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VOL. 4.] , ruBUSHi:w weekly YHOXOA3 A. PASTE VS. O” TERMS —The W ashington News is i>ul>- islie.l weekly, at four Dollars a year; or Tfirec Dollars, if pni<l one half tti advaucp, &. the oth er attlicexpiratioiiofsix mouiiis. ILT No subscription wiil be received for a less term than s*\ mont’a-.—AM arrearages must be paid before n.ty subscription can be discontinued, but at the optiopof the proprietor. IT? A f.iiurreto notify a disemdinuancc at tlic end of the year, will be considered as anew en gagement. [D’ Advertisements (except those published monthly) will be inserted conspicuously at To cents per square for tha first insertion, and 50 cents for eacli cuntiiiiuyice.—lf the number of insertions is not specified, they will be coif inued until forbid, and charged accordingly. [LJ* All adver isenients published monthly wili be charged one dollar per square bn* each in sertion. Loiter# must he post paid, or they will be charged to the writers. ITP I'pr the information of our advertising iv&the folio.. ing Law Httfiii silts. ** Sales of l!aiui and r.ffi-•', by Adim.iistrators Executors or Guardians, r>.: require*!, by )-*w, fb be held on the first Tuesday in thr month, be tween the hours often in the forenoon and three i>i the afternoon, at the Court-House oi the coun ty in which the property is situate.—N.!;cc oi Uhrse rules must be given in a gazette hit XI r days previous to the day of sale. Notice of the sale of personal property must be j given in like manner, FORTY days previous to! the day of sale. Notice to the debtorsand creditors of an estate. : ma t be published for FORTY days. Notice that application will be made to IlieCourt j of Ordiuary for leave to sell land, or Negroes.. • lgu*t be published for FOUR MONTHS. ~ MfLLEDGEVILOr"” jpt&stgufe : LOTTERY. J(m Fri ses to be Drawn! ! ! j On Tuesday The first day of March next. Tllh Fourth Day’s Drawing will be comirfftnced, at which time will be deposited the following Capital Prizes in addition to those yet remaining in the Wheel, vi_; 1 Ptizc of §15,000 j 1 Pj izc of ijHiOO 1 do “ 1,000 1 do *“ 500 1 do >’ 000 I 1 do “ 400 J do •• 800 1 do •< 300 1 do “ 700 j 1 do “ ‘ i!00 W liich will make the list of Prizes, then to be floating, stand as lollows, 1 of $15,000 2 of ‘ 10,000 1 of 5.000 3 of 1,000 3 of 900 3 of 800 2 of 700 2 of 000 4 of 500 4 of 400 4 of 300 3 of 200 15 of 100 35 of 50 Besides Twenty’s and Ten’s. The. Board o ('Commissioners have resolved to commence the 4th Day’s Drawing with ONE THOUSAND PHIZES, and to continue such an arrangement of the subsequent drawings as will bring the Lottery to a speedy issue. Those who have vested their funds in this Lottery may calculate on being very soon relieved from their suspenso, and those who have not yet purchased Tickets must “t/o •what they do quickly.” PRICE” OF TICKETS—WhoIe §10 —shares in proportion. Until the first day of March next, tickets may be had at the present prices hv applying to BRADFORD MERRY. James M. Anderson, Agent Washington, Jan. 21, 1831. ” ttTkeNtT mHAT well constructed Store, JH_ on the West side of the pub lic square, lately occupied by U. F. Case. It is calculated for a Dry Good Store, and Grocery? having two rooms fronting the square. Or it wiil answer for two stores. It Inis an excellent cellar, and a private room attached to each tenement. 1 will rent one or both tenements, on reasonable terms. John D. Thompson. ."Washington, Sept. 27,1830. 15—ts. WASHINGTON, (GA.) SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1831. Ji ist llcccivcd , BY SJCHAHDS & &A3KAH&, AT TTIEiU Book, Stationary, fy Musical Store, A o. ZstQ Broad-Street, AUGUSTA. A LARGE SUPPLY OF THE FOLLOWING WORKS, Yldj! ERCER’s Cluster, Methodist ! ITJL Hymns, Zion’s Songster, Family Bibles of all descriptions, Pocket do do Wyeth &, Smil, and Settel’s Music, Woodbridgc’s, Cmnming’s, Siny loy’s, Adams’, Morse’s and Wil lo rd’s Geography and Atlas, Murray’s Grammar, Reader, Key, j and Exercise, ] Smylcy’s and Hawley’s Federal Cal culator, | Pike & Daboll’s Arithmatic, | Walker’s Dictionary, With a full supply of all other i School, Classical, Miscellaneous, i Law and Medical ! Stay. Stave cn /ttnu/j t I, SOO Reams of Foolscap, Letter, and other paper, [ £Q,QQO Quills, of various qualities, 1 2w£& dozen Webster’s Spelling , Books, 5U Gross Almanacs for 2.531” AND A LARGE STOCK Os MtevMt ASObUS, OF EVERY DESCRIPTIOX. Also, a good supply of* Violins, Flutes, Clarionets, Guitars, Sc Fifes, 1 and a good assortment of Piano and Guitar music. AND ALSO, A Large Assortment t GARDEN SEEDS,! warranted fresh from the Shakers.! 0y“ Country Merchants are invi- j ted to coll and examine for them-1 selves. They wiil find their stock 1 complete ami good, and as cheap as they can be sold in the southern j country. (T?“ All orders will be promptly attended to. Augusta, Dec. 15. 1830. 31—12 l CCy 2 * The Washington News, Geer- j gia Journal, Macon Messenger and Athenian, will publish the above weekly twelve times, and forward their accounts. Congress tonal . HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Jan. 11. Mr. Hayses submitted the following-'*.••.fluliou, aiirt rv*ouiiid on offering it. that, as the subject of it was interesting to every part of the ccmim nii v, lie hoped it would not bu denied the courte sy of a consideration: ’ Jltsuhxd, Thai the Committee of Ways and Means be instructed to inquire into the expedien cy of reducing the duty on brown sugar, imported into the-United Status from foreign countries. Mr. Ramsey inquired if a similar resolution had not already been offered at the present session. The Speaker replied, that there bad been so many resolutions offered, be could not take it up on himself to answer the question. Mr. Londict demanded tlic queston of consid eration. Mr. Haynes asked if he Gould have an oppor tunity to modify the resolution, before the ques tion of consideration was put. The Speaker answered in the affirmative. Mr. Haynes then modified his motion, to read as follows: IV/iereas, without a considerable diminution of revenue, tlic public debt will, in a very few years; i be redeemed and discharged: And whereas, }.** I end of republican government is the prosperity I I and happiness of the people: And whereas, tins end cannot be more certainly promoted than by a system of taxation which shall leave the largest portion of the products of labor in the pockets of the people: And whereas, the necessaries of life should as far as practicable, be exempted from taxation: And whereas, brown sugar has become j an article of great and necessary consumption a- j mong all classes: And whereas, the prefffent duty ; on that article, imported from foreign countries, bears an unjust and extravagant proportion to the original cost in foreign markets; And whereas, there is good reason to believe that the tax col lected by the Government upon its importation, amounting to one million four hundred and thirty four thousand nine hundred and sixty-one dol lais, and eleven cents, is less than bail’ the sum taken from the pockets of the people under the operation oftlie existing duty, the quantity man ufactured in the United States within the year IS3O, having been estimated at one hundred thou sand hogsheads, equal to one hundred millions of pounds, at three cents per pound, protecting du tv, equal io three millions oi dollars. Jiaolt'ttl. That the Committee of Ways and Jvleaiis be instructed to inquire into the expedien ts of reducing the duty on brown sugar imported into the United States from foreign countries. On this resolution Mr. CoNDicr demanded the “question of consideration. MT 7*l au rin suggested that the better course would be, to move to lay the resolution on the ta ble; and Mr. Comdict so varied his motion, when Mr. Denny renewed the demand for the ques tion of consideration, Mr. CambrklEnC called for the yeas and nays ou the question, md they were ordered by the House Being taiun £tosd as follows: yeas $9, nays 85. / So the House determined io consider tlic reso lution. Mr. HAYNES said he was glad, notwitViutand ing the rule winch, however wisely adopted, was in its oporaliou so well calculated to abridge the liberty of speech, that tl e House had extended to the resolution just offered the courtesy of consid eration. He was willing to have rested the sub ject, solely upon the resolution first offered, and ) but for the apprehension of a refusal to consider j •*, should not have modified it by the addition of the preamble. But, as the House had, somewhat unexpectedly, afforded Inn. the opportunity of picsenting a lew observations to its attention, he would not permit that opportunity to pass away wholly unimproved by him. When lie had the honor to bring this subject to tiie consideration of tin; lioitse at an early day of the present session, he lind extended bis proposition to the whole class of sugars, because, whether they had been impos ed for the ofYcptmue or protection, he j thought the time had arrived when the duties ’ ought to be entirely abolished Bur, in introduc | ing the subject thus broadly, he did not consider * that the Committee of Ways and Means would be j necessarily restricted in their inquiry f > the mere | question of repeal; but if in their wisdom it should be detei mined that a partial reduction of the du ties was all the exigencies of the country would permit, they would be*authorised to go so far, and no farther. For his part, he had fojrntcily believed, lie now believed, and ever should be lieve. that the true end of Government was the happiness and prosperity of the people; and for the furtherance of this end, it was essential that the necessaries of life should be subjected 4o the smallest amount of taxation which the public ex igencies would permit. Whatever might Have been the original use of the article of sugar—if it was first a medicine, and then a luxury—it had become an article of essen tial necessity, as vvaii proven by the estimated j coiisiinq’tion of the present year, at one hundred j arid fifty millions of pounds Nor in this char;*-.: ! ter is ils use confined to any par i, ular or favored j ; class of ihe coimmti.ity, but rims through cmy ’ degree and condition in life. And here he Would j j remark, that notwithstanding the laws of the j country are accessible to all, it is important that j ! the public mind should be enlightened upon the j existing tax on sugar. But, before proceeding ‘ lumber with the subject, he would beg leave to 1 remark, that how much soever gentlemen might | sneer at the proposition, that under our system of revenue the taxes arc paid by the producers, no j proposition was, to his mind, more clear and un- : : deniable, as consumption must necessarily he ic- j J gulated by production. By an examination of! j the tariff of JHlfi, and reference to the annual re- ‘ • pent from the Treasury Department, upon the j j commerce and navigation of the United Stale?, • i since that period, it would be found, that tic dn j lies impeded upon the import ol lump and refined j ’ sugars, and sugal* rand’ ; had amounted to pn.hi f Lition; ilii!3cfltciu!ill_v ilrpihls-ttie t....—:2f’ 1,1 ! ; m.; choice whatsoever between the foreign and ‘ ; domestic articles. Nor is it any answer to this as- j 1 sertion to say, that some twenty-five or thirty; j thousand dollars of revenue has been derived 1 from their consumption, within the years eighteen I hundred and fifteen ft> eighteen hundred and j I twenty-nine inclusive; Nor is this all; formas- 1 j much as the consumption cf brown sugar Among | I the pomer classes is much greater in proportion ! ! to their menus than *jic weshfy, the tux f falls most heavily an those v.!:o are hast able to | hear it. And here he would take the occasion to . ! remark, that although he still entertained the o- | j pinion, under the influence of vhith his resolmi ! on of the 1 ?th DocemLcr was oflu td, the advice j of ft iends ami the hope of a more favorable run j iiduiation, had iuduceu him to narrow that rcso i lution to ils present shape. Irtu bo seeks for the j repeal or reduction of taxes/ Not Ills itcciwr. . ■ hut the payer oi taxes. He regretted that he had r.o specific informali- > onus to the price c.f sugar in foreign countries ! when the tariff of 1794 was imposed. Bat, if he hud heSh correctly informed, the foreign cost of brown zugur imported into this country at that period, was not less tlnm eight to ten cents per pound. Ifthis be true, it is the f-ikuis inference, that Government did uot then imemr by H of two cents per pound, to impose a duty which ! should operate us more than twenty or twenty- I five per cent, ad valorem, on the original cost of I the article. But, us the foreign cost has consider- j ably declined since that period, thereby iuerras-! ing the relation of the duty to such cost, i! the du- ! ty of 1794 had not been increased by the act of j 1810, it would now operate at the rate* of forty to fifty, or sixty percent ad valorem, on he original foreign cost. But by raising the duty in ISiG to three cents poi pound 011 brown sugar, its uu va< loreui operation is still greater, being uot less ! than one huudred per cent. In the discussion of this subject, we might be told, th* the average price oi sugar had declined in consequence of its j manufacture in this country, and therefore sound policy requires the continuance of the present du ty. If gentlemen would take the trouble to in form themselves on this subject, he was Satisfied the.v would find, tbut such an assertion was vvhol- 1 ly without foundation. For his part, he had been at some pains to obtain information, the result of which was, that the price of sugar imported into Knglaud, from the year 13 i4 to 1823, inclusive, had undergone an astonishing dimiu nation, m> part ol which could be ascribed to its manufac ture in this country. By a reference to a statist) cal work on the population and resources of Great Britain, w hich he had examined it would be found that the average price of brown sugar imported into England, in the former year, was Seventy throe shillings ami four pence one farthing the hundred weight, and in the latter year but thirty one shilling and one farthing. Surely this could ! not be ascribed to ils manufacture here. Nor j j does it appear that the price of either year de ( peudeu upon a stinted supply in the one, or an ex cessive importation in the other, as a considera ‘ ble surplus was exported in each. And here he would repeat, rubs!antinlljr, what I was said during the discussion 01 the Eastl-nliai sugar duty in the House of Commons, in 1823.’ by the late Mr. Httskisson, one of the most able j aud practical statesman England has ever pro 1 duced. and whose death may well be lamented j in that country, as a great public calamity, that ] whenever there is an excess of import over Con- 1 sumption, the price of the article must be regula- 1 ted by the markets ofthe world. He said, that 1 a proposition of such obvious truth did not require ! the aid of illustration or argument from him. j Not only had the British market exercised an in- ; 1 tluence on theprice ofthe article, but the French , market also. And here he was not prepared to ‘ speak so definitely ns to the price in France as he hail done of England. Nor was it important ‘ for him to do 90, as the influence exercised by the French market on the price of sugar originated principally from the partial exclusion of the arti cle. Jt must be well known to every member of 1 this House, that during the wars ofthe French ■ revolution, the sugar colonies ol France were cut off from the mother country —and that althongh -■ the commerce between those colonies and the mo (her country entered for several years very largely into the American carrying trade, yet the linicrpoliitiops of national iavv brought to operate ■ J upon neutrals by the principal belligerents, at length destroyed that trade entirely. Accustom ■ ed to the use of sugar, the French people were ii:? 1 willing - to forego this necessary article of consumption, p**d Until - injicuuiiv *"*r~l*TT* ii d 1 a substitute in the sugar exlrucDd from the beet. This system had not been abandoned since the recovery of the French sligar colonies in the West Indies. Thus it was probable, that a con siderable portion of the sugar manufactured in , those colonies was necessunly thrown upon the : | great market of the world. He said, if the facts I and inferences upon which he had thrown him self were true, and fib did not think they could be successfully controverted, the price of sugar ’ * arising from ils manufacture in this country, so j far from regulating, had betil regulated by the , , markets of the world. But, before dismissing j this branch ofthe subject, he would observe, that •j the price ol sugar in the English market could not have been influenced by any variation ofthe ! 4tity, that fluctuated between twenty-seven and ! thirty shillings the hundred weight, making a ; difference of but three shillings the hundred weiglit between any two years of the period to which he had referred Nor can it be denbted that the high duly in Great Britaiu considerably ! lessens the amount of sugar consumed there, and particularly in Scotland and Ireland, thus leav ing a much larger quantity for the supply of other markets. But we might derive instruction on th:s subject by a reference to the treasury reports upon the commerce and navigation of this coun try from eighteen liu drcd and twenty-one to eighteen huudred and twenty-nine, inclusive. During that whole period it would be found, that the foreign cost of luown sugar imported into the U. States had not varied more than about half a rent per pound, and that not by an uniformly de clining pric Nor will it fiui to be observed, upon an examitißtiuu ol the reports referred to, | that the importation of brown sugar paying duty, | WRM Greater in 1*429, than in lh2l, and notmSteh • I**-*; than the average annual importation of die ■. w lade period. Nor might it be improper for him ! here to remark, that there was a considerable j annual exportation with the benefit of drawback ! from 1321 to 1829, Inclusive. If it could bd nc j Cessary for him to go further to account for the j gradual decline in the price of sugar throughout’ 1 the comm.'t eifil world w ithin the last fifteen years, |it would he sufficient to advert | u the large a | mount o i labor released Iron* the pnrj-ses of war i about the commencement of that period, and the j cousequc.it diminution ol its value in all produC- J lions of human iudiiHlry. But, as the kindness | ol a friend had iunj.shi'd him wall the means of j doing so since the comm*--r cement of his remarks, . he would sfat.- some additional facts hearing up j 01. the pi'ohahi.* causes of ihe diminished price of . sugar within the last finvyertrs. He had brought : down the price ot sugar in., • rted into great Bri i lain to the year 1823. and > • - now prepared to j trace it to . 1828, t t’i: of which it was i fwcnty-scvrn siiiilings ti-n baud red weight Nor ! *i , n .v C'Ucaiio:id \>v diniim-h. ,1 duty—the duty J hlx—n permanently fixed at twenty-seven j suillh.gj il.t* weight, or one hundred 1 nmi twelve .nulls. He was aUfl prepared to 1 state Iv. art Miiy ti:c effect which the protection ■ .ifford. il i.i France io sugar extracted from the > beef, hud prod.: : 1 on the consumption of West | India sugar in that country in the year 1827. : The coUsuinpii'Mi, am .Hiding in n population ex- I cculing thirty ndllions es pounds. But. when : .v. con n ici that thu •-Hole Consumption of sugar ! ..1 France, and tee British eu-uke, ix: Euiop,.*, e (ftie consumption of l.ng land alone in 1823, hav ing been estimated by Mr. litiskissou at three hundred umi sixty millions.) and reflect on the i immen> Addition il qiinn.ity ueccssavr to supply ull the countries ofthe woild which com rime the ; article, it must be manifest, that its manufacture I in the U. States exercises a very insensible, if a ’ ny influence ou it> price ritlrt&r at home or abroad. I Bui, our own cnniiuTcial history fuinishes aniu sKucc of the dudi'.u: in the price of brown sugar within 0 few years, nro remarkable ns any that has been mentioned, and that too, without any possible rctercnc'6 to ils rnaHufutnircir. tkfe coim try If gentlemen will examine the prices ettr rcHt of IMiiladu'phia for the years 1804 to 1007. inclusive, tin y will find that from June of the former to the same month of the latter year, the price declined from twelve and one half to nine cents per pound, and that too, at a period when our foreign relations w ith the most powerful-ma ritime nation in the world threatened serious in terruption to our foreign t.-ndc, and consequently a diminished import of sugar. lie said that a strong additional argument against the prcsuibjA tion that the price of brown sugar in other coun tries hail been influenced by the mauufaciuie of that article i:i this, was, that the price of white J ■ clayed sugar, nu iio( of American munu-1 ( facUffu> tad experienced a corresponding decline, j i He had ascertained by an examination of the } 1 Philadelphia prices current,front IBu3 to ISO 7, | inclusive, that in the former year, this article j was quoted in tint? market at seventen and one j half cents per pound, and In the latter at but ! 1 thirteen and one hail, a difference of four cents ! j per pound in the short period of four year J. And although he had no means of ascertaining the > 1 cosf in the foreign market, it could but be pre-J ‘ sumedtohare been considerably higher than the; , average of the six years ending with 1829, with-j in which notwithstanding there was some varia- j ; lion in the prices differen years, he did not be- j : lieve the average would be found to exceed seven j , and one half cents per pound. As the operation j of a part of the system of duties ort sugars, he I would state wimt he had po doubt was true, th.it I in some instances much more drawback had been j allowed on the exportation of refined sugar, than 1 the duty previously paid to raw ougur from which j; it was m ‘O. In fact, that the article alluded to 1 j as thus receiving drawback, was not worth the a- j verage price of bfotvn sugar, and that little if! I any, loss of quantity had probably been sustain i etl by converting the one into the other. This, j he said, lie had understood, had undergone judi . cial investigation, and the court had been com ! polled to decide that the article came within the i technical mcaniugof refined f igar, under tbe law. | But, although this was an abuse, he would not ! leave the subject without h passing notice ot the | protection afforded to benafide refiners of sugar |in this country. By the tariff of righted* h.n jdred and sixteen, the duty on refined sugar im ported into this country is twelve cents per pound. | lie believed that one bundled and seventy j pounds of raw sugar generally estimated at* ! equal to, or sufficient for, the manufacture of one * hundred pounds of refined, j He did not know precisely how it was estima j ted in this country. He knew that this was con ridcred to be the standard in Great Britain, and as he understood five cents per pound to be the drawback allowed on the exportation of Ameri can refined sugar, presumed the English and American standard did not materi ally vary. What, then, said he, is the consequence ? That the refiner of sugar in this country receives a draw hack to the whole amount ot j duly on what he exports, a|id a pro 1 [New Series —No. 35* ‘/ tecting duty of seven cents the poiitiu , oaail that is consumed in the coun -1 try. He did not pretend to know what is the cost of refinihg, but, to ; his mind, the tax appeared to he c normously disproportioned to tlic , value of the article upon which it ie laid. But, in discussing this suih ; joct, il is necessary that we consid er its influence upon some of the various and important interests of the country. We have been told by the Secretary ofthe Treasury in his Annual report. upon the linances, that the navigation of the country is in a most languishing condition. This must he manifest if wc look at the dimiqished value of our export!? and imports within the last five years. It he was not mistaken, though he had not very recently cx umined toe subject, he believed that both exports niid imports had dt*r dined in annual value within that period about thirty millions of dol lars each. lie said, although, for Ids part, he hud no doubt the evil just adverted to had a much deeper root, he was prepared to believe, and did believe, that a due proper tion of the depression under which American navigation now languish es, may be justly attributed to the restriction imposed hy the existing’ duty on sugar, upon our intercourse with sugar making countries! and for evidence of the partial eftects of these restrictions on American trade and navigation, he would refer gen tlemen to the correspondence be tween General Von Scholtcn, the Special Minister from Denmark, & the Secretary of State, whudiiQtid lately been communicated by President to Congress, nnd prThtedj by order of the House. He lmd uJM troubled the House with thy whether the duty imposed act oflSlfl was intended for nue or protection, or partly fnrlißTtfflr This was unnecessary, expressed the opinion at /he Ofttawt, that lift her designed for the *onqi or the oilier, repeal or’ rcd/iftiob* was now necessary. In invifiigfli t ting the effect of this duty on Amfe'’ ricau navigation, he lmd looked ovi era purl of the animal report on commerce and navigation for tha year lor the purpose of ascer taining the true state ofthe mattet*/ Upon a careful examination he had found, that although our exports lbr that year to the Swedish, Danish} b'.ttii. British, and French We-fi- Jiulies, British American Colonies, Cuba, other Spanish Colonies, Bra zil, and the West Indies genera I Ivy amounted to fifteen millions threo liunm cd and two thousand and eigh teen dollars, yet the imports a motmted to no more than twelve millions six hundred and seventy four thousand three hundred and forty-two dollars, shewing un ex cess of exports over imports of two millions 6ix hundred and twenty-se* veu thousand eight hundred and se* verity-six dollars. As the value of the exports was estirnuted in the home market, and of imports in the foreign, it isdifhcult to reconcile the excess of tiie former over the lattCV upon any principle consistent with, profitable trade. But the subject seems to pi esc:,t further illustration when we compare the amount of tonnage engaged m this business 1 , which entered and departed within ihe same period. This comparison shews an excess of seventy thousand one hundred uiul thirty tons of ship ping departed, over that which en tered during that year. I'e hud nor attempted an accurate estimate of the foreign tonnage engaged in this trade within tiio period under ci it sideration, but did Hot believe it would materially vary the result. But, if we include the trade with llayti, which shows a considerably balance of imports over exports, r? will reduce tbe general balance - gainst us to but little le*- than two millions of dollars. lie said further comment on his subject could not be necessary. And here Le said be couhJ,but regret that the informa tion called for hy uu honorable metn-> her from North Carolina. (Mr. Con nor,) at the last session of Congress, and that which had been called fur j by a resolution which was offered by 4iitdc)f sitycethe commencement oi