstrous and need purg
ing. But no one outside knows how
difficult it is to reform anything Grant
made chronic. We are told, for exam
ple, that, some months ago, a quiet ef
fort was made in ti e Treasury Depart
ment to get rid of incapable and useless
officers, but Secretary McCormick says
that when the poorest officers were
reached and set down for disoharge it
was found that they had the most polit
cal influence, and when any of them
was touched it raised such a howl that
Sherman could not remove them with
out antagonizing important and strong
friends.
If President Hayes and his party oan
not cut this Gordian knot, then it is a
confession pure and simple that the
best Republican Administration is pow
erless to uproot and extirpate the shame
ful regime of his predecessor, who is
now jnnketing over Europe and receiv
ing plaudits while his country is dis
graced and menaced at home. If, then,
as Mr. McCormick shows, tho Secretary
of the Treasury is obliged to keep a
number of worthless officers in his em
ploy for fear of bringing down upon
him the wrath of leading Republican
politicians, it is plain that there will be
no genuine Civil Service Reform until
the Democracy regain power and, in the
expressive idiom of tho day, “bounce”
John Sherman and all his kindred.
The “Parseo merchant,” J. S. Moore,
has a sinecure in the Now York Custom
House. He holds on to a fat office by
furnishing useful information to Con
gressmen of both parties.
Garfield says he never, of late, could
get any Democrat to define the princi
ples of his party. When Garfield de
fines his principles, an ordinary Demo
crat would not be far wrong in going in
the opposite direction.
Jay Gould now has a fighting man,
who accompanies him always. He is a
gigantic Italian named Mobosini, lately
a book-keeper of the “king.” A set-to
between the Garibaldian and Major Se
loveb would be interesting and instruc
tive.
The Macon Telegraph thinks the Rus
sian campaign an irredeemable failure,
unless General O. O. Howard shall be
appointed to supreme command of the
Czar’s troops. Well, let him try it. A
“Christian soldier and statesman” ought
to be one too many for “unspeakable
Turks. ”
Rev. Dr. Falconer, in a sermon at
St. Louis on the strikes, said:
The capitalist says: “Labor is plenty, no
matter what the came. If I can hire a man
for ninety cents a day I have a right to dy it,
and should be protected in that right by the
Govern moot, no matter what my profit is, and
no matter what the resell to the workingman
and his family." Let us see about thft. In
the first plaeo, I defy a heathen to occupy a
mere soulless position. It is the essence of
selfishness, and never once breathed the spirit
of Christian ethics.
If the Doctor insists on that doctrine
he will harp to turn many a man out ol
church. One of the Ippal papers puts
the case personally thus: “If the poctor
goes to the n arket he buys at the mar- j
ket price. He would laugh at the man
jrlio would ask §2 a bushel for potatoes
while he could buy them at the next
stall equally good for sl.’’ This retort
i would seem to exemplify the old saying j
! that “religion is religion, and biz is biz,”
The beet explanation of the term
“waiering stock” is made by one of our
Western exchanges, which shows how
Vanderbilt performed that operation,
thus: Two companies from Buffalo to
Erie were consolidated by Vanderbilt
in 1867, increasing their capital from
$2,800,000 to five million*. fa the sub
sequent consolidation to Chicago, one
million was added to this. The road
from Erie to Cleveland had in the pre
vious six years divided 120 per cent, in
stock, 33 per cent, in bonds, and 79 per
cent, in cash. Costing less than five
millions, it was now consolidated at
twelve millions. got con
trol of the road from Cleveland to Tole
do in 1866, and then made a scrip divi
dend of 25 per cent, on five millions.
The roads from Erie to Cleveland and
from Cleveland to Toledo were consoli
dated in 1867, on a basis of twenty-two
millions capital. In 1869 the work of
consolidation from Buffalo to Chicago
was completed, on a basis of fifty-seven
millions, which, in 1871, was increased
to sixty-two millions, with the further
privilege of increase to seventy-three
millions. The Vanderbilt line from
Buffalo to Chicago unquestionably rep
resented at least twenty millions of ficti
tious capital, on which he is oollectißg
dividends by taxing the people and op
pressing his workmen.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 22, 1577.
MOSES IN THE WITNESS BOX.
SOUTH CAROLINA’S EX-GOVERN
ORMAKING A CLEAN BREAST.
Documents Produced From a Secret Draw
er That Implicate People Heretofore
Unsuspected A Judge's Discomfiture—
The Debt—Will the Disclosure), be .Support
ed <
f Letter to fhe Few York Sun.]
Charleston, S. C. t August 5. —The
Legislative Investigating Committeo has
been hard at work striving to probo the
depth of the mire which the Republican
party left as an inheritance to the Hamp
ton government. The task became so sick
ening last week, however, that they bad
to go home for a breathing spell. The In
vestigating Committee has uncovered
secrets alongside of which the already
known criminality becomes compara
tively trivial. Their sessions are secret,
and, perhaps, rightly so. There is no
State to reclaim now as when the Awn
exposed Chamberlain. And if I were to
write all I know I might blast reputa
tions which are now unsullied, and
which I sincerely hope may remain so
until the end. The revelations show
that the State Treasurers have received
the bulk of the stolen income of the
State since reconstruction. There was
nothing which passed the Treasury mill
which did not pay from 10 to 25 per
cent. toll. The more rascally the job,
the more the pay. Asa specimen of these
disclosures, one man declared that he
had a claim of $125,000, out of which,
after paying all his tolls, he netted only
$40,000, and then was well paid. The
scope of this investigation has now
taken in all the Governors, Lieutenant-
Governors, State offioers, the old Su
preme Court Judges, several members
of the circuit bench, the officers of the
Legislature, and many bankers, wealthy
merchants, brokers, editors and law
yers.
Most of these revelations have been
obtained through the testimony of ex-
Governor Moses, who has opened his as
tounding budget without sparing friend
or foe. Already the cry has gone up
from the stricken game, “Who would
believe Moses upon oath ?” But this
has been tried once too often. A distin
guished Judge, hearing that lie had been
implicated, demanded an immediate
hearing before the committee, in order
to clear his skirts. He denied emphati
cally the statements made by the ex-
Governor. The committee sent for
Moses and confronted him with the
Judge. “Governor, did we understand
you to say so-and-so ?” “That is what I
said.” “I deny it,” said the Judge, with
great emphasis. The ex-Governor put
his hand in his side pocket and drew
forth a document, “Judge, is that your
handwriting ?” The Judge wilted. Mo
ses is prepared with the documents at
every step to substantiate his assertions
under oath, aud woe to those who rely
upon this plan of discrediting them.
These documents of.Moses were de
posited by him in a secret drawer of his
private secretary, which, during his ab
sence from Columbia, was sold at auc
tion, along with the rest of the furni
ture, for debt. Upon his arrest he de
termined to make a clean breast of all
he knew, and informed the committee of
the existence of these documents.
Search was made for the secretary, aud
it was found. Its owner did not dream
of the bonanza which was hiddon in his
purchase. Moses and one of the com
mittee, assisted by a locksmith, after a
very long struggle with the secretary,
succeeding in restoring the documents
to ligbt. The committee have charge
of them. They regard the find as of so
much importance that the doeuments
are held as collateral security for the
appearance of the ex-Governor to an
swer any bills of indictment which the
Court of Sessions may prefer against
him. His individual bond, in the sum
of $5,000, wiyiout additional security,
was also taken for the same purpose. It
is calculated by the Republicans, who
ought to know, that during Moses’
Speakership and Governorship not less
than $900,000 fraudulently passed into
his possession from tho State Treasury.
For this sum Moses has nothing now to
show except these papers. He has been
living in this city for tho last six months,
and has been borrowing S2O, $5, and
even $2 from his former friends, be
sides doing something in the blackmail
ing line.
The first effect of their discoveries on
the committee has been to make them
favor a repudiation of most of the float
ing indebtedness of the State, as honey
combed with fiand. They have oome to
the same conclusion as to a great num
ber of tho consolidated bonds, which
were funded under such circumstances
as to place them upon the same footing
with the floating debt, and entitle them
to the same fate. This branch of the
report will meet with strong opposition
in the Legislature. It is understood
that Governor Hampton and some of the
State officers favor the adoption of the
consolidated debt as it stands, as a
beneficent policy for the credit of the
State. Some of the leading members of
the Legislature will take the same
ground ; some will be personally or pro
fessionally interested in doing so. The
bondholders will find the Republican
members open to conviotion (bribe is a
harsh word) from the bondholders, and
these members will very likely oppose
the report in toto, on account of the
Republican officials implicated in it.
Many of the former members of the Re
publican Legislature have come forward
with statements that they were bribed
by prominent Democrats to pass certain
bills in their interest. They generally
received their pay, they say, from Tim
Hurley, who was a member of the Leg
islature and chief of the lobby. The
bills were certainly in the names of
Democrats, who received the charters
and aoted upon the privileges. Tim Hur
ley has been summoned before the com
mittee; but lip takes the ground that he
acted confidentially as $n attorney, and
will make no disclosures. This is cool
for Tim, who never was admitted to the
bar.
Among the documents of Moses are
papers implicating ex-Governors Scott
and Chamberlain, Treasurers Cardozo
aud Parker, and ex-Comptroller-General
Hoge. Scott has retired to Ohio—it is
sajd for good. Chamberlain is practic
ing law in JJew }Tork. Cardozo is wan
dering about the North, with a sick
family and a twenty thousand dollar
bond calling him to Columbia, but with
little prospects of his returning except
on requisition. Hoge is representing
South Carolina in one of the depart
ments at Washington. Parker is in New
York in business. Neagle alone stands
his ground in Colombia, bat claims to
be bankrupt and nonchalant. Since
writing the above I learn that so many
leading Democrats) Fusiopistiq are im
plicated in the revelations made before
the committee, that an organized effort,
having the sanction of the highest au
thority, is being made to suppress the
whole matter, and let the prosecutions
already begun against the Republicans
hang over them as an inducement to
leaye the State and hush their mouths
concerning their Democratic accom
plices. Owing to tho fact that the local
newspapers do not publish these revela
tions, this may easily be affected, but
the hill counties of the State will pro
test against the compromise.
WASHINGTON AND GQtpqp.
The Hitting Ball C*Binlslin PreriJent
Hayes anil the Workiug .Hen—Pmluifiaril
ofidaho Endorses the “Poller.”
Washington, August 15. General
Terry replies to the Secretary of War
that there is nothing at present which
will prevent his serving as'a meui!? er 9 f
the Sitting Bull Commission. He will,
therefore, represent fiie War Depart
ment on that Commission. Senator
Morton’s Washington physician has
been called to Indianapolis. Morton’s
paralysis does not affect his face or
mind. A special to the Philadelphia
Times makes President Hayes say to a
prominent Senator that he thought the
workingmen should look lor protection
and redress in the bosom of the Republi
can party. He alluded to the workiDg
men’a nominations in Ohio and said
tfae bulk of them were made from Cin
cinnati; bq as to catch ihe votes of Ham
ilton Bounty, Ef-Qoy. gam Bard is
here, en route for New York, to buy a
new press lor the Pensacola Herald.
He endorses the President’s policy, and
says he don’t want a post office either.
Purity, strength and reliability stamp
the character of Dooley’s Yeast Powder
as being pgr excellence the best of all
preparations used to perfect and facili
tate the process of baking. Leas than
two-thirds ordinary quantity suffices.
So strong and pure is this admirable ar
ticle the most skillful housekeepers
have learned to discard all others.
Fbom all accounts Russian invasion
is worse than Turkish atrocities.
WHICH 18 IT * ANSWERED.
A Mistake iu Authorship—Tbe Wrong Pig bj
the Ear—An Unfortunate Victim Him to
. Explain, and Puts in a Few Words for the
Convention and Its Work—The “Chronicle
and Constitutionalist” Never Stifles Debate
on Public Questions.
f Correspondence Chronicle and Constitutionalist]
Atlanta, August 13.—1n your issue
of Saturday, under the head of “Which
Is It?” you seek—thoughtlessly I have
no doubt—to hold me up to the public
as the author of a paragraph which I
never penned, and the authorship of
which 1 wholly disclaimed when it was
published in my letter to the Savannah
Morning News, the disclaimer being
the final sentence of the very paragraph
from which you clipped the extract com
mented on in Saturday’s Chronicle and
Constitutionalist. If there is one vir
tue that characterizes your paper above
other papers in the State, it is that you
never “sit down” upon any one without
allowing them to “rise up” in your
columns “to explain.” Iu the present
instance, however, yon “sat down” in
such haste that you “bounced” the
wrong man. The author of that para
graph is an older, abler and more dis
tinguished gentleman than I can ever
hope to become, and is, in fact, “wise
in his generation.” Having lived in
Augusta and enjoyed the intelligent and
oultured society that is such a distin
guishing feature of your beautiful city
he has made good use of those valuable
advantages. If you will refer to the
Savannah Morning News of August 7th,
in which my letter .appeared signed
“Chatham” you will find these words
attached to the paragraph which you
have seen fit to attribute to my pen: “Of
one class of men who abuse tiie Conven
tion—and they are the most ‘loud
mouthed’—a Chatham county member
has furnished me a sample character,
which I will use as the closing pragrapli
of this hasty epistle.” Had you given
me the benefit of this very plain state
ment of fact in publishing the paragraph
I should not now trouble you with an
explanation. Ido not personally know
wlio wrote the article signed “A Sover
eign,” and cannot, therefore, consent to
be placed in the attitude of comment
ing upon him in so familiar a manner.
“Then,” you reply, “why embody
the paragraph in your letter?” Be
cause it was written by a gentleman of
honor and ability, in whom I have confi
dence, and I heartily agreed with the
main sentiment of the paragraph—that \
all the abuse heaped upon the Conven
tion by outsiders (whether editors, cor
respondents, lobbyism, disappointed
office-seekers, or officials whose salaries
or offices are to be reduced) would but
serve to make it more firm and united iu
its purpose to give the people that re
lief from taxation which they have so
long and so vainly sought from the Gen
eral Assembly. You refer, in your com
ments on the paragraph alluded to, to
Judge Lochrane and Senator Norwood,
and ask, “Which is it? Tell us, sage
correspondent, and let us not burst in
ignorance.” I shall not hasten my re
ply from any fear that I entertain that
you will “burst in ignorance.” But I
will say, to relieve your mind, that I re
ferred, personally, to neither of those
gentlemen. Including them, however,
with Hon. A. H. Stephens, Gov. Jen
kins, Gen. Lawton, Hon. Jere S. Black,
aud other eminent lawyers, who think
(as I do), that certain claims are just, I
do say that their combined influence
could not convince the Convention that
it ought to ignore the action of
of past Legislatures, and the vote of
the people on the bogus bond question,
and again reopen the matter for compli
cated and endless litigation. Having,
with your peculiarly keen sarcasm, char
acterized me as a “sage correspondent”
(why didn’t you say catnip ), and “a
man wise in his generation” (or his own
oonoeit, perhaps), and stated that “the
thing which baffles others offers no re
sistance to his (my) powers of penetra
tion,” it may not be out of place for me
to add here a few paragraphs in regard
to the Constitutional Convention, the
defense of which, by my humble pen,
has caused you to impale me in your
editorial columns with a keenly pointed
pen.
I object to tho hasty and ill-timed
abuse (not fair and deserved criticism)
which certain correspondents, editors
and others are heaping on the Conven
tion, because the work of that body is
still incomplete and disjointed. As well
might a portrait be criticised before the
eyes are added or the nose put in place,
or a building commented on before its
walls are np and its roof put on, There
are, it is true, sharp poiuts in tho new
Constitution, but when the committee
on harmony and arrangement shall have
taken the completed document and put
its detached sections into proper shape,
I think many of those now prominent
projections will be found much less un
sightly than they now appear.
Again, the cry is raised that the econ
omy of the Convention is "meanness.”
Let us see about that. They commenced
with the salary of the Governor and re
duced it from $4,000 to $3,000, and it is
called a shame and a disgrace to Geor
gia. Is it so ? The present incumbent
will cost the State about $12,000 the
present year. Tfie Legislature spent
some $2,000 in renovating and refurnish
ing the Executive mansion, and the in
surance, interest, gas and poal bills, etc.,
with the $4,000 in cash added, will reach
about $12,000. But, you say, he does
not get it all. That is not the question.
What does the Governor cost the State
per year ? This is the question. Now
I agree with Messrs. Ingram and Hunt,
that the State should sell the Executive
mansion, pay tUe Governor SO,OOO (or
$8,000) per year, cash, and save some
$5,000 or SB,OOO. No man will dare to
say, in these hardtfmes, that $3,000 and
an elegant mansion, with its emolu
ments, is not a good salary.
“A cheap judiciary” is another erv,
and fear is expressed that Chief Justice
Warner will not have money enough to
buy a black veil, Unfortunately for the
croakers, this gentleman, who is the
hardest worked Judge in the State (be
ing compelled to write nearly every
Sunday) himself declares that $2,500 is
a sufficiently large salary for the Su
preme Court Judges in these times, yet
the Convention gives them $3,000. As
to the Judges of the Superior Court, I
can empty several benches in this
State, and replenish then* \yifh older,
abler and better Judges than now occu
py them, at $2,000 per year, and the
same is true of the State Home officials
and clerks. From the Governor down,
there is not a man among them who can
“step down and out” to-morrow and
better his position, Many of them, it is
safe to say, could get no employment
whatever. And yet these Judges and
these officials and clerks, with some
honorabfe exceptions, sit in the galleries
or hang about the doors of the Conven
tion and ridicule the representatives of
the people, because they are bravely en
deavoring to do their duty in this mat
ter, withont fear, favor or hope of pecu
niary reward.
If there is any one thing disgraceful
about the Convention and its proceed
ings more worthy of condemnation than
any other, it is the lobby that has sought
to bribe, cajole, intimidate or bulldoze
the members into proving recreant to
their duty. A gentleman is 'defeated as
Secretary, and the next we hear of him
he sends a memorial from his county
that if the Convention makes a home
stead of over SSOO, the people of that
count} will vote and wortf, to defeat the
new Constitution at the polls. Promi
nent members of the legislature rash
here and, shaking their gory locks at
the Convention, cry out, “If you dare
to rednee our pay, ent off onr term of
office, or infringe upon the domain of
i legislation, we, yes, we will take the
stamp defeat your work.” And yet,
with all its present defect?; the Atlanta
Constitution says put Atlanta in the new
Constithtibn as the permanent capital
of the State and the ratification oi the
document “is assured.” Why, sir, “A
Sovereign” may talk about “J*iat Ham
mond, Gns Reese and Aleck Eawton”
making a Constitution to “give universal
and entire satisfaction,” but I tell you
and yonr readers that one hundred and
ninety-nine angels direct from Heaven
couldn’t accomplish such a task in these
days of poverty, extravagance aud mis
rnle.
One word more and I am done, as the
preachers say. The work of the present
Convention is unlike that of any pre
vious Convention, and should not, there
fore, be judged in the light of past his
tory. They are compelled, because the
Legislature has repeatedly refused to
reduce expenses, to camber fhe organic
law with details of legislation in regard
to salaries and expenses. It is this—
and this ttk>i}P that prevented an ad
journment in fifteen days. The people
demanded, the great mass who are not in
office, who have no interest in fat jobs
and convict leases, and don’t expect to
have, that the Convention should make
and fix these changes in the Constitu
tion. Thank God there were over one
hundred aud thirty-six members who
dared to be true, who had the courage
to resist threats besides, and the plead
ings of interested parties and to carry
out the reforms desired. These are
common times. Labor and capital no
are in deadly conflict, every industry is
paralyzed, aud a crippled commerce
walks with an unsteady step throughout
the land. Congressman Kelley, of Penn
sylvania, and Judge Lochrane rise np to
explain that they predicted this state of
affairs. Very well, but they are not the
only prophets. Some three years ago,
at his home, “Sandy Grove,” ex-Gover
nor Hersehel Y. Johusou predicted very
clearly in a conversation with me the
present conflict, and that it wonld slow
ly and quietly, after the first bloody as
sault, spread itself over the entire land.
Not only this country, but the countries
across the ocean are gradually sinking
under financial burdens which they can
not bear, and unemployed Labor raises
its gaunt and bloody hand against a fic
ticious and demoralized Capital, that
can give it no relief. The air everywhere
is full of the odor of “repudiation” and
“compromise” of bonded indebtedness;
and yet, when a Convention of trnsty
and experienced Georgians assemble to
make a Constitution that shall save the
people and State from shipwreck and
ruin, when this financial oyclone shall
strike them and her, the “dogs” of ex
travagance, selfishness and public plun
der are “turned loose” to bark at their
daily proceedings and howl at their ef
forts at retrenchment and reform. Iu
such times there can be but one prayer
—“God save the Commonwealth.”
Sidney Herbert.
CONDITION OF TIIE CROPS.
Tlie Crops In Hnncnck County, On—The
Groin and the Coltou.
[CorrespondenceChronicle andConslilutionalist.]
Hancock County, near Sparta, An
gust 12.—Owing to sundry causes, both
cotton aud corn crops are f ullythree weeks
later than in former years. Some were
not plowed sufficiently early to be work
ed before the May drouth. Others not
worked at tlio start thoroughly, owing
to the caked condition of the land,
while all have suffered largely from the
excessively hot and dry weather, pre
vailing now a month or six weeks, and
which has “fired” corn two-thirds np
the stalk, and is causing cotton to shed
its fruit to an alarming extent. Again,
and this is not the least of causes, du
ring the earlier part of the season it
; oved a difficult matter to kill grass,
'liiongh it was worked often and well,
still, as often as worked, a shower would
come and practically “set it out” in an
other place, until its hold in the crops
was so secure as to call forth deep work
to clear it, which very deep work has
proved an injury when benefit was in
tended. Grass has been “shuttle cock
ed” from one place to another and has
thrived on the process. Many farmers
tell me it has taken more work to make
this crop than any since the war, and as
an evidence, the “layiDg by” did not
take place this year until after the 4th
of August, whereas, in the old time, the
4th of July “barbecue” used to end the
crop making.
Wheat crops were exceptionally large
and of superior quality. Wo are begin
ning to recognize the great importance
of this crop, and I apprehend the time
is fast becoming au era of the past when
Hancock county farmers relied on other
resources than their own good lands for
bread, whether corn or wheat. Oats were
a decided failure, so far as I can learn,
though as there is likely to be abun
dance of good fodder saved, large crops
of this grain will most probably be
planted another year. Recent copious
raius have dispelled, to some extent,
the gloom and heavy looks, which sat
like boding storm banks on the brows
of our honest farmers—the clouds are
passing away, we see faintly “the silver
lining,” and hope and trust the issue,
thought that issue at present does not
promise more than half a orop from any
planting. Hancock County.
TOOMBS ON CONTENTIONS.
He In Opposed to Nominating Conventions.
In his speech in tho Constitutional
Convention on Friday last Gen. Toombs
gave expression to the following
views :
“ Why ? You talk about representing
the people; letting tho people do this,
that and the other, and yet you hold
your State Conventions and nominate
your Governor with a parcel of delegates
who may not represent the expressed
will of twenty people in the counties.
It is a scheme to defraud tho poeple.
How to get around the people is tho rul
ing principle in all snch organizations,
aud they put this scheme in operation
all over the State. They get up their
county meetings in the Court Houses
and get their friends to go aud send del
egates up here. How do I know who
they are going to nominate, and how am
Ito be bound by what they do ? Look
at this, gentlemen who are for having
this thing done. They are preparing to
defraud the people. You nominate these
men while the people are at home at
work, and if a man says he won’t be
bound by it, aud that he is going to vote
for somebody else, that he is going to
vote for an independent, yqq bring all
the power of the party and the press,
and yon hound him until you virtually
disfranchise him and ostracise ljim in
the community. I have been to none of
them for a good while. I have had noth
ing to do with them because I did not
think them proper engines to express
the will of the people, and now you
want to put the election of Judges to the
people, so that you can get np your lit
tle bands and nominate them, not
by the people, but by these fraudulent
conventions. lam opposed to it, sir,
an am in favor of leaving the election
with the Legislature.”
COMMENTS (jN THE CONVENTION.
General Toombs Disgusted Willi Its Works.
[ Gainesville Eagle. ]
Gen. Toombs has this to his credit :
“I conld take Foster Blodgett and five
niggers and make a better Constitution
than this Convention will make.” That
is true, for the General would control
the party and his great brain would pro
duce si model for all States'anfi Nations
in after times.
We have a startling statement from
Atlanta. A gentleman, high iu public
esteem and responsible for his utter
ances, says that Gen. Toombs, on Mon
day last, denounced the cabal of the
Convention, and declared his purpose to
stump the State against the ratification
of the spawn of the faction.
The Controlling' Elements
\La Grange Importer. ]
There are some roeu in the Conven
tion who can scarcely let a paragraph
pass withont making one or more speech
es oil it, and offering an amendment. It
is worthy of notice, too, that those
speeches and amendments do not come
from the best men iu the Convention—
the men who have a State reputation.
They do not come from Toombs and
Lawton, and Jfat Hammond, Tom Sim
mons, and that class of men. They are
the outgUshings of the small fry—the
county politicians, who do not reason
and know but little. The men who make
the most noise in the Convention are
those in whom the people of the State
have least Confidence.- Those who know
least about making the ponstitution are
the opea to bring forward ibe most
things to be incorporated in it. A large
portion of the speeches made in the
Convention are made on subjects of
which the speakers are very ignorant.
DEATH IN THE FLAMES.
Six Persons Burned to Dentil—Petroleum
Hnd KeroMine-
Pushing, L. 1., August 15.—Thos. G.
and Frank W. Levally, aged ten and
seven vears, respectively, werp burned
to death near tfie ftivey Effiad Honae to
i day. The father wfis lighting a fire with
I kerosine, when the can exploded,
Cincinnati, August 15.—A new oil
well at Smith Ferry, Pennsylvania, com
menced to flow Monday, throwing oil
over the men working abont the derrick.
The gas ignited from a blacksmith’s
forge, and the men were completely en
veloped iu flames. Two died in a few
minutes, two oauuoj recover, and two
more were Severely burued.'
i ■ mi•
Senator Hill’s Lecture on Fultb.
[Atlanta Constitution.]
Sunday morning Senator Hill dis
cussed “Faith*? to a parlor fall of inter
ested listeners at fifew Holland- His
remarks werp beautiful, and snowed a
deep and careful study of the subject.
The talk was greatly enjoyed by a num
ber of cultivated ladies and gentlemen,
and it will not soon be forgotten by any
who heard it.
GOULD AND KEENE.
THK SCORE THAT SELOVEK PAID
OFF.
Why Jay Could Was Dropped in an Area—
Telegraphic Magnates—The I'alll'ornlniis
Who Don’t l.lUe Gould’s Wavs—Bulls and
Bears Dancing oh the Wires.
[Special Correspondence of the Times.\
New York, August 6. —The peculiar
behavior of Wall street in time of
strikes, putting up stocks which are
themselves panic-strickeu, culminated
the other day in an obsoure operator
whipping Jay Gould. Nothing olse hap
pened but the whipping. Gould was on
top even when dropped down an office
area. His flogger was smashed like
Rawdou Crawley by Becky Sharp, even
in the attitude of belligerency. Gould
had nnshouldered himself of a quantity
of unprofitable stocks and had bid in
better stocks, which his confederates
were “bearing” or putting down. There
seemed to be nothing else to do but to
lick him, and that made no difference.
Gould was a little scared, but it did not
affect his programme.
Who the SeloTf"** *Ar* ;
The day after Jay Gould was assaulted
by “Major” Selover 1 called on James
Keene, Sol over’s principal, at the West
End Hotel. The Selover family is of not
much financial consequence. They will
probably survive a few years in history as
the placers of the Emma Mine on the Lon
don market and the succeeding ruin of
the reputation of General Schenck.
Having put that mine on the market,
and, by Sehenck’s endorsement of it,
having given it a lofty value, the Selo
vers and their friends, solely conscious
of the Emma Mine’s weakness, began to
sell the stock short iu large blocks. Of
course it fell, and they pocketed the dif
ference.
There are two Selovers—Jim and the
Major. They control the Gentile news
paper at Salt Lake City, or did control
it as long as they were manipulating
Utah mines. Three-fourths of the fuss
for the Inst six years against the Mor
mons was their connection. If they
could not have everything their own
way in Utah they deluged the East with
tales of Mormon atrocities. Jim Sel
over, when sober, is an agreeable man,
“Major” Selover has a very poor reputa
tion on the street. He is said to be
guile his brokers into buying or selling
stock “on joint account.” If there is a
profit he getß his half without risk; if
no profit or a loss, he does not come for
ward with his oheck. Such a man re
ceives very little sympathy when he
whips a little fellow like Gould, “Ma
jor” Selover ranks in Wall street as a
blowhard. He is a red-whiskered man,
very much down in the mouth when
down. Three years ago he figured in a
campaign against Western Union Tele
graph—a stock very assailable because
of its large capital and the few formid
able men like Morgan and Vanderbilt
behind it, and also because of the ease
with which opposition lines are built.
It costs but little above SIOO a mile to
construct telegraphs through a virgip
wooded region. General Eokort told
me, if I remember well, that for $lO6 a
mile he built the Atlantio and Pacific
Telegraph from Louisville to New Or
leans.
Jay Gould, bad as his reputation is at
the present time, is a conservative capi
talist. He owns the only railroad be
tween the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans,
except at Panuma. His ambition and
desire are to keep that property up to a
dividend-paying figure. Everybody pre
dicted that it would break him, but by
retaining great legal counsel nnd having
an inherently strong case Goqld won
two great suits for his rights in the
railroad, and meantime squelched his
enemies in Pacific Mail, the only active
rival to his railroad. He got a judg
ment against the Mail Company for
moneys advunoed, etc., and made them
pay him about $3,000,000 from an
empty exchequer. This loss crippled
the company and virtually threw it out
of competition. Gould has inexhausti
ble resources, both pecuniary and legal.
His wealth is believed to be underrated.
His audacity is startling. He pays for
information moro than the elder Ben
nett ever paid for news. He works
night and day, and is the only man to
whom the street phrase does not apply,
that “early information and a large
bank account will burst anybody.”
fteciiftta Arrival on tlie Streef.
Keene came to Jfew jforfc with about
two millions of dollars, made in assault
ing the Bonanza mining stooks of Cali
fornia. He produced the panic which
flattened out all speculations on that
side. Born in England, he came to
America when a boy and showed obsti
nate qualities as an operator. He is a
slight man, bine eyed, with a large au
burn moustache and a clear, natty look,
out of health most of the while. He
was induced by Major Selover aud other
Californians to halt awhile in New York
and began speculating through the house
of Samuel Bocock. At that juncture a
bull campaign was put up by Sam Mills,
the most substantial man on the street,
and assisted by Frank Work and others.
Keene applied tq be lpt into that pool.
When apprised of i(s extept and con
duct he brought about a union with Jay
Goqld through Relden and Cohen, two
middlemen, Mills 4 Cos. were “double
banked," or sold out, and Keene made
another million, through Gould’s assist
ance. Then Keene essayed a general
bull campaign on his own account, asso
ciating himself with Russell Sage, Selo
ver and others. He found Jay Gould not
inclined to enter into it. Gould departed
for California to look at his Union Paci
fic Railroad. In his absence K eene mani
pulated the control of the Atlantic and
Pacific Telegraph out of Gould’s hands.
Gould had built it, spent his paoney
freely to kpep it hnfl qsec} it (p break
down telegraph rafp@, so sa" *0 “bear”
Western fjnibn Telegraph, of which he
was short. Seeing that Keene was pos
sessed of bis line Gould felt ugly. He
quietly slipped the telegraph stock off
on Russell Sage and Mr. Keene and
loaded them up with that onerous and
unprofitable responsibility. Neverthe
less, he did not betray his owp plans,
and silently associated himself with the
Western Union interest 'and began to
take up Western'Union stock qs it was
offered. Comm o d°ro Garrison also let
himself out of Atlantic and Paoiflo Tele
graph. The great railroad strike came
off, and Gould was short of stocks gen
erally. Keene and Russell Sage were
loaded up. These men and thair unim
portant coadjutors had to hold the wholp
market up. Gould affected giye a
little assistance, hut really hold lip the
only stock pf which they ’were' short—
Western fin ion. 'Selover, Kepnp qnd
others' traced Spypral bJpPak of this
stock t° Relden -Gould's broker. Then
they saw their infirmity. They were
loaded np with Rock Island, St. Paul
preferred, Northwestern, Lake Shore
and Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph. To
support all those stocks they had to put
their hands in their pockets and b/uy. i
Selover soon went under and attacked
Gould with his fislg. '
“I mpaut 'to break his back on that
area railing," says Selover, "but he slip
ped through and saved himself.”
The same day Selover made the at
tack Western Union went to 75. Mr.
Gould changed hi ß residence from Mon
mouth Reach to Irvington, North river,
either rCaffy or tfresumptuorisly to get
near Hr.' William Vanderbilt and Mr.
William Orton. tfce Long Branoh
crowd of brokers were left disconsolate.
They possessed control of a telegraph
which oould not earn a cent, and whose
President, General Eckert, was a pro
tege and creation of Jay Gould. It was
marked down already to seventeen cents
on the dollar. Gould had deserted the
mere band of operators and had joined
the select coterie of investors arid; capi
talists. He bad ruthlessly abandoned his
own creation and favorite wrecking com
pany and got rid of millions of burcfen.
He had pulled kiftsety W, or pulled
down to b'e leyef the richest and least
unpopular of great capitalists, the Mor
gans, Vanderbilts, etp. Hia own rail
road wag oqt of danger and he had no
great expense account to continue. Mr.
James Keene is therefore left solely de
pendent on the equity and candor of
Mr. Russell Sage, tho old fox of opera
tors. When Sage lays his own load
gently on Keene’s shpuiqers Ana says;
“Mv dear fallow, from tfie seating sun,
carry it awhile undividedly,” that mar
ket will be as' heavy on Mr. Keene’s
shoulders as the sky pressed m ihe tail
of Chicken-Little in Rio story,
TbjS the tong account'of years finds
Goiua still the Admirable Crichton yl
operators ; it finds Mf, v-ander
hilt more uhOertaio of the great
estate eptailed upon him than be had
ever believed possible, Mr. Vanderbilt
is nothing more than a man nnder obli
gations to that same Gould whom Com
modore Vanderbilt repeatedly denounc
ed as a scoundrel, looking his char
acter. What now is to become of the
new telegraph line, strytyhydlput yes-
$2 A YEAR—POSTAGE PAID
terday to New Orleans, and sending dis
patohes every way for twenty-five cents
a message? That Atlantio and Pacific
Line is now Keene’s and Sage’s not
Gonld’s. It can earn no dividends at
existing rates. If it puts up tho rates
Western Union puts up rates also, and
more readily earns a dividend, and so
appreciates a stock of which Mr. Keene
and Cos. are short. Only two weeks ago
Keene and Cos. were propping np the
market with a report that these tele
graph companies were to be consoli
dated. It is now certain that such can
not be the result. Therefore, the littler
oompnny must languish ou, heedless,
parentless, a mere estray, until Jay
Gould brings claims against it for money
advanced, saddles it with judgments anil
seizes the property. Such. j for the pres
ent, is the result of telegraph competi
tion in the United States. Gath.
GEORGIA ANTIQUITIES.
An Ancient monument Itevisileil.
[For the Chronicle and Constitutional i.<|
Near the close of n Spring day in 1776
Mr. William Bartram, who, at the ro
request of Dr. Fothergill, of Loudon,
had been for some time studying tbe
flora of Carolina, Georgia and Florida,
forded Broad river just above its conflu
ence with the Savauuab, and became the
guest of tbe commanding officer at Fort
James. This fort, which he describes
as “a four-square stockade, with saliant,
bastions at each angle, mounted with a
block house where are some swivel guns,
one story higher than the curtains,
which are pierced with loop holes,
high, and defended by small
arms,” was situated on an eminence in
the forks of tho Savannah and Broad,
equidistant from those rivers, aud from
the extreme point of land formed by
their union. Fort Charlotta was located
about a mile below, on the left bank of
the Savannah. Tho stockade of Fort
James was an acre in extent. Within
this enclosure were a substantial house
for the commandant, officers’ quarters,
and barracks for the garrison consisting
of fifty rangers, well mounted, and arm
ed each with a rifle, two dragoon pis
tols, a hanger, a powder horn, a shot
pouch and a tomahawk.
For a distance of two miles the penin
sula above the fork was laid out for a
town called Dartmouth, in honor of the
earl who had exerted his influence in
procuring from the king a grant and
special privileges in favor of the Lillian
Trading Company of Georgia. For the
defense of the territory, knowu as the
New Purchase, and containing some
two million acres, had this fort been
erected aud maintained.
Dartmouth never realized its early ex
pectations. After a short and feeble
existence it gave place to Petersburg,
which, during tho continuance of tho
tobacco culturo iu Georgia, attracted a
considerable population, and was re
garded as a plaee of no little commer
cial importance.
Attended by tbe polite surgeon of the
garrison, Bartram made an excursion up
tie Sayannah river “to inspect some re
markable Indian monuments” four or
five miles above the fort. Of them bo
writes as follows : “These wonderful
labors of tho ancients stand in a level
plain very near the bank of tho liver,
now 20 or DO yards from it. They consist
of oonical mounts of earth, and four
square terraces, eto. The great mount
is in the form of a cone, about forty or
fifty feet high, and the circumference of
its base two or three hundred yards, en
tirely composed of the loamy, rich earth
of the low grounds; the top or apex is
fiat; a spiral path pr track leading from
the ground up to the top is still visible,
where now grows a large, beautiful
spreading red cedar (Juniperus Ameri
cana); there appear four niches exca
vated out of the sides of the hill, at dif
ferent heights from the base, fronting
tho four cardinal points; these niohes or
sentry boxes are entered into from the
winding path, and seem to have been
meant for resting places or lookouts.
The circumjacent grounds are oloared
and planted with Indian corn at present,
and I think the proprietor of these lands,
who accompanied us to this plape, said
that the mount itself yielded above one
hundred bushels in one season. Tho
lands hereabouts is indeed exceeding
fertile and productive.”
Unable satisfactorily to determine the
procise object the aborigines had in con
templation iu the oreotion of this strik
ing monument, ho hazards the conjec
ture that (ho Judians formerly possessed
a town on the river hank, and raised
this mount as “a retreat aud refuge in
oase of inundations, which are unforeseen,
and surprises them very suddenly Spring
aud Autumn.
What were the uses of tho smaller
elevations he does not suggest.
Wishing to note the changes which
might have occurred during the past
hundred yearn, we visited these tumuli
a few Weeks since. Tho attendant
mounds—which are mainly grave
mounds—had been materially wasted by
the plow share and the influences of the
varying seasons. The tetragon terraces
had lost their distinctive outline, and
were little more than gentle elevations;
their surfaces littered with shreds of
pottery and flint chips, and occasionally
with fragments of human bones. Fresh
ets had sadly marred tho level of the
adjacent space. Overleaping tho river
bank, the turbid waters had carved
deep pathways in the surface of the
valley on both sides of the “ groat
mount.” There if remained, however,
wholly unaseoted by these unmmal cur
rents, It had evidently suffered no per
ceptible diminution in its recorded di
mensions. The Savannah river still pur
sued its long established channel, but,
“the four niches o;> spayg, bows," if
they formerly existed were entirely gone,
and of "titf spiral path or track leading
frMl the ground up to the top ” wo could
discover no trace. On the south a road
way, about fifteen feet wide and com
mencing at a point some distance from
the base of the mound, leads with a re
gular grade to the top. This manifestly
furnished the customary moans of as
cent, as the sides ry too precipitous for
convenient climbing. This feature seems
to flavy escaped Mr. RarUram’s observa
tion.
Not V.ayjPfi been cultivated for many
years, the apex and sides of this trun
cated cone are now clothed in a luxu
riant growth of trees and swamp cane.
Attired in such attractive garb, this
tumulus forms a marked object iu the
profile of the beautiful ajij fertile
valley from which it springs. Proofs
°f long occupancy by the
of (tie adjacent territory
are abundant. Ancient burial places,
the si tea of old villages, traces of
open ftif work shops for the manufac
ture of implements of jasper, quartz,
chert and green and soap stone, refuse
piles, and abandoned fishing resorts are
by no meaus infrequent along both
banks of tbe Savannah river for many
miles. Upon the advent o* the Euro
pean the mvn l \n?ikcnnt valley was found
and m ” cultivation by the red
inw who here had fixed abodes and
Were associated in considerable nunr\"
bers. The Southern tribes, in the six
teenth century, largely upon
maize, pumpkins and melons.
Theae they planted, tended anil harvest
ed regularly. Of their agricultural
: labors at the dawn of the historic period
we have full accounts
So augqst are the proportions of this
largest mound that we are persuaded it
rises beyond tho dignity of an artificial
plaee of retreat, elevation for chieftain
lodge, or mound of observation. It ap
pears entirely probable that it was a
temple-mound, built for snn worship,
and that it forms one of a vmll ascertain
ed series pf similar struct arcs still ex
tant within (he. limits of the Southern
, These Florida Tribe a, as they
were called in the days af jheSoto, wor
shipped the and were frequently
engaged iq the labor of mound build
ing. Gver them ruled kings who exer
cised powers well nh despotic. Often
were the concentrated labors of the na
tion directed to the accomplishment of
allotted tasks. Hence, within the terri
tory occupied by these people, we find
many traces of early constructive skill
of unusual magnitude.
The material employed yu, erecting
this large tumulus differs from the soil
of surrounding Bottom. It is a
dark eolored, tenacious clay, while the
surface of the valley is covered with a
micaceous loam readily dissolving into
an almost impalpable powder. Near by
, ore no'trapes of pits or excavations. Nor
are there indications that any earth was
scraped ud ground the base. These
fqcts afforded confirmation of the state-
I rnent made by the present owner of the
plantation upon which these tumuli are
located, that the big mound had been
built with clay brought from the Caro
lina aide of the Savannah rivet. There
clay abounds; and we were informed
that in the side of the hill immediately
opposite the. excavations may still be
seen whence the tough material was
i obtained for heaping up this mound,
There being no boat a( baynl we were
unable to cross the river aud make a
personal examination of the locality.
No monuments are more enduring than
these earth-mounds. They are, under
certain conditions, almost indestructible
by time. Some we know have retained
their identity for more than twenty-five
hundred years, so ancient are the cir
cular barrows near Sardis, in Asia
Minor. In the Western World we oil
counter tumuli so old that iu the effort
to ascertain their probable age wo are
lost in the mazes of a remote an
tiquity. One hundred years ago Bar
tram regarded this pile as an ancient
wonder, “worthy of every traveler’s no
tice.” Unless undermined by the swollen
waters of tho tawuy-bned Savannah, it
will stand through centuries yet. uuborn,
apparently crowing none the older, aud
confirming tho former existence of na
tions that have passed from lienco for
ever. This tumnlus is one of the finest
within the limits of Georgia, and should
be classed with the truucated pyramids
on Tumlin’s plantation in tlie Etowah
valley, with the largest of the East Ma
con mounds, and with that frustum of a
four-sided pyramid on Messier’s place,
in Early county.
Charles C. Jones, Jr.
Augusta. Ga., August, 11, 1877.
— ■
DEATH OF A PIIII,ANTi!KOPI!ST.
All Indiana lUillionairit When? Money
"('anno! Ooiiie.^
Terre Haute, Tnd., August 14
Chauncey Rose died to-day aged 83
Ho was tbe originator nr.d' first Presil
dent of the Terre Hante and India
napolis Railroad and a prime mover in
tlie Evansville and Crawfordsville, tho
Evansville, Terre Haute and Chicago
nnd the A amlalia Rofuls. Ho lias given
large sums for charit.ahlo and benevo
lent purposes, which aggregate more
than two mil lions. He has lately built
and endowed the Rose Polyteohnie In
stitute of this city and made provision
for the erection nnd endowment, of the
Vigor County Orphan Home.
THE COMING COTTON CROP,
Report ol’ the AitricMliiirnl Department—A
Splendid Showing— Heavy Crops in the
IHUxissippi Valley—Tlie General Average—
Caterpillar** in Texas.
Washington, August 15.—The cotton
report of the Department of Agriculture
makes an unusual showing of tho con
dition for the month of August, no ma
terial decline being apparent from the
status in July. Tho general average for
July was ninety-threo and four-tenths;
in August it is ninety-three. No State
averages a stand higher than in 1876,
except those of Louisiana and Florida.
The States of the greatest production
especially those west of the Mississppi]
are those reporting the highest con
dition. The estimates are as follows •*
North Carolina, 88; South Carolina, 88-
Georgia, 85; Florida, 93; Alabama, 94;
Mississippi, 90; Louisiana, 106; Texas
96; Arkansas, 93; Tennessee, 90. On
the Atlantic coast there is frequent men
tion of inferior fruiting. Iu tho Caro
lines thero has been too much sucoa
leceo of growth iu consequence of
abundant moisture. In Georgia anil
Alabama there has been some injury
from drouth, but tbe weather has
lately been more seasonable. It bus
been too wet in much of Missis
sippi, and some cotton on the cotton,
lands in Tippoh connty have been
abandoned from this cause. In Louisi
ana the promise is extraordinary. lu>
Concordia parish tho host crop since
1870 is expected ; in Union, tho best
since 1860. The prospect in Texas is
marred by the appearanoe of the cater
pillars, More than half of tlie counties
reported are infested, not seriously yet.
except in a few cases. In Lavaoea the
bulk of tho orop is destroyed. In Gon
zales seventy-live per cent, is a complete
wreck! where preventives were not
used. Poison is successfully applied
by prudent planters. The caterpillar
has appeared in the parishes of St. Lau
dry, Uiohlaml and Claiborne, in Louisi
ana; in Perry, Wilcox and Conecuh, iu
Alabama; in Columbia, Florida- and ia
Brooks, Georgia.
'A PERSONAI. DIFFICULTY.
Dv. Tmhi* of llarnvt’Hl, Shot by Hcmitmc Dim..
rail —Tlie Wound Not Dan go rota*.
Tho following account of a shooting
affray at Barnwell Court House is
made up from several different reports
sent to tlie News and Courier by corre
spondents, who ware not, however, eye
witnesses of the affair:
An unfortunate difficulty occurred at
Barnwell village, ou Saturday, between.
Dr. G. R. C. Todd, Dr. J. A. Duncan
and George Duncan, tho sou of Dr„
Duncan, a youth about 16 years old.
The accounts of the affray are conflict
ing. As the story goes, the two older
men (Todd aud Duncan) met in Poch
man’s bar room, and became involved ia
some dispute about professional mat
ters, in which harsh words aud insinua
tions were freely indulged in. Dr. Todd
went hurriedly aeross to Easterling’s
store and, according to one account, re
quested Mr. Robert Easterling to lend
him a pistol. While in the store Dm
Duncan entered, accompanied bv his
sou, and demanded a retraction w the,
language used in tho altercation ut the
bar room. This being refused, Dr.
Todd was attacked Mr. Dunoau, and a
general scuffle ensued. George Duncan
drew his pistol, and Dr. Todd seized it
and attempted to wrest it away, while
Dr. Duncan struck him several blows
with a stick and counter weight. Dur
ing the struggle George Duncan fired,
striking Dr. Todd in the, breast, about
an inch to tho left of apd just below the
left nipple. Dr. Todd then caught
young Duncan, by the throat with both
hands, and was only prevented from
strangling him by the efforts of persons
who had by this time interfered. It, was
found that tbe ball bud struck on a rib,
glanced around and lodged in the
muscles nnder tho loft shoulder blade
beneath the skin, inflicting a serious but.
not necessarily dangerous wound.
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE FAITH.
Till) Pori Uo.val Bnilroail Kiiiloroeil Bond..
Editors Chronicleand Constitutionalist:
Rumors of repudiation, in one form
or another, are rife in the land. So long
aB this continues how can we expect the
restoration of confidence for which every
thinking man longs ? I am glad that
our leading men are speaking ont on
this question in Georgia. Such men as
ex-Gov. Jenkins are found to be solicit
ous for ifie commercial standing of tmir
several communities. The view these,
gentlemen take is that wo cannot afford
to repudiate debts we honestly owe.
Whether those debts were contracted ili
rectly or by endorsement does not mat
ter. I Lave in this instance espeeiui
reference to the Port Royal en
dorsed bonds. Legal quibbles cannot
destroy moral and commercial obliga
tions. I would direct tho attention of
the Directors of the Georgia Railroad,
who are opposed to the payment of these
bonds in question, to the manlj utter
ances of Col. Holliday and Gon. Walker,
nominees respectively for the Governor
ship and Lieutenant-Governorship of
-the “Old Dominion.” Col. Holliday
says : “As to the State debt, lam op
posed to repudiation. I would not have
such a stigma oast upon my State any
more than I would upon my private
fame." Gen. Walker says : “Repudia
tion is theft, compulsory readjustment,
highway robbery.” The act of endorse
ment as to the bonds mentioned in the
; foregoing was the result of a careful
canvass of the situation. The Georgia
Railroad authorities determined that it
was to their best interest that the Port
Royal Road should be constructed, and
they loaned the enterprise their credit.
Upon this credit our people invested in
these bonds. It may not be iu the
minds of tho Directors to repudiate tho
bonds outright. We are left to conjec
ture cm this point; may ehance they
may adopt the readjustment plan, which
Gen. Walker so vigorously denounces as
highway robbery. (j
Austin Mullnrky & Cos.
Mr. Austin Mullarky, one of our most
enterprising dry goods has
associated with hinu in the wholesale
and retail dry goods business, Mr. Wm.
Horkan, and _,ir. Patrick D. Horkan,
.- ij i;r m name and style
of Austih Mullarky & Cos., and will carry
on business at the store lately occupied
by Mullarky Brothers. Mr. Wm. Hor
kan has been for sometime with Mr. Mc-
Creary, in Colr.iabia, South Carolina,
and Mr. Patrick D. Horkan has for
years been iu the establishment of Mul
larky Brothers. We wish the new firm
a long career of prosperity.
Miss Emma H. Garrison has been ap
pointed postmistress at Gillsville.