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NEWS & PLANTERS’ GAZETTE.
I>. COTTIIY, Editor.
So. 43.—NEW SERIES]
NEWS & PLANTERS’ GAZETTE.
TEKMS:
Published weekly at Three Dollars per annum,
if paid at the time of subscribing; or Three
Dollars and Fifty Cents, if not paid till the expi
ration of six months.
No paper to be discontinued, unless at the
option of the Editor, without the settlement of all
arrearages.
O’ L"lters, on business, must be ]>ost paid, to
insure attention. No communication shall be
published, unless we are made acquainted with the
name of the author.
TO ADVERTISERS.
Advertisements, not exceeding one square, first
insertion, Seventy-Jive Cents; and for each sub
sequent insertion, Fifty Cents. A reduction will
be made of twenty-five per cent, to those who
advertise by the year. Advertisements not
limited when handed in, will be inserted till for
bid, and charged accordingly.
Sales of Land and Negroes by Executors, Ad
ministrators, and Guardians, are required by law, j
rra be advertised, in a public Gazette, sixty days j
previous to the day of sale.
The sales of Personal Property must be adver
tised in like manner, forty days.
Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an Estate
must be published/brty days.
Notice that application will be made to the !
Court of Ordinary, ibr leave to sell Land or Nc- j
“roes, must be published weekly for four months;
notice that application will be made tor Letters ol
Administration, must be published thirty days;
and Letters of Dismission, six months.
AGENTS.
THE FOLLOWING GBNTI.EMF.X WILL FORWARD THE
NAMES OF ANY WHO MAY WISH TO SUBSCRIBE :
T. cjr G. It. Wooten,\A. D. Slalham,BunhvoJ,
Mallorysville, jB. F. Tatum, Lincoln-
Felix Or. Edwards, Pe-| ton,
tersburg. Elbert, l O. A. Luchelt, Crawford-
Oen. Grier , Raytown,! ville,
Taliaferro, ‘ IW. Davenport, Lexing-
James Bell, Powelton. ton,
Hancock, >S. ./• Bush, Irwington,
IP; n. B. Nelms, Elber-! Wilkinson,
ton, I Dr. Cain, Cambridge,
John A. Simmons, Go-j Abbeville District,
shen, Lincoln, i South Carolina.
Mail Arrangements.
POST~OFFICE, )
Washington, Ga., January, 1811. (
AUGUSTA MAIL.
ARRIVES.
Monday, Wednesday, and Frida}’, at 5, A. M.
CLOSES.
Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, at 12, M.
MILLEDGEVILLE MAIL.
ARRIVES.
Sunday, Wednesday, and Friday, at 8, A. M.
CLOSES.
Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, at 11, A. M.
CAROLINA MAIL.
ARRIVES.
Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, at 11, A. M.
CLOSES.
Sunday, Wednesday, and Friday, at 8, A. AI.
ATHENS MAIL.
ARRIVES.
Sunday and Wednesday, at 0, A. M.
CLOSES.
Sunday and Wednesday, at 9, A. M.
ELBERTON MAIL.
ARRIVES. CLOSES.
Thursday, at 8, P. M. | Thursday, at 8, P. M.
LINCOLNTON MAH,.
ARRIVES. CLOSES.
Friday, at 12, M. j Friday, at 12, M.
COTTING & BUTLER,
ATTOUNIES,
HAVE taken an OFFICE over Cozart &
Woods Store.
March 11,1841. ~8
IjOoU at this /
n__a 1, being thrown into circumstances
rfhA which render it desirable to break
\l\Mf up house-keeping, offer my weil
known residence, in the Town of
Washington, FOR SALE. Should any one in
cline to purchase, he will of course call and ex
amine the premises. It has a FARM attached
of over 300 Acres, and combines the benefits ot
both Town and Country.
JESSE MERCER.
O’ The Constitutionalist and Sentinel, Au
gusta, will give the above three insertions each,
and forward their bills to this office for payment.
June 17, 1841. 3t 42
Copartnership JYotice.
JM. & W. ADAMS having associated with
• them J. C. FARGO, will continue the
GROCERY BUSINESS at their old stand, un
der the firm of ADAMS, FARGO & Cos., and to
date from the Ist instant.
J. M. &, W. ADAMS.
J. C. FARGO.
Augusta, June 8,1841.
O All those indebted to J. M. & W. Adams,
(particularly on open account,) are earnestly re
quested to make early settlements.
J. M.& W.A.
June 17. 43
NOTICE 7”
THE Copartnership heretofore existing be
tween WHITE, FRAZIER & CLEVE
, LAND, is this day dissolved, by mutual consent
‘'The business will be conducted by JAMES W.
i’ FRAZIER, and in his absence WILLIAM R.
GOSS, will be authorized to transact the busi
ness. WILLIAM WHITE.
JAMES W. FRAZIER
M&. PETER CLEVELAND.
Factory, June 1, 1841. 2t 43
EXECUTED AT THIS
‘© IF F 0 © L
NEW GOODS.
THE Subscriber has just received from New
York and Charleston, a splendid assort
ment of
Fancy Simple Dry
GOODS,
ADAPTED TO THE PRESENT SEASON.
Also, he has on hand, anew supply of
Hardware, Cutlery,
Crockery, Saddles, Bri
dles, Shoes, Hats,
Drugs and Medicines,
Bonnets,
Factory Yarn Cloth,
And a General Assortment of GOODS usually
kept in a Retail Dry Good’s Store—all of which
will be sold on reasonable terms for Cash or
Credit.
A. A. CLEVELAND.
May 20,1841. ts 38
Consumption
AND
Fiver Complaint .
DR. TAYLOR’S
BALSAM OF LIVERWORT
HAS been used successfully for eight years
in the cure of these diseases. ID” Re
member ! the original and genuine is made only
at 375 Bowery, N. Y., ALL others are spurious
end unauthorized !
Consumption and Liver Complaint !—As a
general remedy for these diseases I am fully sat
isfied, from long experience, there is no Medi
cine equal to Dr. Taylor’s Balsam of Liverwort.
Being purely vegetable, it can be used with the
[ utmost safety by all persons in every condition
j It citruses the lungs by expectoration, relieves
I difficult breathing, and seems to heal the chest.
There can be no question, but this medicine is a
! certain cure tor chronic coughs and colds. I
have used it for four years in my practice, and
always with success.
A. F. ROGERS, M. D.
To Females. —The number of females in deli
cate health, is truly surprising. Weakness, loss
of appetite, liver complaints, and many other dis
eases, prey upon them, making them pale and
lean of flesh. All this can be remedied by the
use of strengthening medicine, that will assist
nature in all her movements, restore tone to the
nerves and muscular organs. Os this kind is
Dr. Taylor’s Balsam of Liverwort, which being
mild and purely vegetable, answers females ad
mirably. If all will use it, we are confident an
elastic step, good appetite, and ruddy cheeks will
follow. Once more, remember, the original and
genuine is made at 375 Bowery.
O’ Spilling of Blood. —This disease consists
of a discharge of blood, often frothy, from the
mouth, brought up with hawking and coughing,
and is usually accompanied with difficulty of
breathing, and some pain in the chest. Some
times it is preceded by an oppression of the
chest, a dry tickling cough, and slight shooting
pains. This disease is always more or less dan
gerous. The great danger is that these symp
toms may termi.-.ate in consumption, and imme
diate remedies can alone save this end. Bui Dr.
Taylor’s Balsam of Liverwort is a sure remedy,
and to show its unparalleled success, certificates
of cures from 421 citizens, and many physicians,
will be published in a few days.
O’ Nervous Diseases and Weakness. —-Dr.
Taylor’s Balsam of Liverwort, made at 375 Bow
ery, is assuredly an excellent remedy for these
diseases. My wife has been more or less ill for
ten,years. She was extremely nervous, and at
times so weak that she could not attend to her
domestic duties. By the use of this medicine,
her strength is wholly restored, and she is as
healthy as I can wish her to be. My address is
at Dr. Taylor’s office.
Cure of Consumption. —Mrs. Martin, a worthy
member ot my congregation, was taken ill some
time since with a cold, pain in the breast, and
some difficulty of breathing, and in a tew days
thereafter, she had a violent cough and a violent
pain in the sides, which no medicine would re
lieve. She continued in this way tor a long
time, under the medical care of Dr. Rea, but fi
nally became consumptive, and was evidently
near the end of her earthly sufferings, when her
brother persuaded her to try Dr. Taylor’s Balsam
of Liverwort. When she commenced this med
icine, it did not seem to agree with her for a few
days, but by lessening the dose, she found it an
swered admirably : it relieved her cough and her
difficulty of breathing instanter ; and we had the
pleasure of witnessing her rapid recovery to
health. Rev. WILLIAM SMYTHE.
D” OBSERVE ! Buy only that which is
made at the Old Office, 375 Bowery, N. Y., and
which is sold by
ROBERT AUSTIN & CO.
Wholesale and Retail Druggists,
No. 161, Broad-street, Augusta. (O’ Sole A
gents for Georgia.
May 20, 1841. 6t 38
NOTXCE.
THE Subscribers having had their Books and
most of their Accounts consumed by the
late Fire, would respectfully solicit those indebt
ed to call, without delay, and settle either with
CASH or by NOTE, the amount due as near
as their memory will serve them—for this matter
will be left entirely to the Honor of a great many;
and we trust noone will be found taking the ad
vantage of our situation ; but that all will come
forward, like honest men, to our relief.
BURTON & PELOT.
N. B.—Call at the Bank, on E. M. Burton, for
settlement.
March 11. ts 28
JTIOUR months after date, application will be
- made to the Honorable the Inferior Court
of Wilkes county, while sitting as a Court of
Ordinary, for leave to sell a Negro man by the
name of Aaron, and the remaining part of the
personal property of Benedictine Crews, late of
said county, deceased, tor the benefit of the heirs
and creditors.
ELIZA MANKIN, Adm’x.
June 3, 1841. with the will annexed.
WASHINGTON, (WILKES COUNTY, GA.,) JUNE 21, 1811.
OFFICIAL DOCUMENT.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF
THE TREASURY ON THE FI
NANCES, <sce.
In obedience to the directions of the Act
of Congress of the 10th May, 1800, supple
mentary to the “ Act to establish the Trea
sury Department, the Secretary of the
Treasury respectfully submits the follow
ing Report :
1. Os the Public Revenue and Expenditure.
The receipts and expenditures for the
year 1840, were as follows :
The available balance in the
Treasury on the Ist of Jan.
1840, (exclusive of amount
deposited with the States,
trust funds and indemnities,
and the amount due from
banks which failed in 1837,)
was, as appears by the books
of the Register of the Trea
sury, $3,663,083 60
The receipts into the Trea
sury during the year 1840
were, from—
Customs, - $13,499,502 17
Lands, - - 3,292,285 58
Bond of the
Bank of the
U. States, - 1,774,513 80
Miscellaneous <fc
incidental sour
ces, ... 283,258 23
Banks which fail
ed in 1837, 748,629 55
Treasury notes
issued, - - 5,589,547 51
Making, $28,850,820 44
The expenditures in the same year were
for—
Civil list, for
eign inter
course, and
miscellan’s, $5,492,030 98
Military De
partment, 10,866,226 45
Naval depart
ment, 6,031,088 88
Public debt, 11,982 77
Add outstand
ing warrants
issued prior
to Ist Janua
ry 1841 1,416,334 28
Treasury notes
redeemed,in
cluding inter
est 4,045,802 05
Leaving a balance in the
Treasury on the Ist of
January, 1841 of 987,345 03
The receipts from the Ist of
January to the 4th of March
1841, were—(say)
From Customs *1,974,836 46
Lands 386,148 56
Miscellaneous
and inciden
, tal sources 31,349 65
! Banks which
failed in ’37 18,000 00
Treasury notes
issued per
act of the
31st March,
1840 1,110,611 80
Treasury notes
issued under
act of 15th of
Feb. 1841, 173,681 32
Bond of the Bank
of the U. States, 17,913 00
Making, with the balance in
the Treasury, Jan. 1,1841, 5,199,885 10
The expenditures for the
same period were—
Civil list, miscellaneous,
and foreign inter
course, $943,517 14
Military depart
ment’, 2,273,097 11
Naval depart. 759,349 60
Public debt, 3,612 70
Treasury Notes
redeemed, in
cluding inter
est, *647,590 09
Leaving the balance in the
Treasury on the 4th of
March, 1841, 572,718 56
The balances of appropria
tions outstanding on the 4th
of March, 1841, were—State
ment A.:
Civil, foreign intercourse, and
miscellaneous, $5,237,234 28
Military, 15,991,895 15
Naval, 6,910,268 69
Public debt, 6,387 30
Treasury Notes issued prior
to the Ist of Jan. 1841, and
outstanding on the 4th of
March, 1841, 3,873,220 00
Do. issued under the Act of
1840,15 t January to the 4th
of March, 1841, which may
and most of which probably
* This item, and the item of expenditure for
the payment of Treasury Notes from Ist of Jan
uary to 4th of March 1841, include about $500,-
000 of Treasury Notes which were received at
the Department on account of customs during
that period, but for which the warrants were not
issued until a subsequent period.
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING.
will he presented in pay
ment of public dues during
the year 1841, 1,110,611 08
Interest estimated at about 300,000 00
Making in the aggregate, $33,429,616 50
Os this there will be required
for the services of the cur
rent year, 24,210,000 00
Additional appropriations
required by the War Depart
ment for the year 1841, viz.:
Fortifications and
works of de
fence, $1,435,500 00
For armaments
of fortifications
and ordnance
stores, 220,000 00
For payment of
arrearages and
current expen
ses and taking
care of public
property on roads,
harbors, rivers,
&c. 40,199 12
For arrearages
preventing and
suppressing In
dian hostilities, 825,637 86
Making, 26,731,336 98
The actual and estimated
means under the existing
laws to meet these demands
are, viz.:
The available bal
ance in the Trea
sury on the 4th of
March, 1841—(See
statement B.) 646,803 12
Treasury Notes
authorized un
der the act of
1840, issued
after the 3d of
March, 1841, 413,592 72
Treasury Notes
authorized by
the act of 1841,
to be issued af
ter 4th March,
1841, 5,000,000 00
Receipts from
customs esti
mated at 12,000,000 00
Receipts from
public lands, 2,500,000 00
Miscellaneous
sources, 1,700,000 00
Leaving unprovided for, of
the demands for the present
year, the sum of 6,000,941 14
There will also be receiva
ble for public dues in the pre
sent year, or payable in 1842,
Treasury notes the issues of
the present year, viz.:
Issued under the
act of 1841,
prior to 4th of
March, $673,681 32
Do. do. 1841,
after the 3d of
March, 413,592 72
Do. do. 1841,
to be issued
after the 4th
of March, and
included in
the estimate
of ways and
means, 5,000,000 00
Making an aggregate of debt
and deficit, to be provided
for in this and the ensuing
year of 12,088,215 18
The estimate is founded on
the assumption that all the
moneys in the public depo
sitories can be at once made
available, and that any and
all of the demands upon tiie
Treasury can be satisfied,
so long as money to a suf
ficient amount remains in
any or all the depositories.
But that is by no means the
case ; while the power to is
sue Treasury notes exists,
there should be at all times,
for the convenience of the
Treasury, a sum equal to
$1,000,000 in the various
depositories subject to draft.
When that power is expen
ded, the sum should be in
creased to not less than 4,000,000 00
Which sum, added to the a
bove, makes the estimated
deficit, $16,088,215 IS
In another part of this paper the views of
the Department as to the mode of providing
for the above deficit, together with the res
idue of the existing public debt, will be
presented.
From the year 1816 to 1837,
a period of 21 years, the re
venues constantly exceeded
the expenditures. The a
verage annual surplus dur
ing that time was SI 1,464, -
226 86 (see tables 1 & 2,)
making an aggregate ex
cess of $240,748,764 27.
Os this there was applied
to the extinction of the na
tional debt $208,792,127
44, and there was under
the provisions of the act of
the 23d of June, 1836, de
posited with the Statess2B,-
101,044 91, and there re
mained on the Ist of Jan.
1837, in the Treasury of
the United States, includ
ing the fourth instalment
due to the States, a surplus
of 17,109,473 26 j
There were, also, outstanding
debts due and (ailing due to
the Treasury, arising from
other sources than those of
the ordinary revenue ami
which were paid between
the Ist of Jan. 1837, and 4th
of March, 1841, the amount
of (see statement D.) 9,124,744 00
There were, also, issued with
in that period, and outstand
ing on the 4th of March,
1841,Treasury notes to the
amount of 5,648,512 40 j
Making the aggregate availa
ble means which were in
the Treasury on the Ist of
Jan. 1837, and which came
into it prior to the 4th of
March, 1841, over and a
bove the current revenue 31,882,732 06
From which deduct the ain't.
(less the trust funds) re
maining in the Treasury
on the 4th of March 1841,’ 572,718 46
And there appears an excess
of expenditure over the cur
rent revenue of $31,310,014 20
But the undersigned feels it his duty to
j call the attention of Congress to the more
immediate demands of the public service,
and the means by which thus:: demands are
to be supplied.
The sums which will he required from
the Ist of June to the 31st of August next
are estimated as follows, viz.:
For the payment of Treasury
notes which will fall due
within that time, and the
interest thereon, about $2,756,900 00
! Balance for taking the 6th
i census, 294,000 00
\ For the Civil list, miscellane
ous, & foreign intercourse, 1,309,308 37
Military Service, 4,591,098 00
Naval’ do. 1,844,000 00
Public debt, 6,387 00
Expenses of the extra session
of Congress, 350,000 00
Making about, 11,151,693 37
The ways and means in the
power of the Treasury, and
which will probably accrue
under existing laws, are as
j follows:
i 1. Funds in the
Treasury (as
per statement
t>.) $644,311 16
i 2. Treasury notes
authorized by
the act of 15th
j Feb. 1841, 1,505,913 91
j 3. Estimated re
ceipts from the
customs, 3,000,000 00
Do. the lands, 700,000 00
Do. the miscel
! laneous sour
ces, 50,000 00
Making, 5,900,305 07
And leaving a deficit of 5,251,388 30
To which add the sum recom
mended to be kept in the
Treasury to meet any e
mergencies of the public
service, viz. 4,000,000 09
Making an aggregate of 9.251,388 30
It is proper to remark that the entries on
the hooks ofthe Register of the Treasury do
not always show the true datesof the re
ceipts and expenditures. An item invol
ved in the above statement (table D) will
serve to illustrate this fact. The sum of
$512,136 47 was, on the 2d and 31st of Oc
tober, 1840, paid by the Bank of the Uni
ted States on this last bond to William Arm
strong, superintended at Fort Gibson, by
I order of the Secretary of War. Though
this sum was in fact received and expended
on those days, it did not find its way into
the office of the Register until the 4th of
March, 1841, on which day it appears on
his books both as a receipt and an expendi
ture.
Thus and to this extent, within the last
four years, were the expenditures pushed
beyond the amount of the revenue. They
were made to absorb the surplus in the
Treasury and the outstanding debts due
to the United States, so that the Treasury
was, on the 4th of March, 1841, exhausted
of its means and subject to heavy and im
mediate liabilities. It was already bur
dened with a debt incurred in time of peace
and without any adequate resources except
the authority granted by law to augment
that debt.
And yet no provision has been made to
reduce this debt or to check its constant and
rapid increase. We find it, therefore, as
far as past legislation and financial ar
rangements characterize it, a permanent
and increasing national debt. The tem
porary expedients by which it has been sus
tained do not at all vary its essential char
acter.
n. J. K APPEL, Printer.
The attention of Congress
invited to the necessity of early and eflectu- ’
al measures to pervent its further augmen
tation. The obvious remedy is to increase
the revenue as far as may he without uiW
reasonably burdening commerce, and to
reduce the expenditures within the limits
of strict economy.
But as it may not comport with the views
ofCongress to go into a revision and adjust
ment ofthe customs so long before the act of
March 2, 1833, comes to have its final and
permanent operation,the undersigned would
respectfully recommend, as a temporary
measure, the levy of a duty of 20 per cent,
ad valorem on articles which are now free
of duty, or which pay a less duty than 30
per cent, except gold and silver, and the ar
ticles specifically enumerated in the sth
section of the act of March 2d, 1833.
If this measure be adopted, it is esti
mated that there will be received into the
Treasury from customs, in the last quarter
ofthe present year, about $5,000,000 ; in
all of the year 1842, about $22,500,000 ;
and in the year 1843, after the final deduc
tion under the act of March 2, 1833, about
$20,800,00. The details of this estimate
will Le found in the accompanying paper,
marked E, and enclosures.
It is believed that, after the heavy expen
ditures required for the public service inthe
present year shall have been provided for,
the revenues which will accure from that,
ora nearly proximate rate of duty, will bo
sufficient to defray the expenses of Govern
ment, and leave a surplus to be annually
applied to the gradual payment ofthe na
tional debt, leaving the proceeds of the pub
lic lands to he disposed of as Congress shall
think fit.
The general principles on which the fi
nal revision of the tariffis to rest are per
haps simple and easy to be apprehended,but
the w ork of revision itself, in its adaptation
and detail, must be a work of time. It
| should he done on calm reflection and care
ful deliberation, with a view to reconcile,
as far as possible, the conflicting opinions,
and to promote all the various interests of
the whole People of these United States.—
And it may he important, in that adjust
ment, not only to reciprocate on fair and
equal principles, and in a liberal spirit, the
concessions which may be accorded to our
commerce by foreign nations, but also to do
; justice to our own citizens by meeting in a
j like equal spirit any heavy exactions or
I prohibitions which foreign nations may
j think fit to impose upon the importation of
| our staple productions.
Some legal provisions are also required
! to correct inequalities between the duties
i upon sugar and molasses, and the draw
backs upon refined sugar and rum, manu
; factured or distilled from foreign materials.
■ ‘Pile relation between the duty and the draw
back was adjusted by the acts of January
21st, 1829, and May 29th, 1830, since
| which time the duties have been diminished
■ w hile the drawbacks remain the same.—
And a provision of law declaring that all
noil-enumerated articles which hear a sim
ilitude to any enumerated article charge
{ able w ith duty, shall pay the same rate of
j duty with the article which it most resem
bles, would save a large sum annually to
the revenue, and prevent much annoyance
and litigation between the importer and the
; officers charged with the collection of the
| customs.
Os the Public Debt.
But it is not expected that any modifica
tion ofthe revenue laws will be operative to
j supply the immediate wants ofthe Treasu
ry, and to pay the debts w hich fall due in
j the present and in the ensuing year. A
| further loan is necessary to effect these ob
-1 jects, and the only question that can arise
! are as to the mode of procuring the loan,
(lie character ofthe securities, and the as
j sumed duration of the debt.
It w'ould, in the opinion of the undersigned,
| he unwise to charge upon the commerce or
ihc resources of the country, in any form,
j the burden ofpaying at once, or all hastily.
! the national debt. Before that is done,
j measures of restoration and relief are re
; quired. The currency of the country
i should be restored, and commerce and in
dustry relieved from the present state of
embarrassment and depression, and a be
nign and liberal policy on the part of the
General Government should call forth once
more the hardy industry and active enter
prise of our people, and the vast resources
of our country.
If we assume the period of from five to
eight years as that in which this debt can
be paid without inconvenience and embar
rassment—and the time appears to be short
enough—we have one of the most essential
elements on which to form our judgment
as to the best and most convenient mode in
which the loan can be kept up, and the
credit of Government sustained.
In the inception and during the progres
sive increase of a national debt, the issues
ofTreasury notes, though dangerous and
delusive, have yet their advantages.—
They need not he issued faster than the ac
tual Wants of the Treasury require; and
the power to issue any given sum is, for all
effective purposes of immediate expendi
ture, a fund in the Treasury available to
that amount. But when the debt has ac
quired its maximum and ceases to accu
mulate, or when it becomes larger than the
amount necessary to he kept on hand to
meet the current wants of the Treasury,
these advantages disappear. This mode
of loan then becomes to tho Government,
what the sale in market of new promissory
notes, for the purpose of raising money to
take up old promissory no'es. w to an inti:
[VOLUME XXVI.