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Savannah,Sept 10, 94 Bay .gtree
s(j e (IJuues®
VOLUME XI. |
MUSIC.
ST ALFRED B. STREET.
Music, how strange her power ! her varied (trains
Thrill with a magic spell the human heart.
She wakens memory—brightens hope—the pains-
The joyg of being at her bidding start.
Now to her t. limpet-call the spirit leaps;
Now to her brooding, tender tones it we pg.
Sweet music ! is she portion of that breath
With which the worlds were born—on which they
wheel 1
One of lost Eden’a tones, eluding death,
To make man what is best within him feel!
Keep open his else sealed up depths of heart.
And wakes to active life the better part
Os his mixed nature, being thus the tie
That links us to our God, and draws us toward the
sky I ‘
WEDNESDAY MORNING, MAY 14, 1851.
SOUTH CAROLINA SOUTHERN RIGHT3 CON
VENTION.
In redemption of our promise we lay
before our readers the resolutions and
address adopted by the convention at
Charleston. We have said that this is the
most important convention that has ever
met tr> discuss great interests in an hour of
great trial, in the States of the South. No
rnan can read its proceedings, without
being deeply impressed by the calmness
and deliberation, yet heroic firmness, with
which five hundred of the first men of the
State, representingitin all its geographical
parts, have met the issue of submission and
dishonor or resistance and honor forced
upon them. An eye witness to the pro
ceedings of the convention informs us that
not a ripple of intemperate passion or fac
tious, party spirit marred the dignity of
the occasion, whether in the speeches, the
tones or the actions of the members of the
convention. The speeches of Judge But
ler, Messrs Orr, Barnwell and others,
against separate action, although clearly
opposed to the convictions of a large ma
jority, were received with respectful at
tention and courtesy. Those who were
for, and those who were against action,
appeared to meet and debate the great
question, like brothers, who, all agreeing
in the wrongs, all fully persuaded of the
necessity of a remedy, and none for a mo
ment dreaming of submission, differed
only as to the character ofthe remedy and
the time of applying it. The address
breathes the spirit that animated the whole
assembly—moderate yet firm ; regretful
of trie necessity for action forced upon
them, by a usurping Government and a
Northern People, reckless of the obliga
te ns of the constitution, yet with minds
deeply conscious of innocence of all in
strumentality in producing the crisis.
The action of this convention is destined
to have a powerful effect in the shaping;
ot public opinion in the future develop*
ment of the revolution of the confederacy,
started by Northern Fanaticism. It will
alarm the conservatism of the North, and
arou>e it to efforts to save the union ; it ]
will re-animate the courage ofthe friends j
of the South, sinking in despondency amid
the manifold evidences of a faltering and j
submissive spirit throughout the South. Ini
one spot at least, a stand is made for South-v.
ern Rights and for the liberties of the
Southern People. If the whole South
would even now, come to the rescue and
plant herself by Carolina, how easy would
it be to restore the lost rights and violated
honor of the South—how easy, to reform
the administration ofthe Fei’eral Govern
ment, and set up the overturned altars of
the constitution in the Temple of Equali
ty and Freedom, built by our fathers’
hands. How easy to force upon the North
to take back, what they have in scornful
mockery, given us as a compromise, and
give us instead, justice Even in this ex
tremity—Carolina falsifying the slanders
of her enemies, tells the people of the
Sou b, if they will show her any other mode
of escaping dishonor and wrong, gladly
will she follow it If then the South,
would urite with her and demand the re
peal of the compromise legislation, and a
division ofthe territory of which she has
been rifled, by the peace line of 1819-’2O,
who doubts but South Carolina would re
joice in herability to obtain justice, without
a sereringof tieswhich have so long bouud
her. And who doubts that, the North
would be glad to give simple justice, as
the price of a union in which she has so
deep a stake I Thus, and thus only, can
the union be saved. Courage can redeem
it; it is hopelessly damned by submission
But, if South Carolina is pers jaded, that
her sisters ofthe South will not co-operate
with her in saving the union, on the only
terms, compatible with safety and honor
she is right in the resolves foreshadowed
by this convention. She speaks trutli and
wisdom in heroic accents, when she tells
i us in the memorable words which close
; the address, that “ the gloomy prospect of
| inevitable ruin, to follow submission, ap
pears to us more formidable than any
danger to be encoHiiti-red in contending
alone, against whatever odds for our rights.
We have come to the deliberate conclu
sion that if it be our fate to be left alone in
the struggle, alone we must vindicate our
liberty by secession.”
THE SOUTHERN RIGHTS CONVENTION.
Thi Convention of Southern Rights As
sociations concluded its labors yesterday
with the adoption ot the Resolutions and
Address of the Committee of2J. The test
vote was on substituting the report ot the
minority ofthe Committee. It will be ob
served that the two are not antagonistic,
but only different modifications of the
same idea of resistance to wrongs. The
motion to substitute receive 4 but a small
support; and that being of, the
Resolutions ar.d Address were adopled
almost unanimously. The importance of
this arlfon, and the degree of unanimity
that sustained it, cannot well be over-esti
mated. The convention was composed of
near five hundred delegates—the picked
men of every part ofth,e State. Bound by
no law but their own strong sense of what
was due to themselves and the cause they
maintained, they pa-sed through the ordeal
of tour days’ earnest discussion, without
an instant of uuseemly disorder, without
the smallest appearaoce of wavering in
the strength of their convictions, and
without a symptom of impatience at the
expression, elaborate, eloquent and earn-
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, TUESDAY, MAY ‘2O, 851.
est, of opinions at variance with those of
the well known majority ot the meeting.
We have been deeply impressed with this
dignity of bearing ofihe convention, from
the first day of its session. It struck all
spectators ; it was emphatically commend
ed by the President, in his concluding ad
dress in reply to the resolution of thanks
to himself, so cordially adopted and so
richly deserved. In every aspect, there
fore, —m the generality of the representa
tion of the State by this body; in the tatge
ness of ils numbers; in the quality ofthe
men; in the full and luminous discussiop
which the subjects of its deliberation un
derwent; in the high and patriotic tone
that characterized equally the minority
and the majority, and in the near approach
to unanimity in the final decision, the
session of this convention is an impos
ing event, and its action must go forth as
a formidable influence, not only over S.
Carolina but over ti e whole South. That
influence, we will not say, tendsdirecliy to
Secession, as the remedy to be eventually
ad pted by the State Convention, and we
as little need to say, that this is our reme
dy, and the only one in which we have
any firm faith.
We cannot close our notice of the Con
vention without a more particular refer-,
ence to the distinguished gentleman who
presided over its deliberations. The choice
of Governor Richaruson for that office,
was in all respects most fortunate. He
showed perfect knowledge of all its prac
tical duties ; was always self-possessed,
quiet and firm in the exercise ofau honty,
and never failing either in dignity or in
courtesy. Never did presiding officer bet
ter merit the compliment of a vote of
thanks, and the resolution no more than
expressed the honest feeling of every
member of the body.— Charleston Mercury.
ALABAMA
We publish the proceedings of the South
ern Rights Convention tor the 2J Con
gressional Distiict of Alabama, which re
sulted in the nomination of the Hon. Wil
liaai L. Yancey. In calling upon this
gentleman to bear their standard before
the people in the pending canvass, the
Southern Rights Party of the District have
testified to their own earnestness and de
votedness to the cause ,n which they are
engaged. An undecided people, vibrat
ing between old and worn out party names
and associations, and a whole-hearted du
ty to their cause, would never have se
lected a man of Mr Yancey’s stamp as the
champion and exemplar of their
ples./'Mr Y ancey is a Southern Rights
■man, per se. No voter in his district need
make a mistake in voting for him. When!
his poll goes yito the ballot box and it has,
William L Yancey's name written on it, he
may be sure, he has voted for no submis-I
s.onist. This is a time for men like these.
The Southern Rights Party owes it to the
People, to itself and its cause to be open,!
fearless and honest in the avowal of its;
princip es and the selection of its men.— \
Xhe battle of the Rights ofthe South must!
be fought on the square, openly, manfully
and in the effu.gent face of the
No man who is afraid of being tem
porarily in the minority is fit to enlist in
this cause ; nor yet, if he is dismayed by
defeat. Stand firm—if driven back, un
and at the enemy again ; lower the stand
ard of your faith never —this is the duty of
the Southern Rights Party. And it will
have its reward in the revolution of time
now hasteningon to develope great events,
as surely as night follows day in the diur
nal revolutions of the earth.
Our friend-; in the 2d district of Alabama
have taken this course ; we commend it to
those in Georgia for imitation. A bold
tront, patience under gloom, perse erance
under difficulty, is what our party needs.
With these we may be beaten, but can
never be disgraced.
SOUTHERN RIGHTS CONVENTION OF THE SE
COND DISTRICT OF ALABAMA.
The Southern Rights Convention of the
econd Congressional District of Alabama
asse nbled in C.ay’on on Monday, 28th of
April, and organized by calling to the
chair Sterling G. Cato, oi Baibour, and ap
pointing W. A. M’Carty, of Macon, Se
cretary.
The roll of counties was called and the
following.delegates reported.
Barbour —Jas Clark, E S Ott, Joseph
Jones, E R Flewellen, A C Mitchell, E S
Hool, C R Woods, J P Maddox, J F Co
mar, H D Clayton, C Petty, T Lomax, S
M Lampley, H H Fields, I J Lowrance, J
E Crews, J W Jackson, J A Pruit.
Coffee— 3 H Calavvay, C W Boyier.
Dale —E Wodford, A M Hughes.
Henry- G W Williams', T T Smith. A C
Gordon, Mathew Perymaii, Hon E Corbit,
G W Sercey, A McAlister.
Macon—3 P Baldwin, W W Nolon, A D
| Cleckley, J Davis, G Caldwell. 1
i Montgomery —R W Sh-pherd, F H Brown
Pike —Hat rill Hobdy, Jas Boatwright.
Russell —Jas B Tate.
On motion of E R Flewellen, persons
present from either of the counties not
represented in this convention, were in
vited to a seat and to participate in the
deliberations ofthe convention.
Jno B Tate, of Russell responded to the
inyitatiot) in a few appropriate and patri
otic remarks, which railed forth raplurous
applause, after his name was enrolled as a
delegate from Russell county.
On motion of T Lomax, of Barbour, a
committee consisting of one delegate from
ea:h county was appointed to report offi
cers and rules loi the government ofthe
convention.
The following gentlemen were appoint
ed on said committee : T Lomax of Bar
bour, J Hosea Calaway of Coffee, A M
Hughes of Dale, Geo \V Williams of Hen
ry, J P Baldwin of Macon, R W Shepperd
of Montgomery, Harrill Hobdy of Pike and
Jno B Tate ot Russell.
During the absence of the committee
John Gill Shorter, one of the nominees of
the Southern Rights party for the Legisla
ture from Barbour,was called for. Col
Shorter responded briefly tw the call, evinc
ing to all, that the Southern Rights party
of Barbour, in the selection of Col Shorter,
had committed her cause, not only to an
able and eloquent champion, but ‘also to
one whose heart is iu the right place.
The committee through theii chairman,
T Lomax of Barbour, reported the follow
ing gentlemen as officers of the conven
tion: Geo W Williams, ofHepry, Presi
dent; Juoß Tate of Russell and W W
Nolon of Macon, Vice Presidents, and F
H Browj) of Montgomery and Wm McCar
ty of Macon, Secretaries, which was unani
mously adopted.
The committee further reported the fol
lowing rules for the government ofthe
convention ,—That each county shall be
entitled to four votes for each Senator and
“THE UNION OF THE STATES AND THE SOVEREIGNTY OI THE STATES,”
Representative in the Legislature, and
where two counties elect one Senator they
shall divide the vote equally betweenthem;
and moreover, that the usual Parliamen
tary rules shall govern the deliberations of
the convention- all of wh’Ch was unani
mously concurred in.
The President on taking his seat, in a
brief and eloquent address, explained the
objects ofthe convention.
On motion of A M Hughes of Dale, a
committee consisting of one delegate from
each county, was appointed to report to
the convention a suitable person to repre
sent the second Congressional district of
Alabama in the. Congress of the United
States.
The following gentlemen were appoint
ed on said committee:—Joseph Jones of
Barbour, C W Boyier of Coffee, A M
Hughes of Dale, A C Gordon of Henry, A
D Cleckly of Macon, R W Shenperd of
Montgomery, Harrill Hobdy of Pike and
Jno B Tate of Russell. The committee
retired for a short time and upon their re
turn reported the name of Hon. WILLIAM
L. YANCEY, of Montgomery—wherfedpon
tne convention nominated Mr Yancey
unanimously and hy acclamation, as tin l
Southern Rights candidate to represent the
Second Congressional district of Alabama
in the Congress ofthe United States’
Col Joh . Cochran of Barbour, was then
called to the stand, and in a speech of
great power and thrilling eloquence re
viewed the position of the parties—exhib
iting in his own clear and felicitous man
ner, the tendencies of the submission par
ty to freesoilism, while the tendencies of
the Southern Rights party were,toappmach
nearer and nearer to the main enance of
our rights. Great unanimity prevailed in
the convention. Every one felt that with
such a leader and such a cause as the
South rn Rights party present to the se
cond Congressional district of Alabama,
our banner must come forth from the can
test, on the first Monday of August next,
borne aloft by ottr able standard bearer to
victory, and floating in triumph over a
people unfettered by the shackles that
have hitherto bound them as captives, to
grace the triumph of a relentless enemy.
On motion if AC Mitchell of Barbour,
the following letter was read in conven
tion, and directed to the Hon William L
Yancey, each delegate subscribing his
name thereto.
Clayton, Ala. April 28, 1851.
Dear Sir:—We, the undersigned, dele
gates in convention assembled, for the
purpose of nominating a Southern Rights
candidate to represent the second District
of Alabama in the Congress ofthe United
States, profoundly impressed with the im
portance ol presenting for that office the
name ot one whose past course has shown
him to be one ofthe truest ami most dis
interested ot Southern patriots and whose
distinguished ability and unquestionable
soundness unite to make him the fittest
champion of our rights in this great emer
gency, notwithstanding your express wish
to the contrary, have unanimously and by
acclamation, determined to call you from
the retirement which you prefer, to bear
our standard in the approaching contest.
We know the reluctance which you will
.feel at entering again upon the arena from
which atter so brilliant a can er, you,
years ago, vo'nntarily retired. We are
not ignorant ofthe sacrifices which such a
course will entail upon you. but we know
also your devotion to our cause, and we
confidently hope that in this day of her
peril, you will not withhold Irom the
South the services which she has a right
to demand of all her true sons.
To you pre-eminently, were the eyes of
the convention turned, and to you above
all. do they desire to commit the interests
of their country and their party in the ap
proaching canvass. To your keeping they
confide tiie standard ot the South in this
district, in the full belief that however
great the personal sacrifice demanded of
you, you will not refuse to bear it alott to
battle and to victory.
To Hon William L. Yancey.
We omit the names of the delegates
from each county. Our readers will find
them at the head of the proceedings.—Ed.
On motion, it was resolved, that the pa
pers in this district favorable to Southern
Rights, be requested to publish the pro
ceedings of tins convention.
On motion of J B Tate, of Russell, ihe
convention adjourned sine die.
GEO. W. WILLIAMS, Pres.
F H Brown, ) q ,
Wm A McCarty, j c,ec * y ’
SPW. notice lit the ,N. Y- Express
the death of the Sam’i Thurston,
the delegate in Congress from Oregon, front
dysent try, on bo ml..the Steamer Califor
nia, on her passage from Panama to San
Francisco. Seimtot^G>vinn, of Cabs rnia,
also a pas.'enger on board the same vessel
had been dangerously ill, but was recover
ing.
Periodical Literatdrk.— We find .on nur
table this morning, the April number ol the “West
minster Review,” American edition, by Leonard,
Scolt & Cos. Contents—Modern Bailed Writers
Recent India Campaigns, English Mathematics
Literature Martineau and Alkcnsnn on Man’s Na
ture and Develnpement, Revolution arid Counter-
Revolution. Diplomatic Reform.. Miniate.vil Crisis
Education, Foreign Literature, Critical Notices.
The “Southerly Quarterly Review ” April num
ber, published bv Walker & Riehar’s, Chaiie-lon.
S. C,. with tile following articles : Slavery through
out the World, Cirnon an I Feric’es, Americus Ves
pucius. Diversity of the Races—ils bg/iring upon
Negro Slavery, Physical Science, Ever/tt’s Ora
tions and Speeches, Journalism in the JJ• States,
The Prospect Before Us, An Inquiry into Roman
Jurisprudence, Critical Notices, y
“The U. S. Magazine Democratic Review,’
the May number, publiihed monthly in New York
by Kettell & Moore. This number sustains the
character ofthe work for ability and intofest, in the
followuig table of contents: £■’onstituitilnal Com
promises, F tllacies of Legislation. Lord.Hollar d’s
Remini-cences, The English in Ceylon, Geograph
ieal Mora ity, Paris, The Podesta’s Daughter, The
Race of American Indians, The Tear, The Mint.
The Legend of the Lake Bolsena, (J’ ill. Stewart,
U. 8 N-, The Challenge, Democratic Senators,
Financial & Commercial Review, Northern De
mocracy and the U- inn. Notices rs New Turk.
A Salutary Thought. — When I was a
young man there lived in ourneighborhootl
a Presbyterian, who was universally repor
ted tube a very liberal nan, and unc >rn
monly upright in his dealings. When he
had any of the produce of his farm to dis
pose of, he made it an invariable rule to
give good measure, over good, rather more
than could be required of Lina. One of his
friends, observing his frequently doing so,
questioned him why he did if, told him
he gave too much, and said if would not be
to his own advantage. New, my friends
mark the answer of this Presbyterian,
•God Almighty has permitted me one j >ur
ney through the world, and when gone I
car.ijot return to rectify mistakes/ Think
of this, friends, but one j mrney through
the world.— [J. Simpson.
FIT The following is a copy of the sign
upon an academy for teaching youth, in
one of the Western States: “Freeman and
Huggs, School Teachers. Freeman ttach
es the Boys and Huggs the Girls.
fcF’Society. like a shaded silk must be
viewed in all situations, or its colors will
deceive us
SOUTH C VROLINA.
Convention of Sontliern Rights Association’s.
Charleston, May 6th, 1851.
Mr. ~xregg, front the Select Committee
of Twentv-or.e, submitted the following
Resolutions as t xpressive r f thesentiments
of the Ci nvention, and an Address to the
Southern Rights Associations of tae South
ern States; ‘
RESOLUTIONS.
1. Resolved, That in the opinion of this
meeting the Suite ol South Carolina cannot
submit to the wrongs and aggressions which
have been perpetrated by the Fed rial Gov
ernment and the Northern States, without
dishonor and ruin; and that it is necessary
to relieve herself therefrom, whether with
or without the co-operation of other South
ern States.
2- Resolved, That concert ofaction with
one or more of our sister Statesofthe S >uth.
whether through the proposed Soutnern
Congress, or in auv other manner, is an ob
ject. worth any sacrifice involved in sub
mission.
3. Resolved, That we hold the right of
Secession to be essential to the sovereignty
and freedom of the States of the Confed
eracy; and that the denial of that rignt
would furnish to an injured State the
strongest additional cause for ils exercise.
4. Resolved, That this mteting looks
with confidence and hope to the Conven
tion of the People, to exert til? sovereign
power of the State in defence of its rights,
at the earliert practicable period and in the
most effectual manner; and the Legislature
to adupt the most speedy and effectual
mensurts towards the same end.
Address.
From the Delegates of the Southern Rights
Associations of South Carolina, assembled
in Charleston, to the Southern Rights As
soci itions of the other Southern States.
Having met to take C’ unsel together,
and having rgreed upon that course which
we think it right and necessary to pursue
we wish to lay before you the considera
tions by which we have been governed,
with that (rankness which our respect for
you, and our desire to merit your good
opinion, require.
We regard the position of the Smthern
States in this Confederacy as degraded and
ruinous. The manifest tendency of those
systematic aggressions which they have
suffered for many years past, is to subvert
the institution of slavery. If those acts ol
hi.stile domination, which have been ren
dered more insulting by mockery of lan
guage, under the term of a Compromise,
were final in their nature, and were not to
lie followed by any turther aggressions,
we should still regard them as outrages, to
which sovereign S'ates, possessingthe spi
rit if freedom, ought never to submit
But those measures only form part of a
system, gradually commenced, steadily
carried forward, gathering strength from
dt velopnn nt, and proceeding with fatal
momentum to its end. That t rid is the
abolition of negro slavery in the Southern
States, and the lowering of the free white
population of the South to the same level
s ill) that agrarian rabble, which already
strong and dangerous, seems destined, be
fore very long, to be the controlling power
in the Northern States. We see no rente,
dy and no safety for the South in the pres
ent Union. But we kn. w that in this we
differ from very many citizens of the oth
er Southern States, S| iritedand intelligent,
hav-ng the same interest, and suffering
under the same wrongs with nurse ves,
ami who cherish the hope that the rights
i fthe S ‘Uth may be vindicated and secur
ed without dissolving the existing Confed
eracy. In It is difference, it does not be
come us to assume to dictate, and we hope
to stand free from that charge. Up tc this
time, the citizens of South Carolina, aware
t -at peculiarity oi political position, aris
ing Irom past events, rendered a certain
reserve on their part prudent and proper,
have studiously avoided everything which
might look like assuming the lead in the
defence ol Seuthern Rights. They de
sired to act, because they believed that
safety and honor required action; but they
hoped that ihey might find leaders in oth
er States, whom they might follow in de
fence of the common cause. When the
ancient Commonwealth of Virginia the pro
per leader of the South, declared her
determination to resist, at all hazards and
to tr.e last extremity, hostile mtasures then
threatened, South Carolina, with ail alacri
ty , stood ready to support Virginia in ctr
rying cut her high resolution. When
Georgia,—whose former resistance to Fed
era! usurpation, under iter heroic states,
matt, Troup, gave promise of unflinching
firmness in any contest in with .h she might
engage—proclaimed her determination to
make a stand for the rights of the S >uth,
South Carolina rej iced at the prospict of
rallying under the banner of Georgia.—.
And when her young an i gallant sister,
Mississippi proposed the wise measure of
a Southern Convention, for the purp >se of
endeavoring to ur ite the Southern States
in maintaining their constitutional rights,
and at the same time preserving, if possi
ble, the existing Union, South Carolina
heartily entered into this measure; and
she has curried out the recommendation
of the Convention, so assembled at the in
stance of Mississippi, hy providing for the
election of Delegates to a Southern Con
gress, to whose meeting she st'll looks with
anxious interest.
In all these proceedings, we tl ink that
the citizens if South Carolina have evinced
all proper anxiety to avoid the appearance
of arrogance or dictation, to act in concert
with the citizens of the other Southern
States.and to do nothing separately or pre
cipitately. And now. strongly as we have
expn ssed our b lief that there is no hope
for the South iu the existing Union, we are
prepared to give a trial, fairly and in good
faith, to any effectual plan which may be
proposed by any sister Slate of the South,
for obtaining redress forthe past and secu
rity for the tutgre, ” jihcuft i dissolution ot
t e existing Union, if there be a possibility
of such a consummation.
But we find ourselves forced to consider
the ulterioi question* whal we are to do, if
we find that there is no reasonable hope of
the co-operation of any other southern
State m any effectual plan of relief, and the
alternative is presented to us, of submit
ting, oracting by ourselves. And, reluct
ant as vve are to separate oursehes from
our natural friends and allies, we have
made up our minds. We cannot submit.
We know that South Carolina entered ibis
Contederacy as a sovereign and independ
sent Stale, and that having been wronged,
she has the perfect right to withdraw from
it. Her sons must exercise the right and
meet the consequences. If no other State
will join us in relieving ourselves from the
wrongs already mflicted, we see no hope
in waiting lor new outrage to arouse a
higher spirit of resistance. The new out
rages, we are well convinced, will come in
due tin e; but we feel no assurance that the
spirit of the vassal will rise in proportion
to the indignities heaped upon hi* head.
On the contrary, we see that the South has
air ady borne what it would n l for a mo
iimtit have submitted to leu years ago, and
what the North would not then have ven
tured to perpetrate.
We are not willing to try the ( xperiment
how long it will be before our spirit is
completely broken, by gradual and con
tinually yielding to slow and gradual but
unceasing encroachments.
And if the exercise of the right of se
cession is to be followed i.y the attempt on
the’ part of the G vernment of this Confed
eracy to subjugate South Carolina, it is
better tha’ we should meet that attempt
while we still hive some spirit and some
power of resistance left. If we nre to sub
mit to the condition if a conquered people,
we think it less dishonorable not to do so
until we have first been Conquered. And
if anything could add to the necessity
which we bt-iieve exists for a withdrawal
from the existing l mon, it wuuid be the
denial of the right of secession. For the
denial of that right indicates of itself ex
treme danger. Tile right of s cession has
heretofore,and in better days, been regard
ed as unquestionable by all Southern poli
ticians, with the exception of an inconsid
erable number of consolidaiionists. And
if ever that right can be denied without
arousing the whole South to sustain it, the
South will be ripe for the most miserable
fate which has ever befallen any people
It will then, ns a permanent sectional mi
nority, have no defence against the tyr
anny ol a Government combining all the
vices of I lie corrupt’ st democracy and the
most oppressive foreign despotism.
We know the consequences which will
follow a failure tn our effort to maintain
our liberty We see c early that a trium
phant exertion • fthe power ofthe Federal
Government, in subjugating a Stale, w.li
vastly increase that power, and greatly ac
celerate the chang-, already fur advanced,
of our Federative system into a consolida
ted central despot sin. We see, also, that
Soutli Carolina will not suffer the coose
qu rices of this change alone, hut that toe
rest of the S lutiiern S.ates must suffer in
au equal degree. They will have no safe
guard again? the Central G >vernnirnt,
strengthened by crushing opposition, and
render and, by triumphant lorce, what our
Northern enemies have long been endeav
oring to make it by fraudulent usurpation
—-the supreme Goverturn ntofac msolida
ted nation. The sovereign yof one South
ern State cannot be destroyed by ail the
others. We are aware ot the responsibil
ity ot doing an act which may hasten
these consequences. We fee! the respect
which we owe to States having a common
interest, threatened by a common dangt r,
but not equally persuaded with ourselves
ofthe nee- ssity of actit n. And nothing
would induce us to take, without their con
currency, a course which is to involve
them in ils consequences, but a thorough
conviction of ihe necessity which urges
us, and ol our right to do so.
Addressing citizens of Southern States,
associated to maintain the rights of the
S uth, we cannot imagine it to be nece.'X
g-ary to argue about the right of secession.
We hold it to be the great State right,
without which all others are nugatory and
inc’apab e of being enforced; and your po
sition assures us that your faith cannot be
different from ■ ins*
Nor can we reyard it as necessary any
farther to discuss the wrongs which have
been inflicted on the Southern Slates.
They may be denied by those who shut
their eyes 10 them, but you do hot belong
to that class. Southern and tale Rights
men may difler as to the necessity ot
exercising the right of secession at a par*
ticular tune, on account of those wrmgs.
But as certainly as the right exists, each
Slate must possess the right ot judging for
herself, as to the occasion and tune for its
exercise. If Sooth Carolina decides that
honor and safety require tier to secede,
she has the right to leave the Confederacy
peacably and without molestation. If the
act of secession is not permitted to be peuc
able, it will be from usurpation of power
i y the Federal Government, not from the
nature < f tfie act performed by South Car”
olinu, Accustomed as we have been to
violations of the Constitution, and of the
rights of the Southern States by the Feder
al Government, we have.to look -forward
to the probability of another outrage by
that Government, in the attempt to force,
the State to remain in the Union. We
suppose the attempt will be made, if the
other Southern Suites permit it. Those
States mustdecide for themselves whether
it is necessary to secede. Her sister
States of tile South wii! h ive no right to
complain that she forces them into a posi
tion where they must either interpose t •
prevent her subjugation, or, by consenting
to it, abandon their own sovereignty, and
lay themselves at the mercy of a despotic
power. In seceding, South Car iina will
simply do an act which all Southern men
who believe n the existence of State rights
at all must admit that she has a perfect right
to do, and which she regards as anso
iutely necessary. She will be act
ing on her sacred right. She would be
acting, as she would have to act, if none
of the other Southern Sta'es were in exist
ence, and she were ike on.y object of ag
gression by the Northern Stales and the
Federal Government. Sue is not answer
able for the usurpations and injustice
which may be committed against her.
And for her sister States of the South to
ask of her to refrain from an exe.cise ot
right which she regards as indispensable iu
sell-preservation, would bean interference
with her fiee action of a lard flerent char
acter from any with which she can be
charged towards them. Sovereigns are
equals, in seceding alone, South Caioli.
na would be placing* her sister States of the
South under no constraint. If they should
find themselves in a position of Constraint
it woulc. come from the action of the Fed
eral Government not of South Carolina.
But and they should insist upon her n fram
ing f.om the exercise of her right, and
suhmitt.ng toa condition which she re
gards as intolerable, they would make
tnemselves parties with the Government
in placing an unjustifiable constraint upon
a sovereign and an equal.
We wish that the necessity of .■ eparate ac'mti by
South Carolina, which we have contein|>! aed. may
he averted. We confide ill the gallant spirits wh m
we address. There may it- some hope ol tbo as
sembling of a Southern Congress, to d> vise mea
sures of redross and relief, upon which some of the
injured Slates may unite. We have heretofore been
willing to sacrifice much for 8 uthern Union. We
still are. We do not desire to lead but to follow
Propose any effectual measures tor vindicating our
comm m rights, and providing for our common safe
ty, and we wifi heartily unit, yvitu you in carrying
them out. We should icgret most deeply to incur
the censure of friends, with whom we have the
strongest desire to act in concert. 6ut we leel a
deep conviction that we have riot acted heretofore
with any precip tation, and that we are ii the right
in the determination which we have formed. The
seli’-abaseii'.eut of submission, appears to us unwor
thy of men still preteuding to*bc free. The gloo.ny
prospect of inevitable ruin, to follow submission,
appears to us more f irmida le than any dangers to
he encounte ed in contending .and me, against what
ever odds, for our rights. We have erme to the
deliberate conclusion, that if it be our fate to be left
alone in the struggle, aionawe feist vindicate our
liberty to secession. fe, *
| NUMBER 22.
Imaginary Evils.
Lt to-morrow take care of tomorrow,
Luve things of the futuie to fate,
Wh it’s the use to anticipate sorrow?
Life’s troubles come never too late;
J:t hope over much error,
•Tis one tfiat the wise have preferr’d;
And how often have hearts been in terror
Os evils that never oecurr’d
Let to-morrow take care of to-morrow;
Short aid dark as our life may appear,
Wo may make it still darker by sorrow
Still shorter by folly and fear.
Half our troubles are half our invention.
And olten from blessings conlerr and
Have we shrunk, in the wild apprehension
Os e'ils that never occurr’o!
ONE WAY TO FIGHT A DUEL.
A Scotch naj ir, tvh > had been so skill
ful with a sword as to fight several duels,
with repeated suxesa, but who, on account
of his extreme desire for quarreling, when
a little intoxicated, and lor his boasted cour
age, was deserted and despistd by his
lirutherolficers, > aiue one evening to a large
company. There happened to be present
a Yankee, an officer of the same retinient
which was then stationed, He related a
mong other things, the failure of a certain
expedition, in which he had the tnisfoituße
to be wounded.
‘That was because you were a rascally
set of cowards,’observed the major.
•You are a d—d liar! says the Yan
kee.
The company started.
The Scotchman looked down on him
with as much contempt as G Mali did upon
David, and immediately asked, ‘Are you
a man to meet me?”
• Ye?,* replied the Yankee, at any time
and where you please, only with the pro
viso, that we meet w ithout sec mds.’
‘Well, then to-morrow morning at 5 o’-
clock, at -.-
‘Agieed.’
The company present endeavo ed to
Jissuide the Yankee, telling him the ina
j>r had every advantage where he had
nq|p, and he had betu r compromise mat
ters ere he sh< uld have cause to repent his
rashness, but I e still pers'sted.
The next morning the Yankee repaired
to the place somewhat before the appoint
ed hour, armed with a large musket.—
Sh rtlv after, ihu major made his appear
ance with a brace of pistols and sword.—
Before he had advanced far, the Y’ui.kee.
in an austere tone, bid him stop or he would
blow his brains out. l’he major, struck
with aimizeirn lit at this unexpected stra
tagem, reluctantly obeyed, but expostulat
ed with him on the injustice of such un
gentlemanlike proceedings. The Yankee
was implacable, and determined to punish
him f >r past conduct, and the abuse he had
himself received.
‘Lay down your sword and pistols!’ says
he, (still presenting his ’and to
the right about face, march!’
The pooi major w as again under the ne
cessity of obeying, and, uttering a volley
of curses against his star, passively submit
ted. The Yankee then quietly took pos
session of his arms.
’’Tis base, ’tis cowardly, thus to disarm
me of ail defence!’ says the major.
•No,’ replied Ins fellow combatant, I will
deal honorably with you ; there, take my
musket (thr< wing it towards him, ) and de
fend your life!’
He,quite incensed, seized the weapon
with a mixture of exultation and precipitate
vengeance, and, rushing forward, deniaii
ded his arms, or he would blow’ him to
hell!
‘Blow away and bed and !’ says the
Yankee.
Provoked at su< h unparalleled insolence
in a fi’ of phienzy he drew the trigger.—
Bm, alas ! the musket had not betn
charged !
The glory of ourbrqggndocia was so sul
lied. and his feelings so mortally tvi tttided
by this indignity, that he sold his com
mission and left the place.
A Word to the Ladie s —Sew Mode of
Making Bread. —Here is the recipe for
a good sized loaf large enough to fill a com
mon bread pan:
Take three pounds of flou' - , mix with it
three tea-spoonsfull of soda, passing the
u-.holethrough a sieve in ord- rihat the soda
may be W'ell mixed with the tlnur ; to one
quart of water add a tgble spoonful of muriat
ic acid in ihe liquid form; pour the mixture
into the flour, and t:.i* the whole just
enough to oet the ingredients fairly irnor
orated together. Wet the hand in cold
water and mouid it into shape, clap it at
once into the oven, and during the cook
ing of any meal, with five minutes’ labor,
V u can have excellent biead. The soda
and acids constitute the elements of com
mon salt, and they not only raise the bread
by combination, but salt it in tiie bargain.
Try the experiment, ladies.r— Chicago 7Yi
fjune.
Precocity. —Charles the Twelfth trans
lated Quintus Curtins at eight years <>f age. j
Montaigne was tauyhi Litm in his nurse’s j
arms; it was the first language which he I
spoke. Cartier was master ol five lan- i
guagesal the age of nine years. When
Cato was but fourteen years of age, he
was in Scylla’s house a witness of his
tyiunnies. “Give 11 e a sword.” said he,
“and l will kill him. 1 am not afraid of
him.”
What three authors would you name, in
commenting on an extensive conflagration?
Dickons How itt, Burns.
President’s Proclamation. —The pro
clamaliou of the Piesident if the United
States, (says the R.chmond tjaminer.j
C ut fi.rth in consequence ot anew attempt
at the invasion of Cubs, wlvch has fieen
rumored for the last lew weeks, would give
some weight to that report, did we not re
collect what sort of Administration is now
at the head of our affairs. Milliard Fill
more is the “pale reflex” of the Regen
cy’s folly. He starts at shadows, and a
mong realities lie lias proven himself an
imbteile. The present rumors about Cu
ba are more baseless than shadows. No
sensible person pays the slightest attention
to them. The abortive attempt of Lopez,
which did really take place a year or so
ago, found no obstacle in the Whig admin
istration. And when it was all over,those
really engaged in it were allowed to j aes
untouched while a number of the most
distinguished, worthy and sober citizens
of the South, who never had lot or part in
it. were diaeged from their homes and put
upon tri. I like so ni*.ny malefactors, before
the Federal Court ol The ma
jesty if a swvereign State insulted—
ner rights laughed to scorn—and tier Gov
ernor diaggfd at the hetfs of Federal pow
er.
This is what the Administration did in
the South, while Boston, in the North, was
resisting tfie laws which Vice President
FiHinofe had s vujrn to maintain. His pro
clamation is put out on these vague stories
tor no other-purpose we can Conceive ‘of.
than to fill up the measure ofpopalar scorn
for himself and his party.
FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 16,1861.
Southern Rights Meeting.
At a meeting us the Southern Rights party o
Muscogee county, held by previous appointment at
the Court House, in Columbus, at 12 o’clock on
Tuesday the 13th inst,
On motion of the Hon. Joseph Sturgis, Col
Vast Leoyard was railed to the Chair, and Wita
liam H. Chambers appointed Secretary.
The Chairman announced the object of the meet?
ing to lie to appoint delegatee to represent the South
ern Rights paity of Muscogee county in the several
convei lions, which are to meet, respec'ivcly, at Mil*
ledgeville and Albany, for the nomination us candi
dates for Governor aid Congressman
On motion of lion. A. Iversoy, the Chairman
appointed a committee consisting of Judge Ivkiisoy
Col. Beyyiyg. Mahtiy J. Crawford,
Judge Thomas, and H. S. Smith, Esq., with in
structions UP report to the meeting the names of
suitable delegates to represent this county in each
of the proposed conventions.
After a shoit conference, the committee report
ed the following names:
Delegates to the Gubernatorial Convention at
Mi'ledgeville: Maj JOHN H. HOW ‘ RD. MAR
TIN J. CRAWFORD. JAMES COOK, ‘of Hal
lota.) JOHN FORSYTH and D WEST. E-q*.
Delegates to ihe Convention at Albany: Major
WILEY WILLIAMS. R. J. MOSES. Esq., Gen.
P. J.SEMMES. A. H. FLEW ELLEN, (of James
town.) and W. A. BEDELL, Esqrs.
These nominations were unanimously corfirin
ed by the meeting, and each delegation was autho
rized to ill! any vacancy that might occur in its
number.
On motion of Mr. Wriiir Williams, it was
Resolved , That the Southern Ri-hts party in
each district of Muscogee cou. ty he requested to
meet at their respective Cosu r t Houses on the first
Saturday in June next, and si-point two delegates
each, to meet with the delegates front Stewait coun
ty in convention, to nominate a candidate for the
State Senate for this District.
2d. That we concur in the suggestion made by
our friends of Stewart county, that this Conven
tion be held in Columbus on the 3J of July next.
On motion of Maj. Wiley Williams, it was
Resolved, That a committee of eleven persons be
appointed hv the chairm <u of this in°etin ;, with in
structions to report to an adjourned me-ting a se
ries of resolutions expressive of the principles and
policy of the Southern Rights party of Muscogee
county.
The following persons contiiute that committee .
Messrs. Wiley Williams, Alfred Iversoy
11. L. Bknviyo. M. J Crawford. G. E. Thomas
H S. Smith, R. J. M sks. Juhy Fohstth, Y v m
H. Crawford, Jso. A. Joses and A. S. Ruth
erford.
On motion of Judge Sturgis, the proceedings
of this meeting were ordered to he published in the
Times and Sentinel of this city.
The meeting then adjourned to Saturday next at
12 o’clock, when it will re-assemble at this place
to hear the re| ort of the committee, at which time
a general attendance of the party is requested.
VAN LEONARD. Chairman,
Williay H. Chambers, Secretary.
WHERE ARE WE ?
Asa m mber if the Southern Rights
Party, this question forces itself upon us
for an answer. Are we at sea without
chart, compass or aim, or are we fast-an?
chored to a grand an 1 determined purpose
by the unyielding chain cable of princi
ple 1 Are we fighting for something, to-w it:
the rights of our Southern country; or are
we fighting for nothing —to-wit: the hon
ors and the offices of a mere party victory
over our party adversaries? These ques
tions demand a solution. We desire for
our own edification and guidance to have
them authoritatively answered and settled.
r Jpon the answer wholly depends our
course of action during the months of can?
vass to intervene before October next. If
we are to contend for a great purpose, a
practical end and the triumph of Southern
Rights principles, we are ready to enter
the arena, stripped and armed for the con
flict, to do battle with our best might
against all corners, in a glorious cause.—
But, if the object he only, to beat the Na
tional Union Macon Regency candidate
of the subm.ssionists, and that is to be done
bycloaking our real principles and hid
ing our supposed unpopular “'iews from
the people ; why then, we shall take very
little trouble and interest in a contest so
bootless, in a quarrel so impotent and
puerile. With our earnest and solemn
convictions of the perils of the times, and
the momentous interests at stak- , noth
ing less than the rights and liberties of
a whole people, and all, as we have
fondly supposed in the sacred keei ing
efthe Southern Rights party ; we cannot
waste our ink or our feelings in a contest,
whereat the threshold,the banner is thrown
down, for the sake of tfie great principles
inscribed on which, the field Js alone
woith contesting and the victory worth
having. “The game is not worth the Qan?
die.”
Our friends are shortly going into con
vention to nominate a candidate for Gov
ernor and we suppose to adopt a creed,
which as a party, they will offer for the
acceptance or rejection ot the People.—
In anticipation of this, we regret to see,
efforts in several quarters already being
made, to prepare the convention tor the
work of emasculating the Southern Rights
Party. Having first demented themselves
! with the idea that the cause rtf the South is
unpopular with the people of the South, on
account of the sternness of the remedies
| necessary to its defence; these gentlemen
1 propose to soften all these asperities and
to make it palatable so a submissive and
spiritless people, by plucking from resis
tance’ everything but its name. They are
frightened by their own cause, and alaim
ed at its exigencies of duty and danger
an.d they are doubly alarmed lest the Peo
ple can never be persuaded to dare take
those steps, which they know and believe
are necessary to save the rights of the
People. Now all this, we hold to be false
policy, fal*e logic, false morals, false poli
ties, and a lettinv down from the high du;
ties which attach fi the Southern Rights
Party, as the only shield that stands be
tween Fanaticism and its victim—the South.
If our cause is a good one, stand by it, and
be not ashamed of it, through minority or
majority, through evil or good report. If
the safety of the South requires that Seces
sion should be looked fairly in the laca
(and sophistry jtself cannot gainsay it)
why let us look at it boldly and unblench
ingly, no matter how ugly its squint or for
bidding its look. What we would inculcate
in the case is the virtue of “ honesty as a
policy” and to protest loudly against the
a.tempt to loiver our standard because it
appears to be unpopular. We must have
faitti and hope. Our causo must be popu
lar in the end. Moral causes of a mighty
nature aye conspiring to push on and heap
up tfie dangers and aggressions from
which we are now suffering. Abolition
bigotry will force the crisis to a head, anti
then our standard will wave in triumph,
else the South will go down in ruin. It ia
the destiny of the Southern Rights party
(if true to itself) to save the South; if
QLse, -to pei ish with it.
, Tn the'Tederal Union of the 6th inst. is
an article Warded tfie “Wilkinson county