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NEWS & PLANTERS’ GAZETTE.
D.. COTTING, Editor.
No. 10.—NEW SERIES.]
News and Planters’ Gazette.
T E I! M s :
Published weekly at Two Dollars and lifly
Cents per annum, if paid at the time of Subi en
ding ; or Three Dollars if not paid iili the expi
ration oi three months.
Vo paper to be discontinued,unless a the
O] .4'.i oi tha Editor, without the settlcncen -of I
all arrearages.
Q* haters, on business, mast be postpaid, to J
insure attention. No communication shall be j
published, unless we are made acquainted with
the name of the author.
TO ADVERTISERS.
Advertisements, not exceeding one square, first j
insertion, Seventy-five Cents; and for each sub- j
sequent insertion, Fifty Cents. A reduction will |
be made of twenty-five percent, to those who j
advertise by the year. Advertisements not 1
limited when handed in, will be inserted till for
bid, and charged accordingly.
Sales of Land and Negroes by Executors, Ad
ministrators andUuardians, are required by law,
to bo advertised, in a public Gazette, sixty days
previous to the day of sale.
The sales of Personal Property must be adver
tised in like manner, forty days.
Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an Estate
must be published forty days.
Notice that application will be made to the
.Court of Ordinary, for leave to sell Land or Ne
groes, must be published for four months—
notice that application will be made for Letters
of Administration, must be published thirty days;
and Letters of Dismission, six months.
Mail dfljrran&eiftcnts.
POST OFFICE, ) j
Washington, Ga., Sept. 1, 1843. $
EASTERN MAIL.
By this route, Mails arc made up for Raytown,
Double-Wells, Crawfordville, Camack, Warrcn
ton, Thompson, Dearmg, and Barzclia.
ARRIVES.
Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, at 9, A. M.
CLOSES.
Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, at 2,}, P. M
WESTERN MAIL.
By tliis route, Mails are made up for all Offi- 1
ces in South- Western Georgia, Alabama, Mis- i
sissippi, Louisiana, Florida, also Athens, Ga. and
the North-Western part of the State.
arrives—Wednesday and Friday, by 0 A. M.
closes—Tuesday and Thursday, at it! M.
ABBEVILLE, S.C. MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for Danburg,
Pistol Creek, and Petersburg.
ARRIVES.
Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, by 1 P. M.
CLOSES.
-■Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, at 6 A. M.
LEXINGTON MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for Ceutre
villo. State Rights, Scull-shoals, and Salem.
arrives —Monday and Friday, at 9 A. M.
closes —Tuesday and Saturday, at 9 A. M.
APPLING MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for Wrights
boro'-, White Oak, Walker’s Quaker Springs.
arrives —Tuesday and Saturday, by 9 A. M.
closes —Monday and Friday, at 9 A. M.
ELBEIITON MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for Mallo
rysviilc, Goosepoud, Whiles, Mill-Stone, Ilarri
sonville, and Ruckersville.
Arrives Thursday 8 P. M., and Closes same time.
LINCOLNTON MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for Rehoboth,
Stoney Point, Goshen, Double Branchos, and
Darby's,
Arrives Friday, 12 51. | Closes same time. ;
oj’ The Letter Box is the proper place to de
ppsite all matter designed to be transported by
Mail, and such as may be found there at the
times above specified, will be despatched by first
post.
F. COZ ART,
H AS on iiand Cotton Bagging, Cotton Yarn,
and Factory Cloth for Negro’s wear, from
Pouiiain’s Factory, cheap for Cash.
October 19, 1843. 8
Q ,4 T f J'S for sale at Three Dollars per j
k 5 JLi Sack. Apply to
BOLTON &. NOLAN.
October 19, 1843. 8
COTTING BUTLER,
ATTORNIES,
HAVE taken an OFFICE on the North
side of the Public Square, next door to
the Branch Bank of the State of Georgia.
October, 1843. 28
Last Notice to Debtors.
PERSONS indebted to the undersigned, are
requested to make payment to A. L. Alex
ander, aud no indulgence beyond the present
season will be given.
MARY SHEPHERD.
October 12, 1843. 4t 7
Notice to Debtors and Creditors.
nA.J.,L persons indebted to the Estate of Kin
bred Jacks, late of Wilkes county, deceas
ed, are requested to make immediate payment,
and those having any demands will please pre
sent them in terms of law for payment.
J. R. SNEED, Adm'r.
September 7, 1843. 6t 2
FOUit months aiter date, application will be
made to the Honorable the Interior Court oi
Taiieferro county, while sitting as a Court of
Ordiua-/, for leave to sell a negro namad Daniel
belonging to James Thomas Andrew, a Minor.
GARNETT ANDREWS, Guardian.
September 7,1843. ml'n 2
FOUR months after date, application w.ll be
made to the Honorable the Inferior Court
of Wilkes county, while sitting a? a Court of Or
dinary, for leave to sell the Real Estate belong
ing to the Estate of Nathaniel Chambers, de
cu.tsed.
LUKE TURNER, Adm’r.
September 7,1843. m4m 2
New Goods.
The Subscriber has received the balance
of his
Fall and Winter
VIZ:
Cloths am! Cassiincres,
Kersey and plaid Linsey,
Blanket Overcoats,
Pilot and Beaver-cloth Coats,
8 and 9 4 Duffle Blankets,
10 and 11-4 Whitney do.
Course and tine Shoes,
Ladies’ fine Kid do.
Gaiter Boots and Children’s Shoes.
Fur and Wool Hats.
Fur and Cloth Caps,
Sealelt and Hairseal Caps,
Saddles, Bridles and Martingales,
Fancy Baskets; Wooden-ware,
Powder and Shot,
Hardware and Crockery,
Drugs and Medicines,
Collins’ best Cast-steel Axes,
King’s do. do.
Hull & Son’s patent Candles,
Silk, Gingham and Cotton Umbrellas,
&c. &c.
Also —A great variety of GOODS in
Store, which lie oilers Cheap. Call and
G. P. COZART.
October 19, 1843. 8
Notice to Debtors and Creditors.
VLI, persons indebted to the Estate of Thom
as D. Boroin, late of Taliaferro county, de
ceased, are requested to pay the same immediate
ly, aid those having demands against the Estate
wifi present the same in terms of the law for pay
ment.
GEORGE W. CARTER, Adm’r.
with the will annexed.
September 20, 1843. (it 4
ADMINISTRATOR’S SALE.
\\T ILL be sold at the late residence of Thom
as S. Carter, deceased, in Elbert county,
on the first day of December next, all the Per
ishable Properly of said deceased, consisting of
Horses, Cows, Hogs, Corn, Fodder, Household
and Kitchen Furniture, Plantation Tools, &c.
&c. The sale will continue from day to day
until all is sold. Terms made known at the
time of sale.
EDMUND H. BREWER, Adm’r.
October 11,1843. 8
To Teachers.
A TEACHER wanted to take charge of the
Rock Spring Academy, in Wilkes county,
for the ensuing year. For particulars apply to
the Subscriber, living 14 miles N W. of Wash
ington, who can be seen or addressed during the
silting of the Legislature, at Milledgeville.
L. M. HILL.
October 5, 1843. 0
ml Teacher VI tinted
IN MISSISSIPPI.
f JMIE Subscriber is authorized to negotiate for
a Teacher to take charge of a School in his
neighborhood ior the ensuing year, to commence
in January, or Ist July. We have subscribed
Five Hundred Dollars and Board as a salary to
begin with. For this vve wish to procure a sin
gle or married man who is disposed to emigrate
to this State, for the purpose of Teaching the
“young ideas how to shoot.” Any Gentleman
who can teach all the English branches, Latin,
Greek, &c., and can produce satisfactory recom
mendations as to qualifications and character,
by addressing the Subscriber, Grenada, Yalabu
sha county, Mississippi, can be assured of the
above stated sum for his services ten months.
A young or single man can board in respectable
families ; a man with a family can do the same,
or if he lias Negroes and wishes to farm it, lie
can rent or buy land convenient to the School.
It is believed that the Schom w ill hr ••.v'orti: more
than the sum name.'!, and at the expiration of the
i year the Teacher can have his choice of the fix
ed salary or proceeds of the School.
For further particulars, address me as above,
and for a description of our country, 1 bog to re
fer Ui a letter from me published in the “ News
& Planters’Gazette,” Washington, Ga. 10; a of
June last. As to morals, health and cheap
living, this country cannot be excelled b> any
section of the Cotton-growing region.
A. D. STATHAM.
Yalabuslia county, Miss'p. >
Sepi. 29 th. 1843. $
P. S.—The neighborhood is fully able and
willing to sustain a good School for a series ot
years, ana the Gentleman whose services vve
procure next year will probably find a permanent
home, with an annually increasing salary. I
will take the liberty of referring to Judge An
drews, Rob’t. Toombs and D. G. Cotting, Esq’rs.
ol W ashington, as to the reliance that may be
placed ill me or my statements. Also, Col. J. H.
Lumpkin, of Lexington ; Judge Cone, of Greens
boro’ ; Alex. H. Stephens, Crawfordville ; B. B.
Moore, Esq., Lincolnton, or Y. L.G. Harris, Esq.
Elberlon. A. D. S.
October 19, 1843. 3t 8
ADMINISTRATOR’S SALE.
Will be sold on the first Tuesday in January
next, before the Court-House door in Elbert
county, agreeable to an order of the Inferior
Court of Elbert county, while sitting as a
Court of Ordinary,
Three Shares in the Elbert Factory; Three
Hundred and Fifty-seven Acres of Land, more
or less, ou the waters of the Beaverdam Creek,
adjoining lands of James M. Sandidge, James M.
Harmon, Mary Oliver and others, and six Ne
groes, consisting of three men, two women and
one boy, sold as the Lands ami Negroes of Ha
ley Butler, deceased, for the benefit of the heirs
and creditors ot said deceased. Terms will be
made known on the day of sale.
EPPY BOND, Adm’r.
October 10,1843. in2m 9
WASHINGTON, (WILKES C OUNTY, GA.,) NOVEMBER 2, 1845*.
NELSON CARTER,
DEALER IN
Choice Drugs and Medicines,
Chemicals. Patent Medicines,
Surgical and Denial Instruments,
Perfumery. Brushes,
Paints, Oils, Dye-Stuffs,
Window Glass, #c. Isa.
RED MORTAR A AbuuiiiA -
October 12, 1843. lv 7
HAVILAND, RISLEY A Cos.
Near the Mansion House, Globe and United
Slates Hotels ,
A U GUST A, G A.,
DEALERS IN CHOICE
leyas m medicines,
Surgical and Dental Instruments.
Chemicals, Patent Medicines,
Perfumery, Brushes, Paints, Oils,
Window Glass, Dye Stuffs,
&c. See.
Being connected with Haviland, ‘
Kekse & Cos., New-York, and Hav- !
vSfjf iland, llareal & Allen, Charles
r%?P“3 ton, they are constantly receiving !
‘***s3* fresh supplies of every article in :
their line, which they are enabled to sell at the
lowest market prices.
tD* All goods sold by them, warranted to be of
the quality represented, or may be returned.
Augusta, August 1843. 51
_ W ARE-IIOUSE |
A N D
Commission Business.
AUGUSTA, GA.
rg Hlll undersigned continue the W.aRE- ,
A HOUSE AND COMMISSION BUSI- i
NESS, at the Old Stand, their Entcnsive Fire- \
Proof Ware-House, on Jackson-street, leading 1
directly from the Rail-Road Depot. Thankfui j
for the liberal patronage extended to them the 1
past year, they respectfully solicit its coutiuu- j
mice, ami pledge themselves to use every oxer- i
lion for the interest of those whose business is j
entrusted to their care.
Particular attention will be given to the Stor- I
age and Sale of Cotton, Receiving aud Forward- :
ing Goods, &c. &c., and our advice and assist- j
ance always given to the Planters when in mar
ket themselves, without any charge.
Liberal advances always made on Produce in
Store.
When Cotton is sold we will remit the pro
ceeds in whatever way the owner may desire;
we can at all times obtain Checks on the diiibr
ent Banks and Agencies in the interior.
’ CLARKE & ROBERTS.
Samuel Clarke, Augusta.
James M. Roberts, Greene comity.
September 21, 1815. 5t 1
ADaMS & IIOPKINS,
FIBE-PBOOF WARE-HOUSE.
AUGUSTA, GA., August 22, 1843.
THE Subscribers respectfully tender their
thanks for the liberal patronage heretofore
received—and again oiler their services to their
| friends and the public in the WARE-HOUSE
I & GENERAL COMMISSION BUSINESS
l in this city. Prompt attention will be given to
the Storage and Sale of Cotton, forwarding
Goods, purchase of Merchandize, shipment of
Cotton, &c. Proceeds oi Cotton will be remitted
(if so instructed by the owner) in Bank Checks
payable at Washington, Greenesboro’, Madison,
Ealonton, Milledgeville, Covington, and Colum
bus, or in Bank Notes by mail.
Messrs. F. C. McKinley & Cos. of Madison,
will act as our Agents ior die forwarding of Cot
ton by Rail Road, make advances on Cotton con
signed to us, receive return sales of Colton, and
pay over proceeds at Madison if desired.
Messrs. McKinley & Seymour are our Agents
for forwarding Cotton per Rail Road from
Greenesboro’.
ADAMS & IIOPKINS.
John M. Adams. (
Laiubeth Hopkins, j
August 21. 9t 1
\Y iikes Superior Court,
July Term, 1843.
I David Montgomery and wile,’
John Marten and wife,
Isaac Marten and wife, and
Nancv Collins, BILL IN
Vs. EQUITY.
Purnell Truitt, Executor of
Purnell Truitt, Sen’r., de
ceased. J
FT appearing to the Court, that Sarah Truitt,
relict of John Truitt, Watson Shaw, adm’r.
of John Truitt, Frances Shaw and her husband
Watson Shaw, James M. Truitt, Delphia Spears
and her husband Joshua Spears, Sarali Spears
and her husband Jefferson Spears, Elizabeth
Truitt, Alfred Truitt, Nathan Truitt, Martha
Truitt, Indiana Truitt, Purnal Collins, adm’r.
of Eli Collins, defendants to the amended Bill of
Complaint, reside out of the county of W.ikes,
and have not been served. It is on motion of
Complainant’s Solicitor, Ordered that the afore
said persons named not served, do appear at the
next term of this Court and plead, answer or de
mur to said Bill, and that notice of ibis Order be
perfected on said Defendants by publication
thereof once a month for lour months in the
Washington News and Gazette.
A true copy from the Minutes, this 21st day
of October, 1843.
JOHN H. DYSON, Clerk.
October 26. in4in 9
lAOUK months attar date, application will be
JC made to the Honorable the Inferior Court
of Elbert county, when sitting for Ordinary pur
poses, for leave to sell all the Lands belonging
to the estate of John Watkins, late of said coun
ty, deceased.
JOHN D. WATKINS, Adm’r.
October 11, 1843. ni4m 8
PUBLISH E 1) EVE IIY THUR SD A Y M ORNINd.
BOLTON & NOLAN,
RESPECTFULLY inform their friends and i
the public in general, that they have just ‘
received trom New-York, a select Stock of
Fall and Winter
GOODS,
Which they offer for sale for Cash at unprecc- i
dented low prices.
We beg leave to inform our customers that |
vve have adopted the CASH SYSTEM, and are |
now selling our Goods at from twenty-five to j
thirty per cent, lower than former rates. In ]
these times oi economy and retrenchment, we
presume our customers would object to pay i
twenty or thirty per cent, advanced rates for
credit; or, to cover the had debts of non-paying i
customers. By adopting the Cash system, they :
will avoid both contingencies, and we, the trou
ble and vexation ot endeavoring to collect bud j
and doubtful debts. Hulas wc consider many ol
our customers as good as Cash at any time, we !
will sell on a credit to those who will pay prompt- 1
ly, at our lowest Cash prices, with the and stmet
understanding that their respective accounts will !
he punctually paid when due.
We particularly call the attention of Gentlemen
to our Stock of English and French
Cloths tV Cassimeres ,
The quality ol she Goods cannot lad to give gen
eral satisfaction, and we are selling them at the j
right prices.
Washington, Ga., October 12,1843. .‘it
Til MERCHANTS AND PLA^S,
HAMBURG, (S.C.) July, 1843. ,
I BEG leave to inform vou, that I continue the i
WARE-HOUSE AND COMMISSION j.
BUSINESS at my old stand, known as the Wa- j
ter-proof Warehouse. Detached as it is from oth
er buildings, its location renders it nearly as se- I
cure from fire, as if it was fire-proof The floors
have been oievated above the high water mark 1
or the great freshet of May, 1840.
Planters will thus be secured from the possi- |
u.idy of loss and damage by freshets.
1 avail myself of the present occasion, to re- . i
turn my thanks to my irieuds and patrons, for j :
their liberal support during the past season. 1! ,
solicit from them and the public generally, a con- j ,
tinuance of this confidence, and assure them that ■ 1
in return for their patronage, 1 wid use my best j ‘
personal efforts to promote and protect their in- i 1
terests, committed to my charge. In addition to j 1
tliis assurance, 1 pledge myself that 1 will in no | l
case purchase a bale of cotton, directly or nidi- ! 1
rectly. 1 will attend personally to the sale and j ,
forwarding of cotton to Savannah or Charleston; .
also, to the sale of Bacon, Flour, &c. and to j
the receiving and forwarding of goods to the up- i
country. Having a tine wharf attached to my !
Warehouse, no wharfage will be charged on
Cotton consigned to my care, either for sale or i
to be forwarded to Savannah or Charleston.
My commissions for selling cotton, will be 25 ;
cents per bale, and 12 J cents for forwarding. lj
will also attend to the buying of goods per order. ;
Very respectfully, yours, &c.
G. WALKER, j
August, 1843. 52
EXECUTOR’S SALE.
\\HLL be sold on the first Tuesday in De
* * cember nex:, before the Court-House door
in Lincolnton, Lincoln county, between the legal
hours of sale, the following property, to-wit:
The Tract of Land lying in said county re
cently occupied by Wilkes K. Wellborn, belong
ing to the Estate of Abner Wellborn, deceased.
Sold for the benefit of the heirs and creditors.
Terms made known on the day of sale.
NICHOLAS WILEY, Executor.
September 28, 1843. 5
ADMINISTRATE HP SALE.
Will be sold on the first Tuesday in January
next, before the Court-House door in Elbert
county, agreeable to an order of fi e Inferior
Court ot Elbert cevity, v.!o sitting as a
Court of Ordinary, ).'■ the Land;.’ lying in El
bert county, belonging to t; > E-fvc <>• Cla
born Sandidge, dec ex —d, constating A
Five hundred Acres, more or less, whereon
the deceased formerly lived, adjoining lands of
William 11. Adams, James Lunsford and others;
thirty Acres, more or less, on the waters of B j
verdam Creek, adjoining lands of James M. v |
didge, James Oliver anffothers, and I wenty-i
Acres, more or less, on the waters of the Beaver
dam Creek, adjoining lands of Charles Sattcr
wliite, the estate of John 8. Higginbotham, and
others. Bold for the benefit of the heirs of said I
Claborn Saiididge, deceased. Terms will be ;
made known on the day of sale.
JAMES M. SANDIDGE, > , ,
ANDREW J. SANDIDGE, rh ]
October 21, 1843. m2m .i
GEORGIA, ) Whereas 1. ecu Smith ap-
Wilkes County, j plies to me i miters of dis
mission as Guardian for Fram is E. Smith.
These are therefore, to cite, summon, aDd ad
monish, all and singular the kindred and credit
ors of said Minor, to be and appear at my Of
fice, within the time prescribed by law, to shew
cause (if any they have,) why said letters should j
not be granted.
Given under my hand at office, this sth day
of September, 1843.
JOHN 11. DYSON, c. c.o.
September 7. rnfiin 2
GEORGIA, ) Whereas, Felix G. Hender-
Wilkes county. \ son, administrator de bonis non
on the Estate of Edward Jones, deceased, ap
plies to me for Letters of Dismission.
These are therefore to cite, summon, and ad
monish, all and singular the kindred and credi ->rs
of said deceased, to be and appear at my office
within the tune prescribed by law, to shew cause
(if any they have,) why said letters should not be
granted
Given under my hand at office, this 20th day of
October, 1843.
JOHN Ii DYSON, c.c.o.
October 26. > Jim 9
EVERY VARIETY
OF
EXECUTED AT THIS
MR. CL,AY’S SPEECH
ON’ ABOLITION PETITIONS.
In the Senate of the United Stales, Feb
ruary, 7,1839.
(Concluded from our last.)
A third impediment to immediate aboli
tion is to be found in the immense amount
of capital w hich is invested in slave proper
ty. The total number of slaves in the Uni
ted States, according to the last enumera- !
tionofthe population, was a little upwards :
of two millions. Assuming their increase
at a ratio, which it probably is, of five per j
cent, per annum, tlier present number j
would be three millions. The average val- I
ue of slaves at this time is stated by persons i
well informed to be as high as five hundred
dollars each. To be certainly within tlie j
mark, let us suppose that it is only four j
hundred dollars. The total value', then, ‘
by that estimate, of the slave property in the
United States, is twelve hundred millions :
of dollars. This property is diffused
throughout all classes and conditions of so- ;
ciety. It is owned by widows and orphans,
by the aged and infirm,as well as thesound !
and vigorous. It is the subject of mortga- I
ges, deeds of trust, and family settlements, i
It has been made the basis of numerous j
debts contracted upon its faith, and is the)
sole reliance, it) many instances, of credi- j
tors within and without the slave States, |
for the payment of debts due to them. And
now it is rashl y proposed, by a single fiat I
of legislation, to annihilate this immense a
mount of property 1 To annihilate it with- ;
out indemnity and without compensation to !
its owners ! Does any considerate man
believe it to be possible to effect such an ob- j
ject without convulsion, revolution, and j
bloodshed ?
I know that there is a visionary dogma, !
which holds that negro slaves cannot be !
the subject of property. I shall not dwell
long on this speculative abstraction. That |
is property which the law declares to be \
property. Two hundered years of legisla- !
tion have sanctioned and sanctified negro;
slaves as property. Under all the forms |
of government which have existed upon !
thlscontinent during that long space of time j
—tinder the British government —under the
colonial government —under all the State
constitutions and governments —and under |
the federal government itself-—they have j
been deliberately and solemnly recognized ;
as the legitimate subjects of property. To j
the wild speculations of theorists and inno
vators stands opposed the fact, that in an ‘
uninterrupted period of two hundred years’
duration, under every form of human le- j
gislation, and by all tiie departments of ;
human government, African negro slaves I
have been held and respected, have descen
ded and been transferred, as law ful and in- 1
disputable property. They were treated \
as property in the very British example !
which is so triumphantly appealed to as
worthy of our imitation. Although the :
West India planters had no voice in the li
nked parliament of the British Isle, an ir-j
resistible sense of justice extorted from that j
legislature the grant of twenty millions of j
pounds sterling to compensate the colonists i
for their loss of property.
If, therefore, these ultra-abolitionists are |
seriously determined to pursue their imtne- ;
diate scheme of abolition, they should at;
once set about raising a fund of twelve j
hundred millions of dollars, to indemnify I
the owners of slave property. And the j
taxes to raise that enormous amount can i
only be justly assessed upon themselves or !
upon the free States, if they can persuade j
them to assent to such an assessment ; for it
would be a mockery of all justice and an
outrage against all equity to levy any por
tion of the tax upon the slave States to pay
for their own unquestioned property.
If the considerations to which I have al
ready adverted are not sufficient to dis
suade the abolitionists from further perse
verance in their designs, the interest of the
very cause wlf h they profess to espouse!
ought to check :heir career. Instead of
advancing, by their efforts, that cause, ;
they have thrown back for half a century j
the prospect of any species of emancipation j
of the African race, gradual or immediate,!
in any of the States. They have done ,
i more ; they have increased the rigors of le- )
: gislation against slaves in most, if not all, j
of the slave States. Forty years ago the ;
question was agitated in the State of Ken- ‘
tucky of a gradual emancipation of the
slaves within its limits. By gradual eman
cipation, I mean that slow but safe and cau
-1 tious liberation of slaves which was first
adopted in Pennsylvania at the instance of
Dr. Franklin, in the year 1780, and accor.
ding to which, the generation in being were
to remain in slavery, but all their offspring
born after a specified day were to bo free at
the age of twenty-eight, and, in the mean
time, were to receive preparatory instruc
tion to qualify them for the enjoyment of
freedom. That was the species of eman
cipation which, at the epoch to which I al
lude, was discussed in Kentucky. No one
was rash enough to propose or.think of im
mediate abolition. Noone was rash enough
to think of throwing loose upon the commu
nity, ignorant and unprepared, the untutor
ed slaves oftl-.e State. Many thought, and
I among them, that as each of the slave
States had a right exclusively to judge for
itself in respect to the institution of domes
tic slavery, the proportion of slaves com
pared with the white population in that
State, at that time, was so inconsiderable
that a system of gradual emancipation
might have been safely adopted without
any hazard to the security and interests of
.71. .. K APPEL, Printer.
I the commonwealth. And [ still think that
the question of such emancipation in the
farming states is one whose solution depends
upon the relative numbers of the two races
in any given State. If 1 had been a citizen
of the State of Pennsylvania, when Frank
lin’s plan was adopted, I should have voted
! lor it, because by no possibility could the
black race ever acquire the ascendancy in
that State. But if I had been then, or wore
now, a citizen of any of the planting States
i—the southern or southwestern States—l
should have opposed, and would continue
to oppose, any scheme whatever of eman
cipation, gradual or immediate, because of
the danger of an ultimate ascendancy of
the black race, or of a civil contest which
might terminate in the extinction of on.
race or the other.
The proposition in Kentucky for a grad
ual emancipation did not prevail, but i’ wa
sustained by a large and respectable minor
ity. That minority had increased and was
increasing, until the abolitionists commen
ced their operations. The effect has been
to dissipate all prospects whatever for the
present, of any scheme of gradual or oilier
emancipation. The people of that State
have been shocked and alarmed by tlies,
abolition movements, and the number who
would now favor a system even of gradual
emancipation, is probably less than it wa
in the year 1799- 9. At the session of the
legislature held in 1937 ’B, the question of
calling a Convention was submitted to the
consideration of the people by a law passed
in conformity with the constitution of th<
State. Many motives existed for the
sage of the law, and among them that of e
tnancipation had its influence. When the
question was passed upon bv the people at
their last annual election, only about one
fourth of the whole votersofthe State sup
ported a call ofa Convention. The appre
hension of the danger of abolition was the
leading consideration among the people for
opposing the call. But for that—but for
the agitation of the question of abolition ;r.
Slates whose population bad no right, in the
opinion of the people of Kentucky to inter
fore in the matter, the vote for a Conven
tion would have been much larger, if it had
not been carried. 1 felt niysell constrc'iir !
to take immediate, bold, and decided :
against it.
Prior to the agitation of this sir
abolition, there was a progressive r.s
tion in the condition of slaves tlire
all the slave States. In some of ;•
schools of instruction were opened bv v .
mane and religious persons. These i.
all now checked, and a spirit of iiimi’
nation having shown itself in some 1- ..
ties, traceable, it is believed, to alio’
movements and exertions, the legu i
authority has (bund it expedient to i;
fresh vigor into the police, ami laws - •
regulate the conduct of the slaves
And now, Mr. President, if it wc
sible to overcome the insurmountable ‘
stacles which lie in the way of immediai
abolition, let us briefly contemplate some
of the consequences which would inevitably
ensue. One of these has been occasional
ly alluded to in the progress of these re
marks. It is the struggle which would in
stantaneously arise between the two races
in most of the southern and southwestern
States. And what a dreadful struggle
would it not be ! Embittered by all the re-
I collections of the past, by the tmeonquera
ble prejudices winch w- uld prevail between
two races, and stimulated y all the hope.-’
j and fears of the future, it w mthi a
- in which the ex: ’-minnr. .m of th • Ida 1
[or their ascendanev ut th” vine . v
be the sole alternatir. P.ior to th - ,
I elusion, or during the p ■ gr- ts su
contest, vast numbers, probably ofthe Luten.
race would migrate into the free States;
aud what effect would such a migration
have upon the laboring c asses is. those
States 1
Now tlie distribution of labor in the Uni
ted Slates is geographical ; the free la bo
ers occupying one side of the I ine *■ ’
slave laborers the other ; each cia„s pn
suing its own avocations almost a’, go !•,•
unmixed with the other. But on the su
position of immediate abolition, the tdack
class, migrating into the free Stut- s, w ulu
enter into competition with the white c:
S diminishing the wages of their labor, tu,
augmenting the hardships of their oondi
; tion.
This is not all. The abolitionists stren
uously oppose all separation of the two
races. 1 conf’ss to you, sir, that 1 hac
seen with regr t, grief, and astonishment,
their resolute opposition to the project of
colonization. No scheme was ever pre
sented to the acceptance of mail, which,
whether it be entirely practicable or not, is
characterized by more unmixed humanity
and benevolence than that of transporting,
with their own consent, the free people of
jeolorin the United States to the land of their
ancestors. It has the powerful recommen
! dation that whatever it does is good ; and, if
i it affects nothing, it inflicts no one evil or
mischief upon any portion ofour society.—
There is no necessary hostility between the
objects of colonization and abolition. Co
s deals only with the free man of
color, and that with his own free voluntary
consent. It has nothing to do with slavery.
! It disturbs no man’s property, seeks to im
i pair no power in the slave States, nor to
attribute any to the general government.—
All its action, and all its ways and means
are voluntary, depending upon the blessing
of Providence, which hitherto hasgracious
ly smiled upon it. And yet, beneficent and
harmless as colonization is, no portion of
” the people of tiie United Slates denounce it
[VOLUME XXIX.