Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

VOL 4.] * PUBLISHED WEEKLY VHOZOAS A. 3PA6TCVS. (£p TERMS—The Washington News is pub ished weekly, at Four Dollars a year; or Three Dollars, if paid one half in advance, the oth er at the expiration of six months. Dir* No subscription will be received for a less term than six months. —All arrearages riiust be paid before any subscription can be discontinued, but at the option of the proprietor. O’ A failure to notify a discontinuance at the end ofthe year, will be considered as anew en gagement. fI ZP Advertisements (except those published monthly) will be inserted conspicuously at 7o cents per square for the first insertion, aidso cents for each continuance.—ls the number of insertions is Dot specified, will be continued until forbid, and charged accordingly. O* All advertisements published monthly will be charged one dollar per square for each in sertion. ter Letters must be post puid, or they will be charged to the writers. O'For the information of our advertising friends, w J e publish the following Law Requisites. Sales of Land and Negroes, by Administrators Executors or Guardians, are required, by law, to be held on the first Tuesday in the month, be tween the hours often in the forenoon and three in the afternoon, at the Court-House of the.cotlh ty in which the property is situate.—Notice of these rules riiust be given in a gazette SIXIY days previous to the day of sale. Notice of the sale of personal property must be given in tike ratmuer, FORTY days previous to ihe day of sale. Notice to the debtors and creditors t>fan estate, SDust be puhlished for FORTY days. Notice that application will be made to the Court j©f Ordinary for leave to sell land, or Negroes, must be published lot FOUR MONTHS. == NOTICE. ALL persons having demands h gainst the estate of Fedcr ick Patterson, late of Oglethorpe county deceased, are requested to present them duly authenticated, and those indebted will please make immediate payment as indulgence will not be given. John Rupert, adra r. June 14th -1630. 1 —fit. BIOTICE, indebted to the es jl tate of Mrs. Cecelia Porter de ceased, late of Wilkes county, are called on to make early payment; and all those having claims against the said estate, are hereby required to present them to the subscriber, properly authenticated within the time prescribed by law, or this will tie plead in bar against them. A. 11. Gibson, adtn’r. ! June 28, 1830. 2—6 t. DISSOLUTION, THE firm of John and James Anderson is this day dissolved by mutual consent. John It Anderson, James M. Anderson. , June 21, 1830'. I—3t LAW. Robert ?f. Toombs, OFFERS his professional ser vices to the public. —lie will practice in the several courts of the Northern circuit.—Office, Washing ton, Wilkes county, Georgia. June 21, 1830. I—lm. Printersl Printers! A YOUNG MAN from the City of New York, by profession a Printer, is desirous of taking charge of the Typographical Department o! a Printing Establishment, in some healthy situation.-—-Unquestionable Reference can be produced. —Any Communication, [postage paid,] sta ting positive particulars, as to Lo cation, Terms, &c. &c. addressed ed to the Editor of the “Gospel JJerald,” AUGUSTA, GEORGIA, will m “‘‘t with attention. ,rr t-riimr.,” tieor K‘ aand A,abama . are ~p _ *0 insert ihe at. -> , t c .1 1 qwesiea ,unts to the ai tl:e Go! P d ward .their ... Herald” in Augusta. i_— ljt June 21, 1830. j, ——- ■ ~ Four months ai*. e, ‘ date application will be made to the Honorable the inferior Court of Oglethorpe county, when sitting for Ordinary purposes, for leave to sell a the interest of John Thompson, deceased, m and to Lot N* 116 formerly fi dliClct Coweta county Thomas Moody, adm r. April Ist. ISHO. Four months after on will he mode to tte Honorable ****.’ “.WinfVoJ. < of Elbert county while sitting thelntermt for leave to sell a part of Z Carter, late of said County deceased. , Richard Fortspn, ex r. A|*i23d, 1838. WASHINGTON, (GA.) TUESDAY, JULY (i, 1830. Johnson ’a Report. UNITED STATES SENATE, January, 1829. The Committee to whom was ref erect the several petitions on the subject ofniails on the Sabbath, or the Ist dau ofthe week. REPORT: That some respect is required frditi the ordina ry vocations of life, is an established principle sanctioned by the usages of uli nations, whether Christian or Fagan One day in seven has also beendetermined upon as the proportion of time; and in conformity with the wishes of the great majority df citizens of this country, the first day ofthe week, commonly called Sunday, has been set apart to that object. The principle has re ceived die sanction of the national legislature, so far as to udinit a suspension of all public business on that day, except in cases of absolute necessity, or of great public utility. This principle, the committee would not wish to disturb. Jf kept within its legitimate sphere of action, no injury can result from its observation. It should, how ever, be kept in mind, that the proper object of government is, to protect all persons in enjoy ment of their religions, as well as civil rights; and not to determine for auy, whether they shall es teem one day above another, orcsteein all days alike holy. | We are aware, that a variety of sentiment ex ists among the good citizens of this nation, on the subject ofthe Sabbath day ; and our govern ment is designed for the protection of one, as much as for another. The Jews, who, in this country areas free as Christians, and entitled to Che same protection from the laws, derived their obligation, to keep the .bubbath from the fourth com mandment of their decalogue, ami in conformity with that injunction, pay religious homage to the seventh day ofthe week, which \yo call Saturday. One dcnommaiion of Christians among us, justly celebrated for their piety, and certainly as good citizens as any other class, agree win the Jews in the moral obligation of the Sabbath, and observe the same day. There are also many Christians among us. who derive not their obligation to ob serve the Sabbath from the decalogue, but re gard the Jewish Sabbath as abrogated. From the example of the Apostles of Christ they have chosen the first day ofthe week, iustead of that day set apart in the decalogue, for their religious devotions. These have generally regarded the observance of the day as a devotional exercise, and would not more readily enforce it upon o thers, than they would enforce secret prayer„or devout meditations. Urging the fact that neither their Lord nor his disciples, though often censur ed by their accusers for a violation of the Sab* I bath, ever enjoying its observance, they regard it as a subject on which every person should be fully persuaded in his dwn mind, and not coerce others to act upon his persuasion. Many Chris tians again dilFcr from these, professing to de rive their obligation to observe the Sabbath from the fourth commandment of tiic Jewish deca logue, and bring the example of the Apostles, who appear to have held their public meetings for worship on the first day ofthe week, as authority for so fur changing the decalogue, as to substitute that day for the seventh. The Jewish govern ment was a theocracy, which enforced religious observances; and though the-committee would hope that no portion ofthe citizens of our country j could willingly introduce a system of religious J coertion in our civil institutions, the example ol i other nations should admonish us to yare- i fully against its uni ties* intliccUiuu, f N'illi tk diflW.-- w.views, the com- j I ‘'Uttee dtp f>f inat Congress cannot inter- ; sere. It is not the legitimate province ofthe le geslature to determine what religion is true, or what fahte. Otir government is a civil, and uot a religious institution. Our Constitution recogniz es in every person, the right to choose his own religion, and to enjoy it freely, without molesta tion Whatever may be the religious sentiments of citizens, and however varient, they arc alike entitled to protection from the government, so long as they do not invade the rights of others. Tiie transportation of the mail ou the first day ofthe week wit is believed, docs not interfere with the rights of conscience The petitioners for its discontinuance appear to be actuated from a reli gious zeal, wL • h may be commendable if confin ed to its proper sphere; but they assume a posi tion better sailed to an ecclesiastical than to a ci vil institution.—They appear, in many instances, | to lay it down as an axiom, that the practice is a j violation of the law of God. Should congress, in j their legislative capacity, adapt the sentiment, it i would establish the principle, that the Legisla ture is a proper tribunal to determine what are the laws of God. It would involve a legislative decision in a religious ( ontroversv: and ou a point in which good citizens may honestly differ in opi nion, without disturbing the peace of the society, or endangering its liberties. If thift principle is once introduce, it will be impossible to define it bounds. Among all the religious persecutions with which almost evftry page of modern history is stained, no victim ever suffered bjit for the vio- lation of what government denominated the law of God. To prevent a similar train of evils in this j country the C onstitution has wisely withheld from j our government the power ot defining the Divine i Law. It is a right reserved to each citizen; and j while he respects the equal rights of others, lie cannot be held amenable to any human tribunal for his conclusions. Extensive religious combinations, to effect a po litical object, are, in the opinion of the commit tee, always dangerous. This firs 4 efifort of the kind, calls v for the establishment of ti principle, which in the opinion of committee, would lay the the foundation of dangerous innovations upon the spirit of the Caoctitution, and upon the religious rights of the citizens. If admitted, it may be justly apprehended, that the future measures of government will be strongly marked, if not even tually controlled, by the same influence. All re ligious despotism conmences by combination and influence: and when that influence begins to 4- perate upon the political institutions of a country, the civil power soon bends under it; and the catastrophe of other nations furnished an awful warning of the consequence. Under the present regulation of the Post Office DepJ rtment , t,ie r '&^ ts of conscience are not in vaded %cr y Q S ent enters voluntarily, and it ” limed con’' dcmioils *J '‘. nto “. ,e discharge of L dutie., without im‘" , “ rdi, "S '*“■ ■•- !„ce of another, l'ost olßc** are that a small proportion ofthe ~I S °* *' h . e week is required to he occupied in o.- ,<JUI D “ sl ’ ness. In the transportation of the mail v ll ‘fj® 1 day, no one agent is employed many hours. Re* ligious persons enter into the business without vi olating their own consciences, or impossing any restraints upon others.—Passengers in the mail stages are free to rest during the first day of the week, or to pursue their journeys at their ow n pleasure. While the mail is transported ou Sa turday, the Jew and the Sabbatarian may abstain from any agency in carrying it, from conscien ious scruples. r * While it is transported on the first day of the week another class may abstain, *froip religious ofc;lifa- (tion of government is the s;fcic to both ol these classes ; uiul the committee cost dtsrm er no pi in uiple on which the claims of one should be mure respected than those of the other, unless it should beudinittcd that the conscience bf the minority arc less sacred than those ofthe majority. It is the opinion of the committee, that the sub ject should be regarded simply as a question of expediency, irrespective of its religious bearing. In this light, it hits hitherto bdeu considered. Congress lias never legislated upbn the subject. It rests as it ever has done, in tha legal disc.e tiou of the Po3tmister General, uneel* the repeal* ed refusals of Congress to discontinue the Sab bath mails. iJiskuowledge ami jtnscmeut in ail the concerns of that department, will not be questioned.—Hi# intense labors and assiduity have resulted in the highest improvement of eve ry branch or his department. It is jiactised on ly on the great leading mail routs,land such o thersas are Accessary to maintain their connex ions. Td prevent this, in tie opinion of the committee, be productive of immense injury, both in its commercial,political, asd in its mo ral bearings. ihe various departments of government re quire, frequently in peace, always in war, the speediest intercourse with the remotest parts of the country; and one important object of the mail establishment is* to furnish fhc greatest and most ecuuomirinl facilities lot such The delay’of the mails oi)p would require the employment sus, at greafexpenst, and The conHiiereial irtamthrt tta^BjpHKu !- 1 Dual interests of o<ir Pountt connected, as to require a i expeditious correspondence ‘■Rw i x tali’ 5, st&’H ports, ompbetwixt them amrjfe inost prtgirqV:| settlements. The delay of | Sunday, would give occasion to tf^Blwid.ol of private expresses; to such4an aMßfelhnt; juobabiy ten be one mail is ficfvv running oh diverting the revenue of ihnt lepdr(^|H||MHw^^ a state of pusiliauirnity! with dignity bf the government of which it is a depart- f ment. /. .. j Passengers in the mail stages, If the mails rtre ; not permitted to proceed on Sunday, will be ex- j peeled to spend that day in . tavern upon the road, generally under circumstances not friendly to devotion, and at an expense which many are bat poorly üblo to micormtcr. Tu obviate those diilicult Ci, many will employ extra carriages for their conveyance, and become the bearer* of correspondence, as more expeditions than the mail The stage proprietors will themselves of- I ten furnish tiie travellers with thote means of! conveyance; so that the effect will ultimately be j only to stop the mail, while the vehicle which j conveys it will continue, and its passengers be come the special messengers for conveying a con siderable proportion of what would otherwise constitute the contents of the mail. Nor can the committee discover where the sys tem could consistently end. If the observance of a holy day becomes Incorporated in our institu tions, bh 11 we not foibid the movement of an ar my ; prohibit an assault in time ot war; and lay an injunction upon our uaval officers to lie in the wind while upon the ocean on that day ? Consis tency would seem toTequire it. Nor Is it certain I that we should stop here. If thto principle is once j established, that religion, or religious observan- 1 J ces, shall be interwoven with our lcg'slutijtf? acts, J :we must pursue it to its ultimatum*—VVe shall, it I ieoiuute.it, provide Ivr til* ot ***‘ H *;“* ‘ | tor tnc Tvor> trrjr ,/t t ‘rrr v. reator, and for the stip- / | port of Christian ministers, if e believe such, : measures will promote the interest of Christiaui- j ty. It is the settled conviction of tlje tiiat the only method of avoiding, these conse quences, with their attendant train of evils, is to adhere strictly to the spirit ot the Constitution, which regards the general government in no <>- titer light than that of a civil institution, wholly destitute of the religious authority. What other nations call religious toleration, we call religious rights* They are not exercised, in virtue of governmental inditlgcAtt. but as rights, of which government cannot deprive any portion of citizens, however small. Despotic power may invade those rights, but justice still Confirms Jiciid Let the national legislature once perform an act which involves the decisiqd of a religious controversy, and it will have passed its j legitimate bounds. The precedent will then ! be established, and the foundation laid for thatu ! surpation ofthe Divine prerogative ill this coun j try, which has been the rfcsolating scou.g? to the - tairest portions of the old wurld. Our Constitu tion recognizes no other power than that of per* sualion, for enforcing religious observances. Let the professors of Christianity recommend their religion by deeds of benevolence—by Chris* tiun meekness—by lives of temperance and holi ness. Let them combine their efforts to instruct the ignorant—to relieve the widow and the or phan— to the world the gospel of their Saviour, recommending its precepts by their habitual o,x a m pie: government will find its legitimate object in protecting them. It cannot oppose them, and j they will not need its aid. Tk<-ir moral irufiu , etice will then do infiuately more to advance -the | true interests of religion, than any measures j which they call on Congress to enact, j The petitioners do not complain of any infringe ment upon their own rights. They enjoy all that Christians Ought to ask at the iiao i of any govern ment* —protection from all molestation in the ex ercise of their religious sentiments. Resolved, That the Committee be dischargad from the further consideration of the subject. EXTRACT FROM Mr. Lumpkin’s Speech,, On tiie!,ill providing for the removal ofthe Indians Mr. Chairman: Having given an outline Bfthe origin and progress of Indian emigration, and the support and favour whicli it has received from most of our distinguished states men and patriots, I noxv say, the experiment has J>een sufficiently tes ted, to induce'a’ targe majority of the people of t[iis Union ardently to desire its consummation. If it he inquired how I arrive at this conclu sion, I answer from the best index to public opinion— the press. At the pf@sent day, the press in our coun try is resorted to by every class of the community, civil and religious, to dissemminate their opinions. The press seems to keep pace with the formation of new societies;-and we bid fair to outstrip any people in the world in tiie number and variety oi societies. Every new society seems to he resolved to have a primt'tig press-, and I regret tu see so'inaivjTof these new societies—established, no doubt, fromgootl motives—throwing their support, on many occasions, into the scales of political dema gogues. Men the most profligate often.become the dictators of all the influence that these well-meaning people can bring into operation. Well, Sir, if the press be the best index to opinion, the people of this county are wuh us. 1 do not mean to he misunderstood, that more printing is done on our side than on the side of our opponents. No, Sir, they greatlV exceed us in quantity: but their printing is confi ned to a limited circle. I invite yottr attention to the tone ofthe press on this subject, in off the dif ferent sections mid neighborhhbds of the whole country. Even in those ‘sections ofthe Union wherewcmeet ‘-\jglh tbe most violent opposition, the 1 of'tbdjqjd'e&s, political and ..i“. op";onT side; and 1 en | tcrtianl tie fftflijiit hut the people in ! these sections give tonelo the press. : It is true, a combined few, from sel fish- and political considerations, have been led to great exertions iii fashionable mode of the day, in [getting up opposition to this meas j ure. YVe have been inundated with ; memorials, pamphlets, and speech es, made at society and town meet ings. But, Sir, let it be remem bered, that weak minorities always make the most noise. Contented conscious of their strength are never found praying forarc j dress of grievances. Suppose for a | tnufkicnt, that portion of the popula tion oltiie Union North and East of this place, tube equally divided on this question; the entire South and SouUiwest, with the exception of a few aliens to their own interest, are in favour oftlns measure; and I have no hesitancy in arriving at the con clusion, that much the larger por tion nt ttie religious community will j be found on our side of the question, j notwithstanding the dcuimcialions & , been pio / non need against us. This proceeds ! from u few leading religionists of j the new concert sect, or that class of ! philanthropists who are going up &. dotvu in the land seeking whom they may devour. The two wule-spread denominations, the Baptist and Me thodist, with whom 1 have hud an extensive and intimate intercourse through my whole life, I am sure ; will never lend themselves, in a uni ted manner, as religious bodies, to aid political factions or designing dema gogues. No, Sir, these denomina tions were sufficiently tested during ’thelate war. They stood by their country iu the field of battle, and breasted the storm of war. They could pray for you in their closets and their pulpits, without the fear of incurring Divine displeasure. One of these denominations (li mean Che Bac st) have, through then organs, the officers of their religious Boards, Conventions, and Associations, for years past, ut eve ry session of Congress, reminded you ofthe interest they feel and the la bors they have bestowed towards the great object of Indian civiliza tion. Moreover, they have expres sed their convictions, tiiat yo u- emi gration plan afiorded’the best and most permanent prospect ot success to their missionary efforts. Sir, no religious denomination in this coun try, as such, will he found unitedly giving themselves up into the hands of political men, to aid in the ob jects of political faction. It would be too tedious to name all the vari ous sects of our Country; but hav ing named one or two, 1 avail my self of this opportunity of saying, 1 have great respect lor most of the denominations in our country, and have no unfriendly feelings to any. 1 wish them all prosperity in all their attempts to benefit mankiqd. Our gooff and worthy Quaker friends, who huve been inemoraliz ing us onfthis subject, wll all come right as soon ns their misapprehen sions are corrected. When they ascertain that Georgia and President Jackson tpe by no mqans the advo •l catQS of war, famine, and 2>*>lilence, [New Series—No. 3. they will take us by the hand, and join us in .advancing measures of kindness, benevolence, and good will towards the Indians. Sir, tam not afraid lo trust tiio Quakers* The religious people of this country are in the lull enjoyment of religious liberty. It is all that the truly pi ous want. They want no “Christi an party in politics.” I profess tu admire that active spirit of Christian benevolence which has done so much for our common country, in tho cause of letters and morality. That religion whicli carries its saving in-, flueuce into families, congregations, and society in general, adorns its professors. The religious opposition to this measure is not cOntiued to any par* ticular sect, unless tje give a new name to a religious party in politics -ka party which has Some recruits from many, if not all,, the different sects of the country. It is this new sect of Concert Brethren, against whom I direct iny censures. These canting fatuities have placed them selves, upon this Indian question, behind ihe bulwarks of religion, and console themselves with the belief that the Georgians, whom they have denounceif as Atheists, Deists, Infi dels, and Sabbath breakefs, labour ing under the curse of slavery, will never he able to dislodge them from their strong position. Bir, 1 there fore feel that I stand pledged in duß ty to my constituents, to show td this House, and to thq, world, thai ‘these intermeddlers and disturbers of the peace and harmony of society have no just claims to-the protection of that impenetrable fortress in which they have hitherto found refuge and protection. 1 rely with entire con* faience hpon those who carry tho keys of this fortress; they will deli ver up the guilty, to he dealt with according to law and justice. “By their fruit ye shall know them.” Sir, before 1 pursue the course o S the opposition any further, I will remark, that l have so far confined myself principally to that -part of tiie subject whicli relates to the inte rest of the Indians; but there ara other interests which are entitled to a share Cr your consideration. Tho State of Georgia, one of whose Re* presentatives I am, has. from my. infancy till this day, been struggling with perplexing difficulties, strifes-, and heart-burnings, upon the sub ject of her Indian relutions. Yes r - Sir, amongst my earliest recollec tions are the wulls of an old fort, which gave protection to the women arifd children from the tomahawk & scalping knife oftlia Indians. And let me inform you, that, while the Indians have receded thousands of miles, before the civilized popular tion, in other sections of the Union, the frontier of Georgia has compara tively remained stationary. My pre sent residence is not more than one day’s travel troin the placeof the old .fort to which I alluded. It is but part of a day’s travel from my resi dence to the line of the CherokcA country. In entering upon this blanch of my subject, I find it‘necessary to summon un all the powers dfphilan thropy, io restrain feelings of indig nation and contempt for those who are nt this time straining every nervii and using every effort to perpetuate on the people Whom I represent the evils which they have borne for so many years; and whatever* has, ot # may l-e said to the contrary j 1 do verily believe, that no other State of this Union would have submitted, with equal patriotism, to the many ills and wrongs which we have re ceived ut the hands of those who were bound by the strongest human obli gations lo aid in reltcving us from Indian perplexities, give us justice, and assist iu the advancement of our peace, happiness, and prosper ity. Georgia, Sir, is one of the good old thirteen States; she entered the Union upon an equal footing with li ny of her sisters. She claims no r,, periority, but contends for ecpy'Jjjf”,’ That sovereignty which she cedes to all the rest, and \ V o U l t ! „• any time unite with then*, m defend” ing from all encraacl>*rjent, she will 1 muuituui lor Our soqjrX